Intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of rice by-product recycling, and specifically relates to an intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products, which comprises a crushing and grading pipe assembly and a base. The crushing and grading pipe assembly comprises an inner crushing column, an isolation crushing cylinder and an outer crushing cylinder. A crushing element is installed on the inner wall of the outer crushing cylinder. An outer crushing element is installed on the outer wall of the isolation crushing cylinder and the outer wall of the inner crushing column. An inner crushing element is installed on the inner wall of the isolation crushing cylinder. The inner crushing element, the outer crushing element and the crushing element adopt the same structure. The outer crushing element comprises multiple rings of crushing knives and an elastic support body inside the penetrating cavity. Each ring of the crushing knives is provided with multiple crushing knives. The multiple crushing knives are arranged in an annular array on the elastic support body. The contact frequency of the rice bran at different positions and the crushing knives is improved. The rice bran is crushed uniformly with high quality, which is beneficial to quality grading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rice by-product recycling, specifically to an intelligent crushing and grading device for the efficient and comprehensive utilization of rice by-products. Background Technology

[0002] Rice is one of my country's most important food crops. During the processing into rice, a large amount of byproducts such as rice husks, rice bran, and broken rice are generated. Statistics show that rice husks account for approximately 20% of the weight of rice, rice bran for about 8%-12%, and broken rice for about 2%-3%. For a long time, these byproducts have mostly been treated as waste or low-value animal feed, resulting in extremely low resource utilization. However, with the deepening promotion of resource recycling and green manufacturing concepts, the high-value reuse of rice byproducts is receiving increasing attention. Rice husks, after being crushed, can be made into high-value-added materials such as biomass fuel, white carbon black, and activated carbon; rice bran is rich in protein, fat, dietary fiber, and natural bioactive substances such as γ-oryzanol, tocopherol, and phytosterols, and after further processing, it can be used to produce rice bran oil, rice bran wax, and oryzanol products; broken rice can be processed into rice flour, syrup, protein powder, and other food and industrial raw materials. Therefore, achieving efficient and comprehensive utilization of rice byproducts is of great significance for extending the rice industry chain, increasing resource added value, and reducing environmental pollution.

[0003] Rice bran, a major byproduct of rice processing, is crucial for the comprehensive utilization of rice byproducts. However, rice bran itself has several characteristics that hinder its direct use: First, it contains impurities such as rice husks, gravel, and dust, making it coarse in texture; second, fresh rice bran contains active lipases, which decompose fats within hours, leading to rancidity; third, rice bran particles are small and lightweight, making them easily scattered during processing, thus posing significant challenges to collection and handling. Therefore, before recycling, rice bran typically needs to undergo crushing and grading to refine the particles, remove impurities, and deactivate enzymes, providing qualified raw materials for subsequent oil extraction, protein separation, or feed processing. Crushing and grading are prerequisites and foundations for the high-value utilization of rice bran, directly affecting the efficiency of subsequent processing and product quality.

[0004] Currently, there are some technical solutions for the crushing and grading of rice bran. For example, Chinese patent application number 202110358573.1, "A Dust-Suppressing Waste Rice Bran Processing Device," proposes a processing solution. This device includes a crushing barrel with a rotating tube inside. Several blades are uniformly fixed to the outside of the rotating tube. A first rotating shaft is located inside the rotating tube. A motor drives a second rotating shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the first rotating shaft to rotate, causing the rotating tube and blades to rotate and crush the rice bran. At the same time, the device uses a turntable, a vertical rod, and a first spring to make the rotating tube move up and down during rotation, aiming to achieve a more thorough crushing effect. However, this structure still has obvious shortcomings in practical applications: during the up-and-down movement of the rotating tube and blades, violent airflow disturbances are generated inside the crushing barrel. Since rice bran itself is relatively light, these disturbances will blow away and lift a large number of crushed rice bran particles, causing them to scatter disorderly inside the barrel. This not only makes it difficult for the blades to effectively capture and further crush them, but also reduces the crushing efficiency and uniformity. In addition, rice bran can easily adhere to the inner wall of the crushing barrel or clog the screen mesh during the scattering process, affecting the continuous and stable operation of the equipment and further restricting the improvement of crushing and grading effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Regarding existing crushing and grading technologies for the recycling and reuse of rice bran, a byproduct of rice production, the problem arises that rice bran, being light, easily scatters during the crushing process, hindering effective processing. To address this issue, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An intelligent crushing and grading device for the efficient and comprehensive utilization of rice by-products includes a crushing and grading tube assembly and a base. The crushing and grading tube assembly includes an inner crushing column, an isolation crushing cylinder, and an outer crushing cylinder. Crushing components are installed on the inner wall of the outer crushing cylinder. Outer crushing components are installed on the outer walls of both the inner crushing column and the isolation crushing cylinder. Inner crushing components are installed on the inner wall of the isolation crushing cylinder. The inner crushing components, outer crushing components, and crushing components adopt the same structure. The outer crushing components include an elastic support body and multiple rings of crushing blades. The elastic support body is located inside the interpenetrating cavity. Multiple crushing blades are provided in each ring, and the multiple crushing blades are distributed in a ring array on the elastic support body.

[0007] In a further preferred embodiment, the external crushing component further includes:

[0008] Multiple airbag rings are distributed on an elastic support; the multiple airbag rings and multiple rings of crushing blades are arranged in a sequential cross array, and both the airbag rings and the elastic support are made of rubber.

[0009] An annular airbag cavity is formed in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple airbag rings, and the annular airbag cavity is opened inside the airbag ring.

[0010] In a further preferred embodiment, a support body is provided on the outer wall of the isolation pulverizing cylinder, an insertion cavity is opened on the support body, and multiple guide rods are fixed inside the insertion cavity. The guide rods are movably inserted into the end of the pulverizing blade, and the guide rods are used for the linear movement of the pulverizing blade. The support body is fixed to the isolation cylinder, and multiple air guide pipe structures are provided on the support body. The multiple air guide pipe structures are used to periodically inflate and deflate the insertion cavity and multiple annular air bladder cavities, respectively.

[0011] In a further preferred embodiment, the air duct structure includes:

[0012] Intake pipe;

[0013] An exhaust pipe is sleeved outside the intake pipe, and the columnar centerline of the intake pipe and the columnar centerline of the exhaust pipe are on the same straight line; the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe are fixed together by multiple fixing rods.

[0014] Multiple air vents are distributed along an array of air vents; the air vents are formed on the air vents; the air vents are used to connect the inside of the air vents to the outside of the air vents.

[0015] Multiple air inlets are arranged in an array along the air outlet pipe; the air inlets are formed on a column that passes through the pipe walls of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe; the air inlets are used to connect the inside of the air inlet pipe to the outside of the air outlet pipe.

[0016] In a further preferred embodiment, a second pulverizing chamber is provided between the inner pulverizing column and the isolation pulverizing cylinder, and a first pulverizing chamber is provided between the isolation pulverizing cylinder and the outer pulverizing cylinder.

[0017] In a further preferred embodiment, the intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient and comprehensive utilization of rice by-products also includes a top cover assembly, which is detachably installed on the crushing and grading tube assembly. The top cover assembly includes a top cover shell, which is unidirectionally open. An isolation ring is fixed inside the top cover shell, which is used to divide the space inside the top cover shell into an inner guide cavity and an outer guide cavity. The inner guide cavity is directed towards the inner crushing column and the isolation crushing cylinder. The outer guide cavity is directed towards the isolation crushing cylinder and the outer crushing cylinder.

[0018] In a further preferred embodiment, the top cover assembly is provided with a feed pipe, which is inserted and fixed on the top cover shell and the isolation ring. The feed pipe has two feed ports, one of which is located inside the outer guide cavity and is used to provide rice bran material between the isolation crushing cylinder and the outer crushing cylinder; the other feed port is located inside the inner guide cavity and is used to provide rice bran material between the inner crushing column and the isolation crushing cylinder.

[0019] In a further preferred embodiment, the isolation ring is provided with multiple flow guide ports, which are distributed in a ring array around the isolation ring; the flow guide ports are used to connect the inner flow guide cavity and the outer flow guide cavity; a flow guide component is installed inside the flow guide port, which is used to regulate the gas flow inside the inner flow guide cavity and the outer flow guide cavity.

[0020] In a further preferred embodiment, the flow guiding component includes:

[0021] The motor is composed of two symmetrically assembled drive motors, which are reversible motors;

[0022] A first guide impeller is mounted on the output shaft of a drive motor on one side.

[0023] The second guide impeller is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor on the other side.

[0024] In a further preferred embodiment, a through hole is provided on the side wall of the flow guide, which is used to connect the inside of the flow guide to the outside of the top cover shell; multiple through holes are provided at the bottom of the isolation crushing cylinder, and a discharge auger is installed inside the through holes to connect the inside and outside of the isolation crushing cylinder; multiple exhaust holes are provided at the bottom of the outer crushing cylinder, and solenoid valves are installed on both the through holes and the exhaust holes.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0026] 1. During the process of pulverizing rice bran between the inner pulverizing column and the isolation pulverizing cylinder, and between the isolation pulverizing cylinder and the outer pulverizing cylinder, driven by the power component, gas is periodically injected into the interpenetrating cavity. The elastic support body periodically expands outward. This expansion of the elastic support body ensures that the space between the inner pulverizing column and the isolation pulverizing cylinder, and between the isolation pulverizing cylinder and the outer pulverizing cylinder, is filled with rice bran. It also continuously pushes the rice bran towards the multi-ring pulverizing blades, increasing the contact frequency between the rice bran and the pulverizing blades at different positions. This allows for adjustment of the pulverizing space according to the amount of rice bran added, preventing the rice bran from being scattered by the airflow driven by the pulverizing blades and escaping the pulverizing blades during the pulverizing process. In addition, the high contact frequency between the pulverizing blades and the rice bran, caused by the continuous pushing of the rice bran towards the multi-ring pulverizing blades, results in uniform and high-quality pulverization of the rice bran, which is beneficial for quality grading.

[0027] 2. When the air duct structure consists of multiple annular air bladders that are periodically inflated and deflated, the multiple annular air bladders peristally push the rice bran during periodic expansion. Since the multiple air bladder rings and multiple rings of crushing blades are arranged in a sequential cross array, the rice bran is dispersed and pushed towards the crushing blades at multiple points, increasing the contact frequency between the rice bran and the crushing blades at different locations. This results in uniform and high-quality rice bran crushing, which is beneficial for quality grading.

[0028] 3. After the motor of the flow guiding component is started, the motor drives the first and second flow guiding impellers in the same direction. The first and second flow guiding impellers form a fixed airflow, which can gradually draw up the rice bran between the isolation crushing cylinder and the outer crushing cylinder and send it into the space between the inner crushing column and the isolation crushing cylinder. Then, the discharge auger is started, which can gradually send the rice bran between the inner crushing column and the isolation crushing cylinder into the space between the isolation crushing cylinder and the outer crushing cylinder. This achieves that the rice bran comes into contact with the crushing blades in a uniform manner during the circulation flow, and increases the contact frequency between the rice bran and the crushing blades at different positions.

[0029] 4. After the motor of the flow guide assembly is started, the motor uses two symmetrically assembled drive motors to drive the first and second flow guide impellers to rotate in opposite directions. The first and second flow guide impellers draw air from the outside through the through holes to form two opposing fixed airflows. This can cut and press down the rice bran suspended between the top of the inner crushing column and the top of the isolation crushing cylinder, as well as between the top of the isolation crushing cylinder and the outer crushing cylinder, to prevent the rice bran from being scattered by the airflow driven by the crushing blade during the crushing process, and to increase the contact frequency between the crushing blade and the rice bran.

[0030] 5. "The power component drives the inner grinding column and the isolation grinding cylinder to rotate, periodically injecting gas into the interpenetrating cavity. The elastic support body periodically expands outward. During this expansion, the space between the inner grinding column and the isolation grinding cylinder, as well as between the isolation grinding cylinder and the outer grinding cylinder, is adjusted to ensure the rice bran is fully filled, continuously pushing it towards the multi-ring grinding blades." "When the air duct structure consists of multiple annular air bladders that are periodically inflated and deflated, the multiple annular air bladders peristally push the rice bran during periodic expansion. Because the multiple air bladder rings and the multiple ring grinding blades are arranged in a sequential, cross-array distribution, the rice bran is dispersed and pushed towards the grinding blades at multiple points." This combines "the elastic support body periodically expanding outward to adjust the grinding space and push the rice bran" with "multiple annular air bladders periodically expanding and peristally pushing the rice bran in a cross-array distribution with the multiple ring grinding blades." The combination of airbags and crushing blades not only enables dynamic adaptive adjustment of the crushing space according to the amount of rice bran added, but also transforms the original unidirectional overall propulsion into multi-point, multi-batch, wave-like directional pushing through the cross-array distribution of airbag rings and crushing blades. This causes the rice bran to form a pulsating motion trajectory of "being squeezed-being released-being squeezed again" in the crushing chamber. This pulsating motion forms asynchronous interference with the rotational cutting frequency of the crushing blades, effectively preventing rice bran particles from forming a stable inertial motion trajectory under centrifugal force and detaching from the crushing area for a long time. Thus, without increasing the speed of the crushing blades, the average contact frequency between rice bran and crushing blades is increased to several times that of a fixed crushing space, and the rice bran filling density tends to be consistent in various local areas, providing crushed materials with a highly uniform particle size distribution for subsequent quality grading.

[0031] 6. The system combines "guide impeller one and guide impeller two rotating in the same direction to form a fixed airflow for circulating rice bran between the inner and outer grinding cylinders" with "guide impeller one and guide impeller two rotating in opposite directions to form two opposing fixed airflows to press down the suspended rice bran at the top." Two symmetrically assembled drive motors are used to achieve switchable co-directional / reverse operating modes. In co-directional drive mode, the same guide component constructs a vertical circulation loop (outer grinding cylinder → isolation grinding cylinder → back to outer grinding cylinder), while in reverse drive mode, it constructs a top settling and pressing field (outside → cylinder top → downward pressing). When these two modes are alternated sequentially or switched according to the grinding stage, the two airflow fields form mutually responsive airflows within the grinding chamber. The interference of the airflow creates a dynamic gas environment that alternates between turbulent and laminar flow. This alternation prevents the rice bran particles suspended in the middle of the cavity from forming a stable flow trajectory in the circulating airflow and remaining in the dead zone of the airflow for a long time, and also prevents them from quickly settling and accumulating at the bottom under the action of the suppressive airflow. Instead, they are forced to form an oscillating motion of "rising-sinking-rising again" under the alternating action of the two airflow fields. This oscillating motion and the pulsating push of the annular airbag cavity form a phase difference in time, which makes the rice bran push laterally into the cutting area by the airbag ring when it reaches the height of the crushing blade. This realizes the spatiotemporal coupling of airflow delivery positioning and mechanical pushing and positioning, and reduces the residence time of rice bran in an ineffective suspended state.

[0032] 7. The combination of "periodic outward expansion of the elastic support combined with the peristaltic pushing of the annular airbag cavity" and "switching modes of unidirectional circulating airflow and reverse suppressive airflow of the guide assembly," namely, the "pulsating mechanical pushing system of the cross array of airbag rings and crushing blades" and the "unidirectional / reverse switchable dual-mode airflow system of guide impeller one / guide impeller two," is integrated into the same crushing and grading device. A dynamic balance mechanism of mutual compensation is formed between the mechanical pushing system and the airflow system. When the annular airbag cavity is in the inflation and expansion pushing stage, rice bran is densely pushed towards the crushing blade. At this time, the guide assembly switches to the reverse suppressive mode, and two reverse airflows apply downward pressure from the top, which can effectively suppress the scattering and escape caused by a large amount of rice bran being instantly pushed towards the blade due to mechanical pushing. When the annular airbag cavity is in the degassing and contraction stage, the pushing force weakens. At this time, the guide assembly switches to the unidirectional circulating mode, and the circulating air... The flow draws rice bran from the outer cylinder into the inner cylinder and then returns it via the discharge auger, effectively compensating for the insufficient conveying of rice bran during periods of weakened mechanical pushing force. This alternating and complementary working method of mechanical pushing and airflow conveying ensures that, under continuous feeding and crushing conditions, regardless of fluctuations in the amount of rice bran added, there is always at least one active conveying force guiding the rice bran to the crushing blades within the crushing chamber. This completely avoids the problem of a sudden drop in crushing efficiency caused by the failure or fluctuation of a single conveying method in traditional devices. At the same time, because the two conveying methods act in orthogonal directions and complement each other in timing, the rice bran exhibits a random walking distribution in three-dimensional space within the crushing chamber. The density and particle size distribution of rice bran in each local area tend to stabilize over time, achieving a simultaneous and significant improvement in both crushing efficiency and crushing uniformity. This provides a highly stable material foundation for subsequent quality grading. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient and comprehensive utilization of rice by-products of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded view;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the medium crushing and classifying tube assembly and the base;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the Chinese and foreign crushing cylinders and the base;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 2Schematic diagram of the structure of the central isolation pulverizing cylinder;

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the centrally isolated pulverizing cylinder;

[0040] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the centrally isolated pulverizing cylinder;

[0041] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of Chinese and foreign crushing components;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the air duct structure in this invention;

[0043] Figure 10 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle top cover assembly;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guiding component in this invention;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a demonstration diagram of the forward circulating flow guidance component in this invention;

[0046] Figure 13 This is a demonstration diagram of reverse flow guidance of the flow guiding component in this invention.

[0047] In the picture:

[0048] 100-Top cover assembly, 110-Feed pipe, 120-Inner guide cavity, 130-Outer guide cavity, 140-Top cover shell, 150-Isolation ring, 160-Guide port, 161-Through hole, 170-Feed port, 180-Guide assembly, 181-Guide impeller one, 182-Guide impeller two, 183-Motor;

[0049] 200-Pulverizing and classifying tube assembly; 210-Inner pulverizing column; 220-Isolation pulverizing cylinder; 221-Isolation cylinder body; 222-Inner pulverizing component; 223-Outer pulverizing component; 224-Support body; 225-Intercalation cavity; 226-Annular airbag cavity; 227-Air guide tube structure; 230-Outer pulverizing cylinder; 231-Pulverizing component; 240-Pulverizing chamber one; 250-Pulverizing chamber two; 2231-Airbag ring; 2232-Pulverizing blade; 2233-Guide rod; 2271-Air inlet pipe; 2272-Air outlet pipe; 2273-Air outlet; 2274-Air inlet.

[0050] 300 - Base, 310 - Power Component;

[0051] 400 - Forward airflow indicator direction, 500 - Reverse airflow indicator direction, 600 - Intake airflow indicator direction. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figures 1-8 As shown, this embodiment provides an intelligent crushing and grading device for the efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products. It mainly addresses the problem of existing crushing and grading technologies for the recycling and reuse of rice bran, a by-product of rice production. Because rice bran is light, it easily scatters during the crushing process, hindering effective crushing. The device mainly includes a crushing and grading tube assembly 200 and a base 300. The crushing and grading tube assembly 200 includes:

[0055] The outer crushing cylinder 230 is mounted on the base 300 at its bottom and is aligned with the base 300 in a straight line.

[0056] An isolation crushing cylinder 220, located on the central axis of the column inside the outer crushing cylinder 230, is rotatably mounted on the base 300; the isolation crushing cylinder 220 is connected to the power assembly 310 included on the base 300 by power transmission.

[0057] The inner crushing column 210, located on the columnar centerline inside the isolation crushing cylinder 220, is rotatably mounted on the columnar centerline of the base 300; the inner crushing column 210 is connected to the power assembly 310 for power transmission.

[0058] Specifically, the power assembly 310 includes a servo motor, a rotating shaft fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor, and a drive gear fixed on the rotating shaft. The drive gear, through multiple meshing driven gears, transmits power to the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the inner crushing column 210, and provides rotational power to the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the inner crushing column 210, etc.; all of these are prior art, and their detailed structures can be found in existing literature and journals, and can also be purchased directly on the market, or assembled from components purchased on the market, etc.; they are not what this invention is intended to protect, and will not be described in detail here, nor are they shown in the accompanying drawings;

[0059] Therefore, rice bran is added into the inner crushing column 210, the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230 inside the crushing and grading tube assembly 200. After the power component 310 transmits power to the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220, the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220 start to rotate and crush the rice bran located between the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220, as well as between the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230.

[0060] Among them, a crushing component 231 is installed on the inner wall of the outer crushing cylinder 230, and an outer crushing component 223 is installed on the outer wall of both the inner crushing column 210 and the outer wall of the isolation crushing cylinder 220. An inner crushing component 222 is installed on the inner wall of the isolation crushing cylinder 220. The inner crushing component 222, the outer crushing component 223, and the crushing component 231 adopt the same structure. The outer crushing component 223 includes:

[0061] An elastic support body located inside the insertion cavity 225, the elastic support body being cylindrical;

[0062] Multiple rings of crushing blades 2232 are distributed in an array at equal intervals along the elastic support; each ring of crushing blades 2232 has multiple blades, and the multiple crushing blades 2232 are distributed in a ring array on the elastic support.

[0063] It should be noted that the multi-ring crushing blades 2232 on the inner wall of the outer crushing cylinder 230 and the multi-ring crushing blades 2232 on the outer wall of the isolation crushing cylinder 220 are staggered with each other, and the multi-ring crushing blades 2232 on the inner wall of the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the multi-ring crushing blades 2232 on the outer wall of the inner crushing column 210 are staggered with each other.

[0064] Therefore, during the process of the power component 310 driving the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220 to rotate, and crushing the rice bran located between the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220, and between the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230, gas is periodically injected into the insertion cavity 225, and the elastic support body periodically pushes outward to expand. In the process of the elastic support body pushing outward to expand, it can adjust the space between the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220, and between the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230 to ensure that the rice bran is filled, and continuously push the rice bran towards the multi-ring crushing blades 2232, thereby increasing the contact frequency between the rice bran and the crushing blades 2232 at different positions. This allows the crushing space to be adjusted according to the amount of rice bran added, preventing the rice bran from being scattered by the airflow driven by the crushing blades 2232 during the crushing process and escaping from the crushing blades 2232. In addition, the rice bran is continuously pushed towards the multi-ring crushing blades 2232, resulting in a high contact frequency between the crushing blades 2232 and the rice bran, and the rice bran is crushed evenly and with high quality, which is beneficial for quality grading.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and further specifies the external crushing component 223 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220.

[0067] like Figures 5-8 As shown: The external crushing component 223 further includes:

[0068] Multiple airbag rings 2231 are distributed on the elastic support; the multiple airbag rings 2231 and the multiple ring crushing blades 2232 are arranged in a cross array in sequence, and the airbag rings 2231 and the elastic support are both made of rubber.

[0069] An annular airbag cavity 226 is formed in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple airbag rings 2231, and the annular airbag cavity 226 is formed inside the airbag ring 2231.

[0070] like Figures 5-8 As shown: A support body 224 is provided on the outer wall of the isolation pulverizing cylinder 220. An insertion cavity 225 is opened on the support body 224. Multiple guide rods 2233 are fixed inside the insertion cavity 225. The guide rods 2233 are movably inserted into the end of the pulverizing blade 2232. The guide rods 2233 are used for the linear movement of the pulverizing blade 2232. The support body 224 is fixed to the isolation cylinder 221. Multiple air guide tube structures 227 are provided on the support body 224. The multiple air guide tube structures 227 are used to periodically inflate and deflate the insertion cavity 225 and the multiple annular air bladder cavities 226.

[0071] It should be noted that the inner wall of the outer crushing cylinder 230, the inner wall of the isolation crushing cylinder 220, and the outer wall of the inner crushing column 210 are also equipped with the same structures as those on the outer wall of the isolation crushing cylinder 220, such as the support body 224, the insertion cavity 225, the air guide pipe structure 227, etc., which will not be described again here.

[0072] Therefore, when the air duct structure 227 is periodically inflated and deflated by multiple annular air bladders 226 (after the annular air bladders 226 are inflated to the maximum extent, they will not expand to the extent that they affect the surrounding crushing blades 2232), the multiple annular air bladders 226 peristally push the rice bran during periodic expansion. Since the multiple air bladder rings 2231 and the multiple rings of crushing blades 2232 are arranged in a sequential cross array, the rice bran is dispersed and pushed towards the crushing blades 2232 at multiple points, which increases the contact frequency between the rice bran and the crushing blades 2232 at different positions. The rice bran is crushed evenly and with high quality, which is beneficial for quality grading.

[0073] like Figure 9 As shown: The air duct structure 227 includes:

[0074] Intake pipe 2271;

[0075] The exhaust pipe 2272 is sleeved outside the intake pipe 2271. The columnar center line of the intake pipe 2271 and the columnar center line of the exhaust pipe 2272 are on the same straight line. The intake pipe 2271 and the exhaust pipe 2272 are fixed together by multiple fixing rods.

[0076] Multiple air vents 2273 are arranged in an array along the air vent pipe 2272; the air vents 2273 are formed on the air vent pipe 2272; the air vents 2273 are used to connect the interior of the air vent pipe 2272 to the exterior of the air vent pipe 2272.

[0077] Multiple air inlets 2274 are arranged in an array along the air outlet pipe 2272; the air inlets 2274 are formed on a column, which is inserted into the pipe wall of the air inlet pipe 2271 and the air outlet pipe 2272; the air inlets 2274 are used to connect the inside of the air inlet pipe 2271 to the outside of the air outlet pipe 2272.

[0078] Therefore, when the multiple annular air bladder cavities 226 are periodically inflated and deflated, the multiple air outlets 2273 and multiple air inlets 2274 correspond one-to-one with the multiple annular air bladder cavities 226; when inflating, the air intake speed of the air inlet 2274 is greater than the air exhaust speed of the air outlet 2273; when deflating, the air inlet 2274 stops intake.

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown: A second crushing chamber 250 is provided between the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220, and a first crushing chamber 240 is provided between the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] This embodiment adds the following to embodiment 1 or 2:

[0082] The intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products also includes a top cover assembly 100, which is detachably installed on the crushing and grading tube assembly 200. The top cover assembly 100 includes a top cover shell 140, which is unidirectionally open. An isolation ring 150 is fixed inside the top cover shell 140, which is used to divide the space inside the top cover shell 140 into an inner guide cavity 120 and an outer guide cavity 130. The inner guide cavity 120 is directed towards the space between the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220. The outer guide cavity 130 is directed towards the space between the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230.

[0083] like Figure 10 As shown: The top cover assembly 100 is provided with a feed pipe 110, which is inserted and fixed on the top cover shell 140 and the isolation ring 150. The feed pipe 110 has two feed ports 170. One feed port 170 is located inside the outer guide cavity 130 and is used to provide rice bran material between the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230. The other feed port 170 is located inside the inner guide cavity 120 and is used to provide rice bran material between the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220.

[0084] like Figures 10-13As shown: The isolation ring 150 has multiple flow guide ports 160, which are distributed in a ring array around the isolation ring 150; the flow guide ports 160 are used to connect the inner flow guide cavity 120 and the outer flow guide cavity 130; a flow guide assembly 180 is installed inside the flow guide port 160, which is used to regulate the gas flow inside the inner flow guide cavity 120 and the outer flow guide cavity 130.

[0085] like Figures 11-13 As shown: The flow guiding component 180 includes:

[0086] Motor 183, which is composed of two drive motors symmetrically assembled together, and the drive motors are forward and reverse motors;

[0087] A guide impeller 181 is mounted on the output shaft of a drive motor on one side.

[0088] The second guide impeller 182 is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor on the other side.

[0089] It should be noted that the drive motor and its power supply wiring method are existing technologies. Their detailed structure can be found in existing literature and journals, and they can also be purchased directly on the market, or components can be purchased on the market to assemble them, etc. They are not what this invention is intended to protect, and will not be described in detail here, nor are they shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0090] like Figure 12 As shown: A through hole 161 is provided on the side wall of the flow guide 160. The through hole 161 is used to connect the inside of the flow guide 160 to the outside of the top cover shell 140.

[0091] The bottom of the isolation crushing cylinder 220 is provided with multiple through holes, and a discharge auger is installed inside the through holes. The through holes are used to connect the inside and outside of the isolation crushing cylinder 220. The bottom of the outer crushing cylinder 230 is provided with multiple vent holes, and solenoid valves are installed on the through holes 161 and the vent holes.

[0092] Of course, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the auger also needs to be provided with a power unit to enable it to work properly, and as is well known to those skilled in the art, the provision of such power is commonplace and is a conventional means or common knowledge, so it will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0093] Therefore, please refer to Figure 12After the flow guiding assembly 180 starts the motor 183, the motor 183 drives the first flow guiding impeller 181 and the second flow guiding impeller 182 in the same direction. The first flow guiding impeller 181 and the second flow guiding impeller 182 form a fixed airflow. If the flow is directed in the direction indicated by the flow guiding indicator 400, the rice bran between the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230 can be gradually drawn up and sent into the space between the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220. Then, the discharge auger is started, which can gradually send the rice bran between the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220 into the space between the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230. This allows the rice bran to come into contact with the crushing blade 2232 in a uniform manner during the circulation flow, thereby increasing the contact frequency between the rice bran and the crushing blade 2232 at different positions.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 13 After the flow guiding assembly 180 starts the motor 183, the motor 183 uses two symmetrically assembled drive motors to drive the first flow guiding impeller 181 and the second flow guiding impeller 182 to rotate in opposite directions. The first flow guiding impeller 181 and the second flow guiding impeller 182 draw air from the outside through the through hole 161 (such as the airflow direction 600) to form two opposing fixed airflows. If the airflow direction is reversed, such as the flow guiding direction 500, the airflow can cut and press down the suspended rice bran between the top of the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220, and between the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230, thus preventing the rice bran from being scattered by the airflow driven by the crushing blade 2232 during the crushing process (it should be noted that the continuously input airflow can be discharged through multiple exhaust holes), thereby increasing the contact frequency between the crushing blade 2232 and the rice bran.

[0095] In summary: "The power component 310 drives the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220 to rotate, periodically injecting gas into the penetration cavity 225. The elastic support body periodically pushes outward and expands. During the outward expansion of the elastic support body, the space between the inner crushing column 210 and the isolation crushing cylinder 220, as well as between the isolation crushing cylinder 220 and the outer crushing cylinder 230, is adjusted to ensure that the rice bran is filled and continuously pushed towards the multi-ring crushing blades 2232." "When the air guide tube structure 227 periodically inflates and deflates multiple annular air bladder cavities 226, the multiple annular air bladder cavities 226 peristally push the rice bran during periodic expansion. Since the multiple air bladder rings 2231 and the multiple ring crushing blades 2232 are arranged in a sequentially cross array, the rice bran is dispersed and pushed towards the crushing blades 2232 at multiple points." This combines "the elastic support body periodically pushing outward to adjust the crushing space and push the rice bran" with "the multiple annular air bladder cavities 226 periodically expanding and expanding." The combination of "expansion and peristaltic propulsion and cross-array distribution of multi-ring crushing blades 2232" not only achieves dynamic adaptive adjustment of the crushing space according to the amount of rice bran added, but also transforms the original unidirectional overall propulsion into multi-point, multi-batch, wave-like directional pushing through the cross-array distribution of the airbag ring 2231 and the crushing blades 2232. This causes the rice bran to form a pulsating motion trajectory of "being squeezed-being released-being squeezed again" in the crushing chamber. This pulsating motion forms asynchronous interference with the rotational cutting frequency of the crushing blades 2232, effectively preventing the rice bran particles from forming a stable inertial motion trajectory under the action of centrifugal force and leaving the crushing area for a long time. Thus, without increasing the speed of the crushing blades, the average contact frequency between the rice bran and the crushing blades 2232 is increased to several times that of the fixed crushing space, and the rice bran filling density tends to be consistent in various local areas, providing crushed material with a highly uniform particle size distribution for subsequent quality grading.

[0096] The combination of "guide impeller 181 and guide impeller 2182 rotating in the same direction to form a fixed airflow to achieve the circulation and transportation of rice bran between the inner and outer grinding cylinders" and "guide impeller 181 and guide impeller 2182 rotating in opposite directions to form two opposing fixed airflows to press down the suspended rice bran at the top" and employing two symmetrically assembled drive motors to achieve switchable working modes of co-directional and reverse direction, with the same guide component 180 constructing a vertical circulation loop in co-directional drive mode (outer grinding cylinder 230 → isolation grinding cylinder 220 → back to outer grinding cylinder 230), while constructing a top settling and pressing field in reverse drive mode (outside → cylinder top → downward pressing), when these two modes are alternated sequentially or switched according to the grinding stage, the two airflow fields in the grinding chamber The internal airflow interference forms a dynamic gas environment with alternating turbulence and laminar flow. This alternation prevents the rice bran particles suspended in the middle of the cavity from forming a stable flow trajectory in the circulating airflow and remaining in the airflow dead zone for a long time, and also prevents them from quickly settling and accumulating at the bottom under the action of the suppressive airflow. Instead, they are forced to form an oscillating motion of "rising-sinking-rising again" under the alternating action of the two airflow fields. This oscillating motion and the pulsating push of the annular airbag cavity 226 form a phase difference in time, which makes the rice bran be pushed laterally into the cutting area by the airbag ring 2231 when it reaches the height of the crushing blade 2232. This realizes the spatiotemporal coupling of airflow delivery positioning and mechanical pushing positioning, and reduces the residence time of rice bran in the ineffective suspension state.

[0097] The combination of "periodic outward expansion of the elastic support body in conjunction with the peristaltic pushing of the annular air bladder 226" and "switching modes of unidirectional circulating airflow and reverse suppressive airflow of the guide assembly 180," namely, the "pulsating mechanical pushing system of the cross array of air bladder ring 2231 and crushing blade 2232" and the "unidirectional / reverse switchable dual-mode airflow system of guide impeller 181 / guide impeller 282," is integrated into the same crushing and grading device. A dynamic balance mechanism of mutual compensation is formed between the mechanical pushing system and the airflow system. When the annular air bladder 226 is in the inflation and expansion pushing stage, rice bran is densely pushed towards the crushing blade 2232. At this time, the guide assembly 180 switches to the reverse suppressive mode, and two reverse airflows apply downward pressure from the top, which can effectively suppress the scattering and escape caused by a large amount of rice bran being instantly pushed towards the blade due to mechanical pushing. When the annular air bladder 226 is in the degassing and contraction stage, the pushing force weakens. At this time, the guide assembly 180 cuts Switching to the same-direction circulation mode, the circulating airflow draws rice bran from the outer cylinder 230 and sends it into the inner cylinder 210, then returns it via the discharge auger. This effectively compensates for the insufficient conveying of rice bran during periods of reduced mechanical pushing force. This alternating dominance and mutual supplementation of mechanical pushing and airflow conveying ensures that, under continuous feeding and continuous crushing conditions, regardless of fluctuations in the amount of rice bran added, there is always at least one active conveying force in the crushing chamber guiding the rice bran to the crushing blade 2232. This completely avoids the problem of a sudden drop in crushing efficiency caused by the failure or fluctuation of a single conveying method in traditional devices. At the same time, because the two conveying methods act in orthogonal directions and complement each other in timing, the rice bran exhibits a random walking distribution in three-dimensional space within the crushing chamber. The density and particle size distribution of rice bran in each local area tend to stabilize over time, achieving a simultaneous and significant improvement in both crushing efficiency and crushing uniformity. This provides a highly stable material basis for subsequent quality grading.

[0098] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0099] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products, comprising a crushing and grading tube assembly (200) and a base (300), wherein the crushing and grading tube assembly (200) comprises: The outer crushing cylinder (230) is mounted on the base (300) at its bottom and is in the same straight line as the base (300); An isolation crushing cylinder (220) located on the central axis of the column inside the outer crushing cylinder (230) is rotatably mounted on the base (300); the isolation crushing cylinder (220) is connected to the power assembly (310) included on the base (300) by power transmission. An inner crushing column (210) is located on the columnar centerline inside the isolation crushing cylinder (220), and is rotatably mounted on the columnar centerline of the base (300); the inner crushing column (210) is connected to the power assembly (310) for power transmission. The feature is that a crushing component (231) is installed on the inner wall of the outer crushing cylinder (230), an outer crushing component (223) is installed on the outer wall of the inner crushing column (210) and the outer wall of the isolation crushing cylinder (220), and an inner crushing component (222) is installed on the inner wall of the isolation crushing cylinder (220). The inner crushing component (222), the outer crushing component (223) and the crushing component (231) adopt the same structure. The outer crushing component (223) includes: An elastic support body located inside the insertion cavity (225) is cylindrical; Multiple ring crushing blades (2232) are distributed in an array at equal intervals along the elastic support; each ring of crushing blades (2232) is provided with multiple blades, and multiple crushing blades (2232) are distributed in a ring array on the elastic support.

2. The intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external crushing component (223) also includes: Multiple airbag rings (2231) are distributed on the elastic support; the multiple airbag rings (2231) and the multiple ring crushing blades (2232) are arranged in a cross array in sequence, and the airbag rings (2231) and the elastic support are both made of rubber; An annular airbag cavity (226) is formed in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple airbag rings (2231), and the annular airbag cavity (226) is formed inside the airbag ring (2231).

3. The intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the isolation crushing cylinder (220) is provided with a support body (224), and an insertion cavity (225) is opened on the support body (224). Multiple guide rods (2233) are fixed inside the insertion cavity (225). The guide rods (2233) are movably inserted into the end of the crushing blade (2232). The guide rods (2233) are used for the linear movement of the crushing blade (2232). The support body (224) is fixed on the isolation cylinder (221). Multiple air guide tube structures (227) are provided on the support body (224). The multiple air guide tube structures (227) are used to periodically inflate and deflate the insertion cavity (225) and multiple annular air bladder cavities (226).

4. The intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air duct structure (227) includes: Intake pipe (2271); An exhaust pipe (2272) is sleeved outside the intake pipe (2271). The columnar center line of the intake pipe (2271) and the columnar center line of the exhaust pipe (2272) are on the same straight line. The intake pipe (2271) and the exhaust pipe (2272) are fixed together by multiple fixing rods. Multiple vent holes (2273) are arranged in an array along the vent pipe (2272); the vent holes (2273) are formed on the vent pipe (2272); the vent holes (2273) are used to connect the interior of the vent pipe (2272) to the exterior of the vent pipe (2272); Multiple air inlets (2274) are arranged in an array along the air outlet pipe (2272); the air inlets (2274) are formed on a column, which is inserted into the pipe wall of the air inlet pipe (2271) and the air outlet pipe (2272); the air inlets (2274) are used to connect the inside of the air inlet pipe (2271) to the outside of the air outlet pipe (2272).

5. The intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products according to claim 4, characterized in that, A second crushing chamber (250) is provided between the inner crushing column (210) and the isolation crushing cylinder (220), and a first crushing chamber (240) is provided between the isolation crushing cylinder (220) and the outer crushing cylinder (230).

6. The intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a top cover assembly (100), which is detachably mounted on the crushing and grading tube assembly (200); the top cover assembly (100) includes a top cover shell (140), which is unidirectionally open; an isolation ring (150) is fixed inside the top cover shell (140), which is used to divide the space inside the top cover shell (140) into an inner guide cavity (120) and an outer guide cavity (130); the inner guide cavity (120) is directed towards the space between the inner crushing column (210) and the isolation crushing cylinder (220); the outer guide cavity (130) is directed towards the space between the isolation crushing cylinder (220) and the outer crushing cylinder (230).

7. The intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top cover assembly (100) is provided with a feed pipe (110), which is inserted and fixed on the top cover shell (140) and the isolation ring (150). The feed pipe (110) has two feed ports (170). One feed port (170) is located inside the outer guide cavity (130) and is used to provide rice bran material between the isolation crushing cylinder (220) and the outer crushing cylinder (230). The other feed port (170) is located inside the inner guide cavity (120) and is used to provide rice bran material between the inner crushing column (210) and the isolation crushing cylinder (220).

8. The intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products according to claim 7, characterized in that, The isolation ring (150) has multiple flow guide ports (160) arranged in a ring array around the isolation ring (150). The flow guide ports (160) are used to connect the inner flow guide cavity (120) and the outer flow guide cavity (130). A flow guide assembly (180) is installed inside the flow guide port (160), which is used to regulate the gas flow inside the inner flow guide cavity (120) and the outer flow guide cavity (130).

9. The intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flow guiding component (180) includes: The motor (183) is composed of two drive motors symmetrically assembled together, and the drive motors are forward and reverse motors; A guide impeller (181) is mounted on the output shaft of a drive motor on one side; The second guide impeller (182) is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor on the other side.

10. The intelligent crushing and grading device for efficient comprehensive utilization of rice by-products according to claim 8, characterized in that, A through hole (161) is provided on the side wall of the flow guide (160), and the through hole (161) is used to connect the inside of the flow guide (160) to the outside of the top cover shell (140); The bottom of the isolation crushing cylinder (220) is provided with multiple through holes, and a discharge auger is installed inside the through holes. The through holes are used to connect the inside and outside of the isolation crushing cylinder (220). The bottom of the outer crushing cylinder (230) is provided with multiple exhaust holes, and solenoid valves are installed on the through holes (161) and exhaust holes.

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