Clamp for quick positioning and assembling of claw and counter claw

Abstract

The present application discloses a kind of chuck positive and negative claw quick positioning assembly fixture, to solve the problem of positioning cumbersome, low efficiency in chuck claw assembly process, the fixture includes datum mounting disc, drive positioning mechanism and control component, datum mounting disc is equipped with multiple adjustment stations that are evenly distributed around its axis, each station is equipped with radial sliding slot, drive positioning mechanism is installed in sliding slot, including electric push rod, test slider connected with it and the clamping assembly for clamping the T-shaped tail of chuck, control component is made of controller and the distance measuring sensor matched with the number of station, distance measuring sensor is used to measure the real-time position of each test slider, controller is electrically connected with all distance measuring sensors and electric push rod.The present application can control each electric push rod to drive test slider to move accurately to predetermined position simultaneously by preset displacement data, so as to realize the one-time, fast, accurate positioning and assembly preparation of multiple positive and negative claws, which greatly improves assembly efficiency and consistency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical assembly tooling technology, and in particular to a quick-positioning assembly fixture with forward and reverse jaws. Background Technology

[0002] In metal cutting machine tools, especially lathes and CNC lathes, the power chuck, as a core functional component for clamping workpieces, directly determines the machining quality and production efficiency through its clamping accuracy, repeatability, and dynamic balance performance. Large chucks such as the K11800A-K111250A achieve reliable clamping and rapid release of various workpieces, including cylindrical and irregularly shaped ones, through the radial synchronous or asynchronous movement of their jaws. The jaws are divided into positive and negative jaws according to the clamping direction, and their tails are generally designed with a standardized T-shaped structure that precisely matches the radial T-shaped grooves inside the chuck body.

[0003] In actual chuck assembly, maintenance, or changing jaw specifications according to machining tasks, operators face a crucial and tedious pre-processing step: pre-adjusting multiple jaws to specific radial positions that match the target workpiece dimensions, and then synchronously installing them as a whole into the chuck's T-slot. Traditional operating methods heavily rely on manual experience and skills: operators must use measuring tools such as vernier calipers and dial indicators, using the chuck center or a reference surface as a reference, to manually measure, fine-tune, tighten, and verify each jaw individually. This process has several inherent drawbacks: First, it is extremely inefficient, with each adjustment taking a long time, especially in modern production environments with frequent changes in small batches, becoming a significant efficiency bottleneck. Second, accuracy is difficult to guarantee and consistency is poor; manual measurement is subject to parallax and operational errors, and multiple chucks cannot be precisely adjusted to the same theoretical circumference. This initial positioning deviation is transmitted to the chuck system, causing clamping eccentricity, which in turn leads to increased workpiece machining errors, uneven chuck wear, and even harmful vibrations during high-speed rotation, affecting the dynamic performance of the machine tool and tool life. Finally, it requires high operator skills, and the assembly quality is unstable, which is not conducive to standardized operations and large-scale production.

[0004] Although some chuck adjustment aids or simple fixtures exist on the market, most of them are single-function, providing only rough positioning or clamping, and cannot achieve digital setting of multi-jaw positions, high-precision synchronous drive, and real-time closed-loop feedback control. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an intelligent, integrated, dedicated assembly fixture that can automatically and digitally complete the rapid, accurate, and repeatable pre-positioning of multiple chucks in one go, fundamentally solving the pain points of traditional assembly methods, improving the overall assembly quality and efficiency of chuck systems, and adapting to the development trend of intelligent manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a chuck jaw fast positioning assembly fixture to achieve efficient, accurate, and one-time multi-station positioning of the chuck jaws before assembly.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A quick-positioning assembly fixture with forward and reverse jaws includes: A reference mounting plate has a center hole for engaging with the power chuck spindle. The plate body has several adjustment positions evenly spaced around its axis, the number of which preferably matches the number of jaws on the chuck to be assembled.

[0007] Each of the aforementioned adjustment stations is equipped with a sliding groove, which is arranged radially along the reference mounting plate. A drive positioning mechanism is installed at each sliding groove, comprising an electric actuator, a test slider, and a clamping assembly. The electric actuator is fixed within the sliding groove by bolts or clips, and its output end is fixedly connected to the test slider, which is slidably connected to the sliding groove. The top of the test slider is provided with a T-shaped tail mounting groove for the positive and negative claws. The sidewall of this mounting groove is designed to slide against the outer wall of the T-shaped tail of the positive and negative claws to provide guidance. A clamping assembly for clamping and fixing the T-shaped tail of the positive and negative claws is provided at the T-shaped tail mounting groove.

[0008] The control assembly includes a controller and distance sensors. The number of distance sensors matches the number of adjustment stations and is fixedly installed at the end of the inner wall of the slide, used to accurately measure the position of the test slider relative to a reference point at the corresponding station. The controller is electrically connected to each distance sensor and each electric actuator. The controller, distance sensors, and electric actuators are electrically connected to an external power source via wires.

[0009] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes an adjusting screw with a handle and a clamping plate. The clamping plate can slide within the mounting groove of the T-shaped tail of the positive and negative claws. The adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the clamping plate via a bearing or similar structure, and is also threadedly connected to the test slider. By rotating the handle, the clamping plate can be moved, thereby clamping or releasing the T-shaped tail of the claws. To further enhance clamping stability and prevent slippage, an anti-slip pad is provided on the side of the clamping plate that holds the T-shaped tail of the positive and negative claws and is fixedly connected thereto.

[0010] Preferably, the controller is fixed on the reference mounting plate. For ease of operation, an instruction input device is integrated and fixedly installed on the controller for inputting or setting target displacement data for each test slider. The instruction input device is preferably a touch screen display for human-machine interaction.

[0011] Preferably, the ranging sensor is a high-precision miniature laser ranging chip or a fiber optic confocal displacement sensor.

[0012] The working principle and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In use, the T-shaped tails of the jaws to be assembled are sequentially placed into the T-shaped tail mounting slots of the positive and negative jaws at each station, and clamped and fixed with the clamping assembly. Then, the radial target position parameters to be reached by each jaw are input or selected through the instruction input device. After receiving the instruction, the controller, in conjunction with the real-time position signals of the test slider fed back by each ranging sensor, controls the corresponding electric actuator to move, pushing the test slider and the clamped jaws radially along the slide groove until the ranging sensor detects that the position has reached the target value. All electric actuators can move synchronously or sequentially until all jaws are accurately positioned to the predetermined position. Afterward, the operator can directly assemble the entire reference mounting plate together with the positioned jaws as a whole with the power chuck, greatly simplifying the process.

[0013] This invention achieves automated and digital precise adjustment of the position of multiple jaws through integrated electromechanical control, completely replacing the traditional manual measurement and adjustment method. It has outstanding advantages such as fast positioning speed, high accuracy and good consistency, and significantly improves the assembly efficiency and quality of the chuck. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of a chuck front and back jaw rapid positioning assembly fixture according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the complete planar structure of a chuck with forward and reverse jaws for rapid positioning and assembly, as described in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive positioning mechanism of a chuck front and back claw rapid positioning assembly fixture according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This application provides an embodiment of a chuck jaw fast positioning assembly fixture. Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This is a control block diagram of a chuck fast positioning assembly fixture with forward and reverse jaws, as described in an embodiment of this application.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Reference mounting plate; 2. Adjustment station; 3. Power chuck spindle docking hole; 4. Slide groove; 5. Drive positioning mechanism; 6. Electric push rod; 7. Test slider; 8. Clamping plate; 9. Adjusting screw; 10. Anti-slip pad; 11. T-shaped tail mounting groove for positive and negative claws; 12. Controller; 13. Command input device; 14. Distance sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] It should also be noted that all standard parts used in this application are commercially available, and can be custom-made according to the description and drawings. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure based on the specific circumstances, and unless explicitly limited, machinery, parts, and equipment can all adopt conventional models in the prior art.

[0020] In this document, the term "comprising" is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0021] Example: Reference Figure 1-5 The chuck fast positioning assembly fixture and its control system shown mainly include a reference mounting plate 1, a drive positioning mechanism 5, and a control component.

[0022] The reference mounting plate 1 is a circular plate with a power chuck spindle mating hole 3 machined in its center for temporary alignment and connection with the spindle of the chuck to be assembled. Three adjustment stations 2 are machined on the plate, evenly spaced at 120-degree intervals around its axis. Each adjustment station 2 has a groove 4 extending radially along the reference mounting plate 1.

[0023] Each slide 4 contains a drive positioning mechanism 5 fixedly mounted with bolts. This mechanism includes an electric push rod 6, a test slider 7, and a clamping assembly. The housing of the electric push rod 6 is fixed to the bottom of the slide 4, and the end of its output rod is fixedly connected to the test slider 7. The bottom of the test slider 7 is provided with a protrusion or guide rail, which cooperates with the side walls of the slide 4 to achieve stable radial sliding. The top of the test slider 7 is machined with a T-shaped tail mounting groove 11 for positive and negative claws. The shape of the T-shaped tail mounting groove 11 matches the T-shaped head of the claw tail, and the side wall of the groove fits against the side of the T-shaped head, serving a guiding function.

[0024] A clamping assembly is mounted on the test slider 7 to lock the T-shaped tail of the jaws within the mounting groove 11 for the T-shaped tail of the positive and negative jaws. In this embodiment, the clamping assembly includes a clamping plate 8 that can slide within the mounting groove 11 for the T-shaped tail of the positive and negative jaws, an adjusting screw 9 with a handle, and an anti-slip pad 10 adhered to the inner side of the clamping plate 8. The tail end of the adjusting screw 9 is rotatably connected to the clamping plate 8 via an embedded bearing, while the middle screw section engages with a threaded hole on the side wall of the test slider 7. When the handle of the adjusting screw 9 is rotated clockwise, the clamping plate 8 moves inward, pressing the T-shaped tail of the jaws against the anti-slip pad 10; rotating it counterclockwise releases the clamping plate.

[0025] The control assembly includes a controller 12 fixed to the back of the reference mounting plate 1 and three distance sensors 14. A distance sensor 14 is mounted on the inner end of each slide 4, away from the end of the power chuck spindle mating hole 3. Its probe points to the corresponding side of the test slide 7, used for real-time, high-precision measurement of the radial displacement of the test slide 7. A touchscreen display, serving as a command input device 13, is integrated on the controller 12. The controller 12 is electrically connected to all distance sensors 14, all electric actuators 6, and an external power supply via internal circuitry and external cables.

[0026] During the specific assembly operation: First, place the T-shaped tails of the three jaws into the mounting slots 11 of the positive and negative jaws of the three test sliders 7, respectively. Rotate the adjusting screws 9 handles at each station to initially clamp and fix them using the clamping plates 8 and anti-slip pads 10. Then, input the final radial coordinate values ​​to be set for the three jaws on the touch display screen 13. The coordinate values ​​are calculated based on the diameter of the workpiece to be processed. The controller 12 reads the preset values ​​and simultaneously reads the current position values ​​fed back by the three distance sensors 14, calculating the distance and direction that each electric actuator 6 needs to move. Subsequently, the controller 12 simultaneously sends drive commands to the three electric actuators 6. The electric actuators 6 push the test sliders 7 and jaws to move, and the distance sensors 14 continuously provide position feedback. When the feedback value enters the allowable error range of the target value, the controller 12 controls the corresponding electric actuator 6 to stop. After all three stations are completed, the display screen indicates that the positioning is complete. At this time, the three jaws are precisely located in the predetermined concentric circle position. The operator can then align the entire fixture with the chuck spindle through the docking hole 3, and push the jaws into the chuck T-slot to complete the quick assembly.

[0027] In summary, this invention achieves automated and digital precise adjustment of the positions of multiple chuck jaws through integrated electromechanical control, completely replacing the traditional manual measurement and adjustment method. It has outstanding advantages such as fast positioning speed, high accuracy, and good consistency, significantly improving the assembly efficiency and quality of the chuck, and has reliable inventiveness.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-positioning assembly fixture with forward and reverse jaws, characterized in that, include: The reference mounting plate (1) is provided with a number of adjustment stations (2) evenly spaced around its axis. Each of the aforementioned adjustment stations (2) is provided with a slide groove (4). The slide groove (4) is arranged along the radial direction of the reference mounting plate (1). A drive positioning mechanism (5) is installed at the slide groove (4). The drive positioning mechanism (5) includes an electric push rod (6), a test slider (7), and a clamping assembly. The electric push rod (6) is fixed in the slide groove (4), and its output end is fixedly connected to the test slider (7) which is slidably connected to the slide groove (4). The top of the test slider (7) is provided with a positive and negative claw T-shaped tail mounting groove (11). A clamping assembly for clamping the positive and negative claw T-shaped tail is provided at the positive and negative claw T-shaped tail mounting groove (11). The control component includes a controller (12) and a distance sensor (14), the distance sensor (14) being matched in number to the adjustment station (2) and used to measure the position of the test slider (7) at each adjustment station (2), the controller (12) being electrically connected to each distance sensor (14) and each electric push rod (6).

2. The quick positioning and assembly fixture for chucks with forward and reverse jaws according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of adjustment stations (2) is matched with the number of jaws of the chuck to be assembled.

3. A quick-positioning assembly fixture for forward and reverse jaws according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (12) is fixed on the reference mounting plate (1), and the ranging sensor (14) is fixedly installed at the end of the slide groove on the inner side wall of the slide groove (4).

4. A quick-positioning assembly fixture with forward and reverse jaws according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (12), the ranging sensor (14), and the electric actuator (6) are electrically connected to an external power source via wires.

5. A quick-positioning assembly fixture for forward and reverse jaws according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes an adjusting screw (9) with a handle and a clamping plate (8). The clamping plate (8) slides within the T-shaped tail mounting groove (11) of the positive and negative claws. The adjusting screw (9) and the clamping plate (8) are rotatably connected and threadedly connected to the test slider (7).

6. A quick-positioning assembly fixture for forward and reverse jaws according to claim 3, characterized in that, The controller (12) is integrated with a fixed instruction input device (13), which is used to input the displacement data of each test slider (7) into the controller (12).

7. A quick-positioning assembly fixture for forward and reverse jaws according to claim 6, characterized in that, The instruction input device (13) is a touch screen display.

8. A quick-positioning assembly fixture with forward and reverse jaws according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping plate (8) has an anti-slip pad (10) fixedly connected to one side of the T-shaped tail of the positive and negative claws.

9. A quick-positioning assembly fixture with forward and reverse jaws according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the positive and negative claw T-shaped tail mounting groove (11) and the outer wall of the positive and negative claw T-shaped tail slide together.

10. A quick-positioning assembly fixture for forward and reverse jaws according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ranging sensor (14) is a miniature laser ranging chip or a fiber optic confocal displacement sensor.

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