Rotary extrusion forming device and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of extrusion forming, and particularly relates to a rotary extrusion forming device and method. The rotary extrusion forming device comprises a base, an extrusion cylinder assembly is rotatably installed in the base through a bearing, the extrusion cylinder assembly is formed by interference fit of an extrusion outer liner and an extrusion inner liner, one end of the extrusion inner liner is exposed outside the extrusion outer liner, a rotary driving assembly is installed on the exposed side of the extrusion inner liner and used for driving the extrusion inner liner to rotate, an extrusion rod is slidably arranged in the extrusion inner liner, an outer end of the extrusion rod is fixedly connected with a driving oil cylinder, and a die assembly is arranged at the outlet side of the extrusion cylinder assembly. The core idea of driving the extrusion cylinder assembly to rotate is adopted, continuous axial extrusion production and circumferential shearing deformation of a blank are fused, and full-range severe plastic deformation of a metal material is realized on an industrialized continuous production line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of extrusion molding technology, specifically relating to a rotary extrusion molding apparatus and method. Background Technology

[0002] Metal extrusion forming is a plastic forming method. The process involves placing a metal billet in an extrusion cylinder, applying pressure through an extrusion rod, and forcing the billet to flow out through a die of a specific shape to obtain a product with the desired cross-sectional shape. This method is widely used in the preparation of long products such as aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, and steel.

[0003] To improve product performance, especially through grain refinement for increased strength and toughness, existing technologies primarily rely on introducing shear deformation during the extrusion process. Current techniques utilize static die shear extrusion, characterized by the creation of a fixed, geometrically abrupt, high-shear zone within the die. As metal flows through this zone, it undergoes a single, intense shear deformation under hydrostatic pressure. While this technique effectively refines grains and is commonly used in laboratory preparation of ultrafine-grained materials, its process is inherently intermittent—the billet must be removed and reloaded after each deformation before the next pass can begin. Therefore, it cannot meet the demands of continuous industrial production of long-sized products. Furthermore, because the shear deformation is concentrated only at specific geometric inflection points in the die, the uniformity of the microstructure along the product's length is difficult to guarantee, and stress concentration is easily generated in the shear zone. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a rotary extrusion forming apparatus and method to address the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A rotary extrusion forming apparatus includes a base, within which an extrusion cylinder assembly is rotatably mounted via bearings. The extrusion cylinder assembly is formed by an extrusion outer liner and an extrusion inner liner, which are interference-fitted together. The axial length of the extrusion inner liner is greater than that of the extrusion outer liner, such that one end of the extrusion inner liner is exposed outside the extrusion outer liner. A rotary drive assembly is mounted on the exposed side of the extrusion inner liner to drive the extrusion inner liner to rotate. An extrusion rod is slidably disposed inside the extrusion inner liner, and the outer end of the extrusion rod is fixedly connected to a drive cylinder. A mold assembly is disposed on the outlet side of the extrusion cylinder assembly. Both the mold assembly and the drive cylinder are fixedly mounted on a frame assembly. The base is slidably mounted on the frame assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, the rotary drive assembly includes a sun gear keyed to the exposed side of the extruded liner. The sun gear meshes with multiple planet gears, and a fixed gear ring meshes with the outer sides of the multiple planet gears. The fixed gear ring is fixedly mounted on the housing, and the housing is fixedly mounted on the base by bolts. A slewing bearing is also mounted on the housing. The outer ring of the slewing bearing is fixedly connected to the housing, and the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring of the slewing bearing is provided with meshing teeth. The meshing teeth mesh with a drive gear, and the drive gear is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor. The drive motor is fixedly mounted on the housing, and multiple support shafts are fixedly mounted on one side of the inner ring of the slewing bearing. The planet gears are rotatably mounted on the corresponding support shafts.

[0007] Furthermore, an encoder is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor to monitor the rotational state of the drive motor in real time. The encoder and the drive motor are electrically connected to the control system of the extruder.

[0008] A rotational extrusion forming method includes the following steps: S1, Axial extrusion adjustment: First, adjust the axial position of the base, move the extrusion cylinder assembly to the working position, and drive the extrusion rod to push the workpiece into the extrusion cylinder assembly by controlling the drive cylinder. S2, Rotary Extrusion Forming: When the workpiece is upset and forms an interference fit with the inner lining of the extrusion cylinder under the combined action of the extrusion rod, extrusion cylinder assembly and die assembly, the drive motor is started. The extrusion cylinder assembly is rotated through the transmission of the rotary drive assembly. During the rotation of the extrusion cylinder assembly, the extrusion rod is fed axially in sync. The control system performs closed-loop linkage control of the axial feed of the extrusion rod and the rotation of the extrusion cylinder assembly to ensure that at every moment in the extrusion process, the axial compressive strain borne by the metal billet and the additional shear strain introduced by the rotation of the extrusion cylinder assembly are superimposed according to a predetermined law until one extrusion stroke is completed. S3, Cycle: After one extrusion stroke is completed, the drive motor stops working and the extrusion rod is driven back to the initial position by the drive cylinder. S1 and S2 are repeated to achieve continuous, uniform, and full-range shearing and extrusion forming of long blanks.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention integrates continuous axial extrusion production with circumferential shear deformation of billets through the core concept of driving the extrusion cylinder assembly to rotate. It achieves intense plastic deformation of the entire range of metal materials on an industrial continuous production line, solving the long-standing technical bottleneck in the field that "high-strength shearing" and "continuous production" cannot be achieved simultaneously.

[0010] This invention actively and continuously rotates the billet throughout the entire extrusion deformation zone, establishing a shear strain field from the entrance of the deformation zone and extending it throughout the entire plastic zone. This not only achieves a more uniform strain distribution and grain refinement, but also allows for precise quantitative and programmed control of the total shear strain borne by the billet by accurately controlling the rotational speed of the extrusion liner, thereby enabling proactive design and optimization of the material's microstructure and properties. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the base and the outer shell of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotary drive assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the extruded outer liner and the extruded inner liner of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the rotary drive assembly of the present invention; In the figure, 1 is the base, 2 is the extrusion liner, 3 is the extrusion inner liner, 4 is the extrusion rod, 5 is the drive cylinder, 6 is the mold assembly, 7 is the frame assembly, 8 is the sun gear, 9 is the planet gear, 10 is the fixed gear ring, 11 is the outer shell, 12 is the slewing bearing, 13 is the meshing gear, 14 is the drive gear, 15 is the drive motor, and 16 is the support shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below through embodiments.

[0013] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a rotary extrusion forming apparatus includes a base 1. An extrusion cylinder assembly is rotatably mounted in the base 1 via bearings. The extrusion cylinder assembly is formed by an extrusion outer liner 2 and an extrusion inner liner 3, which are interference-fitted together. The axial length of the extrusion inner liner 3 is greater than that of the extrusion outer liner 2, so that one end of the extrusion inner liner 3 is exposed outside the extrusion outer liner 2. A rotary drive assembly is installed on the exposed side of the extrusion inner liner 3 to drive the extrusion inner liner 3 to rotate. An extrusion rod 4 is slidably arranged inside the extrusion inner liner 3. The outer end of the extrusion rod 4 is fixedly connected to a drive cylinder 5. A mold assembly 6 is arranged on the outlet side of the extrusion cylinder assembly. The mold assembly 6 and the drive cylinder 5 are both fixedly mounted on a frame assembly 7. The base 1 is slidably mounted on the frame assembly 7.

[0014] The rotary drive assembly includes a sun gear 8 keyed to the exposed side of the extrusion liner 3. The sun gear 8 is meshed with multiple planet gears 9. A fixed gear ring 10 is meshed with the outer sides of the multiple planet gears 9. The fixed gear ring 10 is fixedly mounted on the housing 11. The housing 11 is fixedly mounted on the base 1 by bolts. A slewing bearing 12 is also mounted on the housing 11. The outer ring of the slewing bearing 12 is fixedly connected to the housing 11. The inner circumferential surface of the inner ring of the slewing bearing 12 is provided with meshing teeth 13. The meshing teeth 13 mesh with a drive gear 14. The drive gear 14 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 15. The drive motor 15 is fixedly mounted on the housing 11. Multiple support shafts 16 are fixedly mounted on one side of the inner ring of the slewing bearing 12. The planet gears 9 are rotatably mounted on the corresponding support shafts 16. An encoder is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 15 to monitor the rotational state of the drive motor 15 in real time. The encoder and the drive motor 15 are electrically connected to the control system of the extruder.

[0015] A rotational extrusion forming method includes the following steps: S1, Axial extrusion adjustment: First, adjust the axial position of the base 1, move the extrusion cylinder assembly to the working position, and drive the extrusion rod 4 to push the workpiece into the extrusion cylinder assembly by controlling the drive cylinder 5. S2, Rotary Extrusion Forming: When the workpiece is upset and forms an interference fit with the inner lining of the extrusion cylinder under the combined action of the extrusion rod 4, the extrusion cylinder assembly and the die assembly 6, the drive motor 15 is started. The extrusion cylinder assembly is rotated through the transmission of the rotary drive assembly. During the rotation of the extrusion cylinder assembly, the extrusion rod 4 is fed axially in sync. The control system performs closed-loop linkage control on the axial feed of the extrusion rod 4 and the rotation of the extrusion cylinder assembly to ensure that at every moment in the extrusion process, the axial compressive strain borne by the metal billet and the additional shear strain introduced by the rotation of the extrusion cylinder assembly are superimposed according to a predetermined law until one extrusion stroke is completed. S3, Cycle: After one extrusion stroke is completed, the drive motor 15 stops working and drives the extrusion rod 4 back to the initial position through the drive cylinder 5, repeating S1 and S2 to achieve continuous, uniform, and full-range shearing extrusion forming of long blanks.

[0016] The foregoing has shown and described the main features and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

[0017] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A rotary extrusion forming apparatus, characterized in that: The system includes a base (1), in which an extrusion cylinder assembly is rotatably mounted via bearings. The extrusion cylinder assembly is formed by an extrusion outer liner (2) and an extrusion inner liner (3) with an interference fit. The axial length of the extrusion inner liner (3) is greater than that of the extrusion outer liner (2), so that one end of the extrusion inner liner (3) is exposed outside the extrusion outer liner (2). A rotary drive assembly is installed on the exposed side of the extrusion inner liner (3) to drive the extrusion inner liner (3) to rotate. An extrusion rod (4) is slidably arranged inside the extrusion inner liner (3). The outer end of the extrusion rod (4) is fixedly connected to a drive cylinder (5). A mold assembly (6) is provided on the outlet side of the extrusion cylinder assembly. The mold assembly (6) and the drive cylinder (5) are both fixedly mounted on a frame assembly (7). The base (1) is slidably mounted on the frame assembly (7).

2. The rotary extrusion forming apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly includes a sun gear (8) keyed to the exposed side of the extrusion liner (3), the sun gear (8) meshing with multiple planet gears (9), a fixed gear ring (10) meshing with the outer sides of the multiple planet gears (9), the fixed gear ring (10) being fixedly mounted on the housing (11), the housing (11) being fixedly mounted on the base (1) by bolts, a slewing bearing (12) being mounted on the housing (11), the outer ring of the slewing bearing (12) being fixedly connected to the housing (11), the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring of the slewing bearing (12) being provided with meshing teeth (13), the meshing teeth (13) meshing with a drive gear (14), the drive gear (14) being fixedly mounted on the output shaft of a drive motor (15), the drive motor (15) being fixedly mounted on the housing (11), multiple support shafts (16) being fixedly mounted on one side of the inner ring of the slewing bearing (12), and the planet gears (9) being rotatably mounted on the corresponding support shafts (16).

3. The rotary extrusion forming apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: An encoder is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor (15) to monitor the rotation state of the drive motor (15) in real time. The encoder and the drive motor (15) are electrically connected to the control system of the extruder.

4. A rotary extrusion forming method, based on the rotary extrusion forming apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1, Axial extrusion adjustment: First adjust the axial position of the base (1), move the extrusion cylinder assembly to the working position, and drive the extrusion rod (4) to push the workpiece into the extrusion cylinder assembly by controlling the drive cylinder (5); S2, Rotary extrusion forming: When the workpiece is upset and forms an interference fit with the inner lining of the extrusion cylinder under the combined action of the extrusion rod (4), the extrusion cylinder assembly and the die assembly (6), the drive motor (15) is started. The extrusion cylinder assembly is rotated by the transmission of the rotary drive assembly. During the rotation of the extrusion cylinder assembly, the extrusion rod (4) is fed axially in sync. The axial feed of the extrusion rod (4) and the rotation of the extrusion cylinder assembly are controlled in a closed loop by the control system to ensure that at every moment in the extrusion process, the axial compressive strain borne by the metal billet and the additional shear strain introduced by the rotation of the extrusion cylinder assembly are superimposed according to a predetermined law until one extrusion stroke is completed. S3, Cycle: When an extrusion stroke is completed, the drive motor (15) stops working and drives the extrusion rod (4) back to the initial position through the drive cylinder (5). Repeat S1 and S2 to achieve continuous, uniform, and full-range shearing extrusion forming of long blanks.

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