Adjustable polishing device for hardware machining

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to an adjustable polishing device for hardware part machining, which comprises a bed body assembly and a polishing mechanism, and the polishing mechanism is assembled and arranged on the top of the bed body assembly. The present application adopts an arc-shaped supporting strip to cooperate with a flexible polishing sheet to form a deformable polishing working surface, which can change the curvature of the polishing working surface in real time, so that the flexible polishing sheet can completely adhere to the arc-shaped outer surface of the tubular hardware part, overcoming the defects of over-polishing on the top of the arc surface and insufficient polishing on both sides of the traditional fixed-radian polishing head, improving the uniformity of the outer circle polishing of the workpiece, ensuring the consistency of the surface roughness of the finished product, improving the quality of pipe machining, and meeting the index requirements of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry for the machining precision of parts and the consistency of finished products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal processing technology, specifically to an adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of hardware parts processing, tubular parts with curved outer contours are widely used in industries such as hydraulic transmission, automotive parts, and construction machinery. Surface grinding is a crucial process for removing burrs and oxide scale and controlling surface roughness, directly affecting the assembly accuracy and corrosion resistance of the finished product. With the rapid development of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry, the hardware processing industry is accelerating its transformation towards flexibility, intelligence, and high precision, placing higher demands on the workpiece adaptability, automation adjustment accuracy, and processing consistency of grinding equipment.

[0003] Most conventional metal parts grinding devices are designed for flat workpieces or cylindrical workpieces with a fixed diameter. The grinding execution end is mostly a fixed plane or fixed curvature structure. When grinding tubular parts with an arc-shaped outer contour, there is a common technical problem that the grinding surface and the outer arc surface of the workpiece cannot be perfectly matched. On the one hand, the fixed shape of the grinding head is difficult to conform to the curvature changes of the arc surface, which easily leads to over-grinding of the top of the arc surface and under-grinding of the sides, resulting in uneven grinding of the workpiece surface and poor surface roughness consistency, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision processing. On the other hand, for arc-shaped tubular parts with different curvatures and diameters, manual replacement of the grinding head is usually required. The tooling and manual adjustment of grinding angles and positions are time-consuming and inefficient when changing models, and the adjustment accuracy depends on the operator's experience, making it impossible to achieve adaptive and precise adjustment of the grinding arc. In addition, some existing adjustable grinding equipment can only achieve single-dimensional height or feed adjustment, lacking a conformal arc adjustment mechanism for curved outer surfaces, and it has not formed a linkage control with the workpiece contour detection module. It is difficult to adapt to the batch grinding needs of multi-specification and multi-curvature curved tubular hardware parts, which has become a technical bottleneck restricting the upgrading of hardware grinding processes to high-end intelligent manufacturing equipment. Based on this, the present invention proposes an adjustable grinding device for hardware parts processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art that the existing grinding devices are difficult to adapt to the processing of curved hardware parts with different diameters and curvatures, and that the grinding curvature cannot be adaptively and accurately adjusted, resulting in poor processing consistency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a bed assembly and a grinding mechanism connected to the top of the bed assembly. The bed assembly includes a carrier, a power motor, a three-jaw chuck, and a tailstock pin. The three-jaw chuck is fixed on the output shaft of the power motor. The tailstock pin is coaxially disposed at the end of the three-jaw chuck away from the power motor. A tubular hardware component is provided between the three-jaw chuck and the tailstock pin. A hardware component contour scanner for detecting the curvature of the outer surface of the tubular hardware component is fixed on one side of the top of the carrier.

[0006] The polishing mechanism includes a vertical frame fixed to the top of the support body and a sliding seat movable along the height direction of the vertical frame. A polishing unit is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding seat away from the vertical frame. The sliding seat drives the polishing unit to move up and down to polish the outer surface of tubular hardware parts of different diameters. The polishing unit includes a connecting part and a polishing part. The connecting part is provided with a reciprocating drive mechanism and an arc scanning mechanism for driving the polishing part. A height adjustment drive assembly for driving the sliding seat to move along the height direction is also provided on the side of the vertical frame near the sliding seat.

[0007] Preferably, the carrier is a bed, the power motor is fixedly mounted on one end of the top surface of the carrier, and the output shaft of the power motor faces the other end of the carrier. The tailstock pin positioning end faces the three-jaw chuck, and cooperates with the three-jaw chuck to form a positioning structure for both ends of the tubular hardware.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the vertical frame is fixed to the top of the bed assembly, and the sliding seat is slidably assembled with the vertical frame via a linear guide. There are two sets of grinding units, and the two sets of grinding units are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the sliding seat.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting part includes a connecting seat fixed to the end of the sliding seat away from the vertical frame, and each end of the inner side of the connecting seat is rotatably provided with a set of swing frames, and each of the two sets of swing frames is rotatably provided with two guide groove wheels distributed vertically and horizontally.

[0010] The grinding section includes two upper and lower arc-shaped support bars that are connected and pass through the upper and lower guide groove wheels inside the two sets of swing frames. The two arc-shaped support bars are fixed together, and their specifications are adapted to the specifications of the upper and lower guide groove wheels. The bottom surface of the lower arc-shaped support bar abuts against the top wall of the groove of the lower guide groove wheel, and the top surface of the upper arc-shaped support bar abuts against the bottom wall of the groove of the upper guide groove wheel. The width of the arc-shaped support bar matches the width of the groove of the guide groove wheel, forming a positioning structure for the arc-shaped support bar along the radial direction of the guide groove wheel. A swing shaft is fixedly provided on the upper part of the side of the swing frame near the connecting seat. The swing shaft is rotatably assembled with the connecting seat through a bearing, and the swing shaft extends through the connecting seat to the other side of the connecting seat.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom surface of the upper arc-shaped support bar has a mounting groove for accommodating the grinding disc. The grinding disc passes through two mounting grooves symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the sliding seat and is fixed to the arc-shaped support bar by bolts. The grinding disc is made of flexible material.

[0012] Preferably, two parallel fixed pressure strips are fixed between the two arc-shaped support strips at the upper end, and the top surfaces of the two sides of the grinding disc are fixed to the bottom surfaces of the corresponding fixed pressure strips by Velcro hooks and loops.

[0013] Preferably, each of the two swing shafts is fixedly provided with a swing arm, the two swing arms are angularly symmetrically distributed along the two swing shafts, and the free ends of the two swing arms are hinged together by a hinged connecting rod. A lockable arc adjustment motor is fixedly provided on the outer side of the connecting seat, and the lockable arc adjustment motor is fixedly connected to the end of one of the swing shafts.

[0014] Preferably, there are two sets of reciprocating drive mechanisms, each corresponding to one of the two grinding units. Each set of reciprocating drive mechanisms includes two transmission sprockets fixedly connected to the ends of the central shafts of two guide groove wheels of the same height in the corresponding grinding unit, and an idler wheel rotatably disposed at one end of the upper side of the outer surface of the connecting seat. A reciprocating drive motor is fixedly disposed at the end of the inner side of the connecting seat away from the idler wheel. The output shaft of the reciprocating drive motor movably passes through the connecting seat and extends to the other side. A drive sprocket is fixedly disposed on the output shaft of the reciprocating drive motor. A transmission chain is wound around the periphery of the two transmission sprockets, the idler wheel and the drive sprocket. A chain tensioner is fixedly disposed in the middle of the outer side of the connecting seat. The tensioning end of the chain tensioner abuts against the surface of the transmission chain.

[0015] Preferably, the arc scanning mechanism includes two arc detection sensors located between two connecting seats. Two horizontally distributed guide optical axes are fixedly mounted on opposite sides of each of the two arc detection sensors. A mounting seat is fixed to the end of each guide optical axis away from the arc detection sensor. A spring is coaxially sleeved around each guide optical axis, with both ends of the spring abutting against the connecting seat and the mounting seat. A magnetic block is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting seat near the connecting seat. A magnetic mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the top of the vertical frame. Two electromagnets facing away from each other are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the magnetic mounting bracket, with each electromagnet corresponding to one of the two magnetic blocks.

[0016] The arc scanning mechanism also includes a dust suction hood fixed between two connecting seats, and the top of the dust suction hood has two dust suction ports symmetrically distributed about its own central axis.

[0017] Preferably, the height adjustment drive assembly includes a motor mounting bracket fixedly mounted on the top of the vertical frame, a magnetic mounting bracket fixedly mounted on the side of the motor mounting bracket, a lifting servo motor fixedly mounted on the top of the motor mounting bracket, the output shaft of the lifting servo motor movably passing through the motor mounting bracket, a transmission screw fixedly mounted at the lower end of the output shaft of the lifting servo motor, a screw nut seat threaded around the transmission screw, and the screw nut seat fixedly mounted on the top of the sliding seat.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. A hardware contour scanner is installed to collect the actual outer contour curvature data of tubular hardware parts in advance. The contour data is fed back to the electronic control system to realize the linkage control of the detection and grinding actuators. It can automatically adjust the height and curvature of the grinding unit according to the actual measured contour of the workpiece, without the need for manual replacement of grinding fixtures. This significantly shortens the changeover and debugging time for tubular workpieces with different curvatures and diameters. It is suitable for the flexible batch processing of multi-specification tubular parts and can meet the integration application requirements of automated production lines in the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry, reducing the dependence of the production line on the experience of operators.

[0020] 2. An arc-shaped support bar combined with a flexible grinding disc forms a deformable grinding surface, which can change the curvature of the grinding surface in real time. This allows the flexible grinding disc to completely conform to the arc-shaped outer surface of the tubular hardware, overcoming the defects of over-grinding at the top of the arc surface and insufficient grinding on both sides that are common with traditional fixed-curvature grinding heads. This improves the uniformity of grinding the outer circle of the workpiece, ensures the consistency of the surface roughness of the finished product, improves the processing quality of the tubular parts, and meets the index requirements of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry for the processing accuracy of parts and the consistency of finished products.

[0021] 3. A reciprocating drive mechanism is set up to drive the grinding unit to reciprocate along the axial direction of the tube. In conjunction with the drive motor, the tubular hardware is rotated to realize the cyclic grinding of the outer surface of the workpiece along its entire length. A chain tensioner is configured to continuously provide elastic tension compensation for the transmission chain. Even if the chain wears and elongates, it can effectively prevent transmission slippage, ensuring stable output of the grinding reciprocating action. The processing action has high reliability and is suitable for long-term uninterrupted batch production in the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry.

[0022] 4. When the device returns to the upper position after resetting, the electromagnet attracts the magnetic block, moving the arc detection sensor's detection end to the dust suction port. The external dust suction device removes the metal grinding debris accumulated on the sensor end, preventing metal dust from covering the detection end and causing distortion of the arc acquisition data, ensuring detection accuracy, reducing the probability of sensor failure, and extending the service life of the detection components. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bed assembly in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism in the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism in the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the height adjustment drive component in the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding unit in this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hinged connecting rod in this invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating drive mechanism in this invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing a partial structural detail of the grinding unit in this invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped support strip in this invention;

[0033] Figure 11 In this invention Figure 10 A partial structural diagram.

[0034] In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows: 100, Bed assembly; 101, Carrier; 102, Power motor; 103, Three-jaw chuck; 104, Tailstock center; 200, Grinding mechanism; 210, Vertical frame; 220, Sliding seat; 230, Grinding unit; 231, Connecting seat; 232, Swing frame; 233, Guide wheel; 234, Arc-shaped support bar; 235, Mounting slot; 236, Grinding disc; 237, Fixing pressure bar; 238, Swing shaft; 239, Swing arm; 2310, Hinge connecting rod; 2311, Lockable arc adjustment motor; 240, Reciprocating drive mechanism; 241, Transmission sprocket. 242. Idler wheel; 243. Reciprocating drive motor; 244. Drive sprocket; 245. Transmission chain; 246. Chain tensioner; 250. Curvature scanning mechanism; 251. Curvature detection sensor; 252. Guide optical axis; 253. Mounting base; 254. Spring; 255. Magnetic block; 256. Magnetic mounting bracket; 257. Electromagnet; 258. Dust hood; 259. Dust suction port; 260. Height adjustment drive assembly; 261. Motor mounting bracket; 262. Lifting servo motor; 263. Transmission screw; 264. Screw nut seat; 300. Tubular hardware; 400. Hardware contour scanner. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] This invention provides an adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts, such as... Figures 1-11As shown, the adjustable grinding device for machining hardware parts includes a bed assembly 100 and a grinding mechanism 200. The grinding mechanism 200 is mounted on top of the bed assembly 100. The bed assembly 100 mainly consists of a carrier 101, a power motor 102, a three-jaw chuck 103, and a tailstock pin 104. The power motor 102 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the carrier 101. The three-jaw chuck 103 is directly fastened to the output shaft end of the power motor 102. When the power motor 102 is working, it can directly drive the three-jaw chuck 103 to complete the rotational motion. The tailstock pin 104 is arranged on the opposite side of the three-jaw chuck 103 along its axial direction. The tailstock pin 104 and the three-jaw chuck 103 are aligned. A rotating axis is used to clamp and position the tubular hardware part 300 between the three-jaw chuck 103 and the tailstock ejector pin 104. The three-jaw chuck 103 clamps the inner hole of one end of the tubular hardware part 300, and the tailstock ejector pin 104 presses against the center hole of the other end of the tubular hardware part 300, thereby realizing the rotational positioning of the workpiece. A hardware part contour scanner 400 is installed on the side of the top surface of the carrier 101. The hardware part contour scanner 400 faces the workpiece mounting position of the tubular hardware part 300. During the operation, the outer circle contour arc data of the tubular hardware part 300 is collected in real time. The collected contour data is output to the external electrical control system of the whole machine, providing the original data input for the subsequent height and arc adjustment of the grinding mechanism 200.

[0037] The grinding mechanism 200 includes a vertical frame 210, a sliding seat 220, a grinding unit 230, a reciprocating drive mechanism 240, an arc scanning mechanism 250, and a height adjustment drive assembly 260. The bottom of the vertical frame 210 is bolted to the upper surface of the support body 101. The vertical frame 210 is arranged vertically, and a vertical linear guide rail is installed on the inner side of the vertical frame 210. The sliding seat 220 is assembled on the vertical frame 210 through the linear guide rail pair. The sliding seat 220 can move vertically up and down along the vertical frame 210. The grinding unit 230 is assembled on the side of the sliding seat 220 facing the workpiece. The up and down movement of the sliding seat 220 directly drives the synchronous up and down movement of the grinding unit 230, thereby adapting to various outer diameters. The processing station height of the tubular hardware 300 is as follows: the grinding unit 230 is divided into two functional parts: a connecting part and a grinding part. The connecting part serves as the mounting base for the parts. The reciprocating drive mechanism 240 and the arc scanning mechanism 250 are all installed in the connecting part. The grinding part directly contacts the outer surface of the tubular hardware 300 to complete the surface grinding and deburring operation of the workpiece. The reciprocating drive mechanism 240 is used to drive the grinding part, causing the grinding part to reciprocate along the outer arc surface of the tubular hardware 300 to achieve full-length axial grinding of the workpiece. The height adjustment drive assembly 260 is installed on the upper part of the vertical frame 210. The height adjustment drive assembly 260 serves as a power source to output torque and drive the sliding seat 220 to achieve lifting and lowering.

[0038] In this embodiment, the support body 101 adopts a cast bed structure. The cast bed has high overall rigidity and good vibration reduction effect, which can reduce the adverse effects of grinding operation vibration on the surface quality of the machined surface. Multiple sets of mounting through holes are opened at the bottom of the support body 101. During on-site assembly, expansion bolts are used to fix the support body 101 to the concrete floor of the processing workshop through the through holes, so as to avoid displacement and shaking of the whole machine during the grinding operation. The power motor 102 can adjust the workpiece rotation speed according to the different materials of the tubular hardware 300. When machining alloy tubes with high hardness, the speed is increased, and when machining thin-walled easily deformable parts, the speed is increased. When processing tubular parts, the rotation speed is reduced to prevent deformation caused by high-speed rotation of the workpiece. The output shaft of the power motor 102 is horizontally oriented towards the tailstock ejector pin 104. The tailstock ejector pin 104 adopts a manual sliding tailstock structure, which can move horizontally along the bed guide rail. It can adapt to tubular hardware parts 300 with different axial lengths. After the tailstock ejector pin 104 moves to the target position, it can be mechanically locked to ensure the reliability of the workpiece clamping and positioning. The three-jaw chuck 103 is used in combination with the tailstock ejector pin 104. For long tubular hardware parts 300, it can effectively suppress the radial runout during the workpiece rotation process and improve the uniformity of outer circle grinding.

[0039] The vertical frame 210 is formed by welding steel plates and then stress-relief annealing to eliminate residual internal stress during welding. The equipment is not prone to deformation during long-term use. Two sets of heavy-duty linear guides are installed on the inner side of the vertical frame 210. The sliding seat 220 is rigidly connected to the linear guide slider. In this embodiment, two sets of grinding units 230 are set. The two sets of grinding units 230 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides with respect to the vertical central axis of the sliding seat 220. The layout of the two grinding units 230 can grind the outer surface of the tubular hardware 300 from both sides.

[0040] The main component of the connecting part of the grinding unit 230 is the connecting seat 231. The connecting seat 231 is fixed to the end face of the sliding seat 220 facing the workpiece by bolts. A set of swing frames 232 are respectively installed on the left and right ends of the inner side of the connecting seat 231. The swing frames 232 can swing and rotate relative to the connecting seat 231. Each set of swing frames 232 has two sets of upper and lower guide groove wheels 233 inside the rotating assembly. The upper and lower guide groove wheels 233 are kept parallel to each other.The grinding section includes two arc-shaped support bars 234, one above the other, which are threaded together inside the same set of swing brackets 232 between two sets of guide groove wheels 233. The two arc-shaped support bars 234 are fixed together to ensure that they bend and deform synchronously. The cross-sectional dimensions of the arc-shaped support bars 234 match the internal dimensions of the grooves of the guide groove wheels 233. The lower surface of the lower arc-shaped support bar 234 abuts against the top wall of the groove of the lower guide groove wheel 233, and the upper surface of the upper arc-shaped support bar 234 abuts against the bottom of the groove of the upper guide groove wheel 233. The width of the arc-shaped support bar 234 matches the width of the groove of the guide groove wheel 233. To maintain consistency, the guide wheel 233's groove forms a radial limit on the arc-shaped support bar 234, allowing the arc-shaped support bar 234 to slide only along the groove direction, preventing radial offset and disengagement. The outer surface of the arc-shaped support bar 234 is coated with an anti-slip coating to increase the friction between the arc-shaped support bar 234 and the guide wheel 233's groove. A swing shaft 238 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the swing frame 232 near the connecting seat 231. The swing shaft 238 is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat 231 body via a bearing assembly. One end of the swing shaft 238 penetrates the connecting seat 231, extending to the outer space of the connecting seat 231. When the swing shaft 238 rotates, it... The swing frame 232 drives the guide wheel 233 to swing, further changing the overall curvature of the arc-shaped support bar 234. Swing arms 239 are arranged around the swing shaft 238, and are fixedly mounted on the extended ends of the two swing shafts 238. The two swing arms 239 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the two swing shafts 238. The hinged connecting rod 2310 is hinged at both ends to the free ends of the two swing arms 239. The housing of the lockable arc-adjusting motor 2311 is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting seat 231. The output shaft of the lockable arc-adjusting motor 2311 is rigidly connected to the end of one of the swing shafts 238. During operation, the lockable arc-adjusting motor... The adjusting motor 2311 drives the rotation of one side swing shaft 238, which in turn drives the corresponding swing arm 239 to swing. Through the push-pull transmission of the hinged connecting rod 2310, the other side swing arm 239 swings in the opposite direction, causing the other side swing shaft 238 to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction. The two swing frames 232 swing inward or outward synchronously, changing the relative position of the upper and lower guide groove wheels 233. This forces the arc-shaped support bar 234 to arch upward or extend downward, thereby adjusting the curvature of the grinding surface. The locking curvature adjusting motor 2311 has a built-in locking function after stopping, locking the swing shaft 238 at the current angle, preventing the curvature from changing on its own during the grinding process.

[0041] The upper arc-shaped support bar 234 has a downward-facing mounting groove 235. The groove 235 is used to accommodate the grinding disc 236. The grinding disc 236 is respectively assembled inside the mounting groove 235 of the left and right sets of arc-shaped support bars 234. The grinding disc 236 is bolted to the arc-shaped support bar 234. The grinding disc 236 is made of flexible grinding material. The flexible material can bend and deform synchronously with the arc-shaped support bar 234. The working surface of the grinding disc 236 can completely fit the arc-shaped outer surface of the tubular hardware 300°, avoiding the rigid grinding head only partially contacting the workpiece and causing local over-grinding. To address the defect of incomplete grinding in certain areas, two parallel fixing strips 237 are installed between the two sets of upper arc-shaped support strips 234. The fixing strips 237 span the upper edges of the left and right sides of the grinding disc 236. The top surfaces of the left and right edges of the grinding disc 236 and the bottom surfaces of the fixing strips 237 are secured with Velcro hooks and loops, which further press the edges of the grinding disc 236 together. This double-fixing method prevents the edges of the grinding disc 236 from lifting during high-speed reciprocating operation. When the grinding disc 236 is worn and needs to be replaced, the bolts can be loosened and the Velcro hooks can be peeled off for quick disassembly and assembly, reducing the time spent on replacement parts.

[0042] This embodiment includes two sets of reciprocating drive mechanisms 240, each corresponding to one of the two grinding units 230. Each reciprocating drive mechanism 240 includes a transmission sprocket 241, an idler wheel 242, a reciprocating drive motor 243, a drive sprocket 244, a transmission chain 245, and a chain tensioner 246. Inside the same grinding unit 230, at the same height, the shaft ends of two guide wheels 233 are each fixed with a transmission sprocket 241. The idler wheel 242 is rotatably mounted on the upper corner of the outer side of the connecting seat 231. The reciprocating drive motor 243 is fixed to the inner side of the connecting seat 231, away from the idler wheel 242. The output shaft of the reciprocating drive motor 243 extends outward through the plate of the connecting seat 231, with the drive sprocket 244 mounted at the end of the output shaft. The transmission chain 245 wraps around the transmission sprocket 241, the idler wheel 242, and the drive sprocket 244. A closed-loop chain drive system is formed on the outside of the drive sprocket 244. The chain tensioner 246 housing is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting seat 231. The elastic pressing end of the chain tensioner 246 continuously abuts against the outside of the transmission chain 245. The reciprocating drive motor 243 adopts a forward and reverse servo motor. The motor rotates alternately in the forward and reverse directions, driving the drive sprocket 244 to rotate alternately in the forward and reverse directions. The transmission chain 245 drives the two transmission sprockets 241 on both sides to rotate alternately in the forward and reverse directions. The guide groove wheel 233 follows the transmission sprocket 241 to rotate back and forth. The guide groove wheel 233 drives the arc support bar 234 to slide back and forth along its own arc trajectory by the friction of the wheel groove, realizing the axial reciprocating grinding of the grinding disc 236 relative to the tubular hardware 300. The chain tensioner 246 adopts an elastic pre-tensioning structure to continuously compensate for the tension, prevent the transmission chain 245 from loosening and slipping, and ensure the stable transmission of reciprocating motion.

[0043] The arc scanning mechanism 250 includes an arc detection sensor 251, a guide optical axis 252, a mounting base 253, a spring 254, a magnetic block 255, a magnetic mounting bracket 256, an electromagnet 257, a dust suction hood 258, and a dust suction port 259. Two arc detection sensors 251 are arranged between two connecting bases 231. The opposite sides of the arc detection sensors 251 are respectively connected to two horizontally arranged guide optical axes 252. Two guide optical axes are matched with the same arc detection sensor 251. A mounting base 253 is connected to the end of the optical axis 252. A spring 254 is sleeved on the outside of the optical axis 252. The two ends of the spring 254 abut against the end faces of the connecting base 231 and the mounting base 253, respectively. A magnetic block 255 is fixed to the side of the mounting base 253 facing the connecting base 231. A magnetic mounting bracket 256 is fixedly installed at the top of the vertical frame 210. Two electromagnets 257 are installed on the bottom side of the magnetic mounting bracket 256, facing away from each other. The positions of the electromagnets 257 and the magnetic blocks 255 correspond one-to-one. When electromagnet 257 is energized, it generates magnetic force, which attracts magnetic block 255. This overcomes the elastic force of spring 254, causing guide optical axis 252 and arc detection sensor 251 to move. When electromagnet 257 is de-energized, the elastic force of spring 254 pushes arc detection sensor 251 back to the detection working position. Dust hood 258 is fixedly assembled in the middle area of ​​two connecting seats 231. Two sets of symmetrical dust suction ports 259 are opened on the top surface of dust hood 258. The pipeline interface of dust hood 258 is connected to the workshop dust removal and vacuuming equipment. When the grinding unit 230 returns to the upper reset position, the electromagnet 257 attracts the magnetic block 255, pulling the detection end of the arc detection sensor 251 to the dust suction port 259. The dust suction device sucks away the grinding dust and debris attached to the sensor surface, ensuring the detection accuracy of the arc detection sensor 251 and avoiding detection misjudgment caused by the accumulation of metal debris. The guide optical axis 252 plays a sliding guide and stroke limit role, limiting the maximum movement distance of the arc detection sensor 251 and preventing the components from being damaged by collision.

[0044] The height adjustment drive assembly 260 includes a motor mounting bracket 261, a lifting servo motor 262, a transmission screw 263, and a screw nut seat 264. The motor mounting bracket 261 is bolted to the top of the vertical frame 210. The aforementioned magnetic mounting bracket 256 is directly assembled and fixed to the side of the motor mounting bracket 261. The lifting servo motor 262 is mounted on the upper surface of the motor mounting bracket 261. The output shaft of the lifting servo motor 262 passes downward through the plate of the motor mounting bracket 261. The lower end of the output shaft is coaxially connected to the transmission screw 263. The screw nut seat 264 is threaded onto the outside of the transmission screw 263. The base 264 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding base 220. The lifting servo motor 262 receives instructions from the electronic control system to rotate, driving the transmission screw 263 to rotate. The screw nut seat 264 converts the rotational motion of the screw into vertical linear motion, driving the sliding base 220 and the entire grinding unit 230 to move up and down. It controls the lifting displacement of the grinding unit 230 and automatically matches the grinding working height with the outer diameter data of the pipe collected by the hardware contour scanner 400. It does not require manual adjustment and can meet the integration application requirements of automated production lines in the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry, reducing the dependence of the production line on the experience of operators.

[0045] Working principle: First, the grinding disc 236 is fixedly installed inside the two mounting slots 235 with bolts. Then, the tubular hardware part 300 to be ground is clamped at one end of its inner wall by the three-jaw chuck 103, and the other end is positioned by the tailstock pin 104. Next, the power motor 102 drives the three-jaw chuck 103 to rotate, which in turn drives the tubular hardware part 300 to rotate together. At the same time, the hardware part contour scanner 400 scans the outer contour data of the tubular hardware part 300 and transmits the external curvature scanning data of the tubular hardware part 300 to an external computer. The computer sends control commands to the lifting servo motor 262. After receiving the data, the lifting servo motor 262 drives the transmission screw 263 to rotate. Through the threaded engagement between the transmission screw 263 and the screw nut seat 264, the sliding seat 220 moves along the height direction of the vertical frame 210, adjusting the working height of the grinding unit 230 until it is perpendicular to the tubular hardware part 300 to be processed. After the diameter data is adapted, the lifting servo motor 262 stops running and completes the setting. After the grinding unit 230 moves down a certain distance, the external computer starts two locked arc adjustment motors 2311. The locked arc adjustment motors 2311 drive the swing shaft 238 connected to it and the swing arm 239 connected to the swing shaft 238 to rotate. Under the hinge action of the hinge link 2310 and the free end of the other swing arm 239, the other swing shaft 238 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction. During the reverse rotation of the two swing shafts 238, the two corresponding swing frames 232 and guide groove wheels 233 are driven to rotate in a corresponding manner along the axis of the swing shaft 238, thereby arching the upper and lower arc support bars 234 upward or downward. At the same time, the arc detection sensor 251 detects the arch degree of the arc support bar 234 located at its bottom until it matches the external curvature of the tubular hardware 300. Then the locked arc adjustment motor 2311 stops running and locks.

[0046] After adjusting the curvature of the arc-shaped support bar 234, the two reciprocating drive motors 243 start simultaneously, with their output shafts rotating alternately in both directions. This drives the transmission chain 245 to reciprocate via the drive sprocket 244, which in turn drives the two transmission sprockets 241 in the same group to rotate synchronously. This causes the two guide wheels 233 of the same height to rotate accordingly. Utilizing the mating structure between the wheel grooves and the arc-shaped support bar 234, the arc-shaped support bar 234 and the grinding disc 236 move reciprocally along the outer arc surface of the tubular hardware 300, in conjunction with the continuously rotating tubular hardware. Workpiece 300 is ground by the outer surface of the grinding head that conforms to the curvature of the tubular hardware 300. During the processing, the chain tensioner 246 continuously maintains tension on the transmission chain 245 to prevent slippage and loosening. After the grinding is completed, the power motor 102 stops running, all drive components reset, and the three-jaw chuck 103 and tailstock pin 104 release their clamping and positioning of the tubular hardware 300, allowing the ground hardware part to be removed, thus completing the entire processing flow. During the resetting process of the grinding unit 230, the two arc detection sensors 251 of the arc scanning mechanism 250 are driven to reset upwards together until the magnetic blocks 255 of the two arc scanning mechanisms 250 move to the ends of the two electromagnets 257 respectively. Under the magnetic attraction of the electromagnets 257, the two magnetic blocks 255 are attracted towards the corresponding electromagnets 257. At the same time, the magnetic blocks 255 drive the guide optical axis 252 and the arc detection sensor 251 to move through the connection of the mounting base 253, compressing the spring 254. When the scanning end of the arc detection sensor 251 moves to the position of the suction port 259 at the top of the dust collection hood 258, the guide optical axis 252 reaches the end of its movable stroke, preventing the arc detection sensor 251 from moving further. The suction end of the dust collection hood 258 is connected to the connection end of the external dust collection equipment, thereby removing the grinding dust and other debris adhering to the surface of the scanning end of the arc detection sensor 251, ensuring the cleanliness of the detection end, preventing grinding debris from adhering to the detection end of the arc detection sensor 251 and affecting the detection accuracy, and extending the service life of the device's detection module.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0048] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adjustable grinding device for machining hardware parts, comprising a bed assembly (100) and a grinding mechanism (200) connected to the top of the bed assembly (100), characterized in that: The bed assembly (100) includes a carrier (101), a power motor (102), a three-jaw chuck (103), and a tailstock pin (104). The three-jaw chuck (103) is fixed on the output shaft of the power motor (102). The tailstock pin (104) is coaxially disposed at the end of the three-jaw chuck (103) away from the power motor (102). A tubular hardware component (300) is provided between the three-jaw chuck (103) and the tailstock pin (104). A hardware component contour scanner (400) for detecting the curvature of the outer surface of the tubular hardware component (300) is fixed on one side of the top of the carrier (101). The polishing mechanism (200) includes a vertical frame (210) fixed to the top of the support body (101) and a sliding seat (220) movable along the height direction of the vertical frame (210). A polishing unit (230) is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding seat (220) away from the vertical frame (210). The sliding seat (220) drives the polishing unit (230) to move up and down to polish the outer surface of tubular hardware parts (300) of different diameters. The polishing unit (230) includes a connecting part and a polishing part. The connecting part is provided with a reciprocating drive mechanism (240) for driving the polishing part and an arc scanning mechanism (250). A height adjustment drive assembly (260) for driving the sliding seat (220) to move along the height direction is also provided on the side of the vertical frame (210) near the sliding seat (220).

2. The adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier (101) is a bed, and the power motor (102) is fixedly installed at one end of the top surface of the carrier (101), with the output shaft of the power motor (102) facing the other end of the carrier (101). The positioning end of the tailstock pin (104) faces the three-jaw chuck (103) and cooperates with the three-jaw chuck (103) to form a positioning structure for both ends of the tubular hardware (300).

3. The adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the vertical frame (210) is fixed to the top of the bed assembly (100), and the sliding seat (220) is slidably assembled with the vertical frame (210) via a linear guide. There are two sets of grinding units (230), and the two sets of grinding units (230) are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the sliding seat (220).

4. The adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting part includes a connecting seat (231) fixed to the side end of the sliding seat (220) away from the vertical frame (210). Each end of the inner side of the connecting seat (231) is provided with a set of swing frames (232), and each set of swing frames (232) is provided with two guide groove wheels (233) that are distributed vertically and horizontally inside. The grinding section includes two upper and lower arc-shaped support bars (234) that are jointly inserted between two upper and lower guide groove wheels (233) inside the two sets of swing frames (232). The two upper and lower arc-shaped support bars (234) are fixed together, and the specifications of the two upper and lower arc-shaped support bars (234) are adapted to the specifications of the upper and lower guide groove wheels (233). The bottom surface of the lower arc-shaped support bar (234) abuts against the top wall of the groove of the lower guide groove wheel (233), and the top surface of the upper arc-shaped support bar (234) abuts against the top wall of the upper guide groove wheel (233). 33) The bottom walls of the wheel grooves abut against each other, and the width of the arc-shaped support bar (234) matches the width of the wheel groove of the guide groove wheel (233), forming a positioning structure of the arc-shaped support bar (234) along the radial direction of the guide groove wheel (233). The upper part of the side surface of the swing frame (232) near the connecting seat (231) is fixedly provided with a swing shaft (238). The swing shaft (238) is rotatably assembled with the connecting seat (231) through a bearing, and the swing shaft (238) extends through the connecting seat (231) to the other side of the connecting seat (231).

5. The adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper arc-shaped support bar (234) has a mounting groove (235) on its bottom surface to accommodate a grinding disc (236). The grinding disc (236) is inserted into two mounting grooves (235) symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the sliding seat (220) and is fixed to the arc-shaped support bar (234) by bolts. The grinding disc (236) is made of flexible material.

6. The adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two parallel fixed pressure strips (237) are fixed between the two arc-shaped support strips (234) at the upper end. The top surface of the two sides of the grinding disc (236) is fixed to the bottom surface of the corresponding fixed pressure strip (237) by Velcro hook and loop fasteners.

7. The adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two swing shafts (238) are each fixed with a swing arm (239) on their periphery. The two swing arms (239) are angularly symmetrically distributed along the two swing shafts (238). The free ends of the two swing arms (239) are hinged together with a hinged connecting rod (2310). A lockable arc adjustment motor (2311) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the connecting seat (231). The lockable arc adjustment motor (2311) is fixedly connected to the end of one of the swing shafts (238).

8. The adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of reciprocating drive mechanisms (240) is two sets, and they correspond to two sets of grinding units (230) respectively. Each set of reciprocating drive mechanisms (240) includes two transmission sprockets (241) that are fixedly connected to the ends of the central shafts of two guide groove wheels (233) of the same height in the corresponding set of grinding units (230), and an idler wheel (242) that is rotatably disposed at one end of the outer side of the connecting seat (231). A reciprocating drive motor (243) is fixedly disposed at one end of the inner side of the connecting seat (231) away from the idler wheel (242). The output shaft of the reciprocating drive motor (243) passes through the connecting seat (231) and extends to the other side. A drive sprocket (244) is fixedly provided on the output shaft of the reciprocating drive motor (243). A drive chain (245) is wound around the periphery of the two drive sprockets (241), the idler wheel (242) and the drive sprocket (244). A chain tensioner (246) is fixedly provided in the middle of the outer side of the connecting seat (231). The tensioning end of the chain tensioner (246) abuts against the surface of the drive chain (245).

9. The adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc scanning mechanism (250) includes two arc detection sensors (251), which are located between two connecting seats (231). Two horizontally distributed guide optical axes (252) are fixedly mounted on opposite sides of each of the two arc detection sensors (251). A mounting base (253) is fixed to the end of each guide optical axis (252) away from the arc detection sensor (251). A spring is coaxially sleeved around each guide optical axis (252). 254), the two ends of the spring (254) abut against the connecting seat (231) and the mounting seat (253) respectively. A magnetic block (255) is fixedly provided on one side of the mounting seat (253) near the connecting seat (231). A magnetic mounting bracket (256) is fixedly provided on the top of the vertical frame (210). Two electromagnets (257) are fixedly provided at the bottom of the magnetic mounting bracket (256) facing away from each other. The two electromagnets (257) correspond to the two magnetic blocks (255) respectively. The arc scanning mechanism (250) also includes a dust suction hood (258) fixed between two connecting seats (231), and the dust suction hood (258) has two dust suction ports (259) symmetrically distributed about its own central axis on its top.

10. An adjustable grinding device for processing hardware parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: The height adjustment drive assembly (260) includes a motor mounting bracket (261) fixedly mounted on the top of the vertical frame (210), a magnetic mounting bracket (256) fixedly mounted on the side of the motor mounting bracket (261), a lifting servo motor (262) fixedly mounted on the top of the motor mounting bracket (261), the output shaft of the lifting servo motor (262) movably passing through the motor mounting bracket (261), a transmission screw (263) fixedly mounted at the lower end of the output shaft of the lifting servo motor (262), a screw nut seat (264) threaded around the transmission screw (263), and the screw nut seat (264) fixedly mounted on the top of the sliding seat (220).

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