A multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing an anti-icing metal nanomaterial

Abstract

The application discloses a powder multistage grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanometer materials, and relates to the technical field of nanometer material grinding devices. The powder multistage grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanometer materials comprises a base and a grinding bin installed on the top of the base, a grinding mechanism is installed in the grinding bin, the grinding mechanism has two-stage grinding structure, on the basis of the primary grinding function of a traditional super-micro pulverizer, the grinding structure of upper and lower double gear rings and hammer heads is designed, and a flow guide structure is matched, so that the powder blown up by airflow after primary grinding in the lower layer is classified through the classification structure, the remaining particles can fall into the secondary grinding structure for regrinding, and the particles will not be directly recycled for grinding in the primary grinding structure, in the case that the material is relatively large, the separated grinding can avoid the mixing of the particles after primary grinding and the unground material, the material grinding effect is affected, and the load of the primary grinding mechanism is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nanomaterial grinding equipment technology, specifically a multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials. Background Technology

[0002] Anti-icing metallic nanomaterials, with their excellent hydrophobic anti-icing properties, thermal conductivity, weather resistance, and mechanical properties, are widely used in anti-icing protection fields such as wind turbine blades, power transmission facilities, rail transit, and outdoor steel structures. In the production and preparation of anti-icing metallic nanomaterials, ultrafine grinding is the core processing step. The uniformity and fineness of the powder particles after grinding directly determine the dispersibility, coating performance, and final anti-icing effect of the nanomaterials. Therefore, the processing performance of ultrafine grinding equipment is crucial to product quality.

[0003] Currently, existing ultrafine pulverizers for processing metal nanomaterials only employ a single-layer hammer grinding structure, which has significant technical drawbacks. Firstly, in this grinding mode, if the ground powder fails to pass through the classification device, it will fall back onto the grinding structure for further grinding. This single-stage grinding structure achieves cyclic grinding, but unground raw materials and coarse particles accumulate together, leading to concentrated grinding load, high energy consumption, uneven powder fineness, and low grinding efficiency. Secondly, traditional grinding equipment has poor adaptability, only capable of performing a single type of grinding operation. It cannot flexibly switch grinding modes according to the amount of raw material input and fineness requirements. Energy consumption is severely wasted in small-batch, low-fineness operations, while grinding accuracy is insufficient in large-batch, high-fineness operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials, which solves the problems existing in the processing of existing ultrafine pulverizers.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-stage grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials, comprising a base and a grinding chamber mounted on its top, wherein a grinding mechanism is installed inside the grinding chamber, and the grinding mechanism has a two-stage grinding structure. The first-stage grinding structure includes a first-stage gear ring, a first-stage cutter disc, and a first-stage hammer. The first-stage gear ring is mounted on the inner wall of the grinding chamber, the first-stage cutter disc is rotatably placed on a support ring on the inner wall of the grinding chamber, and a plurality of first-stage hammers are circumferentially mounted around the top periphery of the first-stage cutter disc. A guide ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grinding chamber and above the primary grinding structure. The powder ground by the primary grinding structure is driven upward by the airflow outside the guide ring. The secondary grinding structure includes a secondary gear ring, a secondary cutter disc, and secondary hammers. The secondary gear ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the guide ring. The secondary cutter disc is rotatably set at the center of the secondary gear ring. Several secondary hammers are circumferentially installed around the top of the secondary cutter disc. A drive shaft is fixedly connected through the center of the primary cutter head. The top of the drive shaft is connected to the bottom center of the secondary cutter head through a secondary cutter head connecting structure. The secondary cutter head connecting structure allows the drive shaft to drive the secondary cutter head to rotate in only one direction. When the drive shaft drives the secondary cutter head connecting structure to rotate, it pushes the secondary cutter head connecting structure upward. When the drive shaft does not drive the secondary cutter head connecting structure to rotate, the secondary cutter head connecting structure slides down, increasing the gap between the edge of the secondary cutter head and the secondary gear ring.

[0006] Preferably, the top of both the primary cutter head and the secondary cutter head is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the primary hammer head and the secondary hammer head, and a notch is provided on the side of the primary hammer head away from the center. A ventilation hole communicating with the notch is provided through the bottom of the mounting groove on the primary cutter head, and a conical guide ring is fixedly connected to the top of the guide ring.

[0007] Preferably, the secondary cutter head connection structure includes: A flange sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the drive shaft. The outer side of the flange sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the secondary cutter head by bolts, and multiple fixed helical teeth are fixedly connected to the inner side of the flange sleeve. A ratchet disc is fixedly connected to the top of the drive shaft, and multiple ratchet teeth are rotatably connected to the side of the ratchet disc in a circumferential manner. The rotation angle of the ratchet teeth is limited by a limiting groove on the side of the ratchet disc. When the ratchet teeth rotate to the point where their tips abut against the inclined surface of the fixed helical teeth, the inclined surfaces first push the flange sleeve upward, and then push the flange sleeve to rotate.

[0008] Preferably, a flange is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the drive shaft, and the flange is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first-stage cutter head by bolts. A first motor is fixedly connected to the rear side of the top of the base, and the output end of the first motor is connected to the bottom end of the drive shaft through a transmission structure.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom outer side of the grinding chamber is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe, the top sealing cover of the grinding chamber is provided with a flip cover, the top of the flip cover is fixedly connected to a powder outlet cover, the top of the powder outlet cover is fixedly connected to a second motor, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to a grading structure, and the grading structure extends through to the bottom of the flip cover.

[0010] Preferably, a lifting frame is fixedly connected to the top rear side of the flip cover, a bracket is fixedly connected to the top rear side of the base, and the top of the bracket is rotatably connected to the middle of the lifting frame. An electric push rod is also fixedly connected to the top rear side of the base, and the top of the electric push rod is slidably connected to the rear end of the lifting frame.

[0011] Preferably, a feeding mechanism is fixedly connected to the right side of the grinding chamber and above the first-stage gear ring, and a feeding hopper for feeding anti-icing metal nanomaterial raw materials is fixedly connected to the top of the feeding end of the base. A stand is fixedly connected to the right side of the base, and a reduction motor for driving the feeding mechanism is fixedly connected to the side of the stand.

[0012] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes: The vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed hopper; The horizontal tube is fixedly connected to the bottom left side of the vertical tube; The feeding auger is rotatably installed inside the horizontal tube; The scraper toothed roller is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the inner cavity of the vertical cylinder, and one end of the scraper toothed roller is coaxially and fixedly connected to the feeding auger. The other end of the scraper toothed roller extends through to the outside of the vertical cylinder and is fixedly connected to the output end of the geared motor through a coupling. The partition is fixedly connected inside the vertical cylinder and located above the connection between the feeding auger and the scraper roller; The scraper is fixedly connected between the right side of the partition and the inner wall of the vertical cylinder, and the teeth of the scraper and the scraper roller are misaligned. The support plate is fixedly connected between the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the vertical cylinder, and the support plate is perpendicularly inserted into and fixedly connected to the scraper.

[0013] Preferably, the partition plate has a through groove at the top of the scraper, and the inner wall of the vertical cylinder and the right side of the partition plate are rotatably connected to a flap that covers the through groove. The rear end of the bottom shaft of the flap plate extends through to the rear side of the vertical cylinder and is fixedly connected to a lever. The other end of the lever is rotatably connected to a threaded positioning handle. The rear wall of the vertical cylinder and the left side of the flap plate have a screw hole for the threaded positioning handle to be screwed in and fixed.

[0014] This invention provides a multi-stage powder grinding apparatus for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: 1. This multi-stage grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials, based on the traditional single-stage grinding function of an ultrafine pulverizer, is designed with an upper and lower double toothed ring and hammer grinding structure, combined with a flow guiding structure. This allows the powder blown up by the airflow after primary grinding to be classified by the grading structure, and the remaining particles can fall into the secondary grinding structure for further grinding, instead of directly returning to the primary grinding structure for recycling. When there is a large amount of material, separate grinding can prevent particles from primary grinding from mixing with unground material, which would affect the grinding effect and reduce the load on the primary grinding mechanism. At the same time, the secondary grinding mechanism can grind finer particles. While the secondary grinding mechanism and the primary grinding structure are driven by the same drive shaft, the unidirectional driving effect is limited. The secondary grinding mechanism can also automatically separate when not grinding. That is, when there is not much material to be ground or the required grinding fineness is not high, only the primary grinding mechanism can be used. When there is a large amount of material or a higher particle size is required, both grinding structures can work simultaneously, only requiring control of forward and reverse rotation. It has a wide range of applications.

[0015] 2. The multi-stage grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials employs a two-stage cutter head connection structure. A ratchet structure enables unidirectional drive, and improvements have been made to allow for longitudinal movement alongside unidirectional drive. Before the ratchet rotates forward to drive the secondary cutter head, it pushes the secondary cutter head upward, aligning the upper secondary hammer with the secondary gear ring and reducing the gap between them. This prevents material from sliding directly out of the gap, ensuring normal secondary grinding operation. When the ratchet rotates in reverse, without driving the secondary cutter head, it loses the ratchet's thrust and falls naturally. The increased gap between the secondary cutter head and gear ring, combined with the conical structure at the top of the secondary cutter head, allows material to slide directly back into the primary grinding structure for cyclic grinding. The structure is simple and practical, meeting various grinding needs.

[0016] 3. The feeding mechanism of this multi-stage grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials adds a primary crushing structure composed of a scraper roller and a scraper to the existing technology that only uses auger feeding. When feeding lumpy materials, the scraper roller can continuously scrape off the surface of the material, hanging the lumpy material into chips, which are then pushed into the grinding chamber by the feeding auger for grinding, thus increasing the applicability of the device. If the material fed directly is chip material that does not require primary crushing, the vertical cylinder can be separated by lowering the flap, so that the material does not fall onto the scraper roller, but slides directly into the horizontal tube for feeding, improving feeding efficiency and reducing the material residue between the scraper roller teeth. This allows the feeding mechanism 7 to have two feeding modes for different material forms, and the operation is simple and convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is the assembly drawing of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a partial structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the hierarchical structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the primary and secondary grinding structures of the grinding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the primary grinding structure of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the drive shaft and the secondary cutter head of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the two-stage cutter head connection structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a rear view of the vertical cylinder and lever of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Grinding chamber, 21. Support ring, 3. Flip cover, 4. Powder outlet cover, 5. Air inlet pipe, 6. Feeding hopper, 7. Feeding mechanism, 8. Grinding mechanism, 9. First motor, 10. Second motor, 11. Lifting frame, 12. Support frame, 13. Electric push rod, 14. Vertical frame, 15. Gear motor, 16. Grading structure; 71 Vertical cylinder, 72 Horizontal pipe, 73 Feeding auger, 74 Scraper toothed roller, 75 Partition plate, 76 Scraper, 77 Support plate, 78 Through groove, 79 Flip plate, 710 Lever, 711 Threaded positioning handle; 81 Primary gear ring, 82 Primary cutter head, 821 Mounting groove, 822 Ventilation hole, 83 Primary hammer, 831 Notch, 84 Guide ring, 85 Secondary gear ring, 86 Secondary cutter head, 87 Flange, 88 Secondary cutter head connection structure, 881 Flange sleeve, 882 Fixed helical tooth, 883 Ratchet disc, 884 Ratchet tooth, 89 Secondary hammer, 810 Guide top ring, 811 Support ring, 812 Leakage groove, 813 Drive shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] This invention discloses a multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials, and provides the following three technical solutions: See Figures 1-7 The present invention illustrates a first embodiment: including a base 1 and a grinding chamber 2 installed on its top. The grinding chamber 2 is a hollow vertical cavity structure, and a grinding mechanism 8 for classifying and grinding anti-icing metal nanomaterial raw materials is integrated inside. An air inlet pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer side of the grinding chamber 2. The top sealing cover of the grinding chamber 2 is provided with a flip cover 3. The flip cover 3 is sealed and fitted to the top end face of the grinding chamber 2 to ensure the sealing of the grinding process and prevent powder leakage. A powder outlet cover 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the flip cover 3. A second motor 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the powder outlet cover 4. A classification structure 16 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 10, and the classification structure 16 extends through to the bottom of the flip cover 3. The classification structure 16 is driven by the second motor 10 to rotate at high speed, which can classify the particle size of the ground powder, screen out the finished powder that meets the fineness requirements, and return unqualified coarse particles for secondary grinding. To facilitate the opening and closing of the flip cover 3 and make it easier for equipment inspection, cleaning and maintenance, a lifting frame 11 is fixedly connected to the rear top of the flip cover 3, and a bracket 12 is fixedly connected to the rear top of the base 1. The top of the bracket 12 is rotatably connected to the middle of the lifting frame 11, forming the flip support structure of the flip cover 3. An electric push rod 13 is also fixedly connected to the rear top of the base 1, and the top of the electric push rod 13 is slidably connected to the rear end of the lifting frame 11. Through the extension and retraction of the electric push rod 13, the lifting frame 11 can be driven to rotate around the top of the bracket 12, thereby realizing the automatic opening and closing of the flip cover 3. It is convenient to operate and has strong stability. A feeding mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to the right side of the grinding chamber 2 and above the first-stage gear ring 81. A feeding hopper 6 for feeding anti-icing metal nanomaterial raw materials is fixedly connected to the top of the feeding end of the base 1. A stand 14 is fixedly connected to the right side of the base 1, and a reduction motor 15 for driving the feeding mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to the side of the stand 14. The grinding mechanism 8 has a two-stage grinding structure. The first-stage grinding structure includes a first-stage gear ring 81, a first-stage cutter disc 82, and a first-stage hammer head 83. The first-stage gear ring 81 is installed on the inner wall of the grinding chamber 2. The first-stage cutter disc 82 is rotatably placed on the support ring 21 on the inner wall of the grinding chamber 2. Several first-stage hammer heads 83 are circumferentially installed on the top periphery of the first-stage cutter disc 82 and rotate synchronously at high speed with the first-stage cutter disc 82. They work with the first-stage gear ring 81 to achieve the primary impact, shearing, and grinding operations of the raw materials. A guide ring 84 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grinding chamber 2 and above the primary grinding structure. The guide ring 84 is an annular guide component that can guide the airflow of powder after primary grinding, so that the powder after primary grinding flows upward along the outer side of the guide ring 84 and avoids the powder from drifting randomly. The secondary grinding structure includes a secondary toothed ring 85, a secondary cutter disc 86, and secondary hammers 89. The secondary toothed ring 85 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the guide ring 84. The secondary cutter disc 86 is rotatably set at the center of the secondary toothed ring 85. Several secondary hammers 89 are circumferentially installed on the top periphery of the secondary cutter disc 86 and rotate synchronously with the secondary cutter disc 86 to perform fine secondary grinding on the coarse particles after primary grinding in conjunction with the secondary toothed ring 85. A drive shaft 813 is fixedly connected through the center of the primary cutter head 82. A flange 87 is fixedly fitted in the middle of the drive shaft 813, and the flange 87 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the primary cutter head 82 by bolts. The top of the drive shaft 813 is connected to the bottom center of the secondary cutter head 86 through a secondary cutter head connecting structure 88, realizing the coaxial linkage between the primary and secondary grinding structures. Only a single drive shaft is needed to complete the power input for both grinding structures, simplifying the equipment transmission structure. The secondary cutter head connecting structure 88 allows the drive shaft 813 to drive the secondary cutter head 86 to rotate in only one direction. While driving the secondary cutter head connecting structure 88 to rotate, the drive shaft 813 pushes the secondary cutter head connecting structure 88 upward. When the drive shaft 813 does not drive the secondary cutter head connecting structure 88 to rotate, the secondary cutter head connecting structure 88 slides down, increasing the gap between the edge of the secondary cutter head 86 and the secondary gear ring 85. A first motor 9 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the top of the base 1. The output end of the first motor 9 is connected to the bottom end of the drive shaft 813 through a transmission structure.

[0021] Both the first-stage cutter head 82 and the second-stage cutter head 86 have mounting grooves 821 on their tops for mounting the first-stage hammer head 83 and the second-stage hammer head 89, respectively. The first-stage hammer head 83 has a notch 831 on its side away from the center. The mounting groove 821 on the first-stage cutter head 82 has a ventilation hole 822 that connects to the notch 831. This can form a through ventilation channel during the grinding process. Combined with the airflow from the bottom air inlet pipe 5, this accelerates the suspension and conveying of powder. At the same time, it can ventilate and dissipate heat from the grinding hammer head, reducing the impact of high grinding temperatures on the performance of nanomaterials. The top of the guide ring 84 is fixedly connected to a conical guide top ring 810, which can gather and guide the rising powder airflow, optimize the powder sorting path, and improve the classification efficiency.

[0022] The working principle of the device in this embodiment is as follows: When the equipment is working, the raw material of the anti-icing metal nanomaterial to be ground is fed into the feed hopper 6 and conveyed at a constant speed to the inside of the grinding chamber 2 by the feeding mechanism 7. The first motor 9 drives the drive shaft 813 to rotate in the forward high speed, which synchronously drives the first-stage cutter head 82 and the second-stage cutter head 86 to rotate synchronously. The raw material first enters the first-stage grinding structure and completes the primary grinding through the impact and shearing action of the first-stage hammer head 83 and the first-stage toothed ring 81. The air inlet pipe 5 continuously sends air into the grinding chamber 2, blowing the powder after primary grinding upward along the outside of the guide ring 84. After being graded and screened by the top grading structure 16, the powder that meets the fineness standard is discharged and collected by the powder outlet hood 4, while the coarse particles that do not meet the standard fall back into the inside of the second-stage grinding structure.

[0023] At this time, the secondary cutter head 86 is in an upward working state, and the gap between the secondary hammer head 89 and the secondary gear ring 85 is small, which can perform secondary fine grinding on the falling coarse particles, greatly improving the fineness of powder grinding. When the amount of raw material is small, or the process requires a lower grinding fineness, the first motor 9 can be controlled to rotate in reverse, the secondary cutter head connecting structure 88 stops power transmission and slides down, the gap between the secondary cutter head 86 and the secondary gear ring 85 increases, and the raw material and grinding particles can directly pass through the gap and fall back to the primary grinding structure, completing a single grinding operation only through the primary grinding structure.

[0024] This device, based on the traditional single-stage grinding function of an ultrafine pulverizer, features a grinding structure with upper and lower toothed rings and hammers, along with a flow guiding structure. This allows the powder, after being blown up by the airflow in the lower primary grinding stage, to fall into the secondary grinding stage for further grinding after passing through the 16-stage grading structure. Instead of directly returning to the primary grinding stage for recycling, this separate grinding prevents particles from the primary grinding stage from mixing with unground material, which would affect the grinding effect and reduce the load on the primary grinding mechanism. The secondary grinding stage can also grind finer particles. While sharing the same drive shaft 813 with the primary grinding stage, the secondary grinding stage limits the unidirectional driving effect. Furthermore, the secondary grinding stage can automatically separate when not grinding. This means that when there is little material to grind or the required fineness is not high, only the primary grinding stage can be used. When there is a large amount of material or a higher particle size is required, both grinding stages can operate simultaneously, requiring only forward and reverse rotation control. This design offers a wide range of applications.

[0025] See Figure 8 and Figure 9 The present invention also illustrates a second embodiment, which is basically the same as the main structure, overall assembly relationship and working principle of Embodiment 1, except that: this embodiment specifically defines the specific structure of the secondary cutter head connection structure 88, which includes: Flange sleeve 881 is fitted on the outside of drive shaft 813. The outer side of flange sleeve 881 is fixedly connected to the bottom of secondary cutter head 86 by bolts, and multiple fixed helical teeth 882 are fixedly connected to the inner side of flange sleeve 881. The ratchet disc 883 is fixedly connected to the top of the drive shaft 813, and multiple ratchet teeth 884 are rotatably connected to the side of the ratchet disc 883. The side of the ratchet disc 883 restricts the rotation angle of the ratchet teeth 884 through the opening of the limiting groove, ensuring that the ratchet teeth 884 can only swing within the set range to achieve precise unidirectional transmission. When the ratchet teeth 884 rotate to the tip abutting the inclined surface of the fixed helical tooth 882, the inclined surface is first used to push the flange sleeve 881 to move upward, and then pushes the flange sleeve 881 to rotate.

[0026] The specific working process of the secondary cutter head connection structure 88 is as follows: When the drive shaft 813 rotates in the forward direction, the ratchet disc 883 rotates synchronously in the forward direction. The ratchet tooth 884 rotates to its limit position due to the limiting groove, and its tip abuts against the guide slope of the fixed helical tooth 882. Under the action of the slope, the flange sleeve 881 and the entire secondary cutter head 86 are first pushed to move upward longitudinally, reducing the fit clearance between the secondary cutter head 86 and the secondary gear ring 85, and eliminating the gap for material powder leakage. As the ratchet disc 883 continues to rotate, the ratchet tooth 884 clamps the fixed helical tooth 882, driving the flange sleeve 881 and the secondary cutter head 86 to rotate synchronously at high speed, completing the secondary grinding operation.

[0027] When the drive shaft 813 rotates in the reverse direction, the ratchet 884 swings in the opposite direction with the ratchet disc 883, disengaging from the engagement with the fixed helical tooth 882 and unable to transmit torque to the flange sleeve 881, causing the secondary cutter head 86 to stop rotating. At the same time, the flange sleeve 881 loses the inclined surface pushing force of the ratchet 884 and automatically slides down under its own weight and material pressure. The gap between the secondary cutter head 86 and the secondary gear ring 85 increases, allowing the material to directly pass through the gap and fall back to the primary grinding structure, thus realizing the single-stage grinding mode switching.

[0028] The secondary cutter head connection structure 88 used in this implementation employs a ratchet structure to achieve unidirectional drive. Further improvements have been made to enable longitudinal movement alongside unidirectional drive. Before the ratchet disc 883 drives the secondary cutter head 86 to rotate, it pushes the secondary cutter head 86 upwards, aligning the upper secondary hammer head 89 with the secondary gear ring 85 and reducing the gap between the secondary cutter head 86 and the secondary gear ring 85. This prevents material from sliding directly out of the gap, ensuring normal secondary grinding operation. When the ratchet disc 883 reverses, without driving the secondary cutter head 86 to rotate, the secondary cutter head 86 loses the thrust of the ratchet 884 and falls naturally. At this time, the gap between the secondary cutter head 86 and the secondary gear ring 85 increases. Combined with the conical structure at the top of the secondary cutter head 86, this allows the material to slide directly out and fall back into the primary grinding structure for cyclic grinding. The structure is simple and practical, meeting various grinding needs.

[0029] See Figure 1 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The present invention also illustrates a third embodiment, which is basically the same as the main body of the equipment, the grinding structure, and the power transmission structure of Embodiment 1, except that: this embodiment specifically optimizes and limits the specific structure of the feeding mechanism 7, including: The vertical cylinder 71 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed hopper 6; The horizontal tube 72 is fixedly connected to the bottom left side of the vertical tube 71; The feeding auger 73 is horizontally rotated and assembled inside the horizontal tube 72, and the raw material is fed at a uniform speed by rotating and pushing. The scraper roller 74 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the inner cavity of the vertical cylinder 71. One end of the scraper roller 74 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the feeding auger 73, and the other end of the scraper roller 74 extends through to the outside of the vertical cylinder 71 and is fixedly connected to the output end of the geared motor 15 through a coupling. The partition 75 is fixedly connected inside the vertical cylinder 71 and is located above the connection between the feeding auger 73 and the scraper roller 74. The scraper 76 is fixedly connected between the right side of the partition 75 and the inner wall of the vertical cylinder 71, and the teeth of the scraper 76 and the scraper roller 74 are misaligned, which can generate a shearing force on the material. The support plate 77 is fixedly connected between the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the vertical cylinder 71, and the support plate 77 is perpendicularly inserted into and fixedly connected to the scraper 76.

[0030] A through groove 78 is provided on the partition 75 at the top of the scraper 76. A flap 79 covering the through groove 78 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the vertical cylinder 71 and to the right of the partition 75. The rear end of the shaft at the bottom of the flap 79 extends through to the rear side of the vertical cylinder 71 and is fixedly connected to a lever 710. The other end of the lever 710 is rotatably connected to a threaded positioning handle 711. A screw hole is provided on the rear wall of the vertical cylinder 71 and to the left of the flap 79 for the threaded positioning handle 711 to be screwed in and fixed, so as to fix and lock the lever 710 and the flap 79 at an angle.

[0031] The feeding mechanism in this embodiment has two feeding modes to adapt to different raw material forms: The first method is the pre-processing feeding mode for blocky raw materials: When blocky anti-icing metal nanomaterial raw materials are fed in, the lever 710 flips the flap 79, keeping the flap 79 upright and blocking the through groove 78. Then, the threaded positioning handle 711 is screwed into the screw hole, and the falling raw material will fall into the scraper toothed roller 74 area at the bottom of the vertical cylinder 71. The geared motor 15 drives the scraper toothed roller 74 to rotate, and with the staggered scraper 76, the surface of the blocky raw material is continuously scraped into chips. The scraped chipped raw material falls into the horizontal tube 72 and is pushed at a uniform speed into the grinding chamber 2 by the feeding auger 73. This realizes the integrated operation of pre-crushing and feeding of blocky raw materials, solving the problem that traditional equipment cannot directly process blocky raw materials.

[0032] The second method is a direct feeding mode for powdery / chipped raw materials: When feeding powdery or chipped raw materials that do not require pretreatment, unscrew the threaded positioning handle 711 and reverse the lever 710 to tilt the flap 79 against the inner wall of the vertical cylinder 71, making the through groove 78 fully open. After the raw material is fed into the feed hopper 6, it slides directly through the through groove 78 into the horizontal tube 72 and is directly conveyed to the grinding chamber 2 by the feeding auger 73. It does not need to be scraped by the scraper roller 74, which greatly improves the feeding efficiency and avoids fine raw materials remaining between the teeth of the scraper roller 74, reducing material waste and equipment cleaning difficulty.

[0033] In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 7, based on the existing technology which only uses auger feeding, adds a primary crushing structure composed of a scraper toothed roller 74 and a scraper 76. When feeding lumpy materials, the scraper toothed roller 74 can be used to continuously scrape off the surface of the material, hanging the lumpy material into chips, which are then pushed into the grinding chamber 2 by the feeding auger 73 for grinding, thus increasing the applicability of the device. If the material fed directly is chip material that does not require primary crushing, the vertical cylinder 71 can be separated by lowering the flap 79, so that the fed material does not fall onto the scraper toothed roller 74, but slides directly into the horizontal tube 72 for feeding, improving feeding efficiency and reducing the residue of material between the teeth of the scraper toothed roller 74. This allows the feeding mechanism 7 to have two feeding modes for different material shapes, and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0034] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials, comprising a base and a grinding chamber mounted on its top, wherein a grinding mechanism is installed inside the grinding chamber, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism has a two-stage grinding structure. The first-stage grinding structure includes a first-stage gear ring, a first-stage cutter disc, and a first-stage hammer. The first-stage gear ring is installed on the inner wall of the grinding chamber. The first-stage cutter disc is rotatably placed on the support ring on the inner wall of the grinding chamber. Several first-stage hammers are circumferentially installed around the top of the first-stage cutter disc. A guide ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grinding chamber and above the primary grinding structure. The powder ground by the primary grinding structure is driven upward by the airflow outside the guide ring. The secondary grinding structure includes a secondary gear ring, a secondary cutter disc, and secondary hammers. The secondary gear ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the guide ring. The secondary cutter disc is rotatably set at the center of the secondary gear ring. Several secondary hammers are circumferentially installed around the top of the secondary cutter disc. A drive shaft is fixedly connected through the center of the primary cutter head. The top of the drive shaft is connected to the bottom center of the secondary cutter head through a secondary cutter head connecting structure. The secondary cutter head connecting structure allows the drive shaft to drive the secondary cutter head to rotate in only one direction. When the drive shaft drives the secondary cutter head connecting structure to rotate, it pushes the secondary cutter head connecting structure upward. When the drive shaft does not drive the secondary cutter head connecting structure to rotate, the secondary cutter head connecting structure slides down, increasing the gap between the edge of the secondary cutter head and the secondary gear ring.

2. The multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of both the primary and secondary cutter heads are provided with mounting grooves for installing the primary and secondary hammers. The primary hammer has a notch on the side away from the center. The bottom of the mounting groove on the primary cutter head is provided with a ventilation hole that connects to the notch. A conical guide ring is fixedly connected to the top of the guide ring.

3. The multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary cutter head connection structure includes: A flange sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the drive shaft. The outer side of the flange sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the secondary cutter head by bolts, and multiple fixed helical teeth are fixedly connected to the inner side of the flange sleeve. A ratchet disc is fixedly connected to the top of the drive shaft, and multiple ratchet teeth are rotatably connected to the side of the ratchet disc in a circumferential manner. The rotation angle of the ratchet teeth is limited by a limiting groove on the side of the ratchet disc. When the ratchet teeth rotate to the point where their tips abut against the inclined surface of the fixed helical teeth, the inclined surfaces first push the flange sleeve upward, and then push the flange sleeve to rotate.

4. The multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flange is fixedly fitted in the middle of the drive shaft, and the flange is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first-stage cutter head by bolts. A first motor is fixedly connected to the rear side of the top of the base, and the output end of the first motor is connected to the bottom end of the drive shaft through a transmission structure.

5. The multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom outer side of the grinding chamber. The top sealing cover of the grinding chamber is equipped with a flip cover. A powder outlet hood is fixedly connected to the top of the flip cover. A second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the powder outlet hood. A grading structure is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, and the grading structure extends through to the bottom of the flip cover.

6. The multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting frame is fixedly connected to the top rear side of the flip cover, and a bracket is fixedly connected to the top rear side of the base, with the top of the bracket rotatably connected to the middle of the lifting frame. An electric push rod is also fixedly connected to the top rear side of the base, with the top of the electric push rod slidably connected to the rear end of the lifting frame.

7. The multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding mechanism is fixedly connected to the right side of the grinding chamber and above the first-stage gear ring. A feeding hopper for feeding anti-icing metal nanomaterial raw materials is fixedly connected to the top of the feeding end of the base. A stand is fixedly connected to the right side of the base, and a reduction motor for driving the feeding mechanism is fixedly connected to the side of the stand.

8. The multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes: The vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed hopper; The horizontal tube is fixedly connected to the bottom left side of the vertical tube; The feeding auger is rotatably installed inside the horizontal tube; The scraper toothed roller is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the inner cavity of the vertical cylinder, and one end of the scraper toothed roller is coaxially and fixedly connected to the feeding auger. The other end of the scraper toothed roller extends through to the outside of the vertical cylinder and is fixedly connected to the output end of the geared motor through a coupling. The partition is fixedly connected inside the vertical cylinder and located above the connection between the feeding auger and the scraper roller; The scraper is fixedly connected between the right side of the partition and the inner wall of the vertical cylinder, and the teeth of the scraper and the scraper roller are misaligned. The support plate is fixedly connected between the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the vertical cylinder, and the support plate is perpendicularly inserted into and fixedly connected to the scraper.

9. The multi-stage powder grinding device for preparing anti-icing metal nanomaterials according to claim 8, characterized in that: The partition plate has a through groove at the top of the scraper. The inner wall of the vertical cylinder and the right side of the partition plate are rotatably connected to a flap that covers the through groove. The rear end of the bottom shaft of the flap plate extends through to the rear side of the vertical cylinder and is fixedly connected to a lever. The other end of the lever is rotatably connected to a threaded positioning handle. The rear wall of the vertical cylinder and the left side of the flap plate have a screw hole for the threaded positioning handle to be screwed in and fixed.

Images