Water and fertilizer integrated fertilization and irrigation device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of fertilization irrigation, and discloses a water and fertilizer integrated fertilization and irrigation device, which comprises a connecting pipe connected with a water and fertilizer main pipe and further comprises: a spray head assembly installed at the end of the connecting pipe and used for water and fertilizer irrigation; and an expansion assembly arranged at the spray outlet end of the spray head assembly. The application applies adjustable pre-tightening force by the metal sawtooth pipe wall in cooperation with the pressure applying assembly, the water pressure is increased to overcome the pre-tightening force to push the spray head body to elongate and expand the diameter when the pipe is blocked, and smaller foreign matters are discharged with the liquid flow; if the foreign matter is larger, the rectangular through slot of the spray outlet end is opened and the elastic sealing pad is stretched to form a bypass channel to discharge the foreign matter; after the discharge, the pre-tightening force pushes the automatic retraction to reset, and a pure mechanical self-adapting unblocking closed loop of "blocking, pressure increasing, diameter expanding, bypass, discharging and resetting" is constructed, so that the channel size can be automatically adjusted according to the blocking degree without electronic detection or manual intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fertilization and irrigation technology, specifically a water and fertilizer integrated fertilization and irrigation device. Background Technology

[0002] Integrated water and fertilizer irrigation technology is a modern agricultural technology that combines irrigation and fertilization. It uses a pressure system to deliver soluble fertilizer solutions and irrigation water to the crop root zone via a pipeline system, achieving coordinated water and fertilizer management. As the end-effector of the water and fertilizer irrigation system, the working condition of the sprinkler head directly affects the uniformity of irrigation and the accuracy of fertilization.

[0003] Existing irrigation sprinklers typically use a fixed orifice structure, meaning the inner diameter of the spray channel is not adjustable after leaving the factory. In actual use, undissolved fertilizer particles, sediment, and chemical crystals from long-term operation can accumulate and clog the spray channel in the slurry. Once clogged, this can lead to insufficient irrigation and uneven water and fertilizer supply to crops; in severe cases, it can completely block the sprinkler, causing it to malfunction and requiring manual disassembly and cleaning or replacement.

[0004] Currently, the existing technologies mainly employ the following solutions to the problem of nozzle clogging: One method is to regularly clean or replace the sprinkler heads manually. This method requires a large amount of manpower, is extremely inefficient in large-scale irrigation scenarios, and cannot detect blockages in time, resulting in some crops not receiving sufficient water and fertilizer for a long period of time.

[0005] Secondly, a filter device can be installed at the front end of the sprinkler head. This reduces the amount of foreign matter entering the sprinkler head by increasing the filtration accuracy. However, if the filtration accuracy is too high, it will increase water resistance, reduce irrigation efficiency, and the filter itself will require frequent cleaning and maintenance. If the filtration accuracy is too low, it will not be able to effectively intercept the tiny particles that cause blockages, which is only a temporary solution.

[0006] The existing nozzles have a fixed inner diameter for the spray channel, which cannot automatically adjust the channel size according to the degree of blockage to accommodate the passage of foreign objects; when foreign objects are stuck in the spray channel, there is a lack of ability to actively expand the channel to allow the foreign objects to be discharged on their own; anti-blockage and unblocking rely heavily on manual intervention, and there is a lack of a purely mechanical adaptive unblocking mechanism based on changes in the pressure inside the pipeline. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device, which solves the problems of existing water and fertilizer irrigation nozzles using fixed aperture structures, which easily cause particles, silt and crystals in the water and fertilizer solution to accumulate and clog, resulting in uneven irrigation; existing manual cleaning is inefficient; filtration devices only treat the symptoms and not the root cause; and the nozzles cannot adaptively expand their capacity according to the degree of clogging, lacking a purely mechanical self-unclogging mechanism.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device, comprising a connecting pipe connected to a main water and fertilizer pipeline, and further comprising: A nozzle assembly, which is installed at the end of the connecting pipe, is used for water and fertilizer irrigation; An expansion component is disposed at the discharge end of the nozzle assembly; A stabilizing component is connected to the periphery of the nozzle assembly's ejection end; A pressure-applying component is disposed at the end of the connecting pipe near the nozzle assembly. The pressure-applying component is connected to the stabilizing component and is used to apply a preload force to the nozzle assembly. The nozzle assembly includes a nozzle body fixed to the end of the connecting pipe. The nozzle body is funnel-shaped, with its inner diameter gradually decreasing from the end closest to the connecting pipe, and the end with the smallest inner diameter is the spray end. The nozzle body is made of metal and the pipe wall cross-section is serrated, which gives the nozzle body the elastic deformation ability to stretch and contract along the axial direction. Under axial compression, the teeth of the serrated tube wall converge radially inward, reducing the inner diameter of the spray channel of the nozzle body. When a blockage occurs inside the nozzle body, the internal water pressure increases and overcomes the pre-tightening force of the pressure-applying component, pushing the nozzle body to elongate axially, and the serrated pipe wall unfolds to expand the inner diameter of the spray channel; An installation ring is provided between the nozzle body and the connecting pipe, and the installation ring is sealed and fixed to the connecting pipe and the nozzle body respectively; a top rod is fixed in the middle of the installation ring, and the top rod extends axially into the interior of the nozzle body.

[0009] Preferably, the tooth shape of the serrated pipe wall is an asymmetrical structure, and each tooth includes a steep slope side and a gentle slope side connected in sequence along the axial direction, the steep slope side facing the ejection end and the gentle slope side facing the connecting pipe; The angle between the wall on the steep slope side and the axis is greater than the angle between the wall on the gentle slope side and the axis.

[0010] Preferably, the expansion assembly includes a plurality of rectangular through slots evenly spaced along the circumference at the nozzle body's ejection end, a metal U-shaped mounting bracket embedded in each rectangular through slot, and an elastic sealing gasket housed within the U-shaped cavity of the metal U-shaped mounting bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic sealing gasket is made of rubber. The cross-sectional shape of the metal U-shaped mounting bracket and the elastic sealing gasket along the axial direction of the nozzle body is adapted to the serrated cross-section of the nozzle body pipe wall.

[0012] Preferably, the stabilizing component includes a connecting rod, a docking member, a sliding member, a guide rod, and a stabilizing ring; The connecting rod is fixed to the outer wall of the nozzle body's spray end and is located between two adjacent rectangular through slots. The docking member is installed at the end of the connecting rod away from the nozzle body, and the sliding member is connected to the docking member through a ball joint.

[0013] Preferably, the guide rod is fixedly mounted on the nozzle body near the end of the connecting pipe and extends towards the spraying end, the stabilizing ring is located at the end of the guide rod, and the sliding member is slidably sleeved on the guide rod.

[0014] Preferably, the guide rod includes a horizontal section near the connecting pipe and a raised section near the ejection end, wherein the radial height of the raised section is greater than that of the horizontal section; In the initial state, the nozzle body is in a retracted state, and the sliding member is located in the horizontal section; When the nozzle body elongates axially due to blockage, the sliding member slides along the guide rod toward the spray end and slides into the raised section via the transition slope between the horizontal section and the raised section.

[0015] Preferably, multiple sets of the stabilizing components are evenly arranged circumferentially, and each sliding member is respectively sleeved on the corresponding guide rod, which together constrains the radial offset of the nozzle body's ejection end.

[0016] Preferably, the pressure-applying assembly includes a transmission ring, a nut, a slip ring, an elastic element, a mating ring, and a ball joint connecting rod; The transmission ring is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe and close to the nozzle body. The outer wall of the transmission ring is provided with external threads, and the nut is threadedly sleeved on the transmission ring. The nut has an annular groove on its end face near the nozzle body, and the slip ring is movably fitted in the annular groove and can rotate relative to the nut.

[0017] Preferably, a docking part is provided on the outer wall of the nozzle body's spraying end, one end of the ball joint is connected to the docking part through a ball joint, and the other end is connected to the docking ring through a ball joint; One end of the elastic element is connected to the slip ring on the side near the nozzle body, and the other end is connected to the mating ring; In the initial state, the elastic element is in a stretched state and applies an axial preload towards the connecting pipe to the nozzle body's ejection end through the docking ring, ball joint, and docking member, so that the nozzle body is in a compressed state.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention applies an adjustable pre-tightening force through a metal serrated pipe wall and a pressure-applying component. When blocked, the water pressure increases, overcoming the pre-tightening force and pushing the nozzle body to extend and expand its diameter, allowing smaller foreign objects to be discharged with the liquid flow. If the foreign object is larger, it continues to extend, causing the rectangular channel at the nozzle end to open and the elastic sealing gasket to stretch, forming a bypass channel to discharge the foreign object. After discharge, the pre-tightening force pushes the nozzle to automatically retract and reset, thus constructing a purely mechanical adaptive unblocking closed loop of "blockage → pressurization → diameter expansion → bypass → discharge → reset". It can automatically adjust the channel size according to the degree of blockage without electronic detection or manual intervention.

[0019] This invention uses an asymmetrical toothed shape to allow the gentle slope side to expand first, achieving a rapid response in the initial stage of blockage, while the steep slope side expands later to provide greater radial expansion and enhance the secondary bypass clearing. During retraction, the steep slope side rebounds first, driving rapid reset, while the gentle slope side then smoothly closes. The two-stage movement matches the two-stage clearing mechanism, taking into account both response speed and capacity expansion.

[0020] The stabilizing component of this invention achieves graded limiting through free sliding of the horizontal section, progressive buffering of the transition slope, and rigid stop of the raised section, while multiple sets of circumferential arrangement constrain radial offset; the pressure application component continuously adjusts the preload through the nut thread pair, the slip ring rotation decoupling ensures that the elastic element is only under tension and not torsion, and the ball joint double ball hinge adaptive angle deflection maintains axial force, thereby improving the alignment accuracy and structural durability during repeated deformation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the nozzle assembly and pressure application assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the nozzle assembly and stabilization assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure application component and the stabilization component of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the nozzle assembly and stabilization assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the stabilizing component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the nozzle assembly and expansion assembly of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Connecting pipe; 2. Nozzle assembly; 21. Nozzle body; 22. Mounting ring; 23. Top rod; 3. Expansion assembly; 31. Metal U-shaped mounting bracket; 32. Elastic sealing gasket; 33. Rectangular through groove; 4. Stabilizing assembly; 41. Connecting rod; 42. Connecting part; 43. Sliding part; 44. Guide rod; 45. Stabilizing ring; 5. Pressure application assembly; 51. Transmission ring; 52. Nut; 53. Slip ring; 54. Elastic part; 55. Connecting ring; 56. Ball joint connecting rod; 57. Annular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device, including a connecting pipe 1, which is connected to the main water and fertilizer pipeline, and further comprising: Sprinkler assembly 2 is installed at the end of connecting pipe 1 and is used for water and fertilizer irrigation; Expansion component 3 is disposed at the ejection end of nozzle assembly 2; Stabilizing component 4 is connected to the periphery of the nozzle assembly 2 at the discharge end; The pressure application component 5 is located at the end of the connecting pipe 1 near the nozzle assembly 2. The pressure application component 5 is connected to the stabilizing component 4 and is used to apply pre-tightening force to the nozzle assembly 2. The nozzle assembly 2 includes a nozzle body 21 fixed to the end of the connecting pipe 1. The nozzle body 21 is funnel-shaped, and its inner diameter gradually decreases from the end closest to the connecting pipe 1. The end with the smaller inner diameter is the spray end. The nozzle body 21 is made of metal and the pipe wall cross section is serrated, which gives the nozzle body 21 the elastic deformation ability to stretch and contract along the axial direction. When the nozzle body 21 is under axial compression, the teeth of the serrated tube wall retract radially inward, reducing the inner diameter of the spray channel of the nozzle body 21. When a blockage occurs inside the nozzle body 21, the internal water pressure increases and overcomes the pre-tightening force of the pressure application component 5, pushing the nozzle body 21 to extend axially, and the serrated pipe wall unfolds to expand the inner diameter of the spray channel. A mounting ring 22 is provided between the nozzle body 21 and the connecting pipe 1, and the mounting ring 22 is sealed and fixed to the connecting pipe 1 and the nozzle body 21 respectively; a push rod 23 is fixed in the middle of the mounting ring 22, and the push rod 23 extends axially into the interior of the nozzle body 21. In the initial irrigation state, the pressure application component 5 applies an axial pre-tightening force to the nozzle body 21, so that the serrated tube wall of the metal material is in an axial compression state, the teeth are radially contracted inward, the inner diameter of the spray channel is reduced, and the water and fertilizer solution enters the nozzle body 21 through the connecting pipe 1 and is sprayed out at high speed from the reduced spray end, ensuring the spray pressure and atomization effect during normal irrigation. When fertilizer particles, silt, or chemical crystals in the liquid fertilizer solution deposit and cause blockage in the spray channel, the water pressure inside the nozzle body 21 gradually increases. When the water pressure increases to a level sufficient to overcome the pre-tightening force of the pressure application component 5, the water pressure pushes the nozzle body 21 to extend axially, and the serrated pipe wall unfolds accordingly. The inner diameter of the spray channel expands, allowing foreign objects stuck in the channel to have more space to pass through. Smaller foreign objects can be discharged with the liquid flow under the action of water pressure, achieving the first stage of adaptive unblocking. After the foreign object is discharged, the water pressure inside the nozzle body 21 drops, and the pre-tightening force of the pressure application component 5 pushes the nozzle body 21 back to the initial compressed state. The serrated pipe wall retracts, and the guide rod of the stabilizing component 4 is fixed at one end of the nozzle body 21 near the connecting pipe 1 and extends to the periphery of the spray end, limiting the maximum axial elongation and radial offset of the nozzle body 21, preventing the nozzle body 21 from becoming unstable due to excessive elongation or radial sway, and ensuring the structural stability and reset reliability during the elastic deformation process.

[0025] After entering through the connecting pipe 1, the fertilizer solution flows towards the spray end along the gap between the top rod 23 and the nozzle body 21. The top rod 23 forms an internal guide for the liquid flow, making the fertilizer solution more evenly distributed around the spray end, while weakening the high-speed zone in the center of the liquid flow and reducing the tendency of fertilizer particles to deposit on the pipe wall.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the tooth shape of the serrated pipe wall is an asymmetrical structure. Each tooth includes a steep slope side and a gentle slope side connected in sequence along the axial direction. The steep slope side faces the ejection end, and the gentle slope side faces the connecting pipe 1. The angle between the wall on the steep slope and the axis is greater than the angle between the wall on the gentle slope and the axis.

[0027] In the initial compression state, the steep slope side and the gentle slope side fold together and shrink the inner diameter of the spray channel. When the spray channel is blocked and the internal water pressure increases, pushing the nozzle body 21 to extend axially, the gentle slope side unfolds first because the angle with the axis is smaller. The axial deformation resistance is lower, so the nozzle body 21 can respond quickly and extend rapidly in the early stage of blockage to expand the inner diameter of the spray channel. Smaller particles and foreign objects are discharged with the liquid flow. After the foreign object is discharged, the internal water pressure drops. The steep slope side rebounds first due to the greater elastic deformation energy stored during folding, which drives the nozzle body 21 to quickly retract and reset. The gentle slope side then retracts smoothly, and the serrated pipe wall returns to its initial compressed state. The asymmetrical tooth shape makes the nozzle body 21 exhibit a sequential response of "gentle slope first, steep slope later" when it extends, and a rapid reset of "steep slope first, gentle slope later" when it retracts. The two-stage motion characteristics match the two-stage unblocking mechanism, which not only ensures a rapid response in the early stage of blockage, but also enhances the radial expansion capacity of the nozzle end in the case of severe blockage, while improving the timeliness and reliability of reset.

[0028] like Figure 10 As shown, the nozzle body 21 has several rectangular through slots 33 evenly spaced along the circumference at the spray end, and a metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 is embedded in each rectangular through slot 33. The metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 has a U-shaped cavity, and the U-shaped cavity contains an elastic sealing gasket 32, which blocks the rectangular through groove 33.

[0029] The elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​is made of rubber. The cross-sectional shape of the metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 and the elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​along the axial direction of the nozzle body 21 is adapted to the sawtooth cross-section of the nozzle body 21 pipe wall.

[0030] In the initial irrigation state, the pressure application component 5 applies an axial preload to the nozzle body 21, causing the nozzle body 21 to be in a compressed state. The serrated pipe wall shrinks inward and the inner diameter decreases. At this time, each rectangular through groove 33 is in a closed state. The metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 embedded in the groove shrinks accordingly. The elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​contained in the U-shaped cavity seals the rectangular through groove 33, keeping the spray end sealed. The fertilizer solution is sprayed out at high speed through the narrowed channel. When foreign objects block the inside of the nozzle body 21, the water pressure in the pipe increases and overcomes the pre-tightening force of the pressure application component 5, pushing the nozzle body 21 to extend axially. The serrated pipe wall unfolds to expand the inner diameter, completing the first stage of expansion. The metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 and the elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​unfold synchronously with the serrated section. At this time, the rectangular through groove 33 is still sealed by the elastic sealing gasket 32, and smaller foreign particles can be discharged through the expanded inner diameter. If the foreign object particle size is too large to pass through the enlarged inner diameter, the water pressure continues to rise, pushing the nozzle body 21 to extend further axially, and the spray end to expand radially. The rectangular through groove 33 opens circumferentially, and the metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 embedded in the groove opens accordingly and provides support and reinforcement to the edge of the groove, preventing stress concentration and tearing or plastic deformation of the groove during repeated expansion. The elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​contained in the U-shaped cavity is stretched and undergoes elastic deformation. When the stretching exceeds the sealing compensation of the sealing gasket, a gap is formed between the elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​and the side wall of the metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 for the bypass flow of fertilizer liquid and foreign objects, completing the second stage of expansion, allowing larger foreign objects to be discharged through this bypass channel. After the foreign object is discharged, the water pressure in the pipe drops. The pre-tightening force of the pressure application component 5 pushes the nozzle body 21 to retract and reset. The serrated pipe wall retracts, the rectangular through groove 33 closes, the metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 retracts with the pipe wall, and the elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​retracts into the U-shaped cavity under its own elastic restoring force and re-seals the rectangular through groove 33, restoring the sealing state.

[0031] like Figures 4-9 As shown, the stabilizing component 4 includes a connecting rod 41, a docking part 42, a sliding part 43, a guide rod 44, and a stabilizing ring 45; The connecting rod 41 is fixed on the outer wall of the nozzle body 21 at the spray end and is located between two adjacent rectangular through slots 33. The mating part 42 is installed at the end of the connecting rod 41 away from the nozzle body 21. The sliding part 43 is connected to the mating part 42 through a ball joint.

[0032] The guide rod 44 is fixedly mounted on the nozzle body 21 near the end of the connecting pipe 1 and extends towards the spray end. The stabilizing ring 45 is located at the end of the guide rod 44, and the sliding member 43 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 44.

[0033] The guide rod 44 includes a horizontal section near the connecting pipe 1 and a raised section near the ejection end, the radial height of the raised section being greater than that of the horizontal section; In the initial state, the nozzle body 21 is in a retracted state, and the sliding member 43 is in the horizontal section; When the nozzle body 21 is blocked and elongates axially, the sliding member 43 slides along the guide rod 44 toward the spray end, and slides into the raised section through the transition slope between the horizontal section and the raised section.

[0034] The stabilizing components 4 are evenly arranged in multiple sets along the circumference, and each sliding component 43 is respectively sleeved on the corresponding guide rod 44, which together constrain the radial displacement of the nozzle body 21 at the spray end.

[0035] In the initial irrigation state, the pressure application component 5 applies an axial preload to the nozzle body 21, causing it to be in a contracted state. The connecting rod 41, which is fixed on the outer wall of the nozzle end, moves closer to the connecting pipe 1 as the nozzle body 21 contracts. The sliding member 43, which is connected to the docking member 42 by a ball joint, is located on the horizontal section of the guide rod 44. Multiple sets of connecting rods 41, sliding members 43, and guide rods 44, which are evenly arranged circumferentially, keep the nozzle end and the connecting pipe 1 axially aligned, so that the nozzle body 21 does not produce radial deviation in the contracted state. When foreign objects block the inside of the nozzle body 21, the water pressure in the pipe increases, overcoming the pre-tightening force and pushing the nozzle body 21 to extend axially. The connecting rod 41 fixed at the spray end moves synchronously away from the connecting pipe 1 along with the spray end. The sliding member 43 slides along the horizontal section of the guide rod 44 towards the spray end under the drive of the connecting rod 41. The ball joint connection enables the sliding member 43 to adapt to the small angle changes caused by the serrations unfolding when the nozzle body 21 extends during the sliding process, thus avoiding jamming. When the sliding member 43 slides to the transition position between the horizontal section and the raised section, the radial height of the raised section increases, creating uphill resistance. The sliding member 43 needs a greater axial thrust to climb up the transition slope. This climbing resistance provides a progressively increasing buffer for the further elongation of the nozzle body 21, preventing the elongation process from being too abrupt and causing the elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​to tear instantly or the serrated structure to suffer impact fatigue. If the water pressure continues to increase and pushes the sliding member 43 to slide completely into the raised section, the end face of the raised section and the sliding member 43... The contact forms a rigid axial stop, preventing the nozzle body 21 from continuing to extend, thereby limiting its maximum axial elongation and preventing the serrated pipe wall from undergoing plastic deformation or elastic failure due to excessive stretching. At the same time, after multiple sets of sliding parts 43 are positioned on the raised sections of their respective guide rods 44, each connecting rod 41 constrains the nozzle end to a position coaxial with the connecting pipe 1 from different circumferential directions, effectively limiting the nozzle end from radial displacement or twisting under high pressure, and ensuring that the rectangular through groove 33 opens evenly without local off-center loading. After the foreign object is discharged, the water pressure in the pipe drops, and the pre-tightening force of the pressure component 5 pushes the nozzle body 21 to retract. The sliding part 43 moves along the guide rod 44 from the raised section to the horizontal section through the transition slope. The ball joint connection adapts to the angle change during the retraction process again, so that the sliding part 43 returns to its original position smoothly and the nozzle body 21 returns to the initial retracted centering state.

[0036] like Figures 5-7 As shown, the pressure application assembly 5 includes a transmission ring 51, a nut 52, a slip ring 53, an elastic element 54, a mating ring 55, and a ball joint connecting rod 56; The transmission ring 51 is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 1 and close to the nozzle body 21. The outer wall of the transmission ring 51 is provided with external threads, and the nut 52 is threadedly sleeved on the transmission ring 51. The end face of the nut 52 near the nozzle body 21 has an annular groove 57, and the slip ring 53 is movably sleeved in the annular groove 57 and can rotate relative to the nut 52.

[0037] The outer wall of the nozzle body 21 at the spray end is provided with a docking part 42. One end of the ball joint 56 is connected to the docking part 42 through a ball joint, and the other end is connected to the docking ring 55 through a ball joint. One end of the elastic element 54 is connected to the side of the slip ring 53 near the nozzle body 21, and the other end is connected to the docking ring 55; In the initial state, the elastic element 54 is in a stretched state and applies an axial preload towards the connecting pipe 1 to the nozzle body 21 through the docking ring 55, the ball joint 56 and the docking part 42, so that the nozzle body 21 is in a compressed state.

[0038] In the initial irrigation state, the elastic element 54 is in a stretched state during assembly. Its elastic restoring force is transmitted to the spray end through the docking ring 55, the ball head connecting rod 56 and the docking part 42 in sequence, and an axial pre-tightening force is applied to the spray end in the direction of the connecting pipe 1, so that the nozzle body 21 overcomes its own elasticity and maintains a compressed state. The serrated pipe wall shrinks inward and the inner diameter is reduced, and the fertilizer solution is sprayed out at high speed through the reduced channel. When it is necessary to adjust the dredging pressure threshold according to the irrigation requirements of different crops or different growth stages, rotate the nut 52 to move it axially along the external thread of the transmission ring 51. The nut 52 drives the slip ring 53 to move axially synchronously through the side wall of the annular groove 57. Since the slip ring 53 can rotate freely relative to the nut 52 in the annular groove 57, the slip ring 53 does not rotate with the nut 52 when the nut 52 rotates, but only produces axial displacement, thereby avoiding the elastic element 54 from being twisted. When the slip ring 53 moves towards the spray end, the initial tension of the elastic element 54 increases and the preload increases, and the water pressure threshold required for dredging increases accordingly. When the slip ring 53 moves away from the spray end, the preload decreases and the dredging threshold decreases, thereby realizing stepless adjustment of the dredging pressure threshold. When foreign objects block the inside of the nozzle body 21, the water pressure in the pipe gradually increases, and the axial thrust of the water pressure on the inner wall of the nozzle body 21 gradually increases. When the thrust exceeds the preload of the elastic element 54, the nozzle body 21 elongates axially, the serrated pipe wall unfolds to expand the inner diameter, and the first stage of expansion is completed. Smaller particles of foreign objects can be discharged through the expanded inner diameter. During this process, the nozzle end drives the docking part 42 to move away from the connecting pipe 1. The ball joint 56 deflects with the displacement of the nozzle end. The ball joints at both ends adapt to the angle changes of the docking part 42 and the docking ring 55 respectively, so that the elastic element 54 always maintains the axial stretching direction without generating off-center load. The elastic element 54 is further stretched, and its elastic restoring force increases with the elongation, forming elastic resistance to the further elongation of the nozzle body 21, making the clearing process smooth and controllable. After the foreign object is discharged, the water pressure in the pipe drops. When the elastic restoring force of the elastic element 54 is greater than the water pressure thrust, the nozzle body 21 retracts axially under the action of the retraction force of the elastic element 54. The serrated pipe wall retracts and the inner diameter shrinks, restoring the initial irrigation state.

[0039] Working principle and usage process of this invention: Step 1: Initial Irrigation During assembly, the elastic element 54 of the pressure component 5 is in a stretched state. Its elastic restoring force is transmitted sequentially through the docking ring 55, the ball joint 56, and the docking part 42 to the spray end of the nozzle body 21, applying an axial preload towards the connecting pipe 1 to the spray end. This causes the serrated metal pipe wall to be in an axial compression state, with the steep slope side and the gentle slope side folding together and the teeth converging radially inward, reducing the inner diameter of the spray channel. The rectangular through slots 33 at the spray end are in a closed state, and the metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 retracts accordingly. The elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​is housed in the U-shaped cavity to seal the rectangular through slots 33, keeping the spray end sealed. The multiple sets of sliding parts 43 of the stabilizing component 4 are located on the horizontal section of the guide rod 44, keeping the spray end axially aligned with the connecting pipe 1. After the water and fertilizer solution enters the nozzle body 21 through the connecting pipe 1, it is sprayed out at high speed from the reduced spray end.

[0040] Step 2: Preload Adjustment Depending on the crop type or growth stage and its different irrigation pressure requirements, the nut 52 is rotated to move axially along the external thread of the transmission ring 51. The nut 52 drives the slip ring 53 to move axially synchronously through the side wall of the annular groove 57. Since the slip ring 53 can rotate freely relative to the nut 52 in the annular groove 57, the slip ring does not rotate with the nut when it rotates, but only generates axial displacement, thus preventing the elastic element 54 from being twisted. When the slip ring 53 moves towards the spray end, the initial tension of the elastic element 54 increases, the preload increases, and the unblocking pressure threshold increases. Conversely, the preload decreases and the threshold decreases, thus achieving stepless adjustment of the unblocking pressure threshold.

[0041] Step 3: First-stage unblocking (serrated diameter expansion) When fertilizer particles, silt, or chemical crystals in the liquid fertilizer solution deposit and cause blockage in the spray channel, the water pressure inside the nozzle body 21 gradually increases, and the axial thrust of the water pressure on the inner wall increases accordingly. When the thrust exceeds the preload of the elastic element 54, the nozzle body 21 elongates axially. The gentle slope side of the asymmetric toothed nozzle unfolds first due to its smaller angle with the axis and lower axial deformation resistance, allowing the nozzle body 21 to respond quickly and elongate rapidly in the initial stage of blockage. The unfolding of the serrated pipe wall expands the inner diameter of the spray channel, allowing smaller particles and foreign objects stuck in the channel to have more space to pass through and be discharged with the liquid flow. During this process, the spray end drives the docking part 42 away from the connecting pipe. In 1st direction, the ball joints at both ends of the ball joint 56 adapt to the angle changes of the docking part 42 and the docking ring 55 respectively, so that the elastic element 54 is always subjected to axial force without generating off-center load. The elastic element 54 is further stretched, and its restoring force increases with the elongation, forming elastic resistance to further elongation, making the diameter expansion process smooth and controllable. The sliding part 43 of the stabilizing component 4 slides freely along the horizontal section of the guide rod 44 under the drive of the connecting rod 41. The ball joint connection adapts to the small angle changes brought about by the sawtooth expansion, without interfering with normal dredging. The metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 and the elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​expand synchronously with the sawtooth cross section, and the rectangular through groove 33 is still sealed by the elastic sealing gasket 32.

[0042] Step 4: Second-stage dredging (channel bypass) If the foreign object is too large and cannot pass through after the first stage of expansion, the water pressure continues to rise, pushing the nozzle body 21 to extend further axially. The steep slope side then unfolds, as it has greater elastic deformation energy stored during folding and generates greater radial expansion after unfolding, driving the spray end to expand in all directions. The rectangular through groove 33 opens circumferentially, and the metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 opens accordingly, providing support and reinforcement to the edge of the groove, dispersing the stress at the groove opening, and avoiding stress concentration that could lead to tearing or plastic deformation during repeated expansion. The elastic sealing gasket 32, housed in the U-shaped cavity, undergoes elastic deformation under tension. When the tension exceeds the sealing compensation of the sealing gasket, a gap is formed between the elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​and the side wall of the metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31, allowing fertilizer liquid and foreign objects to bypass and flow out. Larger foreign objects are discharged through this bypass channel. At the same time, the stabilizing component 4 The sliding member 43 slides to the transition position between the horizontal section and the raised section. The radial height of the raised section increases, forming an uphill resistance. The sliding member needs to climb along the transition slope under greater thrust. This climbing resistance forms a gradually increasing buffer for further elongation, avoiding excessive elongation that could cause instantaneous tearing of the sealing gasket or impact fatigue of the serrated structure. If the water pressure continues to rise, pushing the sliding member 43 to slide completely into the raised section, the end face of the raised section abuts against the sliding member 43 to form a rigid axial stop, limiting the maximum axial elongation and preventing the serrated pipe wall from plastic deformation or elastic failure due to excessive stretching. After multiple sets of sliding members 43 are in place in their respective raised sections, each connecting rod 41 constrains the ejection end to a position coaxial with the connecting pipe 1 from different circumferential directions, limiting radial offset or twisting, and ensuring that the rectangular through groove 33 opens evenly without local off-center loading.

[0043] Step 5: Reset After the foreign object is discharged, the water pressure inside the nozzle body 21 drops. When the elastic restoring force of the elastic element 54 is greater than the water pressure thrust, the nozzle body 21 retracts axially under the action of the elastic element's retraction force. The steep slope side of the asymmetric toothed nozzle rebounds first due to its greater stored elastic deformation energy, causing the nozzle body 21 to retract rapidly. The gentle slope side then retracts smoothly, and the serrated pipe wall returns to its initial compressed state. The rectangular through groove 33 closes, the metal U-shaped mounting bracket 31 retracts with the pipe wall, and the elastic sealing gasket 32 ​​retracts into the U-shaped cavity under its own elastic restoring force and re-seals the rectangular through groove 33, restoring the seal. The sliding element 43 of the stabilizing component 4 retracts from the raised section through the transition slope to the horizontal section along the guide rod 44. The ball joint connection adapts to the angle change during the retraction process, allowing the sliding element to return to its position smoothly. The nozzle body 21 returns to its initial contracted and centered state, waiting for the next blockage trigger.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water and fertilizer integrated irrigation device, comprising a connecting pipe (1), wherein the connecting pipe (1) is connected to a main water and fertilizer pipeline, characterized in that, Also includes: Sprinkler assembly (2), which is installed at the end of the connecting pipe (1) and is used for water and fertilizer irrigation; An expansion component (3) is disposed at the ejection end of the nozzle assembly (2); Stabilizing component (4), the stabilizing component (4) is connected to the periphery of the nozzle assembly (2) at the discharge end; The pressure application component (5) is disposed at the end of the connecting pipe (1) near the nozzle assembly (2). The pressure application component (5) is connected to the stabilizing component (4) and is used to apply a preload force to the nozzle assembly (2). The nozzle assembly (2) includes a nozzle body (21) fixed to the end of the connecting pipe (1). The nozzle body (21) is funnel-shaped, with the inner diameter gradually decreasing from the end closest to the connecting pipe (1), and the end with the smaller inner diameter is the spray end. The nozzle body (21) is made of metal and the pipe wall cross section is serrated, so that the nozzle body (21) has the elastic deformation ability to stretch and contract along the axial direction. Under axial compression, the teeth of the serrated tube wall converge radially inward, thereby reducing the inner diameter of the spray channel of the nozzle body (21). When a blockage occurs inside the nozzle body (21), the internal water pressure increases and overcomes the pre-tightening force of the pressure application component (5), pushing the nozzle body (21) to extend axially, and the serrated pipe wall unfolds to expand the inner diameter of the spray channel; An installation ring (22) is provided between the nozzle body (21) and the connecting pipe (1). The installation ring (22) is sealed and fixed to the connecting pipe (1) and the nozzle body (21) respectively. A top rod (23) is fixed in the middle of the installation ring (22). The top rod (23) extends into the nozzle body (21) along the axial direction.

2. The integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth shape of the sawtooth pipe wall is an asymmetrical structure. Each tooth includes a steep slope side and a gentle slope side connected in sequence along the axial direction. The steep slope side faces the ejection end, and the gentle slope side faces the connecting pipe (1). The angle between the wall on the steep slope side and the axis is greater than the angle between the wall on the gentle slope side and the axis.

3. The integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion component (3) includes a plurality of rectangular through slots (33) evenly spaced along the circumference at the nozzle body (21) ejection end, a metal U-shaped mounting bracket (31) embedded in each rectangular through slot (33), and an elastic sealing gasket (32) housed in the U-shaped cavity of the metal U-shaped mounting bracket (31).

4. The integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic sealing gasket (32) is made of rubber. The cross-sectional shape of the metal U-shaped mounting bracket (31) and the elastic sealing gasket (32) along the axial direction of the nozzle body (21) is adapted to the sawtooth cross-section of the nozzle body (21) pipe wall.

5. The integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stabilizing component (4) includes a connecting rod (41), a docking part (42), a sliding part (43), a guide rod (44), and a stabilizing ring (45). The connecting rod (41) is fixed on the outer wall of the nozzle body (21) at the spray end and is located between two adjacent rectangular through slots (33). The docking part (42) is installed at the end of the connecting rod (41) away from the nozzle body (21). The sliding part (43) is connected to the docking part (42) through a ball joint.

6. The integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide rod (44) is fixedly mounted on the nozzle body (21) near the end of the connecting pipe (1) and extends toward the spraying end. The stabilizing ring (45) is located at the end of the guide rod (44), and the sliding member (43) is slidably sleeved on the guide rod (44).

7. The integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide rod (44) includes a horizontal section near the connecting pipe (1) and a raised section near the ejection end, wherein the radial height of the raised section is greater than that of the horizontal section; In the initial state, the nozzle body (21) is in a retracted state, and the sliding member (43) is located in the horizontal section; When the nozzle body (21) is axially elongated due to blockage, the sliding member (43) slides along the guide rod (44) toward the spray end and slides into the raised section through the transition slope between the horizontal section and the raised section.

8. The integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stabilizing components (4) are evenly arranged in multiple sets along the circumference, and each sliding member (43) is respectively sleeved on the corresponding guide rod (44) to jointly constrain the radial offset of the nozzle body (21) at the spray end.

9. The integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure application assembly (5) includes a transmission ring (51), a nut (52), a slip ring (53), an elastic element (54), a docking ring (55), and a ball joint rod (56). The transmission ring (51) is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe (1) and close to the nozzle body (21). The outer wall of the transmission ring (51) is provided with external threads, and the nut (52) is threaded onto the transmission ring (51). The nut (52) has an annular groove (57) on its end face near the nozzle body (21), and the slip ring (53) is movably sleeved in the annular groove (57) and can rotate relative to the nut (52).

10. The integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The nozzle body (21) has a docking part (42) on the outer wall of the spray end. One end of the ball joint (56) is connected to the docking part (42) through a ball joint, and the other end is connected to the docking ring (55) through a ball joint. One end of the elastic element (54) is connected to the slip ring (53) on the side near the nozzle body (21), and the other end is connected to the docking ring (55). In the initial state, the elastic element (54) is in a stretched state and applies an axial preload toward the connecting pipe (1) to the nozzle body (21) through the docking ring (55), ball joint (56) and docking part (42), so that the nozzle body (21) is in a compressed state.

Images