A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting, comprising recovery tank body, tank body is equipped with suction pipe, vacuum pipe, vacuum pipe inside negative pressure suction assembly filter device, filter device is by coarse skeleton filter screen and annular circulating filter screen constitute double-layer filter matrix, circulating filter screen closed loop rotation, continuously replace clean filter screen working surface, effectively alleviate filter screen blockage, stabilize vacuum suction force in tank.Negative pressure self-powered drive structure is equipped, rely on airflow, sand impact drive filter screen operation, and equipped with differential pressure triggered active drive, automatic auxiliary operation when blocked, reduce electrical failure and energy consumption;Matched differential pressure type backflush mechanism and boost air curtain, can on-line blow filter screen sand accumulation, realize free maintenance self-cleaning.Tank size, pipeline adaptation shipyard transfer operation, can long time continuous sand suction recovery.The application solves the defects that traditional equipment filter screen is easy to block, frequent maintenance cleaning, poor working condition adaptation, etc., guarantees that ship painting operation is continuously carried out, reduces operation and maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship rust removal equipment, specifically to a vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum abrasive recovery technology is widely used in ship painting and rust removal operations. This technology utilizes a negative pressure system to collect steel sand and rust dust generated during steel plate grinding into an abrasive recovery tank. This allows for abrasive reuse and dust control at the work site, making it an indispensable piece of equipment in modern shipbuilding and repair green painting processes. However, conventional vacuum abrasive recovery tanks currently on the market still have many practical drawbacks that are difficult to resolve during long-term continuous sandblasting operations, severely restricting the efficiency of shipbuilding and repair work. Most existing recycling tanks have single-layer fixed filters at their negative pressure suction ports. Fine abrasive particles and rust dust generated during rust removal continuously accumulate and fill the filter mesh, causing blockage in a short time. Once the filter's flowability decreases, the vacuum inside the tank rapidly diminishes, significantly reducing the adsorption capacity of the sand suction pipe and making it impossible to stably complete the abrasive recovery work. Even if some equipment uses a double-layer filter structure to improve filtration, the overall position of the filter is fixed, and the blocked area cannot be switched automatically. This necessitates interrupting operations, disassembling the tank, and manually cleaning the filter, frequently stopping the machine and disrupting the painting and rust removal production line, greatly extending the construction cycle of ship sections. Currently, most recycling equipment equipped with movable filters relies on external independent motors to drive the filter's circulation. The entire drive system requires power lines, reduction gear components, and electrical control switches. However, the humid and dusty environment at ship docks, with constant sandblasting material splashes, makes electrical components such as motors and terminals highly susceptible to corrosion and short circuits, resulting in a high equipment failure rate. Furthermore, the continuous operation of the external motor generates additional energy consumption, leading to high long-term operating costs. The motor and its associated structure also occupy significant space within the tank, increasing its overall size and hindering transfer and repositioning within the confined working areas of the dock. The few simple structures on the market that rely on negative pressure airflow for filter self-drive also have significant shortcomings. When the filter becomes clogged or the airflow through it decreases, the driving force provided by the airflow weakens, causing the filter speed to drop or even stop, further exacerbating the clogging and creating a vicious cycle.

[0003] For the reasons mentioned above, it is necessary to propose a vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting, addressing the deficiencies in the existing technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting includes a recovery tank body that forms a sealed sand-containing cavity and creates a negative pressure inside. The recovery tank body is equipped with a sand suction pipe and a vacuum pipe. The vacuum pipe has a negative pressure suction port inside the recovery tank body. A filter device is provided on the negative pressure suction port. The filter device includes a skeleton filter screen and a circulating filter screen disposed at the end of the negative pressure suction port. The skeleton filter screen forms a planar air intake port at the end of the negative pressure suction port. The circulating filter screen includes a rotating filter screen arranged around the negative pressure suction port, with one side of the circulating filter screen adhering to the skeleton filter screen. On the plane, one side forms the working filtration zone, and the other side forms the non-filtration working zone. The circulating filter in the working filtration zone and the skeleton filter form a double-layer filter matrix with varying coarseness. The mesh size of the skeleton filter is larger than that of the circulating filter. The circulating filter rotates continuously, causing the filter in the non-filtration working zone to continuously replace the filter in the working filtration zone. The working filtration zone of the circulating filter always moves in close contact with the plane formed by the skeleton filter, and the circulating filter forms a closed loop in the working filtration zone and the non-filtration working zone.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a self-powered drive structure for driving the circulating filter to rotate in a circular manner, which includes multiple parallel steering shafts. The circulating filter is sleeved on the multiple steering shafts to form a surrounding arrangement around the negative pressure suction port. At least one steering shaft is a drive shaft, and the other steering shafts are driven shafts. The negative pressure inside the vacuum tube serves as the power source for the self-powered drive structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the self-powered drive structure includes a pneumatic turbine, which is rotatably disposed within the negative pressure suction port. A power output shaft is rotatably disposed through the side wall of the negative pressure suction port. The torque of the pneumatic turbine is transmitted to the power output shaft, and the torque of the power output shaft is transmitted to the drive shaft. The negative pressure in the vacuum tube is drawn into the negative pressure suction port to form an airflow, which drives the pneumatic turbine to rotate and causes the circulating filter to rotate cyclically.

[0008] Furthermore, a deformation zone is provided on the side wall of the negative pressure suction port. The deformation zone is configured as a switch to trigger the active drive mechanism. When the pressure difference between the recovery tank and the vacuum tube reaches a threshold, the deformation zone collapses and deforms, and the power supply of the active drive mechanism is turned on. The active drive mechanism and the self-powered drive structure are in parallel configuration. Both can drive the circulating filter to operate, but they have priorities. It can be understood that the self-powered drive structure has a higher priority than the active drive mechanism. The output end of the active drive mechanism is powered and connected to the drive shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the self-powered drive structure includes a pneumatic turbine, which is rotatably mounted on a first external connecting pipe. One end of the first external connecting pipe is connected to a vacuum tube, and the other end is connected to a recovery tank and connected to the outside atmosphere. The shaft end of the pneumatic turbine extends out of the first external connecting pipe to form a turbine output shaft end, which is poweredly connected to a drive shaft. An adjustable opening control valve is provided on the first external connecting pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a self-powered drive structure for driving the circulating filter to rotate in a circular manner. It includes multiple steering shafts arranged in parallel with each other. The circulating filter is sleeved on the multiple steering shafts to form a surrounding arrangement around the negative pressure suction port. The self-powered drive structure includes several collision plates formed on the surface of the circulating filter. The impact force of gravel or airflow hitting the collision plates serves as the power source for the self-powered drive structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the skeleton filter is tilted so that the impact force acting on the collision plate forms a component force along the tilt direction of the skeleton filter plane, and this component force drives the circulating filter to operate.

[0012] Furthermore, the recycling tank is provided with a second external connecting pipe, one end of which is set on the side wall of the recycling tank and connected to the outside atmosphere, and the other end is set in the non-filtration working area of ​​the circulating filter as a booster air curtain. The air outlet of the booster air curtain faces the collision plate and provides auxiliary thrust to the circulating rotation of the circulating filter through the wind.

[0013] Furthermore, a differential pressure backflush self-cleaning mechanism is provided, including a third external connecting pipe installed on the recovery tank. One end of the third external connecting pipe is connected to the external atmosphere, and the other end of the third external connecting pipe is connected to a jet pipe and is located in the non-filtration working area inside the surrounding area formed by the circulating filter. The jet pipe is arranged along the width direction of the circulating filter in the surrounding area, and the jet pipe is provided with jet holes to form a backflush zone for the circulating filter, and the jet holes are arranged facing outward of the surrounding area.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple jet pipes are arranged in parallel, and the jet holes on the multiple jet pipes are staggered to form a backflush array.

[0015] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The system adopts a circulating filter screen with a double-layer filtration structure, which can automatically rotate the filter working surface, alleviate filter screen clogging at the source, stabilize the vacuum suction of the tank, ensure continuous ship painting operations, and reduce the frequency of downtime for cleaning.

[0016] 2. Through negative pressure self-driving mode, no additional motor power supply is required. It is also equipped with emergency active drive triggered by differential pressure, which can adapt to different blockage conditions and reduce energy consumption and electrical failure risk.

[0017] 3. The integrated differential pressure full-area backflushing self-cleaning mechanism, combined with the booster air curtain, enables online sand cleaning of the filter screen without the need for manual cleaning during shutdown; the optimized tank structure makes transfer, disassembly, and unloading operations convenient and suitable for dock construction scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a vacuum abrasive recovery tank used for ship painting. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal longitudinal section of a vacuum abrasive recovery tank used for ship painting; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing that the negative pressure suction port of this invention has a side opening; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure suction port opening at an angle downwards in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pneumatic turbine and deformation zone in Embodiment 2; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of deformation and collapse occurring in the deformation zone; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic turbine in Example 3; Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the collision plate provided in Embodiment 4; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure with a booster air curtain in Embodiment 4; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a differential pressure backflushing self-cleaning mechanism.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Recovery tank; 2. Support legs; 3. Reinforcing channel steel; 4. Suction pipe; 5. Vacuum pipe; 6. Discharge valve; 7. Abrasive baffle; 8. Inspection manhole; 9. Steel straight ladder; 10. Fork foot sleeve; 11. Negative pressure suction port; 12. Filter device; 13. Frame filter screen; 14. Circulating filter screen; 15. Working filtration area; 16. Non-filtration working area; 17. Steering shaft; 18. Horizontal pipe section; 19. Drive shaft; 20. Driven shaft; 21. Right-angle transmission structure; 22. Chain; 23. Pneumatic turbine; 24. Power take-off shaft; 25. 26. Deformation zone; 27. Active drive mechanism; 28. Motor shaft; 29. ​​Rigid plate; 30. Elastic rubber ring; 31. Terminal plate; 32. Deformation plate; 33. Contact plate; 34. First external connecting pipe; 35. Turbine output shaft end; 36. Opening control valve; 37. Collision plate; 38. Airflow direction; 39. Second external connecting pipe; 40. Airflow distribution pipe; 41. Boosting air curtain; 42. Differential pressure backflush self-cleaning mechanism; 43. Third external connecting pipe; 44. Jet pipe; 45. Jet hole; 46. Backflush zone. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to examples. These examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] This application discloses a vacuum abrasive recovery tank for marine painting, such as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the system includes a recovery tank 1, support legs 2 around the recovery tank 1, and cross-shaped reinforcing channel steel 3 between the diagonal positions at the top of the support legs 2. The recovery tank 1 is equipped with components such as a sand suction pipe 4, a vacuum pipe 5, a discharge valve 6, an abrasive baffle 7, a maintenance manhole 8, a steel straight ladder 9, and fork foot sleeves 10.

[0022] The recovery tank 1 in this device is designed with a diameter of 2100mm and an effective volume of approximately 6m³. 3 This system can support uninterrupted recycling operations for up to 3 hours, significantly reducing the number of lifting and hoisting operations. The overall height is controlled within 3200mm, allowing for upright transport without needing to be laid down. In the original design, the suction pipe 4 was made of ø168 steel pipe, requiring cold working for disassembly. This design changes it to be made of high-molecular-weight polyethylene, using bolts for installation, allowing for quick replacement by a single person after wear. An abrasive baffle 7 is installed inside the recycling tank 1 directly opposite the suction pipe 4, with a 20mm thick rubber plate on its surface, effectively extending its service life. The support legs 2 and reinforcing structure are welded from 16b channel steel. A 10T fork foot sleeve 10 is installed at the bottom of the frame for easy movement and transfer at the ship repair dock. A steel ladder is installed on one side of the frame for easy access and hooking by lifting personnel. The recycling tank 1 has a circular maintenance manhole and a manual unloading valve 6 at the bottom. A dustproof guide pipe can be installed below the valve, simplifying operation and effectively suppressing dust. The device is equipped with lifting lugs at the top. To facilitate lifting, the vacuum tubes 5 are arranged along the side, with the pipelines extending to the outermost edge to create space and reduce obstacles.

[0023] Example 1: The recycling tank 1 is used to form a sealed sand-holding cavity and create a negative pressure inside; the vacuum tube 5 is provided with a negative pressure suction port 11 inside the recycling tank 1, and the end of the vacuum tube 5 is connected to a vacuum pump or other negative pressure device to establish a negative pressure inside the recycling tank 1 through the vacuum tube 5, and then the abrasive sand is sucked up and recycled through the sand suction pipe 4.

[0024] In this embodiment, a filter device 12 is provided on the negative pressure suction port 11. The filter device 12 filters the sand and gravel, causing the sand and gravel to be blocked and retained in the recovery tank 1. The filter device 12 includes a skeleton filter screen 13 and a circulating filter screen 14 disposed at the end of the negative pressure suction port 11. The skeleton filter screen 13 forms a planar air intake at the end of the negative pressure suction port 11. It is understood that this embodiment does not limit the orientation of the planar air intake at the negative pressure suction port 11. It can be horizontally arranged with the opening facing downwards, or the plane can be vertically arranged so that the negative pressure suction port 11 faces to the side. The circulating filter screen 14 includes a circulating rotating filter screen disposed around the negative pressure suction port 11. The circulating filter screen 14 can be configured as a ring structure with the ends connected, and the ring structure of the circulating filter screen 14 is disposed around the negative pressure suction port 11. Figure 3 The negative pressure suction port 11 shown is vertically positioned with its opening facing to the side. In this case, the circulating filter 14 forms a rectangular frame structure surrounding the negative pressure suction port 11; as shown... Figure 4 The negative pressure suction port 11 shown is set at an inclined angle, so that one side of the circulating filter 14 is attached to the plane formed by the skeleton filter 13, thereby forming a working filtration area 15 on that side. In the figure, the working filtration area 15 is set on one side of the circulating filter 14 and is parallel to and attached to the outside of the negative pressure suction port 11.

[0025] It is understood that the airflow generated by the negative pressure in the negative pressure suction port 11 first passes through the filter attached to the circulating filter 14, then through the skeleton filter 13, and then enters the vacuum tube 5. In design and use, the circulating filter 14 is a fine filter, and the skeleton filter 13 is a coarse filter. The circulating filter 14 is used to filter and separate sand and gravel, while the skeleton filter 13 provides support to the soft circulating filter 14 through its rigid mesh skeleton. The circulating filter 14 and the skeleton filter 13 in the working filtration zone 15 form a double-layer filter substrate with a combination of fine and coarse meshes. The other side of the circulating filter 14 forms a non-filtration working zone 16. The circulating filter 14 rotates cyclically, causing the filter in the non-filtration working zone 16 to continuously replace the filter in the working filtration zone 15 (the working filtration zone 15 of the circulating filter 14 always moves while adhering to the plane formed by the skeleton filter 13, allowing the circulating filter 14 to move between the working filtration zone 15 and the non-filtration working zone). (A closed loop is formed in zone 16). As filtration proceeds, the fine-pore circulating filter screen 14 gradually becomes filled with sand and gravel, leading to blockage of the circulating filter screen 14, which in turn causes blockage of the negative pressure suction port 11, reducing airflow and consequently lowering the vacuum level inside the recovery tank 1. This weakens the sand suction capacity of the sand suction pipe 4. Therefore, this embodiment is equipped with a circulating filter screen 14 that can rotate. In actual operation, when the circulating filter screen 14 becomes blocked, the rotation of the circulating filter screen 14 causes the unblocked parts of the circulating filter screen 14 to rotate to the skeleton filter screen 13, thereby reducing airflow resistance and restoring the vacuum level inside the recovery tank 1. It can be understood that under the negative pressure inside the vacuum tube 5, the circulating filter screen 14 can be adsorbed and adhered to the skeleton filter screen 13, and the direction of movement of the circulating filter screen 14 in the working filtration zone 15 is the direction in which the lifting box moves in the plane formed by the skeleton filter screen 13.

[0026] The circulating filter 14 includes multiple parallel steering shafts 17. The circulating filter 14 is fitted onto the multiple steering shafts 17 to form a surround around the negative pressure suction port 11. When the circulating filter 14 passes around one steering shaft 17, it can be turned. Figure 3 , 4As shown, a steering shaft 17 is provided at the point where the circulating filter 14 needs to turn (in actual use, a tensioning shaft can also be added to keep the circulating filter 14 taut), so that the circulating filter 14 can rotate cyclically in the enclosed shape, thereby replacing the filter in the working filtration area 15 of the negative pressure suction port 11; in actual use, the circulating filter 14 includes a flexible and fine mesh surface, and a conveyor chain can be provided at both sides of the circulating filter 14. The conveyor chain meshes with the sprocket on the steering shaft 17, so that the steering shaft 17 can tension the circulating filter 14 while avoiding deviation through the meshing of the conveyor chain; several leveling support rods are evenly spaced inside the mesh surface. The leveling support rods are parallel to the steering shaft 17, so that the two ends of the leveling support rods are respectively connected to the conveyor chains on both sides, thereby opening up the flexible mesh surface, so that the surface will not wrinkle when the filter is running.

[0027] Example 2: Furthermore, it also includes a self-powered drive structure for driving the circulating filter 14 to rotate cyclically. This structure includes multiple parallel steering shafts 17, with the circulating filter 14 mounted on the steering shafts 17 to form a ring around the negative pressure suction port 11. At least one steering shaft 17 is a drive shaft 19, and the other steering shafts 17 are driven shafts 20. The negative pressure inside the vacuum tube 5 serves as the power source for the self-powered drive structure. Figure 3 Taking the vertically positioned negative pressure suction port 11 as an example, its vacuum tube 5 has a horizontal pipe section 18 inside the recovery tank 1. The horizontal pipe section 18 is horizontally positioned inside the recovery tank 1, and four steering shafts 17 are positioned around the horizontal pipe section 18. The negative pressure suction port 11 is set on one side of the horizontal pipe section 18, and a skeleton filter screen 13 is fixedly set on the negative pressure suction port 11. A part of the circulating filter screen 14 is attached to the outside of the skeleton filter screen 13 to form a double-layer filter screen substrate. Furthermore, the self-powered drive structure includes a pneumatic turbine 23, which is rotatably disposed within the negative pressure inlet 11. A power output shaft 24 is rotatably disposed through the side wall of the negative pressure inlet 11. The torque of the pneumatic turbine 23 is transmitted to the power output shaft 24, and the torque of the power output shaft 24 is transmitted to the drive shaft 19. The configuration of the pneumatic turbine 23 is not limited; it can be an impact turbine blade, a reaction turbine blade, an axial flow turbine blade, a radial flow (centripetal turbine) blade, etc. Figure 5As shown, the two ends of the pneumatic turbine 23 can be positioned by support rods (not shown in the figure) and rotatably mounted therein. A power output shaft 24 is rotatably mounted through the side wall of the horizontal tube section 18. One end of the power output shaft 24 is poweredly connected to the pneumatic turbine 23, and a right-angle transmission structure 21, such as a bevel gear or worm gear transmission pair, can be used to transmit the rotational torque of the pneumatic turbine 23 to the power output shaft 24. The end of the power output shaft 24 located outside the horizontal tube section 18 can be selectively poweredly connected to a steering shaft 17, making it a drive shaft 19 that drives the circulating filter 14. Figure 5 The power output shaft 24 shown is connected to the drive shaft 19 via a chain 22. It is understood that the power transmission method is not limited and can be adapted by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0028] During operation, the negative pressure inside the vacuum tube 5 draws airflow into the negative pressure suction port 11, driving the pneumatic turbine 23 to rotate and causing the circulating filter 14 to rotate cyclically. The airflow generated by the negative pressure drives the pneumatic turbine 23 to rotate and transmits power to the drive shaft 19. In this embodiment, the pneumatic turbine 23 is located inside the vacuum tube 5.

[0029] In this embodiment, when the air permeability of the circulating filter 14 in the working filtration zone 15 is good, it can draw in enough airflow to drive the pneumatic turbine 23 to rotate, thereby continuously driving the circulation of the circulating filter 14. However, when faced with some special working conditions, such as when the abrasive particle size is fine and the separation effect of the abrasive baffle 7 on the gravel decreases, causing more gravel to be carried by the airflow into the circulating filter 14 and thus forming a certain blockage, resulting in a decrease in airflow permeability, the driving force of the airflow on the pneumatic turbine 23 weakens, its speed decreases or even stops, which in turn leads to further blockage of the circulating filter 14 in the working filtration zone 15, which is a situation we do not want to see.

[0030] As an improvement, this embodiment provides a deformation zone 25 on the side wall of the negative pressure suction port 11. The deformation zone 25 is configured to trigger the active drive mechanism 26. When the pressure difference between the recovery tank 1 and the vacuum tube 5 reaches a threshold, the deformation zone 25 collapses and deforms, activating the power supply to the active drive mechanism 26. This improvement adds an active drive mechanism 26, such as... Figure 5As shown, it can be a motor fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the horizontal tube section 18. The motor shaft 27 can be connected to the pneumatic turbine 23 through a clutch mechanism, or it can be directly connected to the drive shaft 19. This improvement adds a deformation zone 25, which can be designed to include a rigid plate 28, a retractable elastic rubber ring 29, a terminal plate 30, and a shape memory alloy deformation sheet 31. The rigid plate 28 is connected to the horizontal tube section 18 around the elastic rubber ring 29, and the elastic rubber ring 29 is provided with a deformation... Plate 31, the two ends of the deformation plate 31 are respectively connected to the rigid plate 28 and the horizontal pipe section 18. A terminal plate 30 is fixedly provided on the inner side of the rigid plate 28. The surface of the rigid plate 28 is provided with contact pieces 32, and the terminal plate 30 is provided with contact points 33. When the surface of the circulating filter screen 14 is severely blocked, the airflow velocity entering the vacuum tube 5 decreases and cannot effectively drive the circulating filter screen 14 to rotate. At this time, the pressure difference between the vacuum tube 5 and the recovery tank 1 increases. When the pressure difference increases to a certain threshold, the deformation zone 25 is concave and deformed. Figure 6 As shown, the easily deformable elastic rubber ring 29 is stretched, causing the rigid plate 28 to be drawn inward. A terminal plate 30 is fixed at a corresponding position inside, which serves as the switch for connecting the active drive mechanism 26. The terminal plate 30 has contacts 33, and the surface of the rigid plate 28 has contact pieces 32. The concavity of the rigid plate 28 causes the contact pieces 32 to contact the contacts 33, thus connecting the circuit. This causes the active drive mechanism 26 to rotate, thereby driving the drive shaft 19 or the pneumatic turbine 23 to resume operation, thus replacing the circulating filter 14 in the working filtration zone 15, and reducing the pressure difference between the vacuum tube 5 and the recovery tank 1. When the pressure difference is lower than the design threshold, the rigid plate 28 returns to its initial position via the deformation piece 31, thus disconnecting the circuit. The deformation piece 31 can be made of elastic elements, shape memory alloys, or other materials to facilitate the return of the rigid plate 28 to its initial position. Figure 5 As shown. After the active drive mechanism 26 is triggered, it drives the circulating filter 14 to rotate, thereby restoring the airflow velocity in the vacuum tube 5 and allowing the pneumatic turbine 23 to resume operation.

[0031] The active drive mechanism 26 and the self-driven structure are configured in parallel. Both can drive the circulating filter 14 to operate, but they have priority. It can be understood that the self-driven structure has a higher priority than the active drive mechanism 26.

[0032] Example 3: As a parallel design to Embodiment 2, the self-powered drive structure includes a pneumatic turbine 23, which is rotatably mounted on a first external connecting pipe 34. One end of the first external connecting pipe 34 is connected to a vacuum tube 5, and the other end is connected to the recovery tank 1 and connected to the outside atmosphere. The shaft end of the pneumatic turbine 23 extends out of the first external connecting pipe 34 to form a turbine output shaft end 35, which is poweredly connected to a drive shaft 19. An adjustable opening control valve 36 is provided on the first external connecting pipe 34. This embodiment also includes a pneumatic turbine 23, the difference being its placement and the addition of a first external connecting pipe 34, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, one end of the first external connecting pipe 34 is connected to the horizontal pipe section 18 of the vacuum tube 5, thereby creating a negative pressure inside the first external connecting pipe 34. The first external connecting pipe 34 extends out of the recovery tank 1 and is provided with an opening control valve 36. A pneumatic turbine 23 is rotatably installed inside the first external connecting pipe 34, so that airflow can be directly drawn in through the first external connecting pipe 34, thereby driving the starting turbine inside. The turbine output shaft end 35 of the pneumatic turbine 23 can drive the shaft 19 to rotate through the chain 22, thereby making the circulating filter 14 operate.

[0033] This embodiment utilizes the negative pressure within the vacuum tube 5, dividing it into two paths: one for the negative pressure suction port 11 and the other for the first external connecting pipe 34. The airflow entering the first external connecting pipe 34 can be adjusted by controlling the opening of the valve 36. The airflow directly introduced from the outside drives the pneumatic turbine 23. In normal conditions, the pneumatic turbine 23 directly controls the rotation of the drive shaft 19, thereby causing the circulating filter 14 to rotate. Its advantage lies in that, in abnormal conditions, i.e., when the working filtration zone 15 becomes clogged, the airflow at the negative pressure suction port 11 decreases. Note that this does not affect the rotation of the pneumatic turbine 23. Furthermore, the reduced airflow at the negative pressure suction port 11 allows more airflow to enter through the first external connecting pipe 34, accelerating the rotation of the pneumatic turbine 23 and thus accelerating the circulation of the circulating filter 14. Therefore, in this embodiment, when faced with clogging, the pneumatic turbine 23 not only does not stop operating but rotates even faster, thus accelerating the replacement of the circulating filter 14 without affecting the filtration effect.

[0034] Example 4: The self-powered drive structure for driving the circulating filter 14 to rotate in a circular manner can also be designed as follows, which also has multiple parallel rotating shafts 17. The circulating filter 14 is sleeved on the multiple rotating shafts 17 to form a surrounding arrangement around the negative pressure suction port 11. This design is the same as the aforementioned structure, except that the self-powered drive structure in this embodiment includes several impact plates 37 formed on the surface of the circulating filter 14. The impact force of gravel or airflow hitting the impact plates 37 serves as the power source for the self-powered drive structure. Figure 8 , 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the negative pressure suction port 11 is inclined. In this embodiment, the collision plate 37 is exemplarily positioned perpendicular to the plane of the circulating filter 14, so that the collision plate 37 forms a certain angle with the airflow direction 38 entering the negative pressure suction port 11. The thrust of the airflow direction 38 acts on the collision plate 37 in the upward direction on the plane of the negative pressure suction port 11, and this component force pushes the collision plate 37, thereby driving the circulating filter 14 to operate. Figure 9 As shown, the dashed line indicates the direction of airflow entering the negative pressure inlet 11. The thrust of this airflow is decomposed into F1 and F2. The F1 component acts on the collision plate 37 to drive the circulation filter 14 to operate, and the F2 component is the driving force for the airflow to pass through the double-layer filter substrate. It can also push the circulation filter 14 of the working filter area 15 to adhere to the negative pressure inlet 11.

[0035] In this embodiment, the skeleton filter 13 is tilted, so that the airflow or the impact force of the gravel acting on the collision plate 37 forms a component force F2 along the tilt direction of the plane of the skeleton filter 13, which drives the circulation filter 14 to operate.

[0036] As an improvement to this embodiment, the recovery tank 1 is provided with a second external connecting pipe 39, one end of which is located on the side wall of the recovery tank 1 and connected to the external atmosphere, and the other end is provided with a booster air curtain 41 in the non-filtering working area 16 of the circulating filter 14, such as... Figure 9 As shown, one end of the second external connecting pipe 39 passes through the recovery tank 1, and the other end is divided into multiple branches. Each branch is connected to an airflow distribution pipe 40. The airflow outlet on the airflow distribution pipe 40 sprays air downwards. The airflow sprayed from the multiple branches covers a large area to form a booster air curtain 41, and causes the airflow to act on the collision plate 37 of the non-filtration working area 16, thereby applying a downward thrust F3 to the circulating filter 14 on that side. The air outlet of the booster air curtain 41 faces the collision plate 37 and provides auxiliary thrust for the circulating rotation of the circulating filter 14 through the thrust F3 formed by the wind. It can be understood that the booster air curtain 41 can also be used to blow away the sand and gravel clogging the circulating filter 14 to form a cleaning effect.

[0037] Example 5: This embodiment can be combined with the aforementioned embodiments, and includes a differential pressure backflushing self-cleaning mechanism 42, comprising a third external connecting pipe 43 disposed on the recovery tank 1, such as... Figure 10 As shown, one end of the third external connecting pipe 43 is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the other end of the third external connecting pipe 43 is connected to the jet pipe 44 and is located in the non-filtration working area 16 inside the surrounding area formed by the circulating filter 14. The jet pipe 44 is arranged along the width direction of the circulating filter 14 in the surrounding area. The jet pipe 44 is provided with jet holes 45 to form a backflush zone 46 for the circulating filter 14, and the jet holes 45 are arranged facing outward of the surrounding area. The vacuum pipe 5 establishes a negative pressure in the recovery tank 1, and the outside atmosphere is directly drawn into it through the third external connecting pipe 43. The jet air is then sprayed through the jet pipe 44 to backflush the circulating filter 14, forming a jet airflow generated by the negative pressure driving force to clean the circulating filter 14. Multiple jet pipes 44 are arranged in parallel, and the jet holes 45 on the multiple jet pipes 44 are staggered to form a backflush array. The parallel arrangement of the jet pipes 44 can make the backflush airflow more concentrated, and the staggered arrangement of the jet holes 45 helps to reduce the cleaning dead zone, realizing full coverage cleaning of the circulating filter 14.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting, characterized in that, The system includes a recovery tank that forms a sealed sand-holding cavity and creates a negative pressure inside. The recovery tank is equipped with a sand-suction pipe and a vacuum pipe. The vacuum pipe has a negative pressure suction port inside the recovery tank, and a filter device is installed at the negative pressure suction port. The filter device includes a skeleton filter and a circulating filter at the end of the negative pressure suction port. The skeleton filter forms a planar air intake at the end of the negative pressure suction port. The circulating filter includes a rotating filter surrounding the negative pressure suction port. One side of the circulating filter is attached to the plane formed by the skeleton filter, forming a working filtration zone on that side. The other side of the circulating filter forms a non-filtration working zone. The circulating filter in the working filtration zone and the skeleton filter form a double-layer filter substrate with varying coarseness. The circulating filter rotates continuously, causing the filter in the non-filtration working zone to continuously replace the filter in the working filtration zone.

2. A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a self-powered drive structure for driving the circulating filter to rotate in a cycle, which includes multiple parallel steering shafts. The circulating filter is sleeved on the multiple steering shafts to form a surrounding arrangement around the negative pressure suction port. At least one steering shaft is a drive shaft, and the other steering shafts are driven shafts. The negative pressure inside the vacuum tube serves as the power source for the self-powered drive structure.

3. A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The self-powered drive structure includes a pneumatic turbine, which is rotatably disposed inside the negative pressure suction port. A power output shaft is rotatably disposed through the side wall of the negative pressure suction port. The torque of the pneumatic turbine is transmitted to the power output shaft, and the torque of the power output shaft is transmitted to the drive shaft. The negative pressure inside the vacuum tube draws airflow into the negative pressure suction port, which drives the pneumatic turbine to rotate and cause the circulating filter to rotate cyclically.

4. A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side wall of the negative pressure suction port is provided with a deformation zone. The deformation zone is configured as a switch to trigger the active drive mechanism. When the pressure difference between the recovery tank and the vacuum tube reaches a threshold, the deformation zone is caused to collapse and deform and the power supply of the active drive mechanism is turned on. The output end of the active drive mechanism is powered to the drive shaft.

5. A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The self-powered drive structure includes a pneumatic turbine, which is rotatably mounted on a first external connecting pipe. One end of the first external connecting pipe is connected to a vacuum tube, and the other end is connected to a recovery tank and connected to the outside atmosphere. The shaft end of the pneumatic turbine extends out of the first external connecting pipe to form a turbine output shaft end, which is poweredly connected to a drive shaft.

6. A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a self-powered drive structure for driving the circulating filter to rotate in a circular manner. It includes multiple steering shafts arranged in parallel with each other. The circulating filter is sleeved on the multiple steering shafts to form a surrounding arrangement around the negative pressure suction port. The self-powered drive structure includes several collision plates formed on the surface of the circulating filter. The impact force of sand or airflow hitting the collision plates serves as the power source for the self-powered drive structure.

7. A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting according to claim 6, characterized in that, The skeleton filter is tilted so that the impact force acting on the collision plate forms a component force along the tilt direction of the skeleton filter plane, and this component force drives the circulation filter to operate.

8. A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting according to claim 7, characterized in that, The recycling tank is equipped with a second external connecting pipe, one end of which is located on the side wall of the recycling tank and connected to the outside atmosphere, and the other end is set in the non-filtration working area of ​​the circulating filter as a booster air curtain. The air outlet of the booster air curtain faces the collision plate and provides auxiliary thrust to the circulating rotation of the circulating filter through the wind.

9. A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The device is equipped with a differential pressure backflush self-cleaning mechanism, including a third external connecting pipe installed on the recovery tank. One end of the third external connecting pipe is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the other end of the third external connecting pipe is connected to a jet pipe and is located in the non-filtration working area inside the surrounding area formed by the circulating filter. The jet pipe is installed in the surrounding area along the width direction of the circulating filter. The jet pipe is provided with jet holes to form a backflush zone for the circulating filter and the jet holes are oriented towards the outside of the surrounding area.

10. A vacuum abrasive recovery tank for ship painting according to claim 9, characterized in that, The jet pipes are arranged in parallel, and the jet holes on the multiple jet pipes are staggered to form a backflush array.

Images