An automatic exchange attachment head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting

Abstract

The application discloses a locking structure of an automatic exchange accessory head suitable for heavy cutting, which comprises an accessory head, a machine tool ram and a transition plate, the transition plate is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the machine tool ram, the upper portion of the accessory head is provided with a connecting plate, the upper surface of the connecting plate is provided with two guide pins, a plurality of quick plug-in coupling joints and four pull-in components arranged in diagonal directions, the transition plate is provided with an upper stepped through hole at the position corresponding to the pull-in component, and a hydraulic cylinder assembly is arranged in the upper stepped through hole. The thicknesses of the transition plate, the accessory head and the connecting plate are fully utilized, meanwhile, the locking force of the structure can be increased by the action of the steel balls through the double-cone surfaces, the structure size is further reduced, the combination of the accessory head and the machine tool is more compact, the overhanging of the accessory head relative to the end face of the ram is facilitated to control, the rigidity and reliability of the combination of the machine tool are improved, the machine tool is facilitated to obtain a larger machining range, the economy is better, and the application is suitable for promotion and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool accessory head technology, and specifically to an automatic accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting. Background Technology

[0002] When combining an accessory head with a CNC machine tool, the primary issue is to solve its positioning and locking problems. Common positioning methods for accessory heads include: one is to use an end gear plate for positioning, and the other is to use positioning pins or square, wedge-shaped positioning components and their combinations.

[0003] However, regardless of the chosen positioning and locking method, heavy cutting requires enlarging the mating surface size of the accessory head. This increases the diameter of the end gear or friction surface to control the locking force and ensure the hydraulic cylinder receives appropriate working pressure. Furthermore, the increased locking force required for heavy cutting necessitates a larger locking structure, necessitating more space for arrangement. Currently, accessory head manufacturers primarily utilize the thickness of the transition plate in their locking structure design, with only pull studs installed on the accessory head connecting plate. This is detrimental to the overall compactness of the machine tool. Additionally, commercially available gantry milling machines often employ modular designs, while the cross-sections of heavy cutting accessory heads exceed the dimensions of these modular designs, leading to inconsistencies during installation and limiting the machine tool's working range.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes an attachment head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting, which can make the overall structure of the machine tool more compact while ensuring economy, reducing the overhang of the attachment head, and improving the rigidity and reliability of the machine tool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic interchangeable accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An automatic interchangeable attachment head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting includes an attachment head, a machine tool ram, and a transition plate. The transition plate is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the machine tool ram. A connecting plate is provided on the upper part of the attachment head. The upper surface of the connecting plate is provided with two guide pins, several quick-connect coupling joints, and four pull stud assemblies arranged diagonally. When the attachment head is exchanged, the positions of the transition plate and the connecting plate correspond. An upper stepped through hole is opened at the position of the transition plate corresponding to the pull stud assembly. A hydraulic cylinder assembly is installed in the upper stepped through hole.

[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder assembly includes: a bearing sleeve, a lower end cap, a piston, an upper end cap, a first Teconglio ring, a pull claw assembly, a first O-ring, a second Teconglio ring, a third Teconglio ring, and a second O-ring. The upper stepped through hole includes a first stepped surface and a second stepped surface. The upper end cap is fixedly connected to the first stepped surface. The first O-ring is disposed between the upper end cap and the first stepped surface to prevent leakage. The lower end cap is fixedly connected to the second stepped surface. The second O-ring is disposed between the lower end cap and the second stepped surface. Between them, to prevent leakage, the outer cylindrical surface and inner bore surface of the piston are provided with a first Tequila Glynné ring, a second Tequila Glynné ring and a third Tequila Glynné ring for separation. The lower side of the upper end cover and the upper side of the lower end cover respectively form upper and lower hydraulic oil chambers. The lower end cover has a central through hole, through which the pull claw assembly passes. The size and shape of the central through hole are adapted to the pull claw assembly. The load-bearing sleeve is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. The load-bearing sleeve is located on the bottom side of the lower end cover, and the central hole of the load-bearing sleeve is coaxial with the lower end cover.

[0009] Preferably, the pull rivet assembly includes: a pull rivet, a ball bearing holder, a flat-end set screw, a push rod, a first spring, a washer, a protective cover, a lock nut, a retaining ring, a pull rod, a second spring, a locating pin, a pull rivet seat, a third O-ring seal, a retaining sleeve, a ball bearing, and a fourth O-ring seal. The connecting plate has a lower stepped through-hole, and the pull rivet assembly is disposed within this lower stepped through-hole. The ball bearing holder is radially positioned via its maximum outer diameter cylindrical surface. The lower stepped through-hole includes a third stepped surface, and the ball bearing holder is axially positioned on this third stepped surface. The locating pin is... The ball bearing is placed on the third step surface to restrict the rotation of the ball bearing frame. The ball bearing frame is fixed by a locking nut and washer installed at its tail end. The upper cylindrical surface of the ball bearing frame has an even number of radial through holes, which are evenly distributed around the circumference. The ball bearing is placed in the radial through holes. The ball bearing frame has a central stepped through hole. The pull pin seat is placed at the uppermost end of the central stepped through hole. The upper cylindrical surface of the ball bearing frame is fitted with a retaining sleeve and connected to the push rod through a circumferential array of threaded holes, and locked with a flat-end set screw. The first spring is located on the lower side of the push rod.

[0010] Preferably, the locking nut has an anti-loosening function, and its anti-loosening screw is axially locked.

[0011] Preferably, the outer cylindrical surface of the rivet seat is provided with a groove and a conical surface, with a smooth transition between the conical surface and the groove. The third O-ring and the fourth O-ring are sleeved on the outer side of the conical surface and the groove. The rivet is installed at the upper end of the rivet seat by threaded engagement, and the pull rod is installed at the lower end of the rivet seat by threaded engagement.

[0012] Preferably, the second spring is disposed on the outside of the pull rod, and the retaining ring and the internal hex screw are installed at the end of the pull rod.

[0013] Preferably, a gap is provided between the outer cylindrical surface of the retaining sleeve and the lower stepped through hole opened on the connecting plate, and a number of concentric grooves are opened on the outer cylindrical surface of the retaining sleeve to form multiple protective surfaces. The protective cover is installed on the outside of the locking nut and is pressed tight by the internal hexagon screws set on the nut washer.

[0014] Preferably, the transition plate and the connecting plate are equipped with side positioning components, which include a pin plate and a bayonet plate. The pin plate is fixed to one side of the transition plate, and the bayonet plate is fixed to one side of the connecting plate.

[0015] Preferably, the side positioning component is associated with the aforementioned guide pin, the guide pin realizes the initial positioning of the transition plate and the connecting plate, and the side positioning component realizes the precise positioning of the transition plate and the connecting plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention makes full use of the thickness of the transition plate, accessory head, and connecting plate, thereby making it easier to obtain layout space for the designed structure. The cross-sectional dimensions and thickness of the transition plate and connecting plate can be controlled. At the same time, the steel balls can generate increased locking force through the action of the double conical surface, so smaller-sized tie rods can be selected, further reducing the structural size. This makes the accessory head more compactly integrated with the machine tool, which facilitates the modular design of the whole machine. It also helps to control the overhang of the accessory head relative to the slide end face, improves the rigidity and reliability of the machine tool connection, and allows the machine tool to obtain a larger processing range. It is also more economical and suitable for widespread use. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the locking state of the accessory head in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the accessory head in this invention;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the steel ball and the pull stud seat in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Attachment head; 101. Connecting plate; 102. Dial; 103. Spindle box; 104. Spindle; 105. Tool unloading cylinder; 106. Quick-connect coupling connector; 107. Tool holder; 108. Guide pin; 2. Machine tool slide; 3. Transition plate; 4. Hydraulic cylinder assembly; 401. Bearing sleeve; 402. Lower end cover; 403. Piston; 404. Upper end cover; 405. First Tequila ring; 406. Puller claw assembly; 407. First O-ring seal; 408. Second Tequila ring; 409. Third Tequila ring; 4 10. Second O-ring seal; 5. Rivet assembly; 501. Rivet; 502. Ball holder; 503. Flat-end set screw; 504. Push rod; 505. First spring; 506. Washer; 507. Protective cover; 508. Locking nut; 509. Retaining ring; 510. Pull rod; 511. Second spring; 512. Locating pin; 513. Rivet seat; 514. Third O-ring seal; 515. Retaining sleeve; 516. Ball; 517. Fourth O-ring seal; 6. Side positioning assembly; 601. Insert plate; 602. Bayonet plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention is an automatic interchangeable attachment head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting, including an attachment head 1, a machine tool slide 2, and a transition plate 3. The transition plate 3 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the machine tool slide 2. A connecting plate 101 is provided on the upper part of the attachment head 1. The upper surface of the connecting plate 101 is provided with two guide pins 108, several quick-connect coupling connectors 106, and four pull pin assemblies 5 arranged diagonally. When the attachment head 1 is exchanged, the positions of the transition plate 3 and the connecting plate 101 correspond.

[0026] A stepped through hole is provided at the position corresponding to the transition plate 3 and the rivet assembly 5. A hydraulic cylinder assembly 4 is installed in the stepped through hole. The hydraulic cylinder assembly 4 includes: a bearing sleeve 401, a lower end cover 402, a piston 403, an upper end cover 404, a first Ticonderoga ring 405, a pull claw assembly 406, a first O-ring 407, a second Ticonderoga ring 408, a third Ticonderoga ring 409, and a second O-ring 410. The stepped through hole includes a first stepped surface and a second stepped surface. The upper end cover 404 is fixedly connected to the first stepped surface. The first O-ring 407 is disposed between the upper end cover 404 and the first stepped surface to prevent leakage. The lower end cover 402 is fixedly connected to the second stepped surface. O-ring 410 is disposed between the lower end cover 402 and the second step surface to prevent leakage. The outer cylindrical surface and inner bore surface of piston 403 are provided with a first Teconglio ring 405, a second Teconglio ring 408 and a third Teconglio ring 409 for separation. The lower side of the upper end cover 404 and the upper side of the lower end cover 402 form upper and lower hydraulic oil chambers respectively. The lower end cover 402 has a central through hole through which the claw assembly 406 passes. The size and shape of the central through hole are adapted to the claw assembly 406. The load-bearing sleeve 401 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 101. The load-bearing sleeve 401 is located on the bottom side of the lower end cover 402. The central hole of the load-bearing sleeve 401 is coaxial with the lower end cover 402.

[0027] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the rivet assembly 5 includes: a rivet 501, a ball bearing holder 502, a flat-end set screw 503, a push rod 504, a first spring 505, a washer 506, a protective cover 507, a locking nut 508, a retaining ring 509, a pull rod 510, a second spring 511, a locating pin 512, a rivet seat 513, a third O-ring seal 514, a retaining sleeve 515, a ball bearing 516, and a fourth O-ring seal 517. A lower stepped through-hole is provided on the connecting plate 101, and the rivet assembly 5 is disposed within the lower stepped through-hole. The ball bearing holder 502 is radially positioned through its maximum outer diameter cylindrical surface. The lower stepped through-hole includes a third stepped surface, and the ball bearing holder 502 is axially positioned on the third stepped surface. Positioning pin 512 is set on the third step surface to restrict the rotation of the ball bearing frame 502. The ball bearing frame 502 is fixed by locking nut 508 and washer 506 installed at its tail end. The upper cylindrical surface of the ball bearing frame 502 has an even number of radial through holes, which are evenly distributed around the circumference. The ball bearing 516 is set in the radial through holes. The ball bearing frame 502 has a central stepped through hole. The pull pin seat 513 is placed at the uppermost end of the central stepped through hole. The upper cylindrical surface of the ball bearing frame 502 is fitted with the retaining sleeve 515 and connected to the push rod 504 through the circumferential array threaded holes, and locked with flat-end set screw 503. The first spring 505 is set on the lower side of the push rod 504.

[0028] It should be noted that the locking nut 508 has an anti-loosening function, and its anti-loosening screw is axially locked. The outer cylindrical surface of the pull nut seat 513 is provided with a groove and a conical surface, and the conical surface and the groove are smoothly transitioned. The third O-ring 514 and the fourth O-ring 517 are sleeved on the outer side of the conical surface and the groove. The pull nut 501 is installed on the upper end of the pull nut seat 513 by thread engagement. The pull rod 510 is installed on the lower end of the pull nut seat 513 by thread engagement. The second spring 511 is located on the outer side of the pull rod 510. The retaining ring 509 and the internal hexagon screw are installed on the end of the pull rod 510. There is a gap between the outer cylindrical surface of the retaining sleeve 515 and the lower stepped through hole opened on the connecting plate 101. Several concentric grooves are opened on the outer cylindrical surface of the retaining sleeve 515 to form multiple protective surfaces. The protective cover 507 is installed on the outer side of the locking nut 508 and is pressed by the internal hexagon screw set on the nut washer 506.

[0029] In easily contaminated working environments, the rivet assembly 5 is kept clean by introducing compressed air into the underside of the retainer 515 through the connecting plate 101.

[0030] It should be noted that the transition plate 3 and the connecting plate 101 are equipped with a side positioning component 6. The side positioning component includes a pin plate 601 and a bayonet plate 602. The pin plate 601 is fixed to one side of the transition plate 3, and the bayonet plate 602 is fixed to one side of the connecting plate 101. The side positioning component 6 is associated with the aforementioned guide pin 108. The guide pin 108 achieves the initial positioning of the transition plate 3 and the connecting plate 101, and the side positioning component 6 achieves the precise positioning of the transition plate 3 and the connecting plate 101.

[0031] This structure makes full use of the thickness of the transition plate 3, accessory head 1, and connecting plate 101, making it easier to obtain layout space for the designed structure. The cross-sectional dimensions and thickness of the transition plate 3 and connecting plate 101 are controlled. At the same time, the steel ball 516 can generate increased locking force through the double conical surface action, so a smaller specification pull stud 501 can be selected, further reducing the structural size. This makes the accessory head 1 more compactly integrated with the machine tool, which facilitates the modular design of the whole machine and helps to control the overhang of the accessory head 1 relative to the slide end face, improving the rigidity and reliability of the machine tool connection. It also helps to enable the machine tool to obtain a larger processing range and is more economical. It should be noted that the slide and machine tool are existing equipment and will not be described in detail here.

[0032] Working principle: When the hydraulic cylinder assembly 4 and the rivet assembly 5 are separated, the rivet assembly 5 is in the initial state. The rivet seat 513 is in the lowest position under the action of the second spring 511 and the pull rod 510. Its groove corresponds to the radial hole of the ball holder 502. The retaining sleeve 515 is in the highest position under the action of the first spring 505 and the push rod 504. The steel ball 516 is restricted by it and is located in the radial hole of the ball holder 502 and the groove of the rivet seat 513.

[0033] When the hydraulic cylinder assembly 4 and the pull stud assembly 5 are combined, the machine tool slide 2, together with the transition plate 3, moves closer to the connecting plate 101. The retaining sleeve 515 is pushed downward by the bearing sleeve 401 until the inner conical surface of the bearing sleeve 401 is aligned with the radial hole position of the steel ball holder 502. Oil enters the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic cylinder assembly 4, and the piston 403 drives the pull claw assembly 406, the pull stud 501, and the pull stud seat 513 to move upward. The steel ball 516 is balanced by the pressure of the outer conical surface on the pull stud seat 513, and the accessory head 1 is locked at this time.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, assuming that there are 2i steel balls 516 in any steel ball holder 502, simplifying the calculation by ignoring the influence of friction, based on the force balance of the k-th (1≤k≤i) steel ball in the x and z axes, the following relationship can be obtained:

[0035] Nkx=Nk·Cosα=Mk·Cosβ=Mkx;

[0036] Fk=Fkz=Nkz+Mkz=Nk·Sinα+Mk·Sinβ;

[0037] In the formula: α, β: the angle between the conical surface of the rivet seat and the z-axis, the angle between the conical surface of the bearing sleeve and the z-axis, Fk: the force exerted by the ball bearing holder on the k-th ball, Nk: the supporting force of the rivet seat on the k-th ball, Mk: the supporting force of the bearing sleeve on the k-th ball, Nkx, Mkx: the decomposition of supporting forces Nk and Mk in the x-axis direction, Fkz, Nkz, Mkz: the decomposition of supporting forces Fk, Nk, and Mk in the z-axis direction.

[0038] Under ideal conditions, the forces on each steel ball 516 are equal. From the force balance relationship of the tie rod seat 513, we can conclude that:

[0039] Nk'·Cosα=N(k+i)'·Cosα;

[0040]

[0041] In the formula: P s : Calculate the force of a single hydraulic cylinder, Nk', N(k+i)': the reaction force of the kth and k+ith steel balls on the tie rod seat.

[0042] By combining the above equations, we can deduce that:

[0043] F = P s ·(1+Ctgα·Tanβ);

[0044] In the formula: F: the resultant force exerted by the steel ball on the tie rod seat 513 under ideal conditions, which is the locking force.

[0045] In this embodiment, α = 18° and β = 45° can be taken, and by substituting them, we can obtain F = 4.07.

[0046] The above formula represents an ideal situation, without considering the effects of seal friction, spring reaction force, and friction between the steel ball and the conical surface. Based on experience, the conversion ratio between the hydraulic cylinder force and the actual locking force is approximately 4.07х (between 70% and 80%) ≈ 3N.

[0047] In this embodiment, the pull stud 501 is designed to withstand a maximum force of 18,000 N. The calculated output force of a single hydraulic cylinder is only 11,000-12,000 N. Therefore, a single steel ball holder 502 can generate a locking force of 33,000-36,000 N, and the total locking force can reach 132,000-144,000 N, which meets the requirement of the accessory head 1 to transmit 3,000-3,500 Nm during heavy cutting.

[0048] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. An automatic interchangeable accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting, characterized in that, The attachment includes an accessory head (1), a machine tool slide (2), and a transition plate (3). The transition plate (3) is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the machine tool slide (2). The upper part of the accessory head (1) is provided with a connecting plate (101). The upper surface of the connecting plate (101) is provided with two guide pins (108), several quick-connect coupling connectors (106), and four pull pin assemblies (5) arranged diagonally. When the accessory head (1) is exchanged, the position of the transition plate (3) corresponds to that of the connecting plate (101). The transition plate (3) is provided with an upper stepped through hole at the position corresponding to the pull pin assembly (5). A hydraulic cylinder assembly (4) is provided in the upper stepped through hole.

2. The automatic interchangeable accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic cylinder assembly (4) includes: a bearing sleeve (401), a lower end cover (402), a piston (403), an upper end cover (404), a first Teconglio ring (405), a pull claw assembly (406), a first O-ring (407), a second Teconglio ring (408), a third Teconglio ring (409), and a second O-ring (410). The upper stepped through hole includes a first stepped surface and a second stepped surface. The upper end cover (404) is fixedly connected to the first stepped surface. The first O-ring (407) is disposed between the upper end cover (404) and the first stepped surface to prevent leakage. The lower end cover (402) is fixedly connected to the second stepped surface. The second O-ring (410) is disposed between the lower end cover (402) and the second stepped surface. Between the stepped surfaces, to prevent leakage, the outer cylindrical surface and inner bore surface of the piston (403) are provided with a first Teconglai ring (405), a second Teconglai ring (408) and a third Teconglai ring (409) for separation. The lower side of the upper end cover (404) and the upper side of the lower end cover (402) respectively form upper and lower hydraulic oil chambers. The lower end cover (402) has a central through hole through which the pull claw assembly (406) passes. The size and shape of the central through hole are adapted to the pull claw assembly (406). The load-bearing sleeve (401) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (101). The load-bearing sleeve (401) is located on the bottom side of the lower end cover (402). The central hole of the load-bearing sleeve (401) is coaxial with the lower end cover (402).

3. The automatic interchangeable accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rivet assembly (5) includes: a rivet (501), a ball holder (502), a flat-end set screw (503), a push rod (504), a first spring (505), a washer (506), a protective cover (507), a locking nut (508), a retaining ring (509), a pull rod (510), a second spring (511), a positioning pin (512), a rivet seat (513), a third O-ring seal (514), a retaining sleeve (515), a ball (516), and a fourth O-ring seal (517). A lower stepped through-hole is provided on the connecting plate (101), and the rivet assembly (5) is disposed within the lower stepped through-hole. The ball holder (502) is radially positioned by its maximum outer diameter cylindrical surface. The lower stepped through-hole includes a third stepped surface, and the ball holder (502) is positioned on the third stepped surface. The axial positioning is on the surface. The positioning pin (512) is set on the third step surface to restrict the rotation of the ball bearing frame (502). The ball bearing frame (502) is fixed by the locking nut (508) and washer (506) installed at its tail end. The upper cylindrical surface of the ball bearing frame (502) has an even number of radial through holes, which are evenly distributed around the circumference. The ball bearing (516) is set in the radial through holes. The ball bearing frame (502) has a central stepped through hole. The pull pin seat (513) is placed at the uppermost end of the central stepped through hole. The upper cylindrical surface of the ball bearing frame (502) is fitted with the retaining sleeve (515) and connected to the push rod (504) through the circumferential array threaded holes, and locked with the flat-end set screw (503). The first spring (505) is set on the lower side of the push rod (504).

4. The automatic interchangeable accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking nut (508) has an anti-loosening function, and its anti-loosening screw is axially locked.

5. The automatic interchangeable accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer cylindrical surface of the rivet seat (513) is provided with a groove and a conical surface, and the conical surface and the groove are smoothly transitioned. The third O-ring (514) and the fourth O-ring (517) are sleeved on the outer side of the conical surface and the groove. The rivet (501) is installed on the upper end of the rivet seat (513) by thread engagement. The pull rod (510) is installed on the lower end of the rivet seat (513) by thread engagement.

6. The automatic interchangeable accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second spring (511) is disposed on the outside of the pull rod (510), and the retaining ring (509) and the internal hex screw are installed at the end of the pull rod (510).

7. The automatic interchangeable accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting according to claim 6, characterized in that, A gap is provided between the outer cylindrical surface of the retaining sleeve (515) and the lower stepped through hole opened on the connecting plate (101). Several concentric grooves are opened on the outer cylindrical surface of the retaining sleeve (515) to form multiple protective surfaces. The protective cover (507) is installed on the outside of the locking nut (508) and is pressed tight by the internal hexagon screws set on the nut washer (506).

8. The automatic interchangeable accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transition plate (3) and the connecting plate (101) are equipped with side positioning components (6). The side positioning components include a pin plate (601) and a bayonet plate (602). The pin plate (601) is fixed on one side of the transition plate (3), and the bayonet plate (602) is fixed on one side of the connecting plate (101).

9. The automatic interchangeable accessory head locking structure suitable for heavy cutting according to claim 8, characterized in that, The side positioning component (6) is associated with the aforementioned guide pin (108). The guide pin (108) achieves the initial positioning of the transition plate (3) and the connecting plate (101), while the side positioning component (6) achieves the precise positioning of the transition plate (3) and the connecting plate (101).

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