Automobile door ring laser welding intelligent equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of automobile door ring laser welding intelligent equipment, and more particularly to an automobile door ring laser welding intelligent equipment, which comprises a rack, a welding module, a rotating module and a plurality of clamp modules, the welding module is fixedly arranged on the rack, the welding module has a welding end capable of moving in multiple degrees of freedom, the rotating module is fixedly arranged on the rack, the rotating module has a rotating table, the clamp modules are respectively matched with the shapes of automobile door rings to be processed, and each clamp module comprises a clamp base, a moving sliding seat, an adjusting assembly, a plurality of sets of positioning units and a plurality of sets of clamping units. Through the cooperation of the welding module, the rotating module and the clamp module, the present application realizes the rapid welding of automobile door rings, improves the welding efficiency of automobile door rings, and accurately points the suction end to the welding area by arranging a negative pressure flow channel in the positioning block, thereby promoting the rapid discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure zinc vapor and metal vapor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings, and more particularly to an intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the automotive industry, galvanized steel sheets have been widely used in body manufacturing due to their excellent corrosion resistance. At the same time, high-power laser welding technology, with its significant advantages such as high welding quality, fast processing speed and non-contact flexible processing, is gradually replacing traditional resistance spot welding and becoming an important development direction for body connection technology.

[0003] However, in the actual production of automotive door rings, the boiling point of zinc on the surface of galvanized steel sheets is much lower than the melting point of steel. During zero-gap laser lap welding, a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure zinc vapor will rapidly accumulate at the lap surface. If this zinc vapor cannot be discharged in a timely and smooth manner, serious defects such as pores, porosity, and spatter will occur inside and on the surface of the weld, which will not only significantly degrade the mechanical properties of the weld but also directly threaten the safety and reliability of the vehicle body structure.

[0004] To suppress the adverse effects of zinc vapor, the industry commonly uses external negative pressure suction nozzles or exhaust hoods around the weld seam to draw the vapor away from the welding area. However, this approach has significant limitations in practical applications. The suction nozzles or hoods are usually suspended directly above the weld seam, which can easily cause spatial interference during the movement of the multi-degree-of-freedom laser welding head. This reduces the effective working space of the laser head, limits the welding path, and decreases the flexibility and adaptability of the laser welding process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to propose an intelligent laser welding equipment for automotive door rings, in order to solve the problem that in the actual production of automotive door rings, the external negative pressure suction nozzles arranged around the weld seam are prone to spatial interference during the movement of the multi-degree-of-freedom laser welding head, which compresses the effective working space of the laser head, restricts the welding path of the laser head, and reduces the flexibility of the laser welding process and the adaptability of the equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an intelligent laser welding equipment for automotive door rings, comprising:

[0007] frame;

[0008] A welding module is fixedly mounted on the frame, and the welding module has a welding end that can move with multiple degrees of freedom;

[0009] A rotating module is fixedly mounted on the frame. The rotating module has a rotating table, and the central axis of the rotating table is arranged vertically.

[0010] Several clamping modules are fixedly mounted on the rotary table. Each clamping module is matched to the shape of the car door ring to be processed. Each clamping module includes:

[0011] The fixture base is fixedly connected to the rotary table;

[0012] A movable slide block is slidably mounted vertically on the fixture base;

[0013] An adjustment component is mounted on the fixture base. The adjustment component is connected to the movable slide drive and is used to control the vertical position of the movable slide.

[0014] Several sets of positioning units are fixedly installed on the movable slide. Each positioning unit has a positioning block, and the upper end of the positioning block is provided with a positioning groove. The positioning unit is provided with a negative pressure flow channel, and one end of the negative pressure flow channel is provided with a suction end. The suction end is positioned towards the welding position of the car door ring to be processed.

[0015] Several sets of clamping units are fixedly mounted on the movable slide block. One set of positioning units is correspondingly arranged with one set of clamping units. Each clamping unit has a clamping end that can rotate and move. The clamping end is used to cooperate with the positioning groove in the vertical direction and jointly clamp the car door ring to be processed.

[0016] In an optional example, the bottom wall of the positioning groove is provided with a bottom positioning end, which is used to support the lower surface of the car door ring to be processed. The side wall of the positioning groove is provided with a side positioning end, which is used to position the side edge of the car door ring to be processed. A positioning air passage is opened in the positioning block. The suction end includes a suction groove opened on the side positioning end. The suction groove extends upward to the upper end of the positioning block. One end of the positioning air passage is connected to the suction groove, and the other end of the positioning air passage extends to the side wall of the positioning block.

[0017] In an optional example, the upper end of the fixture base has a downward-facing movable cavity extending through the width of the fixture base. The movable slide is disposed within the movable cavity. Symmetrically arranged vertical sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the movable cavity. Vertical sliders matching the shape of the vertical sliding grooves are fixed on the side walls of the movable slide. The vertical sliders are slidably inserted into the vertical sliding grooves. A fixture limiting groove is provided at the top of the vertical sliding grooves. A fixture limiting plate for limiting the movement of the vertical sliders is fixed within the fixture limiting grooves.

[0018] In an optional example, the lower end of the fixture base has a mounting cavity, the bottom of the movable slide has a movable bottom groove, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment main shaft and a driven bushing arranged vertically, the driven bushing is mounted on the bottom of the movable cavity by rotation and extends into the mounting cavity, a driven worm gear is fitted and fixed on the outer wall of the driven bushing, a drive worm is mounted in the mounting cavity by rotation, the drive worm meshes with the driven worm gear, a driven bevel gear is fitted and fixed on the rotating shaft of the drive worm, a drive motor is fixed on the fixture base, a drive bevel gear is fitted and fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor, the drive bevel gear meshes with the driven bevel gear, the adjustment main shaft is fixed to the lower end of the movable bottom groove, the upper end of the driven bushing has a threaded driven hole, and the adjustment main shaft is inserted into the threaded driven hole by a threaded connection.

[0019] In an optional example, the end of the adjusting spindle has an axially extending spindle air passage, a quick-connect gas connector is fixed in the mounting cavity, the quick-connect gas connector has a rotating quick-connect end, the rotating quick-connect end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the adjusting spindle and communicates with the spindle air passage, the upper end of the movable slide has a downward extending slide air passage, the threaded driven hole has an axially extending driven through hole, the spindle air passage, the slide air passage, the driven through hole, the positioning air passage and the quick-connect gas connector are connected and combined to form a negative pressure flow channel.

[0020] In one alternative example, a top quick connector is fixed on the movable slide, one end of which is connected to the slide air passage, and the other end of which is connected to the other end of the positioning air passage via a hose.

[0021] In one optional example, a plurality of support frames are fixed on the movable slide, and the positioning unit and the clamping unit are both fixed on the corresponding support frames. A positioning base is fixed on the support frame, and the positioning block is fixed on the positioning base.

[0022] In an optional example, the clamping unit includes a clamping bracket fixedly connected to a support frame. A rotating bracket one is rotatably connected to the clamping bracket, and a rotating bracket two is rotatably connected to the rotating bracket one. An extension arm is provided at the end of the rotating bracket two facing away from the positioning unit. A clamping telescopic cylinder is fixed to the clamping bracket, and a connecting lug is fixed to the telescopic end of the clamping telescopic cylinder. The connecting lug is rotatably connected to the extension arm. The axes of the rotating bracket one, rotating bracket two, extension arm, and connecting lug are all parallel. A clamping block is fixed at the end of the rotating bracket two facing away from the rotation axis, and the clamping end is disposed on the clamping block.

[0023] In an optional example, a movable groove is provided at the bottom of the movable cavity, and a movable through groove is provided in the movable groove to the mounting cavity. A movable bearing is inserted and fixed in the movable groove, and the driven bushing is inserted in the movable bearing. An outwardly extending flange is provided on the outer wall of the driven bushing, and a limiting ring is fitted on the outer wall of the extending flange. The limiting ring is fixed to the bottom of the movable cavity and restricts the axial movement of the limiting ring.

[0024] In an optional example, the positioning groove has a detection through hole that penetrates the positioning block along its vertical edge.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through the cooperation of the welding module, rotation module, and fixture module, rapid welding of automotive door rings is achieved, improving welding efficiency. Furthermore, by setting a negative pressure flow channel inside the positioning block to precisely point the suction end towards the welding area, a local negative pressure environment is created above the laser spot's action point, directly acting on the zinc vapor escape channel. This promotes the rapid discharge of high-temperature, high-pressure zinc vapor and metal vapor, reducing residual zinc elements in the weld area, decreasing porosity and spatter defects within the weld, and avoiding the problems of holes and cracks caused by zinc vapor blockage during zero-gap lap welding of galvanized steel plates. This results in a dense metallographic structure at the joint, and mechanical properties that meet the high strength requirements of automotive door rings. Simultaneously, the adjustable design of the moving slide and adjustment components allows the fixture module to be compatible with various automotive door ring shapes of different models. When switching models, only a preset program needs to be called to adjust the vertical and clamping positions; there is no need to replace the entire fixture set, improving the flexibility of the production line and reducing the production cost of automotive door rings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamp module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamping module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5This is an exploded view of the movable slide block in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the adjustment components in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the regulating component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamping unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Frame; 2. Welding module; 201. Welding end; 3. Rotation module; 301. Rotary table; 4. Fixture module; 5. Fixture base; 51. Moving cavity; 52. Vertical slide groove; 53. Fixture limiting groove; 54. Fixture limiting plate; 55. Mounting cavity; 56. Moving groove; 57. Moving through groove; 58. Moving bearing; 6. Moving slide; 61. Vertical slider; 62. Moving bottom groove; 63. Slide air passage; 64. Top quick connector; 65. Support frame; 7. Adjustment assembly; 71. Adjusting spindle; 711. Spindle air passage; 72. Driven bushing; 721. Threaded driven hole; 722. Driven through hole; 723. 73. Extended flange; 74. Driven worm gear; 75. Driven bevel gear; 76. Drive motor; 77. Driven bevel gear; 78. Gas quick connector; 781. Rotary quick connector end; 79. Limiting ring; 801. Positioning unit; 81. Suction end; 81. Positioning block; 811. Positioning groove; 812. Bottom positioning end; 813. Side positioning end; 814. Positioning air passage; 815. Detection through hole; 82. Positioning base; 901. Clamping unit; 91. Clamping end; 92. Clamping bracket; 93. Rotating bracket one; 94. Rotating bracket two; 95. Extending arm; 96. Clamping telescopic cylinder; 97. Connecting lug; 98. Clamping block. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0037] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0038] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent laser welding equipment for automotive door rings, comprising a frame 1, a welding module 2, a rotating module 3, and several clamping modules 4.

[0039] Frame 1 is a gantry-type or floor-standing steel frame used to support all functional modules.

[0040] The welding module 2 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The welding module 2 has a welding end 201 that can move with multiple degrees of freedom. The welding module 2 uses a six-axis industrial robot equipped with a fiber laser as the welding end 201. The welding end 201 can translate along the X, Y, and Z axes and rotate around the A and B axes to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom spatial trajectory movement.

[0041] The rotating module 3 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The rotating module 3 has a rotating table 301, the central axis of which is arranged vertically. The rotating table 301 of the rotating module 3 is driven by a motor.

[0042] Several fixture modules 4 are fixedly mounted on the rotary table 301, and each fixture module 4 is matched with the shape of the car door ring to be processed. The rotary table 301 has multiple workstations evenly distributed, and each workstation is fixedly equipped with one fixture module 4.

[0043] The fixture module 4 includes a fixture base 5, a movable slide 6, an adjustment component 7, several sets of positioning units 8, and several sets of clamping units 9.

[0044] The fixture base 5 is fixedly connected to the rotary table 301 by bolts.

[0045] The movable slide 6 is slidably mounted on the clamp base 5 in a vertical direction.

[0046] The adjusting component 7 is mounted on the fixture base 5 and is drivenly connected to the movable slide 6, controlling the vertical position of the movable slide 6. When changing to different models of automotive door ring welding production lines, the height of the movable slide 6 is controlled by the adjusting component 7, and some parts are replaced, thereby reducing the number of welding tooling and lowering the manufacturing cost of automotive door rings.

[0047] Several sets of positioning units 8 and several sets of clamping units 9 are fixedly installed on the movable slide 6, with one set of positioning units 8 and one set of clamping units 9 corresponding to each other.

[0048] The positioning unit 8 has a positioning block 81, and a positioning groove 811 is provided at the upper end of the positioning block 81. The positioning unit 8 has a negative pressure flow channel inside, and a suction end 801 is provided at one end of the negative pressure flow channel. The suction end 801 is positioned towards the welding position of the automotive door ring to be processed. The negative pressure flow channel is connected to an external negative pressure device.

[0049] The clamping unit 9 has a rotatable clamping end 91, which is used to cooperate with the positioning groove 811 in the vertical direction to jointly clamp the car door ring to be processed. In the working state, the door ring plate to be processed is first placed in the positioning groove 811 of the positioning block 81. Then the clamping unit 9 works, the clamping end 91 rotates to be directly above the positioning groove 811 and moves downward in a straight line until the plate is pressed against the support surface of the positioning groove 811, achieving complete vertical constraint. Multiple positioning units 8 and clamping unit 9 work together to ensure that the gap at the splice weld of the entire door ring is clamped.

[0050] Specifically, this example achieves rapid welding of automotive door rings through the cooperation of welding module 2, rotation module 3, and fixture module 4, improving welding efficiency. Furthermore, by setting a negative pressure flow channel inside the positioning block 81 to precisely point the suction end 801 towards the welding area, a local negative pressure environment is created above the laser spot's action point, directly acting on the zinc vapor escape channel. This promotes the rapid discharge of high-temperature, high-pressure zinc vapor and metal vapor, reducing residual zinc in the weld area, decreasing porosity and spatter defects within the weld, and avoiding the voids and cracks caused by zinc vapor blockage during zero-gap lap welding of galvanized steel sheets. This results in a dense metallographic structure and mechanical properties that meet the high strength requirements of automotive door rings. Simultaneously, the adjustable design of the movable slide 6 and adjusting component 7 allows fixture module 4 to be compatible with various automotive door ring shapes of different models. When switching models, only a preset program needs to be called to adjust the vertical and clamping positions, without replacing the entire fixture set, improving the flexibility of the production line and reducing the production cost of automotive door rings.

[0051] In an optional example, please refer to Figures 1 to 3As shown, the bottom wall of the positioning groove 811 is provided with a bottom positioning end 812, which is used to support the lower surface of the car door ring to be processed. The side wall of the positioning groove 811 is provided with a side positioning end 813, which is used to position the side edge of the car door ring to be processed. A positioning air passage 814 is provided in the positioning block 81. The suction end 801 includes a suction groove opened on the side positioning end 813. The suction groove extends upward to the upper end of the positioning block 81. One end of the positioning air passage 814 is connected to the suction groove, and the other end of the positioning air passage 814 extends to the side wall of the positioning block 81.

[0052] Specifically, in this example, the bottom positioning end 812, the side positioning end 813, the suction groove and the positioning air channel 814 are integrated into the inside of the positioning block 81. The positioning block 81 is formed by its own solid machining, eliminating the need for an external independent dust collection cover. This saves the movement space around the welding head and avoids interference and collision between the multi-degree-of-freedom laser head and external pipelines during complex trajectory movements. At the same time, because the flow channel is completely built-in and has strong sealing, the negative pressure loss along the flow path is minimal, reducing the energy consumption and noise of the exhaust system.

[0053] In an optional example, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the upper end of the fixture base 5 has a downward-facing movable cavity 51 extending through the width of the fixture base 5. The movable slide 6 is disposed in the movable cavity 51. Symmetrically arranged vertical slide grooves 52 are provided on both sides of the movable cavity 51. Vertical sliders 61 matching the shape of the vertical slide grooves 52 are fixed to the side walls of the movable slide 6 by bolt connection. The vertical sliders 61 are slidably inserted into the vertical slide grooves 52. A fixture limiting groove 53 is provided at the top of the vertical slide grooves 52. A fixture limiting plate 54 for limiting the movement of the vertical sliders 61 is fixed in the fixture limiting groove 53 by bolt connection.

[0054] Specifically, in this example, the vertical sliding grooves 52 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the moving cavity 51 cooperate with the vertical slider 61 on the moving slide block 6 to form a precision sliding pair. This provides linear constraint for the lifting and lowering of the moving slide block 6, resists the lateral load caused by the rotation of the rotary table 301 or mechanical vibration during the welding process, ensures that the positioning block 81 will not tilt or wobble when moving in the Z direction, and ensures the positional accuracy between the positioning groove 811 and the laser focus. At the same time, the clamping limit plate 54 fixedly installed at the top of the vertical sliding groove 52 forms a hard mechanical block with the slider at the extreme position, preventing the moving slide block 6 from falling out from above the moving cavity 51 and improving the safety redundancy of the equipment operation.

[0055] In an optional example, please refer to Figures 1 to 7As shown, the lower end of the fixture base 5 has a mounting cavity 55, and the bottom of the movable slide 6 has a movable bottom groove 62. The adjustment assembly 7 includes an adjustment main shaft 71 and a driven bushing 72 arranged vertically. The driven bushing 72 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the movable cavity 51 and extends into the mounting cavity 55. A driven worm gear 73 is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the driven bushing 72 by a key connection. The driven worm gear 73 is disposed in the mounting cavity 55. A drive worm 74 is rotatably mounted in the mounting cavity 55, and the drive worm 74 meshes with the driven worm gear 73. A driven bevel gear 75 is mounted on the shaft of the drive worm gear 74 via a key connection. A drive motor 76 is mounted on the fixture base 5 via bolts along the vertical direction. A drive bevel gear 77 is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 76 via a key connection. The drive bevel gear 77 meshes with the driven bevel gear 75. An adjusting spindle 71 is fixed to the lower end of the movable base groove 62 via bolts. A threaded driven hole 721 is provided at the upper end of the driven shaft sleeve 72. The adjusting spindle 71 is inserted into the threaded driven hole 721 via a threaded connection. The mounting cavity 55 is equipped with a worm bearing housing by bolt connection, and the shaft of the drive worm 74 is inserted into the worm bearing housing by bearing connection. When the drive motor 76 is working, it drives the driving bevel gear 77 and the driven bevel gear 75 in sequence to drive the drive worm 74 to rotate. The drive worm 74 then drives the driven worm wheel 73 and the driven bushing 72 to rotate together. Since the driven bushing 72 is constrained by the bearing to the bottom of the moving cavity 51, it can only rotate and cannot move axially. The adjusting spindle 71 moves up and down axially under the action of the threaded engagement, thereby pushing the moving slide 6 under the guidance of the vertical slide groove 52 to achieve precise up and down displacement.

[0056] Specifically, this example uses the self-locking structure of the driving worm 74 and the driven worm wheel 73 to stably lock the height of the moving slide 6, ensuring the stability of the fixture module 4. At the same time, the meshing of the driving bevel gear 77 and the driven bevel gear 75 realizes the torque reversal of the drive motor 76, allowing the drive motor 76 to be horizontally mounted on the side of the fixture base 5 without occupying vertical space. This reduces the overall structural height of the fixture module 4 and leaves space for the multi-station arrangement on the rotary table 301.

[0057] In an optional example, please refer to Figures 1 to 7As shown, the end of the adjusting spindle 71 has an axially extending spindle air passage 711. A quick-connect gas connector 78 is fixed in the mounting cavity 55 by bolts. The upper end of the quick-connect gas connector 78 has a rotating quick-connect end 781. The lower end of the adjusting spindle 71 is inserted into the rotating quick-connect end 781 and communicates with the spindle air passage 711. The upper end of the movable slide 6 has a downward-extending slide air passage 63. An axially extending driven through hole 722 is formed in the threaded driven hole 721. The spindle air passage 711, slide air passage 63, driven through hole 722, and positioning air passage 814 are connected to the quick-connect gas connector 78 and combine to form a negative pressure flow channel. The quick-connect gas connector 78 is connected to an external negative pressure device.

[0058] Specifically, this example integrates the negative pressure flow channel into the interior of the adjusting spindle 71, the driven bushing 72, and the movable slide 6, achieving dynamic sealed connection between the gas quick connector 78 and the adjusting spindle 71 during lifting. This eliminates the need for an external flexible hose, avoiding the problems of bending, wear, aging, or even breakage and leakage that can occur with the follower hose during repeated lifting. At the same time, the built-in air path does not occupy the external movement space of the fixture, preventing the laser welding end 201 from interfering with any pipeline during complex trajectory movements, thus improving the reliability of the fixture module 4.

[0059] In an optional example, please refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a top quick connector 64 is fixed to the movable slide 6 by bolt connection. One end of the top quick connector 64 is connected to the slide air passage 63, and the other end of the top quick connector 64 is connected to the other end of the positioning air passage 814 by hose connection.

[0060] Specifically, in this example, the positioning block 81 and the movable slide 6 are connected by a top quick connector 64 and a flexible hose, which improves the convenience of quick replacement of the positioning block 81. At the same time, due to the structure of this flexible hose, it only moves up and down with the movable slide 6 as a whole without relative bending motion, and its fatigue life is far superior to the traditional external follow-up pipeline solution, further improving the long-term reliability of the clamp module 4.

[0061] In an optional example, please refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, several support frames 65 are fixed on the movable slide 6 by bolt connection. The positioning unit 8 and the clamping unit 9 are both fixed on the corresponding support frame 65 by bolt connection. The positioning base 82 is fixed on the support frame 65 by bolt connection. The positioning block 81 is fixed on the positioning base 82 by bolt connection.

[0062] Specifically, in this example, each support frame 65 simultaneously carries a set of positioning units 8 and corresponding clamping units 9, ensuring the relative position between the positioning block 81 and the clamping end 91, reserving sufficient space for the arrangement of the bottom air pipeline and the lateral suction direction of the suction groove, and reducing the design and installation difficulty of the clamping module 4.

[0063] In an optional example, please refer to Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the clamping unit 9 includes a clamping bracket 92 fixedly connected to the support frame 65 by bolts. A rotating bracket 93 is mounted on the clamping bracket 92 by a rotating shaft. A rotating bracket 94 is mounted on the rotating bracket 93 by a rotating shaft. An extension arm 95 is provided on the end of the rotating bracket 94 facing away from the positioning unit 8. A clamping telescopic cylinder 96 is fixed to the clamping bracket 92 by bolts. A connecting lug 97 is fixed to the telescopic end of the clamping telescopic cylinder 96 by bolts. The connecting lug 97 is connected to the extension arm 95 by a rotating shaft. The axes of the rotating bracket 93, the rotating bracket 94, the extension arm 95, and the connecting lug 97 are all arranged parallel to each other. A clamping block 98 is fixed to the end of the rotating bracket 94 facing away from the rotation axis by bolts. A clamping end 91 is provided on the clamping block 98. When the clamping telescopic cylinder 96 is activated, its telescopic end extends and pushes the extension arm 95 through the connecting lug 97, causing the rotating bracket 1 93 and rotating bracket 2 94 to swing in linkage, so that the clamping block 98 is swung in from above the positioning groove 811 and moves downward until the clamping end 91 presses the upper surface of the plate tightly against the bottom positioning end 812, achieving complete vertical constraint.

[0064] Specifically, this example uses a clamping telescopic cylinder 96 to drive the multi-hinge linkage between the rotating bracket 93, the rotating bracket 94, the extension arm 95, and the connecting lug 97. This allows the clamping block 98 to move along a spatial composite curve during the clamping process, enabling large-angle avoidance swinging, facilitating the loading and unloading of the car door ring. It can also apply clamping force in a near-vertical downward direction at the clamping position, avoiding the risk of lateral slippage of the workpiece caused by the tilted force direction during clamping in traditional swing arm type clamps. At the same time, it can adapt to the complex shape of the car door ring, which is large in size, has multiple curvatures, and has spatial undulations, ensuring that the clamping point can be arranged at any spatial position on the door ring contour, thus improving the flexibility and adaptability of the clamping unit.

[0065] In an optional example, please refer to Figures 1 to 8As shown, a movable groove 56 is provided at the bottom of the movable cavity 51, and a movable through groove 57 extending through to the mounting cavity 55 is provided in the movable groove 56. A movable bearing 58 is inserted and fixed in the movable groove 56, and a driven bushing 72 is inserted in the movable bearing 58. An outwardly extending flange 723 is provided on the outer wall of the driven bushing 72, and a limiting ring 79 is fitted on the outer wall of the extending flange 723. The limiting ring 79 is fixed to the bottom of the movable cavity 51 by bolt connection and restricts the axial movement of the limiting ring 79.

[0066] Specifically, in this example, a movable groove 56 is provided at the bottom of the movable cavity 51 and a movable bearing 58 is fixed thereon, providing a precise and low-friction rotational support for the driven bushing 72. At the same time, the extended flange 723 on the outer wall of the driven bushing 72 cooperates with the limiting ring 79 fixed at the bottom of the movable cavity 51 to limit the driven bushing 72 in both directions in the axial direction, so that it can only rotate around its own axis and cannot produce vertical movement. This ensures that the driven bushing 72 can still maintain a precise rotation center when bearing the radial torque of the drive worm 74, the tangential driving force of the driven worm wheel 73 and the axial load transmitted by the adjusting spindle 71, reducing the vibration and noise of the clamping module 4 and improving the smoothness of movement and long-term repeatability of the movable slide 6.

[0067] In an optional example, please refer to Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a detection through hole 815 is vertically formed along the upper edge of the positioning groove 811, penetrating the positioning block 81. The detection through hole 815 is used to allow external detection elements, such as photoelectric sensors, proximity switches, or vision inspection probes, to extend into or be aligned with the positioning block 81 from below or above.

[0068] Specifically, this example uses the detection through-hole 815 in conjunction with an external detection element to detect in real time whether the workpiece is accurately placed in the positioning slot 811 and whether the workpiece is in position, thus ensuring the stability of the laser welding intelligent equipment.

[0069] In summary, this invention achieves rapid welding of automotive door rings through the cooperation of welding module 2, rotation module 3, and fixture module 4, improving welding efficiency. Furthermore, by setting a negative pressure flow channel inside the positioning block 81 to precisely point the suction end 801 towards the welding area, a local negative pressure environment is created above the laser spot's point of action, directly acting on the zinc vapor escape channel. This promotes the rapid discharge of high-temperature, high-pressure zinc vapor and metal vapor, reducing residual zinc in the weld area, decreasing porosity and spatter defects within the weld, and avoiding the problems of holes and cracks caused by zinc vapor blockage during zero-gap lap welding of galvanized steel sheets. This results in a dense metallographic structure and mechanical properties that meet the high strength requirements of automotive door rings. Simultaneously, by integrating the bottom positioning end 812, side positioning end 813, suction groove, and positioning air channel 814 inside the positioning block 81, and utilizing the positioning block 81 itself for solid machining, no additional external dust collection cover is required, saving space around the welding head and preventing interference and collisions between the multi-degree-of-freedom laser head and external pipelines during complex trajectory movements.

[0070] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention is limited to these examples; within the framework of the invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A smart laser welding equipment for automotive door rings, characterized in that, include: Rack (1); Welding module (2) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1), and the welding module (2) has a welding end (201) that can move with multiple degrees of freedom; A rotating module (3) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1). The rotating module (3) has a rotating table (301), and the central axis of the rotating table (301) is arranged vertically. Several clamping modules (4) are fixedly mounted on the rotary table (301). Each clamping module (4) is matched with the shape of the car door ring to be processed. Each clamping module (4) includes: The fixture base (5) is fixedly connected to the rotary table (301); The movable slide (6) is slidably mounted on the fixture base (5) in a vertical direction; An adjustment component (7) is installed on the fixture base (5). The adjustment component (7) is driven to connect with the movable slide (6) and is used to control the vertical position of the movable slide (6). Several sets of positioning units (8) are fixedly installed on the movable slide (6). Each positioning unit (8) has a positioning block (81). The upper end of the positioning block (81) is provided with a positioning groove (811). The positioning unit (8) is provided with a negative pressure flow channel. One end of the negative pressure flow channel is provided with a suction end (801). The suction end (801) is positioned towards the welding position of the car door ring to be processed. Several sets of clamping units (9) are fixedly installed on the movable slide (6). A set of positioning units (8) is correspondingly installed with a set of clamping units (9). The clamping unit (9) has a clamping end (91) that can rotate and move. The clamping end (91) is used to cooperate with the positioning groove (811) in the vertical direction and jointly clamp the car door ring to be processed.

2. The intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the positioning groove (811) is provided with a bottom positioning end (812), which is used to support the lower surface of the car door ring to be processed. The side wall of the positioning groove (811) is provided with a side positioning end (813), which is used to position the side edge of the car door ring to be processed. The positioning block (81) is provided with a positioning air passage (814). The suction end (801) includes a suction groove opened on the side positioning end (813). The suction groove extends upward to the upper end of the positioning block (81). One end of the positioning air passage (814) is connected to the suction groove, and the other end of the positioning air passage (814) extends to the side wall of the positioning block (81).

3. The intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of the clamp base (5) has a downward-facing movable cavity (51) extending through the width of the clamp base (5). The movable slide (6) is disposed in the movable cavity (51). The movable cavity (51) has symmetrically arranged vertical slide grooves (52) on both sides. The side wall of the movable slide (6) is fixed with a vertical slider (61) that matches the shape of the vertical slide groove (52). The vertical slider (61) is slidably inserted into the vertical slide groove (52). The top of the vertical slide groove (52) has a clamp limiting groove (53). The clamp limiting groove (53) has a clamp limiting plate (54) fixed in it to limit the movement of the vertical slider (61).

4. The intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower end of the clamp base (5) is provided with a mounting cavity (55), and the bottom of the movable slide (6) is provided with a movable bottom groove (62). The adjustment assembly (7) includes an adjustment main shaft (71) and a driven bushing (72) arranged vertically. The driven bushing (72) is mounted on the bottom of the movable cavity (51) by rotation and extends into the mounting cavity (55). A driven worm gear (73) is fitted and fixed on the outer wall of the driven bushing (72). A drive worm (74) is mounted in the mounting cavity (55) by rotation. The drive worm (74) and the driven worm gear (73) meshing, a driven bevel gear (75) is fixedly mounted on the shaft of the drive worm (74), a drive motor (76) is fixed on the fixture base (5), a drive bevel gear (77) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor (76), the drive bevel gear (77) meshes with the driven bevel gear (75), the adjusting spindle (71) is fixed at the lower end of the movable bottom groove (62), the upper end of the driven bushing (72) is provided with a threaded driven hole (721), and the adjusting spindle (71) is inserted into the threaded driven hole (721) by a threaded connection.

5. The intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end of the adjusting spindle (71) is provided with a spindle air passage (711) that penetrates the adjusting spindle (71) along the axial direction. A gas quick connector (78) is fixed in the mounting cavity (55). A rotary quick connector (781) is provided on the gas quick connector (78). The rotary quick connector (781) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the adjusting spindle (71) and communicates with the spindle air passage (711). A slide air passage (63) that penetrates downward is provided at the upper end of the movable slide (6). A driven through hole (722) that penetrates along the axial direction is provided in the threaded driven hole (721). The spindle air passage (711), slide air passage (63), driven through hole (722), positioning air passage (814) and gas quick connector (78) are connected and combined to form a negative pressure flow channel.

6. The intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings according to claim 5, characterized in that, A top quick connector (64) is fixed on the movable slide (6). One end of the top quick connector (64) is connected to the slide air passage (63), and the other end of the top quick connector (64) is connected to the other end of the positioning air passage (814) through a hose.

7. The intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The movable slide (6) is fixed with several support frames (65), the positioning unit (8) and the clamping unit (9) are both fixed on the corresponding support frames (65), the support frame (65) is fixed with a positioning base (82), and the positioning block (81) is fixed on the positioning base (82).

8. The intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings according to claim 7, characterized in that, The clamping unit (9) includes a clamping bracket (92) fixedly connected to the support frame (65). A rotating bracket (93) is mounted on the clamping bracket (92) by means of rotational connection. A rotating bracket (94) is mounted on the rotating bracket (93) by means of rotational connection. An extension arm (95) is provided on the rotating bracket (94) at one end facing away from the positioning unit (8). A clamping telescopic cylinder (96) is fixed on the clamping bracket (92). A connecting lug (97) is fixed on the telescopic end of the clamping telescopic cylinder (96). The connecting lug (97) is connected to the extension arm (95) by means of rotation. The axes of the rotating bracket (93), the rotating bracket (94), the extension arm (95), and the connecting lug (97) are all arranged parallel to each other. A clamping block (98) is fixed on the rotating bracket (94) at one end facing away from the rotation axis. The clamping end (91) is provided on the clamping block (98).

9. The intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the movable cavity (51) is provided with a movable groove (56), and a movable through groove (57) extending to the mounting cavity (55) is provided in the movable groove (56). A movable bearing (58) is inserted and fixed in the movable groove (56). The driven bushing (72) is inserted in the movable bearing (58). An outwardly extending flange (723) is provided on the outer wall of the driven bushing (72). A limiting ring (79) is fitted on the outer wall of the extending flange (723). The limiting ring (79) is fixed to the bottom of the movable cavity (51) and restricts the axial movement of the limiting ring (79).

10. The intelligent equipment for laser welding of automotive door rings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning groove (811) has a vertically extending detection through hole (815) that penetrates the positioning block (81).

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