A bearing ring precision machining device and machining process

Abstract

The application discloses a bearing ring precision machining device and machining process, which comprises a grinding machine, a grinding wheel and a clamping assembly. The grinding wheel is driven by a motor and cooperates with an electric push rod to perform micro-grinding on the rotary surface of the ring. The clamping assembly comprises four rubber clamping blocks and rubber tubes arranged at equal angles. Four clamping units are driven in parallel by the same air source, and the bracket allows the ring to have a radial micro-float, so that the ring is automatically aligned under the balanced radial force. The suction end of the rubber tube is exposed to the rubber clamping block and is first attached to the inner circumferential surface of the ring to form a closed space. Then, the compensation stroke of the elastic compression of the rubber clamping block drives the auxiliary piston to expand the volume of the negative pressure working chamber, so as to form negative pressure auxiliary adsorption. Through the composite limiting of flexible clamping and negative pressure adsorption, the clamping deformation of the thin-walled ring is reduced, and the sliding, lost rotation and deviation in the grinding process are inhibited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of bearing processing equipment, specifically, it relates to a precision machining device and processing technology for bearing rings. Background Technology

[0002] Bearing rings are the inner and outer rings of rolling bearings, and are core components that determine the bearing's precision and lifespan. Precision machining equipment for bearing rings is a specialized set of machinery that performs turning, heat treatment, grinding, ultra-precision grinding, and inspection on the inner and outer rings of bearings, processing the blanks into high-precision bearing rings. After heat treatment, bearing rings need to be ground on precision grinding machines to complete the grinding of rotating surfaces such as the inner circle, raceway, and outer circle. The rings have thin walls and weak structural rigidity, requiring extremely high clamping precision and clamping force compatibility.

[0003] Currently, the clamping structures used in the grinding of bearing rings are mostly rigid jaw structures. However, there are significant contradictions in clamping compatibility during actual processing. It is difficult to balance anti-deformation and clamping stability. Furthermore, the clamping force of traditional rigid clamping structures is concentrated, making it difficult to control the clamping force. When the clamping force is too large, it is easy to cause thin-walled bearing rings to be compressed and undergo elastic deformation. The workpiece is ground in a deformed state. After the clamp is removed, the ring springs back, resulting in out-of-tolerance roundness and contour accuracy, which seriously affects the processing accuracy. On the other hand, when the clamping force is deliberately reduced to avoid ring deformation, the clamping friction is insufficient and cannot offset the cutting force and equipment vibration during the grinding process. This can easily lead to problems such as ring slippage, loss of rotation, and positional displacement, resulting in grinding defects and extremely poor processing stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a precision machining device for bearing rings, comprising: a grinding machine; a grinding wheel, which is mounted on the grinding machine and is driven by a motor to rotate at high speed and, in conjunction with an electric push rod, performs precise feed motion along the rotating surface of the bearing ring to perform micro-cutting, gradually removing residual tool marks from machining, heat treatment oxide layer, and deformation errors, thereby achieving fine correction of the ring size, roundness, and contour accuracy; and a clamping assembly, which is mounted on the grinding machine and includes a rubber clamping block and a rubber clamping mechanism. The rubber hose has four rubber clamping blocks arranged at equal angles along the same circumference and driven radially outward by the same air source. The bearing ring is automatically aligned by a balanced radial clamping force within the allowable radial slight fluctuation range of the bracket. The adsorption end of the rubber hose is exposed from the clamping surface of the rubber clamping block. After the adsorption end is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the bearing ring to form a sealed space, the auxiliary piston is driven to expand the volume of the negative pressure working chamber by the compensation stroke formed by the continued elastic compression of the clamping block, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the rubber hose, thereby forming a self-centering flexible clamping and negative pressure auxiliary limiting.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamping assembly includes: a base, which is detachably mounted on a grinding machine by screws, and has an annular track on the base, and a dust removal assembly on the base; a cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the base, and has several air holes on the cylinder; a bracket, which is fixedly connected to the base, and has a motor fixedly connected to the bracket; a gear, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor by a coupling, and is placed inside the annular track; a gear ring, which is rotatably mounted inside the annular track, and has four rods fixedly connected to the gear ring, wherein the gear ring meshes with the gear; and an air pump, which is placed inside the cylinder. The air pump is fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder; the air supply circuit of the air pump is equipped with an inlet / outlet switching device with an air supply position and an exhaust position. The inlet / outlet switching device can be a conventional two-position three-way valve and is not shown separately in the attached drawings; a rotary pneumatic connector, whose fixed input end is connected to the air pump's air supply circuit and whose rotary output end is connected to four air supply pipes; four main cylinders, each fixed to one of the four rods, each with a slidingly mounted main piston, which is composed of a round rod and a piston plate; the four main cylinders are arranged radially at equal angles along the center of the gear ring, the four piston plates have the same effective pressure-bearing area, and the inner diameter and effective length of the four air supply pipes are... The four springs are identical in specifications and preload; four hollow plates are fixedly connected to the round rods of the four main piston components, and multiple rubber tubes are fixedly connected to each of the four hollow plates; the inner cavities of the hollow plates are connected to the corresponding multiple rubber tubes; four rubber clamping blocks are fixedly connected to the four hollow plates; the rubber clamping blocks are provided with through holes for the suction ends of the rubber tubes to pass through, the suction ends protrude outward relative to the clamping surface, and the protrusion is less than the allowable allowable value of the rubber clamping block. Elastic compression; four auxiliary cylinders, each fixedly connected to one of four rods, with auxiliary pistons slidably installed inside each of the four auxiliary cylinders, and air supply pipes fixedly connected to each of the four auxiliary cylinders. Each auxiliary piston is composed of a round rod and a piston plate. The round rods of the four auxiliary pistons are fixedly connected to four hollow plates. One end of each air supply pipe is connected to the rodless cavity of the corresponding auxiliary cylinder away from the protruding end of the round rod, and the other end is connected to the inner cavity of the corresponding hollow plate. The maximum outward stroke of the main piston is greater than the stroke required for the rubber tube adsorption end to move from the initial position to the inner circumferential surface of the bearing ring, so that after the adsorption end is sealed, it still retains a compensating stroke for forming negative pressure.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a protective cover is fixedly attached to the base, wherein the protective cover covers the gear and the gear ring.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, rubber columns are fixedly connected to each of the four main cylinders, wherein the rubber columns are placed between the main cylinder and the hollow plate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the four rods is provided with a socket, and a bracket is slidably connected to the inner wall of each of the four sockets. The bracket is inserted into the socket and fixed by bolts. The bracket only provides axial support for the bearing ring and allows the bearing ring to undergo a slight radial displacement before clamping, so as to cooperate with the four equal-angle clamping units to complete the force self-centering.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the four brackets is fixedly connected to a base rod, wherein the surface of the base rod is higher than the surface of the bracket.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust removal assembly includes: a dust collection hood, which is fixedly connected to the base via a support rod, wherein the dust collection hood is sleeved on four rods and positioned between the rods and the bracket; a rectangular cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the support rod, and a storage box is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cylinder; and a material pipe, whose two ends are fixedly connected to the dust collection hood and the rectangular cylinder respectively, and a pump is provided on the material pipe.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a perforated plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collection hood, wherein a plurality of holes on the perforated plate are connected to the inner wall of the dust collection hood.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a filter plate is fixedly connected to the storage box, wherein the filter holes of the filter plate are in communication with the inner wall of the storage box.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the processing technology of a precision machining device for bearing rings includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the bearing ring to be ground on the four brackets, so that the four rubber clamping blocks and multiple rubber tubes are all placed in the inner center area of ​​the bearing ring. Step 2: The air pump enters the clamping and air supply state, and the same air source simultaneously pushes the four main piston components to extend radially outward; the bearing ring is automatically aligned by the balanced radial force of the four equal-angle clamping units within the radial slight fluctuation range allowed by the bracket; the suction end of the rubber tube first fits against the inner circumferential surface of the bearing ring to form a sealed space, and then the main piston components continue to complete the reserved negative pressure forming stroke, the rubber clamping block generates elastic compression, and at the same time the auxiliary piston components move to increase the volume of the rodless cavity of the auxiliary cylinder, thereby drawing gas from the hollow plate and the rubber tube to form negative pressure, completing flexible clamping and negative pressure assisted fixation; Step 3: After clamping and centering are completed, the motor drives the gear to rotate the gear ring. The gear ring drives the bearing rings held by the four rubber clamping blocks to rotate synchronously, so that the bearing rings rotate steadily and uniformly around the central axis after clamping and centering. Step 4: The motor drives the grinding wheel to rotate at high speed and uses an electric push rod to precisely feed towards the rotating surface of the bearing ring. Through the micro-cutting action of the grinding wheel abrasive grains, the machining allowance, oxide layer and machining lines on the surface of the bearing ring are removed, completing the precision grinding operation of the outer circle of the ring and the rotating surfaces such as the raceway located on the outer circumference of the ring that can be approached by the external grinding wheel. Step 5: During the grinding process, the pump generates suction inside the dust collection hood to extract grinding chips, particles, and suspended impurities and transport them to the storage box for storage, ensuring a clean working environment. Step 6: During the grinding process, the cooling system inside the grinding machine continuously sprays cutting fluid to remove the high temperature of grinding in time and prevent the bearing ring surface from burning and thermal deformation. Step 7: After the grinding process is completed, switch the air supply circuit of the air pump to the depressurization and exhaust state to release the clamping air pressure in the main cylinder. The spring pushes the main piston and the hollow plate to retract. When the hollow plate retracts, it drives the auxiliary piston to move in the opposite direction and compresses the gas in the rodless cavity of the auxiliary cylinder, so that the negative pressure in the rubber tube is released and the adsorption end is separated from the inner circumference of the bearing ring. Then, the finished bearing ring is removed, and all mechanisms are reset to complete the single grinding process.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention achieves circumferential flexible clamping through the elastic deformation of rubber clamping blocks, evenly distributing the clamping force across the bearing ring surface, avoiding stress concentration during rigid clamping, and significantly reducing the risk of compression deformation of thin-walled bearing rings. The four clamping units are arranged at equal angles, with parallel air supply from the same source and consistent effective pressure conditions, and combined with the radial micro-floating space provided by the bracket, enabling the ring to automatically align under balanced radial force in the initial clamping stage. The rubber tube adsorption end first adheres to the inner circumferential surface to form a sealed space, and then the elastic compression margin of the clamping blocks forms the subsequent air extraction stroke, ensuring a clear sequence of sealing followed by air extraction during the negative pressure formation process. Thus, through the dual limitation of flexible clamping and negative pressure adsorption, problems such as slippage, loss of rotation, and displacement of the ring caused by cutting forces and vibration interference during grinding are effectively prevented, while also ensuring anti-deformation, coaxial centering, and clamping stability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the base of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cylinder of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the base of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rod member of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the main cylinder of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the dust collection hood of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 100, grinding machine; 200, grinding wheel; 300, clamping assembly; 301, base; 302, circular track; 303, cylinder; 304, bracket; 305, motor; 306, gear; 307, protective cover; 308, gear ring; 309, rod; 310, socket; 311, bracket; 312, bolt; 313, base rod; 314, air pump; 315, rotary pneumatic joint; 316, air supply pipe; 317 318. Main cylinder; 319. Main piston component; 320. Spring; 321. Hollow plate; 322. Rubber clamping block; 323. Rubber tube; 324. Auxiliary cylinder; 325. Auxiliary piston component; 326. Air supply pipe; 327. Rubber column; 400. Dust removal assembly; 401. Support rod; 402. Dust collection hood; 403. Material pipe; 404. Pump; 405. Rectangular cylinder; 406. Storage box; 407. Filter plate; 408. Perforated plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0018] Reference Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment discloses a precision machining device for bearing rings, including: a grinding machine 100; a grinding wheel 200, which is mounted on the grinding machine 100 and rotates at high speed driven by a motor, and performs precise feed motion along the rotating surface of the bearing ring to perform micro-cutting, gradually removing residual tool marks from machining, oxide layers from heat treatment, and deformation errors, thereby achieving fine correction of the ring's size, roundness, and contour accuracy; and a clamping assembly 300, which is mounted on the grinding machine. The 100 includes a rubber clamping block 321 and a rubber tube 322. The four rubber clamping blocks 321 are arranged at equal angles along the same circumference and expand radially outward under the action of the same air source. The adsorption end of the rubber tube 322 is exposed through the clamping surface of the rubber clamping block 321. The collar completes radial micro-alignment under the action of balanced clamping force in four directions. After the adsorption end fits into the inner circumferential surface of the collar to form a sealed space, negative pressure is established by subsequent compensation stroke, thereby forming a composite limiting that combines flexible clamping and negative pressure adsorption.

[0019] Reference Figure 3-8 As shown, this embodiment discloses a clamping assembly 300 comprising: a base 301 detachably mounted on a grinding machine 100 by fasteners such as screws; a circular track 302 provided on the base 301 and a dust removal assembly 400 provided thereon; a cylinder 303 fixedly connected to the base 301, and a plurality of air holes provided on the cylinder 303; a bracket 304 fixedly connected to the base 301, and a motor 305 fixedly connected to the bracket 304; a gear 306 fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 305 via a coupling and placed within the circular track 302; and a gear ring 308 rotatably mounted within the circular track 302 and meshing with the gear 306, and four rods 309 distributed at equal angles fixedly connected to the gear ring 308. An air pump 314 is placed inside a cylinder 303. The air supply circuit of the air pump 314 is connected to the fixed input end of a rotary pneumatic connector 315 via an inlet / outlet switching device with an air supply position and an exhaust position. The rotary output end of the rotary pneumatic connector 315 is connected to four main cylinders 317 via four air supply pipes 316 with the same inner diameter and effective length. The four main cylinders 317 are arranged at equal angles along the radial direction of the center of the toothed ring 308. The effective pressure-bearing area of ​​the main piston component 318 inside them is the same, and the specifications and preload of the four springs 319 are the same. The round rod 31801 of each main piston component 318 is fixedly connected to the corresponding hollow plate 320. The inner cavity of the hollow plate 320 is connected to multiple rubber tubes 322. A rubber clamping block 321 is fixedly connected to the hollow plate 320. The suction end of the rubber tube 322 passes through the rubber clamping block 321 and protrudes slightly outward relative to the clamping surface. The outward protrusion is less than the allowable elastic compression of the rubber clamping block 321. Each auxiliary cylinder 323 is fixed to a corresponding rod 309. The round rod 32401 of the auxiliary piston 324 is fixedly connected to the corresponding hollow plate 320. One end of the gas delivery pipe 325 is connected to the rodless cavity of the auxiliary cylinder 323 away from the protruding end of the round rod, and the other end is connected to the inner cavity of the hollow plate 320. The main piston 318 is provided with an outward stroke margin greater than the displacement required for the adsorption end to reach the inner circumferential surface of the collar. Therefore, the adsorption end first fits and seals against the inner circumferential surface of the collar. During the compensation stroke of the main piston 318 continuing to extend outward, the rubber clamping block 321 undergoes elastic compression. The hollow plate 320 continues to move outward and drives the auxiliary piston 324 to move in the direction of the protruding round rod, thereby increasing the volume of the rodless cavity of the auxiliary cylinder 323, thereby drawing gas from the gas delivery pipe 325, the hollow plate 320 and the rubber tube 322 and establishing a negative pressure. The four main cylinders 317 are supplied with air from the same air source in parallel. The bracket 311 provides axial support for the collar while allowing a slight radial float. This allows the first contact side to push the collar to produce a slight alignment displacement until the forces in the four clamping directions become balanced. This makes the center of the collar and the rotation center of the toothed ring 308 tend to be consistent.

[0020] Reference Figure 4-7As shown, this embodiment discloses a protective cover 307 fixedly attached to the base 301. The protective cover 307 covers the gear 306 and the gear ring 308. By setting the protective cover 307, external dust and debris can be intercepted, preventing them from entering the meshing point of the gear 306 and the gear ring 308 and causing jamming at the meshing point, thus preventing normal transmission. Rubber pillars 326 are fixedly attached to each of the four main cylinders 317. The rubber pillars 326 are placed between the main cylinders 317 and the hollow plate 320. By setting the rubber pillars 326, the hollow plate 320 can be blocked during the reset process, preventing it from contacting the main cylinders 317 after being blocked, thus reducing the wear between the two and affecting the service life.

[0021] Reference Figure 5-6 As shown, this embodiment discloses that each of the four rods 309 has an insertion hole 310, and each of the four insertion holes 310 has a bracket 311 slidably connected to its inner wall. The bracket 311 is inserted into the insertion hole 310 and fixed by bolts 312. By setting the bracket, the bearing ring can be placed on the bracket 311 for temporary support and axial height positioning of the bearing ring, so that the bearing ring and the rubber clamping block 321 are kept at the same horizontal height for convenient clamping. The bracket 311 does not rigidly radially lock the bearing ring, so that the bearing ring can generate a small radial displacement for self-centering in the initial stage of four-way clamping. Each of the four brackets 311 is fixedly connected to a base rod 313, the surface of the base rod 313 is higher than the surface of the bracket 311. By setting the base rod 313, the bearing ring placed on the bracket 311 can be auxiliaryly supported, so that the bearing ring does not fit with the bracket 311, and the two have a height difference, which facilitates the subsequent grinding of the bearing ring by the grinding wheel 200.

[0022] Reference Figure 9As shown, this embodiment discloses a dust removal component 400 including: a dust collection hood 402, which is fixedly connected to the base 301 via a support rod 401, wherein the dust collection hood 402 is sleeved on four rods 309 and placed between the rods 309 and the bracket; a rectangular cylinder 405, which is fixedly connected to the support rod 401, and a storage box 406 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cylinder 405; and a material pipe 403, whose two ends are fixedly connected to the dust collection hood 402 and the rectangular cylinder 405 respectively, and a pump 404 is provided on the material pipe 403. By setting up the dust removal component 400, the grinding debris, particles and suspended impurities generated during the grinding process can be extracted and stored in a concentrated manner, reducing the dispersion and accumulation of grinding debris. In wet grinding operations using cutting fluid, the pump 404 is selected as a suction pump capable of handling airflow containing a small amount of liquid mist. The dust collection hood 402 mainly collects suspended grinding debris and liquid mist, and the storage box 406 is used to trap grinding debris and liquid droplets. When the grinding wheel 200 is grinding the bearing ring, the pump 404 is started, and a negative pressure is formed inside the feed pipe 403 to provide suction for the dust collection hood 402, so that the grinding debris and impurities generated during grinding are sucked into the dust collection hood 402, and then transported by the feed pipe 403 to the storage box 406 in the rectangular cylinder 405 for storage, thereby completing the suction cleaning of the grinding area.

[0023] Reference Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment discloses a perforated plate 408 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402. Several holes on the perforated plate 408 are connected to the inner wall of the dust collection hood 402. By setting the perforated plate 408, large-volume impurities and debris from the outside can be intercepted, preventing them from entering the dust collection hood 402 and clogging the inlet of the material pipe 403, thus affecting the normal collection of dust and impurities. A filter plate 407 is fixedly connected to the storage box 406. The filter holes of the filter plate 407 are connected to the inner wall of the storage box 406. By setting the filter plate 407, the airflow entering the storage box 406 can be discharged through the filter holes, reducing the large backflow of airflow within the storage box 406, which would cause dust to float within the storage box 406 and affect subsequent normal collection and cleaning.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a processing technology for a precision machining device for bearing rings, and the steps are as follows: Step 1: Place the bearing ring to be ground on the four brackets 311, so that the four rubber clamping blocks 321 and multiple rubber tubes 322 are all placed in the inner center area of ​​the bearing ring. Step 2: The air pump 314 enters the clamping air supply state through the air intake and exhaust switching device. The same air source simultaneously pushes the four main piston parts 318 to extend radially outward. The bearing ring is automatically aligned by the balanced radial force of the four equal-angle clamping units within the radial slight fluctuation range allowed by the bracket 311. The adsorption end of the rubber tube 322 first fits against the inner circumferential surface of the bearing ring to form a sealed space. Then, the main piston parts 318 continue to complete the reserved negative pressure forming stroke. The rubber clamping block 321 generates elastic compression. At the same time, the auxiliary piston part 324 moves to increase the volume of the rodless cavity of the auxiliary cylinder 323, thereby drawing gas from the hollow plate 320 and the rubber tube 322 to form negative pressure, completing flexible clamping and negative pressure assisted fixation. Step 3: After clamping and centering are completed, the motor 305 drives the gear 306 to rotate the gear ring 308. The gear ring 308 drives the bearing rings clamped by the four rubber clamping blocks 321 to rotate synchronously, so that the bearing rings rotate steadily and uniformly around the central axis after clamping and centering. Step 4: The motor drives the grinding wheel 200 to rotate at high speed and uses the electric push rod to precisely feed towards the rotating surface of the bearing ring. Through the micro-cutting action of the abrasive grains of the grinding wheel 200, the machining allowance, oxide layer and machining lines on the surface of the bearing ring are removed, and the precision grinding operation of the outer circle of the ring and the rotating surfaces such as the raceway located on the outer circumference of the ring that can be approached by the external grinding wheel is completed. Step 5: During the grinding process, the pump 404 generates suction inside the dust collection hood 402 to extract grinding chips, particles and suspended impurities generated during grinding and transport them to the storage box 406 for storage, ensuring a clean working environment. Step 6: During the grinding process, the internal cooling system of the grinding machine 100 continuously sprays cutting fluid to remove the high temperature of grinding in time and prevent the bearing ring surface from burning and thermal deformation. Step 7: After the grinding process is completed, switch the air supply circuit of the air pump 314 to the depressurization and exhaust state, so that the clamping air pressure in the main cylinder 317 is released, and the spring 319 pushes the main piston 318 and the hollow plate 320 to retract; when the hollow plate 320 retracts, it drives the auxiliary piston 324 to move in the opposite direction and compress the gas in the rodless cavity of the auxiliary cylinder 323, so that the negative pressure in the rubber tube 322 is released, and the adsorption end is separated from the inner circumferential surface of the bearing ring. Then, the finished bearing ring is removed manually or by a robot, and all mechanisms are reset, waiting for the next clamping and processing.

[0025] The implementation principle of this invention is as follows: First, the base 301 is fixedly installed on the grinding machine 100 with screws and other fasteners. The four brackets 311 are inserted into the four insertion holes 310 respectively and fixed with bolts 312. Then, the bearing rings are placed on the four brackets 311, so that the bearing rings are fitted around the four rubber clamping blocks 321. After starting the air pump 314 and switching the air supply circuit to the clamping air supply state, the gas enters the four main cylinders 317 through the rotary pneumatic joint 315 and four air supply pipes 316 of the same specification. Since the four main cylinders 317 are arranged radially at equal angles, the effective pressure area of ​​the pistons is the same, and the specifications and preload of the springs 319 are the same, the four main piston parts 318 extend outward under the same air source pressure. The bracket 311 provides axial support and allows for slight radial movement of the collar. Therefore, when the rubber tube 322 or the rubber clamping block 321 on one side contacts the collar first, the radial force on that side pushes the collar to produce a slight displacement until the forces in the four directions tend to be balanced, achieving self-centering of the collar relative to the rotation center of the toothed ring 308. The adsorption end of the rubber tube 322 protrudes slightly outward relative to the clamping surface of the rubber clamping block 321, so the adsorption end first fits against the inner circumferential surface of the collar and forms a sealed space. The main piston 318 still has a reserved outward extension stroke. When it continues to extend outward, the rubber clamping block 321 undergoes elastic compression, the hollow plate 320 continues to move outward and drives the auxiliary piston 324 to move in the direction of the rod extension, so that the volume of the rodless cavity of the auxiliary cylinder 323 connected to the gas delivery pipe 325 continues to increase, thereby extracting the gas inside the hollow plate 320 and the rubber tube 322 and establishing a negative pressure. At this point, the rubber clamping block 321 forms a uniform and flexible clamp on the inner circumferential surface, and the rubber tube 322 forms a negative pressure-assisted adsorption on the same inner circumferential surface. Together, they resist the grinding tangential force and vibration.

[0026] At this time, the motor 305 is started to drive the gear 306 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 306 drives the gear ring 308 to rotate. The rotation of the gear ring 308 drives the bearing ring, which is self-centering under force and completes compound clamping, to rotate synchronously through multiple rods 309. Then, the grinding wheel 200 is driven to rotate at high speed by the internal motor of the grinding machine 100 and is precisely fed towards the rotating surface of the bearing ring with the help of the electric push rod. Through the micro-cutting action of the abrasive grains of the grinding wheel 200, the machining allowance, oxide layer and machining lines on the surface of the bearing ring are removed, and the precision grinding operation of the outer circle of the ring and the raceway and other rotating surfaces located on the outer circumference of the ring that can be approached by the external grinding wheel is completed. When the grinding wheel 200 is grinding the bearing ring, the pump 404 is started. A negative pressure is formed inside the material pipe 403 and provides suction to the dust collection hood 402, so that the grinding chips, particles and suspended impurities generated by grinding are sucked into the dust collection hood 402 and then transported by the material pipe 403 to the storage box 406 in the rectangular cylinder 405 for storage, thereby completing the suction and cleaning of the grinding area.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision machining device for bearing rings, characterized in that: include: Grinding machine (100); A grinding wheel (200) is mounted on a grinding machine (100). It is driven by a motor to rotate at high speed and works with an electric push rod to make precise feed motions along the rotating surface of the bearing ring to perform micro-cutting, gradually removing residual tool marks from machining, oxide layers from heat treatment, and deformation errors, thereby achieving fine correction of the ring size, roundness, and contour accuracy. A clamping assembly (300) is mounted on a grinding machine (100). The clamping assembly (300) includes rubber clamping blocks (321) and rubber tubes (322). Four rubber clamping blocks (321) are arranged at equal angles along the same circumference and expand radially outward under the action of the same air source. The elastic deformation of the rubber clamping blocks (321) fits against the inner circumferential surface of the bearing ring. The adsorption end of the rubber tube (322) is exposed from the clamping surface of the rubber clamping block (321). After the adsorption end fits against the inner circumferential surface of the bearing ring to form a closed space, a negative pressure is established so that the balanced radial flexible clamping and negative pressure adsorption together form a composite clamping limit.

2. The bearing ring precision machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (300) includes: A base (301) is detachably mounted on a grinding machine (100) by screws. A ring track (302) is provided on the base (301). A dust removal component (400) is provided on the base (301). A cylindrical tube (303) is fixedly connected to a base (301), wherein the cylindrical tube (303) is provided with a plurality of air holes; A bracket (304) is fixedly connected to a base (301), and a motor (305) is fixedly connected to the bracket (304). Gear (306), the gear (306) is fixedly connected to the output end of motor (305) via a coupling, wherein the gear (306) is placed in a ring track (302); A toothed ring (308) is rotatably mounted in a ring track (302). Four rods (309) are fixedly connected to the toothed ring (308), wherein the toothed ring (308) meshes with a gear (306). An air pump (314) is placed inside a cylinder (303) and fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder (303). The air supply circuit of the air pump (314) is equipped with an air inlet and outlet switching component, which is used to supply air to the main cylinder (317) when clamping and to make the main cylinder (317) communicate with the outside to release pressure when loosening the clamp. A rotary pneumatic connector (315) is provided. The fixed input end of the rotary pneumatic connector (315) is connected to the air supply circuit of the air pump (314), and the rotary output end is connected to four air supply pipes (316). The four air supply pipes (316) are arranged in a circle. Four main cylinders (317) are fixedly connected to four rods (309) respectively. A main piston (318) is slidably installed inside each of the four main cylinders (317). The four main cylinders (317) are fixedly connected to the ends of the four air supply pipes (316) away from the rotary pneumatic joint (315) respectively. The main piston (318) is composed of a round rod (31801) and a piston plate (31802). The four main cylinders (317) are arranged radially at equal angles along the center of the toothed ring (308). The effective pressure-bearing areas of the four piston plates (31802) are the same. The inner diameter and effective length of the four air supply pipes (316) are the same. Spring (319) is placed inside the main cylinder (317), wherein the spring (319) is sleeved on the round rod (31801) of the main piston (318), and the two ends of the spring (319) are fixedly connected to the piston plate (31802) and the inner wall of the main cylinder (317) respectively; the four springs (319) have the same specifications and preload; Four hollow plates (320) are fixedly connected to the round rods (31801) of four main piston components (318) respectively. Multiple rubber tubes (322) are fixedly connected to each of the four hollow plates (320), and the inner cavity of each hollow plate (320) is connected to the corresponding multiple rubber tubes (322). Four rubber clamping blocks (321) are fixedly connected to four hollow plates (320) respectively. Each rubber clamping block (321) is provided with a through hole for the adsorption end of the corresponding rubber tube (322) to pass through. The adsorption end protrudes outward relative to the clamping surface of the rubber clamping block (321), and the protrusion is less than the allowable elastic compression of the rubber clamping block (321). Four auxiliary cylinders (323) are fixedly connected to four rods (309) respectively. Each of the four auxiliary cylinders (323) has an auxiliary piston (324) slidably installed inside. Each of the four auxiliary cylinders (323) has a gas delivery pipe (325) fixedly connected to it. The auxiliary piston (324) is composed of a round rod (32401) and a piston plate (32402). The round rods (32401) of the four auxiliary pistons (324) are fixedly connected to four hollow plates (320) respectively. Each gas delivery pipe (325) One end is connected to the rodless cavity of the corresponding auxiliary cylinder (323) away from the protruding end of the round rod (32401), and the other end is connected to the inner cavity of the corresponding hollow plate (320); when the hollow plate (320) expands outward and drives the auxiliary piston (324) to move in the direction of the protruding round rod, the volume of the rodless cavity increases; the maximum outward stroke of the main piston (318) is greater than the stroke required for the adsorption end of the rubber tube (322) to move from the initial position to the inner circumferential surface of the bearing ring, so that after the adsorption end is sealed, it still retains the compensation stroke for forming negative pressure.

3. The bearing ring precision machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cover (307) is fixedly attached to the base (301), wherein the cover (307) covers the gear (306) and the gear ring (308).

4. The bearing ring precision machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the four main cylinders (317) is fixed with a rubber column (326), wherein the rubber column (326) is placed between the main cylinder (317) and the hollow plate (320).

5. The bearing ring precision machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the four rods (309) has a socket (310), and a bracket (311) is slidably connected to the inner wall of each of the four sockets (310). The bracket (311) is inserted into the socket (310) and fixed by bolts (312). The bracket (311) is used to axially support the bearing ring, and does not rigidly radially lock the bearing ring before clamping, so as to allow the bearing ring to generate a small radial alignment displacement under the action of balanced clamping force.

6. The bearing ring precision machining device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the four brackets (311) is fixed with a base rod (313), wherein the surface of the base rod (313) is higher than the surface of the bracket (311).

7. The bearing ring precision machining device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dust removal assembly (400) includes: Dust collection hood (402), the dust collection hood (402) is fixed to the base (301) by a support rod (401), wherein the dust collection hood (402) is sleeved on four rods (309) and placed between the rods (309) and the bracket; A rectangular tube (405) is fixedly connected to a support rod (401), and a storage box (406) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular tube (405). The material pipe (403) is fixedly connected at both ends to the dust collection hood (402) and the rectangular cylinder (405) respectively, and a pump (404) is provided on the material pipe (403).

8. The bearing ring precision machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the dust collection hood (402) is fixedly connected to a perforated plate (408), wherein a number of holes on the perforated plate (408) are connected to the inner wall of the dust collection hood (402).

9. The bearing ring precision machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A filter plate (407) is fixedly connected to the storage box (406), wherein the filter holes of the filter plate (407) are connected to the inner wall of the storage box (406).

10. A processing technology for a precision machining device for bearing rings, applied to the precision machining device for bearing rings as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: Step 1: Place the bearing ring to be ground on four brackets (311), so that the four rubber clamping blocks (321) and multiple rubber tubes (322) are all placed in the inner center area of ​​the bearing ring. Step 2: The air pump (314) enters the clamping and air supply state, and the same air source simultaneously pushes the four main piston parts (318) to extend radially outward; the bearing ring is automatically aligned by the balanced radial force of the four equal-angle clamping units within the radial slight fluctuation range allowed by the bracket (311); the adsorption end of the rubber tube (322) first fits against the inner circumferential surface of the bearing ring to form a sealed space, and then the main piston part (318) continues to complete the reserved negative pressure forming stroke, the rubber clamping block (321) generates elastic compression, and at the same time the auxiliary piston part (324) moves to increase the volume of the rodless cavity of the auxiliary cylinder (323), thereby drawing the gas in the hollow plate (320) and the rubber tube (322) to form a negative pressure, completing the flexible clamping and negative pressure auxiliary fixation; Step 3: After clamping and centering are completed, the motor (305) drives the gear (306) to rotate the gear ring (308). The gear ring (308) drives the bearing rings clamped by the four rubber clamping blocks (321) to rotate synchronously, so that the bearing rings rotate steadily and uniformly around the central axis after clamping and centering. Step 4: The motor drives the grinding wheel (200) to rotate at high speed and uses the electric push rod to feed precisely toward the rotating surface of the bearing ring. Through the micro-cutting action of the grinding wheel (200) abrasive grains, the machining allowance, oxide layer and machining lines on the surface of the bearing ring are removed, and the precision grinding operation of the outer circle of the ring and the rotating surfaces such as the raceway located on the outer periphery of the ring and accessible by the external grinding wheel is completed. Step 5: During the grinding process, the pump (404) generates suction in the dust collection hood (402) to extract the grinding chips, particles and suspended impurities generated during grinding and transport them to the storage box (406) for storage, ensuring a clean working environment; Step 6: During the grinding process, the cooling system inside the grinding machine (100) continuously sprays cutting fluid to remove the high temperature of grinding in time and prevent the bearing ring surface from burning and thermal deformation. Step 7: After the grinding process is completed, switch the air supply circuit of the air pump (314) to the depressurization and exhaust state to release the clamping air pressure in the main cylinder (317). The spring (319) pushes the main piston (318) and the hollow plate (320) to retract. When the hollow plate (320) retracts, it drives the auxiliary piston (324) to move in the opposite direction and compress the gas in the rodless cavity of the auxiliary cylinder (323), so that the negative pressure in the rubber tube (322) is released, the adsorption end separates from the inner circumferential surface of the bearing ring, and then the finished bearing ring is removed. All mechanisms are reset to complete the single grinding process.

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