A numerical control tool wear on-line monitoring and intelligent compensation device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of numerical control tools, and discloses a numerical control tool wear online monitoring and intelligent compensation device, which comprises coaxially vertically positioned and assembled upper end positioning clamp disc and lower end tool head clamp disc, the upper end positioning clamp disc is fixedly assembled at the tool shaft end, and the lower end tool head clamp disc is fixedly assembled at the tool head end; through cooperation of the set open type clamp body, annular layered partition plate, inner cavity and outer cavity structure, a double-layer independent cavity space is formed inside the sensing monitoring structure, working condition acquisition sensors and reference self-checking sensors are arranged respectively, synchronous operation of cutting condition monitoring and sensor self-checking verification is realized, the problem that a traditional tool wear monitoring device cannot distinguish sensor faults and real tool wear is effectively solved, the system can complete tool wear amount accounting relying on the monitoring data after accurate verification, and then dynamic intelligent compensation of machining parameters is realized, and the overall precision and machining stability of numerical control machining are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of CNC tool technology, specifically a CNC tool wear online monitoring and intelligent compensation device. Background Technology

[0002] In CNC machining, tool wear is an unavoidable and normal machining loss. The wear condition of the tool directly determines the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece, the surface finish, and the overall service life of the tool. Therefore, effective monitoring and control of tool wear is a core management aspect of high-precision CNC machining. Currently, the industry mostly adopts a passive management model for tool wear detection, such as manual visual inspection, timed sampling, and fixed-cycle tool replacement.

[0003] For example, a measuring device for precisely adjusting a boring bar, disclosed in CN217776421U, includes a first tool holder. A fixing device is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first tool holder. The fixing device includes a first movable block, a first support plate, a first opening slot, a first clamping block, a first fixing block, a second fixing block, and a second clamping block. By setting up the fixing device, the first movable block can be manually inserted into the interior of the first tool holder, facilitating the fixing of the boring bar and avoiding bolt stripping caused by bolt jamming, which could prevent normal measurement.

[0004] However, the aforementioned devices are offline testing equipment, which can only carry out testing operations after the equipment is stopped and the tools are disassembled. They cannot collect and monitor the tool wear status in real time during normal cutting operations, making it difficult to meet the production needs of continuous and automated CNC machining. Furthermore, existing traditional tool wear monitoring structures generally adopt a single sensor acquisition mode without setting up an independent working condition acquisition area and a benchmark self-checking structure. In actual use, traditional monitoring equipment cannot distinguish between fault data caused by sensor loosening, signal drift, or component failure and working condition data changes caused by actual tool wear. This easily leads to data distortion due to sensor failure, making it impossible to guarantee the authenticity and accuracy of tool wear monitoring data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this invention provides an online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear, comprising an upper positioning clamping plate and a lower tool head clamping plate coaxially and vertically aligned, wherein the upper positioning clamping plate is fixedly mounted on the tool shaft end and the lower tool head clamping plate is fixedly mounted on the tool head end, and further comprising: a monitoring self-testing intelligent control component and a sealing and shock absorption protection component;

[0007] The monitoring and self-testing intelligent control component is fitted onto the outer wall of the cutter shaft and matched with the upper positioning clamp plate. The monitoring and self-testing intelligent control component includes two sets of symmetrical, interlocking, split clamp bases. The two sets of split clamp bases together form an annular whole covering the cutter shaft. The interior of the split clamp base is divided into two independent cavities by annular layered partitions. The side of the two independent cavities closer to the cutter shaft is the inner cavity, and the side farther from the cutter shaft is the outer cavity. Positioning brackets are fixedly installed inside both the inner and outer cavities. Multidimensional sensor detectors are rigidly fixed on each positioning bracket. The multidimensional sensor detectors in the inner cavity are cutting condition acquisition sensors, and the multidimensional sensor detectors in the outer cavity are reference self-test sensors, forming a paired reverse self-test structure with the multidimensional sensor detectors in the inner cavity.

[0008] An installation chamber is opened through the middle of the annular layered partition. A sensor self-tester is fixedly installed inside the installation chamber. The sensor self-tester is a standardized excitation module that can simultaneously output a standard excitation signal of uniform amplitude to two sets of multi-dimensional sensor detectors in the inner and outer cavities.

[0009] Preferably, the split clamp base extends symmetrically to both sides horizontally to form ear plates, and each ear plate has a bolt locking through hole for inserting a locking bolt. The two sets of split clamp bases are locked by bolts passing through the bolt locking through hole, which is used to realize the detachable clamp fixation of the monitoring self-inspection intelligent control component and the cutter shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a sealing and shock-absorbing protective component is assembled between the upper positioning clamp plate and the docking end face of the monitoring self-testing intelligent control component. The sealing and shock-absorbing protective component includes an annular sealing and limiting groove formed on the docking end face of the upper positioning clamp plate. An arc-shaped elastic sealing ring is embedded inside the annular sealing and limiting groove. An extension sealing sheet is symmetrically fixed to the upper and lower end faces of the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring.

[0011] Preferably, the ends of the two sets of split clamp bases facing the upper positioning clamp disc are respectively integrally formed with annular alignment and embedding bosses. The annular alignment and embedding bosses are embedded in the annular sealing and limiting grooves and are press-fitted with the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring. The arc-shaped elastic sealing ring and the extended sealing plate achieve dustproof and waterproof sealing of the assembly surface, while isolating the cutting vibration transmitted from the upper positioning clamp disc to the outer cavity of the split clamp base, ensuring the stability of the reference self-test sensor data.

[0012] Preferably, the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring and the extended sealing sheet are made of the same elastic sealing material, and the extended sealing sheet extends bidirectionally along the arc-shaped end face of the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring.

[0013] Preferably, the annular alignment and embedding boss is an overall annular protrusion structure, and the outer contour of the annular alignment and embedding boss is adapted to the inner contour of the annular sealing and limiting groove, so as to maintain the integrity of the sealing structure for a long time.

[0014] Preferably, the annular layered partition has a complete annular sheet structure, and the annular layered partition is made of shock-absorbing material.

[0015] Preferably, the installation chamber is located in the center of the two sets of multi-dimensional sensor detectors in the inner and outer cavities. The sensor self-tester arranged in the center is used to synchronously transmit the excitation signal to the multi-dimensional sensor detectors in both cavities, so as to avoid the time difference of signal output during the self-test process.

[0016] Preferably, the multi-dimensional sensing detector arranged in the inner cavity includes a cutting force sensor, a vibration sensor, and an acoustic emission sensor, which are used to collect force, vibration, and acoustic emission signals during the tool cutting process in real time.

[0017] Preferably, the standard excitation signal output by the sensor self-tester can be applied simultaneously to three types of acquisition units: force sensing, vibration sensing, and acoustic emission sensing. The external integrated control terminal compares the response amplitude and phase difference between the internal cavity sensor and the external cavity sensor to the same standard excitation signal. When the difference exceeds a preset threshold, the internal cavity sensor is determined to be faulty; otherwise, the tool wear is calculated based on the working condition signal acquired by the internal cavity.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] This invention, through the combination of a split clamp base, annular layered partition, inner cavity, and outer cavity structure, forms a double-layered independent cavity space within the sensing and monitoring structure. Working condition acquisition sensors and a reference self-test sensor are respectively arranged within this space, enabling synchronous operation of cutting condition monitoring and sensor self-test calibration. This effectively solves the problem that traditional tool wear monitoring equipment cannot distinguish between sensor malfunction and actual tool wear, avoiding data distortion due to sensor failure and ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of tool wear monitoring data. The system can calculate tool wear based on accurately calibrated monitoring data, thereby achieving dynamic intelligent compensation of machining parameters and effectively improving the overall accuracy and stability of CNC machining.

[0020] This invention, through the combination of an installation chamber, a sensor self-tester, and a pair of multi-dimensional sensor detectors, utilizes a centrally located standardized excitation module to synchronously output a unified excitation signal to the internal and external cavity sensors, thereby achieving synchronous integrated self-testing and verification of multiple types of sensors. This eliminates the defects of time difference in self-testing of multiple sets of sensors and inconsistent verification standards, and significantly improves the accuracy and stability of sensor fault identification.

[0021] This invention utilizes a sealing and vibration damping protection component structure consisting of an annular sealing limiting groove, an arc-shaped elastic sealing ring, an extended sealing sheet, and an annular aligning and embedding boss to achieve all-round sealing protection at the device docking position through an interference fit structure. This prevents impurities such as cutting fluid and iron filings from entering the equipment. At the same time, it forms a dual vibration isolation system with an annular layered partition of damping material, effectively isolating the interference of cutting vibration on the reference sensor, ensuring the long-term stable operation of monitoring and self-inspection, and reducing equipment failure rate and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the CNC cutting tool of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the upper positioning clamp disc of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring and self-testing intelligent control component structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the monitoring and self-testing intelligent control component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the split clamp base structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure with partial truncation at point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing and shock-absorbing protective component structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the annular alignment and embedding boss structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Upper positioning clamp disc; 2. Lower cutter head clamp disc; 3. Monitoring and self-testing intelligent control component; 300. Split clamp base; 301. Positioning bracket; 302. Multi-dimensional sensor detector; 303. Annular layered partition; 304. Installation chamber; 305. Sensor self-tester; 306. Ear plate; 307. Bolt locking through hole; 4. Sealing and shock absorption protection component; 400. Annular sealing limiting groove; 401. Arc-shaped elastic sealing ring; 402. Extended sealing sheet; 403. Annular alignment and embedding boss. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this invention provides an online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear, including an upper positioning clamp plate 1 and a lower tool head clamp plate 2 coaxially and vertically aligned. The upper positioning clamp plate 1 is fixedly mounted on the tool shaft end, and the lower tool head clamp plate 2 is fixedly mounted on the tool head end. It also includes a monitoring and self-inspection intelligent control component 3 and a sealing and vibration damping protection component 4. The monitoring and self-inspection intelligent control component 3 is sleeved and mounted on the outer wall of the tool shaft and matched with the upper positioning clamp plate 1. The monitoring and self-inspection intelligent control component 3 includes two sets of symmetrically interlocking split clamp bases 300. The two sets of split clamp bases 300 together form an annular whole covering the tool shaft. The interior of the split clamp base 300 is divided into two independent cavities by annular layered partitions 303. The side of the two independent cavities closer to the tool shaft is the inner cavity, and the side farther from the tool shaft is the outer cavity. Positioning brackets 301 are fixedly installed inside both the inner and outer cavities. Multiple positioning brackets 301 are rigidly fixed on each positioning bracket 301. The multi-dimensional sensor 302 has two types of sensors: one in the inner cavity and the other in the outer cavity. The inner cavity serves as a cutting condition acquisition sensor, while the outer cavity serves as a reference self-test sensor. Together, they form a paired reverse self-test structure. A mounting chamber 304 is formed through the middle of the annular layered partition 303. A sensor self-tester 305 is fixedly installed inside the mounting chamber 304. The sensor self-tester 305 is a standardized excitation module that can simultaneously output a standard excitation signal with a uniform amplitude to both the inner and outer cavity multi-dimensional sensor 302. The split clamp base 300 extends horizontally and symmetrically to both sides to form ear plates 306. Each ear plate 306 has a bolt locking through hole 307 for inserting locking bolts. The bolts pass through the bolt locking through hole 307 to lock the two sets of split clamp bases 300, thereby realizing the detachable clamp fixation of the monitoring self-test intelligent control component 3 and the cutter shaft.

[0033] The above scheme is adopted: the multi-dimensional sensor 302 installed in the inner cavity is a cutting condition acquisition sensor, specifically adopting a combined sensing structure of piezoelectric cutting force sensor, piezoelectric vibration sensor and acoustic emission sensor, which can capture multi-dimensional physical signals in the cutting process of the tool from all directions. The sensor self-tester 305 adopts a programmable standard excitation module, and selects a general-purpose signal excitation chip as the core component. It has the characteristics of stable signal amplitude, uniform output timing and strong anti-interference ability. It can synchronously output a standard excitation signal with a uniform amplitude to the two sets of multi-dimensional sensor 302 in the inner cavity and outer cavity, providing a stable signal input basis for the integrated self-test and verification of the sensor.

[0034] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, a sealing and vibration damping protection component 4 is assembled between the mating end face of the upper positioning clamp plate 1 and the monitoring self-test intelligent control component 3. The sealing and vibration damping protection component 4 includes an annular sealing and limiting groove 400 opened on the mating end face of the upper positioning clamp plate 1. An arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401 is embedded inside the annular sealing and limiting groove 400. An extension sealing piece 402 is symmetrically fixed to the upper and lower end faces of the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401. The ends of the two sets of split clamp bases 300 facing the upper positioning clamp plate 1 are respectively integrally formed with annular alignment and embedding bosses 403. The annular alignment and embedding bosses 403 are embedded in the annular sealing and limiting groove 400 and are press-fitted with the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401. The extended sealing plate 402 achieves dustproof and waterproof sealing of the assembly surface, while also isolating cutting vibrations from being transmitted from the upper positioning clamp plate 1 to the outer cavity of the split clamp base 300, ensuring the stability of the reference self-test sensor data. The arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401 and the extended sealing plate 402 are made of the same elastic sealing material, and the extended sealing plate 402 extends bidirectionally along the arc-shaped end face of the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401. The annular alignment and embedding boss 403 is an overall annular protruding structure, and the outer contour of the annular alignment and embedding boss 403 matches the inner contour of the annular sealing limiting groove 400, which is used to maintain the integrity of the sealing structure for a long time. The annular layered partition 303 is an overall complete annular sheet structure, and the annular layered partition 303 is made of shock-absorbing material.

[0035] The above scheme is adopted: the ends of the two sets of split clamp bases 300 facing the upper positioning clamp plate 1 are respectively integrally formed with annular alignment and embedding bosses 403. The overall contour of the annular alignment and embedding bosses 403 is precisely matched with the inner contour of the annular sealing and limiting groove 400, which can achieve deviation-free embedding assembly. The annular alignment and embedding bosses 403 are embedded in the annular sealing and limiting groove 400 and are press-fitted with the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401. The tight fit of the press-fit assembly structure can completely seal the assembly gap. Through the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401 and the extended sealing plate 402, the assembly surface is fully dustproof and waterproof, preventing cutting fluid, metal dust, machining debris and other impurities from entering the cavity.

[0036] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, the installation chamber 304 is located in the center of the two sets of multi-dimensional sensor detectors 302 in the inner and outer cavities. The sensor self-tester 305 arranged in the center is used to synchronously transmit the excitation signal to the multi-dimensional sensor detectors 302 in both cavities, avoiding time difference in signal output during the self-test process. The multi-dimensional sensor detectors 302 arranged in the inner cavity include cutting force sensors, vibration sensors and acoustic emission sensors, which are used to collect force, vibration and acoustic emission signals during the tool cutting process in real time. The standard excitation signal output by the sensor self-tester 305 can be applied to the three types of acquisition units of force sensing, vibration sensing and acoustic emission sensing simultaneously.

[0037] The above-mentioned solution involves an external integrated control terminal. This terminal incorporates modules for signal acquisition, data processing and analysis, parameter compensation output, and fault early warning. It establishes stable communication with the multi-dimensional sensor detectors and sensor self-testers of the monitoring and self-testing intelligent control components via shielded signal lines. It collects and stores sensor signals and self-test data in real time. The terminal is equipped with a tool wear algorithm and error calibration logic. Through differential comparison of internal and external cavity sensor data, it eliminates abnormal data caused by drift, loosening, and environmental interference, accurately calculating the actual tool wear and cutting offset. Based on the measured wear data and the machine tool's preset process parameters, the terminal automatically matches a compensation scheme, dynamically fine-tuning the spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut in real time without manual intervention. This effectively compensates for machining deviations caused by tool wear. Simultaneously, the terminal monitors sensor conditions and tool wear status in real time, triggering audible and visual warnings and background alerts when equipment malfunctions or wear exceeds limits. It also retains operation and fault logs, facilitating timely maintenance and tool replacement by staff.

[0038] Working principle and usage process of this invention:

[0039] During the equipment assembly and use phase, the upper positioning clamp plate 1 is first fixedly assembled to the end of the cutter shaft, and the lower cutter head clamp plate 2 is simultaneously fixedly assembled to the end of the cutter head. This ensures that the upper positioning clamp plate 1 and the lower cutter head clamp plate 2 are coaxially and vertically aligned, thus completing the basic installation and positioning of the device. This establishes a stable reference assembly structure for the entire device, ensuring that the overall device structure remains coaxially stable during subsequent high-speed rotation of the cutter head by the cutter shaft, avoiding structural offset, eccentric sway, and other issues that affect monitoring accuracy. After the basic assembly is completed... The monitoring and self-inspection intelligent control component 3 is fitted onto the outer wall of the cutter shaft. Two sets of symmetrically arranged, interlocking, split-type clamp bases 300 surround each other, completely covering the outer wall of the cutter shaft. Simultaneously, the monitoring and self-inspection intelligent control component 3 is assembled with the upper positioning clamp plate 1, completing the precise positioning and fixed installation of the monitoring and self-inspection intelligent control component 3. This ensures the assembly consistency between the monitoring and self-inspection intelligent control component 3, the cutter shaft, and the upper positioning clamp plate 1. Furthermore, the split-type clamp base 300 is internally fixedly arranged with... The annular layered partition 303 is divided into independent double-layer cavity structures. The side closer to the tool axis is the inner cavity, and the side farther from the tool axis is the outer cavity. The cavity partitioning divides the working condition acquisition area and the reference self-test area, achieving physical isolation between the two types of working areas. At the same time, positioning brackets 301 are fixedly installed inside both the inner and outer cavities. Multi-dimensional sensor detectors 302 are rigidly fixedly installed on the surface of each positioning bracket 301. The multi-dimensional sensor detectors 302 arranged in the inner cavity specifically include cutting force sensors, vibration sensors, and acoustic emission sensors. During the cutting operation, the various sensors in the inner cavity can continuously collect force signals, vibration signals, and acoustic emission signals generated by the cutting operation of the tool in real time, thereby obtaining real-time cutting condition and wear status data of the tool. The multi-dimensional sensor detectors 302 arranged inside the outer cavity serve as reference self-test sensors and can form corresponding paired self-test matching structures with the various working condition acquisition sensors in the inner cavity, providing constant and reliable reference data for subsequent sensor fault verification and data calibration.

[0040] During device operation, the annular layered partition 303 adopts a complete annular sheet-like shock-absorbing material structure, which can effectively block and weaken the vibration and stress generated by the internal cavity cutting operation, reduce the transmission of cutting conditions such as vibration, deformation, and temperature to the external cavity, reduce the impact of external interference on the data collected by the reference self-test sensor, and ensure the stability of the external cavity reference data. An installation chamber 304 is centrally located in the middle of the annular layered partition 303, positioned between the two sets of multi-dimensional sensor detectors 302 in the internal and external cavities. A sensor self-tester 305 is fixedly installed inside the installation chamber 304. When the sensor self-tester 305 operates as a standardized excitation module, it can synchronously output a standard excitation signal with uniform amplitude and synchronously and evenly transmit the standard excitation signal to all multi-dimensional sensor detectors 302 in both the internal and external cavities. This effectively avoids the problems of signal transmission time difference and inconsistent excitation intensity that easily occur during the synchronous self-testing of multiple sets of sensors, thereby achieving the control of cutting force and vibration. The system performs synchronous and integrated self-testing and verification of three types of sensing units: acoustic emission, sound emission, and sound emission. It accurately identifies whether the sensors used for collecting data on the working conditions are loose, drifting, or malfunctioning. In the overall assembly and subsequent maintenance process, the split clamp base 300 has symmetrically formed ear plates 306 on both horizontal sides. Workers can insert locking bolts through the bolt locking through holes 307 on the surface of the ear plates 306 to lock the two sets of split clamp bases 300 together. This achieves the detachable clamping and fixing connection between the monitoring self-testing intelligent control component 3 and the cutter shaft. The overall disassembly and assembly operation is simple, without the need to disassemble the cutter shaft and clamp base structure. This can effectively reduce the difficulty of later equipment inspection, component replacement and maintenance. The system calculates the tool wear and cutting offset in real time based on the accurate wear data after verification, and automatically generates corresponding cutting parameter compensation instructions according to the preset machining process parameters. It completes the dynamic intelligent compensation adjustment of speed, feed rate and cutting depth to ensure that the machining dimensions are always within the qualified range.

[0041] To further improve the operational stability and protection performance of the device, a sealing and vibration damping protection component 4 is installed at the docking end face of the upper positioning clamp plate 1 and the monitoring self-testing intelligent control component 3. Specifically, an annular sealing and limiting groove 400 is opened on the docking end face of the upper positioning clamp plate 1, and an arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401 is embedded and fixed inside the annular sealing and limiting groove 400. An extension sealing piece 402 is symmetrically fixed on the upper and lower end faces of the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401, and the extension sealing piece 402 is along the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring. The arc-shaped end face of 401 extends bidirectionally. Simultaneously, the ends of the two sets of split clamp bases 300 facing the upper positioning clamp disc 1 are each integrally formed with annular alignment and embedding bosses 403. The annular alignment and embedding bosses 403 adopt an annular protrusion structure, and their outer contours are adapted to the inner contours of the annular sealing and limiting groove 400. During assembly, the annular alignment and embedding bosses 403 can be precisely embedded into the annular sealing and limiting groove 400, forming a stable interference-fit seal structure with the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401.

[0042] In actual operation, the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring 401 and the extended sealing plate 402 are integrally formed using the same elastic sealing material. They can fully fill various assembly gaps between the annular alignment and embedding boss 403 and the annular sealing limiting groove 400, continuously achieving dustproof and waterproof sealing protection at the device docking position. This prevents cutting fluid, metal dust, and impurities from intruding into the cavity and affecting the sensor's operation. At the same time, the elastic sealing structure can further block residual cutting vibration transmitted by the upper positioning clamp plate 1, preventing vibration from being continuously transmitted to the outer cavity area of ​​the split clamp base 300. This effectively ensures the stable operating environment of the outer cavity reference self-test sensor, continuously improving the sensor's reverse self-test accuracy and the overall accuracy of online tool wear monitoring, providing accurate and reliable data support for subsequent intelligent tool wear compensation operations.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A CNC tool wear online monitoring and intelligent compensation device, comprising an upper positioning clamping plate (1) and a lower tool head clamping plate (2) coaxially and vertically aligned, wherein the upper positioning clamping plate (1) is fixedly mounted on the tool shaft end, and the lower tool head clamping plate (2) is fixedly mounted on the tool head end, characterized in that: Also includes: Monitoring self-test intelligent control component (3) and sealing shock absorption protection component (4); The monitoring and self-testing intelligent control component (3) is fitted onto the outer wall of the cutter shaft and matched with the upper positioning clamp plate (1). The monitoring and self-testing intelligent control component (3) includes two sets of symmetrically interlocking split clamp bases (300). The two sets of split clamp bases (300) together form an annular whole covering the cutter shaft. The interior of the split clamp base (300) is divided by annular layered partitions (303) to form a double-layered independent cavity. The side of the double-layered independent cavity closest to the cutter shaft is... The inner cavity and the side away from the tool axis is the outer cavity. Positioning brackets (301) are fixedly installed inside both the inner and outer cavities. Multidimensional sensor detectors (302) are rigidly fixed on each positioning bracket (301). The multidimensional sensor detector (302) in the inner cavity is a cutting condition acquisition sensor, and the multidimensional sensor detector (302) in the outer cavity is a reference self-test sensor, forming a pair of reverse self-test structures with the multidimensional sensor detector (302) in the inner cavity. The annular layered partition (303) has a through-hole opening in the middle of the installation chamber (304), and a sensor self-tester (305) is fixedly installed inside the installation chamber (304). The sensor self-tester (305) is a standardized excitation module that can simultaneously output a standard excitation signal with a uniform amplitude to the two sets of multi-dimensional sensor detectors (302) in the inner cavity and outer cavity.

2. The online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The split clamp base (300) extends symmetrically to both sides horizontally to form ear plates (306). Each ear plate (306) has a bolt locking through hole (307) for inserting locking bolts. The two sets of split clamp bases (300) are locked by bolts passing through the bolt locking through hole (307) to realize the detachable clamp fixation of the monitoring self-test intelligent control component (3) and the cutter shaft.

3. The online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing and shock-absorbing protective component (4) is assembled between the upper positioning clamp plate (1) and the monitoring self-test intelligent control component (3). The sealing and shock-absorbing protective component (4) includes an annular sealing and limiting groove (400) opened on the docking end face of the upper positioning clamp plate (1). An arc-shaped elastic sealing ring (401) is embedded inside the annular sealing and limiting groove (400). An extension sealing piece (402) is symmetrically fixed on the upper and lower end faces of the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring (401).

4. The online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ends of the two sets of split clamp bases (300) facing the upper positioning clamp disc (1) are respectively integrally formed with annular alignment and embedding bosses (403). The annular alignment and embedding bosses (403) are embedded in the annular sealing and limiting groove (400) and are press-fitted with the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring (401). The dustproof and waterproof sealing of the assembly surface is achieved through the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring (401) and the extended sealing piece (402).

5. The online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arc-shaped elastic sealing ring (401) and the extended sealing sheet (402) are made of the same elastic sealing material, and the extended sealing sheet (402) extends bidirectionally along the arc-shaped end face of the arc-shaped elastic sealing ring (401).

6. The online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular alignment and mounting boss (403) is an overall annular protrusion structure, and the outer contour of the annular alignment and mounting boss (403) is adapted to the inner contour of the annular sealing and limiting groove (400).

7. The online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular layered partition (303) has a complete annular sheet structure and is made of shock-absorbing material.

8. The online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation chamber (304) is located in the middle of the two sets of multi-dimensional sensor detectors (302) in the inner cavity and outer cavity. The sensor self-tester (305) arranged in the middle is used to synchronously transmit the excitation signal to the multi-dimensional sensor detectors (302) in both cavities.

9. The online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multidimensional sensor detector (302) arranged in the inner cavity includes a cutting force sensor, a vibration sensor and an acoustic emission sensor.

10. The online monitoring and intelligent compensation device for CNC tool wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standard excitation signal output by the sensor self-tester (305) can be applied synchronously to the three types of acquisition units: force sensing, vibration sensing, and acoustic emission sensing.

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