A multi-station horizontal milling device based on double rotary table alternate operation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-station horizontal milling equipment based on double rotary table alternate operation, including machine warehouse, first up and down material area, work area and second up and down material area are sequentially provided in machine warehouse, two processing mechanisms are provided in work area, two transmission mechanisms are provided on machine warehouse, two processing mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of two transmission mechanisms, for conveying two indexing mechanisms, indexing mechanism includes installation warehouse, cam and index plate are rotationally arranged in installation warehouse, and the rotation axes of the two are perpendicular;Multiple rollers are circumferentially arranged below index plate, roller is arranged on index plate by eccentric shaft, elastic element is arranged between roller and eccentric shaft, gear is arranged on eccentric shaft, gear ring is arranged on index plate and engaged with it, load plate is arranged above index plate, the cooperation of eccentric shaft, elastic element and gear ring gear transmission is used to realize the automatic compensation of transmission gap after the wear of roller, the uniformity of contact pressure is considered, and the precision maintenance life of indexing mechanism is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of milling equipment technology, and specifically to a multi-station horizontal milling machine based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, horizontal milling equipment with dual-station alternating operation is set up with two stations, so that while one station is performing milling operations, the other station is loading and unloading materials, thereby achieving the overlap of processing and loading / unloading times and effectively improving production efficiency.

[0003] However, for workpieces with multiple surfaces to be machined, existing equipment usually only has a single machining mechanism, which can only mill one surface of the workpiece at a time. When different surfaces of the workpiece need to be machined, it can only be done by multiple clamping, repeated positioning or multiple processes. It is impossible to perform separate or synchronous operations on two surfaces of the workpiece, let alone complete the machining of all four surfaces of the workpiece at one time in one machine. This results in low machining efficiency, many clamping times, accumulation of positioning errors, and difficulty in ensuring the relative positional accuracy between the machined surfaces.

[0004] In addition, in existing dual-station horizontal milling equipment, the indexing mechanism used to achieve alternating workstations typically employs a cam indexer (cam divider). The cam indexer uses the cam's ridge to move multiple rollers arranged circumferentially on the indexing plate, achieving intermittent indexing of the indexing plate at a fixed angle. It has advantages such as high indexing accuracy, zero backlash in transmission, and compact structure, and is particularly suitable for 180° alternating operation of dual-station indexing plates.

[0005] The high precision of a cam indexer primarily relies on the interference fit between the cam's ridge and the roller. This means the cam's side is symmetrically fitted with the corresponding roller, eliminating transmission backlash and ensuring indexing accuracy. However, during long-term operation, roller wear is inevitable. As the roller wears, its outer diameter decreases and its profile changes, both of which lead to transmission backlash between the cam and the roller. The original interference fit gradually fails, consequently reducing indexing accuracy and repeatability.

[0006] To address the aforementioned wear problem, existing technologies typically require replacing the rollers as a whole. Furthermore, the indexing mechanism needs to ensure stable transmission during the indexing process and resist cutting forces and ensure machining rigidity during the machining process. Existing technologies usually require separate locking mechanisms, which are complex in structure and inconvenient to control.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dual-station horizontal milling machine that can simultaneously perform individual or synchronous operations on different surfaces of a workpiece, or even complete the machining of multiple surfaces of a workpiece in one go, and can automatically compensate for transmission clearance after roller wear, take into account the uniformity of contact pressure of each roller, and simplify the locking structure. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-station horizontal milling machine based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables, so as to solve the problems that existing equipment cannot perform individual or synchronous operation on different surfaces of a workpiece, and cannot complete the machining of multiple surfaces of a workpiece in one machine at one time; at the same time, it solves the problems that existing cam indexers cannot effectively compensate for transmission clearance after roller wear, and the indexing accuracy gradually decreases with wear.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-station horizontal milling machine based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables, including a machine compartment, wherein a first loading and unloading area, a working area and a second loading and unloading area are arranged sequentially in the machine compartment; The work area is equipped with a first processing mechanism and a second processing mechanism. The machine bay is also equipped with a first conveying mechanism and a second conveying mechanism arranged in a coaxial manner. The first processing mechanism and the second processing mechanism are located on both sides of the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism, respectively. The first conveying mechanism is used to convey the first indexing mechanism between the first loading / unloading area and the working area, and the second conveying mechanism is used to convey the second indexing mechanism between the second loading / unloading area and the working area.

[0010] Furthermore, preferably, the first processing mechanism and the second processing mechanism have the same structure; The first processing mechanism includes a first lead screw assembly, a second lead screw assembly, and a third lead screw assembly. The first lead screw assembly, the second lead screw assembly, and the third lead screw assembly are arranged along three mutually perpendicular directions, which together constitute the basis for three-dimensional spatial motion. The free end of the first processing mechanism is the end of the three-dimensional spatial motion base. The free end is provided with a processing shaft that can rotate around its own axis. A cutting tool is provided on the processing shaft. A tool changing assembly for replacing the cutting tool is also provided next to the processing shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the first indexing mechanism has the same structure as the second indexing mechanism. The first indexing mechanism includes a mounting chamber, in which a cam and an indexing plate are rotatably mounted. The rotation axis of the indexing plate is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the cam. Multiple rollers are arranged circumferentially below the indexing plate, and the axis of each roller is arranged parallel to the axis of the indexing plate. The rollers are engaged with the cam. Each roller is mounted on the indexing plate via an eccentric shaft, and an elastic element is provided between the roller and the eccentric shaft; The eccentric shaft is provided with a gear, and the indexing plate is provided with a gear ring, which meshes with each of the gears; Above the indexing plate is a support plate for supporting the workpiece to be processed.

[0012] Furthermore, preferably, the toothed ring is located above the indexing plate; The bearing plate has a T-shaped cross-section and is connected to the indexing plate through the toothed ring.

[0013] Furthermore, preferably, the eccentric shaft is used to drive the roller to move during rotation, to compensate for the transmission clearance caused by the wear of the roller, and to make the roller fit against the convex ridge of the cam. The elastic element applies a preload force to the roller toward the cam, so that the roller remains in contact with the convex ridge of the cam.

[0014] Furthermore, preferably, the elastic element is a disc spring or a coil spring; The stiffness of the elastic element is configured such that the roller with less wear bears a larger contact pressure, thus accelerating wear, while the roller with more wear bears a smaller contact pressure, thus slowing down wear, thereby causing the wear of each roller to spontaneously tend to be consistent.

[0015] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the indexing plate is provided with a locking block, which rotates synchronously with the indexing plate; A first locking block is provided above the locking block, and the first locking block is used to lock the rotation of the toothed ring relative to the indexing plate; Below the locking block is a second locking block, which is used to lock the indexing plate relative to the mounting chamber.

[0016] Furthermore, preferably, the locking block is connected to a telescopic rod, which is used to drive the locking block to switch between locking the toothed ring and locking the indexing plate.

[0017] Furthermore, preferably, the telescopic rod is a hydraulic telescopic rod, and the indexing plate is also provided with a controller for controlling the telescopic rod; When the indexing plate rotates to index, the telescopic rod drives the locking block to lock the first locking block relative to the indexing plate, so as to ensure transmission stability; When the indexing plate stops processing, the telescopic rod drives the locking block to cause the second locking block to abut against the mounting chamber, thereby locking the rotation of the indexing plate relative to the mounting chamber and resisting cutting forces.

[0018] Furthermore, preferably, the cam's ridge is arranged around the outer peripheral surface of the cam, and the cam is driven to rotate by a motor.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-station horizontal milling machine based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, an elastic element is provided between the eccentric shaft and the roller to apply a preload force toward the cam to keep the roller in contact with the ridge. When the roller wears and a transmission gap is generated, the rotating gear ring drives each eccentric shaft to rotate through the gear, causing each roller to be displaced, compensating for the transmission gap, and allowing the roller to re-fit the ridge. The indexing accuracy can be restored without replacing the roller or the cam.

[0020] 2. In this invention, by means of gear transmission between the gear ring and each eccentric shaft, rotating the gear ring can make each eccentric shaft rotate synchronously, thereby achieving overall and synchronous adjustment of each roller, so that each roller re-fits the convex ridge, fundamentally eliminating transmission gap.

[0021] 3. In this invention, by installing the locking block and telescopic rod on the indexing plate and rotating synchronously with the indexing plate, and cooperating with the first locking block and the second locking block respectively set above and below the locking block, the locking object can be switched. Only one locking mechanism is needed to take into account both transmission stability and processing rigidity, and the control is simple and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a multi-station horizontal milling machine based on alternating operation of two rotary tables; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a multi-station horizontal milling machine based on alternating operation of two rotary tables; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism, and the first indexing mechanism; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lead screw assembly; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first indexing mechanism. In the diagram: 1. Machine compartment; 2. First loading / unloading area; 3. Second loading / unloading area; 4. First conveying mechanism; 5. Second conveying mechanism; 6. First indexing mechanism; 7. Second indexing mechanism; 8. First machining mechanism; 9. Second machining mechanism; 81. First lead screw assembly; 82. Second lead screw assembly; 83. Third lead screw assembly; 84. Machining shaft; 85. Cutting tool; 86. Tool changing assembly; 61. Mounting compartment; 62. Motor; 63. Indexing plate; 64. Cam; 65. Roller; 66. Eccentric shaft; 67. Gear; 68. Gear ring; 69. Bearing plate; 610. Locking block; 611. First locking block; 612. Second locking block; 613. Telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate; this is merely a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes in the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to those processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment describes a multi-station horizontal milling machine based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables, including a machine compartment 1. The machine compartment 1 is a hollow shell used to house and support the internal mechanisms. The internal space of the machine compartment 1 is divided into three areas along one direction: a first loading / unloading area 2, a working area, and a second loading / unloading area 3. The first loading / unloading area 2 and the second loading / unloading area 3 are located on opposite sides of the working area.

[0025] The work area is equipped with a first machining mechanism 8 and a second machining mechanism 9 with identical structures. The first machining mechanism 8 and the second machining mechanism 9 are used to perform milling on the workpieces to be processed that enter the work area.

[0026] The machine bay 1 is also equipped with a first conveyor mechanism 4 and a second conveyor mechanism 5 arranged in a coaxial manner. A first processing mechanism 8 and a second processing mechanism 9 are located on both sides of the first conveyor mechanism 4 and the second conveyor mechanism 5, respectively. The first conveyor mechanism 4 is used to convey the first indexing mechanism 6 between the first loading / unloading area 2 and the working area, and the second conveyor mechanism 5 is used to convey the second indexing mechanism 7 between the second loading / unloading area 3 and the working area. The first indexing mechanism 6 and the second indexing mechanism 7 have the same structure and alternately convey between the first loading / unloading area 2 and the working area, and between the second loading / unloading area 3 and the working area, respectively, to realize the alternating operation of the processing station and the loading / unloading station.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, taking the first processing mechanism 8 as an example, it includes a first lead screw assembly 81, a second lead screw assembly 82, and a third lead screw assembly 83. The first lead screw assembly 81, the second lead screw assembly 82, and the third lead screw assembly 83 are arranged along three mutually perpendicular directions, together forming a three-dimensional spatial motion foundation, enabling the free end of the first processing mechanism 8 to move in three-dimensional space. The free end is the end of the three-dimensional spatial motion foundation, that is, the motion output end located at the last stage of the lead screw assembly.

[0028] The free end of the first machining mechanism 8 is provided with a machining shaft 84, which can rotate around its own axis. A cutting tool 85 is mounted on the machining shaft 84. A tool changing assembly 86 is also provided next to the machining shaft 84 for automatically changing the cutting tool 85. The structure of the second machining mechanism 9 is the same as that of the first machining mechanism 8, and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, taking the first indexing mechanism 6 as an example, it includes an installation chamber 61. The installation chamber 61 is a hollow shell, and a cam 64 and an indexing plate 63 are rotatably disposed inside the installation chamber 61. The rotation axis of the indexing plate 63 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the cam 64.

[0030] The indexing plate 63 is a disc-shaped component that can rotate around its own axis. Multiple rollers 65 are arranged circumferentially below the indexing plate 63, with the rollers 65 spaced apart circumferentially. The axis of each roller 65 is parallel to the axis of the indexing plate 63, meaning the rollers 65 are vertically positioned below the indexing plate 63 along the axial direction.

[0031] Cam 64 is a cylindrical cam (also known as a worm cam). The rotation axis of cam 64 is horizontally positioned and perpendicular to the rotation axis of indexing plate 63. A ridge surrounds the outer circumference of cam 64 and extends into the area where each roller 65 is located below indexing plate 63, actuating the rollers 65 from the side. The sides of the ridge along its thickness direction respectively engage with the corresponding rollers 65. When cam 64 rotates, one side of the ridge pushes the corresponding roller 65 to achieve indexing. Cam 64 is driven to rotate by motor 62. Each rotation of cam 64 causes indexing plate 63 to rotate through a fixed angle via its ridge. The output shaft of motor 62 is connected to the input shaft of cam 64, providing continuous power to cam 64.

[0032] Above the indexing plate 63 is a support plate 69 for holding the workpiece to be processed. The support plate 69 is used to place the workpiece to be processed and rotates indexed together with the indexing plate 63.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, each roller 65 is mounted on the indexing plate 63 via an eccentric shaft 66. The eccentric shaft 66 is positioned along the axial direction (i.e., vertical direction) of the indexing plate 63, with its middle section rotatably inserted into a shaft hole on the indexing plate 63. The lower end of the eccentric shaft 66 is located below the indexing plate 63 and is used to mount the roller 65, while the upper end of the eccentric shaft 66 is located above the indexing plate 63 and is used to coaxially fix the gear 67. The axis of the section of the eccentric shaft 66 used to mount the roller 65 (eccentric section) is eccentrically positioned relative to the rotation axis of the middle insertion section, with an eccentricity e between them.

[0034] An elastic element is provided between the roller 65 and the eccentric shaft 66. One end of the elastic element abuts against the eccentric shaft 66, and the other end abuts against the roller 65, thereby applying a preload force to the roller 65 toward the ridge of the cam 64, ensuring that the roller 65 always conforms to the ridge of the cam 64, and buffering minor vibrations of the roller 65. In this embodiment, the elastic element is a disc spring or a coil spring.

[0035] Because the eccentric shaft 66 has an eccentricity e, when the eccentric shaft 66 is rotated, the rotation center of the roller 65 undergoes a slight displacement in both the radial and circumferential directions. It should be noted that the transmission gap between the roller 65 and the cam 64 caused by wear has both radial and circumferential components; rotating the eccentric shaft 66 to displace the roller 65 in both the radial and circumferential directions can comprehensively compensate for the aforementioned transmission gap, allowing the roller 65 to re-adhere to the cam 64's cam ridge on one side.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the indexing plate 63 is also provided with a toothed ring 68. The toothed ring 68 is a ring-shaped component, coaxially arranged with the indexing plate 63, and located above the indexing plate 63 (that is, the toothed ring 68 and the indexing plate 63 are arranged axially offset, with the indexing plate 63 on the lower layer and the toothed ring 68 on the upper layer). The toothed ring 68 can rotate relative to the indexing plate 63 about the axis of the indexing plate 63, and its inner circle is provided with gear teeth.

[0037] Each eccentric shaft 66 is coaxially fixed with a gear 67, and each gear 67 meshes with the teeth of the gear ring 68. Thus, when the gear ring 68 rotates, it synchronously drives each eccentric shaft 66 to rotate around its respective axis by the same angle through the meshing gears 67, thereby synchronously adjusting the radial and circumferential positions of each roller 65, achieving overall and synchronous adjustment of the transmission clearance between each roller 65 and the ridge of the cam 64.

[0038] It should be noted that the gear ring 68 is not a continuously rotating transmission component, but rather rotates as the input end of the overall linkage adjustment mechanism during the assembly, debugging, or maintenance of the indexing mechanism. The power source for the gear ring 68 is an external adjustment power source: in actual use, when the equipment is stopped and the indexing plate 63 is stationary, an adjustment drive component (such as a manual wrench, adjustment motor, or hydraulic motor, not shown in the figure) mounted on the mounting chamber 61 engages with the gear ring 68 and drives it to rotate, thereby synchronously adjusting the radial and / or circumferential positions of each eccentric shaft 66 and each roller 65. After adjustment, the adjustment drive component disengages from the gear ring 68, and the aforementioned locking mechanism locks the gear ring 68 in place. Thus, the gear ring 68 is only driven to rotate when it is necessary to re-establish or adjust the preload. During normal indexing operations, the gear ring 68 is in a locked state, rotating synchronously with the indexing plate 63, and does not participate in the indexing transmission; the adjustment drive component is also not driven.

[0039] The bearing plate 69 has a T-shaped cross-section. The upper part of the bearing plate 69 is the plate body for supporting the workpiece, and the lower part is a connecting portion extending downwards along the axial direction. The connecting portion of the bearing plate 69 passes through the center of the gear ring 68 and connects to the indexing plate 63 located below (for example, by bolts, keys, or splines), thereby integrating the bearing plate 69 and the indexing plate 63 into one unit, allowing the bearing plate 69 to rotate indexed together with the indexing plate 63. The gear ring 68 is fitted around the outer periphery of the connecting portion of the bearing plate 69, located between the plate body of the bearing plate 69 and the indexing plate 63.

[0040] A locking block 610 is provided above the indexing plate 63, and the locking block 610 rotates synchronously with the indexing plate 63. The locking block 610 is a movable block, with a first locking block 611 above it and a second locking block 612 below it.

[0041] The first locking block 611 is located above the locking block 610 and is used to lock the rotation of the gear ring 68 relative to the indexing plate 63. Specifically, the first locking block 611 can move radially inward, abutting against the outer wall of the gear ring 68 from its outer circumference, thereby locking the rotation of the gear ring 68 relative to the indexing plate 63, preventing the gear ring 68 and each eccentric shaft 66 from rotating relative to the indexing plate 63, and ensuring transmission stability during the indexing process. Since the locking block 610 rotates synchronously with the indexing plate 63, when the first locking block 611 locks the gear ring 68, the gear ring 68 can still revolve with the indexing plate 63, and the indexing rotation of the indexing plate 63 is not hindered.

[0042] The second locking block 612 is located below the locking block 610 and is used to lock the indexing plate 63 relative to the mounting chamber 61. Specifically, the second locking block 612 can move radially outward and abut against the inner wall of the mounting chamber 61 (or a fixed stop provided on the mounting chamber 61), thereby locking the indexing plate 63 in the mounting chamber 61 and preventing the indexing plate 63 from rotating relative to the mounting chamber 61 to resist the cutting force during machining.

[0043] In this embodiment, the locking block 610 is connected to a telescopic rod 613. The telescopic rod 613 is used to drive the locking block 610 to move, so that the locking block 610 switches between the locking toothed ring 68 and the locking indexing plate 63.

[0044] The wear compensation method and locking switching method of the present invention are described below.

[0045] (a) Wear compensation methods During initial assembly, rotating the gear ring 68 synchronously drives the eccentric shafts 66 to rotate through the gears 67, adjusting the rollers 65 to be in an interference-fitted state with the cam 64, and maintaining a continuous preload force by the elastic element.

[0046] When the indexing mechanism has been running for a long time and the roller 65 has worn, a transmission gap appears between the ridge of the cam 64 and the roller 65. At this time, by rotating the gear ring 68, the eccentric shafts 66 are driven to rotate synchronously through the gears 67, so that the rollers 65 are displaced in the radial and circumferential directions, which comprehensively compensates for the transmission gap, so that the rollers 65 re-fit against the ridge on one side and eliminate the gap.

[0047] When the wear of each roller 65 is inconsistent, the roller 65 with smaller wear has a relatively larger contact pressure and its wear rate increases accordingly, while the roller 65 with larger wear has a relatively smaller contact pressure and its wear rate decreases accordingly. As a result, the wear of each roller 65 will spontaneously tend to be consistent during long-term operation, thereby achieving self-balance of contact pressure.

[0048] When the wear accumulates to the point that it exceeds the compensation range of the elastic element, the gear ring 68 can be rotated again, and each eccentric shaft 66 can be rotated synchronously through each gear 67 to adjust each roller 65 radially and circumferentially, and re-establish the fit and pre-tightness.

[0049] (ii) Lock switching method During the indexing process, the indexing plate 63 is rotating. At this time, the controller controls the telescopic rod 613 to drive the locking block 610, so that the first locking block 611 locks the gear ring 68 from the outside to the inside, thereby locking the rotation of the gear ring 68 relative to the indexing plate 63, and further locking the eccentric shafts 66 meshing with the gear ring 68, ensuring transmission stability during the indexing process. Since the locking block 610 and the telescopic rod 613 rotate synchronously with the indexing plate 63, the gear ring 68 still revolves with the indexing plate 63, and the indexing of the indexing plate 63 is not hindered.

[0050] During the machining process, the indexing plate 63 is in a stopped state. At this time, the controller controls the telescopic rod 613 to drive the locking block 610, so that the second locking block 612 abuts against the mounting chamber 61 outward, thereby locking the indexing plate 63 in the mounting chamber 61, preventing the indexing plate 63 from rotating relative to the mounting chamber 61, and resisting the cutting force.

[0051] Therefore, by using only a locking block 610 and a telescopic rod 613, the locking object can be switched between the locking toothed ring 68 relative to the indexing plate 63 and the locking indexing plate 63 relative to the mounting chamber 61, which is simple in structure and reliable in control.

[0052] In this embodiment, the cam 64 is driven to rotate by the motor 62, and the indexing plate 63 is a 180° dual-station indexing plate, used to realize the alternating operation of the machining station and the loading / unloading station. The first indexing mechanism 6 and the second indexing mechanism 7 alternately transmit between the first loading / unloading area 2 and the working area, and between the second loading / unloading area 3 and the working area, respectively, and cooperate with the first machining mechanism 8 and the second machining mechanism 9 to complete the alternating horizontal milling machining at the dual stations.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-station horizontal milling machine based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables, comprising a machine compartment (1), characterized in that, The machine compartment (1) is provided with a first loading and unloading area (2), a working area and a second loading and unloading area (3) in sequence. The work area is provided with a first processing mechanism (8) and a second processing mechanism (9). The machine room (1) is also provided with a first conveying mechanism (4) and a second conveying mechanism (5) arranged in a coaxial manner. The first processing mechanism (8) and the second processing mechanism (9) are located on both sides of the first conveying mechanism (4) and the second conveying mechanism (5), respectively. The first conveying mechanism (4) is used to convey the first indexing mechanism (6) between the first loading / unloading area (2) and the working area, and the second conveying mechanism (5) is used to convey the second indexing mechanism (7) between the second loading / unloading area (3) and the working area.

2. The multi-station horizontal milling equipment based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first processing mechanism (8) and the second processing mechanism (9) have the same structure; The first processing mechanism (8) includes a first lead screw assembly (81), a second lead screw assembly (82) and a third lead screw assembly (83). The first lead screw assembly (81), the second lead screw assembly (82) and the third lead screw assembly (83) are arranged in three mutually perpendicular directions, which together constitute the basis for three-dimensional spatial motion. The free end of the first processing mechanism (8) is the end of the three-dimensional space motion base. The free end is provided with a processing shaft (84) that can rotate around its own axis. A cutting tool (85) is provided on the processing shaft (84). A tool changing assembly (86) for changing the cutting tool (85) is also provided next to the processing shaft (84).

3. The multi-station horizontal milling equipment based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first indexing mechanism (6) has the same structure as the second indexing mechanism (7). The first indexing mechanism (6) includes an installation chamber (61). A cam (64) and an indexing plate (63) are rotatably provided in the installation chamber (61). The rotation axis of the indexing plate (63) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the cam (64). The indexing plate (63) has a plurality of rollers (65) arranged circumferentially below it. The axis of each roller (65) is arranged parallel to the axis of the indexing plate (63), and the roller (65) is engaged with the cam (64). Each of the rollers (65) is mounted on the indexing plate (63) via an eccentric shaft (66), and an elastic element is provided between the roller (65) and the eccentric shaft (66); The eccentric shaft (66) is provided with a gear (67), and the indexing plate (63) is provided with a gear ring (68), which meshes with each of the gears (67); Above the indexing plate (63) is a support plate (69) for carrying the workpiece to be processed.

4. The multi-station horizontal milling equipment based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables according to claim 3, characterized in that, The toothed ring (68) is located above the indexing plate (63); The cross-section of the bearing disk (69) is T-shaped, and the bearing disk (69) passes through the toothed ring (68) and is connected to the indexing disk (63).

5. The multi-station horizontal milling equipment based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables according to claim 3, characterized in that, The eccentric shaft (66) is used to drive the roller (65) to move during rotation, to compensate for the transmission gap caused by the wear of the roller (65), and to make the roller (65) fit against the convex ridge of the cam (64). The elastic element applies a preload force to the roller (65) toward the cam (64), so that the roller (65) and the ridge of the cam (64) remain in contact.

6. The multi-station horizontal milling equipment based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic element is a disc spring or a helical spring; The stiffness of the elastic element is configured such that the roller (65) with less wear bears a larger contact pressure and thus accelerates wear, while the roller (65) with more wear bears a smaller contact pressure and thus slows down wear, thereby causing the wear of each roller (65) to spontaneously tend to be consistent.

7. The multi-station horizontal milling equipment based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables according to claim 3, characterized in that, The indexing plate (63) is provided with a locking block (610), which rotates synchronously with the indexing plate (63); A first locking block (611) is provided above the locking block (610), and the first locking block (611) is used to lock the rotation of the toothed ring (68) relative to the indexing plate (63); Below the locking block (610) is a second locking block (612), which is used to lock the rotation of the indexing plate (63) relative to the mounting chamber (61).

8. The multi-station horizontal milling equipment based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables according to claim 7, characterized in that, The locking block (610) is connected to a telescopic rod (613), which is used to drive the locking block (610) to switch between locking the toothed ring (68) and locking the indexing plate (63).

9. The multi-station horizontal milling equipment based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables according to claim 8, characterized in that, The telescopic rod (613) is a hydraulic telescopic rod, and the indexing plate (63) is also provided with a controller for controlling the telescopic rod (613); When the indexing plate (63) rotates to index, the telescopic rod (613) drives the locking block (610) to lock the first locking block (611) relative to the indexing plate (63) to ensure transmission stability. When the indexing plate (63) stops processing, the telescopic rod (613) drives the locking block (610) to make the second locking block (612) abut against the mounting chamber (61) to lock the rotation of the indexing plate (63) relative to the mounting chamber (61) and resist the cutting force.

10. The multi-station horizontal milling equipment based on alternating operation of dual rotary tables according to claim 3, characterized in that, The convex ridge of the cam (64) is arranged around the outer peripheral surface of the cam (64), and the cam (64) is driven to rotate by the motor (62).

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