Numerical control laser lathe for metal cutting machining

Abstract

The application discloses a numerical control laser lathe for metal cutting processing and relates to the technical field of metal cutting processing.The numerical control laser lathe comprises a processing lathe, a side plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the processing lathe, a top plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the side plate, a first electric cylinder is fixedly installed at the upper end surface of the top plate, a connecting rod is arranged at the lower end of the first electric cylinder, a numerical control controller is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, a bottom plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the numerical control controller, and the whole processing process of the application is in a sealed space; high-temperature metal dust and toxic smoke generated in the cutting process cannot be diffused outward and are all enclosed in the equipment; dust and smoke are naturally settled to the lower collecting box 25 along with airflow, centralized solid waste and smoke dust are collected, harmful waste gas and metal dust are prevented from being scattered to the workshop, the respiratory tract of an operator is protected, metal dust occupational disease risks are eliminated, and fire hazards caused by high-temperature sparks overflowing are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal cutting and processing technology, specifically to a CNC laser lathe for metal cutting and processing. Background Technology

[0002] After years of development, CNC laser metal cutting lathes have achieved automated CNC cutting operations. During the CNC laser cutting of metal sheets, the high-energy laser melting of metal continuously generates toxic fumes, metal dust, and high-temperature molten metal waste. Most existing conventional laser cutting equipment has an open processing chamber without a fully enclosed barrier structure. The toxic and harmful fumes and metal dust generated during processing can easily diffuse directly into the workshop environment. Long-term operation can harm the respiratory health of operators and also poses a safety hazard of workshop fire caused by the spillage of high-temperature sparks. Conventional external dust removal fans can only achieve large-scale workshop ventilation and cannot seal off pollutants at the source of cutting, resulting in poor dust and smoke removal effects.

[0003] Therefore, this invention proposes a CNC laser lathe for metal cutting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a CNC laser lathe for metal cutting to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a CNC laser lathe for metal cutting, comprising a machining lathe, a side plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the machining lathe, a top plate fixedly installed on the upper end of the side plate, a first electric cylinder fixedly installed on the upper surface of the top plate, a connecting rod provided at the lower end of the first electric cylinder, a CNC controller fixedly connected at the lower end of the connecting rod, a base plate fixedly installed at the bottom of the CNC controller, a protective box provided at the center of the bottom of the CNC controller, a laser fixedly installed at the center of the protective box, a laser emitting head provided at the bottom of the laser, a focusing lens installed at the bottom of the laser emitting head, and the laser emitting head facing a metal plate; Preferably, the upper surface of the machining lathe is symmetrically and fixedly connected to a collimator, a fixed plate is fixedly installed on one side between the two collimators, and a movable plate is slidably connected on the other side between the two collimators. Supporting strips are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the fixed plate and the movable plate. The metal plate is placed on the two support strips. The machining lathe has an inner cavity. A material outlet is opened at the top of the inner surface of the inner cavity of the machining lathe. A collection box is placed inside the inner cavity of the machining lathe. A box door is movably connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the machining lathe.

[0006] Preferably, a second electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the machining lathe, and a control rod is fixedly installed on the second electric cylinder. The control rod extends through into the machining lathe and is slidably connected to the machining lathe. A fixed rod is movably connected to one end of the control rod that extends into the machining lathe. The upper end of the fixed rod extends through the material passage and is slidably connected to the material passage. The end of the fixed rod that extends out of the material passage is fixedly connected to a moving plate.

[0007] Preferably, the control rod and the fixed rod are movably connected in such a way that the control rod extends through the fixed rod and is slidably connected to the fixed rod. A vertical plate is fixedly connected to one end of the control rod extending through the fixed rod. A first spring is sleeved on the control rod. One end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the vertical plate, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the fixed rod. The upper end of the vertical plate extends through the material outlet and is slidably connected to the material outlet. A horizontal rod is fixedly connected to one end of the vertical plate extending through the material outlet. A T-shaped piston cavity is opened in the moving plate. A T-shaped piston rod is slidably connected in the T-shaped piston cavity. The horizontal rod extends through the T-shaped piston cavity and is slidably sealed to the T-shaped piston cavity. One end of the horizontal rod extending into the T-shaped piston cavity is fixedly connected to the lower end of the T-shaped piston rod. A pressure control cavity is connected to one side of the upper surface of the T-shaped piston cavity. The pressure control cavity is opened in the moving plate. Multiple adsorption holes are linearly and equally spaced on one side of the upper surface of the pressure control cavity. The bottom of the adsorption hole away from the pressure control cavity corresponds to the upper surface of the bearing strip.

[0008] Preferably, a guide slide rod is fixedly connected to each of the four corners of the upper surface of the base plate. The upper end of the guide slide rod extends through the top plate and is slidably connected to the top plate. A limit strip is fixedly connected to one end of the guide slide rod extending out of the top plate.

[0009] Preferably, a baffle is covered on both the fixed plate and the movable plate. A control frame is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the baffle. A T-shaped laser tube is slidably connected to the upper surface of the inner surface of the control frame. A second spring is sleeved on the T-shaped laser tube. The second spring is located inside the control frame. A central hole is opened in the center of the baffle. The body of the T-shaped laser tube extends through the central hole and is connected to the central hole.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the protective box is fixedly connected with multiple limiting blocks, and the upper surface of the T-shaped laser tube is provided with multiple limiting holes. The limiting blocks extend into the limiting holes and are slidably connected with the limiting holes.

[0011] Preferably, a rectangular cavity is formed on the upper surface of the T-shaped laser tube, and an air vent is formed on one side of the rectangular cavity. Multiple air ducts extend through and are fixedly connected to the protective box. The lower end of each air duct corresponds to the rectangular cavity, and a fan is fixedly installed on the upper end of the air duct. The fan is located inside the CNC controller.

[0012] Preferably, a spiral air guide is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner surface of the T-shaped piston cavity. The spiral air guide includes a spiral blade and an air guide tube. The spiral blade is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air guide tube, and the outer wall of the spiral blade is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped piston cavity. Microholes are densely arranged on the spiral blade. The laser emitting head extends into the air guide tube and is slidably connected to the air guide tube. A flow equalization ring is provided at the lower end of the spiral air guide. Multiple coarse holes are evenly spaced on the outer ring of the flow equalization ring, and multiple fine holes are evenly spaced on the inner ring of the flow equalization ring. The flow equalization ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped piston cavity. A grid tube is provided below the flow equalization ring. The grid tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped piston cavity, and the grid tube is composed of multiple grids forming an annular cylindrical shape.

[0013] Preferably, both the fixed plate and the movable plate are provided with sealing grooves, and flexible sealing gaskets are sealed and connected in the sealing grooves. A flexible rubber pad layer is provided on the upper surface of the aligning plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, the measuring instrument first measures the size of the metal plate, then the second electric cylinder is activated. The second electric cylinder drives the control rod to move, and the control rod drives the moving plate to move through the fixed rod, so that the distance between the fixed plate and the moving plate gradually decreases. When the distance is slightly larger than that of the metal plate, the second electric cylinder stops moving and places the metal plate on two support bars. The design of the support bars makes the metal plate suspended. When the metal plate is laser-cut, it can be laser-cut through the metal plate to prevent the laser from penetrating or damaging the table below, and it also facilitates the falling of molten metal waste generated after laser cutting of the metal plate. This invention activates the second electric cylinder, causing the control rod to continue moving. As the control rod moves, it moves the movable plate until it is in contact with the metal plate. At this point, the suction hole is blocked and in contact with the side wall of the metal plate. The control rod continues to move, and the movable plate is fixed in place by the metal plate. The control rod continues to move against the elastic force of the first spring, and the vertical plate follows the control rod. The vertical plate moves via the T-shaped piston rod connected to the horizontal rod. The T-shaped piston rod moves within the T-shaped piston chamber, causing the pressure inside the pressure control chamber to decrease while the external atmospheric pressure remains unchanged. This results in the metal plate being firmly adsorbed through the suction hole, preventing the metal plate from self-adsorbing during CNC laser cutting. The metal plate is mechanically fixed to the side wall by a single second electric cylinder, and the metal plate is also fixed by a negative pressure adsorption. The first spring buffer can effectively prevent the metal plate from being over-limited and deformed. The negative pressure is generated synchronously with the feed of the second electric cylinder, and the adsorption force is stronger as the pressing stroke is larger. No additional vacuum pump or complex air circuit control is required, which simplifies the equipment structure, reduces the failure rate and consumable costs, and can firmly lock the metal plate. It can effectively avoid the problem of plate vibration and displacement during CNC laser cutting, stabilize the processing dimensional accuracy, reduce workpiece scrap, and improve continuous processing capacity and equipment life. The present invention, after fixing the metal plate, starts the first electric cylinder, which drives the CNC controller and the base plate to move downward. The laser, protective box and laser emitter below the CNC controller move downward. The limiting block at the bottom of the protective box moves downward and finally extends into the limiting hole, thereby limiting the T-shaped laser tube where the limiting hole is located, so as to prevent the T-shaped laser tube from rotating. In this invention, sensors are installed at the bottom of both the limiting hole and the limiting block. When the limiting block extends into the bottom of the limiting hole, the sensors at the bottom of the limiting hole and the limiting block come into contact and transmit the signal to the CNC controller. At this time, the CNC controller starts and, according to a preset program algorithm, works in conjunction with the first electric cylinder and the stroke displacement device within the CNC controller to make the laser emit laser light through the focusing lens at the bottom of the laser emitter head. The laser light then performs CNC laser cutting at different depths at different positions on the metal plate. In other words, the sensors at the bottom of the limiting block and the limiting hole only send a start signal to the CNC controller when the two sensors are fully in contact, thus forming an interlocking trigger logic. This avoids the equipment from accidentally starting to cut when the first electric cylinder is not in the correct position or the limiting block is not locked, eliminating the risk of equipment collision and workpiece scrap. The automated control is safer and more reliable. After the sensor feedback signal, the CNC controller works in conjunction with the first electric cylinder and the built-in stroke displacement device to precisely control the laser's downward distance and laser output parameters, enabling layered cutting of the metal plate at different points and depths. This adapts to diverse processing requirements and makes the equipment more versatile. In this invention, when performing CNC laser cutting at different depths at different positions on a metal plate using a laser, the laser emitter head is always located inside the T-shaped laser tube. When the laser emitter head moves horizontally, it drives the baffle to move horizontally as well, so that the baffle is always located at the upper end of the closed area formed by two collimating plates, a fixed plate, and a moving plate. The area of ​​the baffle is much larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​this closed area to ensure that the baffle will cover this closed area no matter how it moves, so as to prevent toxic fumes, dust, high-temperature metal fragments, etc. generated inside the metal plate from spreading outward during processing, avoiding the leakage of harmful pollutants that pollute the workshop environment and endanger the respiratory health of operators, thereby increasing safety. The present invention, through the design of flexible sealing gaskets and flexible rubber pads, ensures that the contact between the baffle and the enclosed space remains sealed when the baffle moves, thereby achieving a better leak-proof effect. In this invention, when the laser emitter head follows the first electric cylinder to perform vertical lifting and lowering processing, the second spring provides a continuous elastic preload force to limit and constrain the laser emitter head inside the T-shaped laser tube. Even if the first electric cylinder has feed overshoot, equipment vibration, or slight tolerances in workpiece thickness, it can always hold the laser emitter head in place, preventing the laser emitter head from detaching from the T-shaped laser tube when moving up and down, preventing optical path deviation, laser misalignment of the workpiece, and avoiding the risk of cutting scrap and equipment collision damage. At the same time, during the laser cutting process, the machine tool experiences high-speed movement, start-stop impact, and cutting vibration. The second spring uses its own elasticity to buffer and absorb shock, weakening the vertical impact force, reducing the direct transmission of vibration to precision optical components such as the laser and focusing lens, reducing the probability of lens displacement, lens loosening, and laser module damage, extending the service life of the precision components of the laser emitter head, and reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance. In this invention, after the metal plate is fixed, the lower end of the air duct corresponds to the rectangular cavity. When the fan is started, the fan sends air through the air duct into the rectangular cavity and into the T-shaped laser tube through the air vent on the rectangular cavity. This continuously removes the heat generated by the laser emitter, thereby cooling the surface of the laser emitter to prevent high-temperature damage to the components inside the laser emitter. This avoids long-term high-temperature aging and burnout of precision components such as focusing lenses and laser modules on the laser emitter, extends the service life of the core components of the laser emitter, and reduces equipment maintenance and replacement costs. The air ejected from the T-shaped laser tube can simultaneously blow away molten metal debris and cutting waste during the processing of the metal plate, preventing metal residue from adhering to the surface of the metal plate and causing cutting defects. At the same time, it avoids the accumulation of waste to block the laser beam path, ensuring stable laser energy output and continuously guaranteeing the surface finish of the cut. In this invention, after entering the T-shaped laser tube, the air first passes through a spiral air guide. The spiral blades of the spiral air guide have micropores, which guide the airflow downwards in a spiral motion. The micropores on the spiral blades divert some of the airflow, dispersing the concentrated airflow and preventing problems such as excessive local wind speeds or no wind in certain areas. This ensures a preliminary, even distribution of airflow within the T-shaped laser tube, preventing uneven heating and cooling of the internal components of the laser emitter. The air then enters a flow equalization ring. The flow equalization ring has a coarse-perforated outer ring and a fine-perforated inner ring, resulting in a large airflow volume on the outer ring and a gentler airflow on the inner ring. The airflow is balanced by a gentle breeze, which corrects the airflow direction, eliminates airflow eddies and dead zones, and helps to form a circular air curtain. This helps to better block the focusing lens of the laser emitter from high-temperature metal dust and other contaminants. Finally, the air is sprayed downward through the grid tube, forming a ring-shaped air curtain with a uniform flow rate. This air curtain provides all-round coverage and cleaning of the processing point, resulting in a more complete cooling range and chip removal coverage. The air curtain is highly stable and will not have airflow deviation or cleaning dead zones. It combines the dual effects of all-area heat dissipation of the laser emitter and all-round slag removal of the metal plate. In this invention, the guide slide rod guides the CNC controller and the laser and laser emitter below it to prevent them from deviating, ensuring that the laser emitter always remains perpendicular and coaxial with the metal plate below, and that the laser spot landing point is stable. This effectively prevents skewing and dimensional deviations, improving laser cutting accuracy. The limit bar prevents the CNC controller from moving beyond its limits, thus preventing the guide slide rod from moving off the top plate. The limit bar is a hard limiter, which restricts the maximum downward and upward movement of the CNC controller, preventing movement beyond the limit when the first electric cylinder's program malfunctions or parameter settings are incorrect. This also prevents the guide slide rod from completely detaching from the top plate, avoiding the entire laser processing equipment from falling or being damaged by impacts. This provides safety protection from a mechanical structure perspective, avoiding major equipment damage and safety accidents. In this invention, the entire processing is conducted within a sealed area. Metal scraps generated from the metal plate fall under their own weight and the blowing action of the airflow, passing through the feed port into the collection box below. They do not accumulate on the metal plate, thus preventing scrap accumulation from causing laser focal length shift and uneven cutting depth. At the same time, it prevents high-temperature iron filings from scratching or damaging the metal plate to be processed, stabilizing the cutting accuracy and the appearance quality of the finished product. Furthermore, since the scraps are uniformly collected in the collection box, there is no need for frequent manual wiping and cleaning of the processing table. Only the collection box needs to be emptied periodically, which greatly reduces the auxiliary time for downtime cleaning and improves the continuous processing efficiency of the equipment. In this invention, the entire processing is carried out in a sealed space, preventing the high-temperature metal dust and toxic fumes generated during cutting from spreading outward and keeping them completely enclosed inside the equipment. The dust and fumes naturally settle into the collection box below with the airflow, achieving centralized collection of solid waste and dust, preventing harmful exhaust gases and metal dust from drifting into the workshop, protecting the respiratory tract of operators, eliminating the risk of occupational diseases caused by metal dust, and avoiding the fire hazard caused by the overflow of high-temperature sparks. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an overall sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an external view of the protective box of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an external view of the machining lathe of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an external view of the spiral air guide component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the control frame of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the machining lathe of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0016] In the picture: 1. Machining lathe; 11. Side plate; 12. Top plate; 13. First electric cylinder; 14. CNC controller; 15. Base plate; 16. Protective box; 17. Laser; 18. Laser emitter; 19. Metal plate; 2. Collimation plate; 21. Fixed plate; 22. Moving plate; 23. Bearing bar; 24. Material inlet; 25. Collection box; 26. Box door; 3. Second electric cylinder; 31. Control lever; 32. Fixed lever; 4. Vertical plate; 4 1. First spring; 42. Crossbar; 43. T-shaped piston chamber; 44. T-shaped piston rod; 45. Pressure control chamber; 46. Adsorption hole; 6. Baffle; 61. Control frame; 62. T-shaped laser tube; 63. Second spring; 7. Limiting block; 71. Limiting hole; 8. Air duct; 81. Rectangular cavity; 82. Air outlet; 9. Spiral air guide; 91. Flow equalization ring; 92. Grid tube; 100. Sealing groove; 101. Flexible sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: A CNC laser lathe for metal cutting includes a machining lathe 1. A side plate 11 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the machining lathe 1. A top plate 12 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the side plate 11. A first electric cylinder 13 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the top plate 12. A connecting rod is provided at the lower end of the first electric cylinder 13. A CNC controller 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod. A base plate 15 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the CNC controller 14. A protective box 16 is provided at the center of the bottom of the CNC controller 14. A laser 17 is fixedly installed at the center of the protective box 16. A laser emitting head 18 is provided at the bottom of the laser 17. A focusing lens is installed at the bottom of the laser emitting head 18. The laser emitting head 18 faces a metal plate 19.

[0019] As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the upper end face of the machining lathe 1 is symmetrically and fixedly connected with a collimating plate 2, a fixed plate 21 is fixedly installed on one side between the two collimating plates 2, and a movable plate 22 is slidably connected on the other side between the two collimating plates 2. The fixed plate 21 and the movable plate 22 are both fixedly connected with support strips 23 on opposite sides. The metal plate 19 is placed on the two support strips 23. The machining lathe 1 has an inner cavity. The top of the inner surface of the inner cavity of the machining lathe 1 has a feed port 24. A collection box 25 is placed in the inner cavity of the machining lathe 1. A box door 26 is movably connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the machining lathe 1.

[0020] A second electric cylinder 3 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the machining lathe 1. A control rod 31 is fixedly installed on the second electric cylinder 3. The control rod 31 extends through into the machining lathe 1 and is slidably connected to the machining lathe 1. A fixed rod 32 is movably connected to one end of the control rod 31 that extends into the machining lathe 1. The upper end of the fixed rod 32 extends through the material passage 24 and is slidably connected to the material passage 24. One end of the fixed rod 32 that extends out of the material passage 24 is fixedly connected to the moving plate 22.

[0021] During operation, the dimensions of the metal plate 19 are measured using a measuring instrument. Then, the second electric cylinder 3 is activated. The operation of the second electric cylinder 3 drives the control rod 31 to move. The control rod 31 drives the moving plate 22 to move through the fixed rod 32, so that the distance between the fixed plate 21 and the moving plate 22 gradually decreases. When the distance is slightly larger than that of the metal plate 19, the second electric cylinder 3 stops moving and places the metal plate 19 on the two support bars 23. The design of the support bars 23 makes the metal plate 19 suspended. When laser cutting the metal plate 19, the metal plate 19 is cut through, etc., to prevent the laser from penetrating or damaging the table below. It also facilitates the falling of molten metal waste generated after laser cutting the metal plate 19. In the above, the slightly larger distance is the interval, the storage width of the metal plate 19 is L, the distance a between the moving plate 22 and the fixed plate 21 is a, the width of a single bearing strip 23 is b, and its slightly larger distance X is... ; In the above, the control lever 31 moves, and under the elastic force of the first spring 41, the control lever 31 drives the vertical plate 4, the moving plate 22 and other structures to move as a whole.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the control rod 31 and the fixed rod 32 are movably connected such that the control rod 31 extends through and slides through the fixed rod 32. A vertical plate 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the control rod 31 extending through the fixed rod 32. A first spring 41 is sleeved on the control rod 31, with one end fixedly connected to the vertical plate 4 and the other end fixedly connected to the fixed rod 32. The upper end of the vertical plate 4 extends through and slides through the material outlet 24. A horizontal rod 42 is fixedly connected to one end of the vertical plate 4 extending through the material outlet 24. A T-shaped piston cavity 43 is provided inside the movable plate 22. A T-shaped piston rod 44 is slidably connected inside the T-shaped piston cavity 43. A crossbar 42 extends through the T-shaped piston cavity 43 and is slidably and sealed with the T-shaped piston cavity 43. One end of the crossbar 42 extending into the T-shaped piston cavity 43 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the T-shaped piston rod 44. A pressure control cavity 45 is connected to one side of the upper end face of the T-shaped piston cavity 43. The pressure control cavity 45 is provided inside the movable plate 22. A plurality of adsorption holes 46 are provided linearly and equally spaced on one side of the upper end face of the pressure control cavity 45. The bottom of the adsorption hole 46 away from the pressure control cavity 45 corresponds to the upper end face of the bearing strip 23.

[0023] During operation, after placing the metal plate 19, the second electric cylinder 3 is activated, and the control lever 31 continues to move. As the control lever 31 continues to move, it moves the moving plate 22 until it is in contact with the metal plate 19. At this point, the suction hole 46 is blocked and in contact with the side wall of the metal plate 19. The control lever 31 continues to move, and the moving plate 22 is fixed in place by the metal plate 19. The control lever 31 continues to move against the elastic force of the first spring 41, and the vertical plate 4 moves with the control lever 31. The vertical plate 4 moves through the T-shaped piston rod 44 connected by the horizontal rod 42. The T-shaped piston rod 44 moves in the T-shaped piston chamber 43, which reduces the pressure in the pressure control chamber 45 while the external atmospheric pressure remains unchanged. This results in the metal plate 19 being firmly adsorbed through the suction hole 46. 9. To prevent the metal plate 19 from shifting during CNC laser cutting, a single second electric cylinder 3 is used to achieve dual fixation of the metal plate 19 by mechanically limiting the side wall and generating negative pressure for adsorption. The first spring 41 buffers the metal plate 19 and effectively prevents it from being excessively limited and deformed. The negative pressure is generated synchronously with the feed of the second electric cylinder 3, and the adsorption force is stronger as the pressing stroke is larger. No additional vacuum pump or complex air circuit control is required, which simplifies the equipment structure, reduces the failure rate and consumable costs, and can firmly lock the metal plate 19, effectively avoiding the problem of plate vibration and displacement during CNC laser cutting, stabilizing the processing dimensional accuracy, reducing workpiece scrap, and improving continuous processing capacity and equipment lifespan through integrated linkage.

[0024] As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, a guide slide rod is fixedly connected to each of the four corners of the upper surface of the base plate 15. The upper end of the guide slide rod extends through the top plate 12 and is slidably connected to the top plate 12. A limit strip is fixedly connected to one end of the guide slide rod extending out of the top plate 12.

[0025] During operation, the guide slide rod guides the CNC controller 14 and the laser 17 and laser emitter 18 below it to prevent them from deviating. This ensures that the laser emitter 18 remains perpendicular and coaxial with the metal plate 19 below, and the laser spot is stable. This effectively prevents skewing and dimensional deviations, thus improving laser cutting accuracy. The limit bar prevents the CNC controller 14 from moving beyond its limits, which could cause the guide slide rod to move out of the top plate 12. The limit bar is a hard limiter, which restricts the maximum downward and upward movement of the CNC controller 14. This prevents the first electric cylinder 13 from moving beyond its limits due to program malfunction or parameter setting errors. It also prevents the guide slide rod from completely detaching from the top plate 12, avoiding the entire laser processing equipment from falling or being damaged by impact. This provides safety protection from a mechanical structure perspective, preventing major equipment damage and safety accidents. The entire processing is carried out in a sealed area. Metal scrap generated by the metal plate 19 falls into the collection box 25 below through the feed port 24 under the action of its own weight and the blowing action of the airflow. It will not accumulate on the metal plate 19, thus avoiding the accumulation of scrap on the metal plate 19, which may cause laser focal length deviation and uneven cutting depth. At the same time, it prevents high-temperature iron filings from scratching or damaging the metal plate 19 to be processed, thus stabilizing the cutting accuracy and the appearance quality of the finished product. On the other hand, the scrap is uniformly collected in the collection box 25, eliminating the need for frequent manual wiping and cleaning of the processing table. Only the collection box 25 needs to be emptied periodically, which greatly reduces the auxiliary time for downtime cleaning and improves the continuous processing efficiency of the equipment. The entire processing is carried out in a sealed space, preventing the high-temperature metal dust and toxic fumes generated during cutting from spreading outwards and keeping them completely enclosed inside the equipment. The dust and fumes naturally settle into the collection box 25 below with the airflow, achieving centralized collection of solid waste and dust, preventing harmful waste gases and metal dust from drifting into the workshop, protecting the respiratory tract of operators, eliminating the risk of occupational diseases caused by metal dust, and avoiding the fire hazard caused by the overflow of high-temperature sparks.

[0026] As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, a baffle 6 is commonly covered on the fixed plate 21 and the movable plate 22. A control frame 61 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the baffle 6. A T-shaped laser tube 62 is slidably connected to the upper end of the inner surface of the control frame 61. A second spring 63 is sleeved on the T-shaped laser tube 62. The second spring 63 is located inside the control frame 61. A central hole is opened in the center of the baffle 6. The cylinder of the T-shaped laser tube 62 extends through the central hole and is connected to the central hole.

[0027] During operation, when the laser emitter 18 follows the first electric cylinder 13 in vertical lifting and lowering processing, the second spring 63 provides a continuous elastic preload, limiting and constraining the laser emitter 18 inside the T-shaped laser tube 62. Even if the first electric cylinder 13 has overshoot, equipment vibration, or slight tolerances in workpiece thickness, it can always hold the laser emitter 18 in place, preventing the laser emitter 18 from detaching from the T-shaped laser tube 62 when moving up and down, preventing optical path deviation, laser misalignment of the workpiece, and avoiding the risk of cutting scrap and equipment collision damage. At the same time, during the laser cutting process, the machine tool experiences high-speed movement, start-stop impact, and cutting vibration. The second spring 63 uses its own elasticity to buffer and absorb shock, weakening the vertical impact force and reducing the direct transmission of vibration to precision optical components such as the laser 17 and focusing lens. This reduces the probability of lens displacement, lens loosening, and laser module damage, extends the service life of the precision components of the laser emitter 18, and reduces the frequency of equipment maintenance.

[0028] As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the bottom of the protective box 16 is fixedly connected with a plurality of limiting blocks 7, and the upper end face of the T-shaped laser tube 62 is provided with a plurality of limiting holes 71. The limiting blocks 7 extend into the limiting holes 71 and are slidably connected with the limiting holes 71.

[0029] During operation, after the metal plate 19 is fixed, the first electric cylinder 13 is started. The start of the first electric cylinder 13 drives the CNC controller 14 and the base plate 15 to move downward. The laser 17, the protective box 16 and the laser emitter 18 below the CNC controller 14 move downward. The limiting block 7 at the bottom of the protective box 16 moves downward and finally extends into the limiting hole 71, thereby limiting the T-shaped laser tube 62 where the limiting hole 71 is located, so as to prevent the T-shaped laser tube 62 from rotating. Sensors are installed at the bottom of both the limiting hole 71 and the limiting block 7. When the limiting block 7 extends into the bottom of the limiting hole 71, the sensors at the bottom of the limiting hole 71 and the limiting block 7 come into contact and transmit the signal to the CNC controller 14. At this time, the CNC controller 14 starts and, according to the preset program algorithm, works in conjunction with the first electric cylinder 13 and the stroke displacement device within the CNC controller 14 to cause the laser 17 to emit laser light through the focusing lens at the bottom of the laser emitting head 18. The laser light then performs CNC laser cutting at different depths at different positions on the metal plate 19. In other words, the limiting block 7 and the bottom of the limiting hole 71 are equipped with sensors. The device only sends a start signal to the CNC controller 14 when the two sensors are fully in contact, thus forming an interlocking trigger logic. This avoids the device from accidentally starting to cut when the first electric cylinder 13 is not in the correct position or the limit switch is not locked, eliminating the risk of equipment collision and workpiece scrap. The automated control is safer and more reliable. After the sensor feedback signal, the CNC controller 14 works in conjunction with the first electric cylinder 13 and the built-in stroke displacement device to precisely control the downward distance of the laser 17 and the laser output parameters, so as to realize layered cutting of metal plate 19 at different points and depths, adapting to diverse processing requirements and making the equipment more versatile. When performing CNC laser cutting at different depths at different positions on the metal plate 19, the laser emitter 18 is always located inside the T-shaped laser tube 62. When the laser emitter 18 moves horizontally, it drives the baffle 6 to move horizontally as well. This ensures that the baffle 6 is always located at the upper end of the closed area formed by the two collimating plates 2, the fixed plate 21, and the moving plate 22. The area of ​​the baffle 6 is much larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​this closed area to ensure that the baffle 6 will cover this closed area no matter how it moves. This prevents toxic fumes, dust, high-temperature metal fragments, etc. generated inside the metal plate 19 from spreading outward during processing, thus avoiding the leakage of harmful pollutants that could contaminate the workshop environment and harm the respiratory health of operators, thereby increasing safety.

[0030] As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, a rectangular cavity 81 is provided on the upper surface of the T-shaped laser tube 62, and an air vent 82 is provided on one side of the rectangular cavity 81. Multiple air ducts 8 extend through and are fixedly connected to the protective box 16. The lower end of the air duct 8 corresponds to the rectangular cavity 81, and a fan is fixedly installed on the upper end of the air duct 8. The fan is located in the CNC controller 14.

[0031] During operation, after the metal plate 19 is fixed in place, the lower end of the air duct 8 corresponds to the rectangular cavity 81. The fan is started, and the fan sends air through the air duct 8 into the rectangular cavity 81. The air then enters the cylinder of the T-shaped laser tube 62 through the air outlet 82 on the rectangular cavity 81, thereby continuously removing the heat generated by the laser emitter head 18 and cooling the surface of the laser emitter head 18. This prevents high-temperature damage to the components inside the laser emitter head 18, avoids long-term high-temperature aging and burnout of precision components such as the focusing lens and laser module on the laser emitter head 18, extends the service life of the core components of the laser emitter head 18, and reduces equipment maintenance and replacement costs. The air ejected from the T-shaped laser tube 62 can simultaneously clean the processing area while processing the metal plate 19, promptly blowing away molten metal debris and cutting waste, preventing metal residue from adhering to the surface of the metal plate 19 and causing cutting defects. At the same time, it avoids the accumulation of waste and blockage of the laser beam path, ensuring stable laser energy output and continuously guaranteeing the surface finish of the cut.

[0032] As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, a spiral air guide 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner surface of the T-shaped piston cavity 43. The spiral air guide 9 includes a spiral blade and an air guide tube. The spiral blade is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air guide tube, and the outer wall of the spiral blade is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped piston cavity 43. Microholes are densely opened on the spiral blade. The laser emitting head 18 extends into the air guide tube and is slidably connected to the air guide tube. A flow equalization ring 91 is provided at the lower end of the spiral air guide 9. A plurality of coarse holes are opened at equal intervals on the outer ring of the flow equalization ring 91, and a plurality of fine holes are opened at equal intervals on the inner ring of the flow equalization ring 91. The flow equalization ring 91 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped piston cavity 43. A grid tube 92 is provided below the flow equalization ring 91. The grid tube 92 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped piston cavity 43, and the grid tube 92 is composed of a plurality of grids forming an annular cylindrical shape.

[0033] During operation, after entering the T-shaped laser tube 62, the air first passes through the spiral air guide 9. The spiral blades of the spiral air guide 9 have micropores, which guide the airflow downwards in a spiral motion. The micropores on the spiral blades divert some of the airflow, dispersing the concentrated airflow and preventing problems such as excessive local wind speed or no wind in some areas. This ensures a preliminary uniform distribution of airflow within the T-shaped laser tube 62, preventing uneven heating and cooling of the internal components of the laser emitter head 18. Then, the air enters the flow equalization ring 91. The flow equalization ring 91 has a coarse-perforated outer ring and a fine-perforated inner ring, allowing for a large volume of airflow around the outer ring of the flow equalization ring 91. The gentle inner ring of airflow balances the airflow velocity, corrects the airflow direction, eliminates airflow eddies and dead zones, and helps to form a circular air curtain. This effectively blocks high-temperature metal dust and other contaminants from adhering to the focusing lens on the laser emitter 18. Finally, the airflow is sprayed downwards through the grid tube 92, forming a uniformly oriented annular air curtain that comprehensively surrounds and blows away the processing point. This results in a more complete cooling range and chip removal coverage. The air curtain is highly stable and will not experience airflow deviation or dead zones. It combines the dual effects of all-area heat dissipation of the laser emitter 18 and all-area slag removal of the metal plate 19.

[0034] As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, both the fixed plate 21 and the movable plate 22 are provided with sealing grooves 100, and a flexible sealing gasket 101 is sealed and connected in the sealing groove 100. A flexible rubber pad layer is provided on the upper end surface of the aligning plate 2.

[0035] During operation, the design of the flexible sealing gasket 101 and the flexible rubber pad layer ensures that the contact between the baffle 6 and the enclosed space remains sealed when the baffle 6 moves, thus achieving a better leak-proof effect.

[0036] Working principle: The dimensions of the metal plate 19 are measured by a measuring instrument, and then the second electric cylinder 3 is activated. The second electric cylinder 3 drives the control rod 31 to move. The control rod 31 drives the moving plate 22 to move through the fixed rod 32, so that the distance between the fixed plate 21 and the moving plate 22 gradually decreases. When the distance is slightly larger than that of the metal plate 19, the second electric cylinder 3 stops moving and places the metal plate 19 on the two support bars 23. The design of the support bars 23 makes the metal plate 19 suspended. When laser cutting the metal plate 19, the metal plate 19 is cut through, etc., to prevent the laser from penetrating or damaging the table below. It also facilitates the falling of molten metal waste generated after laser cutting the metal plate 19. In the above, the slightly larger distance is the interval, the storage width of the metal plate 19 is L, the distance a between the moving plate 22 and the fixed plate 21 is a, the width of a single bearing strip 23 is b, and its slightly larger distance X is... ; In the above, when the control lever 31 moves, under the elastic force of the first spring 41, the control lever 31 drives the vertical plate 4, the moving plate 22 and other structures to move as a whole. After the metal plate 19 is placed, the second electric cylinder 3 is activated, and the control lever 31 continues to move. As the control lever 31 continues to move, it moves the moving plate 22 until it is in contact with the metal plate 19. At this point, the suction hole 46 is blocked and in contact with the side wall of the metal plate 19. The control lever 31 continues to move, and the moving plate 22 is fixed in place by the metal plate 19. The control lever 31 continues to move against the elastic force of the first spring 41, and the vertical plate 4 moves with the control lever 31. The vertical plate 4 moves through the T-shaped piston rod 44 connected by the horizontal rod 42. The T-shaped piston rod 44 moves in the T-shaped piston chamber 43, which reduces the pressure in the pressure control chamber 45 while the external atmospheric pressure remains unchanged. This results in the metal plate 19 being firmly adsorbed through the suction hole 46. To prevent the metal plate 19 from shifting during CNC laser cutting, a single second electric cylinder 3 is used to achieve dual fixation of the metal plate 19 by mechanically limiting the side wall and generating negative pressure for adsorption. The first spring 41 buffers the metal plate 19 and effectively prevents it from being excessively limited and deformed. The negative pressure is generated synchronously with the feed of the second electric cylinder 3, and the adsorption force is stronger as the pressing stroke is larger. No additional vacuum pump or complex air circuit control is required, which simplifies the equipment structure, reduces the failure rate and consumable costs, and can firmly lock the metal plate 19, effectively avoiding the problem of plate vibration and displacement during CNC laser cutting, stabilizing the processing dimensional accuracy, reducing workpiece scrap, and improving continuous processing capacity and equipment lifespan through integrated linkage. After the metal plate 19 is fixed, the first electric cylinder 13 is started. The start of the first electric cylinder 13 drives the CNC controller 14 and the base plate 15 to move downward. The laser 17, the protective box 16 and the laser emitter 18 below the CNC controller 14 move downward. The limiting block 7 at the bottom of the protective box 16 moves downward and finally extends into the limiting hole 71, thereby limiting the T-shaped laser tube 62 where the limiting hole 71 is located, so as to prevent the T-shaped laser tube 62 from rotating. Sensors are installed at the bottom of both the limiting hole 71 and the limiting block 7. When the limiting block 7 extends into the bottom of the limiting hole 71, the sensors at the bottom of the limiting hole 71 and the limiting block 7 come into contact and transmit the signal to the CNC controller 14. At this time, the CNC controller 14 starts and, according to the preset program algorithm, works in conjunction with the first electric cylinder 13 and the stroke displacement device within the CNC controller 14 to cause the laser 17 to emit laser light through the focusing lens at the bottom of the laser emitting head 18. The laser light then performs CNC laser cutting at different depths at different positions on the metal plate 19. In other words, the limiting block 7 and the bottom of the limiting hole 71 are equipped with sensors. The device only sends a start signal to the CNC controller 14 when the two sensors are fully in contact, thus forming an interlocking trigger logic. This avoids the device from accidentally starting to cut when the first electric cylinder 13 is not in the correct position or the limit switch is not locked, eliminating the risk of equipment collision and workpiece scrap. The automated control is safer and more reliable. After the sensor feedback signal, the CNC controller 14 works in conjunction with the first electric cylinder 13 and the built-in stroke displacement device to precisely control the downward distance of the laser 17 and the laser output parameters, so as to realize layered cutting of metal plate 19 at different points and depths, adapting to diverse processing requirements and making the equipment more versatile. When performing CNC laser cutting at different depths at different positions on the metal plate 19, the laser emitter 18 is always located inside the T-shaped laser tube 62. When the laser emitter 18 moves horizontally, it drives the baffle 6 to move horizontally, so that the baffle 6 is always located at the upper end of the closed area formed by the two collimating plates 2, the fixed plate 21 and the moving plate 22. The area of ​​the baffle 6 is much larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​this closed area, so as to ensure that the baffle 6 will cover this closed area no matter how it moves, so as to prevent the toxic fumes, dust, high-temperature metal fragments, etc. generated inside the metal plate 19 from spreading outward during processing, avoiding the leakage of harmful pollutants that pollute the workshop environment and endanger the respiratory health of operators, thereby increasing safety. The design of the flexible sealing gasket 101 and the flexible rubber pad layer ensures that the contact between the baffle 6 and the enclosed space remains sealed when the baffle 6 moves, thus achieving a better leak-proof effect. When the laser emitter 18 follows the first electric cylinder 13 to perform vertical lifting and lowering processing, the second spring 63 provides a continuous elastic preload force to limit and constrain the laser emitter 18 inside the T-shaped laser tube 62. Even if the first electric cylinder 13 has feed overshoot, equipment vibration, or slight tolerance in workpiece thickness, it can always hold the laser emitter 18 in place, preventing the laser emitter 18 from detaching from the T-shaped laser tube 62 when moving up and down, preventing optical path deviation, laser misalignment of the workpiece, and avoiding the risk of cutting scrap and equipment collision damage. At the same time, during the laser cutting process, the machine tool experiences high-speed movement, start-stop impact, and cutting vibration. The second spring 63 uses its own elasticity to buffer and absorb shock, weakening the vertical impact force and reducing the direct transmission of vibration to the laser 17, focusing lens, and other precision optical components. This reduces the probability of lens displacement, lens loosening, and laser module damage, extends the service life of the precision components of the laser emitter 18, and reduces the frequency of equipment maintenance. After the metal plate 19 is fixed, the lower end of the air duct 8 corresponds to the rectangular cavity 81. The fan is started, and the fan sends air through the air duct 8 into the rectangular cavity 81. The air then enters the T-shaped laser tube 62 through the air outlet 82 on the rectangular cavity 81, thereby continuously removing the heat generated by the laser emitter 18 and cooling the surface of the laser emitter 18. This prevents high-temperature damage to the components inside the laser emitter 18, avoids long-term high-temperature aging and burnout of precision components such as the focusing lens and laser module on the laser emitter 18, extends the service life of the core components of the laser emitter 18, and reduces equipment maintenance and replacement costs. The air ejected from the T-shaped laser tube 62 can simultaneously clean the processing area while processing the metal plate 19, promptly blowing away molten metal debris and cutting waste, preventing metal residue from adhering to the surface of the metal plate 19 and causing cutting defects. At the same time, it avoids the accumulation of waste to block the laser beam path, ensuring stable laser energy output and continuously guaranteeing the surface finish of the cut. After entering the T-shaped laser tube 62, the air first passes through the spiral air guide 9. The spiral blades of the spiral air guide 9 have micropores, which guide the airflow downwards in a spiral motion. The micropores on the spiral blades divert some of the airflow, dispersing the concentrated airflow and preventing problems such as excessive local wind speed or no wind in some areas. This ensures a preliminary uniform distribution of airflow within the T-shaped laser tube 62, preventing uneven heating and cooling of the internal components of the laser emitter head 18. The air then enters the flow equalization ring 91. The flow equalization ring 91 has a coarse-perforated outer ring and a fine-perforated inner ring, allowing for a large airflow on the outer ring and a smaller airflow on the inner ring. A gentle breeze, with secondary equalization of airflow velocity, corrects airflow direction, eliminates airflow eddies and dead angles, and facilitates the formation of a circular air curtain. This provides a better effect in blocking high-temperature metal dust and other contaminants from adhering to the focusing lens on the laser emitter 18. Finally, the air is sprayed downwards through the grid tube 92, ultimately forming a ring-shaped air curtain with uniform flow velocity. This provides all-round coverage and cleaning of the processing point, resulting in a more complete cooling range and chip removal coverage. The air curtain is highly stable and will not have airflow deviation or cleaning dead angles. It combines the dual effects of all-area heat dissipation of the laser emitter 18 and all-round slag removal of the metal plate 19. The guide slide rod guides the CNC controller 14 and the laser 17 and laser emitter 18 below it to prevent them from deviating. This ensures that the laser emitter 18 is always perpendicular and coaxial with the metal plate 19 below, and that the laser spot is stable. This effectively prevents skewing and dimensional deviations, and improves the precision of laser cutting. The limit bar prevents the CNC controller 14 from moving beyond its limit, which could cause the guide slide rod to move out of the top plate 12. The limit bar is a hard limiter, which can limit the maximum downward and upward movement of the CNC controller 14. This prevents the movement from exceeding the limit when the program of the first electric cylinder 13 is out of control or the parameter setting is incorrect. It also prevents the guide slide rod from completely coming off the top plate 12, avoiding the entire laser processing equipment from falling or being damaged by impact. This provides safety protection from a mechanical structure perspective, avoiding major equipment damage and safety accidents. The entire processing is carried out in a sealed area. Metal scrap generated by the metal plate 19 falls into the collection box 25 below through the feed port 24 under the action of its own weight and the blowing action of the airflow. It will not accumulate on the metal plate 19, thus avoiding the accumulation of scrap on the metal plate 19, which may cause laser focal length deviation and uneven cutting depth. At the same time, it prevents high-temperature iron filings from scratching or damaging the metal plate 19 to be processed, thus stabilizing the cutting accuracy and the appearance quality of the finished product. On the other hand, the scrap is uniformly collected in the collection box 25, eliminating the need for frequent manual wiping and cleaning of the processing table. Only the collection box 25 needs to be emptied periodically, which greatly reduces the auxiliary time for downtime cleaning and improves the continuous processing efficiency of the equipment. The entire processing is carried out in a sealed space, preventing the high-temperature metal dust and toxic fumes generated during cutting from spreading outwards and keeping them completely enclosed inside the equipment. The dust and fumes naturally settle into the collection box 25 below with the airflow, achieving centralized collection of solid waste and dust, preventing harmful waste gases and metal dust from drifting into the workshop, protecting the respiratory tract of operators, eliminating the risk of occupational diseases caused by metal dust, and avoiding the fire hazard caused by the overflow of high-temperature sparks.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A CNC laser lathe for metal cutting, comprising a machining lathe (1), characterized in that: A side plate (11) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the machining lathe (1). A top plate (12) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the side plate (11). A first electric cylinder (13) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the top plate (12). A connecting rod is provided at the lower end of the first electric cylinder (13). A CNC controller (14) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod. A base plate (15) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the CNC controller (14). A protective box (16) is provided at the center of the bottom of the CNC controller (14). A laser (17) is fixedly installed at the center of the protective box (16). A laser emitting head (18) is provided at the bottom of the laser (17). A focusing lens is installed at the bottom of the laser emitting head (18). The laser emitting head (18) faces a metal plate (19).

2. The CNC laser lathe for metal cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end face of the machining lathe (1) is symmetrically fixedly connected with a collimating plate (2). A fixed plate (21) is fixedly installed on one side between the two collimating plates (2). A movable plate (22) is slidably connected on the other side between the two collimating plates (2). A bearing strip (23) is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the fixed plate (21) and the movable plate (22). The metal plate (19) is placed on the two bearing strips (23). The machining lathe (1) has an inner cavity. A feed port (24) is opened on the top of the inner surface of the inner cavity of the machining lathe (1). A collection box (25) is placed in the inner cavity of the machining lathe (1). A box door (26) is movably connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the machining lathe (1).

3. A CNC laser lathe for metal cutting according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second electric cylinder (3) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the machining lathe (1). A control rod (31) is fixedly installed on the second electric cylinder (3). The control rod (31) extends through into the machining lathe (1) and is slidably connected to the machining lathe (1). A fixed rod (32) is movably connected to one end of the control rod (31) extending into the machining lathe (1). The upper end of the fixed rod (32) extends through the feed port (24) and is slidably connected to the feed port (24). One end of the fixed rod (32) extending out of the feed port (24) is fixedly connected to the moving plate (22).

4. A CNC laser lathe for metal cutting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control rod (31) and the fixed rod (32) are movably connected in such a way that the control rod (31) extends through the fixed rod (32) and is slidably connected to the fixed rod (32). A vertical plate (4) is fixedly connected to one end of the control rod (31) extending through the fixed rod (32). A first spring (41) is sleeved on the control rod (31). One end of the first spring (41) is fixedly connected to the vertical plate (4), and the other end of the first spring (41) is fixedly connected to the fixed rod (32). The upper end of the vertical plate (4) extends through the material outlet (24) and is slidably connected to the material outlet (24). A horizontal rod (42) is fixedly connected to one end of the vertical plate (4) extending through the material outlet (24). The movable plate (22) The T-shaped piston cavity (43) is provided inside. A T-shaped piston rod (44) is slidably connected inside the T-shaped piston cavity (43). A crossbar (42) extends through into the T-shaped piston cavity (43) and is slidably connected to the T-shaped piston cavity (43). One end of the crossbar (42) extending into the T-shaped piston cavity (43) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the T-shaped piston rod (44). A pressure control cavity (45) is connected to one side of the upper end face of the T-shaped piston cavity (43). The pressure control cavity (45) is located inside the moving plate (22). A plurality of adsorption holes (46) are linearly and equally spaced on one side of the upper end face of the pressure control cavity (45). The bottom of the adsorption hole (46) away from the pressure control cavity (45) corresponds to the upper end face of the bearing strip (23).

5. A CNC laser lathe for metal cutting according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide slide rod is fixedly connected to each of the four corners of the upper surface of the base plate (15). The upper end of the guide slide rod extends through the top plate (12) and is slidably connected to the top plate (12). A limit strip is fixedly connected to one end of the guide slide rod extending out of the top plate (12).

6. A CNC laser lathe for metal cutting according to claim 5, characterized in that: A baffle (6) is covered on both the fixed plate (21) and the movable plate (22). A control frame (61) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle (6). A T-shaped laser tube (62) is slidably connected to the upper end of the inner surface of the control frame (61). A second spring (63) is sleeved on the T-shaped laser tube (62). The second spring (63) is located inside the control frame (61). A central hole is opened in the center of the baffle (6). The tube body of the T-shaped laser tube (62) extends through the central hole and is connected to the central hole.

7. A CNC laser lathe for metal cutting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the protective box (16) is fixedly connected with multiple limiting blocks (7), and the upper surface of the T-shaped laser tube (62) is provided with multiple limiting holes (71). The limiting blocks (7) extend into the limiting holes (71) and slide with the limiting holes (71).

8. A CNC laser lathe for metal cutting according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rectangular cavity (81) is provided on the upper surface of the T-shaped laser tube (62). An air vent (82) is provided on one side of the rectangular cavity (81). Multiple air ducts (8) extend through and are fixedly connected inside the protective box (16). The lower end of the air duct (8) corresponds to the rectangular cavity (81). A fan is fixedly installed on the upper end of the air duct (8). The fan is located inside the CNC controller (14).

9. A CNC laser lathe for metal cutting according to claim 8, characterized in that: A spiral air guide (9) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner surface of the T-shaped piston cavity (43). The spiral air guide (9) includes a spiral blade and an air guide tube. The spiral blade is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air guide tube. The outer wall of the spiral blade is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped piston cavity (43). Microholes are densely opened on the spiral blade. The laser emitting head (18) extends into the air guide tube and is slidably connected to the air guide tube. A flow equalization ring (91) is provided at the lower end of the spiral air guide (9). Multiple coarse holes are opened at equal intervals on the outer ring of the flow equalization ring (91). Multiple fine holes are opened at equal intervals on the inner ring of the flow equalization ring (91). The flow equalization ring (91) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped piston cavity (43). A grid tube (92) is provided below the flow equalization ring (91). The grid tube (92) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped piston cavity (43), and the grid tube (92) is composed of multiple grids forming an annular cylindrical shape.

10. A CNC laser lathe for metal cutting according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both the fixed plate (21) and the movable plate (22) are provided with sealing grooves (100), and a flexible sealing gasket (101) is sealed and connected in the sealing groove (100). A flexible rubber pad layer is provided on the upper surface of the collimating plate (2).

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