Laser-arc hybrid heat source welding device and welding method

Abstract

The application discloses a laser electric arc composite heat source welding device and a welding method, and belongs to the composite heat source welding field. The laser electric arc composite heat source welding device comprises a bottom plate, a welding table installed above the bottom plate, and a laser welding assembly fixedly connected through a mechanical arm, a side wall of the laser welding assembly is provided with an adjusting frame, an electric arc welding assembly is slidably connected in the adjusting frame, and the electric arc welding assembly is located on one side of the laser welding assembly. The application can adjust the position for adsorption according to the size of welding smoke, can guarantee that the welding protective gas is not sucked away under the premise of guaranteeing the best smoke adsorption effect, thereby avoiding the problem that the dust suction element is too close to the protective gas and is easy to suck away the protective gas, further improves the welding work quality, and can suck away the heat emitted from the surface of the electric arc welding assembly under the injection of the liquid in the cooling mechanism, thereby achieving the cooling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite heat source welding technology, and in particular to a laser-arc composite heat source welding device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser-arc hybrid welding combines two heat sources, laser and electric arc, to achieve greater weld penetration and a more efficient, high-quality welding process. It also utilizes the characteristics of both laser and electric arc to overcome the shortcomings of laser welding and electric arc welding.

[0003] Existing laser-arc hybrid welding generates fumes during the welding process. These fumes are typically collected by a vacuum cleaner connected to a negative pressure fan. The vacuum cleaner is then installed on the surface of the arc welding assembly. To achieve the best adsorption effect, the vacuum cleaner is often installed at the end of the arc welding assembly. However, because the vacuum cleaner is too close to the end of the arc welding assembly, it will suck away the protective gas of the arc welding, further reducing the quality of the welding work. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art by proposing a laser-arc composite heat source welding device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A laser-arc hybrid heat source welding device includes a base plate and a welding table mounted directly above the base plate. It also includes: a laser welding assembly fixedly connected via a robotic arm; an adjustment frame mounted on the side wall of the laser welding assembly; an arc welding assembly slidably connected inside the adjustment frame; the arc welding assembly located on one side of the laser welding assembly; a dust-collecting mechanism sleeved and mounted on the surface of the arc welding assembly for adsorbing welding fumes; and a cooling mechanism installed inside the dust-collecting mechanism, used to automatically extend the dust-collecting mechanism closer to the end of the arc welding assembly when liquid is injected inside the dust-collecting mechanism, causing the end of the arc welding assembly to absorb heat and cool down.

[0007] Preferably, the dust collection mechanism includes a fixed collar mounted on the surface of the arc welding assembly, a telescopic tube fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed collar, a dust collection component mounted on the other end of the telescopic tube, the dust collection component being sleeved on the surface of the adjusting frame, and a negative pressure pipe fixedly connected to one side of the fixed collar.

[0008] Preferably, the cooling mechanism includes a hollow cylinder disposed at the top of the fixing collar, a hollow rod slidably connected inside the hollow cylinder, and a connecting channel opened inside the dust collection component, the connecting channel being connected to the end of the hollow rod.

[0009] Preferably, the dust collection component has a cooling annular channel inside, and the cooling annular channel is connected to the connecting channel.

[0010] Preferably, a pressurizing mechanism is fixedly connected to the end of the hollow rod, and the pressurizing mechanism is used to decelerate the liquid inside the hollow rod.

[0011] Preferably, the booster mechanism includes a connecting housing fixed to the surface of the hollow rod, a drive shaft rotatably connected to the surface of the connecting housing via a bearing, a turbine fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft, and the turbine located inside the connecting housing.

[0012] Preferably, a booster fan is fixedly connected to the other end of the drive shaft, and the booster fan is located on the side wall of the adjustment frame without contacting it.

[0013] Preferably, a hollow piston block is fixedly connected to the end of the hollow rod, and the hollow piston block slides inside the hollow cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a return spring is installed between the fixing collar and the dust collection component, and the return spring is sleeved on the surface of the adjusting frame and the cooling mechanism.

[0015] A welding method using a laser-arc composite heat source mainly includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Adjusting the position: First, place the workpiece to be welded on the welding table. Then, use a robotic arm to move the laser welding assembly, adjustment frame, and arc welding assembly to the welding start point of the workpiece. At the same time, adjust the arc welding assembly on the adjustment frame to adjust the angle between the laser welding assembly and the adjustment frame, so that the heat source points of the arc welding assembly and the laser welding assembly are basically located at the welding start point. Then, start the laser welding assembly and the arc welding assembly to weld the workpiece. At the same time, the robotic arm can move the laser welding assembly and the arc welding assembly to increase the welding range.

[0017] S2. Dust Collection: When laser welding components and arc welding components weld workpieces, fumes are generated. At this time, the dust collection mechanism set on the surface of the arc welding component is connected to an external negative pressure device through a negative pressure pipe. The external negative pressure device generates an adsorption force on the fixed collar, telescopic tube, and the inside of the dust collection component. Since the dust collection component is fitted on the surface of the arc welding component, it can adsorb and treat the fumes generated by the arc welding component, thereby preventing the fumes from spreading and polluting the surrounding environment. At the same time, since the dust collection component is far away from the end of the arc welding component, it can ensure the best dust collection effect while ensuring that the welding shielding gas is not sucked away, thus ensuring the welding quality.

[0018] S3. Heat absorption and cooling: During the dust collection process, the dust generated by the laser welding assembly and the arc welding assembly is not constant. When the dust collection mechanism is far from the end of the arc welding assembly, the adsorption effect is poor. At this time, liquid is injected into the cooling mechanism. The liquid injection causes the cooling mechanism to extend. During the extension of the cooling mechanism, the dust collection component moves and moves to the end of the arc welding assembly, thus better adsorbing the dust. At the same time, the liquid injection inside the cooling mechanism can absorb and dissipate the heat emitted from the surface of the arc welding assembly, thereby cooling the surface of the cooling mechanism.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a laser-arc composite heat source welding device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. This laser-arc composite heat source welding device, through the cooperation of a fixed collar, telescopic tube, dust collection component, and negative pressure pipe, can be fitted onto the surface of the arc welding assembly and extend and retract. This design allows for adjustment of the position for adsorption based on the size of the welding fumes, ensuring optimal dust removal while preventing the shielding gas from being sucked away. This avoids the problem of the dust collection component being too close and easily sucking away the shielding gas, further improving the quality of welding work.

[0021] 2. This laser-arc composite heat source welding device, through the cooperation of the hollow cylinder, hollow rod, connecting channel and cooling annular channel, drives the dust collection component to extend and move down to the end of the arc welding assembly, thereby better adsorbing the fumes. At the same time, with the injection of liquid inside the cooling mechanism, the heat emitted from the surface of the arc welding assembly can be absorbed and discharged, thus achieving a cooling effect.

[0022] 3. This laser-arc composite heat source welding device, through the cooperation of the connecting shell, drive shaft, turbine, and booster fan, can generate an upward adsorption force under liquid flow. This design improves adsorption efficiency when there is a lot of smoke and dust, prevents the problem of the dust collection efficiency not being able to be adjusted in time, and further improves the operability of welding.

[0023] The parts not covered in this device are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. This invention can adjust the position for adsorption according to the size of the welding fumes, ensuring the best dust removal effect while preventing the protective gas from being sucked away. This avoids the problem of the dust collector being too close and easily sucking away the protective gas, further improving the quality of welding work. At the same time, with the injection of liquid inside the cooling mechanism, the heat emitted from the surface of the arc welding components can be absorbed and discharged, thereby achieving a cooling effect. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser-arc composite heat source welding device proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the laser welding assembly and arc welding assembly of a laser-arc composite heat source welding device proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the dust collection mechanism of a laser-arc composite heat source welding device proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the dust collection mechanism of a laser-arc composite heat source welding device. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure of a laser-arc composite heat source welding device proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This invention proposes a laser-arc composite heat source welding device. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 7 This invention proposes a laser-arc composite heat source welding device. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the retracted structure of the dust collection mechanism of a laser-arc composite heat source welding device proposed in this invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Welding table; 3. Laser welding assembly; 4. Adjustment frame; 5. Arc welding assembly; 6. Dust collection mechanism; 61. Fixing collar; 62. Telescopic tube; 63. Dust collection component; 64. Negative pressure connection pipe; 65. Return spring; 7. Cooling mechanism; 71. Hollow cylinder; 72. Hollow rod; 721. Hollow piston block; 73. Connecting channel; 74. Cooling annular channel; 8. Pressurization mechanism; 81. Connecting housing; 82. Drive shaft; 83. Turbine; 84. Pressurization fan. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0035] In one implementation, refer to Figures 1-8 A laser-arc composite heat source welding device includes a base plate 1 and a welding table 2 installed directly above the base plate 1. It also includes: a laser welding assembly 3 fixedly connected via a robotic arm; an adjustment frame 4 installed on the side wall of the laser welding assembly 3; an arc welding assembly 5 slidably connected inside the adjustment frame 4; the arc welding assembly 5 located on one side of the laser welding assembly 3; a dust-collecting mechanism 6 sleeved and installed on the surface of the arc welding assembly 5, used to absorb welding fumes; a cooling mechanism 7 installed inside the dust-collecting mechanism 6, used to automatically extend the dust-collecting mechanism 6 closer to the end of the arc welding assembly 5 when liquid is injected inside, allowing the end of the arc welding assembly 5 to absorb heat and cool down; and a pressurizing mechanism 8 fixedly connected to the end of a hollow rod 72, used to decelerate the liquid inside the hollow rod 72.

[0036] In practice, the workpiece to be welded is first placed on the welding table 2. Then, the robotic arm on the base plate 1 moves the laser welding assembly 3, the adjustment frame 4, and the arc welding assembly 5 to the welding starting point of the workpiece. Simultaneously, the arc welding assembly 5 is adjusted on the adjustment frame 4 to adjust the angle between the laser welding assembly 3 and the adjustment frame 4, ensuring that the heat source points of the arc welding assembly 5 and the laser welding assembly 3 are approximately located at the welding starting point. Then, the laser welding assembly 3 and the arc welding assembly 5 are activated to weld the workpiece. The robotic arm's displacement of the laser welding assembly 3 and the arc welding assembly 5 increases the welding range. When the laser welding assembly 3 and the arc welding assembly 5 weld the workpiece, they will generate fumes. At this time, a dust collection mechanism 6 is set on the surface of the arc welding assembly 5. The dust collection mechanism 6 is connected to an external negative pressure device. The external negative pressure device generates an adsorption force inside the dust collection mechanism 6. Since the dust collection mechanism 6 is fitted on the surface of the arc welding assembly 5, it can adsorb and treat the fumes generated by the arc welding assembly 5, thereby preventing the fumes from spreading and polluting the surrounding environment. At the same time, since the dust collection mechanism 6 is far away from the end of the arc welding assembly 5, it can ensure the best dust removal effect while ensuring that the welding shielding gas is not sucked away, thus ensuring the welding quality.

[0037] In one implementation, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The dust collection mechanism 6 includes a fixed collar 61 installed on the surface of the arc welding assembly 5. A telescopic tube 62 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed collar 61. A dust collection component 63 is installed at the other end of the telescopic tube 62. The dust collection component 63 is sleeved on the surface of the adjusting frame 4. A negative pressure pipe 64 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed collar 61. A return spring 65 is installed between the fixed collar 61 and the dust collection component 63. The return spring 65 is sleeved on the surface of the adjusting frame 4 and the cooling mechanism 7.

[0038] With this solution, the dust extraction mechanism 6 is located far from the end of the arc welding assembly 5, ensuring optimal dust extraction while preventing the shielding gas from being drawn away, thus guaranteeing welding quality.

[0039] In practice, the fixing collar 61 is fixed to the upper surface of the arc welding assembly 5. Then, the telescopic tube 62 is used to connect the fixing collar 61 and the dust suction component 63, so that the dust suction component 63 is fitted onto the surface of the arc welding assembly 5. With the fixing collar 61, telescopic tube 62 and dust suction component 63 all fitted onto the surface of the arc welding assembly 5, a sealed channel can be formed between them. When the negative pressure pipe 64 is connected to an external negative pressure device, an adsorption force can be generated inside the sealed channel, thereby better adsorbing and treating the welding fumes. With the setting of the return spring 65, the fixing collar 61 and the dust suction component 63 can be brought closer together, thereby retracting the telescopic tube 62. The extension and retraction of the telescopic tube 62 can change the position of the connecting channel 73 and the end of the arc welding assembly 5. With the dust suction component 63 moving away, the optimal dust removal effect is ensured while ensuring that the welding shielding gas is not sucked away, thus ensuring the welding quality.

[0040] In addition, the telescopic tube 62 can be a metal corrugated tube to avoid the problem of being burned by excessively high temperature of the smoke and dust, and the surfaces of other fixing collars 61 and dust collection parts 63 can be coated with high temperature resistant coating.

[0041] In one implementation, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The cooling mechanism 7 includes a hollow cylinder 71 disposed on the top of the fixed collar 61. A hollow rod 72 is slidably connected inside the hollow cylinder 71. A connecting channel 73 is opened inside the dust collection component 63, which is connected to the end of the hollow rod 72. A cooling annular channel 74 is opened inside the dust collection component 63, which is connected to the connecting channel 73. A hollow piston block 721 is fixedly connected to the end of the hollow rod 72, and the hollow piston block 721 slides inside the hollow cylinder 71.

[0042] With this design, the two cooling mechanisms 7 can be used to inject liquid, while the other can discharge the injected liquid, thus creating a liquid circulation inside the suction unit 63. This liquid circulation helps absorb heat from the surface of the arc welding assembly 5, reducing the surface heat and preventing poor welding due to excessive heat. The cooling annular channel 74 further facilitates the connection between the two channels 73. Interconnected, the injected liquid can be discharged through another connection channel 73 to form a circulation to absorb and cool the surface heat of the arc welding assembly 5. With the setting of the hollow piston block 721, when the high-pressure liquid is injected into the hollow cylinder 71, it first pushes the hollow piston block 721 to move. Since the hollow piston block 721 is fixed above the hollow rod 72, it first pushes the hollow rod 72 to move. At the same time, some of the liquid inside the hollow cylinder 71 will flow through the hollow rod 72 to facilitate the flow of liquid.

[0043] In practice, the top of the hollow cylinder 71 is connected to an external liquid injection device, and another hollow cylinder 71 is connected to a pipeline. When the liquid injection device injects high-pressure liquid into the hollow cylinder 71, the high-pressure liquid inside the hollow cylinder 71 will push the hollow rod 72 to move. Due to the displacement of the hollow rod 72, the dust suction component 63 can be extended and brought closer to the end of the arc welding assembly 5. At the same time, the liquid inside the hollow rod 72 will also flow into the connecting channel 73. Since the connecting channel 73 is opened inside the dust suction component 63, and the dust suction component 63 is sleeved on the outer surface of the arc welding assembly 5, it can absorb the heat generated by the arc welding assembly 5, thereby cooling the end surface of the arc welding assembly 5.

[0044] In addition, this circulating high-pressure liquid can also adsorb heat from the flue gas, thereby reducing the temperature of the flue gas.

[0045] In one implementation, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 A pressurizing mechanism 8 is fixedly connected to the end of the hollow rod 72. The pressurizing mechanism 8 is used to decelerate the liquid inside the hollow rod 72. The pressurizing mechanism 8 includes a connecting housing 81 fixed to the surface of the hollow rod 72. A drive shaft 82 is rotatably connected to the surface of the connecting housing 81 through a bearing. A turbine 83 is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft 82. The turbine 83 is located inside the connecting housing 81. A booster fan 84 is fixedly connected to the other end of the drive shaft 82. The booster fan 84 is located on the side wall of the adjusting frame 4 and does not contact it.

[0046] By adopting this scheme, the pressure boosting mechanism 8 can slow down the flow of high-pressure liquid, thereby extending the flow time and allowing for better heat adsorption.

[0047] In actual operation, since the connecting housing 81 is fixed to the end of the hollow rod 72, when the liquid enters the hollow rod 72, it will flow into the interior of the connecting housing 81. At this time, the liquid will impact and drive the turbine 83 connected to the transmission shaft 82 inside the connecting housing 81. Since the high-pressure liquid will encounter resistance when it impacts the surface of the turbine 83, the turbine 83 can decelerate the high-pressure liquid. The decelerated liquid can enter the interior of the connecting channel 73 better. During the flow of the decelerated liquid inside the connecting channel 73, the surface of the arc welding assembly 5 can be better treated by heat absorption and cooling.

[0048] In addition, during the rotation of the drive shaft 82, the booster fan 84 can be driven to rotate simultaneously. Under the rotation of the booster fan 84, the dust at the bottom of the dust collection component 63 can be adsorbed and guided upwards. Thus, during the adsorption of dust, the dust can be guided and adsorbed in an auxiliary manner, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency of dust.

[0049] To clarify, the two sets of booster fans 84 are configured in opposite directions. When the two drive shafts 82 are driven, the two booster fans 84 rotate synchronously. The rotation of the two booster fans 84 can guide the dust at the bottom upwards, preventing interference caused by the different flow directions of the two liquids.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser-arc composite heat source welding device, comprising a base plate (1) and a welding table (2) mounted directly above the base plate (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A laser welding assembly (3) is fixedly connected by a robotic arm. An adjustment frame (4) is installed on the side wall of the laser welding assembly (3). An arc welding assembly (5) is slidably connected inside the adjustment frame (4). The arc welding assembly (5) is located on one side of the laser welding assembly (3). A dust collection mechanism (6) is installed on the surface of the arc welding assembly (5) to absorb the fumes generated during welding. The cooling mechanism (7) is installed inside the dust collection mechanism (6) to automatically extend the dust collection mechanism (6) close to the end of the arc welding assembly (5) when liquid is injected into the dust collection mechanism (6), and to allow the end of the arc welding assembly (5) to absorb heat and cool down.

2. The laser-arc composite heat source welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection mechanism (6) includes a fixed collar (61) installed on the surface of the arc welding assembly (5). A telescopic tube (62) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed collar (61). A dust collection component (63) is installed at the other end of the telescopic tube (62). The dust collection component (63) is sleeved on the surface of the adjusting frame (4). A negative pressure pipe (64) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed collar (61).

3. The laser-arc composite heat source welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling mechanism (7) includes a hollow cylinder (71) set on the top of the fixed collar (61), a hollow rod (72) is slidably connected inside the hollow cylinder (71), and a connecting channel (73) is opened inside the dust suction component (63), the connecting channel (73) is connected to the end of the hollow rod (72).

4. The laser-arc composite heat source welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection component (63) has a cooling annular channel (74) inside, which is connected to the connecting channel (73).

5. The laser-arc composite heat source welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A pressurizing mechanism (8) is fixedly connected to the end of the hollow rod (72), and the pressurizing mechanism (8) is used to decelerate the liquid inside the hollow rod (72).

6. The laser-arc composite heat source welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The boosting mechanism (8) includes a connecting housing (81) fixed to the surface of the hollow rod (72). A drive shaft (82) is rotatably connected to the surface of the connecting housing (81) via a bearing. A turbine (83) is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft (82). The turbine (83) is located inside the connecting housing (81).

7. The laser-arc composite heat source welding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The other end of the drive shaft (82) is fixedly connected to a booster fan (84), which is located on the side wall of the adjustment frame (4) and does not contact it.

8. The laser-arc composite heat source welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A hollow piston block (721) is fixedly connected to the end of the hollow rod (72), and the hollow piston block (721) slides inside the hollow cylinder (71).

9. The laser-arc composite heat source welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A return spring (65) is installed between the fixing collar (61) and the dust collection component (63), and the return spring (65) is sleeved on the surface of the adjusting frame (4) and the cooling mechanism (7).

10. A welding method using a laser-arc composite heat source, comprising the laser-arc composite heat source welding apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The main steps include: S1. Adjusting the position: First, place the workpiece to be welded on the welding table (2). Then, use the robotic arm to move the laser welding assembly (3), the adjustment frame (4), and the arc welding assembly (5) to the welding start point of the workpiece. At the same time, adjust the arc welding assembly (5) on the adjustment frame (4) to adjust the angle between the laser welding assembly (3) and the adjustment frame (4) so ​​that the heat source points of the arc welding assembly (5) and the laser welding assembly (3) are basically located at the welding start point. Then, start the laser welding assembly (3) and the arc welding assembly (5) to weld the workpiece. At the same time, use the robotic arm to move the laser welding assembly (3) and the arc welding assembly (5) to increase the welding range. S2. Dust collection: When the laser welding assembly (3) and the arc welding assembly (5) are welding the workpiece, dust will be generated. At this time, the dust collection mechanism (6) on the surface of the arc welding assembly (5) is set up and connected to the external negative pressure device through the negative pressure pipe (64). The external negative pressure device generates an adsorption force on the fixed collar (61), the telescopic pipe (62) and the dust collection part (63). Since the dust collection part (63) is sleeved on the surface of the arc welding assembly (5), it can adsorb the dust generated by the arc welding assembly (5) to avoid the dust from spreading everywhere and polluting the surrounding environment. At the same time, since the dust collection part (63) is far away from the end of the arc welding assembly (5), it can ensure the best dust collection effect while ensuring that the welding shielding gas is not sucked away, thus ensuring the welding quality. S3. Heat absorption and cooling: During the process of dust absorption by the dust absorption mechanism (6), the dust generated by the laser welding assembly (3) and the arc welding assembly (5) during the welding of the workpiece is not constant. When the dust absorption mechanism (6) is far away from the end of the arc welding assembly (5), the absorption effect is not good. At this time, liquid is injected into the cooling mechanism (7). The liquid injection causes the cooling mechanism (7) to extend. During the extension of the cooling mechanism (7), the dust absorption component (63) will move. The dust absorption component (63) will be located at the end of the arc welding assembly (5) under the movement, so that the dust can be better absorbed. At the same time, the liquid injection inside the cooling mechanism (7) can absorb and release the heat emitted from the surface of the arc welding assembly (5), so as to perform surface cooling treatment on the surface of the cooling mechanism (7).

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