A harmless treatment device and method for phosphorus tailings

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of phosphorus tailing processing, and discloses a harmless treatment device and method for phosphorus tailing, wherein the treatment device comprises a feeding hopper, a conveying mechanism, a spraying frame and a hardening crushing mechanism; the conveying mechanism is arranged at the discharging end of the feeding hopper; the spraying frame is installed at the top end of the conveying mechanism; the hardening crushing mechanism is installed on the conveying mechanism; a gas cylinder is fixedly installed on one side of the conveying mechanism; and the treatment method comprises the following steps: step one: the accumulated phosphorus tailing is manually fed into the feeding hopper, and then the mineral material in the feeding hopper enters the conveying mechanism through the discharging port of the feeding hopper and is conveyed by the conveying mechanism; and step two: then, an operator opens the spraying pump, and the spraying pump sprays the bacterial liquid onto the surface of the mineral material conveyed on the conveying mechanism; the longitudinal crushing rod and the transverse crushing rod are arranged to ensure the overall coverage of the phosphorus solution reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of phosphorus tailings processing technology, and more specifically, to a harmless treatment device and method for phosphorus tailings. Background Technology

[0002] Apatite tailings are solid waste generated after the flotation treatment of phosphate rock. Specifically, they refer to tailings with apatite as the main phosphorus-containing mineral. When treating apatite tailings, microbial leaching is generally used. Although this method is time-consuming, it is low-cost and can process large quantities of phosphate tailings. Microbial leaching, also known as bioleaching or bio-leaching, is a biotechnology process used to extract metals or other useful substances from ores or solid waste. This process utilizes the metabolic activities of microorganisms to dissolve, leach, or separate the target substance from the ore or solid waste. Existing equipment generally treats apatite tailings by direct spraying, and uses methods such as vibration or stirring during the treatment process to make the spraying more thorough. During the spraying process, microorganisms react with the ore at any time, and the minerals in contact with the spray solution dissolve in the spray solution and are collected as the spray solution flows, thus achieving the effect of spraying and collecting simultaneously. Traditional spraying methods involve piling the ore together and periodically spraying it through a spraying system. This allows the bacteria in the spray solution to react with the ore, dissolving the minerals inside. However, this method makes it difficult for the ore inside the pile to fully contact the spray solution. Furthermore, the spray solution requires sufficient oxygen to react with the ore, which is also not conducive to the reaction between the ore and oxygen. Therefore, a method was later developed that places the ore on a conveyor belt for spraying, allowing the ore in the pile to be sprayed in small batches. This not only ensures that the ore is sprayed more thoroughly but also allows the spray solution and ore to fully react with oxygen in the air.

[0003] However, due to the small size of the apatite tailings particles, a crusting layer will form on the surface of the apatite tailings after contact with the spraying liquid. This prevents the subsequent spraying liquid from penetrating deeper into the apatite tailings, resulting in some ore remaining untouched by the spraying liquid after the spraying process is completed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a harmless treatment device and method for phosphorus tailings, solving the technical problem of poor spraying and penetration effect of phosphorus tailings in related technologies.

[0005] This invention provides a harmless treatment device for phosphorus tailings, including a feeding hopper, a conveying mechanism, a spray frame, and a bridging and crushing mechanism. The conveying mechanism is located at the discharge end of the feeding hopper, the spray frame is installed at the top of the conveying mechanism, the bridging and crushing mechanism is installed on the conveying mechanism, and a cylinder is fixedly installed on one side of the conveying mechanism. The cylinder is used to drive the bridging and crushing mechanism to reciprocate along the width direction of the conveying mechanism. The platen crushing mechanism is characterized by comprising a guide plate and a push rod. The guide plate is fixedly installed on the conveying mechanism. There are two guide plates, which are symmetrical along the width direction of the conveying mechanism. A push rod is slidably connected to the middle section of the conveying mechanism along its width direction. The push rod passes through the two guide plates and is in movable contact with the guide plates. One end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder. Several fixed slide rails are provided between the two guide plates. The several fixed slide rails are fixedly connected to each other in pairs by a U-shaped frame. A transverse crushing rod is slidably installed inside the fixed slide rail. The transverse crushing rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the push rod. A longitudinal crushing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed slide rail.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the conveying mechanism includes a conveying frame and a first motor. The first motor is fixedly installed on the side of the conveying frame near the feed hopper. Rollers are rotatably connected to both ends of the conveying frame along its width direction. A conveyor belt is sleeved on the outer side of the two rollers. The two rollers are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the inner side of the conveyor belt. Several idlers are equidistantly installed between the two rollers inside the conveying frame. The idlers are installed on the inner side of the conveyor belt and are used to support the conveyor belt and the material. One end of one of the rollers is connected to the output end of the first motor. The output end of the first motor drives the roller to rotate, and the roller drives the conveyor belt to rotate.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, both guide plates are bent at both ends along the length of the conveyor frame in a direction away from each other, and both ends of the guide plates along the length of the conveyor frame are fixedly connected to the conveyor frame. Circular holes are opened through both sides of the conveyor frame and the guide plates. The push rod is slidably connected inside the circular hole. A disc is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod near the cylinder, and the diameter of the disc is larger than the diameter of the circular hole. The disc is used to limit the length of movement of the push rod driven by the cylinder.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, an anti-backflow plate is fixedly connected to the end of the conveyor frame near the feed hopper, and a scraper is fixedly connected to the end of the conveyor frame away from the feed hopper. The anti-backflow plate is inclined from the feed hopper end to the scraper end. The scraper is triangular in shape, and the top of the scraper is in contact with the outer side of the conveyor belt.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a material-turning assembly is fixedly connected to the guide plate. The material-turning assembly includes a material-turning chute, which is opened through both sides of the fixed slide rail along the length of the conveyor frame and along the width of the conveyor frame. A spiral chute is opened on the outside of the push rod, and a sleeve is slidably connected to the outside of the push rod. An extension tube is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve away from the cylinder, and a plurality of material-turning rods are fixedly connected to the end of the extension tube away from the cylinder. The plurality of material-turning rods are equidistantly distributed around the outer surface of the extension tube. Multiple sets of spiral chutes and sleeves are provided, and the number of both is the same. The plurality of spiral chutes and sleeves are equidistantly distributed on the push rod along the width of the conveyor frame. The spiral chute is opened on the outside of the push rod, and the sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outside of the push rod. A sleeve is slidably connected to the outside of each set of spiral chutes, and an embedded rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. The end of the embedded rod near the push rod is slidably connected to the inside of the spiral chute.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a connecting annular groove is provided on the outer side of the sleeve, the connecting annular groove is opened around the sleeve, and two limiting slide rods are slidably connected inside the connecting annular groove. The two limiting slide rods are symmetrical about the vertical plane along the length of the sleeve. The end of the limiting slide rod away from the sleeve is slidably connected inside the nearby turning groove. The cross-sections of the connecting annular groove and the end of the limiting slide rod near the push rod are both trapezoidal, and the connecting annular groove and the end of the push rod form a self-locking fit.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a spraying assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the guide plate. The spraying assembly includes two baffles symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the guide plate. Each baffle spans the upper end of the two guide plates. The two baffles are symmetrical along the length of the conveyor frame. Two horizontal slots are symmetrically opened on the baffles. The two horizontal slots are symmetrical along the width of the conveyor frame and are both opened along the width of the conveyor frame. A vertical slot is opened in the middle of the baffle between the two horizontal slots. The vertical slot is opened along the height of the conveyor frame.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, two spray plates are symmetrically arranged between two baffle plates. A limiting plate is provided between the opposite ends of the two spray plates. The two ends of the limiting plate are rotatably connected to the two spray plates via a rotating shaft. A transverse rod is fixedly inserted through the opposite ends of the two spray plates. The two ends of the transverse rod are slidably inserted into adjacent transverse grooves. A transmission plate is inserted through the side of the limiting plate. The two ends of the transmission plate are slidably connected to the two vertical grooves.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a T-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the top of a transverse crushing rod near the cylinder side. Parallel connecting rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the T-shaped frame. Horizontal slide rails are fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the two baffles. The two parallel connecting rods are respectively inserted into the adjacent horizontal slide rails and are slidably connected to the horizontal slide rails. Right-angle frames are rotatably connected to the opposite surfaces of the two baffles via round shafts. Two right-angle frames are symmetrically arranged perpendicularly to each other along the length of the conveyor frame. Lifting rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission plate. Sliding sleeves are slidably fitted at both ends of each right-angle frame. The lower end of the lifting rod is rotatably connected to the adjacent sliding sleeve through a rotating shaft, and the end of the connecting rod near the right-angle frame is rotatably connected to the adjacent sliding sleeve through a rotating shaft.

[0014] This invention provides a method for the harmless treatment of phosphorus tailings, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The accumulated phosphate tailings are manually fed into the feed hopper. The ore inside the feed hopper then enters the conveying mechanism through the feed hopper's outlet and is transported by the conveying mechanism. Step 2: The operator then turns on the spray pump, which sprays the inoculum solution onto the surface of the mineral material being conveyed on the conveyor mechanism. Step 3: After the spraying liquid comes into contact with the surface of the ore, the ore will clump together. As the conveying continues, the clumps will be broken up by the clump breaking mechanism, so that the spraying liquid can come into contact with the ore below the clumps. Step 4: Subsequently, the caking and crushing mechanism will drive the turning component to operate together, thereby turning over the caking blocks to be crushed, turning the ore at the bottom to the top, so that the ore can come into full contact with the spray liquid, and the caking blocks can also be crushed a second time during the turning process. Step 5: During the operation of the material turning component, the spraying component will be activated, allowing the spray plate to spray the ore from multiple angles, thereby ensuring that the ore comes into full contact with the spray liquid and improving the spraying efficiency.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention, through the setting of longitudinal and transverse crushing rods, and the combined reciprocating motion of the longitudinal and transverse crushing rods, can perform multi-dimensional crushing of the dense, hardened shell formed by phosphate tailings when exposed to water. It forms sufficient penetration gaps on the originally closed hard shell surface, allowing the spray liquid to penetrate smoothly into the interior of the ore, completely avoiding the problem of the lower layer of ore not being able to contact the bacterial solution due to the obstruction of the surface shell, thus ensuring the overall coverage of the phosphorus solubilization reaction from the foundation.

[0016] 2. This invention, through the setting of a turning rod and a sleeve, enables the turning rod to rotate synchronously through a linkage structure, which can continuously turn the lower layer of ore to the upper layer, while simultaneously beating and breaking up the agglomerated blocks to make them even finer, greatly increasing the contact area between the bacterial solution and the ore, allowing the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria to fully act on all ore particles, effectively improving the conversion efficiency of insoluble phosphate to soluble phosphorus, and accelerating the overall progress of harmless treatment.

[0017] 3. By setting up a right-angle frame and a spray plate, the spray plate with dynamically adjustable angle can greatly expand the spray coverage of the bacterial solution, allowing the spray liquid to be evenly applied to the sides of the turned ore. Combined with the crushing and turning process, it achieves all-round spray coverage, which reduces the number of spraying times, reduces spray liquid consumption, improves the overall recovery efficiency of phosphorus elements, avoids unnecessary resource waste, and further reduces the comprehensive cost of harmless treatment of phosphorus tailings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first motor mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the push rod structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral frame structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sleeve of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating structure of the spray plate of the present invention; Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the right-angle frame structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Feed hopper; 2. Conveyor frame; 21. First motor; 22. Conveyor belt; 23. Anti-backflow plate; 24. Scraper; 3. Sprayer frame; 4. Guide plate; 41. Push rod; 411. Transverse crushing rod; 412. Fixed slide rail; 413. Longitudinal crushing rod; 414. Return frame; 42. Cylinder; 43. Tilting assembly; 431. Tilting chute; 432. Spiral chute; 433. Sleeve; 4 34. Extension tube; 435. Tilting rod; 436. Connecting ring groove; 437. Limiting slide rod; 438. Embedded rod; 44. Baffle plate; 441. Horizontal groove; 442. Vertical groove; 443. Spray plate; 444. Limiting plate; 445. Transmission plate; 446. Horizontal rod; 45. T-shaped frame; 451. Parallel connecting rod; 452. Horizontal slide rail; 453. Right angle frame; 454. Sliding sleeve; 455. Lifting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0021] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, a harmless treatment device for phosphorus tailings includes a feed hopper 1, a conveying mechanism, a spray frame 3, and a bridging and crushing mechanism. The conveying mechanism is located at the discharge end of the feed hopper 1, the spray frame 3 is installed at the top of the conveying mechanism, the bridging and crushing mechanism is installed on the conveying mechanism, and a cylinder 42 is fixedly installed on one side of the conveying mechanism. The cylinder 42 is used to drive the bridging and crushing mechanism to reciprocate along the width direction of the conveying mechanism. The platen crushing mechanism includes a guide plate 4 and a push rod 41. The guide plate 4 is fixedly installed on the conveying mechanism. There are two guide plates 4, which are symmetrical along the width direction of the conveying mechanism. The push rod 41 is slidably connected to the middle section of the conveying mechanism along its width direction. The push rod 41 passes through the two guide plates 4 and is in contact with the guide plates 4. One end of the push rod 41 is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 42. Several fixed slide rails 412 are provided between the two guide plates 4. The fixed slide rails 412 are fixedly connected to each other in pairs through a U-shaped frame 414. A transverse crushing rod 411 is slidably installed inside the fixed slide rail 412. The transverse crushing rod 411 is fixedly connected to the outside of the push rod 41. A longitudinal crushing rod 413 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed slide rail 412.

[0022] The longitudinal crushing rod 413 is set in a V-shape on the side facing the phosphorus tailings. When the phosphorus tailings move, they come into contact with the V-shaped side of the longitudinal crushing rod 413, and the V-shaped side of the longitudinal crushing rod 413 separates the phosphate tailings that are hardened or piled up together. Multiple fixed slide rails 412 and multiple loop frames 414 form a support frame, and the two ends of the support frame are fixedly connected to two guide plates 4 respectively.

[0023] The longitudinal crushing rod 413 and the transverse crushing rod 411 have the same width, and the bottom ends of the longitudinal crushing rod 413 and the transverse crushing rod 411 are on the same horizontal plane. like Figure 4 As shown, when the cylinder 42 is in its natural state, the longitudinal crushing rod 413 and the transverse crushing rod 411 are in a fully contacted state, and the two are overlapping. like Figure 5As shown, when the cylinder 42 is in the extended state, the transverse crushing rod 411 will be located between the two longitudinal crushing rods 413, and the two are misaligned at this time. The conveying mechanism includes a conveyor frame 2 and a first motor 21. The first motor 21 is fixedly installed on the side of the conveyor frame 2 near the feed hopper 1. Rollers are rotatably connected to both ends of the conveyor frame 2 along its width direction. A conveyor belt 22 is sleeved on the outside of the two rollers. The two rollers are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the inner side of the conveyor belt 22. Several idlers are installed at equal intervals between the two rollers inside the conveyor frame 2. The idlers are installed on the inner side of the conveyor belt 22 and are used to support the conveyor belt 22 and the material. One end of one of the rollers is connected to the output end of the first motor 21. The output end of the first motor 21 drives the roller to rotate, and the roller drives the conveyor belt 22 to rotate. The two guide plates 4, the push rod 41, and the spray frame 3 are all installed on the conveyor frame 2; like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, both ends of the two guide plates 4 are bent away from each other along the length of the conveyor frame 2, and both ends of the guide plates 4 are fixedly connected to the conveyor frame 2 along the length of the conveyor frame 2. Both sides of the conveyor frame 2 and the guide plates 4 have through holes, and the push rod 41 is slidably connected inside the holes. A disc is fixedly connected to one end of the push rod 41 near the cylinder 42, and the diameter of the disc is larger than the diameter of the hole. The disc is used to limit the length by which the cylinder 42 drives the push rod 41 to move. A backflow prevention plate 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the conveyor frame 2 near the feed hopper 1, and a scraper plate 24 is fixedly connected to the end of the conveyor frame 2 away from the feed hopper 1. The anti-backflow plate 23 is inclined from one end of the feed hopper 1 to the other end of the scraper plate 24. The scraper plate 24 is triangular in shape, and the top of the scraper plate 24 is in contact with the outer side of the conveyor belt 22. The scraper plate 24 can scrape off the mineral material adhering to the surface of the conveyor belt 22. Since the main components of phosphate tailings are carbonate minerals such as calcite and dolomite, carbonate minerals themselves have a certain degree of adhesion. The extremely fine particles, combined with the natural adhesion of the minerals, make phosphate tailings very easy to form a viscous paste after encountering water. This paste state has strong adhesion and cohesion. Once it comes into contact with the surface of the conveyor belt 22, it will stick firmly. Therefore, the scraper plate 24 is needed to scrape the conveyor belt 22.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, a material turning assembly 43 is fixedly connected to the guide plate 4. The material turning assembly 43 includes a material turning chute 431, which is opened through the side of the fixed slide rail 412 along the length direction of the conveyor frame 2 and is opened along the width direction of the conveyor frame 2. like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a spiral groove 432 is provided on the outer side of the push rod 41, and a sleeve 433 is slidably connected to the outer side of the push rod 41. An extension tube 434 is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve 433 away from the cylinder 42. Several tipping rods 435 are fixedly connected to the end of the extension tube 434 away from the cylinder 42. Several tipping rods 435 are equidistantly distributed around the outer surface of the extension tube 434. Multiple sets of spiral grooves 432 and sleeves 433 are provided, and the number of both is the same. Several spiral grooves 432 and sleeves 433 are equidistantly distributed on the push rod 41 along the width direction of the conveyor frame 2. The spiral grooves 432 are opened on the outside of the push rod 41, and the sleeves 433 are slidably sleeved on the outside of the push rod 41. Each spiral groove 432 is slidably connected to the outside of a sleeve 433. An embedded rod 438 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 433. The end of the embedded rod 438 near the push rod 41 is slidably connected to the inside of the spiral groove 432. The length of each spiral groove 432 on the push rod 41 is greater than the length of the sleeve 433. like Figure 7 As shown, a connecting annular groove 436 is provided on the outer side of the sleeve 433. The connecting annular groove 436 is opened around the sleeve 433. Two limiting slide rods 437 are slidably connected inside the connecting annular groove 436. The two limiting slide rods 437 are symmetrical about the vertical plane along the length direction of the sleeve 433. The end of the limiting slide rod 437 away from the sleeve 433 is slidably connected inside the nearby material turning groove 431. like Figure 7 As shown, the cross-sections of the connecting ring groove 436 and the limiting slide bar 437 near the end of the push rod 41 are both trapezoidal, and the connecting ring groove 436 and the end of the push rod 41 form a self-locking fit. A spraying assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the guide plate 4. The spraying assembly includes two baffle plates 44 symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the guide plate 4. Each baffle plate 44 spans the upper end of the two guide plates 4. The two baffle plates 44 are symmetrical along the length direction of the conveyor frame 2. Two horizontal grooves 441 are symmetrically opened on the baffle plate 44. The two horizontal grooves 441 are symmetrical along the width direction of the conveyor frame 2. Both horizontal grooves 441 are opened along the width direction of the conveyor frame 2. A vertical groove 442 is opened in the middle of the baffle plate 44 between the two horizontal grooves 441. The vertical groove 442 is opened along the height direction of the conveyor frame 2. like Figure 11As shown, two spray plates 443 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the two baffle plates 44, and a limit plate 444 is provided between the opposite ends of the two spray plates 443. The two ends of the limit plate 444 are respectively rotatably connected to the two spray plates 443 through a rotating shaft. Sprayers are connected to the bottom of both the spray frame 3 and the spray plate 443. Water conveying channels are opened on the inner side of both the spray frame 3 and the spray plate 443. The conveying channels are connected to the sprayers. Both the spray frame 3 and the spray plate 443 are connected to the output end of an external water pump. The spray plate 443 is connected to the water pump through a hose, and the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the spray liquid storage component. like Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, a horizontal rod 446 is fixedly inserted through one end of each of the two spray plates 443 that are far apart from each other. The two ends of the horizontal rod 446 are slidably inserted into the adjacent horizontal grooves 441. A transmission plate 445 is inserted through the side of the limiting plate 444. The two ends of the transmission plate 445 are slidably connected to the two vertical grooves 442. A T-shaped frame 45 is fixedly connected to the top of a transverse crushing rod 411 near the cylinder 42. Parallel connecting rods 451 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the T-shaped frame 45. Horizontal slide rails 452 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two baffles 44. The two parallel connecting rods 451 are respectively inserted into the adjacent horizontal slide rails 452, and the parallel connecting rods 451 are slidably connected to the horizontal slide rails 452. Two baffle plates 44 are rotatably connected to right-angle brackets 453 via round shafts on opposite sides. Lifting rods 455 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of transmission plate 445. Sliding sleeves 454 are slidably sleeved at both ends of each right-angle bracket 453. The lower end of the lifting rod 455 is rotatably connected to the adjacent sliding sleeve 454 via a rotating shaft. The end of the connecting rod 451 near the right-angle bracket 453 is rotatably connected to the adjacent sliding sleeve 454 via a rotating shaft. like Figure 11 As shown, the right-angle frame 453 is L-shaped and consists of two straight rods, namely a force-bearing rod and a force-relieving rod. The force-bearing rod and the force-relieving rod are of the same length and the included angle is 90 degrees. The force-bearing rod is slidably connected to the sliding sleeve 454 on the connecting rod 451, and the force-relieving rod is slidably connected to the sliding sleeve 454 on the lifting rod 455. In the natural state, the bottom ends of the force-bearing rod and the force-relieving rod of the right-angle frame 453 are on the same horizontal plane.

[0025] In actual use, the operator feeds the phosphorus tailings onto the conveyor belt 22 through the feed hopper 1. The feed hopper 1 can achieve uniform and continuous feeding. Directly pouring the material onto the conveyor belt 22 often results in inconsistent amounts, which can easily cause local overload or idling of the conveyor belt 22, affecting the conveying efficiency and even causing problems such as material spillage and deviation. At the same time, when the ore is poured directly, the impact force and gravity of the phosphorus tailings are concentrated in a local area of ​​the conveyor belt 22, which can easily cause wear, tearing or even breakage of the conveyor belt 22. The feed hopper 1 plays a buffering and transitioning role, allowing the phosphorus tailings to fall onto the conveyor belt 22 in a more uniform and gentle manner, which significantly extends the service life of the conveyor belt 22. After the phosphate tailings enter conveyor belt 22, the operator activates the spray frame 3. At this time, a spray solution containing phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is sprayed onto the surface of the phosphate tailings conveyed by conveyor belt 22. When the bacteria come into contact with the phosphate tailings, they secrete organic acids and phosphatases on the ore surface. This type of bacteria can convert the insoluble phosphates in the phosphate tailings into soluble phosphorus that can be absorbed by plants. The soluble phosphorus in the recycled spray solution is easier for the operator to recover, thus achieving the harmless treatment of the phosphate tailings. However, after spraying... During the process, since phosphorus tailings are an ultrafine particle system with an average particle size of about 3.7μm to 18.7μm, most of the particles are micro-fine powder. This extremely fine particle size means that there are many contact points between particles and very small pores. Once they come into contact with water, the water is quickly absorbed, and the particles are tightly "pulled" together by their own weight and capillary force to form a dense hard shell layer. This dense hard shell layer will prevent the subsequent sprayed liquid from penetrating downwards, thus preventing the ore material below from contacting the sprayed liquid. When the operator starts the cylinder 42, before the cylinder 42 is in operation, the longitudinal crushing rod 413 will crush the slab material passing below it along the length of the conveyor frame 2, so that the integral hard shell surface will have crushing gaps, allowing the spray liquid to penetrate downward through the gaps. Then, cylinder 42 will start, at which time cylinder 42 will drive push rod 41 to move along the width direction of conveyor frame 2. During this period, push rod 41 will move under the support of conveyor frame 2 and guide plate 4. During the movement of push rod 41, it will drive the transverse crushing rod 411 fixedly connected to it to move together. The transverse crushing rod 411 can crush the plated block along the width direction of conveyor frame 2 until the disc and the round hole reach the limit. At this time, cylinder 42 will stop extending and retract. At this time, the output end of cylinder 42 will drive push rod 41 to move in the opposite direction, and drive transverse crushing rod 411 to move in the opposite direction, so as to crush the plated block again along the width direction of conveyor frame 2. This repeated crushing movement can make the crushing effect of plated hard shell better and the crushed smaller. Furthermore, during the movement of the push rod 41, the sleeve 433 also moves along with it. The sleeve 433 drives the limiting slide rod 437 to slide along the tilting chute 431 until the limiting slide rod 437 slides to the end of the tilting chute 431. At this time, the limiting slide rod 437 is blocked by the tilting chute 431, causing the limiting slide rod 437 to be unable to move further. When the limiting slide rod 437 is restricted from moving, the sleeve 433 will no longer move with the push rod 41, while the push rod 41 continues to be pushed by the cylinder 42. Therefore, the spiral chute 432 still moves with the push rod 41. When the spiral chute 432 moves horizontally, it pushes the inner rod 438 to slide along the trajectory of the spiral chute 432. Since the spiral chute 432 is spirally opened on the surface of the push rod 41, it pushes the inner rod 438 to rotate. The inner rod 438 drives the sleeve 433 to rotate synchronously, the sleeve 433 drives the extension tube 434 to rotate synchronously, and the extension tube 434 drives the turning rod 435 to rotate synchronously, thereby turning over the passing ore, so that the ore at the bottom is turned over to the top, so that the ore can come into more full contact with the spray liquid. Since the limiting slide bar 437 is slidably connected to the sleeve 433 through the connecting ring groove 436, the sleeve 433 will rotate under the support of the limiting slide bar 437, thereby enabling the sleeve 433 and the extension tube 434 to rotate stably. During this period, the baffle plate 44 can block the turned-up ore, thereby preventing the ore from splashing to the outside of the conveyor frame 2. At the same time, while the turning rod 435 is rotating, the turning rod 435 can also beat the slabs that have been broken by the slab crushing mechanism, making the slabs smaller and thus making it easier for the spray liquid to come into contact with the ore. Meanwhile, during the movement of the cylinder 42 driving the push rod 41, the transverse crushing rod 411 will drive the T-shaped frame 45 to move away from the cylinder 42, and the T-shaped frame 45 will drive the connecting rod 451 connected to it to move. During this period, the horizontal slide rail 452 can provide guidance and support for the movement of the connecting rod 451. When the connecting rod 451 moves, it will drive the sliding sleeve 454 rotatably connected to its end to move, and the sliding sleeve 454 will push the force-bearing rod of the right angle frame 453 to move. At that time, the right-angle frame 453 will rotate. As the right-angle frame 453 rotates, the force-relieving rod of the right-angle frame 453 will rise. The force-relieving rod will drive the sliding sleeve 454 on the lifting rod 455 to rise. The sliding sleeve 454 will drive the lifting rod 455, which is rotatably connected to it, to rise together. The lifting rod 455 will drive the transmission plate 445 to rise. At that time, the transmission plate 445 will rise inside the vertical groove 442. When the transmission plate 445 rises, it will drive the limiting plate 444 to rise synchronously. The limiting plate 444 will drive one end of the two spray plates 443 to rise together, causing one end of the spray plate 443 to swing upward. At the same time, it will drive the other end of the spray plate 443 to move. The end of the spray plate 443 away from the transmission plate 445 will drive the horizontal rod 446 to slide inside the horizontal groove 441. At that time, the two spray plates 443 will tilt towards each other, so that the two spray plates 443 are distributed in an inverted V shape. Figure 9 As shown; When cylinder 42 retracts, push rod 41 is moved closer to cylinder 42. Simultaneously, T-shaped frame 45 also moves closer to cylinder 42, driving connecting rod 451 to move as well. Connecting rod 451, in turn, drives sliding sleeve 454, which is rotatably connected to it, to move as well. As sliding sleeve 454 moves, the force-bearing rod of right-angle frame 453 moves upward, while the force-releasing rod of right-angle frame 453 moves downward. This downward movement of the force-releasing rod causes lifting rod 455 to move transmission plate 445 downward. Transmission plate 445 then moves limiting plate 444 downward, causing one end of spray plate 443 to swing downward. The end of spray plate 443 away from transmission plate 445 moves away from each other within transverse groove 441 via transverse rod 446 until both spray plates 443 are horizontal. Figure 11 As shown; This repeated cycle increases the spray angle and spray range of the spray plate 443, ensuring that the sides of the turned-over ore are also covered by the sprayed bacterial solution. When operating in conjunction with the caking and crushing mechanism and the turning component 43, the conveyed phosphorus tailings are sprayed more thoroughly. This not only reduces the number of sprays, thus lowering costs, but also increases the speed at which the bacterial solution decomposes the phosphorus tailings. It also improves the efficiency of phosphorus recovery from the phosphorus tailings by operators, resulting in higher adhesion efficiency of the spray solution per spray and avoiding waste.

[0026] In another embodiment of the present invention, a method for harmlessly treating phosphorus tailings is disclosed, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The accumulated phosphate tailings are manually fed into the feed hopper 1. The ore inside the feed hopper 1 will then enter the conveying mechanism through the discharge port of the feed hopper 1 and be conveyed by the conveying mechanism. Step 2: The operator then turns on the spray pump, which sprays the inoculum solution onto the surface of the mineral material being conveyed on the conveyor mechanism. Step 3: After the spraying liquid comes into contact with the surface of the ore, the ore will clump together. As the conveying continues, the clumps will be broken up by the clump breaking mechanism, so that the spraying liquid can come into contact with the ore below the clumps. Step 4: Subsequently, the caking and crushing mechanism will drive the turning component 43 to operate together, thereby turning over the caking blocks to be crushed, turning the ore at the bottom to the top, so that the ore can come into full contact with the spray liquid, and the caking blocks can also be crushed a second time during the turning process. Step 5: During the operation of the material turning component 43, the spraying component will be driven to operate, so that the spray plate 443 can spray the ore at multiple angles, thereby making the ore more fully in contact with the spraying liquid and improving the spraying efficiency.

[0027] The embodiments of this example have been described above. However, this example is not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. The specific implementation methods described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms based on the guidance of this example, and all of them are within the protection scope of this example.

Claims

1. A harmless treatment device for phosphorus tailings, comprising a feeding hopper (1), a conveying mechanism, a spray frame (3) and a bridging and crushing mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism is disposed at the discharge end of the feeding hopper (1), the spray frame (3) is installed at the top of the conveying mechanism, the bridging and crushing mechanism is installed on the conveying mechanism, and a cylinder (42) is fixedly installed on one side of the conveying mechanism, the cylinder (42) being used to drive the bridging and crushing mechanism to reciprocate along the width direction of the conveying mechanism; Its features are, The plate breakage mechanism includes a guide plate (4) and a push rod (41). The guide plate (4) is fixedly installed on the conveying mechanism. The guide plate (4) is divided into two, and the two guide plates (4) are symmetrical along the width direction of the conveying mechanism. The middle section of the conveying mechanism is slidably connected to the push rod (41) along its width direction. The push rod (41) passes through the two guide plates (4). The push rod (41) is in active contact with the guide plate (4). One end of the push rod (41) is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (42). Several fixed slide rails (412) are provided between the two guide plates (4). The several fixed slide rails (412) are fixedly connected to each other through a U-shaped frame (414). A transverse breakage rod (411) is slidably installed inside the fixed slide rail (412). The transverse breakage rod (411) is fixedly connected to the outside of the push rod (41). A longitudinal breakage rod (413) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed slide rail (412).

2. The harmless treatment device for phosphate tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism includes a conveyor frame (2) and a first motor (21). The first motor (21) is fixedly installed on the side of the conveyor frame (2) near the feed hopper (1). The two ends of the conveyor frame (2) are rotatably connected to rollers along its width direction. The outer sides of the two rollers are fitted with a conveyor belt (22). The two rollers are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the inner side of the conveyor belt (22). Several idlers are installed at equal intervals between the two rollers inside the conveyor frame (2). The idlers are installed on the inner side of the conveyor belt (22) and are used to support the conveyor belt (22) and the material. One end of one of the rollers is connected to the output end of the first motor (21). The roller is driven to rotate through the output end of the first motor (21), and the roller drives the conveyor belt (22) to rotate.

3. The harmless treatment device for phosphorus tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two guide plates (4) are bent at both ends along the length of the conveyor frame (2) away from each other, and both ends of the guide plates (4) along the length of the conveyor frame (2) are fixedly connected to the conveyor frame (2). The conveyor frame (2) and the guide plates (4) are provided with circular holes on both sides. The push rod (41) is slidably connected inside the circular hole. A disc is fixedly connected to one end of the push rod (41) near the cylinder (42), and the diameter of the disc is larger than the diameter of the circular hole. The disc is used to limit the length of the push rod (41) driven by the cylinder (42) to move.

4. The harmless treatment device for phosphate tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveyor frame (2) is fixedly connected to an anti-backflow plate (23) at one end near the feed hopper (1), and a scraper plate (24) is fixedly connected to the other end of the conveyor frame (2) away from the feed hopper (1). The anti-backflow plate (23) is inclined from one end of the feed hopper (1) to one end of the scraper plate (24). The scraper plate (24) is triangular in shape, and the top of the scraper plate (24) is in contact with the outer side of the conveyor belt (22).

5. The harmless treatment device for phosphorus tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that, A material-turning assembly (43) is fixedly connected to the guide plate (4). The material-turning assembly (43) includes a material-turning chute (431), which is opened through both sides of the fixed slide rail (412) along the length of the conveyor frame (2). The material-turning chute (431) is opened along the width of the conveyor frame (2). A spiral chute (432) is opened on the outside of the push rod (41). A sleeve (433) is slidably connected to the outside of the push rod (41). An extension tube (434) is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve (433) away from the cylinder (42). Several material-turning rods (435) are fixedly connected to the end of the extension tube (434) away from the cylinder (42). The spiral grooves (432) and sleeves (433) are equidistantly distributed around the outer surface of the extension tube (434). Multiple sets of spiral grooves (432) and sleeves (433) are provided, and the number of both is the same. Several spiral grooves (432) and sleeves (433) are equidistantly distributed on the push rod (41) along the width direction of the conveyor frame (2). The spiral grooves (432) are opened on the outside of the push rod (41), and the sleeves (433) are slidably sleeved on the outside of the push rod (41). Each set of spiral grooves (432) is slidably connected to the outside of the sleeves (433). An embedded rod (438) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (433). The end of the embedded rod (438) near the push rod (41) is slidably connected to the inside of the spiral groove (432).

6. The harmless treatment device for phosphorus tailings according to claim 5, characterized in that, A connecting ring groove (436) is provided on the outer side of the sleeve (433). The connecting ring groove (436) is opened around the sleeve (433). Two limiting slide rods (437) are slidably connected inside the connecting ring groove (436). The two limiting slide rods (437) are symmetrical about the vertical plane along the length direction of the sleeve (433). The end of the limiting slide rod (437) away from the sleeve (433) is slidably connected inside the nearby turning slide groove (431). The cross-sections of the connecting ring groove (436) and the limiting slide rod (437) near the push rod (41) are both trapezoidal. The connecting ring groove (436) and the end of the push rod (41) form a self-locking fit.

7. The device for harmless treatment of phosphorus tailings according to claim 5, characterized in that, A spraying assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the guide plate (4). The spraying assembly includes two baffle plates (44) symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the guide plate (4). Each baffle plate (44) spans the upper end of the two guide plates (4). The two baffle plates (44) are symmetrical along the length direction of the conveyor frame (2). Two horizontal grooves (441) are symmetrically opened on the baffle plate (44). The two horizontal grooves (441) are symmetrical along the width direction of the conveyor frame (2), and both horizontal grooves (441) are opened along the width direction of the conveyor frame (2). A vertical groove (442) is opened in the middle of the baffle plate (44) between the two horizontal grooves (441). The vertical groove (442) is opened along the height direction of the conveyor frame (2).

8. The harmless treatment device for phosphorus tailings according to claim 7, characterized in that, Two spray plates (443) are symmetrically arranged in the middle of two baffle plates (44). A limiting plate (444) is provided between the opposite ends of the two spray plates (443). The two ends of the limiting plate (444) are respectively rotatably connected to the two spray plates (443) through a rotating shaft. A transverse rod (446) is fixedly inserted through the two ends of the spray plates (443) that are far apart from each other. The two ends of the transverse rod (446) are respectively slidably inserted into the adjacent transverse groove (441). A transmission plate (445) is inserted through the side of the limiting plate (444). The two ends of the transmission plate (445) are respectively slidably connected to the two vertical grooves (442).

9. A harmless treatment device for phosphorus tailings according to claim 8, characterized in that, A T-shaped frame (45) is fixedly connected to the top of a transverse crushing rod (411) near the cylinder (42). Parallel connecting rods (451) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the T-shaped frame (45). Horizontal slide rails (452) are fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the two baffles (44). The two parallel connecting rods (451) are respectively inserted into the adjacent horizontal slide rails (452), and the parallel connecting rods (451) are slidably connected to the horizontal slide rails (452). The opposite surfaces of the two baffles (44) are connected by a round shaft. A right-angle frame (453) is rotatably connected. The two right-angle frames (453) are symmetrical about the vertical plane along the length of the conveyor frame (2). A lifting rod (455) is symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the transmission plate (445). Sliding sleeves (454) are slidably fitted at both ends of each right-angle frame (453). The lower end of the lifting rod (455) is rotatably connected to the adjacent sliding sleeve (454) through a rotating shaft. The end of the connecting rod (451) near the right-angle frame (453) is rotatably connected to the adjacent sliding sleeve (454) through a rotating shaft.

10. A method for harmlessly treating phosphorus tailings according to any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The accumulated phosphate tailings are manually fed into the feed hopper (1). The ore inside the feed hopper (1) will then enter the conveying mechanism through the discharge port of the feed hopper (1) and be conveyed by the conveying mechanism. Step 2: The operator then turns on the spray pump, which sprays the inoculum solution onto the surface of the mineral material being conveyed on the conveyor mechanism. Step 3: After the spraying liquid comes into contact with the surface of the ore, the ore will clump together. As the conveying continues, the clumps will be broken up by the clump breaking mechanism, so that the spraying liquid can come into contact with the ore below the clumps. Step 4: Subsequently, the caking and crushing mechanism will drive the turning component (43) to operate together, thereby turning over the caking blocks to be crushed, turning the ore at the bottom to the top, so that the ore can come into full contact with the spray liquid, and during the turning process, the caking blocks can also be crushed a second time. Step 5: During the operation of the material turning component (43), the spraying component will be driven to operate, so that the spray plate (443) can spray the ore from multiple angles, thereby making the ore more fully contact the spraying liquid and improving the spraying efficiency.

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