A processing tool for integrating a chipper knife

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of processing tooling technical field of cutter, specifically, a kind of integrated processing tooling of scrap cutter, including base, multiple stations are evenly arranged on the base along the length direction, the side of each station is provided with positioning block, the inside of station and positioning block is connected with tool body, the inside of positioning block and station is respectively provided with main clamping slot and vice clamping slot for placing tool body, the position of base top near positioning block is detachably connected with extrusion block, the outside of extrusion block near positioning block side is equipped with elastic block, elastic block is located in the side of positioning block, by main clamping slot and vice clamping slot, cooperate with plane grinding and coordinate grinding to be processed to the reference contact surface of plane degree ≤0.005mm, size tolerance ±0.01mm, the parallelism of each station positioning reference and machine tool alignment reference edge is controlled within 0.01mm, ensure the consistency and repeatability of the positioning reference of all workpieces in the same batch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting tool machining fixtures, and more specifically, to an integrated machining fixture for a material crusher. Background Technology

[0002] The shredder is a bent irregular-shaped structural part with a total length of 43.75mm. It contains multiple sets of composite bevels of 127°, 70.25°, and 135°. The blade width is 2.5mm, and a long waist-shaped mounting groove is set on the back. The overall hardness is 53±1HRC. It belongs to high-hardness irregular-shaped precision cutting tools with stringent machining accuracy requirements.

[0003] According to existing technology, the existing shredder is an irregularly shaped bent component with a structure containing an oblique cutting edge, an elongated mounting groove, and multiple sets of angled bevels. The processing requires multiple steps and multiple clamping operations. The three-axis roughing and four-axis angle finishing cannot share the same positioning reference. A single machine can only clamp one workpiece at a time. The three-axis roughing takes 12 minutes per piece, and the four-axis angle finishing takes 18 minutes per piece. Batch production requires frequent loading and unloading and workpiece correction. The production capacity is less than 60 pieces in 8 hours. At the same time, the irregularly shaped bent structure has no reliable clamping points. The flat-jaw vise clamping is prone to squeezing the thin-walled cutting edge area of ​​the workpiece, which will cause deformation and chipping and scrapping problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an integrated machining fixture for milling cutters. Through a main and secondary chuck slot, and a reference contact surface precision-machined to a flatness of ≤0.005mm and a dimensional tolerance of ±0.01mm by surface grinding and coordinate grinding, the parallelism between the positioning reference of each station and the machine tool alignment reference edge is controlled within 0.01mm. This ensures the consistency and repeatability of the positioning reference of all workpieces within the same batch. The clearance groove at the bottom of the station provides interference-free space for the milling cutter's movement, while the chip removal channel promptly removes machining chips, preventing chip accumulation under the workpiece that could cause height errors or scratches on the cutting edge. This solves the problems mentioned in the background art: frequent loading and unloading and workpiece calibration are required for batch production, resulting in a production capacity of less than 60 pieces in 8 hours; the irregular bending structure lacks reliable clamping points; and the use of flat-jaw vises to clamp the thin-walled cutting edge area of ​​the workpiece can lead to deformation and chipping, resulting in scrap.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the integrated processing fixture for shredders includes a base, on which multiple workstations are evenly arranged along the length direction. Each workstation has a positioning block on one side, and a blade body is engaged with the workstation and the positioning block. The positioning block and the work station are respectively provided with a main slot and a secondary slot for placing the cutter body. A pressing block is detachably connected to the top of the base near the positioning block. An elastic block is sleeved on the outside of the pressing block near the positioning block. The elastic block is located on one side of the positioning block. The pressing block and the elastic block work together to press against the thick-walled end of the cutter body and avoid the thin-edged cutting area of ​​the cutter body.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the elastic block has a storage groove inside, the extrusion block is inserted and connected to the elastic block through the storage groove, the base has multiple positioning holes inside, and the extrusion block and the positioning holes are equipped with locking bolts.

[0007] Secondly, clamping blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the base near both sides of the extrusion block. The two elastic blocks and the two clamping blocks are inserted and matched. The cross-section of the main slot forms an L-shaped structure, and the inner wall of the main slot is adapted to the shape of the crushing knife to achieve a close fit and positioning.

[0008] Furthermore, based on the above, an avoidance groove is provided inside the workstation near the bottom of the cutter body. The avoidance groove is used to avoid the thin-edged area of ​​the cutter body during milling. The bottom of the avoidance groove is connected to a chip removal channel to discharge the iron chips generated during processing.

[0009] Meanwhile, all reference contact surfaces of the main and auxiliary slots are precision machined by surface grinding and coordinate grinding, with a reference surface flatness of ≤0.005mm and a slot size tolerance controlled within ±0.01mm. Multiple workstations are arranged in an equidistant array along the length of the base for batch processing of multiple tool bodies simultaneously. The vertical cross-section of the extrusion block forms an inverted trapezoidal structure. When the locking bolt is tightened, the inverted trapezoidal slope of the extrusion block will continuously push the elastic block, causing the elastic block to be squeezed against one side of the positioning block to limit the position of the positioning block.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this integrated machining fixture for chippers, the main and auxiliary chucks, along with reference contact surfaces precision-machined to a flatness ≤0.005mm and a dimensional tolerance ±0.01mm by surface grinding and coordinate grinding, ensure that the parallelism between the positioning reference of each station and the machine tool alignment reference edge is controlled within 0.01mm. This guarantees the consistency and repeatability of the positioning reference for all workpieces within the same batch. The clearance groove at the bottom of the station provides interference-free space for the milling cutter's movement, while the chip removal channel promptly removes machining chips, preventing chip accumulation under the workpiece that could cause height errors or scratch the cutting edge. The workstations are arranged in an equidistant array along the length of the base, allowing multiple scrap cutters to be processed simultaneously in a single clamping. This reduces the frequency of machine downtime and part change operations, effectively increasing the processing output per unit time. The clamping mechanism is located at the thick-walled end of the workpiece and avoids the thin-edged cutting area. In conjunction with the inverted trapezoidal slope of the extrusion block, it generates a continuous lateral thrust on the elastic block during locking, compensating for minor dimensional deviations in the thickness direction of the blank. At the same time, it prevents the positioning block from shifting due to processing vibration, thereby maintaining a stable clamping state at each workstation during continuous batch production and reducing the risk of abnormal stress on thin-walled areas caused by improper clamping. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the base structure in this invention; Figure 3 In this invention Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the base structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the indexing plate in this invention; Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the indexing plate structure in this invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the indexing plate structure in this invention.

[0012] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Base; 2. Workstation; 3. Positioning block; 4. Tool body; 5. Main slot; 6. Extrusion block; 7. Elastic block; 8. Storage slot; 9. Clearance groove; 10. Positioning hole; 11. Clamping block; 12. Secondary slot; 13. Indexing plate; 14. Limiting block; 15. Mounting hole; 16. Connecting flange; 17. Conformal groove. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0014] Because mass production requires frequent loading and unloading and workpiece calibration, the production capacity is less than 60 pieces in 8 hours. At the same time, the irregular bending structure has no reliable clamping points, and the flat-jaw pliers are prone to squeezing the thin-walled cutting edge area of ​​the workpiece, which will cause deformation and chipping and scrapping problems.

[0015] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an integrated machining fixture for a shredder, Embodiment 1; see reference. Figure 1 - Figure 4As shown, the system includes a base 1 with multiple workstations 2 evenly arranged along its length. Each workstation 2 has a positioning block 3 on one side. A tool body 4 is engaged inside the workstation 2 and the positioning block 3. The positioning block 3 and the workstation 2 are respectively provided with a main slot 5 and a secondary slot 12 for placing the tool body 4. The cross-section of the main slot 5 forms an L-shaped structure, and the inner wall of the main slot 5 is adapted to the shape of the cutting tool to achieve a close fit and positioning. All reference contact surfaces of the main slot 5 and the secondary slot 12 are precision machined by surface grinding and coordinate grinding, with a reference surface flatness of 0.005mm and a slot size tolerance controlled within ±0.01mm. This ensures that the parallelism between the positioning reference of each workstation 2 and the machine tool alignment reference edge is stable within 0.01mm, so that the positioning reference of all workpieces in the same batch is consistent, avoiding dimensional dispersion caused by inconsistent references.

[0016] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, a pressing block 6 is detachably connected to the top of the base 1 near the positioning block 3. An elastic block 7 is fitted on the outer side of the pressing block 6 near the positioning block 3. The elastic block 7 is located on one side of the positioning block 3. The pressing block 6 and the elastic block 7 work together to press against the thick-walled end of the blade 4 and avoid the thin-edged cutting area of ​​the blade 4. A storage groove 8 is provided inside the elastic block 7. The pressing block 6 and the elastic block 7 are inserted and engaged through the storage groove 8. Multiple positioning holes 10 are provided inside the base 1. Locking bolts are provided inside the pressing block 6 and the positioning holes 10. Clamping blocks 11 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the base 1 near the pressing block 6. Two elastic blocks 7 and two The clamping block 11 is inserted and engaged. The vertical cross section of the extrusion block 6 forms an inverted trapezoidal structure. When the locking bolt is tightened, the inverted trapezoidal slope of the extrusion block 6 continuously pushes the elastic block 7, causing the elastic block 7 to be pressed against one side of the positioning block 3 to limit the position of the positioning block 3. The entire structure compensates for the small dimensional deviations in the thickness direction of the blank and prevents the positioning block 3 from shifting due to processing vibration. Thus, the clamping state of each station 2 is kept stable during continuous batch production. Since the clamping mechanism is located at the thick-walled end of the workpiece and avoids the thin-edged cutting area, it will not squeeze or bump the pre-formed cutting edge during clamping, reducing the risk of chipping or crushing caused by abnormal force on the thin-walled area.

[0017] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4As shown, a clearance groove 9 is provided inside the station 2 near the bottom of the cutter body 4. The clearance groove 9 is used to avoid the thin-edged area of ​​the cutter body 4 during milling. The bottom of the clearance groove 9 is connected to a chip removal channel to discharge the iron chips generated during processing. The clearance groove 9 provides sufficient interference-free space when the tool moves, and at the same time, the chip removal channel promptly discharges chips and coolant, preventing iron chips from accumulating under the workpiece and causing height errors or scratching the machined surface. Multiple stations 2 are arranged in an equidistant array along the length of the base 1 for batch processing of multiple cutter bodies 4 in a single synchronous clamping, reducing the frequency of machine tool downtime for changing parts. In mass production, it can effectively shorten the time occupied by each workpiece, and provide subsequent processes with dimensionally stable, well-preserved, and consistent semi-finished workpieces.

[0018] Working principle of the invention: During operation, the fixture is installed on the worktable of the three-axis machining center. The base 1 is locked and fixed to the machine tool worktable with bolts. The alignment is completed once by the unified reference alignment edge on the side of the base 1. Then, multiple tool bodies 4 are placed into each station 2 in sequence, so that the bending reference surface of the tool body 4 fits the L-shaped inner wall of the main slot 5, and the lower end face of the waist-shaped groove on the back of the tool body 4 falls into the secondary slot 12, thus completing the double reference positioning of the workpiece.

[0019] Tighten the locking bolts corresponding to each station 2. The pressing block 6 moves along the locking direction. Its inverted trapezoidal inclined surface continuously pushes the inner wall of the elastic block 7 during the bolt tightening process, causing the elastic block 7 to expand radially or move laterally. After being pushed, the elastic block 7 presses against the side wall of the positioning block 3. The positioning block 3 then presses the thick-walled end of the blade body 4 into the main slot 5. At the same time, the elastic block 7 is limited by the clamping block 11 to prevent deflection. At this time, the thin-blade area of ​​the blade body 4 is suspended above the clearance groove 9. The clamping force is fully applied to the thick-walled end, and the thin-blade part is not subject to any clamping force.

[0020] The three-axis milling cutter sequentially performs reference plane milling, waist-shaped mounting groove machining, and external chamfering on the cutter body 4 at each station 2. The milling cutter's tool path passes through the avoidance groove 9 area without interference. The iron chips and coolant generated during machining are discharged along the chip removal channel at the bottom of the avoidance groove 9 and will not accumulate inside the station 2.

[0021] After rough machining is completed, the locking bolts are loosened, the elastic block 7 is reset, the positioning block 3 releases the clamping of the tool body 4, and all the tool bodies 4 are taken out from station 2 and transferred to the four-axis process. During the entire clamping and machining process, there is no need to align each workpiece individually. All station 2 are processed synchronously in one clamping. After unloading, the next batch of blanks can be loaded to start the next machining cycle.

[0022] Example 2; see below Figure 5 - Figure 7Based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution including an indexing plate 13, a connecting flange 16 fixedly provided at the bottom of the indexing plate 13, and a plurality of mounting holes 15 for fixing to the rotary table of a four-axis machine tool on the plate body of the indexing plate 13. A plurality of sets of limiting blocks 14 are evenly fixed along the circumference of the top surface of the indexing plate 13. A conforming groove 17 is provided at one end of each set of limiting blocks 14 away from the plate surface of the indexing plate 13. The material cutting blade body 4 is positioned by engaging with the limiting block 14 through the conforming groove 17. The internal profile of the conforming groove 17 is completely consistent with the reference structure of the main slot 5 and the secondary slot 12 in the three-axis long strip tooling, so as to realize the uniformity of the reference of the three-axis roughing and four-axis finishing processes of the material cutting blade. The limiting block 14 is a detachable structure and is fixed to the top surface of the indexing plate 13 by bolts. Multiple sets of standard angle positioning surfaces of 127°, 70.25°, 48° and 135° are pre-machined on the limiting block 14 to match all the composite inclined surface machining angles of the material cutting blade.

[0023] See again Figure 5 - Figure 7 The indexing plate 13 is a circular plate with an outer diameter of 320mm. Eight sets of limiting blocks 14 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the plate surface, with an included angle of 45° between the centers of adjacent sets of limiting blocks 14. This design is suitable for 360° indexing machining on a four-axis rotary table. A connecting flange 16 is located at the center of the bottom surface of the indexing plate 13, with a central through hole and bolt holes on its end face. The flange is secured to the end face of the four-axis machine tool rotary table with bolts. All reference contact surfaces of the conformal groove 17 are precision machined using surface grinding and coordinate grinding, with a flatness ≤0.005mm. The internal dimensional tolerance of the conformal groove 17 is controlled within ±0.01mm, maintaining consistency with the machining accuracy of the three-axis tooling slot. Each set of limiting blocks 14 is equipped with an upper pressure plate clamping mechanism. The clamping force is applied only to the thick-walled mounting end of the shredder, completely avoiding the 2.5mm thin-edged cutting area of ​​the shredder, thus preventing edge damage and chipping during machining. See Figure 5 - Figure 7 The indexing plate 13 has an annular chip removal groove inside, allowing the iron chips and coolant generated during machining to be discharged outward along the chip removal structure. A reference calibration pin is set at the center of the indexing plate 13. When the shredder is transferred and clamped, the long waist-shaped mounting groove on its back cooperates with the reference calibration pin. A single clamping can simultaneously complete the 4-position clamping of 8 shredder bodies. In conjunction with the four-axis indexing system, it can simultaneously complete the finishing of multiple workpieces with multi-angle inclined surfaces and thin-edged areas. The conformal groove 17 has an L-shaped conformal structure in cross-section, and its inner wall completely fits the bending shape of the shredder. The right-angled surface of the shredder bending and the lower end face of the waist-shaped groove serve as dual positioning references to restrict the movement of the workpiece in the X, Y, and Z directions. The connecting flange 16 is integrally formed with the indexing plate 13, and the flatness of the flange end face is ≤0.008mm, ensuring that the plate surface of the indexing plate 13 is parallel to the end face of the machine tool turntable after assembly, eliminating the deviation of the indexing machining angle.

[0024] Working principle of the invention: During operation, the flange 16 is locked to the machine tool turntable end face through the bolt holes on the end face of the flange. The flatness of the flange end face is 0.007mm, ensuring that the indexing plate 13 is parallel to the turntable end face, eliminating the angular deviation caused by the assembly tilt. After the material cutter completes roughing in the three-axis process, it uses the long waist-shaped mounting groove on the back as a reference and cooperates with the reference calibration pin at the center of the indexing plate 13 to quickly complete the workpiece alignment without the need for dial indicator recalibration.

[0025] Eight shredders are placed sequentially into eight sets of locating blocks 14 evenly distributed around the circumference of the disc. The conformal groove 17 on the locating block 14 has an L-shaped cross-section, and its inner wall completely conforms to the bending shape of the shredder. The right-angled bending surface and the lower end face of the waist-shaped groove serve as dual positioning references to restrict the movement of the workpiece in the X, Y, and Z directions. The internal surface of the conformal groove 17 is completely consistent with the reference structure of the main locating groove 5 and the secondary locating groove 12 in the three-axis long strip tooling. The machining accuracy is the same: flatness 0.005mm and dimensional tolerance controlled within ±0.01mm. Therefore, when the workpiece is transferred from the three-axis tooling to the four-axis tooling, the positioning references coincide, and there is no need to readjust the coordinate system.

[0026] After the workpiece is loaded into the conformal groove 17, the upper pressure plate clamping mechanism of each set of limit blocks 14 clamps and fixes the workpiece. The clamping force is only applied to the thick-walled mounting end of the shredder, avoiding the 2.5mm wide thin-blade cutting area, and preventing the cutting edge from being crushed or chipped during the finishing process. The limit block 14 has four sets of standard angle positioning surfaces of 127°, 70.25°, 48° and 135°, which correspond to all the composite inclined surface machining angles in the shredder drawing.

[0027] After the workpiece is clamped with the indexing plate 13, the four-axis rotary table drives the indexing plate 13 to rotate at a preset angle, so that the corresponding inclined surfaces face the spindle direction one by one. In conjunction with the four-axis indexing system of the machine tool, the precision machining of the inclined surfaces at various angles and the thin cutting edge in the free cutting area is completed. Since the center angle between the two adjacent sets of limit blocks 14 is 45° and the four-axis rotary table supports 360° full-range indexing, the indexing plate 13 can stop at any angle position without the need to add additional angle shims or perform manual correction. The iron chips and coolant generated during the machining process are discharged outward along the annular chip removal groove inside the indexing plate 13, so as to avoid the accumulation of chips between the positioning surface and the workpiece and affect the positioning accuracy. After all eight workpieces are clamped and the indexing plate 13 completes the precision machining of multiple sets of composite inclined surfaces and cutting edge dimensions in one clamping, the upper pressure plate is released and the workpieces are taken out and transferred to the subsequent heat treatment process.

[0028] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated machining fixture for shredders, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: Multiple workstations (2) are evenly arranged along the length direction on the base (1). Each workstation (2) has a positioning block (3) on one side. The workstation (2) and the positioning block (3) are fitted with a blade (4). The positioning block (3) and the work station (2) are respectively provided with a main slot (5) and a secondary slot (12) for placing the blade (4). The top of the base (1) is detachably connected to a pressing block (6) near the positioning block (3). An elastic block (7) is sleeved on the outside of the pressing block (6) near the positioning block (3). The elastic block (7) is located on one side of the positioning block (3). The pressing block (6) cooperates with the elastic block (7) to press against the thick-walled end of the blade (4) and avoid the thin-edged cutting area of ​​the blade (4).

2. The integrated machining fixture for shredders according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic block (7) has a storage groove (8) inside, and the compression block (6) is connected to the elastic block (7) through the storage groove (8).

3. The integrated machining fixture for shredders according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) has multiple positioning holes (10) inside, and the pressing block (6) and the positioning holes (10) are provided with locking bolts.

4. The integrated machining fixture for shredders according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is fixedly connected to clamping blocks (11) on both sides of the top of the base (1) near the compression block (6), and the two elastic blocks (7) and the two clamping blocks (11) are inserted into each other.

5. The integrated machining fixture for shredders according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the main slot (5) forms an L-shaped structure, and the inner wall of the main slot (5) is adapted to the shape of the crushing knife to achieve a close fit and positioning.

6. The integrated machining fixture for shredders according to claim 1, characterized in that: The work station (2) has an avoidance groove (9) located near the bottom of the cutter body (4). The avoidance groove (9) is used to avoid the thin-edged area of ​​the cutter body (4) during milling.

7. The integrated machining fixture for shredders according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the clearance groove (9) is connected to a chip removal channel for discharging iron chips generated during processing.

8. The integrated machining fixture for shredders according to claim 1, characterized in that: All reference contact surfaces of the main slot (5) and the secondary slot (12) are precision machined by surface grinding and coordinate grinding, with the flatness of the reference surface ≤0.005mm and the dimensional tolerance of the slot controlled within ±0.01mm.

9. The integrated machining fixture for shredders according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple workstations (2) are arranged in an equidistant array along the length of the base (1) for batch processing of multiple tool bodies (4) in a single synchronous clamping.

10. The integrated machining fixture for shredders according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical cross section of the extrusion block (6) forms an inverted trapezoidal structure. When the locking bolt is tightened, the inverted trapezoidal slope of the extrusion block (6) will continuously push the elastic block (7), causing the elastic block (7) to be squeezed on one side of the positioning block (3) to limit the position of the positioning block (3).

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