Lubrication method for hsk spindle chucking mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a lubricating device and method for a HSK spindle clamping mechanism, and relates to the technical field of machine tool spindle maintenance. The device comprises an interface block, a lubricating dispersion block and a container. The lubricating dispersion block is internally provided with an oil guide channel. The interface block is installed on the top of the lubricating dispersion block and is provided with a containing cavity. The inner wall of the containing cavity is provided with a clamping portion and an oil injection hole located below the clamping portion. The oil injection hole is in communication with the oil guide channel. The container is connected with the oil guide channel. Through cooperation of the interface block and the spindle clamping mechanism, axial movement of a pull rod is used to realize two lubricating modes. Mode one is a clamping state. The interface block is locked with the spindle, and the oil injection hole lubricates the outer surface of the lower end of the pull rod and the clamping jaw. Mode two is a loosening state. The interface block is separated from the spindle, and the oil injection hole lubricates the core friction pair.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool spindle maintenance technology, and in particular to a lubrication device and method for HSK spindle clamping mechanisms. Background Technology

[0002] HSK spindles are widely used in modern CNC machine tools due to their high speed, high precision, and high rigidity. The tool clamping system of HSK spindles mainly relies on the engagement of the wedge at the lower end of the drawbar with the inner tapered hole of the clamping jaws. The axial displacement of the drawbar is converted into the radial elastic deformation of the clamping jaws, thereby achieving the clamping and releasing of the tool.

[0003] Currently, the main maintenance method for HSK spindle clamping systems is disassembly. Specifically, this involves removing the clamping cone (the lower part of the pull rod) and the clamping jaws from the spindle and applying lubricant to designated areas. Due to the precision of the clamping jaws, specialized fixtures are often required for reinstallation after disassembly.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies have significant drawbacks: 1. High operating threshold: Disassembling the clamping cone and clamping clamp requires operators to receive professional knowledge training; otherwise, improper operation can easily damage the spindle tool clamping system.

[0005] 2. Long downtime: The disassembly, lubrication, reinstallation and calibration processes take a long time, increasing the unplanned downtime of the machine tool and seriously affecting production capacity.

[0006] 3. Lubrication blind spots: If the parts are not removed, the lubricating oil cannot effectively enter the core friction pairs inside the spindle (such as the contact surface between the tie rod wedge and the inner tapered hole of the clamp), making it impossible to perform maintenance without disassembly.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device and method that can achieve efficient, safe, and all-around lubrication without disassembling the spindle clamping mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lubrication device and method for HSK spindle clamping mechanism, so as to solve the problems of existing HSK spindle clamping system maintenance requiring disassembly, complex operation, long downtime and easy damage to equipment.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A lubrication device for an HSK spindle clamping mechanism, comprising: A lubricating dispersion block, wherein the lubricating dispersion block has an internal oil guiding channel, the oil guiding channel being configured to connect to an external lubricating oil supply source; An interface block is installed on top of the lubrication dispersion block. The interface block has a receiving cavity that can accommodate the lower end of the pull rod and the lower end of the clamping clamp of the clamping mechanism. The inner wall of the receiving cavity has a snap-fit ​​part that can cooperate with the clamping clamp. The inner wall of the receiving cavity also has at least one oil spray hole that communicates with the upper end of the oil guide channel. The oil spray hole is located below the snap-fit ​​part and is configured to spray lubricating oil to the lower end of the pull rod and the lower end of the clamping clamp.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of the oil injection holes are arranged in a circumferential array around the axis of the receiving cavity on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of oil injection holes is configured to be adjustable according to the number of spindle clamps, so that each oil injection hole corresponds to the gap position of one clamp.

[0012] Furthermore, the injection direction of the oil injection hole is tilted towards the axis of the receiving cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the snap-fit ​​portion is designed in annular shape to have a through hole in the middle of the snap-fit ​​portion for the pull rod and the clamping pliers to extend into the receiving cavity, and the spray direction of the oil injection hole is toward the through hole so that lubricating oil can be sprayed out from the through hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the oil injection holes is at least two, and the oil guide channel includes a main inlet and at least two branch oil channels. The main inlet is used to connect to an external lubricating oil supply source. The number of branch oil channels is the same as the number of oil injection holes. The lower end of the branch oil channel is connected to the main inlet, and the upper end of the branch oil channel is connected to the corresponding oil injection hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the injection direction of the oil distribution channel is inclined upward and outward relative to the axis of the main inlet.

[0016] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the interface block and the lubrication dispersion block.

[0017] Furthermore, the lubrication device also includes a container for storing lubricating oil, the lubricating dispersion block is installed on the top of the container, and the inner cavity of the container is connected to the lower end of the oil guiding channel.

[0018] A lubrication method for an HSK spindle clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism including a pull rod and a clamping clamp disposed within the spindle, wherein the wedge at the lower end of the pull rod and the inner tapered hole of the clamping clamp form an inclined surface mating pair, and the axial displacement of the pull rod is converted into the radial elastic deformation of the clamping clamp through the inclined surface contact; the lubrication method employs the aforementioned lubrication device for an HSK spindle clamping mechanism, and the lubrication method includes the following steps: Installation device: The lubrication device is inserted into the spindle, the top surface of the interface block abuts against the inner surface of the spindle, and the pull rod and the clamping clamp are inserted together into the receiving cavity of the interface block; S2: Mode 1 Lubrication (Clamping State): Drive the pull rod upward to open the clamping pliers, and the clamping pliers engage with the snap-fit ​​part of the interface block. At this time, the interface block and the main shaft are locked together. Then press the container, and the lubricating oil is sprayed out from the oil spray hole of the interface block after passing through the oil guide channel of the lubrication dispersion block, lubricating the lower end of the pull rod and the lower end of the clamping pliers. S3: Mode 2 Lubrication (Released State): Drive the pull rod downwards, and the clamping clamp retracts and resets under its own elasticity or the action of the reset mechanism, and the interface block is not locked to the main shaft; then press the container, and the lubricating oil is sprayed out from the oil spray hole of the interface block after passing through the oil guide channel of the lubrication dispersion block, lubricating the lower end of the pull rod and the lower end of the clamping clamp.

[0019] Further, in step S2 or S3, when the oil injection hole is facing one of the jaws or the gaps of the clamping pliers, lubricating oil is sprayed at least once; then the lubrication device is rotated so that the oil injection hole is facing the other of the jaws or the gaps of the clamping pliers, and then lubricating oil is sprayed at least once more.

[0020] Furthermore, step S2 can be executed before step 3, or step S3 can be executed before step 2. Preferably, step S2 is executed before step 3. The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. No disassembly required, easy to operate: This invention, through the design of a dedicated interface block and lubrication dispersion block, enables direct lubrication of the spindle without disassembling the clamping mechanism. Operators require no professional training; simply insert the device into the spindle and coordinate with the pull rod to complete lubrication, greatly reducing the operational threshold.

[0021] 2. Reduce downtime and increase production capacity: Compared with traditional disassembly and maintenance methods, this invention eliminates the cumbersome disassembly and calibration steps, significantly shortens maintenance time, effectively reduces machine tool downtime, and improves equipment utilization and production capacity.

[0022] 3. Reduce the risk of equipment damage: It avoids the risk of mechanical damage caused by frequent disassembly of the clamping cone and clamping clamp, and extends the service life of the spindle clamping system.

[0023] 4. Comprehensive lubrication with remarkable results: By designing two lubrication modes, "Mode 1" (clamped state) and "Mode 2" (released state), combined with the circumferential array layout of the oil injection holes and the rotatable operation, it can ensure that the lubricating oil covers the lower end of the pull rod, the lower end of the clamping clamp, and the core friction pair (sloping surface mating pair) between the two, achieving all-round precise lubrication and improving maintenance quality.

[0024] 5. Optimized structure and strong adaptability: The oil channel design ensures uniform oil output from each injection hole; the interface block size can be scaled according to different spindle interfaces, and the number of injection holes can be adjusted according to the number of clamps, which has good versatility and adaptability.

[0025] To better understand and implement this invention, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the lubrication device described in the embodiment; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the lubrication device described in the embodiment; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the lubrication mode 1 described in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the lubrication mode two described in the embodiment; Figure label: 1. Interface block; 11. Receiving cavity; 12. Snap-fit ​​part; 13. Oil injection hole; 2. Lubrication dispersion block; 21. Oil guide channel; 211. Main inlet; 212. Oil distribution channel; 3. Container; 10. Main shaft; 20. Tie rod; 30. Clamping clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] It should be understood that in the description of this application, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. That is, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0029] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," "linked," and "hollow" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this invention provides a lubrication device for an HSK spindle clamping mechanism. This clamping mechanism typically includes a spindle, a pull rod 20 disposed within the spindle 10, and a clamping jaw 30 hinged or elastically connected to the lower end of the pull rod 20. The wedge at the lower end of the pull rod 20 and the inner tapered hole of the clamping jaw 30 form a beveled surface mating pair. When the pull rod 20 moves axially, the beveled surface contact is converted into radial elastic deformation of the clamping jaw 30, thereby clamping or releasing the tool (HSK tool holder).

[0031] The lubrication device of the present invention includes an interface block 1, a lubrication dispersion block 2, and a container 3.

[0032] The lubricating dispersion block 2 has an internal oil guiding channel 21. The oil guiding channel 21 includes a main inlet 211 located at the center and at least two branch oil channels 212. The main inlet 211 is used to connect to an external lubricating oil supply source. In this embodiment, the external supply source is a container 3 for storing lubricating oil. The lower end of the branch oil channel 212 is connected to the main inlet 211, and the upper end extends upward.

[0033] The lubrication device of the present invention includes an interface block 1, a lubrication dispersion block 2, and a container 3.

[0034] The lubricating dispersion block 2 has an internal oil guiding channel 21. The oil guiding channel 21 includes a main inlet 211 located at the center and at least two branch oil channels 212. The main inlet 211 is used to connect to an external lubricating oil supply source. In this embodiment, the external supply source is a container 3 for storing lubricating oil. The lower end of the branch oil channel 212 is connected to the main inlet 211, and the upper end extends upward.

[0035] An interface block 1 is mounted on top of a lubrication dispersion block 2, with a sealing ring (not shown) between them to prevent lubricant leakage. The interface block 1 has a receiving cavity 11 that can accommodate the lower end of the pull rod 20 and the lower end of the clamping clamp 30. The inner wall of the receiving cavity 11 has a snap-fit ​​portion 12 that can cooperate with the clamping clamp 30. Specifically, the snap-fit ​​portion 12 is annular in design, with a through hole in its center allowing the pull rod 20 and the clamping clamp 30 to extend into it. The bottom surface (i.e., the top inner wall) of the receiving cavity 11 has at least one oil spray hole 13, located below the snap-fit ​​portion 12 and connected to the upper end of the oil distribution channel 212. The oil spray hole 13 is configured to spray lubricant to the lower ends of the pull rod 20 and the clamping clamp 30.

[0036] To accommodate different spindle sizes 10, the dimensions of the interface block 1 (such as outer diameter and cavity depth) can be scaled according to the size of the spindle 10 interface. Simultaneously, the number of oil injection holes 13 is configured to be adjustable based on the number of clamping jaws 30 on the spindle 10. For example, for 3-jaw or 4-jaw clamping jaws, this ensures that each oil injection hole 13 corresponds to the gap position of one clamping jaw 30, achieving precise injection.

[0037] Preferably, a plurality of oil injection holes 13 are arranged in a circumferential array around the axis of the receiving cavity 11. The spray direction of the oil injection holes 13 is inclined towards the axis of the receiving cavity 11, more preferably towards the through hole in the middle of the snap-fit ​​portion 12, so that the lubricating oil can be smoothly sprayed into the deep interior of the spindle 10. Correspondingly, the orientation of the oil distribution channel 212 is also set to be inclined upward and outward relative to the axis of the main inlet 211, so as to match the spray angle of the oil injection holes 13 and ensure that the lubricating oil can be smoothly dispersed and sprayed upward.

[0038] Container 3 is used to store lubricating oil (preferably spray-type lubricating oil). Lubricating dispersion block 2 is installed on the top of container 3. The inner cavity of container 3 is connected to the lower end (main inlet 211) of oil guide channel 21. By pressing container 3, lubricating oil can be pumped into oil guide channel 21.

[0039] The present invention also provides a method for lubrication using the above-described device, specifically comprising the following steps: Step S1: Install the device Insert the lubrication device into the spindle 10 so that the top surface of the interface block 1 abuts against the inner surface of the spindle 10. At this time, the pull rod 20 and the clamping clamp 30 extend together into the receiving cavity 11 of the interface block 1.

[0040] Step S2: Mode 1 Lubrication (Clamped State) Control the spindle 10 to move the pull rod 20 upward, and the wedge of the pull rod 20 opens the clamping jaw 30. The opened clamping jaw 30 opens outward and engages with the snap-fit ​​part 12 of the interface block 1. At this time, the interface block 1 is locked to the spindle 10 by the force of the clamping jaw 30. Then, press the container 3 upward, and the spray lubricating oil in the container 3 enters the oil guide channel 21 and is sprayed out from the oil spray hole 13 through the oil distribution channel 212. Since the clamping jaw 30 is in the opened and locked state at this time, the lubricating oil is mainly sprayed to the lower end (wedge part) of the pull rod 20 and the lower outer surface of the clamping jaw 30. At this time, the inclined contact part between the pull rod 20 and the clamping jaw 30, and the contact part between the clamping jaw 30 and the snap-fit ​​part 12 are blocked and cannot be lubricated. If the oil spray hole 13 is directly opposite the jaw flap of the clamping jaw 30, the entire lubrication device can be rotated to offset the position of the jaw flap, so that the lubricating oil can be sprayed into the flap area.

[0041] Step S3: Mode Two Lubrication (Released State) Controlling the spindle 10 causes the pull rod 20 to move downwards, and the clamping jaw 30 retracts and resets under its own elastic restoring force or the action of the spindle 10's reset mechanism. At this time, the clamping jaw 30 disengages from the locking part 12 of the interface block 1, and the interface block 1 is no longer locked to the spindle 10. Pressing the container 3 again causes the lubricating oil to spray out again through the oil spray hole 13. Since the clamping jaw 30 has retracted, the lubricating oil, in addition to lubricating the lower end of the pull rod 20 and the lower end of the clamping jaw 30, can also penetrate through the gaps or be directly sprayed onto the inclined mating pair between the pull rod 20 and the clamping jaw 30, as well as the contact part between the clamping jaw 30 and the locking part 12, achieving deep lubrication of the core friction pair.

[0042] In step S2 or S3, to eliminate lubrication dead zones, the interface block 1 is allowed to rotate horizontally around the axis of the spindle 10. For example, when the oil spray nozzle 13 is facing the jaws of the clamping jaw 30, it sprays once; then the lubrication device is rotated by a certain angle (such as 90 degrees or 120 degrees, depending on the number of clamps) so that the oil spray nozzle 13 is facing the jaws of the clamping jaw 30, and it sprays again. By spraying at multiple angles, lubrication without dead zones is ensured.

[0043] In summary, this invention, through its ingenious structural design, achieves efficient lubrication of the HSK spindle clamping mechanism without disassembly, solving a long-standing maintenance problem in the industry.

[0044] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lubrication method for an HSK spindle clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprising a pull rod and a clamping clamp disposed within the spindle, wherein the wedge at the lower end of the pull rod and the inner conical hole of the clamping clamp form an inclined surface mating pair, and the axial displacement of the pull rod is converted into radial elastic deformation of the clamping clamp through the inclined surface contact, characterized in that, The lubrication method employs a lubrication device comprising a lubrication dispersion block, an interface block, and a container. The container is used to store lubricating oil. The lubrication dispersion block is installed on the top of the container, and an oil guiding channel is provided inside the lubrication dispersion block. The lower end of the oil guiding channel is connected to the inner cavity of the container. The interface block is installed on the top of the lubrication dispersion block, and the interface block has a receiving cavity that can accommodate the lower end of the pull rod and the lower end of the clamping clamp. The inner wall of the receiving cavity has a snap-fit ​​part that can cooperate with the clamping clamp. The inner wall of the receiving cavity also has at least one oil spray hole that is connected to the upper end of the oil guiding channel. The oil spray hole is located below the snap-fit ​​part and is configured to spray lubricating oil to the lower end of the pull rod and the lower end of the clamping clamp. The lubrication method includes the following steps: The lubrication device is inserted into the spindle, the top surface of the interface block abuts against the inner surface of the spindle, and the pull rod and the clamping clamp are inserted together into the receiving cavity of the interface block; The pull rod moves upward to open the clamping pliers, which engage with the snap-fit ​​part of the interface block. The interface block and the main shaft are locked together. Then, the container is pressed, and lubricating oil is sprayed out from the oil spray hole of the interface block after passing through the oil guide channel of the lubrication dispersion block, lubricating the lower end of the pull rod and the lower end of the clamping pliers. At this time, the contact parts between the pull rod and the clamping pliers, and the contact parts between the clamping pliers and the snap-fit ​​part, are not lubricated. The pull rod moves downward, and the clamping pliers retract and reset under their own elasticity or the action of the reset mechanism. The interface block and the main shaft are not locked. Then, the container is pressed, and the lubricating oil is sprayed out from the oil spray hole of the interface block after passing through the oil guide channel of the lubrication dispersion block, lubricating the lower end of the pull rod and the lower end of the clamping pliers. At this time, the contact parts between the pull rod and the clamping pliers, and the contact parts between the clamping pliers and the snap-fit ​​part are lubricated.

2. The lubrication method for the HSK spindle clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the oil injection holes are arranged in a circumferential array around the axis of the receiving cavity on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity.

3. The lubrication method for the HSK spindle clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of oil injection holes is configured to be adjustable according to the number of spindle clamps, so that each oil injection hole corresponds to the gap position of one clamp.

4. The lubrication method for the HSK spindle clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The injection direction of the oil injection hole is tilted towards the axis of the receiving cavity.

5. The lubrication method for the HSK spindle clamping mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The snap-fit ​​portion is designed in an annular shape to have a through hole in the middle of the snap-fit ​​portion, through which the pull rod and the clamping pliers can extend into the receiving cavity, and the spray direction of the oil injection hole is toward the through hole so that lubricating oil can be sprayed out from the through hole.

6. The lubrication method for the HSK spindle clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of oil injection holes is at least two, and the oil guide channel includes a main inlet and at least two branch oil channels. The main inlet is used to connect to an external lubricating oil supply source. The number of branch oil channels is the same as the number of oil injection holes. The lower end of each branch oil channel is connected to the main inlet, and the upper end of each branch oil channel is connected to the corresponding oil injection hole.

7. The lubrication method for the HSK spindle clamping mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The injection direction of the oil distribution channel is inclined upward and outward relative to the axis of the main inlet.

8. The lubrication method for the HSK spindle clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring is provided between the interface block and the lubrication dispersion block.

9. The lubrication method for the HSK spindle clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the interface block and the main shaft are locked together, the interface block is allowed to rotate horizontally around the axis of the main shaft; Lubricating oil is sprayed at least once when the oil injection nozzle is directed toward one of the jaws or jaw slits of the clamping pliers; then the lubrication device is rotated so that the oil injection nozzle is directed toward the other jaw or jaw slit of the clamping pliers, and lubricating oil is sprayed at least once more.

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