A cutting knife base material precision grinding forming equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a cutting knife base material precision grinding forming equipment, and belongs to the technical field of precision grinding. The structure can improve the precision grinding forming efficiency of the cutting knife base material. The equipment comprises a three-dimensional scanning module, a space registration allowance analysis module, a grinding track planning module, a numerical control compiling module, a self-adaptive grinding control module, an online measurement module and an error compensation module. The cutting knife base material is scanned to obtain initial point cloud data. The initial point cloud data is registered to obtain three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data. Grinding track data is generated. The grinding track data is compiled to obtain processing instruction code. The cutting knife base material is ground to obtain a cutting knife semi-finished product. The cutting knife semi-finished product is measured to obtain actual three-dimensional profile data. Space error compensation data is generated. The space error compensation data is superimposed on the grinding track data, and the cutting knife semi-finished product is finely ground to obtain a cutting knife finished product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision grinding technology, specifically to a precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting tool substrates. Background Technology

[0002] Existing technologies have significant shortcomings in the data acquisition and allowance analysis stages before processing. The lack of a comprehensive and accurate 3D scan of the cutting tool substrate makes it difficult to obtain complete and denoised initial point cloud data. Furthermore, the absence of a spatial registration process based on the target 3D design data makes it impossible to accurately generate 3D grinding allowance distribution field data. This results in a lack of scientific basis for grinding trajectory planning, making it difficult to adapt to the actual allowance distribution of the substrate and affecting grinding accuracy.

[0003] Existing technologies have significant shortcomings in grinding control and error correction. During grinding, the feed rate cannot be adjusted in real time according to the allowance in different areas, making adaptive grinding difficult. The lack of online optical measurement means that the actual three-dimensional contour data of the semi-finished cutting tool cannot be obtained in a timely manner, making it difficult to detect processing deviations. Furthermore, the absence of a systematic error compensation mechanism prevents the back-addition of deviation data to the grinding trajectory for fine grinding correction, resulting in poor contour accuracy and dimensional stability of the final product, which fails to meet the requirements for precision cutting tools. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrates, which can achieve adaptive precision grinding and closed-loop error compensation to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This application provides a precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrates. The equipment includes a three-dimensional scanning module, a spatial registration allowance analysis module, a grinding trajectory planning module, a CNC compilation module, an adaptive grinding control module, an online measurement module, and an error compensation module.

[0006] The three-dimensional scanning module is used to perform three-dimensional digital scanning on the cutting blade substrate to obtain the initial point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate;

[0007] The spatial registration allowance analysis module is used to perform spatial registration on the initial point cloud data based on the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data to obtain the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0008] The grinding trajectory planning module is used to generate grinding trajectory data of the cutting tool substrate based on the grinding process parameters of the cutting tool substrate and the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data.

[0009] The CNC compilation module is used to perform CNC compilation on the grinding trajectory data to obtain the processing instruction code of the cutting tool substrate;

[0010] The adaptive grinding control module is used to control the CNC grinding machine of the cutting tool substrate to perform adaptive grinding on the cutting tool substrate according to the processing instruction code, so as to obtain the cutting tool semi-finished product of the cutting tool substrate;

[0011] The online measurement module is used to perform online optical measurement on the semi-finished cutting blade to obtain the actual three-dimensional contour data of the cutting blade substrate. The actual three-dimensional contour data is compared and analyzed with the three-dimensional design data of the target cutting blade to generate spatial error compensation data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0012] The error compensation module is used to superimpose the spatial error compensation data onto the grinding trajectory data in reverse to perform error compensation fine grinding on the semi-finished cutting blade to obtain the finished cutting blade of the cutting blade substrate.

[0013] Furthermore, when the 3D scanning module performs a 3D digital scan of the cutting blade substrate to obtain the initial point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate, it is specifically used for:

[0014] The 3D scanner of the cutting blade substrate is activated to perform multi-angle scanning on the cutting blade substrate, thereby obtaining multi-angle point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate;

[0015] Based on the geometric features of the cutting blade substrate, the point cloud data collected from different angles in the multi-angle point cloud data are fused by coordinate alignment to obtain the complete surface point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0016] The complete surface point cloud data is subjected to noise reduction filtering to obtain the initial point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0017] Furthermore, when the spatial registration allowance analysis module performs spatial registration of the initial point cloud data based on the preset target cutting tool 3D design data to obtain the 3D grinding allowance distribution field data of the cutting tool substrate, it is specifically used for:

[0018] Extract the reference feature information from the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade. The reference feature information includes the blade tip profile, blade curve, and blade body symmetry plane of the target cutting blade.

[0019] Identify the measured feature information in the initial point cloud data that corresponds to the baseline feature information;

[0020] The measured feature information is spatially aligned with the reference feature information to obtain the spatial transformation relationship between the initial point cloud data and the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade.

[0021] Based on the spatial transformation relationship, the initial point cloud data is mapped to the coordinate system of the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data to obtain the normalized point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate;

[0022] At the same spatial location, the normalized point cloud data is compared point by point with the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade to obtain the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0023] Furthermore, when the grinding trajectory planning module generates grinding trajectory data for the cutting tool substrate based on the grinding process parameters of the cutting tool substrate and the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data, it is specifically used for:

[0024] Extract the grinding removal amount corresponding to the spatial position on the surface of the cutting tool substrate from the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data to obtain the grinding removal amount distribution map of the cutting tool substrate;

[0025] Based on the grinding wheel geometry parameters of the grinding process parameters of the cutting tool substrate, a grinding wheel coordinate system of the cutting tool substrate is constructed, and the grinding removal amount distribution map is mapped onto the grinding wheel coordinate system to obtain the preliminary path planning data of the cutting tool substrate.

[0026] Based on the grinding depth and feed rate in the grinding process parameters, the preliminary path planning data is discretized to obtain the tool position sequence of the cutting tool substrate.

[0027] Based on the tool path strategy in the grinding process parameters, the tool position sequence is sorted and connected to obtain the grinding path data of the cutting tool substrate;

[0028] The grinding path data is integrated with the process instruction information in the grinding process parameters to obtain the grinding trajectory data of the cutting tool substrate.

[0029] Furthermore, when the CNC compilation module performs CNC compilation on the grinding trajectory data to obtain the machining instruction code for the cutting tool substrate, it is specifically used for:

[0030] The grinding trajectory data is analyzed to extract the coordinates of the tool trajectory points at the processing positions on the surface of the cutting tool substrate, as well as the feed rate, spindle speed, and grinding depth parameters corresponding to the trajectory points;

[0031] According to the instruction format of the CNC system in the cutting tool substrate, the coordinates of the tool trajectory points are converted into coordinate axis motion instructions that the CNC system can recognize;

[0032] The feed rate, the spindle speed, and the grinding depth parameters are respectively converted into corresponding feed function words, spindle function words, and tool function words;

[0033] Based on the machining sequence in the grinding trajectory data, the coordinate axis motion commands are combined with the corresponding feed function words, spindle function words and tool function words to obtain the CNC program segment of the cutting tool substrate;

[0034] Add a program start instruction and a process initialization instruction at the beginning of the CNC program segment, and add a program end instruction at the end of the CNC program segment to obtain the processing instruction code for the cutting tool substrate.

[0035] Furthermore, when the CNC compilation module converts the feed rate, spindle speed, and grinding depth parameters into corresponding feed function words, spindle function words, and tool function words, it specifically performs the following functions:

[0036] The grinding trajectory data is analyzed to extract the tool position coordinates of the processing position on the surface of the cutting tool substrate, as well as the feed rate value, spindle speed value and grinding depth parameter value corresponding to the tool position coordinates.

[0037] According to the address word addressing rules of the CNC system, the feed speed value is assigned an address symbol to obtain the feed function word of the feed speed value;

[0038] According to the address word addressing rules of the CNC system, the spindle speed value is assigned an address character to obtain the spindle function word of the spindle speed value;

[0039] According to the tool compensation addressing rules of the CNC system, the grinding depth parameter value is associated with the corresponding tool compensation number, and the tool compensation number is assigned an address character to obtain the tool function word of the tool compensation number.

[0040] Furthermore, when the adaptive grinding control module executes the CNC grinding machine that controls the cutting tool substrate to perform adaptive grinding on the cutting tool substrate according to the processing instruction code to obtain the cutting tool semi-finished product, it is specifically used for:

[0041] The processing instruction code is input into the CNC system corresponding to the CNC grinding machine of the cutting blade substrate;

[0042] Based on the CNC system, the machining instruction code is parametrically interpolated to obtain the motion control instructions for the feed axis and the spindle rotation control instructions in the CNC grinding machine.

[0043] The feed axis is driven to move in conjunction with the motion control command, and the grinding wheel is driven to rotate according to the spindle operation control command, so that the grinding wheel contacts the surface of the cutting tool substrate according to the trajectory planned in the processing command code to remove material;

[0044] During the grinding process, the CNC system adjusts the movement rate of the feed axis in real time according to the feed rate value set in the machining instruction code for different grinding areas, so as to achieve a feed rate that is adapted to the area allowance in the grinding area.

[0045] After the CNC system executes all program segments of the machining instruction code, it stops the rotation of the grinding wheel and the movement of the feed axis to obtain the semi-finished cutting blade of the cutting blade substrate.

[0046] Furthermore, when the online measurement module performs online optical measurement on the semi-finished cutting blade to obtain the actual three-dimensional contour data of the cutting blade substrate, and compares and analyzes the deviation between the actual three-dimensional contour data and the preset target three-dimensional design data of the cutting blade to generate spatial error compensation data for the cutting blade substrate, it is specifically used for:

[0047] The surface of the cutting blade semi-finished product is scanned, and the spatial coordinates of the surface of the cutting blade semi-finished product are collected to generate measurement point cloud data of the cutting blade semi-finished product;

[0048] The measured point cloud data is spatially registered with the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade to obtain the registered measured point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0049] In the coordinate system of the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data, the normal deviation of the measurement point in the registered measurement point cloud data relative to the corresponding theoretical point in the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data is determined, and the deviation value set of the measurement point is generated;

[0050] Spatial interpolation is performed on the deviation value set of the measurement points to obtain the continuous deviation distribution on the surface of the semi-finished cutting blade;

[0051] Spatial error compensation data for the cutting blade substrate is generated based on the continuous deviation distribution.

[0052] Furthermore, when the error compensation module performs the reverse superposition of the spatial error compensation data onto the grinding trajectory data to perform error-compensated fine grinding on the semi-finished cutting tool to obtain the finished cutting tool from the cutting tool substrate, it is specifically used for:

[0053] The spatial error compensation data is used to offset the coordinates of the tool position in the reverse direction of the normal direction of the tool position contained in the grinding trajectory data according to the spatial position correspondence, so as to generate the corrected grinding trajectory data.

[0054] The corrected grinding trajectory data is input into the post-processor of the cutting tool substrate, and the post-processor compiles and generates the corrected machining instruction code.

[0055] The modified machining instruction code is input into the CNC system of the CNC grinding machine to control the CNC grinding machine to perform fine grinding on the cutting blade semi-finished product, thereby obtaining the cutting blade finished product of the cutting blade substrate.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0057] Beneficial effects.

[0058] 1. This invention provides a high-quality foundation for the grinding and forming of cutting tool substrates through precise data acquisition and trajectory planning. The cutting tool substrate undergoes multi-angle 3D scanning and point cloud fusion with noise reduction to obtain complete and accurate initial point cloud data. Spatial registration is performed based on the target 3D design data to generate detailed 3D grinding allowance distribution field data. Grinding trajectories adapted to different areas of allowance are planned in conjunction with grinding process parameters, and then converted into precise machining instruction codes via CNC compilation, ensuring the accuracy and specificity of the grinding process.

[0059] 2. This invention significantly improves the precision and stability of the finished cutting tool by utilizing adaptive grinding and closed-loop error compensation. The feed rate is adjusted in real-time according to the processing instructions, achieving efficient grinding to obtain a semi-finished cutting tool. Actual three-dimensional contour data is acquired through online optical measurement and compared with the target design data to generate spatial error compensation data. This error data is then superimposed onto the grinding trajectory for fine grinding, effectively correcting processing deviations and ultimately yielding a finished cutting tool with a regular contour, accurate dimensions, and reliable performance, meeting the high standards of precision grinding.

[0060] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in detail in the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, a precision grinding and forming device for a cutting blade substrate is provided, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown,

[0064] The three-dimensional scanning module is used to perform three-dimensional digital scanning on the cutting blade substrate to obtain the initial point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate;

[0065] In this embodiment, when the 3D scanning module performs a 3D digital scan of the cutting blade substrate to obtain the initial point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate, it is specifically used for:

[0066] The 3D scanner of the cutting blade substrate is activated to perform multi-angle scanning on the cutting blade substrate, thereby obtaining multi-angle point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate;

[0067] Based on the geometric features of the cutting blade substrate, the point cloud data collected from different angles in the multi-angle point cloud data are fused by coordinate alignment to obtain the complete surface point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0068] The complete surface point cloud data is subjected to noise reduction filtering to obtain the initial point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0069] The cutting blade substrate is fixed on the dedicated scanning platform of the 3D scanner, ensuring that the substrate surface is unobstructed and completely within the scanning range of the scanner. After the 3D scanner is started, the detection signal emitted by the scanner will cover all directions of the cutting blade substrate. By adjusting the angle of the scanning platform and the detection angle of the scanner, the cutting blade substrate is fully scanned from multiple different perspectives such as the front, side, back, top, and bottom. During each angle scan, the three-dimensional spatial coordinate information of the substrate surface is captured and converted into point cloud data. These point cloud data obtained from different angles together constitute the multi-angle point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate. The data source of this multi-angle point cloud data is the scanning results of the 3D scanner on the cutting blade substrate from different angles.

[0070] The geometric features of the cutting blade substrate are clearly defined, including its overall shape, edge contour, and inherent structural characteristics such as surface protrusions and depressions. A fixed geometric feature of the substrate is used as a reference, such as a flat end face or a straight edge of the substrate, as an alignment reference. By spatially matching the feature points corresponding to this reference in point cloud data collected from different angles, the spatial coordinates of the point cloud data from each angle are adjusted to unify all point cloud data into the same three-dimensional coordinate system. Then, data fusion technology is used to integrate and stitch together these coordinate-aligned point cloud data to eliminate overlapping and redundant parts between point cloud data from different angles, forming a point cloud set that can completely reflect the surface morphology of the cutting blade substrate. This results in complete surface point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate, which is derived from the fusion result of multi-angle point cloud data after coordinate alignment.

[0071] A Gaussian filtering method is used to denoise the complete surface point cloud data. The complete surface point cloud data is imported into the filtering system, which analyzes the spatial positional relationship of each point cloud and its surrounding adjacent point clouds, and identifies anomalies that do not conform to the spatial distribution pattern of the surrounding point clouds. These anomalies are noise points generated during the scanning process due to environmental interference, equipment errors, etc. By retaining point clouds that conform to the normal distribution pattern and removing these noise points, the gaps in the data after the noise points are removed are smoothed, so that the point cloud data can truly and accurately reflect the surface morphology of the cutting blade substrate. After processing, the initial point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate is obtained. The data source of this initial point cloud data is the result of the complete surface point cloud data after denoising and filtering.

[0072] The beneficial effect is that by scanning the cutting substrate from multiple angles using a 3D scanner, the surface spatial coordinate information of the substrate from all directions can be fully captured, avoiding information omissions caused by scanning from a single angle, and obtaining multi-angle point cloud data with complete coverage and rich details, laying the foundation for subsequent accurate analysis of the substrate morphology.

[0073] By performing coordinate alignment and fusion of multi-angle point cloud data based on the geometric features of the cutting blade substrate, point cloud data from different perspectives can be unified into the same three-dimensional coordinate system, eliminating positional deviations caused by angle differences, and forming complete surface point cloud data that can fully and realistically reflect the surface morphology of the substrate, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent allowance analysis.

[0074] Denoising filtering of complete surface point cloud data can effectively remove abnormal noise points caused by environmental interference and equipment errors during the scanning process. At the same time, it smooths the data gaps, making the point cloud data more consistent with the actual surface condition of the substrate, and obtaining accurate and reliable initial point cloud data. This provides high-quality data support for subsequent spatial registration, trajectory planning and other processes, and ensures the precision of the cutting blade grinding and forming.

[0075] The spatial registration allowance analysis module is used to perform spatial registration on the initial point cloud data based on the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data to obtain the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0076] In this embodiment, when the spatial registration allowance analysis module performs spatial registration on the initial point cloud data based on the preset target cutting tool's three-dimensional design data to obtain the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data of the cutting tool substrate, it is specifically used for:

[0077] Extract the reference feature information from the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade. The reference feature information includes the blade tip profile, blade curve, and blade body symmetry plane of the target cutting blade.

[0078] Identify the measured feature information in the initial point cloud data that corresponds to the baseline feature information;

[0079] The measured feature information is spatially aligned with the reference feature information to obtain the spatial transformation relationship between the initial point cloud data and the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade.

[0080] Based on the spatial transformation relationship, the initial point cloud data is mapped to the coordinate system of the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data to obtain the normalized point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate;

[0081] At the same spatial location, the normalized point cloud data is compared point by point with the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade to obtain the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0082] The 3D design data of the target cutting blade is retrieved. This data comes from the design document and digital modeling results of the cutting blade. Features are extracted from the data using a 3D data analysis tool, with a focus on identifying the blade tip profile, which is the shape curve of the cutting tip at the very front of the blade, encompassing the curvature change and spatial orientation of the tip. The blade edge curve is extracted, which is the continuous curve formed by the sharp edge of the cutting blade used for cutting operations, including the blade's tilt angle and bending shape. The blade body symmetry plane is extracted, which is a virtual plane that can evenly divide the blade body into two parts with completely symmetrical structures on both sides. Through these features, the core structural benchmarks of the target cutting blade are identified, and the benchmark feature information composed of the blade tip profile, blade edge curve, and blade body symmetry plane is obtained. The data source of this benchmark feature information is the feature analysis results of the 3D design data of the target cutting blade.

[0083] The initial point cloud data is imported into the feature recognition system. This initial point cloud data originates from the processing results of the cutting blade substrate after 3D scanning and noise reduction filtering. The system analyzes the spatial distribution pattern and morphological characteristics of the point cloud data, compares it with the blade tip contour morphology in the reference feature information, and finds the set of tip point clouds in the initial point cloud data whose spatial position and curvature characteristics match, as the measured blade tip contour. Based on the blade curve direction of the reference feature information, the system identifies a continuously distributed point cloud sequence in the initial point cloud data that conforms to the blade angle characteristics, as the measured blade curve. According to the blade body symmetry characteristics of the reference feature information, the system determines a virtual plane in the initial point cloud data that can uniformly divide the blade body point cloud, as the measured blade body symmetry plane. These identified features together constitute the measured feature information corresponding to the reference feature information. The data source of this measured feature information is the feature matching result of the initial point cloud data.

[0084] Using the blade symmetry plane in the reference feature information as the primary alignment reference, the measured blade symmetry plane is adjusted to completely coincide with the reference blade symmetry plane. Then, the tip of the measured blade tip profile is aligned with the tip of the reference blade tip profile. Subsequently, according to the direction of the blade curve, the spatial attitude of the initial point cloud data is finely adjusted so that the measured blade curve and the reference blade curve are completely aligned in space. Through this series of spatial attitude adjustments, the translation and rotation relationship between the initial point cloud data and the preset target cutting blade 3D design data is established. This relationship can accurately describe the position and attitude correspondence between the two sets of data in 3D space, and the spatial transformation relationship between the initial point cloud data and the preset target cutting blade 3D design data is obtained. The data source of this spatial transformation relationship is the spatial alignment result between the measured feature information and the reference feature information.

[0085] Based on the established spatial transformation relationship, each point cloud in the initial point cloud data is spatially transformed according to the transformation rules. That is, the initial point cloud data is transferred from its original coordinate system to the coordinate system used by the preset target cutting blade 3D design data, so that the two sets of data are under the same spatial reference frame. During the transformation process, the relative positional relationship of the initial point cloud data is strictly maintained, and only its overall spatial coordinates and orientation are changed. This ensures that the transformed point cloud data can accurately reflect the actual spatial position of the cutting blade substrate relative to the target design, and the normalized point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate is obtained. The data source of this normalized point cloud data is the transformation result of the initial point cloud data after spatial transformation.

[0086] Under the same coordinate system, each point cloud in the normalized point cloud data is selected one by one according to the same spatial position order and compared with the corresponding design point in the preset target cutting blade 3D design data. The spatial distance between each corresponding point is calculated. This distance is the grinding allowance of the cutting blade substrate at that position. For example, at a certain point on the blade tip contour, if there is a certain spatial distance between the point in the normalized point cloud data and the design point, this distance is the thickness of the material to be ground away at that point. The grinding allowances at all positions are integrated according to their spatial distribution to form a dataset that can comprehensively reflect the size and distribution of the grinding allowance of each part of the cutting blade substrate. The 3D grinding allowance distribution field data of the cutting blade substrate is obtained. The data source of this 3D grinding allowance distribution field data is the point-by-point comparison result between the normalized point cloud data and the preset target cutting blade 3D design data.

[0087] The beneficial effect is that by extracting the blade tip contour, blade curve, and blade body symmetry plane from the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade as the reference feature information, the core reference basis for spatial registration is clarified, providing a precise standard for subsequent actual measurement feature alignment.

[0088] By identifying the measured feature information corresponding to the reference feature information from the initial point cloud data, the actual shape of the substrate and the target design features are accurately matched, ensuring the pertinence and effectiveness of the registration process.

[0089] Spatially aligning the measured feature information with the benchmark feature information establishes a spatial transformation relationship between the initial point cloud data and the target design data, eliminating the differences between the two in spatial position and attitude, and laying a unified foundation for data comparison.

[0090] Based on the spatial transformation relationship, the initial point cloud data is mapped to the coordinate system of the target design data to obtain normalized point cloud data, so that the actual data of the substrate and the target design data are in the same spatial reference frame, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent margin calculation.

[0091] By comparing normalized point cloud data with target design data point by point, the grinding allowance at each spatial location is accurately obtained. This data is then integrated to form a three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field, which comprehensively reflects the allowance distribution of each part of the substrate. This provides a scientific and accurate basis for grinding trajectory planning, ensuring that the grinding process can accurately adapt to the actual allowance of the substrate and improve the forming accuracy of the cutting tool.

[0092] The grinding trajectory planning module is used to generate grinding trajectory data of the cutting tool substrate based on the grinding process parameters of the cutting tool substrate and the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data.

[0093] In this embodiment, when the grinding trajectory planning module generates grinding trajectory data for the cutting tool substrate based on the grinding process parameters of the cutting tool substrate and the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data, it is specifically used for:

[0094] Extract the grinding removal amount corresponding to the spatial position on the surface of the cutting tool substrate from the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data to obtain the grinding removal amount distribution map of the cutting tool substrate;

[0095] Based on the grinding wheel geometry parameters of the grinding process parameters of the cutting tool substrate, a grinding wheel coordinate system of the cutting tool substrate is constructed, and the grinding removal amount distribution map is mapped onto the grinding wheel coordinate system to obtain the preliminary path planning data of the cutting tool substrate.

[0096] Based on the grinding depth and feed rate in the grinding process parameters, the preliminary path planning data is discretized to obtain the tool position sequence of the cutting tool substrate.

[0097] Based on the tool path strategy in the grinding process parameters, the tool position sequence is sorted and connected to obtain the grinding path data of the cutting tool substrate;

[0098] The grinding path data is integrated with the process instruction information in the grinding process parameters to obtain the grinding trajectory data of the cutting tool substrate.

[0099] The three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data is retrieved. This data comes from the point-by-point comparison results between the normalized point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate and the preset target three-dimensional design data of the cutting blade. The data distribution field data is traversed by a data analysis tool to extract the grinding removal amount corresponding to each spatial position of the cutting blade substrate. These spatial positions cover all parts that need to be ground, such as the blade tip, blade edge, blade side and end face. The grinding removal amount of each position is associated with its corresponding spatial coordinates and organized according to the spatial distribution law to form a dataset that intuitively reflects the thickness of material to be removed in each area. This results in a grinding removal amount distribution map of the cutting blade substrate. The data source of this grinding removal amount distribution map is the extraction and integration results of the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data.

[0100] The grinding wheel geometry parameters in the grinding process parameters of the cutting tool substrate are obtained. These parameters are derived from the preset grinding process scheme, including core information such as the shape, diameter, width of the grinding wheel, and the distribution pattern of abrasive grains on the grinding wheel surface. A grinding wheel coordinate system is established with the central axis of the grinding wheel as the reference. The spatial position and orientation of the grinding wheel in this coordinate system are determined. Each spatial position and its corresponding grinding removal amount in the grinding removal amount distribution map are transformed into the established grinding wheel coordinate system according to the relative positional relationship between the grinding wheel and the cutting tool substrate. This ensures that the distribution of grinding removal amount corresponds to the working range of the grinding wheel, clarifies the grinding area that the grinding wheel needs to cover and the removal requirements of each area, and obtains the preliminary path planning data for the cutting tool substrate. The data source of this preliminary path planning data is the mapping result between the grinding removal amount distribution map and the grinding wheel coordinate system.

[0101] Referring to the grinding depth and feed rate in the grinding process parameters, which are derived from the preset grinding process plan, the grinding depth specifies the thickness of the material that the grinding wheel cuts into the substrate in each grinding operation, and the feed rate specifies the moving speed of the grinding wheel during the grinding process. Based on these two parameters, the continuous grinding path in the preliminary path planning data is decomposed into a series of discontinuous micro-segments. Each micro-segment corresponds to one grinding action. Specific spatial coordinate points are set at the start and end points of each micro-segment. These coordinate points are the precise positions that the grinding wheel needs to reach during the operation, forming an ordered set of coordinate points. This yields the tool position sequence of the cutting tool substrate. The data source for this tool position sequence is the result of discretization processing of the preliminary path planning data.

[0102] Based on the tool path strategy in the grinding process parameters, which originates from the preset grinding process scheme, including specific methods such as forward tool path, reverse tool path, and reciprocating tool path, for example, when selecting the reciprocating tool path strategy, the coordinate points in the tool point sequence are reordered according to the sequence of starting from one end of the cutting tool substrate, moving along the cutting edge curve to the other end, and then turning back in the opposite direction. This ensures that the sorted points can form a continuous and efficient grinding path. Then, adjacent tool point positions are connected by straight lines or curves to make the transition between each point smooth, avoid impact or stoppage during grinding, form a complete grinding path outline, and obtain the grinding path data of the cutting tool substrate. The data source of this grinding path data is the result of sorting and connecting the tool point sequence.

[0103] The process command information in the grinding process parameters is collected. This information comes from the preset grinding process plan, including grinding start signal, grinding stop signal, grinding wheel speed adjustment command, and cooling system switch command. This process command information is integrated with the grinding path data. According to the sequence of grinding operations, a start command is added at the beginning of the grinding path, a corresponding speed or feed rate adjustment command is matched at each tool position switching point, and a stop command and cooling system shut-off command are added at the end of the grinding path. The integrated dataset contains both the grinding wheel movement path and complete operation control commands, resulting in the grinding trajectory data of the cutting tool substrate. The data source of this grinding trajectory data is the integration result of the grinding path data and the process command information.

[0104] The beneficial effect is that the amount of grinding removal is extracted from the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data and a distribution map is formed, which clearly shows the thickness of the material to be removed from each part of the substrate, providing accurate and intuitive allowance basis for trajectory planning.

[0105] Based on the grinding wheel's geometric parameters, a grinding wheel coordinate system is constructed and mapped to a grinding removal distribution map, so that the allowance distribution is precisely matched with the grinding wheel's working range, the grinding wheel's grinding area and removal requirements are clearly defined, and targeted preliminary path planning data is generated.

[0106] The preliminary path planning data is discretized according to the grinding depth and feed rate to obtain an ordered sequence of tool position points, which clarifies the precise spatial position of the grinding wheel operation and ensures the accurate execution of grinding actions.

[0107] The tool position sequence is sorted and connected according to the tool path strategy to form smooth and efficient grinding path data, avoiding impacts and pauses in the grinding process and improving the continuity and efficiency of the machining.

[0108] By integrating grinding path data and process instruction information, the grinding trajectory data includes both the grinding wheel movement path and complete operation control instructions, providing comprehensive and standardized data support for CNC compilation, ensuring a high degree of fit between the grinding process and process requirements, and guaranteeing the precision forming of the cutting tool substrate.

[0109] The CNC compilation module is used to perform CNC compilation on the grinding trajectory data to obtain the processing instruction code of the cutting tool substrate;

[0110] In this embodiment, when the CNC compilation module performs CNC compilation on the grinding trajectory data to obtain the machining instruction code for the cutting tool substrate, it is specifically used for:

[0111] The grinding trajectory data is analyzed to extract the coordinates of the tool trajectory points at the processing positions on the surface of the cutting tool substrate, as well as the feed rate, spindle speed, and grinding depth parameters corresponding to the trajectory points;

[0112] According to the instruction format of the CNC system in the cutting tool substrate, the coordinates of the tool trajectory points are converted into coordinate axis motion instructions that the CNC system can recognize;

[0113] The feed rate, the spindle speed, and the grinding depth parameters are respectively converted into corresponding feed function words, spindle function words, and tool function words;

[0114] Based on the machining sequence in the grinding trajectory data, the coordinate axis motion commands are combined with the corresponding feed function words, spindle function words and tool function words to obtain the CNC program segment of the cutting tool substrate;

[0115] Add a program start instruction and a process initialization instruction at the beginning of the CNC program segment, and add a program end instruction at the end of the CNC program segment to obtain the processing instruction code for the cutting tool substrate.

[0116] When the CNC compiler module executes the conversion of the feed rate, spindle speed, and grinding depth parameters into corresponding feed function words, spindle function words, and tool function words, it is specifically used for:

[0117] The grinding trajectory data is analyzed to extract the tool position coordinates of the processing position on the surface of the cutting tool substrate, as well as the feed rate value, spindle speed value and grinding depth parameter value corresponding to the tool position coordinates.

[0118] According to the address word addressing rules of the CNC system, the feed speed value is assigned an address symbol to obtain the feed function word of the feed speed value;

[0119] According to the address word addressing rules of the CNC system, the spindle speed value is assigned an address character to obtain the spindle function word of the spindle speed value;

[0120] According to the tool compensation addressing rules of the CNC system, the grinding depth parameter value is associated with the corresponding tool compensation number, and the tool compensation number is assigned an address character to obtain the tool function word of the tool compensation number.

[0121] The grinding trajectory data is imported into the CNC compilation system. This grinding trajectory data is derived from the integration of grinding path data and process instruction information in grinding process parameters. The system performs a comprehensive analysis on it, extracting the coordinates of the tool trajectory points corresponding to each machining position on the substrate surface of the cutting tool from the trajectory data. These coordinates accurately identify the spatial position that the grinding wheel needs to reach during the machining process. At the same time, the feed rate corresponding to each trajectory point is extracted, which determines how fast the grinding wheel moves at that position, the spindle speed, which controls the rotational speed of the grinding wheel, and the grinding depth, which determines the thickness of the material that the grinding wheel cuts into the substrate at that position. All the extracted information together constitutes the core data set required for machining. The data source of this core data set is the analysis result of the grinding trajectory data.

[0122] The instruction format requirements of the CNC system adapted to the cutting tool substrate are clearly defined. These requirements are derived from the technical specifications of the CNC system. The extracted tool trajectory point coordinates are converted according to the coordinate axis identification method and numerical expression form specified by the CNC system. For example, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates are converted into the motion instruction format of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis in the CNC system. This ensures that the converted instructions can be accurately recognized by the CNC system. The movement direction and distance of each coordinate axis are clearly defined, forming coordinate axis motion instructions that the CNC system can directly execute. The data source of these coordinate axis motion instructions is the conversion result of the tool trajectory point coordinates according to the CNC system instruction format.

[0123] The extracted feed rate parameters are converted according to the CNC system's feed function word encoding rules to generate corresponding feed function words. These function words inform the CNC system of the feed rate during the grinding process. The spindle speed parameters are converted according to the CNC system's spindle function word encoding rules to generate corresponding spindle function words. These function words control the spindle's rotational speed. The grinding depth parameters are converted according to the CNC system's tool function word encoding rules to generate corresponding tool function words. These function words specify the depth of cut of the grinding wheel. All these function words conform to the CNC system's recognition standards, and their data sources are the encoding conversion results of the corresponding feed rate, spindle speed, and grinding depth parameters, respectively.

[0124] Referring to the machining sequence determined in the grinding trajectory data, which originates from the preset process of the grinding operation, each coordinate axis motion command is matched one by one with the corresponding feed function word, spindle function word, and tool function word, and arranged sequentially according to the machining order. This ensures that each machining step contains complete position and parameter commands. For example, after the coordinate axis motion command at a certain trajectory point, the corresponding feed function word, spindle function word, and tool function word follow, forming independent and complete machining units. These machining units are combined sequentially to obtain the CNC program segment of the cutting tool substrate. The data source of this CNC program segment is the combined arrangement result of the coordinate axis motion commands and each function word.

[0125] According to the operating specifications of the CNC system, a program start instruction is added at the beginning of the CNC program segment. This instruction is used to trigger the CNC system to start executing the machining task. At the same time, a process initialization instruction is added. This instruction is used to set the initial state of the equipment before machining, such as starting the cooling system and calibrating the initial position of the grinding wheel. A program end instruction is added at the end of the CNC program segment. This instruction is used to inform the CNC system that the machining task is completed, control the equipment to stop running and return to the initial state. By adding these instructions, the CNC program segment forms a complete executable flow, resulting in the machining instruction code for the cutting tool substrate. The data source for this machining instruction code is the CNC program segment after adding the start and end instructions.

[0126] The grinding trajectory data is imported into the data analysis system. This grinding trajectory data is derived from the integration of grinding path data and process command information in grinding process parameters. The system performs a comprehensive decomposition and analysis, extracting the tool position coordinates corresponding to each processing position on the substrate surface of the cutting tool. These coordinates accurately locate the spatial position of the grinding wheel during processing. At the same time, the feed rate value corresponding to each tool position coordinate is extracted, which reflects the speed of the grinding wheel movement at that position. The spindle speed value controls the rotational speed of the grinding wheel, and the grinding depth parameter value determines the thickness of the material that the grinding wheel cuts into the substrate at that position. All the extracted information forms a corresponding dataset, and the data source of this dataset is the analysis result of the grinding trajectory data.

[0127] The address word addressing rules of the CNC system are obtained. These rules are derived from the CNC system's technical manual and clearly define the exclusive address characters corresponding to the feed rate parameters. Each extracted feed rate value is bound to its corresponding address character according to these rules. For example, if the address character is a specific letter representing the feed rate, this letter is placed before the feed rate value to form a complete feed function word. This ensures that the CNC system can quickly identify the parameter type corresponding to the function word through the address character and obtain the feed function word for the feed rate value. The data source of this feed function word is the binding result between the feed rate value and the CNC system address character.

[0128] Based on the address word addressing rules of the CNC system, which are derived from the CNC system's technical manual, a unique address character is determined for each spindle speed parameter. Each extracted spindle speed value is associated with this address character. For example, if the address character is a specific letter representing the spindle speed, this letter is placed before the spindle speed value to form a standardized spindle function word. This allows the CNC system to directly determine the parameter attributes of the function word through the address character and obtain the spindle function word for the spindle speed value. The data source of this spindle function word is the association result between the spindle speed value and the CNC system address character.

[0129] The tool compensation addressing rules of the CNC system are consulted. These rules are derived from the CNC system's technical manual. Based on the magnitude of the grinding depth parameter value and the machining requirements, a corresponding tool compensation number is assigned to each grinding depth parameter value. This compensation number is used to identify different grinding depth compensation specifications. A unique correspondence is established between the grinding depth parameter value and the assigned tool compensation number. Then, according to the rules, a unique address character is assigned to the tool compensation number. For example, the address character is a specific letter representing tool compensation. The address character is combined with the tool compensation number to form a complete tool function word. This ensures that the CNC system can identify the corresponding grinding depth compensation information through this function word and obtain the tool function word of the tool compensation number. The data source of this tool function word is the association result between the grinding depth parameter value and the tool compensation number, as well as the result of the address character assignment.

[0130] The beneficial effects are that it can accurately extract the core information from the grinding trajectory data, provide comprehensive and reliable data support for the conversion of machining instructions, and ensure that the machining instructions are highly consistent with the grinding requirements.

[0131] Converting tool trajectory point coordinates into coordinate axis motion commands that the CNC system can recognize opens up the connection between trajectory data and equipment execution, ensuring the accuracy of grinding wheel motion control.

[0132] Convert the feed rate, spindle speed, and grinding depth parameters into corresponding function words to conform to the CNC system coding specifications. This facilitates quick system recognition and calls, and avoids machining errors caused by parameter format issues.

[0133] By arranging the coordinate axis motion commands and function words in a coordinated manner according to the processing sequence, a logically coherent and clearly defined CNC program segment is formed, ensuring the coordinated operation of grinding actions and improving the smoothness and consistency of processing.

[0134] Add relevant instructions at the beginning and end of the CNC program segment to form a complete executable process, realize pre-processing state calibration, orderly execution during processing, and safe shutdown after processing, ensure that the grinding operation is standardized, safe and efficient, and provide accurate and reliable instruction guarantee for the precision forming of the cutting tool substrate.

[0135] By analyzing the grinding trajectory data, the coordinates of the tool position points and the corresponding parameter values ​​are accurately extracted, providing accurate and complete basic data for function word conversion, ensuring that the conversion results are highly matched with the grinding requirements.

[0136] According to the address word addressing rules of the CNC system, the feed speed value is assigned an address character to generate a standardized feed function word, so that the CNC system can quickly identify and execute the feed speed command and ensure the accuracy of grinding feed.

[0137] By assigning address characters to the spindle speed values ​​according to the same addressing rules, standard spindle function words are formed, ensuring that the spindle speed commands are accurately parsed by the CNC system, maintaining a stable grinding wheel rotation rate, and improving grinding quality.

[0138] By following the tool compensation addressing rules, the grinding depth parameter value is associated with the tool compensation number and an address is assigned to generate the tool function word, thereby achieving precise compensation control of the grinding depth, avoiding machining defects caused by depth deviation, and ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the cutting tool substrate.

[0139] The adaptive grinding control module is used to control the CNC grinding machine of the cutting tool substrate to perform adaptive grinding on the cutting tool substrate according to the processing instruction code, so as to obtain the cutting tool semi-finished product of the cutting tool substrate;

[0140] In this embodiment, when the adaptive grinding control module executes the CNC grinding machine controlling the cutting tool substrate to perform adaptive grinding on the cutting tool substrate according to the processing instruction code to obtain the cutting tool semi-finished product, it is specifically used for:

[0141] The processing instruction code is input into the CNC system corresponding to the CNC grinding machine of the cutting blade substrate;

[0142] Based on the CNC system, the machining instruction code is parametrically interpolated to obtain the motion control instructions for the feed axis and the spindle rotation control instructions in the CNC grinding machine;

[0143] The feed axis is driven to move in conjunction with the motion control command, and the grinding wheel is driven to rotate according to the spindle operation control command, so that the grinding wheel contacts the surface of the cutting tool substrate according to the trajectory planned in the processing command code to remove material;

[0144] During the grinding process, the CNC system adjusts the movement rate of the feed axis in real time according to the feed rate value set in the machining instruction code for different grinding areas, so as to achieve a feed rate that is adapted to the area allowance in the grinding area.

[0145] After the CNC system executes all program segments of the machining instruction code, it stops the rotation of the grinding wheel and the movement of the feed axis to obtain the semi-finished cutting blade of the cutting blade substrate.

[0146] The machining instruction code is imported into the CNC system corresponding to the CNC grinding machine of the cutting tool substrate through the input interface of the CNC system. The machining instruction code comes from the CNC program segment after adding the program start instruction, process initialization instruction and program end instruction. During the input process, it is ensured that the data transmission is complete and without loss. After receiving the machining instruction code, the CNC system performs a preliminary verification to confirm that the code format meets the system requirements and has no syntax errors, laying the foundation for subsequent parametric interpolation and execution. The data source of the imported machining instruction code is the complete transmission result of the original machining instruction code.

[0147] The CNC system activates its built-in interpolation function to perform parametric interpolation on the imported machining instruction code. Following the tool path planned in the machining instruction code, the system generates a continuous and smooth motion path between adjacent tool positions. Simultaneously, based on parameters such as feed rate and spindle speed in the code, it decomposes the motion control commands for controlling the CNC grinding machine's feed axis. These commands specify the direction, distance, and rhythm of the feed axis's movement, as well as the spindle rotation control commands for controlling the grinding wheel's rotation. These commands specify the grinding wheel's start, stop, and rotation speed. This yields the motion control commands for the feed axis and the spindle rotation control commands for the CNC grinding machine. The data source for these two types of commands is the processing result of the machining instruction code after parametric interpolation by the CNC system.

[0148] The CNC system sends motion control commands to the drive mechanism of the feed axis. The drive mechanism drives the feed axis to perform multi-axis linkage according to the commands, so that the grinding wheel can move precisely according to the planned trajectory. At the same time, the CNC system sends the spindle operation control commands to the spindle drive unit. After the drive unit starts, it drives the grinding wheel to rotate at the set speed. With the linkage of the feed axis and the rotation of the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel gradually approaches the cutting tool substrate and contacts the surface of the cutting tool substrate according to the trajectory planned in the processing command code. The cutting action of the abrasive grains on the surface of the grinding wheel removes the excess material from the surface of the substrate, realizing the core process of grinding. The data source for this material removal process is the coordinated execution result of the motion control commands and the spindle operation control commands.

[0149] During the grinding process, the CNC system reads the feed rate values ​​set for different grinding zones in the machining instruction code in real time. These values ​​are derived from the preset requirements of the grinding process parameters. The system monitors the current movement rate of the feed axis in real time through the feed axis speed detection device. When the grinding wheel enters different grinding zones, if the material allowance in that zone is large, the system reduces the movement rate of the feed axis according to the preset feed rate value, allowing the grinding wheel sufficient time to remove the material. If the material allowance in the zone is small, the movement rate of the feed axis is increased to improve machining efficiency. This real-time adjustment ensures that the feed rate is adapted to the material allowance in each grinding zone. The data source for this speed adjustment process is the feed rate value in the machining instruction code and the real-time speed monitoring results of the feed axis.

[0150] The CNC system continuously executes the program segments in the machining instruction code, completing the machining tasks of all grinding areas one by one. When the system detects that all program segments of the machining instruction code have been executed, it automatically sends a stop command to the spindle drive unit. After receiving the command, the spindle drive unit stops driving the grinding wheel to rotate and simultaneously sends a stop command to the feed axis drive mechanism. The feed axis drive mechanism stops the linkage movement of the feed axis, and the grinding wheel separates from the cutting tool substrate. At this time, the cutting tool substrate has completed the preset grinding process, forming a cutting tool semi-finished product that meets the preliminary size and shape requirements. The data source of this cutting tool semi-finished product is the grinding process result after all the machining instruction codes have been executed.

[0151] The beneficial effect is that the machining instruction code is accurately input into the CNC system and verified, providing a standardized and error-free instruction basis for subsequent grinding operations and ensuring the orderly start of the machining process.

[0152] Through parametric interpolation processing of the CNC system, smooth and continuous feed axis motion control commands and precise spindle operation control commands are generated, ensuring the accuracy of grinding wheel motion trajectory and speed control.

[0153] The drive feed axis is linked with the rotation of the grinding wheel, enabling the grinding wheel to precisely contact the substrate along the planned trajectory and remove the material, thus fulfilling the core requirements of grinding and ensuring the accuracy of the initial substrate forming.

[0154] The feed axis speed is adjusted in real time according to the preset feed speed value of different grinding zones to match the zone allowance. This ensures that the material in the larger allowance area is fully removed, while improving the processing efficiency in the smaller allowance area, thus achieving adaptive grinding.

[0155] After all the machining instruction codes are executed, the grinding wheel and feed axis movement will automatically stop, ensuring that the machining is terminated in time after the semi-finished product is formed, avoiding over-grinding, and ensuring the dimensional accuracy and structural integrity of the semi-finished product.

[0156] The online measurement module is used to perform online optical measurement on the semi-finished cutting blade to obtain the actual three-dimensional contour data of the cutting blade substrate. The actual three-dimensional contour data is compared and analyzed with the three-dimensional design data of the target cutting blade to generate spatial error compensation data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0157] In this embodiment, when the online measurement module performs online optical measurement on the semi-finished cutting blade to obtain the actual three-dimensional contour data of the cutting blade substrate, and compares and analyzes the deviation between the actual three-dimensional contour data and the preset target three-dimensional design data of the cutting blade to generate spatial error compensation data for the cutting blade substrate, it is specifically used for:

[0158] The surface of the cutting blade semi-finished product is scanned, and the spatial coordinates of the surface of the cutting blade semi-finished product are collected to generate measurement point cloud data of the cutting blade semi-finished product;

[0159] The measured point cloud data is spatially registered with the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade to obtain the registered measured point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate.

[0160] In the coordinate system of the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data, the normal deviation of the measurement point in the registered measurement point cloud data relative to the corresponding theoretical point in the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data is determined, and the deviation value set of the measurement point is generated;

[0161] Spatial interpolation is performed on the deviation value set of the measurement points to obtain the continuous deviation distribution on the surface of the semi-finished cutting blade;

[0162] Spatial error compensation data for the cutting blade substrate is generated based on the continuous deviation distribution.

[0163] The semi-finished cutting blade is fixed on the measurement platform of the online optical measurement equipment, ensuring that the surface of the semi-finished product is unobstructed and completely within the scanning range of the equipment. The optical measurement equipment is then activated, and it emits optical detection signals covering the entire surface of the semi-finished cutting blade. The detection signals are received by the equipment after being reflected from the surface of the semi-finished product. The equipment calculates the spatial coordinates of each measurement point on the surface of the semi-finished product based on the propagation time and reflection angle of the signals. These coordinates comprehensively cover all key parts such as the blade tip, blade edge, and blade body. The spatial coordinates of all measurement points are organized in the order of acquisition to generate measurement point cloud data of the semi-finished cutting blade. The data source of this measurement point cloud data is the scanning and coordinate acquisition results of the surface of the semi-finished cutting blade by the online optical measurement equipment.

[0164] The three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade is retrieved. This data comes from the cutting blade design document and digital modeling results. The measured point cloud data and the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade are imported into the spatial registration system. Using the reference features in the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade as a reference, the spatial orientation of the measured point cloud data is adjusted to ensure that key features such as the blade tip contour and blade curve in the measured point cloud data are precisely aligned with the corresponding features in the design data. This eliminates the differences in spatial position and orientation between the two, ensuring that the measured point cloud data and the design data are in the same coordinate system. The registered measured point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate is obtained. The data source of this registered measured point cloud data is the spatial registration result of the measured point cloud data and the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade.

[0165] In the coordinate system of the preset target cutting blade 3D design data, each measurement point in the registered measurement point cloud data is selected one by one. The theoretical point corresponding to the measurement point is found in the preset target cutting blade 3D design data, that is, the design point with the closest spatial position. By analyzing the spatial positional relationship between the two points, the distance of the measurement point relative to the theoretical point in the normal direction is calculated. This distance is the normal deviation. If the measurement point is outside the theoretical point, the deviation is positive, indicating that the material removal at this position is insufficient. If the measurement point is inside the theoretical point, the deviation is negative, indicating that the material removal at this position is excessive. The normal deviations of all measurement points are collected and summarized to generate a deviation value set of measurement points. The data source of this deviation value set is the normal deviation calculation result of the corresponding theoretical point in the registered measurement point cloud data and the preset target cutting blade 3D design data.

[0166] The deviation value set of measurement points is imported into the data processing system. Based on the spatial distribution of each measurement point in the deviation value set, the system uses a spatial interpolation method to calculate the deviation value of the non-directly measured area between adjacent measurement points based on the known deviation amount of the measurement points. For example, between two adjacent measurement points, the deviation distribution of the intermediate area is smoothly calculated based on the magnitude of the deviation amount and the spatial distance between the two points, so that the originally discrete deviation values ​​form a continuous deviation data covering the surface of the cutting blade semi-finished product, and the continuous deviation distribution of the cutting blade semi-finished product surface is obtained. The data source of this continuous deviation distribution is the result of spatial interpolation processing of the deviation value set of measurement points.

[0167] The deviations of various parts of the semi-finished cutting tool reflected by the continuous deviation distribution are analyzed. For areas with insufficient material removal, the thickness of material to be removed is determined according to the magnitude of the deviation. For areas with excessive material removal, grinding parameters are adjusted in subsequent processing to prevent further deviation. These deviation correction information are integrated according to spatial location to form a dataset that can guide CNC grinding machines to perform precise correction processing, resulting in spatial error compensation data for the cutting tool substrate. The data source of this spatial error compensation data is the result of integrating deviation correction information based on the continuous deviation distribution.

[0168] The beneficial effect is that by collecting the spatial coordinates of the surface of the semi-finished product through online optical scanning, complete measurement point cloud data is generated, accurately capturing the actual three-dimensional contour of the semi-finished product, and providing real and comprehensive basic data for deviation analysis.

[0169] Spatial registration is performed between the measured point cloud data and the preset target design data to place the two sets of data in the same coordinate system, eliminating spatial position and attitude differences and ensuring the accuracy of deviation comparison.

[0170] The normal deviation between the measured point and the corresponding theoretical point is calculated under a unified coordinate system, and a set of deviation values ​​is generated. This clearly presents the deviation of each part of the semi-finished product from the target design, providing a precise basis for error compensation.

[0171] Spatial interpolation transforms discrete deviation values ​​into a continuous deviation distribution, fully covering the surface of the semi-finished product, avoiding deviation omissions, and comprehensively reflecting the deviation distribution pattern.

[0172] Spatial error compensation data is generated based on continuous deviation distribution, clarifying the correction direction and magnitude of each deviation region, providing scientific and precise guidance for subsequent error compensation grinding, and ensuring that the precision of the finished cutting blade meets the standards.

[0173] The error compensation module is used to superimpose the spatial error compensation data onto the grinding trajectory data in reverse to perform error compensation fine grinding on the semi-finished cutting blade to obtain the finished cutting blade of the cutting blade substrate.

[0174] In this embodiment, when the error compensation module performs the reverse superposition of the spatial error compensation data onto the grinding trajectory data to perform error-compensated fine grinding on the semi-finished cutting tool to obtain the finished cutting tool of the cutting tool substrate, it is specifically used for:

[0175] The spatial error compensation data is used to offset the coordinates of the tool position in the reverse direction of the normal direction of the tool position contained in the grinding trajectory data according to the spatial position correspondence, so as to generate the corrected grinding trajectory data.

[0176] Input the corrected grinding trajectory data into the post-processor for the cutter substrate, and compile the corrected processing instruction code through the post-processor;

[0177] Input the corrected processing instruction code into the numerical control system of the CNC grinding machine, control the CNC grinding machine to perform finish grinding on the semi-finished cutter product, and obtain the finished cutter product of the cutter substrate.

[0178] Retrieve spatial error compensation data and grinding trajectory data, where the spatial error compensation data comes from the integration result of deviation correction information based on continuous deviation distribution, and the grinding trajectory data comes from the integration result of grinding path data and process instruction information. In accordance with the spatial position correspondence principle, find the error compensation value corresponding to each tool point in the grinding trajectory data in the spatial error compensation data, and perform reverse offset adjustment on the tool point coordinates in the normal direction of the tool point according to the magnitude and direction of the error compensation value. For example, if there is a positive deviation of insufficient material removal at the position corresponding to a certain tool point, the tool point is offset by a corresponding distance in the direction away from the substrate; if there is a negative deviation of excessive material removal, the tool point is offset in the direction close to the substrate. Through this targeted adjustment, corrected grinding trajectory data is generated, and the data source of the corrected grinding trajectory data is the result of reverse superposition adjustment of the spatial error compensation data and the original grinding trajectory data.

[0179] Input the corrected grinding trajectory data into the post-processor corresponding to the cutter substrate, which is a program compiling device supporting the CNC grinding machine. The post-processor compiles and processes the corrected grinding trajectory data in accordance with the instruction format requirements recognizable by the numerical control system, parses the information such as tool point coordinates, feed speed, and spindle speed therein, converts them into function words and motion instructions that can be directly executed by the numerical control system, combines them into a complete program segment according to the processing sequence, and generates corrected processing instruction code. The data source of the corrected processing instruction code is the result of compiling the corrected grinding trajectory data by the post-processor.

[0180] Import the corrected processing instruction code into the numerical control system of the CNC grinding machine through the input port of the numerical control system. After the numerical control system verifies and confirms that the code is correct, it drives the feed axes to move in coordination and the grinding wheel to rotate according to the instructions in the code, so that the grinding wheel performs finish grinding on the semi-finished cutter product along the corrected grinding trajectory. For the previously detected deviation area, the adjusted trajectory is used to precisely supplement and remove excess material or correct the processing depth, ensuring that each part meets the three-dimensional design requirements of the preset target cutter. After the finish grinding process is completed, the numerical control system controls the grinding wheel to stop rotating and the feed axes to stop moving, so as to obtain the finished cutter product of the cutter substrate. The data source of the finished cutter product is the result of finish grinding by the CNC grinding machine under the control of the corrected processing instruction code.

[0181] The beneficial effect is that by superimposing spatial error compensation data in reverse according to the spatial position correspondence, the tool position coordinates are adjusted in a targeted manner to generate corrected grinding trajectory data, which accurately compensates for the previous processing deviations and provides a precise trajectory basis for fine grinding.

[0182] The corrected grinding trajectory data is compiled into corrected machining instruction code to ensure that the error compensation information is accurately converted into operation instructions that can be executed by the CNC system, thus ensuring the accuracy of the fine grinding process.

[0183] By controlling the CNC grinding machine with the corrected processing instruction code, the grinding wheel can operate precisely along the corrected trajectory, and the excess material in the deviation area can be removed or the processing depth can be corrected, which can effectively improve the dimensional accuracy and contour regularity of the finished product.

[0184] A closed-loop error compensation mechanism is formed, which significantly reduces processing errors through a process of deviation detection, trajectory correction and precision grinding, ensuring that the finished cutting blade meets the preset target design requirements and improving the product's structural stability and reliability.

[0185] This invention provides a precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrates, which can achieve high-precision circular forming of magnetic components, improve the accuracy and structural stability of finished products, and has high reliability.

[0186] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0187] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrates, characterized in that, The equipment includes a 3D scanning module, a spatial registration allowance analysis module, a grinding trajectory planning module, a CNC compilation module, an adaptive grinding control module, an online measurement module, and an error compensation module, wherein: The three-dimensional scanning module is used to perform three-dimensional digital scanning on the cutting blade substrate to obtain the initial point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate; The spatial registration allowance analysis module is used to perform spatial registration on the initial point cloud data based on the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data to obtain the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data of the cutting blade substrate. The grinding trajectory planning module is used to generate grinding trajectory data of the cutting tool substrate based on the grinding process parameters of the cutting tool substrate and the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data. The CNC compilation module is used to perform CNC compilation on the grinding trajectory data to obtain the processing instruction code of the cutting tool substrate; The adaptive grinding control module is used to control the CNC grinding machine of the cutting tool substrate to perform adaptive grinding on the cutting tool substrate according to the processing instruction code, so as to obtain the cutting tool semi-finished product of the cutting tool substrate; The online measurement module is used to perform online optical measurement on the semi-finished cutting blade to obtain the actual three-dimensional contour data of the cutting blade substrate. The actual three-dimensional contour data is compared and analyzed with the three-dimensional design data of the target cutting blade to generate spatial error compensation data of the cutting blade substrate. The error compensation module is used to superimpose the spatial error compensation data onto the grinding trajectory data in reverse to perform error compensation fine grinding on the semi-finished cutting blade to obtain the finished cutting blade of the cutting blade substrate.

2. The precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the 3D scanning module performs a 3D digital scan of the cutting blade substrate to obtain the initial point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate, it is specifically used for: The 3D scanner of the cutting blade substrate is activated to perform multi-angle scanning on the cutting blade substrate, thereby obtaining multi-angle point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate; Based on the geometric features of the cutting blade substrate, the point cloud data collected from different angles in the multi-angle point cloud data are fused by coordinate alignment to obtain the complete surface point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate. The complete surface point cloud data is subjected to noise reduction filtering to obtain the initial point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate.

3. The precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the spatial registration allowance analysis module performs spatial registration on the initial point cloud data based on the preset target cutting blade 3D design data to obtain the 3D grinding allowance distribution field data of the cutting blade substrate, it is specifically used for: Extract the reference feature information from the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade. The reference feature information includes the blade tip profile, blade curve, and blade body symmetry plane of the target cutting blade. Identify the measured feature information in the initial point cloud data that corresponds to the baseline feature information; The measured feature information is spatially aligned with the reference feature information to obtain the spatial transformation relationship between the initial point cloud data and the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade. Based on the spatial transformation relationship, the initial point cloud data is mapped to the coordinate system of the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data to obtain the normalized point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate; At the same spatial location, the normalized point cloud data is compared point by point with the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade to obtain the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data of the cutting blade substrate.

4. The precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the grinding trajectory planning module generates grinding trajectory data for the cutting tool substrate based on the grinding process parameters of the cutting tool substrate and the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data, it is specifically used for: Extract the grinding removal amount corresponding to the spatial position on the surface of the cutting tool substrate from the three-dimensional grinding allowance distribution field data to obtain the grinding removal amount distribution map of the cutting tool substrate; Based on the grinding wheel geometry parameters of the grinding process parameters of the cutting tool substrate, a grinding wheel coordinate system of the cutting tool substrate is constructed, and the grinding removal amount distribution map is mapped onto the grinding wheel coordinate system to obtain the preliminary path planning data of the cutting tool substrate. Based on the grinding depth and feed rate in the grinding process parameters, the preliminary path planning data is discretized to obtain the tool position sequence of the cutting tool substrate. Based on the tool path strategy in the grinding process parameters, the tool position sequence is sorted and connected to obtain the grinding path data of the cutting tool substrate; The grinding path data is integrated with the process instruction information in the grinding process parameters to obtain the grinding trajectory data of the cutting tool substrate.

5. The precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the CNC compilation module performs CNC compilation on the grinding trajectory data to obtain the machining instruction code for the cutting tool substrate, it is specifically used for: The grinding trajectory data is analyzed to extract the coordinates of the tool trajectory points at the processing positions on the surface of the cutting tool substrate, as well as the feed rate, spindle speed, and grinding depth parameters corresponding to the trajectory points; According to the instruction format of the CNC system in the cutting tool substrate, the coordinates of the tool trajectory points are converted into coordinate axis motion instructions that the CNC system can recognize; The feed rate, the spindle speed, and the grinding depth parameters are respectively converted into corresponding feed function words, spindle function words, and tool function words; Based on the machining sequence in the grinding trajectory data, the coordinate axis motion commands are combined with the corresponding feed function words, spindle function words and tool function words to obtain the CNC program segment of the cutting tool substrate; Add a program start instruction and a process initialization instruction at the beginning of the CNC program segment, and add a program end instruction at the end of the CNC program segment to obtain the processing instruction code for the cutting tool substrate.

6. The precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the CNC compiler module executes the conversion of the feed rate, spindle speed, and grinding depth parameters into corresponding feed function words, spindle function words, and tool function words, it is specifically used for: The grinding trajectory data is analyzed to extract the tool position coordinates of the processing position on the surface of the cutting tool substrate, as well as the feed rate value, spindle speed value and grinding depth parameter value corresponding to the tool position coordinates. According to the address word addressing rules of the CNC system, the feed speed value is assigned an address symbol to obtain the feed function word of the feed speed value; According to the address word addressing rules of the CNC system, the spindle speed value is assigned an address character to obtain the spindle function word of the spindle speed value; According to the tool compensation addressing rules of the CNC system, the grinding depth parameter value is associated with the corresponding tool compensation number, and the tool compensation number is assigned an address character to obtain the tool function word of the tool compensation number.

7. The precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the adaptive grinding control module executes the CNC grinding machine that controls the cutting tool substrate to perform adaptive grinding on the cutting tool substrate according to the processing instruction code, to obtain the cutting tool semi-finished product, it is specifically used for: The processing instruction code is input into the CNC system corresponding to the CNC grinding machine of the cutting blade substrate; Based on the CNC system, the machining instruction code is parametrically interpolated to obtain the motion control instructions for the feed axis and the spindle rotation control instructions in the CNC grinding machine. The feed axis is driven to move in conjunction with the motion control command, and the grinding wheel is driven to rotate according to the spindle operation control command, so that the grinding wheel contacts the surface of the cutting tool substrate according to the trajectory planned in the processing command code to remove material; During the grinding process, the CNC system adjusts the movement rate of the feed axis in real time according to the feed rate value set in the machining instruction code for different grinding areas, so as to achieve a feed rate that is adapted to the area allowance in the grinding area. After the CNC system executes all program segments of the machining instruction code, it stops the rotation of the grinding wheel and the movement of the feed axis to obtain the semi-finished cutting blade of the cutting blade substrate.

8. The precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the online measurement module performs online optical measurement on the semi-finished cutting blade to obtain the actual three-dimensional contour data of the cutting blade substrate, and compares and analyzes the deviation between the actual three-dimensional contour data and the preset target three-dimensional design data of the cutting blade to generate spatial error compensation data for the cutting blade substrate, it is specifically used for: The surface of the cutting blade semi-finished product is scanned, and the spatial coordinates of the surface of the cutting blade semi-finished product are collected to generate measurement point cloud data of the cutting blade semi-finished product; The measured point cloud data is spatially registered with the three-dimensional design data of the preset target cutting blade to obtain the registered measured point cloud data of the cutting blade substrate. In the coordinate system of the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data, the normal deviation of the measurement point in the registered measurement point cloud data relative to the corresponding theoretical point in the preset target cutting blade three-dimensional design data is determined, and the deviation value set of the measurement point is generated; Spatial interpolation is performed on the deviation value set of the measurement points to obtain the continuous deviation distribution on the surface of the semi-finished cutting blade; Spatial error compensation data for the cutting blade substrate is generated based on the continuous deviation distribution.

9. The precision grinding and forming equipment for cutting blade substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the error compensation module performs the reverse superposition of the spatial error compensation data onto the grinding trajectory data to perform error-compensated fine grinding on the semi-finished cutting tool to obtain the finished cutting tool from the cutting tool substrate, it is specifically used for: The spatial error compensation data is used to offset the coordinates of the tool position in the reverse direction of the normal direction of the tool position contained in the grinding trajectory data according to the spatial position correspondence, so as to generate the corrected grinding trajectory data. The corrected grinding trajectory data is input into the post-processor of the cutting tool substrate, and the post-processor compiles and generates the corrected machining instruction code. The modified machining instruction code is input into the CNC system of the CNC grinding machine to control the CNC grinding machine to perform fine grinding on the cutting blade semi-finished product, thereby obtaining the cutting blade finished product of the cutting blade substrate.

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