Amorphous alloy powder preparation device and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of atomization powder production, in particular to a preparation device and method of amorphous alloy powder, which comprises the following units: a molten metal supply unit, an inert gas atomization unit, a double-swirl cooling unit, a reverse-cone inner cylinder, a reverse-cone outer cylinder, an annular interlayer flow channel, a first liquid inlet assembly, a bottom annular liquid injection slot and a second liquid inlet assembly, the bottom annular liquid injection slot is used for spraying the second cooling liquid to form a bottom rotating reverse-cone cooling liquid curtain, the projection of the bottom rotating reverse-cone cooling liquid curtain on a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the reverse-cone inner cylinder covers at least a part of the central area of the alloy powder intermediate, and the outlet direction of the bottom annular liquid injection slot is arranged so that the second cooling liquid has a circumferential velocity component, a radial velocity component towards the axis of the reverse-cone inner cylinder and a downward axial velocity component at the same time, and a sedimentation collection unit. The device can reduce the cooling blind area of the liquid drops in the central area and effectively inhibit the crystallization of alloy liquid drops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atomization powder preparation technology, and in particular to an apparatus and method for preparing amorphous alloy powder. Background Technology

[0002] Fe-based amorphous alloys possess low coercivity, high saturation magnetic induction, and good high-frequency soft magnetic properties, making them suitable for use in magnetic powder cores, molded inductors, and embedded power inductors. The formation of amorphous structures requires rapid heat dissipation from the atomized metal droplets before they reach their crystallization temperature range. Conventional gas atomization relies primarily on high-speed inert gas to break up and cool the melt, resulting in good powder sphericity. However, for droplets with larger particle sizes, flight trajectories close to the atomization axis, or high heat capacity, the gas-phase heat transfer capacity may be insufficient, easily leading to inadequate local cooling rates, uneven amorphization, or localized crystallization.

[0003] To improve cooling speed, existing technologies propose setting a rotating coolant layer below the atomization zone, allowing droplets to solidify rapidly upon entering the coolant. For example, CN109382521A discloses a metal powder manufacturing apparatus, including a molten metal supply section, a gas atomization section, a cylinder, and a coolant layer formed along the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder. This apparatus achieves rapid cooling of the droplets by bringing the atomized droplets into contact with the coolant layer on the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0004] However, existing rotating coolant devices typically rely solely on a single liquid layer flowing along the inner circumference of the cylinder for cooling. In actual cooling processes, droplets moving near the cylinder wall easily contact the liquid layer, thus achieving sufficient cooling. Droplets moving along the atomization axis or in the central region, being farther from the cylinder wall, struggle to fully contact the coolant layer over a longer flight distance. This results in insufficient cooling for these droplets, easily leading to localized crystallization and affecting the final quality of the amorphous alloy powder.

[0005] Therefore, how to increase the probability of droplets with different flight trajectories coming into contact with coolant and reduce the cooling blind zone of droplets in the central region is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide an amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus and method. The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided by the present invention forms a spatially complementary cooling region through a first rotating cooling liquid layer and a bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain, thereby increasing the probability of droplets with different flight trajectories contacting the cooling liquid and reducing the cooling blind zone of droplets in the central region, thus effectively suppressing the crystallization phenomenon of alloy droplets and reducing the coercivity of alloy powder.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus comprising, from top to bottom: Molten metal supply unit: used to supply molten metal; Inert gas atomizing unit: used to break the molten metal into droplets using atomizing gas; Dual-swirl cooling unit: used to cool the alloy powder intermediate after being broken down by the inert gas atomization unit to form amorphous alloy powder; the dual-swirl cooling unit includes an inverted conical inner cylinder, an inverted conical outer cylinder sleeved outside the inverted conical inner cylinder, an annular interlayer flow channel between the inverted conical inner cylinder and the inverted conical outer cylinder, a first liquid inlet assembly for forming a first rotating coolant layer with the first coolant, a bottom annular spray slit, and a second liquid inlet assembly for allowing the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit, wherein the first rotating coolant layer is attached to the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder. The bottom annular spray slit is disposed at the bottom of the annular interlayer flow channel. The bottom annular spray slit is used to spray out the second coolant to form a bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain. The projection of the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain on a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the inverted cone-shaped inner cylinder at least covers a portion of the central region of the alloy powder intermediate. The outlet direction of the bottom annular spray slit is set to spray the second coolant in a downward inclined direction, and simultaneously have a circumferential velocity component, a radial velocity component toward the axis of the inverted cone-shaped inner cylinder, and a downward axial velocity component. A sedimentation collection unit is used to settle and receive the amorphous alloy powder.

[0008] Furthermore, the amorphous alloy powder includes FeSiB-based amorphous alloy powder, and the composition of the amorphous alloy powder by mass percentage includes: Si: 1-14%, B: 1-5%, C: ≤4%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities; And / or, the molten metal supply unit includes a heat-resistant container for containing the molten metal, a heating coil is disposed on the outer periphery of the heat-resistant container, and an outlet is formed at the bottom of the heat-resistant container; And / or, the inert gas atomizing unit includes a gas atomizer, the gas atomizer being configured with a gas injection port, the center line of the gas injection port being inclined downward toward the axis of the molten metal supply unit and forming an angle of 10° to 45° with the downward extension direction of the axis of the molten metal supply unit. And / or, the inner diameter of the inverted conical inner cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the inverted conical outer cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom; And / or, the inverted conical inner cylinder and the inverted conical outer cylinder are coaxially arranged; And / or, the inverted conical inner cylinder has the same half-cone angle as the inverted conical outer cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the dual-swirl cooling unit also includes an atomizing cooling chamber, which is formed by the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder; the upper part of the atomizing cooling chamber is connected to the inert gas atomizing unit, and the lower part of the atomizing cooling chamber is connected to the sedimentation collection unit; inside the atomizing cooling chamber, a first rotating coolant layer is formed along the cylinder wall, and the bottom of the central region of the cavity is covered by the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain; The first liquid inlet assembly includes a first liquid inlet, which is disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder and directly communicates with the atomizing cooling chamber; there are multiple first liquid inlets, which are evenly disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder; the first liquid inlet is used to spray out the first coolant and make the first coolant rotate and flow downward along the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder to form the first rotating coolant layer; the liquid outlet direction of the first liquid inlet is along the tangent of the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder or has an angle of 5~30° relative to the tangent; and / or, the lower end of the annular interlayer flow channel is connected to the bottom annular spray slit, which is continuously disposed around the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder, or is composed of multiple arc-shaped spray slits evenly spaced along the circumference; And / or, the second liquid inlet assembly includes a second liquid inlet, which is disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder and directly communicates with the annular interlayer flow channel. The second liquid inlet is used to allow the second coolant to enter the annular interlayer flow channel; the second liquid inlet is used to spray out the second coolant and cause the second coolant to rotate and flow downward along the inner wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder, entering the bottom annular spray slit; there are multiple second liquid inlets, which are evenly disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder; the liquid outlet direction of the second liquid inlet is along the tangent of the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical outer cylinder or has an angle of 5~30° relative to the tangent; And / or, the projection of the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain on a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder covers the central region of the alloy powder intermediate.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end of the inverted conical outer cylinder is provided with a spray slit forming section extending radially inward toward the inverted conical inner cylinder. The inner wall surface of the spray slit forming section is arranged opposite to the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder. The annular gap between the inner wall surface of the spray slit forming section and the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder constitutes the bottom annular spray slit.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner wall surface of the liquid spraying slit forming section is a guide surface, which simultaneously satisfies the following conditions: it is inclined axially toward the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder and converges radially toward the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the guide surface is coaxially arranged with the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and the semi-cone angle of the guide surface is greater than the semi-cone angle of the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder, so that the annular gap between the guide surface and the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, the axial convergence angle between the outlet center direction of the bottom annular spray slit and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder is 30 to 60°. And / or, the axial convergence angle between the outlet center direction of the bottom annular spray slit and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder is greater than the half-cone angle between the side wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder, so that the second coolant deviates from the wall flow direction of the annular interlayer flow channel after being sprayed out, obtains a larger radial inward velocity component, and converges and extends towards the central region of the atomizing cooling chamber; And / or, the annular interlayer flow channel is provided with spiral guide ribs or oblique guide vanes; And / or, the bottom of the annular sandwich flow channel is provided with an isolation wall, which is used to separate the annular sandwich flow channel from the bottom annular spray slit, so that the bottom annular spray slit and the annular sandwich flow channel are not interconnected. The dual vortex cooling unit also includes a third liquid inlet assembly that communicates with the annular sandwich flow channel and is used to allow the third coolant to enter the annular sandwich flow channel, and a drain port for discharging the third coolant from the amorphous alloy powder preparation device. The bottom annular spray slit adopts a detachable or adjustable slit width structure. The second liquid inlet assembly includes a second liquid inlet. The second inlet is located on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit and is directly connected to the bottom annular spray slit. The second inlet is used to allow the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit. The second inlet is also used to spray out the second coolant and cause the second coolant to rotate and flow downward along the inner wall of the bottom annular spray slit. There are multiple second inlets, which are evenly distributed on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit. The outlet direction of the second inlet is along the tangent of the inner circumference of the bottom annular spray slit or has an angle of 5 to 30° relative to the tangent. And / or, the dual-vortex cooling unit further includes a third inlet assembly communicating with the annular interlayer flow channel and used to allow the third coolant to enter the annular interlayer flow channel. The outlet of the annular interlayer flow channel is provided with a three-way diversion structure. One of the three-way diversion structures is used to discharge part of the third coolant, and the other is used to mix the remaining part of the third coolant with the second coolant, so that the mixed solution enters the bottom annular spray slit and is sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit to form the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain. The bottom annular spray slit adopts a detachable or adjustable slit width structure, and the second inlet assembly... The component includes a second liquid inlet, which is disposed on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit and directly communicates with the bottom annular spray slit. The second liquid inlet is used to allow the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit. The second liquid inlet is also used to spray out the second coolant and cause the second coolant to rotate and flow downward along the inner wall of the bottom annular spray slit. There are multiple second liquid inlets, which are evenly disposed on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit. The liquid outlet direction of the second liquid inlet is along the tangent of the inner circumferential surface of the bottom annular spray slit or has an angle of 5 to 30° relative to the tangent. And / or, the first liquid inlet assembly, the second liquid inlet assembly and the third liquid inlet assembly each independently further include at least one of a pump, a flow regulating valve, a pressure sensor and a flow meter; And / or, a temperature sensor is provided at at least one of the first coolant inlet, the second coolant inlet, the second coolant outlet, and the third coolant outlet; the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature data of the coolant in real time, monitor temperature changes, and assist in judging the heat exchange status of the cooling system. And / or, the sedimentation collection unit includes a sedimentation bucket and a collection tank; And / or, the atomizing cooling chamber and / or the settling collection unit are provided with a gas emission channel, a pressure monitoring component and an overpressure relief structure.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing amorphous alloy powder, wherein the method for preparing amorphous alloy powder is performed using the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus as described in the first aspect.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation method of the amorphous alloy powder includes the following steps: S1. Start the first liquid inlet assembly and the second liquid inlet assembly, so that the first coolant forms the first rotating coolant layer along the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and the second coolant is sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit to form the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain. S2. Melt the alloy raw materials to obtain the molten metal; S3. The molten metal is broken up by atomizing gas to form metal droplets that move downward along different trajectories, thereby obtaining the alloy powder intermediate. S4. The alloy powder intermediate enters the dual-swirling cooling unit for cooling; S5. The cooled alloy powder enters the sedimentation and collection unit with the cooling liquid, and after solid-liquid separation and drying, the amorphous alloy powder is obtained.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S1, the second coolant first enters the annular interlayer flow channel, and then is sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit to form the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain. And / or, in step S1, the third liquid inlet assembly is activated, allowing the third coolant to enter the annular jacketed flow channel. After absorbing heat from the inverted conical inner cylinder wall, at least a portion of the third coolant is discharged from the amorphous alloy powder preparation device through the drain port or the three-way diversion structure. And / or, in step S1, at least a portion of the third coolant is mixed with the second coolant and then sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit to form the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain; And / or, in step S3, the molten metal 2 flows downward into the inert gas atomization unit; And / or, in step S4, the peripheral trajectory droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the first rotating cooling liquid layer, where they are further dispersed, cooled, and solidified. Simultaneously, the second or third cooling liquid absorbs heat from the inverted conical inner cylinder wall in the annular interlayer channel, and the central trajectory droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain downwards, where they solidify rapidly.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following: (1) The amorphous alloy powder preparation device provided by the present invention forms a spatially complementary cooling area through a first rotating cooling liquid layer and a bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped cooling liquid curtain, which increases the probability of droplets with different flight trajectories contacting the cooling liquid and reduces the cooling blind zone of droplets in the central region, thereby effectively suppressing the crystallization phenomenon of alloy droplets and reducing the coercivity of alloy powder.

[0018] (2) The amorphous alloy powder preparation device provided by the present invention can make the second coolant first cool the inverted conical cylinder wall in the annular sandwich flow channel, and then form an inverted conical cooling liquid curtain from the bottom annular spray slit, thereby realizing indirect cooling of the cylinder wall and direct cooling of the central powder flow in one flow path.

[0019] (3) The amorphous alloy powder preparation device provided by the present invention can distribute the cooling effect of the peripheral powder flow and the central powder flow to the powder flow. Different cooling flow paths allow for separate adjustment of the flow rate, pressure, temperature, and rotation intensity of the two coolant streams, avoiding surface fluctuations caused by simply increasing the flow rate of a single coolant layer.

[0020] (4) The coolant in the annular jacketed flow channel of the amorphous alloy powder preparation device provided by the present invention can achieve cooling of the inverted conical cylinder wall, which is beneficial to reduce local heat accumulation during continuous production and make the temperature and state of the first rotating coolant layer more stable.

[0021] (5) The bottom annular spray slit adopts a circumferential continuous or multi-segment uniformly distributed structure, which can form a relatively uniform bottom vortex in the circumferential direction. The inverted cone-shaped cooling liquid curtain reduces the tissue fluctuation caused by the difference in cooling time of the droplets in the central area. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the bottom annular liquid spray slit in the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A top cross-sectional view of the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the amorphous alloy powder prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 The XRD pattern of the amorphous alloy powder prepared in Example 1 of this invention; Figure 6 Here is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the alloy powder prepared in Comparative Example 1 of this invention. Figure 7 The image shows the XRD pattern of the alloy powder prepared in Comparative Example 1 of this invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Heat-resistant container; 2. Molten metal; 3. Inert gas atomization unit; 4. First liquid inlet; 5. Second liquid inlet; 6. Inverted conical inner cylinder; 7. Inverted conical outer cylinder; 8. Annular jacketed flow channel; 9. First rotating coolant layer; 10. Bottom annular spray slit; 11. Bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain; 12. Atomizing cooling chamber; 13. Spray slit forming section; 14. Guide surface; 15. Settling tank; 16. Collection tank. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of the invention and should not be considered as specific limitations thereof. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Process parameters in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally based on conventional conditions, unless otherwise specified, indicating that all raw materials are commercially available or commonly used in this industry.

[0026] In the description of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected," "linked," and "set up" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components; a wired connection, a radio connection, or a wireless communication signal connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] The accompanying drawings illustrate one or more examples of the invention. The detailed description uses numerals and letters to refer to features in the drawings. Similar or analogous reference numerals in the drawings and description have been used to refer to similar or analogous parts of the invention. As used herein, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., are used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to indicate the location or importance of individual components.

[0028] In existing technologies, a single inner wall coolant layer needs to simultaneously absorb heat from droplets and cool the cylinder wall. Under continuous pulverization or high metal flow rates, localized heat accumulation may occur on the inner wall, leading to uneven temperature, thickness, and flow rate within the coolant layer. Some existing technologies rely on diameter reduction, liquid retention, or bottom accumulation to increase the probability of central powder entering the water, but the flow state in the bottom cooling region is not easily adjustable independently, making it difficult to form an active, stable, and controllable rotating liquid curtain for the central powder flow. Some existing technologies enhance cooling solely by increasing the flow rate or pressure of a single coolant layer, which can cause liquid surface fluctuations, splashing, gas-liquid flow disturbances, and unstable powder collection.

[0029] This invention can solve the problems of insufficient contact between the droplets in the central region and the rotating liquid layer on the inner wall after atomization, the inability of a single inner wall cooling liquid layer to simultaneously take into account the peripheral powder flow, the central powder flow and the heat load of the cylinder wall, the local temperature rise of the inverted cone cylinder wall and the uneven temperature of the cooling liquid layer during continuous production. This invention can improve the cooling coverage and cooling uniformity without simply relying on increasing the total cooling liquid flow rate, so that the bottom cooling liquid forms a controllable inverted cone rotating cooling liquid curtain and reduces the risk of water backflow.

[0030] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for preparing amorphous alloy powder, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus comprises, from top to bottom: Molten metal supply unit: used to supply molten metal 2; Inert gas atomizing unit 3: used to break molten metal 2 into droplets using atomizing gas; Dual-swirl cooling unit: used to cool the alloy powder intermediate after being broken down by the inert gas atomization unit 3 to form amorphous alloy powder; the dual-swirl cooling unit includes an inverted conical inner cylinder 6, an inverted conical outer cylinder 7 sleeved on the outside of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, an annular interlayer flow channel 8 between the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 and the inverted conical outer cylinder 7, a first liquid inlet assembly for forming a first rotating coolant layer 9 with the first coolant, a bottom annular spray slit 10, and a second liquid inlet assembly for allowing the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit 10, wherein the first rotating coolant layer 9 is attached to the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6. The bottom annular spray slit 10 is disposed at the bottom of the annular interlayer flow channel 8. The bottom annular spray slit 10 is used to spray out the second coolant to form a bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain 11. The projection of the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain 11 on the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the inverted cone-shaped inner cylinder 6 at least covers a portion of the central region of the alloy powder intermediate. The outlet direction of the bottom annular spray slit 10 is set to spray out the second coolant in an inclined downward direction, and simultaneously have a circumferential velocity component, a radial velocity component toward the axis of the inverted cone-shaped inner cylinder 6, and a downward axial velocity component. A sedimentation collection unit is used to settle and receive the amorphous alloy powder.

[0031] Specifically, both the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 and the inverted conical outer cylinder 7 are hollow inverted cones, running through each other.

[0032] The straight line passing through the centers of the upper and lower end faces of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 is the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6.

[0033] The inverted conical inner cylinder 6, the inverted conical outer cylinder 7, and the molten metal supply unit are all arranged coaxially.

[0034] Figure 3 The arrangement of the first liquid inlet 4 and the second liquid inlet 5 in the circumferential direction and the corresponding liquid flow direction are shown.

[0035] The central region of the alloy powder intermediate refers to the radially inner part of the overall flight stream of the alloy powder intermediate (atomized high-temperature alloy droplet group), centered on the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6. This part of the droplets has a small radial outward diffusion degree and is difficult to reach the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 during flight, and cannot contact the first rotating coolant layer 9.

[0036] The second cooling liquid is ejected through the bottom annular spray slit 10. The ejected second cooling liquid simultaneously possesses a circumferential velocity component, a radial velocity component towards the cylinder axis, and a downward axial velocity component, forming a rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain 11. This bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain 11 covers at least a portion of the central region of the alloy powder intermediate on a cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, serving to cool droplets that have not fully entered the first rotating cooling liquid layer 9. The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided by this invention forms spatially complementary cooling regions through the first rotating cooling liquid layer 9 and the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain 11, increasing the probability of droplets with different flight trajectories contacting the cooling liquid, reducing the cooling blind zone of droplets in the central region, thereby effectively suppressing the crystallization phenomenon of alloy droplets and simultaneously reducing the coercivity of the alloy powder.

[0037] In the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the amorphous alloy powder includes FeSiB-based amorphous alloy powder. According to the mass percentage, the composition of the amorphous alloy powder includes: Si: 1-14% (for example, it can be 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 13% or 14%), B: 1-5% (for example, it can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% or 5%), C: ≤4%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, in the above-described amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the molten metal supply unit includes a heat-resistant container 1 for containing the molten metal. A heating coil is disposed on the outer periphery of the heat-resistant container 1 to heat and maintain the molten metal contained inside the container in a molten state. An outlet is formed at the bottom of the heat-resistant container, from which the molten metal is ejected as dripping molten metal towards the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 constituting the dual-vortex cooling unit.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the inert gas atomizing unit 3 includes a gas atomizer, which uses atomizing gas to break the alloy melt from the molten metal supply unit into fine droplets. The atomizing gas includes either nitrogen or argon. The gas atomizer used in this invention can be a conventional device used in the field of atomized powder preparation. The gas atomizer is equipped with a gas injection port, from which high-pressure gas is injected toward the dripping molten metal ejected from the nozzle of the molten metal supply unit. The high-pressure gas is injected obliquely downwards around the molten metal ejected from the nozzle, causing the dripping molten metal to become multiple droplets, which travel along the gas flow toward the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 of the dual-vortex cooling unit.

[0040] In the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the center line of the gas outlet channel of the gas jet is inclined downward toward the axis of the molten metal supply unit, and forms an angle of 10° to 45° (for example, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40° or 45°) with the downward extension direction of the axis of the molten metal supply unit, preferably 15° to 30°, and more preferably 15° to 25°, and the gas jet is arranged in a ring.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the inner diameter of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the inverted conical outer cylinder 7 gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the height of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 is not specifically limited and can be 20~50cm (for example, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm, 35cm, 40cm, 45cm or 50cm) to ensure coverage of the atomization zone. The atomization zone is the axial process area from the breaking up of molten alloy into droplets to the complete solidification of the droplets. The axial height of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 is greater than or equal to the axial length of the atomization zone, so that the entire atomization zone is contained within the internal cavity of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 and the inverted conical outer cylinder 7 are coaxially arranged.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the width of the annular interlayer flow channel 8 is 0.5cm to 2cm, for example, it can be 0.5cm, 1cm, 1.5cm, or 2cm. If it is too large, a large flow pump is required to ensure the interlayer water pressure; if it is too small, the rotating water flow in the interlayer will be slowed down.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 and the inverted conical outer cylinder 7 have the same semi-cone angle.

[0046] Specifically, the half-cone angle refers to the angle between the generatrix of one side of the inverted cone and the central axis of rotation.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the dual-swirl cooling unit further includes an atomizing cooling chamber 12, which is formed by the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6; the upper part of the atomizing cooling chamber 12 is connected to the inert gas atomizing unit 3, and the lower part of the atomizing cooling chamber 12 is connected to the sedimentation collection unit; inside the atomizing cooling chamber 12, a first rotating coolant layer 9 is formed on the cylinder wall, and the bottom of the central region of the cavity is covered by the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain 11.

[0048] like Figure 1As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the first liquid inlet component includes a first liquid inlet 4. The first liquid inlet 4 is disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 and directly communicates with the atomizing cooling chamber 12. The arrangement of the first liquid inlet 4 is not particularly limited, and the number of the first liquid inlets 4 can be multiple, evenly disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6. For example, the first liquid inlet 4 can be two, or three or more circumferentially distributed liquid inlets, preferably arranged at 180° intervals along the circumference; the first liquid inlet 4 is used to spray out the first coolant and make the first coolant flow along the inverted conical inner cylinder 6. The coolant flows downwards along the inner wall of the cylinder 6, forming the first rotating coolant layer 9. The outlet direction of the first inlet 4 is tangential to the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 or has an angle of 5-30° (e.g., 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, or 30°) relative to the tangential direction. The first coolant sprayed from each first inlet 4 has the same rotation direction. Under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, the first coolant rotates downwards along the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, forming a continuous or substantially continuous first rotating coolant layer 9. The first rotating coolant layer 9 mainly receives droplets that diffuse outwards after gas atomization and intersect with the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6. By adjusting the pressure and flow rate of the first inlet assembly, the thickness, circumferential velocity, and axial velocity of the first rotating coolant layer 9 can be changed.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the first rotating coolant layer 9 is formed by the first coolant sprayed from the first inlet flowing downward along the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation device, as an optional embodiment, the lower end of the annular interlayer flow channel 8 is connected to the bottom annular spray slit 10. The bottom annular spray slit 10 is continuously arranged around the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, or is composed of multiple arc-shaped spray slits evenly spaced along the circumference.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the second liquid inlet component includes a second liquid inlet 5. The second liquid inlet 5 is disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder 7 and directly communicates with the annular sandwich flow channel 8. The arrangement of the second liquid inlet 5 is not particularly limited, and the number of the second liquid inlets 5 can be multiple, evenly disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder 7. For example, the number of second liquid inlets 5 can be two, or three or more circumferentially distributed liquid inlets, preferably arranged at 180° intervals along the circumference; the second liquid inlet 5 is used to allow the second coolant to enter the annular sandwich flow channel 8; the second liquid inlet 5 is used to spray out the second coolant and allow the second liquid inlet 5 to enter the annular sandwich flow channel 8. The second coolant flows downward in a rotating motion along the inner wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder 7 and enters the bottom annular spray slit 10. Specifically, after the second coolant enters the annular interlayer flow channel 8 through the second inlet 5, it rotates circumferentially along the inner wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder 7 and flows downward to form a second rotating coolant layer. During the flow, the second rotating coolant layer indirectly exchanges heat with the first rotating coolant layer 9, the high-temperature gas and high-temperature droplets in the atomizing cooling chamber 12 through the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 to reduce the local temperature rise of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, and finally enters the bottom annular spray slit 10. The outlet direction of the second inlet 5 is along the tangent of the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical outer cylinder 7 or has an angle of 5~30° relative to the tangent.

[0052] In the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the first coolant includes water, and the second coolant includes water.

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the outlet direction of the bottom annular spray slit 10 preferably has a circumferential velocity component, a radial velocity component toward the cylinder axis, and a downward axial velocity component, so that the sprayed second coolant forms a rotating inverted conical coolant curtain 11. The projection of the inverted conical coolant curtain 11 on the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 at least covers part of the central region of the alloy powder intermediate, and is used to cool droplets that have not fully entered the first rotating coolant layer 9.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the projection of the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain 11 on the cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 covers the central region of the alloy powder intermediate.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the lower end of the inverted conical outer cylinder 7 is provided with a liquid spraying slit forming section 13 extending radially inward toward the inverted conical inner cylinder. The inner wall surface of the liquid spraying slit forming section 13 is arranged opposite to the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6. The annular gap between the inner wall surface of the liquid spraying slit forming section 13 and the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 constitutes the bottom annular liquid spraying slit 10.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation device, as an optional embodiment, the inner wall surface of the liquid spraying slit forming section 13 is a guide surface 14, which simultaneously satisfies the following: it is inclined axially toward the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 and converges radially toward the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6.

[0057] Here, "converging radially toward the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6" means that from upstream to downstream (from top to bottom) of the flow channel, the diameter of the inner wall gradually decreases and continuously approaches the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, that is, it converges toward the center along the radial direction.

[0058] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the guide surface 14 is coaxially arranged with the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, and the semi-cone angle of the guide surface 14 is greater than the semi-cone angle of the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, so that the annular gap between the guide surface 14 and the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the bottom annular spray slit 10 is a circumferentially inclined slit that extends continuously in the circumferential direction or is composed of multiple circumferentially spaced inclined arc-shaped spray slits. The outlet direction of the bottom annular spray slit 10 simultaneously satisfies the following: it converges radially toward the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 and tilts axially toward the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, so that the sprayed second coolant simultaneously has a circumferential velocity component, a radially inward velocity component toward the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, and a downward axial velocity component, forming an inwardly converging bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain 11.

[0060] In order to ensure that the second coolant maintains a stable circumferential velocity at the annular spray slit, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation device, as an optional embodiment, the outlet direction of the bottom annular spray slit 10 also satisfies the following condition: it deflects circumferentially around the axis of the conical inner cylinder 6.

[0061] like Figure 1 and2 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the axial convergence angle between the outlet center direction of the bottom annular spray slit 10 and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 is 30-60°, for example, it can be 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55° or 60°. If the axial convergence angle is larger, the radial inward velocity component is larger, the liquid curtain converges towards the center faster, and the cooling intensity of the central region is higher, but the axial downward velocity is smaller, and the axial coverage length of the liquid curtain is shorter; if the axial convergence angle is smaller, the radial inward velocity component is smaller, the liquid curtain converges towards the center slower, but the axial downward velocity is larger, and the axial coverage distance of the liquid curtain is longer, which can adapt to a higher atomization zone.

[0062] Here, the axial convergence angle is the acute angle between the outlet center direction of the liquid spray slit and the central axis of the cylinder on the longitudinal section passing through the central axis of the cylinder.

[0063] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the axial convergence angle between the outlet center direction of the bottom annular spray slit 10 and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 is greater than the semi-cone angle between the side wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder 7 and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6. This causes the second coolant to deviate from the wall flow direction of the annular interlayer flow channel 8 after being sprayed out, obtaining a larger radial inward velocity component, and converging and extending towards the central region of the atomizing cooling chamber 12. The spray slit guide surface 14 turns inward relative to the side wall of the outer cylinder body in the direction of the central axis. The flow channel suddenly narrows inward at the outlet. The coolant in the annular interlayer flow channel originally flowed along the wall along the semi-cone angle. After entering the spray slit, it is forced to change its flow direction by the guide surface and deflect inward. The coolant thus obtains an additional radial inward velocity component, actively breaks away from the wall constraint, and is sprayed into the central space of the atomizing cooling chamber, truly filling the central cooling blind area that the first rotating coolant layer cannot cover, realizing a complementary layout of peripheral wall contact + central cooling supplementation.

[0064] Specifically, the angle between the sidewall of the inverted conical outer cylinder and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder is the half-cone angle of the sidewall. The axial convergence angle is greater than the half-cone angle of the sidewall, that is, the inclination of the spray guide surface (the inclination is based on the vertical central axis and is the inclination amplitude pointing towards the central axis; the larger the angle, the greater the inclination) is greater than that of the sidewall of the outer cylinder body, and the angle of inward deflection relative to the central axis is greater.

[0065] To ensure that the second coolant maintains a stable circumferential velocity at the annular spray slit, as an optional embodiment of the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation device, a spiral guide rib or an oblique guide vane is provided in the annular sandwich flow channel 8.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain 11 is formed at the bottom of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the inner diameter of the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain 11 gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain 11 is an inverted conical liquid film that rotates circumferentially and converges radially inward, and is suspended in the lower space of the atomizing cooling chamber 12; when viewed along the axial direction of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, the projection range of the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain 11 at least covers the central area of ​​the alloy powder intermediate, so that the falling alloy powder intermediate can pass through the cooling liquid curtain to complete rapid quenching and fill the central cooling blind area of ​​the first rotating cooling liquid layer.

[0069] In the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation device, as an optional embodiment, the bottom annular spray slit 10 adopts a detachable or adjustable slit width structure to clean powder, oxides and scale, and adjust the thickness of the liquid curtain according to the molten metal flow rate.

[0070] In the aforementioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the bottom of the annular sandwich flow channel 8 is provided with an isolation wall. The isolation wall is used to separate the annular sandwich flow channel 8 from the bottom annular spray slit 10, so that the bottom annular spray slit 10 and the annular sandwich flow channel 8 are not interconnected. The dual-vortex cooling unit further includes a third liquid inlet assembly connected to the annular sandwich flow channel 8 and used to allow the third coolant to enter the annular sandwich flow channel, and a drain port for discharging the third coolant from the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus. The drain port is connected to the annular sandwich flow channel and is used to discharge the heat-exchanged third coolant for recycling. The bottom annular spray slit 10 adopts a detachable or adjustable slit width structure. The second liquid inlet assembly includes... The system includes a second inlet 5, which is located on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit 10 and directly communicates with it. The second inlet 5 allows the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit 10. It also sprays out the second coolant, causing it to flow downwards and rotate along the inner wall of the bottom annular spray slit 10. Multiple second inlets 5 are evenly distributed on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit 10. The outlet direction of each second inlet 5 is tangential to the inner circumference of the bottom annular spray slit 10 or has an angle of 5-30° (e.g., 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, or 30°) relative to the tangential direction. This structure prevents the coolant in the annular interlayer channel 8 from heating up and reducing its direct quenching capacity, and facilitates separate adjustment of wall cooling and central powder flow cooling.

[0071] In the aforementioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the circulation loop corresponding to the third coolant is equipped with a filter, a sedimentation device, and a bypass flushing pipeline to reduce the risk of blockage.

[0072] In the aforementioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the dual-swirling cooling unit further includes a third inlet assembly connected to the annular interlayer flow channel 8 and used to allow the third coolant to enter the annular interlayer flow channel. The outlet of the annular interlayer flow channel is provided with a three-way diversion structure. One of the three-way diversion structures is used to discharge part of the third coolant, and the other is used to mix the remaining part of the third coolant with the second coolant, so that the mixed solution enters the bottom annular spray slit 10 and is sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit 10 to form the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain 11. The bottom annular spray slit 10 adopts a detachable or adjustable slit width structure. The second liquid inlet assembly includes a second liquid inlet 5, which is disposed on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit 10 and directly communicates with the bottom annular spray slit 10. The second liquid inlet 5 is used to allow the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit 10. The second liquid inlet 5 is used to spray out the second coolant and make the second coolant rotate and flow downward along the inner wall of the bottom annular spray slit 10. There are multiple second liquid inlets 5, which are evenly disposed on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit 10. The liquid outlet direction of the second liquid inlet 5 is along the tangent of the inner circumferential surface of the bottom annular spray slit 10 or has an angle of 5 to 30° relative to the tangent.

[0073] In the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the first liquid inlet assembly, the second liquid inlet assembly, and the third liquid inlet assembly each independently include at least one of a pump, a flow regulating valve, a pressure sensor, and a flow meter, so as to control the first rotating coolant layer 9, the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain 11, and the third coolant, respectively.

[0074] In the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, a temperature sensor is provided at least one of the first coolant inlet, the second coolant inlet, the second coolant outlet, and the third coolant outlet; the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature data of the coolant in real time, monitor the temperature change, and assist in judging the heat exchange status of the cooling system.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the sedimentation and collection unit includes a sedimentation tank 15 and a collection tank 16. The function of the sedimentation tank 15 is to store coolant and metal powder during the atomization process, allowing the metal powder sufficient time to settle; after sedimentation, the powder is drained, dried, and then enters the collection tank 16, which stores the dried metal powder.

[0076] In the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation device, as an optional embodiment, the atomizing cooling chamber 12 and / or the sedimentation collection unit are provided with a gas emission channel, a pressure monitoring component and an overpressure relief structure, which are used to discharge the accumulated steam and atomized gas, reduce the risk of gas and steam accumulation, and maintain the stability of the chamber pressure.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, a sufficient safety distance is provided between the molten metal outlet of the molten metal supply unit and the first rotating coolant layer 9, or an anti-splashing structure is provided to prevent coolant from entering the molten metal supply unit.

[0078] In the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation device, as an optional embodiment, the amorphous alloy powder preparation device further includes a controller; the controller is configured to: when insufficient coolant pressure, blockage of bottom annular spray slit 10, overpressure of atomizing cooling chamber 12, or coolant temperature exceeding a set threshold is detected, control the molten metal supply unit to stop supplying material, or cut off the molten metal outlet.

[0079] In the above-mentioned amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus, as an optional embodiment, the controller is further configured to: adjust the flow splitting ratio of the three-way flow splitting structure.

[0080] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing amorphous alloy powder, wherein the method for preparing amorphous alloy powder is performed using the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus described in the first aspect.

[0081] In one optional embodiment of the above-mentioned method for preparing amorphous alloy powder, the method includes the following steps: S1. Start the first liquid inlet assembly and the second liquid inlet assembly, so that the first coolant forms the first rotating coolant layer 9 along the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, and the second coolant is sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit 10 to form the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain 11. S2. Melt the alloy raw materials to obtain the molten metal 2; S3. The molten metal 2 is broken up by atomizing gas to form metal droplets that move downward along different trajectories, thus obtaining an alloy powder intermediate. S4. The alloy powder intermediate enters the dual-swirling cooling unit for cooling; S5. The cooled alloy powder enters the sedimentation and collection unit with the cooling liquid, and after solid-liquid separation and drying, the amorphous alloy powder is obtained.

[0082] In the above-mentioned method for preparing amorphous alloy powder, as an optional embodiment, in step S1, the second coolant first enters the annular interlayer flow channel 8, and then is completely sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit 10 to form the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain 11. In this embodiment, the second coolant first flows through the annular interlayer flow channel 8 to indirectly cool the wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, and then is completely sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit 10 to form the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain 11, which can result in a higher coolant utilization rate.

[0083] In the above-mentioned method for preparing amorphous alloy powder, as an optional embodiment, in step S1, the third liquid inlet assembly is activated, allowing the third coolant to enter the annular jacketed flow channel 8. After absorbing heat from the wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6, at least a portion of the third coolant is discharged from the amorphous alloy powder preparation device through the drain port or the three-way diversion structure.

[0084] In the above-mentioned method for preparing amorphous alloy powder, as an optional embodiment, in step S1, at least a portion of the third coolant is mixed with the second coolant and then sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit 10 to form the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain 11.

[0085] In the above-mentioned method for preparing amorphous alloy powder, as an optional embodiment, in step S3, the molten metal 2 flows downward into the inert gas atomization unit.

[0086] In the above-mentioned method for preparing amorphous alloy powder, as an optional embodiment, in step S4, the peripheral trajectory droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the first rotating cooling liquid layer 9, where they are further dispersed, cooled, and solidified. Simultaneously, the second or third cooling liquid absorbs heat from the wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder 6 in the annular interlayer flow channel 8. The central trajectory droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain 11 and solidify rapidly.

[0087] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0088] Example 1: Coolant reused in an annular jacketed flow channel for a bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain. The chemical composition (by mass percentage) of the amorphous alloy powder prepared in this embodiment is: Si: 3.5%, B: 3%, C: 0.5%, Fe: balance. Elements not mentioned are unavoidable impurities.

[0089] The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided in this embodiment includes, from top to bottom: Molten metal supply unit: for supplying molten metal, including a heat-resistant container for containing molten metal, a heating coil is arranged on the outer periphery of the heat-resistant container to heat and maintain the molten metal contained inside the container in a molten state, and an outlet is formed at the bottom of the container, from which the molten metal is sprayed out as dripping molten metal toward the inverted conical inner cylinder constituting the double swirling cooling unit; Inert gas atomization unit: used to break molten metal into droplets using argon gas, including a gas atomizer, the gas atomizer being equipped with a gas injection port, the center line of the gas injection port's outlet channel being inclined downward toward the axis of the molten metal supply unit, and forming a 30° angle with the downward extension direction of the axis of the molten metal supply unit. Dual-swirl cooling unit: used to cool the alloy powder intermediate after being broken down by the inert gas atomization unit to form amorphous alloy powder; the dual-swirl cooling unit includes an inverted conical inner cylinder, an inverted conical outer cylinder sleeved outside the inverted conical inner cylinder, an atomization cooling chamber, an annular interlayer flow channel between the inverted conical inner cylinder and the inverted conical outer cylinder, a first liquid inlet assembly for forming a first rotating coolant layer with the first coolant, a bottom annular spray slit, and a second liquid inlet assembly for allowing the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit, wherein the inner diameter of the inverted conical inner cylinder from top to bottom... The inner diameter of the inverted conical outer cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom. The inverted conical inner cylinder and the inverted conical outer cylinder are coaxially arranged, and the semi-cone angles of the inverted conical inner cylinder and the inverted conical outer cylinder are the same. The atomizing cooling chamber is formed by the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder. The upper part of the atomizing cooling chamber is connected to the inert gas atomizing unit, and the lower part of the atomizing cooling chamber is connected to the sedimentation collection unit. Inside the atomizing cooling chamber, a first rotating coolant layer is formed at the cylinder wall, and the bottom of the central region of the chamber is covered by the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain. The width of the annular interlayer flow channel is 1 cm; the first liquid inlet assembly includes a first liquid inlet, which is located on the upper side wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder and directly communicates with the atomizing cooling chamber. There are two first liquid inlets, spaced 180° apart circumferentially. The first liquid inlets are used to spray out the first coolant and cause the first coolant to rotate and flow downward along the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder, forming a first rotating coolant layer. The liquid outlet direction of the first liquid inlets is tangential to the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and the first coolant sprayed from each first liquid inlet has the same rotation direction; the first rotating coolant layer is attached to the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and is formed by the first coolant sprayed from the first liquid inlet rotating and flowing downward along the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity; the second liquid inlet assembly includes a second liquid inlet, which is located on the upper part of the inverted conical outer cylinder. The second inlet is located on the side wall and directly connected to the annular interlayer flow channel. It sprays out the second coolant, allowing it to enter the annular interlayer flow channel and simultaneously causing the second coolant to rotate downwards along the inner wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder, entering the bottom annular spray slit. There are two second inlets, spaced 180° apart circumferentially, with the outlet direction of both inlets along the tangent of the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical outer cylinder. Both the first and second coolants are water. The bottom annular spray slit is located at the bottom of the annular interlayer flow channel and is connected to it. The bottom annular spray slit is continuously arranged around the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder. The bottom annular spray slit sprays out the second coolant to form a bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain. The projection of this bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain onto a cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder covers the central region of the alloy powder intermediate.The outlet direction of the bottom annular spray slit simultaneously satisfies the following: it converges radially towards the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder and tilts axially towards the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder, causing the second coolant to be sprayed out in a downward tilting direction, simultaneously possessing a circumferential velocity component, a radially inward velocity component towards the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and a downward axial velocity component, forming an inwardly converging rotating inverted conical liquid curtain; the lower end of the inverted conical outer cylinder is provided with a spray slit forming section extending radially inward towards the inverted conical inner cylinder, the inner wall surface of the spray slit forming section is arranged opposite to the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and the distance between the inner wall surface of the spray slit forming section and the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder is... The annular gap forms the bottom annular spray slit; the inner wall surface of the spray slit forming section is a guide surface, which simultaneously satisfies the following: axially inclined towards the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder and radially converges towards the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder; the guide surface is coaxially arranged with the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and the half-cone angle of the guide surface is greater than the half-cone angle of the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder, so that the annular gap between the guide surface and the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom; the axial convergence angle between the outlet center direction of the bottom annular spray slit and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder is 50°, which is greater than the half-cone angle between the side wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder; A sedimentation and collection unit for settling and receiving the amorphous alloy powder includes a sedimentation bucket and a collection tank.

[0090] The method for preparing amorphous alloy powder provided in this embodiment is carried out using the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided in this embodiment, and includes the following steps: S1. Start the first liquid inlet assembly and the second liquid inlet assembly, so that the first coolant forms the first rotating coolant layer along the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder. The second coolant first enters the annular interlayer flow channel, and then reaches the bottom of the annular interlayer flow channel and is sprayed out through the annular spray slit. When the second coolant is sprayed out, it simultaneously has a circumferential velocity component, a radial inward velocity component (radial velocity component toward the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder), and a downward axial velocity component, thereby forming a bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain that converges downward and covers the central region of the alloy powder intermediate.

[0091] S2. Prepare the raw materials according to the above alloy composition. Add the raw materials in the order of pure iron, ferroborone, high-purity silicon and carbon sheets into the corundum crucible for smelting. Heat the crucible to 1600 ℃ to melt it into molten steel. After alloying for 30 minutes, remove the slag from the molten steel to obtain molten metal, and wait for atomization.

[0092] S3. After a stable coolant layer is formed, the molten metal flows out from the molten metal outlet to the tundish. The casting mass flow rate is about 17 kg / min. The molten metal flows out through a 5.5 mm diameter hole at the bottom of the tundish and is broken up by 4.5 MPa high pressure Ar, forming metal droplets that move downward along different trajectories, thus obtaining an alloy powder intermediate.

[0093] S4. The outer droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the first rotating cooling liquid layer, where they are further dispersed, cooled, and solidified. At the same time, the second cooling liquid absorbs heat from the inverted conical inner cylinder wall in the annular jacketed flow channel, and the central trajectory droplets of the alloy powder intermediate continue to enter the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain and solidify rapidly.

[0094] S5. The solidified powder and coolant enter the settling tank and collection tank together. After solid-liquid separation, drying, sieving (through a 300-mesh sieve) and batching, amorphous alloy powder with the target particle size is obtained.

[0095] Figure 4 This is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the amorphous alloy powder prepared in this embodiment. Figure 4 It can be seen that the vast majority of powders are approximately spherical and there is no large particle adhesion. Figure 5 The XRD pattern of the amorphous alloy powder prepared in this embodiment is shown below. Figure 5 As can be seen from the results, the measured powder has no obvious diffraction peaks, indicating that it is an amorphous alloy powder.

[0096] Example 2: Bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain uses independent new coolant The chemical composition (by mass percentage) of the amorphous alloy powder prepared in this embodiment is: Si: 3.5%, B: 3%, C: 0.5%, Fe: balance. Elements not mentioned are unavoidable impurities.

[0097] The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that an isolation wall is provided at the bottom of the annular sandwich flow channel. The isolation wall is used to separate the annular sandwich flow channel from the bottom annular spray slit, so that the bottom annular spray slit and the annular sandwich flow channel are not connected. The dual vortex cooling unit also includes a third liquid inlet assembly that is connected to the annular sandwich flow channel and is used to allow the third coolant to enter the annular sandwich flow channel, and a drain outlet for discharging the third coolant from the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus. The drain outlet is connected to the annular sandwich flow channel. The third coolant is water. The bottom annular spray slit adopts a detachable structure, and the outlet direction of the bottom annular spray slit is set so that the second coolant flows along an inclined direction. The coolant is ejected downwards and simultaneously has a circumferential velocity component, a radial velocity component toward the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and a downward axial velocity component. The second liquid inlet assembly includes a second liquid inlet, which is located on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit and directly communicates with the bottom annular spray slit. The second liquid inlet is used to allow the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit. The second liquid inlet is used to eject the second coolant and cause the second coolant to rotate and flow downwards along the inner wall of the bottom annular spray slit. There are two second liquid inlets, which are arranged at 180° intervals around the circumference and are located on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit. The outlet direction of the second liquid inlet is tangential to the inner circumferential surface of the bottom annular spray slit. The amorphous alloy powder preparation device provided in this embodiment differs from that in Embodiment 1 in that the annular jacketed flow channel in the dual swirling cooling unit is provided with an independent drain port. The coolant absorbed heat in the annular jacketed flow channel does not directly enter the bottom annular spray slit; the bottom annular spray slit is supplied with coolant by the second coolant from the second liquid inlet assembly. This device allows for the separate control of the flow rate of the coolant in the annular sandwich channel and the flow rate of the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain, enabling independent optimization of the cylinder wall temperature and the direct cooling intensity of the central powder flow.

[0098] The method for preparing amorphous alloy powder provided in this embodiment is carried out using the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided in this embodiment, and includes the following steps: S1. Start the first liquid inlet assembly, the second liquid inlet assembly, and the third liquid inlet assembly, so that the first coolant forms the first rotating coolant layer along the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder. The third coolant enters the annular jacketed flow channel and, after absorbing heat from the wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder, is discharged from the amorphous alloy powder preparation device through the drain port. The second coolant enters the bottom annular spray slit and is sprayed out from the bottom annular spray slit. The sprayed second coolant has a circumferential velocity component, a radially inward velocity component (radial velocity component toward the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder), and a downward axial velocity component, thereby forming a bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain that converges downward and basically covers the central area of ​​the alloy powder intermediate.

[0099] Steps S2-S3 are the same as in Example 1.

[0100] S4. The outer droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the first rotating cooling liquid layer, where they are further dispersed, cooled, and solidified. At the same time, the third cooling liquid absorbs heat from the inverted conical inner cylinder wall in the annular interlayer flow channel and is discharged. The central trajectory droplets of the alloy powder intermediate continue to enter the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain and solidify rapidly.

[0101] Step S5 is the same as in Example 1.

[0102] Example 3: Split-flow hybrid second cooling path The chemical composition (by mass percentage) of the amorphous alloy powder prepared in this embodiment is: Si: 3.5%, B: 3%, C: 0.5%, Fe: balance. Elements not mentioned are unavoidable impurities.

[0103] The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that the dual-swirl cooling unit further includes a third liquid inlet assembly that communicates with the annular sandwich channel and is used to allow the third coolant to enter the annular sandwich channel. The outlet of the annular sandwich channel is provided with a three-way diversion structure. One of the three-way diversion structures is used to discharge part of the third coolant, and the other is used to mix the remaining part of the third coolant with the second coolant, so that the mixed solution enters the bottom annular spray slit and is sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit to form the bottom rotating inverted cone cooling liquid curtain. The third coolant is water. The bottom annular spray slit adopts a detachable structure. The outlet direction of the bottom annular spray slit is set to allow the second coolant to be sprayed out in a downward inclined direction, and simultaneously has a circumferential velocity component, a radial velocity component toward the axis of the inverted cone inner cylinder, and a downward axial velocity component. The second liquid inlet assembly includes a second liquid inlet, which is disposed on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit and directly communicates with the bottom annular spray slit. The device is used to allow the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit; the second inlet is used to spray out the second coolant and make the second coolant rotate and flow downward along the inner wall of the bottom annular spray slit. There are two second inlets, which are arranged at 180° intervals around the circumference and are located on the upper side wall of the bottom annular spray slit. The outlet direction of the second inlets is tangential to the inner circumferential surface of the bottom annular spray slit. The first and second inlet components each independently include a pump, a flow regulating valve, a pressure sensor, and a flow meter to control the first rotating coolant layer and the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain, respectively. The third inlet component also includes a pump, a flow regulating valve, a pressure sensor, and a flow meter. A temperature sensor is provided at the third coolant outlet. The amorphous alloy powder preparation device also includes a controller. The controller is configured to: when it detects insufficient coolant pressure, blockage of the bottom annular spray slit, overpressure of the atomizing cooling chamber, or coolant temperature exceeding a set threshold, control the molten metal supply unit to stop supplying material, or cut off the molten metal outlet and adjust the flow ratio of the three-way diversion structure.

[0104] In this embodiment, the annular interlayer flow channel outlet of the dual-swirling cooling unit is equipped with a three-way diversion structure. A portion of the coolant in the annular interlayer flow channel is discharged from the amorphous alloy powder preparation device via a drain branch, while the other portion of the coolant in the annular interlayer flow channel mixes with the second coolant and enters the bottom annular spray slit. The controller adjusts the diversion ratio based on the annular interlayer flow channel outlet temperature, atomized metal flow rate, and annular spray slit pressure, thereby balancing coolant utilization and the cooling capacity of the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain.

[0105] The method for preparing amorphous alloy powder provided in this embodiment is carried out using the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided in this embodiment, and includes the following steps: S1. Start the first liquid inlet assembly, the second liquid inlet assembly, and the third liquid inlet assembly, so that the first coolant forms the first rotating coolant layer along the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder. The third coolant enters the annular jacketed flow channel. After absorbing heat from the wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder, it passes through the three-way diversion structure. Three-quarters of the volume of the third coolant is discharged. One-quarter of the volume of the third coolant mixes with the second coolant and enters the bottom annular spray slit and is sprayed out from the bottom annular spray slit. The sprayed coolant has a circumferential velocity component, a radial inward velocity component, and a downward axial velocity component, thereby forming a bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain that converges downward and covers the central area of ​​the alloy powder intermediate.

[0106] Steps S2-S3 are the same as in Example 1.

[0107] S4. The outer droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the first rotating cooling liquid layer, where they are further dispersed, cooled, and solidified. At the same time, some of the third cooling liquid absorbs heat from the inverted conical inner cylinder wall in the annular interlayer flow channel and is discharged. The central trajectory droplets of the alloy powder intermediate continue to enter the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain and solidify rapidly.

[0108] Step S5 is the same as in Example 1.

[0109] Comparative Example 1 The chemical composition (by mass percentage) of the amorphous alloy powder prepared in this comparative example is: Si: 3.5%, B: 3%, C: 0.5%, Fe: balance. Elements not mentioned are unavoidable impurities.

[0110] The alloy powder preparation apparatus provided in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that it does not include the first liquid inlet assembly for forming the first rotating coolant layer, the bottom annular spray slit, and the second liquid inlet assembly for allowing the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit. The dual swirling cooling unit is also eliminated, so the first rotating coolant layer, the annular interlayer heat exchange flow, and the bottom rotating inverted cone coolant curtain are not formed. After the metal droplets are atomized, they directly enter the static settling tank for cooling after traveling the same axial flight distance.

[0111] The method for preparing the alloy powder provided in this comparative example is carried out using the alloy powder preparation apparatus provided in this comparative example, and includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the raw materials according to the above alloy composition. Add the raw materials in the order of pure iron, ferroborone, high-purity silicon and carbon sheets into the corundum crucible for smelting. Heat the crucible to 1600 ℃ to melt it into molten steel. After alloying for 30 minutes, remove the slag from the molten steel to obtain molten metal, and wait for atomization.

[0112] S2. Molten metal flows from the molten metal outlet to the tundish. The casting mass flow rate is about 17 kg / min. The molten metal is broken up by passing through a 5.5 mm diameter hole at the bottom of the tundish and high pressure Ar at 4.5 MPa, forming metal droplets that move downward along different trajectories, thus obtaining an alloy powder intermediate.

[0113] S3. The alloy powder intermediate is directly fed into a static settling tank for cooling, and then dried, sieved (through a 300-mesh sieve) and batched to obtain alloy powder with the target particle size.

[0114] Figure 6 Here are SEM images of the alloy powder prepared for this comparative example. Figure 6 It can be seen that the sphericity of the powder deteriorates due to the reduced cooling rate. Figure 7 The XRD pattern of the alloy powder prepared in this comparative example is shown below. Figure 7 As can be seen from the data, the alloy powder prepared in this comparative example already shows diffraction peaks, indicating severe powder crystallization.

[0115] Comparative Example 2 The chemical composition (by mass percentage) of the amorphous alloy powder prepared in this comparative example is: Si: 3.5%, B: 3%, C: 0.5%, Fe: balance. Elements not mentioned are unavoidable impurities.

[0116] The method for preparing the amorphous alloy powder provided in this comparative example is carried out using the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided in Example 2, and includes the following steps: S1. Start the first liquid inlet component and the third liquid inlet component, close the bottom annular spray slit, so that the first coolant forms the first rotating coolant layer along the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and the third coolant enters the annular jacketed flow channel. After absorbing the heat of the inverted conical inner cylinder wall, the third coolant is discharged from the amorphous alloy powder preparation device through the drain port, without forming the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain.

[0117] Steps S2-S3 are the same as in Example 1.

[0118] S4. The outer droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the first rotating cooling liquid layer, where they are further dispersed, cooled, and solidified. At the same time, the third cooling liquid absorbs heat from the inverted conical inner cylinder wall in the annular interlayer flow channel and is discharged. The central trajectory droplets of the alloy powder intermediate continue to descend into the settling tank.

[0119] S5. The solidified powder, along with the coolant and some unsolidified droplets, enters the settling tank and collection tank. After solid-liquid separation, drying, sieving (through a 300-mesh sieve), and batching, alloy powder with the target particle size is obtained.

[0120] In this comparative example, the coolant in the first rotating coolant layer and the coolant in the annular interlayer channel are retained; the second liquid inlet assembly is closed and the bottom annular spray slit is sealed, so that the coolant in the annular interlayer channel is discharged through an independent drain port, and no bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain is formed. The other conditions are the same as in Example 2.

[0121] Comparative Example 3 The chemical composition (by mass percentage) of the amorphous alloy powder prepared in this comparative example is: Si: 3.5%, B: 3%, C: 0.5%, Fe: balance. Elements not mentioned are unavoidable impurities.

[0122] The method for preparing the amorphous alloy powder provided in this comparative example is carried out using the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus provided in Example 2, and includes the following steps: S1. Start the first liquid inlet assembly to form the first rotating coolant layer along the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder.

[0123] Steps S2-S3 are the same as in Example 1.

[0124] S4. The outer droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the first rotating cooling liquid layer, where they are further dispersed, cooled, and solidified. The central trajectory droplet of the alloy powder intermediate continues to descend into the settling tank.

[0125] S5. The solidified powder, along with the coolant and some unsolidified droplets, enters the settling tank and collection tank. After solid-liquid separation, drying, sieving (through a 300-mesh sieve), and batching, alloy powder with the target particle size is obtained.

[0126] In this comparative example, only the first liquid inlet assembly is activated, causing the first coolant to rotate along the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder. Coolant layer; the annular interlayer flow channel supply path and the bottom annular spray slit supply path are closed, no interlayer heat exchange is performed and no bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain is formed, and the other conditions are the same as in Example 2.

[0127] Performance testing The D50 particle size, crystal structure, oxygen content, tap density and coercivity of the alloy powders prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0128] Table 1 Comparative results show that, under the same alloy composition and gas atomization conditions, Examples 1-3, employing a first rotating coolant layer, an annular jacketed heat exchange channel, and a bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain, all yielded powders with no detected obvious crystallization diffraction peaks and coercivity of 1.6-1.8 Oe. After removing the bottom rotating coolant curtain or simultaneously removing the jacketed heat exchange, the resulting powders exhibited varying degrees of crystallization, with coercivity increasing to 15-19 Oe. Completely eliminating the dual-swirling cooling unit resulted in significant crystallization of the obtained powders, with coercivity reaching 86 Oe. These results indicate that the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain, the inner wall rotating coolant layer, and the jacketed heat exchange structure have a synergistic effect, reducing insufficient cooling and the risk of localized crystallization in the central powder flow region.

[0129] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing amorphous alloy powder, characterized in that, The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus comprises, from top to bottom: Molten metal supply unit: used to supply molten metal; Inert gas atomizing unit: used to break the molten metal into droplets using atomizing gas; Dual-swirl cooling unit: used to cool the alloy powder intermediate after being broken down by the inert gas atomization unit to form amorphous alloy powder; the dual-swirl cooling unit includes an inverted conical inner cylinder, an inverted conical outer cylinder sleeved outside the inverted conical inner cylinder, an annular interlayer flow channel between the inverted conical inner cylinder and the inverted conical outer cylinder, a first liquid inlet assembly for forming a first rotating coolant layer with the first coolant, a bottom annular spray slit, and a second liquid inlet assembly for allowing the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit, wherein the first rotating coolant layer is attached to the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder. The bottom annular spray slit is disposed at the bottom of the annular interlayer flow channel. The bottom annular spray slit is used to spray out the second coolant to form a bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain. The projection of the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain on a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the inverted cone-shaped inner cylinder at least covers a portion of the central region of the alloy powder intermediate. The outlet direction of the bottom annular spray slit is set to spray the second coolant in a downward inclined direction, and simultaneously have a circumferential velocity component, a radial velocity component toward the axis of the inverted cone-shaped inner cylinder, and a downward axial velocity component. A sedimentation collection unit is used to settle and receive the amorphous alloy powder.

2. The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amorphous alloy powder includes FeSiB-based amorphous alloy powder. By mass percentage, the composition of the amorphous alloy powder includes: Si: 1-14%, B: 1-5%, C: ≤4%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. And / or, the molten metal supply unit includes a heat-resistant container for containing the molten metal, a heating coil is disposed on the outer periphery of the heat-resistant container, and an outlet is formed at the bottom of the heat-resistant container; And / or, the inert gas atomizing unit includes a gas atomizer, the gas atomizer being configured with a gas injection port, the center line of the gas injection port being inclined downward toward the axis of the molten metal supply unit and forming an angle of 10° to 45° with the downward extension direction of the axis of the molten metal supply unit. And / or, the inner diameter of the inverted conical inner cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the inverted conical outer cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom; And / or, the inverted conical inner cylinder and the inverted conical outer cylinder are coaxially arranged; And / or, the inverted conical inner cylinder has the same half-cone angle as the inverted conical outer cylinder.

3. The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-swirl cooling unit further includes an atomizing cooling chamber, which is formed by the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder; the upper part of the atomizing cooling chamber is connected to the inert gas atomizing unit, and the lower part of the atomizing cooling chamber is connected to the sedimentation collection unit; inside the atomizing cooling chamber, a first rotating coolant layer is formed along the cylinder wall, and the bottom of the central region of the cavity is covered by the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain; The first liquid inlet assembly includes a first liquid inlet, which is disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder and directly communicates with the atomizing cooling chamber. Multiple first liquid inlets are evenly distributed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder. The first liquid inlets are used to spray out the first coolant and cause the first coolant to rotate and flow downwards along the inner wall of the inverted conical inner cylinder, forming the first rotating coolant layer. The liquid outlet direction of each first liquid inlet is tangential to the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder or has an angle of 5-30° relative to the tangential direction. And / or, the lower end of the annular interlayer flow channel is connected to the bottom annular spray slit, the bottom annular spray slit is continuously arranged around the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder, or is composed of multiple arc-shaped spray slits evenly spaced along the circumference; And / or, the second liquid inlet assembly includes a second liquid inlet, which is disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder and directly communicates with the annular interlayer flow channel. The second liquid inlet is used to allow the second coolant to enter the annular interlayer flow channel; the second liquid inlet is used to spray out the second coolant and cause the second coolant to rotate and flow downward along the inner wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder, entering the bottom annular spray slit; there are multiple second liquid inlets, which are evenly disposed on the upper side wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder; the liquid outlet direction of the second liquid inlet is along the tangent of the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical outer cylinder or has an angle of 5~30° relative to the tangent; And / or, the projection of the bottom rotating inverted conical cooling liquid curtain on a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder covers the central region of the alloy powder intermediate.

4. The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the inverted conical outer cylinder is provided with a spray slit forming section that extends radially inward toward the inverted conical inner cylinder. The inner wall surface of the spray slit forming section is arranged opposite to the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder. The annular gap between the inner wall surface of the spray slit forming section and the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder constitutes the bottom annular spray slit.

5. The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall surface of the liquid spraying slit forming section is a guide surface, which simultaneously satisfies the following conditions: it is inclined axially toward the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder and converges radially toward the axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder.

6. The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide surface is coaxially arranged with the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and the half-cone angle of the guide surface is greater than the half-cone angle of the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder, so that the annular gap between the guide surface and the outer wall surface of the lower end of the inverted conical inner cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom.

7. The amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial convergence angle between the outlet center direction of the bottom annular spray slit and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder is 30 to 60°. And / or, the axial convergence angle between the outlet center direction of the bottom annular spray slit and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder is greater than the half-cone angle between the side wall of the inverted conical outer cylinder and the central axis of the inverted conical inner cylinder, so that the second coolant deviates from the wall flow direction of the annular interlayer flow channel after being sprayed out, obtains a larger radial inward velocity component, and converges and extends towards the central region of the atomizing cooling chamber; And / or, the annular interlayer flow channel is provided with spiral guide ribs or oblique guide vanes; And / or, the bottom of the annular sandwich flow channel is provided with an isolation wall, which is used to separate the annular sandwich flow channel from the bottom annular spray slit, so that the bottom annular spray slit and the annular sandwich flow channel are not interconnected. The dual vortex cooling unit also includes a third liquid inlet assembly that communicates with the annular sandwich flow channel and is used to allow the third coolant to enter the annular sandwich flow channel, and a drain port for discharging the third coolant from the amorphous alloy powder preparation device. The bottom annular spray slit adopts a detachable or adjustable slit width structure. The second liquid inlet assembly includes a second liquid inlet. The second inlet is located on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit and is directly connected to the bottom annular spray slit. The second inlet is used to allow the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit. The second inlet is also used to spray out the second coolant and cause the second coolant to rotate and flow downward along the inner wall of the bottom annular spray slit. There are multiple second inlets, which are evenly distributed on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit. The outlet direction of the second inlet is along the tangent of the inner circumference of the bottom annular spray slit or has an angle of 5 to 30° relative to the tangent. And / or, the dual-vortex cooling unit further includes a third inlet assembly communicating with the annular interlayer flow channel and used to allow the third coolant to enter the annular interlayer flow channel. The outlet of the annular interlayer flow channel is provided with a three-way diversion structure. One of the three-way diversion structures is used to discharge part of the third coolant, and the other is used to mix the remaining part of the third coolant with the second coolant, so that the mixed solution enters the bottom annular spray slit and is sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit to form the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain. The bottom annular spray slit adopts a detachable or adjustable slit width structure, and the second inlet assembly... The component includes a second liquid inlet, which is disposed on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit and directly communicates with the bottom annular spray slit. The second liquid inlet is used to allow the second coolant to enter the bottom annular spray slit. The second liquid inlet is also used to spray out the second coolant and cause the second coolant to rotate and flow downward along the inner wall of the bottom annular spray slit. There are multiple second liquid inlets, which are evenly disposed on the upper sidewall of the bottom annular spray slit. The liquid outlet direction of the second liquid inlet is along the tangent of the inner circumferential surface of the bottom annular spray slit or has an angle of 5 to 30° relative to the tangent. And / or, the first liquid inlet assembly, the second liquid inlet assembly and the third liquid inlet assembly each independently further include at least one of a pump, a flow regulating valve, a pressure sensor and a flow meter; And / or, a temperature sensor is provided at at least one of the first coolant inlet, the second coolant inlet, the second coolant outlet, and the third coolant outlet; the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature data of the coolant in real time, monitor temperature changes, and assist in judging the heat exchange status of the cooling system. And / or, the sedimentation collection unit includes a sedimentation bucket and a collection tank; And / or, the atomizing cooling chamber and / or the settling collection unit are provided with a gas emission channel, a pressure monitoring component and an overpressure relief structure.

8. A method for preparing amorphous alloy powder, characterized in that, The method for preparing the amorphous alloy powder is carried out using the amorphous alloy powder preparation apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. The method for preparing amorphous alloy powder according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method for preparing the amorphous alloy powder includes the following steps: S1. Start the first liquid inlet assembly and the second liquid inlet assembly, so that the first coolant forms the first rotating coolant layer along the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical inner cylinder, and the second coolant is sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit to form the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain. S2. Melt the alloy raw materials to obtain the molten metal; S3. The molten metal is broken up by atomizing gas to form metal droplets that move downward along different trajectories, thereby obtaining the alloy powder intermediate. S4. The alloy powder intermediate enters the dual-swirling cooling unit for cooling; S5. The cooled alloy powder enters the sedimentation and collection unit with the cooling liquid, and after solid-liquid separation and drying, the amorphous alloy powder is obtained.

10. The method for preparing amorphous alloy powder according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S1, the second coolant first enters the annular interlayer flow channel, and then is sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit to form the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain. And / or, in step S1, the third liquid inlet assembly is activated, allowing the third coolant to enter the annular jacketed flow channel. After absorbing heat from the inverted conical inner cylinder wall, at least a portion of the third coolant is discharged from the amorphous alloy powder preparation device through the drain port or the three-way diversion structure. And / or, in step S1, at least a portion of the third coolant is mixed with the second coolant and then sprayed out through the bottom annular spray slit to form the bottom rotating inverted cone-shaped coolant curtain; And / or, in step S3, the molten metal 2 flows downward into the inert gas atomization unit; And / or, in step S4, the peripheral trajectory droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the first rotating coolant layer, where they are further dispersed, cooled, and solidified. Simultaneously, the second or third coolant absorbs heat from the inverted conical inner cylinder wall in the annular interlayer channel, and the central trajectory droplets of the alloy powder intermediate enter the bottom rotating inverted conical coolant curtain downwards, where they solidify rapidly.

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