A plate welding deformation control device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of plate welding, in particular to a plate welding deformation control device. The traditional welding fixture is a rigid fixed structure, which provides constant clamping force during the whole welding process. In the welding heating stage, the plate expands due to heat, and the constant clamping force is difficult to adapt to the change of thermal stress, and the deformation cannot be effectively inhibited when the constraint is insufficient. In the post-weld cooling stage, the plate shrinks, and if the clamping force remains unchanged, the weld may crack due to excessive constraint. A plate welding deformation control device drives the metal filler block to lift the lower surface of the welding area of the two steel plates upward, so that the welding area of the two steel plates is tightly attached to the upper wall surface of the groove of the side plate. In the welding heating stage, the clamping force automatically increases with the increase of temperature, providing enhanced rigid constraint in the high temperature interval where the plate is most likely to deform, effectively inhibiting angular deformation and wave deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plate welding, specifically to a plate welding deformation control device. Background Technology

[0002] Welding, as a common method of metal joining, is widely used in engineering fields such as shipbuilding, bridge construction, rail transportation, pressure vessels, and building structures. However, during the welding of thin plates, the welding thermal cycle generates an uneven temperature field in the weld area, leading to compressive plastic deformation near the weld joint. This, in turn, causes various forms of welding deformation, including angular deformation, wave deformation, and lateral shrinkage. These deformations not only affect the geometric accuracy of the welded components but may also reduce the load-bearing capacity and fatigue life of the structure, and in severe cases, even lead to product scrapping.

[0003] To suppress or control welding deformation of plates, the following methods are commonly used in the prior art: selecting appropriate welding fixtures or welding jigs before welding to increase the rigidity of the plates and improve their resistance to bending deformation. Post-weld straightening is performed, such as mechanical straightening or flame straightening. Among these methods, using welding fixtures for rigid fixation before welding is currently the most widely used and cost-effective control method.

[0004] However, existing welding fixtures generally have the following shortcomings: Firstly, traditional welding fixtures are rigid fixed structures, and the clamping force they provide remains constant throughout the welding process. During the heating stage of welding, the plate expands due to heat, and the constant clamping force is difficult to adapt to changes in thermal stress. When the constraint is insufficient, it cannot effectively suppress deformation. During the cooling stage after welding, the plate shrinks. If the clamping force remains unchanged, excessive constraint may lead to weld cracking or generate large residual stress.

[0005] Secondly, the clamping force of existing welding fixtures cannot be adaptively adjusted with changes in welding temperature. The tooling lacks the ability to respond to welding thermal cycles and cannot provide sufficient constraints in the critical temperature range where the plate is most prone to deformation.

[0006] Third, when dealing with plates of different specifications and sizes, existing welding fixtures usually require the replacement of different clamping components or overall adjustment of the tooling structure, which is cumbersome and has poor adaptability. There may be problems such as the clamping end of the fixture not being able to fit tightly with the end of the plate or the clamping position shifting, affecting the stability of the clamping. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plate welding deformation control device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: A plate welding deformation control device includes a support frame constituting the basic support skeleton of the entire device. A support platform is horizontally fixedly installed on the upper part of the support frame. The support platform is used to place the steel plate to be welded. A side plate is rigidly fixed at one end of the support platform. An elastic stabilizing member is provided at the end of the support frame opposite to the side plate. The elastic stabilizing member is used to provide a pre-clamping force to push the steel plate towards the side plate. A sensing metal plate is provided on the support frame below the support platform. The sensing metal plate is used to sense the heat generated by the steel plate during welding. A metal filling block is slidably embedded inside the support platform. The metal filling block is located directly below the mating area of ​​two steel plates. A wedge-shaped conversion module is provided on the support frame below the sensing metal plate. The wedge-shaped conversion module is used to convert the thermally induced contraction displacement of the sensing metal plate into a vertical lifting displacement.

[0008] Preferably, a groove is formed on the side surface of the side plate facing the bearing platform. The groove is arranged to run through the length of the side plate and has a rectangular cross-section. One end of each of the two steel plates to be welded is inserted into the groove.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the side plate is provided with a slot, which extends along the length of the side plate. The slot and the groove are connected to each other. The position of the slot is directly opposite the butt weld area of ​​the two steel plates. The slot is used to allow the welding gun to extend into its interior.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic stabilizing component includes two parallel positioning shafts, a control plate, and a tension spring. The two positioning shafts are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the support frame. One end of the control plate is rotatably connected to the support frame through the two positioning shafts. The control plate can pivot around the axis of the positioning shafts. A pressure plate is slidably connected to the support frame on the opposite side of the side plate. A guide wheel is rotatably provided on the side of the pressure plate facing the control plate. A guide groove is correspondingly provided on the control plate. The guide wheel is rolled and embedded in the guide groove. An operating handle is provided extending outward from the top of the control plate.

[0011] Preferably, the operating handle is used by the operator to hold and apply rotational driving force to the control panel. One end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the control panel. The tension spring is used to continuously apply an elastic deflection torque to the control panel.

[0012] Preferably, the sensing metal sheet has a long strip-shaped structure, one end of the sensing metal sheet is formed as a fixed end, which is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the other end of the sensing metal sheet is formed as a telescopic end, which is a free movable end and connected to the wedge-shaped conversion module. The sensing metal sheet is made of a metal material with thermo-shrinkable properties.

[0013] Preferably, the wedge-shaped conversion module includes a lower module and an upper module. The lower module is fixedly installed on the support frame and is located below the sensing metal sheet. The upper module is slidably disposed above the lower module. The upper module and the lower module achieve sliding contact through mutually cooperating wedge-shaped inclined surfaces. The telescopic end of the sensing metal sheet is fixedly connected to the upper module.

[0014] Preferably, the bearing platform has a vertical guide hole inside, and the metal filler block is slidably embedded in the vertical guide hole inside the bearing platform.

[0015] Preferably, the middle areas of both the upper and lower modules are hollow structures. An arc-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the upper module, and an mounting frame is fixedly installed on the lower module. A rotating block is rotatably connected to the mounting frame, and a telescopic rod is fixedly connected between the arc-shaped frame and the rotating block.

[0016] Preferably, a helical rod is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating block, a helical conical sleeve is provided on the mounting frame, the helical rod and the helical conical sleeve are connected to each other by a thread, and a gasket is respectively fitted on the two positioning shafts.

[0017] Preferably, the pressure plate has a threaded hole, and the side plate has an elongated hole at the position corresponding to the threaded hole of the pressure plate. The elongated hole extends horizontally, and the extension direction of the elongated hole is consistent with the width direction of the steel plate. A bolt passes through the elongated hole.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, the horizontal contraction displacement of the sensing metal sheet is converted into a vertical lifting displacement by the wedge conversion module, thereby driving the metal filling block to lift the lower surface of the welding area of ​​the two steel plates, so that the welding area of ​​the two steel plates fits tightly against the upper wall of the groove of the side plate. During the welding heating stage, the clamping force automatically increases with the increase of temperature, providing enhanced rigid constraint in the high temperature range where the plate is most prone to deformation, effectively suppressing angular deformation and wave deformation.

[0019] In this invention, the spiral conical sleeve moves axially and applies axial compressive force to the shim sleeved on the positioning shaft, causing the shim to expand radially and tighten around the positioning shaft. This applies additional frictional damping locking force to the rotational freedom of the control plate, ensuring that the rotating shaft of the elastic stabilizer is locked synchronously during the welding process. This prevents the steel plate from pushing the pressure plate backward due to thermal expansion, thus preventing the clamping from loosening. It achieves synchronous locking in both the vertical and horizontal directions, improving the clamping stability and deformation resistance throughout the welding process. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support frame and support platform in this invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the support frame and support platform in this invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support frame and elastic stabilizer in this invention; Figure 4 This is a side view of the support frame and side plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support platform and wedge-shaped conversion module in this invention; Figure 6 This is a side view of the elastic stabilizer in this invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wedge-shaped conversion module in this invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the wedge-shaped conversion module in this invention; Figure 9 This is a top view of the wedge-shaped conversion module in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the control board and gasket in this invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 11. Support platform; 2. Side plate; 21. Groove; 22. Slot; 23. Long hole; 3. Elastic stabilizer; 31. Positioning shaft; 32. Control panel; 33. Tension spring; 34. Pressure plate; 35. Threaded hole; 36. Guide wheel; 37. Guide groove; 38. Operating handle; 4. Sensing metal plate; 5. Metal filling block; 6. Wedge conversion module; 61. Lower module; 62. Upper module; 63. Arc frame; 64. Mounting frame; 65. Rotating block; 66. Telescopic rod; 67. Helical rod; 68. Helical cone sleeve; 69. Gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example Please see Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a technical solution: a plate welding deformation control device, including a support frame 1 that forms the basic support skeleton of the entire device. A support platform 11 is horizontally fixedly installed on the upper part of the support frame 1. The support platform 11 is used to place the steel plate to be welded. A side plate 2 is rigidly fixed at one end of the support platform 11. An elastic stabilizing member 3 is provided on the end of the support frame 1 away from the side plate 2. The elastic stabilizing member 3 is used to provide a pre-clamping force to push the steel plate towards the side plate 2. A sensing metal plate 4 is provided on the support frame 1 below the support platform 11. The sensing metal plate 4 is used to sense the heat generated by the steel plate during the welding process. A metal filling block 5 is slidably embedded inside the support platform 11. The metal filling block 5 is located directly below the docking area of ​​the two steel plates. A wedge conversion module 6 is provided on the support frame 1 below the sensing metal plate 4. The wedge conversion module 6 is used to convert the thermally induced contraction displacement of the sensing metal plate 4 into a vertical lifting displacement.

[0024] Furthermore, a groove 21 is provided on the side surface of the side plate 2 facing the bearing platform 11. The groove 21 is provided through the length direction of the side plate 2. The cross-section of the groove 21 is rectangular. One end of the two steel plates to be welded is inserted into the inside of the groove 21 respectively. The upper and lower walls formed by the groove 21 are used to simultaneously limit the vertical direction of one side edge of the two steel plates. A slot 22 is provided on the top of the side plate 2. The slot 22 extends along the length of the side plate 2. The slot 22 and the groove 21 are connected to each other. The position of the slot 22 is directly opposite to the butt weld area of ​​the two steel plates. The slot 22 is used to allow the welding gun to be inserted into it. The welding gun can move freely along the butt weld area of ​​the two steel plates. When the two steel plates are inserted into the groove 21 of the side plate 2 and their ends abut against each other, the mating surfaces of the two steel plates are coplanar with the center line of the slot 22 at the top of the side plate 2 in the horizontal direction. The central axis of the metal filler block 5 in the vertical direction coincides with the center line of the slot 22. The metal filler block 5 is used to make the lifting force applied to it directly below the weld.

[0025] The elastic stabilizing component 3 includes two parallel positioning shafts 31, a control plate 32, and a tension spring 33. The two positioning shafts 31 are fixedly installed on both sides of the support frame 1. One end of the control plate 32 is rotatably connected to the support frame 1 through the two positioning shafts 31. The control plate 32 can pivot around the axis of the positioning shafts 31. A pressure plate 34 is slidably connected on the support frame 1 on the opposite side of the side plate 2. A guide wheel 36 is rotatably provided on the side of the pressure plate 34 facing the control plate 32. A guide groove 37 is correspondingly provided on the control plate 32. The guide wheel 36 is rolled and embedded in the guide groove 37. An operating handle 38 is provided extending outward from the top of the control plate 32. The operating handle 38 is used by the operator to hold and apply rotational driving force to the control plate 32. One end of the tension spring 33 is fixedly connected to the support frame 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the control plate 32. The tension spring 33 is used to continuously apply elastic deflection torque to the control plate 32.

[0026] In this embodiment, the sensing metal sheet 4 has a long strip-shaped structure. One end of the sensing metal sheet 4 is formed as a fixed end, which is fixedly connected to the support frame 1. The other end of the sensing metal sheet 4 is formed as a telescopic end, which is a free movable end and is connected to the wedge-shaped conversion module 6. The sensing metal sheet 4 is made of a metal material with thermal shrinkage characteristics. When the temperature of the sensing metal sheet 4 rises, its overall length shrinks and deforms along its own extension direction.

[0027] In this embodiment, the sensing metal sheet 4 is made of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy. When the temperature of the sensing metal sheet 4 increases from room temperature 25°C to 400°C, its shrinkage rate along the length direction is not less than 2.5%.

[0028] In this embodiment, the wedge-shaped conversion module 6 includes a lower module 61 and an upper module 62. The lower module 61 is fixedly installed on the support frame 1 and is located below the sensing metal sheet 4. The upper module 62 is slidably disposed above the lower module 61. The upper module 62 and the lower module 61 achieve sliding contact through mutually cooperating wedge-shaped inclined surfaces. The telescopic end of the sensing metal sheet 4 is fixedly connected to the upper module 62.

[0029] The support platform 11 has a vertical guide hole inside. The metal filler block 5 is slidably embedded in the vertical guide hole inside the support platform 11. The gap between the metal filler block 5 and the vertical guide hole on one side is 0.1mm~0.3mm. Under the pushing action of the upper module 62, the metal filler block 5 slides upward along the vertical guide hole. The metal filler block 5 is located above the sensing metal sheet 4.

[0030] In this embodiment, the middle areas of both the upper module 62 and the lower module 61 are set as hollow structures. An arc-shaped frame 63 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the upper module 62. An mounting frame 64 is fixedly embedded on the lower module 61. A rotating block 65 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 64. A telescopic rod 66 is fixedly connected between the arc-shaped frame 63 and the rotating block 65. The end of the rotating block 65 is fixedly connected to a spiral rod 67, and a spiral cone sleeve 68 is provided on the mounting frame 64. The spiral rod 67 and the spiral cone sleeve 68 are connected to each other by threads. Two positioning shafts 31 are respectively fitted with shims 69, and the shims 69 are made of silicone rubber friction material.

[0031] In this embodiment, the pressure plate 34 is provided with a threaded hole 35, and the side plate 2 is provided with an elongated hole 23 at the position corresponding to the threaded hole 35 of the pressure plate 34. The elongated hole 23 extends horizontally and the extension direction of the elongated hole 23 is consistent with the width direction of the steel plate. A bolt is inserted into the elongated hole 23 and screwed into the threaded hole 35 after passing through the elongated hole 23, which is used to fix the pressure plate 34 and the side plate 2.

[0032] Work process: S1: Before the welding operation begins, the operator holds the operating handle 38 and pulls the control plate 32 open against the elastic force of the tension spring 33. The operator places two steel plates to be welded on the bearing platform 11 and inserts one end of each steel plate into the groove 21 of the side plate 2. Then the operator releases the control plate 32 and drives the guide wheel 36 on the pressure plate 34 to slide through the guide groove 37 on the control plate 32. The pressure plate 34 pushes the two steel plates to the bottom wall of the groove 21 from the side away from the side plate 2. The pressure plate 34 completes the pre-clamping and positioning of the two steel plates in the horizontal direction. The sensing metal sheet 4 is in a room temperature elongation state, the upper module 62 is in a low position, and the metal filling block 5 does not produce a lifting effect. S2: When the welding operation begins, the welding arc generates high-temperature heat, which is conducted downward through the steel plate and then through the bearing platform 11 to the sensing metal sheet 4. When the temperature of the sensing metal sheet 4 rises to its thermally induced shrinkage phase transition threshold, the sensing metal sheet 4 shrinks and deforms along its own length. The telescopic end of the sensing metal sheet 4 pulls the upper module 62 to slide horizontally relative to the lower module 61. Under the guidance of the wedge-shaped inclined surface between the upper module 62 and the lower module 61, the upper module 62 generates an upward vertical displacement while sliding horizontally. The upper module 62 pushes the metal filling block 5 upward. The metal filling block 5 moves upward under the constraint of the vertical guide hole. The metal filling block 5 squeezes the lower surface of the welding area of ​​the two steel plates from the bottom upward. The welding area of ​​the two steel plates is tightly attached to the upper wall of the groove 21 of the side plate 2 to achieve vertical locking.

[0033] S3: As the upper module 62 rises, the telescopic rod 66 is compressed. The telescopic rod 66 causes the arc frame 63 to deflect relative to the upper module 62. The arc frame 63 drives the rotating block 65 to generate angular displacement relative to the mounting frame 64. The angular displacement of the rotating block 65 causes the spiral rod 67 at its end to rotate synchronously, driving the spiral cone sleeve 68 to move along its own axial direction. The axial movement of the spiral cone sleeve 68 applies axial compressive force to the gasket 69. Under the action of the axial compressive force, the gasket 69 generates radial expansion deformation. The gasket 69 hugs the positioning shaft 31. The gasket 69 applies additional frictional damping to the rotational degree of freedom of the control plate 32.

[0034] S4: After the welding operation is completed, the heat source is removed. When the temperature of the sensing metal sheet 4 drops below the phase change threshold, the sensing metal sheet 4 returns to the room temperature elongation state. The sensing metal sheet 4 pushes the upper module 62 to slide back and reset. The metal filling block 5 falls back to the initial position, the spiral rod 67 rotates in the opposite direction, the spiral cone sleeve 68 moves in the opposite direction along the axis and loosens the shim 69, and the positioning shaft 31 returns to the free rotation state. After the operator loosens the bolts, the welded steel plate can be taken out of the device.

[0035] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plate welding deformation control device, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The support platform (11) is horizontally installed on the upper part of the support frame (1) and is used to place the steel plate to be welded; Side plate (2) is rigidly fixed to one end of the bearing platform (11); An elastic stabilizing member (3) is disposed on one end of the support frame (1) away from the side plate (2) to provide a pre-clamping force to push the steel plate toward the side plate (2); A sensing metal sheet (4) is set on the support frame (1) below the support platform (11) to sense the heat generated by the steel plate during the welding process; The metal filler block (5) is slidably embedded inside the bearing platform (11) and located directly below the joint area of ​​the two steel plates; The wedge-shaped conversion module (6) is located on the support frame (1) below the sensing metal sheet (4) and is used to convert the thermal contraction displacement of the sensing metal sheet (4) into a vertical lifting displacement.

2. The plate welding deformation control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plate (2) has a groove (21) on one side surface facing the bearing platform (11), and the groove (21) is provided through the side plate (2) along the length direction. The groove (21) has a rectangular cross-section and is used for inserting one end of two steel plates to be welded. The top of the side plate (2) is provided with a slot (22), which extends along the length of the side plate (2) and is positioned directly opposite the butt weld area of ​​the two steel plates.

3. The plate welding deformation control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic stabilizer (3) includes: Two positioning shafts (31) are arranged in parallel and fixedly installed on both sides of the support frame (1); The control board (32) is rotatably connected to the support frame (1) through two positioning shafts (31) and can pivot around the axis of the positioning shafts (31). The pressure plate (34) is slidably connected to the support frame (1) on the opposite side of the side plate (2); The guide wheel (36) is rotatably mounted on the side of the pressure plate (34) facing the control plate (32); A guide groove (37) is correspondingly opened on the control plate (32), and the guide wheel (36) is rotatably embedded in the guide groove (37); An operating handle (38) extends outward from the top of the control plate (32) and is used by the operator to hold it and apply rotational driving force to the control plate (32); A tension spring (33) is fixedly connected at one end to the support frame (1) and at the other end to the control plate (32), and is used to continuously apply an elastic deflection torque to the control plate (32).

4. The plate welding deformation control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sensing metal sheet (4) has a long strip-shaped structure. One end is formed as a fixed end and is fixedly connected to the support frame (1). The other end is formed as a telescopic end, which is a free-moving end and is connected to the wedge-shaped conversion module (6). The sensing metal sheet (4) is made of a metal material with thermal shrinkage properties. When the temperature of the sensing metal sheet (4) rises, its overall length shrinks and deforms along its own extension direction.

5. The plate welding deformation control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sensing metal sheet (4) is made of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy.

6. The plate welding deformation control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wedge conversion module (6) includes: The lower module (61) is fixedly installed on the support frame (1) and located below the sensing metal sheet (4); The upper module (62) is slidably disposed above the lower module (61), and slides in contact with the lower module (61) through mutually cooperating wedge-shaped inclined surfaces; The telescopic end of the sensing metal sheet (4) is fixedly connected to the upper module (62); The bearing platform (11) has a vertical guide hole inside, and the metal filling block (5) is slidably embedded in the vertical guide hole. The metal filling block (5) is located above the sensing metal sheet (4), and the bottom surface of the metal filling block (5) abuts against the top surface of the upper module (62).

7. The plate welding deformation control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The middle regions of both the upper module (62) and the lower module (61) are configured as hollow structures; An arc-shaped frame (63) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the upper module (62); The mounting bracket (64) is fixedly mounted on the lower module (61); Rotating block (65) is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket (64); The telescopic rod (66) is fixedly connected between the arc-shaped frame (63) and the rotating block (65); The helical rod (67) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating block (65); The spiral cone sleeve (68) is disposed on the mounting bracket (64) and is connected to the spiral rod (67) by a threaded connection; The gasket (69) is fitted onto the two positioning shafts (31) and is made of silicone rubber friction material.

8. The plate welding deformation control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure plate (34) is provided with a threaded hole (35); The side plate (2) is provided with an elongated hole (23) at the position corresponding to the threaded hole (35) of the pressure plate (34). The elongated hole (23) extends horizontally and its extension direction is consistent with the width direction of the steel plate.

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