A laser welding device and method for preventing body damage

Abstract

The application discloses a laser welding device and method for preventing bodywork damage, which comprises a welding table, a linear moving mechanism fixed on the welding table, a supporting table arranged on one side of the linear moving mechanism, sheet metal parts arranged on the supporting table, an adjustable anti-sputtering mechanism arranged on the sheet metal parts, a welding mechanical arm arranged on the linear moving mechanism, and a laser welding gun arranged at the end of the welding mechanical arm. The linear moving mechanism comprises a driving table fixed on the top of the welding table, and a limiting track arranged on the driving table. The laser welding device and method for preventing bodywork damage can completely block the splashed slag generated by the laser welding gun operation by means of the multi-layer blocking structure of the slag blocking space in the slag limiting disc and the eight-shaped slag extension blocking pieces arranged on the two sides of the slag limiting disc, so that the splashed slag is prevented from falling on the surface of the sheet metal parts of the vehicle body, and various appearance and structure damages such as dirt, color spots, high-temperature ablation damage and the like of the sheet metal are completely avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding equipment, specifically to a laser welding device and method for preventing vehicle body damage. Background Technology

[0002] The booming development of the automotive industry has brought about a crisis of increased energy consumption and environmental pollution. Lightweight design solutions for automobile bodies can significantly alleviate these crises. The key to this design is the combination of steel reinforcing beams and aluminum inner panels. The essence of this combination is to leverage strengths and avoid weaknesses. The steel structure is used to bear the load and ensure strength, while the aluminum plate is used for non-core load-bearing coverings to achieve lightweighting. This inevitably involves welding to fuse the two dissimilar materials, steel and aluminum, together. However, steel and aluminum have significant differences in their melting points, coefficients of linear expansion, and thermal conductivity. Under high temperatures, they can react to form brittle Fe-Al intermetallic compounds. The most common problem in steel-aluminum welded joint failure is poor control of the brittle phase in the weld, which ultimately leads to joint cracking failure. Studies have shown that the thickness of the brittle phase in the weld should be controlled below 10 μm; otherwise, the weld is prone to cracking.

[0003] Regarding patents related to laser welding in the automotive industry, a search revealed a Chinese patent with classification number B23K26 and publication number CN121847961A, which discloses a method for laser welding steel and aluminum components in vehicles. The main components include a mounting cylinder with a top cover plate fixedly connected to its upper side; the laser welding assembly includes a cantilever fixedly connected to the top cover plate, with a wire guide connected below the cantilever for guiding the welding wire; a first laser gun and a second laser gun are connected inside the mounting cylinder; the laser beams emitted by the first and second laser guns converge at their focal points below the surface to be welded, and the welding wire fed by the wire guide extends to the convergence point of the laser beams.

[0004] While the aforementioned device can achieve accurate control of welding temperature and improve welding quality, in actual use, when the laser gun is welding at the welding position, the molten slag produced will splash onto the body sheet metal parts near the weld seam, causing dirt, spots, and burn damage on the sheet metal surface. Subsequent grinding and cleaning processes are required, which greatly increases processing time and production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser welding device and method for preventing vehicle body damage, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage is provided, comprising a welding table, a linear moving mechanism fixed on the welding table, a support platform on one side of the linear moving mechanism, a sheet metal part on the support platform, an adjustable anti-splash mechanism covering the sheet metal part, a welding robotic arm on the linear moving mechanism, and a laser welding gun at the end of the welding robotic arm. The linear moving mechanism includes a drive platform fixed to the top of the welding table, and a limiting rail is provided on the drive platform.

[0007] Furthermore, the linear movement mechanism also includes a mounting base installed at the bottom of the welding robot arm, and limit seats are provided on both sides of the bottom of the mounting base, the size of the limit seats and the limit track being compatible.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple sets of the limiting seats are slidably connected to the limiting rail, and both the limiting seats and the limiting rail are in the shape of an "I". The welding robot arm moves linearly on the driving platform along the limiting rail and welds the sheet metal parts with the laser welding gun on it.

[0009] Furthermore, drive wheel A and drive wheel B are respectively installed on both sides inside the drive platform, and drive wheel A is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor installed on the welding platform. Synchronous belts are installed on drive wheel A and drive wheel B, and drive wheel A and drive wheel B are driven to rotate synchronously through the synchronous belts.

[0010] Furthermore, a connecting seat is fixed on the synchronous belt, and an interference post is provided at the end of the connecting seat. A receiving channel is also provided at the bottom of the mounting seat, and the mounting seat has a circular structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the dimensions of the receiving channel and the interference column are adapted to each other, and the end of the interference column is inserted into the receiving channel. The mounting base and the welding robot arm on it are driven to move by drive wheel A, drive wheel B and synchronous belt.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjustable anti-splash mechanism includes an adjusting arm B connected to one side of the mounting base, and an adjusting arm A is provided on one side of the adjusting arm B, with a slag limiting plate at the end of the adjusting arm A.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustable anti-splash mechanism also includes fixing bolts, and the mounting base, slag limiting plate, adjusting arm A and adjusting arm B are connected by fixing bolts. The adjusting arm A and adjusting arm B have a figure-eight structure. The slag limiting plate covers the sheet metal part and its lateral position is adjusted by the mounting base. The slag limiting plate covers the sheet metal part and its longitudinal position is adjusted by adjusting arm A and adjusting arm B.

[0014] Furthermore, the slag limiting plate has a rectangular structure, and a slag blocking space is provided through the slag limiting plate. At the same time, the slag blocking space covers the welding position on the sheet metal part. Slag extension blocking plates are provided on both sides of the surface of the slag limiting plate, and the two sets of slag extension blocking plates are in a figure-eight shape.

[0015] A laser welding method for preventing vehicle body damage includes the following steps: S1: Place the sheet metal part to be welded stably on the top surface of the support platform and fix it in place. Adjust the adjustable anti-splash mechanism, adjust the longitudinal position of the slag limiting plate by adjusting arm A and adjusting arm B, and adjust the lateral position of the slag limiting plate with the mounting base so that the slag blocking space is precisely aligned with the weld seam of the sheet metal part to be welded. Then, fix the position by locking each component with fixing bolts. S2: Start the drive motor to drive drive wheel A to rotate. Drive wheel A and drive wheel B rotate synchronously through the synchronous belt. The synchronous belt drives the connecting seat to move, so that the interference column pushes the mounting seat to move smoothly along the receiving channel. S3: The limit seat slides along the I-shaped limit track, driving the welding robot arm to move linearly and uniformly along the linear moving mechanism, and the laser welding gun continuously performs laser welding on the sheet metal part along the weld seam trajectory. S4: During the welding process, the slag limiting plate and the figure-eight slag extension blocking plates on both sides block the splashing slag, preventing slag from damaging the surface of the sheet metal parts. After welding is completed, turn off the laser welding gun and the drive motor in sequence, loosen the fixing bolts to adjust the adjustable anti-splatter mechanism, and then remove the welded sheet metal parts.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This solution involves setting up an adjustable anti-splatter mechanism above the sheet metal parts, which can be adjusted in both longitudinal and transverse directions. The longitudinal position of the slag limiting plate is flexibly adjusted using the figure-eight distributed adjusting arms A and B, and the transverse position of the slag limiting plate is adjusted synchronously with the linear moving mechanism. This ensures that the slag limiting plate precisely fits the welding area of ​​the weld. At the same time, the slag blocking space inside the slag limiting plate and the multi-layer blocking structure of the figure-eight slag extension blocking plates on both sides completely block the slag spatter generated by the laser welding gun operation, eliminating slag from splashing onto the surface of the body sheet metal parts from the source, and completely avoiding various appearance and structural damages such as dirt, stains, and high-temperature ablation damage to the sheet metal.

[0017] 2. This solution uses an I-shaped limiting track and limiting seat for guidance, and a synchronous belt with interference columns and receiving channels to smoothly drive the linear movement of the welding robotic arm. The welding positioning is stable and precise. With an adjustable anti-spatter shielding structure, there is no need for subsequent manual grinding, polishing, slag cleaning and repair of sheet metal parts. This greatly reduces the subsequent process flow and manual operation time, effectively reduces the overall processing time of laser welding of steel and aluminum components in vehicles, reduces material consumption and labor costs, and significantly improves the welding processing efficiency and finished product appearance quality of steel and aluminum body components.

[0018] 3. This solution uses an I-shaped limiting track and limiting seat for guidance, and a synchronous belt with interference columns and receiving channels to smoothly drive the linear movement of the welding robot arm. The welding positioning is stable and precise. With an adjustable anti-spatter shielding structure, there is no need for subsequent manual grinding, polishing, slag cleaning and repair of sheet metal parts. This greatly reduces the subsequent process flow and manual operation time, effectively reduces the overall processing time of laser welding of steel and aluminum components in vehicles, reduces material consumption and labor costs, and significantly improves the welding processing efficiency and finished product appearance quality of steel and aluminum body components. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a rear view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive stage and its connection structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base and its connection structure according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the synchronous belt and its connection structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable anti-splash mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connector and its connection structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the adjustable anti-splash mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] The diagram is labeled as follows: 100, Welding table; 200, Linear movement mechanism; 21, Drive table; 22, Limiting track; 23, Drive wheel A; 231, Drive wheel B; 24, Synchronous belt; 241, Connecting seat; 242, Interference column; 243, Receiving channel; 25, Assembly seat; 26, Limiting seat; 300, Welding robotic arm; 301, Laser welding gun; 400, Support table; 500, Sheet metal part; 600, Adjustable anti-spatter mechanism; 61, Slag limiting plate; 62, Slag blocking space; 63, Slag extension blocking plate; 64, Adjusting arm A; 65, Adjusting arm B; 66, Fixing bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Please see Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage, including a welding table 100, a linear moving mechanism 200 fixed on the welding table 100, a support platform 400 on one side of the linear moving mechanism 200, a sheet metal part 500 on the support platform 400, an adjustable anti-splash mechanism 600 covering the sheet metal part 500, a welding robotic arm 300 on the linear moving mechanism 200, and a laser welding gun 301 at the end of the welding robotic arm 300. The linear moving mechanism 200 includes a drive platform 21 fixed to the top of the welding table 100, and a limiting track 22 on the drive platform 21.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the linear moving mechanism 200 also includes a mounting base 25 installed at the bottom of the welding robot arm 300, and limit seats 26 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the mounting base 25, the size of the limit seats 26 and the limit track 22 being compatible.

[0023] Multiple sets of limit seats 26 are slidably connected to the limit rail 22, and both the limit seats 26 and the limit rail 22 are in the shape of an "I". The welding robot arm 300 moves linearly on the drive table 21 along the limit rail 22 and welds the sheet metal part 500 through the laser welding gun 301 on it.

[0024] Drive wheel A23 and drive wheel B231 are respectively installed on both sides inside the drive table 21. Drive wheel A23 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor installed on the welding table 100. Synchronous belt 24 is installed on drive wheel A23 and drive wheel B231, and drive wheel A23 and drive wheel B231 are driven to rotate synchronously through synchronous belt 24.

[0025] A connecting seat 241 is fixed on the synchronous belt 24, and an interference post 242 is provided at the end of the connecting seat 241. A receiving channel 243 is also provided at the bottom of the mounting seat 25, and the mounting seat 25 has a circular structure.

[0026] The dimensions of the receiving channel 243 and the interference post 242 are matched, and the end of the interference post 242 is inserted into the receiving channel 243. The mounting base 25 and the welding robot arm 300 thereon are driven to move by the drive wheel A23, the drive wheel B231 and the timing belt 24.

[0027] like Figure 6-8As shown: By setting a connecting seat 241 and an interference post 242 on the synchronous belt 24, and cooperating with the receiving channel 243 opened at the bottom of the circular mounting seat 25 to form an interlocking and adaptable flexible transmission connection, compared with the traditional rigid connection transmission method, it can effectively buffer the impact and vibration generated during the movement of the welding robot arm 300, avoid transmission jamming and offset errors, and improve the overall transmission synchronization accuracy and running stability. At the same time, the interlocking structure of the interference post 242 and the receiving channel 243 is easy to disassemble and assemble, and has a high fault tolerance rate. It can significantly improve the following accuracy of the drive wheel A23 and drive wheel B231 cooperating with the synchronous belt 24 to drive the welding robot arm 300 to move, ensure the stability and reliability of laser welding positioning, and significantly improve the welding consistency and forming quality of steel and aluminum components.

[0028] like Figure 1-6 As shown: The drive stage 21 uses internal drive wheels A23 and B231 in conjunction with a synchronous belt 24 for synchronous transmission. The interference column 242 of the connecting seat 241 on the synchronous belt 24 is interlocked with the bottom receiving channel 243 of the mounting seat 25 for transmission. Compared with the traditional rigid connection transmission structure, it has better buffering and fault tolerance performance. The circular mounting seat 25 combined with the plug-in interference transmission structure can effectively reduce the impact and vibration during the movement of the welding robot arm 300, improve the stability of the laser welding gun 301 and the welding positioning accuracy. At the same time, it is convenient to disassemble and maintain, has high transmission synchronization and low failure rate of running jam, and can accurately follow the weld seam trajectory to move and weld stably, further ensuring the laser welding forming quality and welding consistency of steel and aluminum components.

[0029] like Figure 2-8 As shown: The welding robotic arm 300 is smoothly driven to move linearly by the I-shaped limiting track 22 and the limiting seat 26, and the synchronous belt 24, the interference column 242, and the receiving channel 243. The welding position is stable and precise. With the adjustable anti-spatter shielding structure, there is no need for subsequent manual grinding, polishing, slag cleaning and repair of the sheet metal parts 500. This greatly reduces the subsequent process flow and manual operation time, effectively reduces the overall processing time of laser welding of steel and aluminum components of vehicles, reduces material consumption and labor cost input, and significantly improves the welding processing efficiency of steel and aluminum body components and the appearance quality of finished products.

[0030] The adjustable anti-splash mechanism 600 includes an adjusting arm B65 connected to one side of the mounting base 25, and an adjusting arm A64 is provided on one side of the adjusting arm B65. The end of the adjusting arm A64 is provided with a slag limiting plate 61.

[0031] The adjustable anti-splash mechanism 600 also includes fixing bolts 66, and the mounting base 25, slag limiting plate 61, adjusting arm A64 and adjusting arm B65 are connected by fixing bolts 66. Adjusting arm A64 and adjusting arm B65 have a figure-eight structure. The slag limiting plate 61 covers the sheet metal part 500 and its lateral position is adjusted by the mounting base 25. The slag limiting plate 61 covers the sheet metal part 500 and its longitudinal position is adjusted by adjusting arm A64 and adjusting arm B65.

[0032] The slag limiting plate 61 has a rectangular structure, and a slag blocking space 62 is provided through the slag limiting plate 61. At the same time, the slag blocking space 62 covers the welding position on the sheet metal part 500. Slag extension blocking plates 63 are provided on both sides of the surface of the slag limiting plate 61, and the two sets of slag extension blocking plates 63 are in a figure-eight shape.

[0033] like Figure 1-5 As shown: By setting an adjustable anti-splatter mechanism 600 with bidirectional position adjustment above the sheet metal part 500, the longitudinal position of the slag limiting plate 61 is flexibly adjusted using the figure-eight distributed adjusting arms A64 and B65, and the lateral position of the slag limiting plate 61 is adjusted synchronously with the linear moving mechanism 200, so that the slag limiting plate 61 accurately fits the welding area of ​​the weld. At the same time, with the help of the slag blocking space 62 inside the slag limiting plate 61 and the multi-layer blocking structure of the figure-eight slag extension blocking plates 63 on both sides, the slag spatter generated by the laser welding gun 301 is completely blocked, and the slag spatter is prevented from splashing onto the surface of the body sheet metal part 500 from the source, so as to completely avoid various appearance and structural damages such as dirt, spots, and high-temperature ablation damage to the sheet metal.

[0034] A laser welding method for preventing vehicle body damage includes the following steps: S1: Place the sheet metal part 500 to be welded stably on the top surface of the support platform 400 and fix it in place. Adjust the adjustable anti-splash mechanism 600, adjust the longitudinal position of the slag limiting plate 61 by adjusting arm A64 and adjusting arm B65, and adjust the lateral position of the slag limiting plate 61 with the mounting base 25 so that the slag blocking space 62 is precisely aligned with the weld position of the sheet metal part 500 to be welded, and lock each component with fixing bolts 66 to complete the position fixation. S2: Start the drive motor to drive the drive wheel A23 to rotate. The drive wheel A23 and the drive wheel B231 rotate synchronously through the synchronous belt 24. The synchronous belt 24 drives the connecting seat 241 to move, so that the interference column 242 pushes the mounting seat 25 to move smoothly along the receiving channel 243. S3: The limiting seat 26 slides along the I-shaped limiting track 22, driving the welding robot arm 300 to move linearly and uniformly along the linear moving mechanism 200, and the laser welding gun 301 continuously performs laser welding on the sheet metal part 500 along the weld seam trajectory. S4: During the welding process, the slag limiting plate 61 and the figure-eight slag extension blocking plates 63 on both sides block the splashing slag to prevent slag from damaging the surface of the sheet metal part 500. After welding is completed, turn off the laser welding gun 301 and the drive motor in sequence, loosen the fixing bolts 66 to adjust the adjustable anti-splatter mechanism 600, and then remove the welded sheet metal part 500.

[0035] Working principle: During welding, the sheet metal part 500 is placed on the support platform 400. The adjustable anti-spatter mechanism 600 covers the slag limiting plate 61 on the corresponding weld position of the sheet metal part 500, aligning the slag blocking space 62 with the welding point. The adjusting arms A64 and B65 work together to adjust the longitudinal position of the slag limiting plate 61. The mounting base 25 drives the overall adjustment of the lateral position of the slag limiting plate 61. The fixing bolts 66 lock and fix the adjusting arms A64, B65, slag limiting plate 61 and mounting base 25. The drive motor drives the drive wheel A23 to rotate. The drive wheel A23 and drive wheel B231 are connected by the same... The synchronous drive of the stepping belt 24, the connecting seat 241 on the synchronous belt 24 drives the interference column 242 to cooperate in the transmission inside the receiving channel 243, thereby driving the mounting seat 25 to move. The limiting seat 26 slides and guides along the limiting track 22, so that the welding robot arm 300 moves smoothly and linearly along the linear movement mechanism 200. The laser welding gun 301 at the end of the welding robot arm 300 is aligned with the weld to perform laser welding. The high-temperature spatter generated by welding is blocked and limited by the slag limiting plate 61 and the figure-eight slag extension blocking plates 63 on both sides, which restricts the slag from scattering outward and splashing, thereby preventing the slag from falling on the surface of the sheet metal part 500 around the weld.

[0036] This solution relies on the adjustable anti-spatter mechanism 600's slag limiting plate 61 and slag extension blocking plate 63 to provide all-round protection against welding spatter, effectively preventing high-temperature slag from sputtering and adhering to the surface of the body sheet metal parts 500 around the weld seam during laser welding gun 301 welding operations. This avoids surface dirt, surface spots, and high-temperature ablation damage to the sheet metal parts 500, eliminating the need for additional sheet metal grinding and impurity cleaning processes after welding. It effectively shortens the overall welding processing time and reduces the production time and overall processing cost of welding steel and aluminum components for vehicles.

Claims

1. A laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage, comprising a welding table (100), characterized in that: A linear moving mechanism (200) is fixed on the welding table (100), and a support platform (400) is provided on one side of the linear moving mechanism (200). A sheet metal part (500) is provided on the support platform (400), and an adjustable anti-splash mechanism (600) is covered on the sheet metal part (500). A welding robot arm (300) is also provided on the linear moving mechanism (200), and a laser welding gun (301) is provided at the end of the welding robot arm (300). The linear moving mechanism (200) includes a drive platform (21) fixed on the top of the welding table (100), and a limit track (22) is provided on the drive platform (21).

2. The laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear moving mechanism (200) also includes a mounting base (25) installed at the bottom of the welding robot arm (300), and limit seats (26) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the mounting base (25), the size of the limit seats (26) and the limit track (22) are compatible.

3. The laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple sets of the limiting seats (26) are slidably connected to the limiting rail (22), and the limiting seats (26) and the limiting rail (22) are both in the shape of an "I". The welding robot arm (300) moves linearly on the driving table (21) along the limiting rail (22) and welds the sheet metal part (500) with the laser welding gun (301) on it.

4. The laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive platform (21) has drive wheels A (23) and B (231) installed on its two sides respectively. Drive wheel A (23) is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor installed on the welding platform (100). Synchronous belts (24) are installed on drive wheels A (23) and B (231), and drive wheels A (23) and B (231) are driven to rotate synchronously through the synchronous belts (24).

5. The laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The synchronous belt (24) is fixed with a connecting seat (241), and the end of the connecting seat (241) is provided with an interference post (242). The bottom of the mounting base (25) is also provided with a receiving channel (243), and the mounting base (25) has a circular structure.

6. The laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dimensions of the receiving channel (243) and the interference post (242) are matched, and the end of the interference post (242) is inserted into the receiving channel (243). The mounting base (25) and the welding robot arm (300) thereon are driven to move by the drive wheel A (23), the drive wheel B (231), and the timing belt (24).

7. The laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustable anti-splash mechanism (600) includes an adjusting arm B (65) connected to one side of the mounting base (25), and an adjusting arm A (64) is provided on one side of the adjusting arm B (65), and a slag limiting plate (61) is provided at the end of the adjusting arm A (64).

8. The laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustable anti-splash mechanism (600) also includes a fixing bolt (66), and the mounting base (25), slag limiting plate (61), adjusting arm A (64) and adjusting arm B (65) are connected by the fixing bolt (66). The adjusting arm A (64) and adjusting arm B (65) are in a figure-eight shape. The slag limiting plate (61) covers the sheet metal part (500) and its lateral position is adjusted by the mounting base (25). The slag limiting plate (61) covers the sheet metal part (500) and its longitudinal position is adjusted by the adjusting arm A (64) and adjusting arm B (65).

9. The laser welding device for preventing vehicle body damage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slag limiting plate (61) has a rectangular structure, and a slag blocking space (62) is provided through the slag limiting plate (61). The slag blocking space (62) covers the welding position on the sheet metal part (500). Slag extension blocking plates (63) are provided on both sides of the surface of the slag limiting plate (61), and the two sets of slag extension blocking plates (63) have an "eight" shaped structure.

10. A laser welding method for preventing vehicle body damage as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Place the sheet metal part (500) to be welded stably on the top surface of the support platform (400) and fix it in place. Adjust the adjustable anti-splash mechanism (600), adjust the longitudinal position of the slag limiting plate (61) by adjusting arm A (64) and adjusting arm B (65), and adjust the lateral position of the slag limiting plate (61) by cooperating with the mounting base (25) to make the slag blocking space (62) accurately aligned with the weld position of the sheet metal part (500) to be welded, and lock each component with fixing bolts (66) to complete the position fixation. S2: Start the drive motor to drive the drive wheel A (23) to rotate. Drive wheel A (23) and drive wheel B (231) rotate synchronously through the synchronous belt (24). The synchronous belt (24) drives the connecting seat (241) to move, so that the interference column (242) pushes the mounting seat (25) to move smoothly along the receiving channel (243). S3: The limiting seat (26) slides along the I-shaped limiting track (22) to guide the welding robot arm (300) to move linearly and uniformly along the linear moving mechanism (200), and the laser welding gun (301) continuously performs laser welding on the sheet metal part (500) along the weld seam trajectory. S4: During the welding process, the slag limiting plate (61) and the figure-eight slag extension blocking plates (63) on both sides block the splashing slag, preventing slag from splashing and damaging the surface of the sheet metal part (500). After welding is completed, turn off the laser welding gun (301) and the drive motor in sequence, loosen the fixing bolts (66), adjust the adjustable anti-splashing mechanism (600), and remove the welded sheet metal part (500).

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