A clamping tool and detection method for flange type parts

Abstract

The application provides a clamping tool and a detection method for flange parts, and belongs to the technical field of part detection. The clamping tool comprises a base plate and a clamping unit. The clamping unit comprises a supporting and positioning assembly and an elastic pressing assembly. The supporting and positioning assembly is vertically arranged on the base plate and has a horizontal supporting surface and a vertical limiting surface. The supporting and positioning assembly is further provided with a positioning part which is used for plug-in cooperation with a reference hole of the flange part. The elastic pressing assembly comprises a pressing part and two elastic parts. The pressing part is movably connected to the horizontal supporting surface and is arranged in a spaced manner with the vertical limiting surface. The two elastic parts are arranged in a vertical and longitudinal manner respectively and are connected to the pressing part. The clamping tool for flange part detection can stably constrain the workpiece in multiple directions, reduce the movement, deflection and micro-motion of the workpiece after clamping and in the detection process, and reduce the generation of additional measurement errors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of parts inspection technology, and more specifically, it relates to a clamping fixture and inspection method for flange parts. Background Technology

[0002] Flange components are fundamental connecting parts widely used in fluid transportation, pressure vessels, and precision equipment. The machining accuracy of parameters such as inner diameter, outer diameter, end face form and position tolerances, and datum hole position accuracy directly determines the sealing performance of the pipeline system and the operational reliability of the equipment assembly. In the quality control of flange components, clamping fixtures, as the carrier for workpiece positioning and fixation, are crucial for ensuring accurate test results and improving batch testing efficiency due to their positioning accuracy, clamping stability, and non-destructive nature.

[0003] Existing clamping methods mostly involve single-directional constraints, making it difficult to simultaneously ensure stable clamping in both radial and vertical directions. Workpieces are prone to shifting, deflection, and micro-movement, which can introduce additional measurement errors. Furthermore, the positioning datum and clamping datum are often separate, and multiple datum conversions can easily accumulate systematic errors. Moreover, it is difficult to achieve precise alignment with the flange's own datum holes, failing to meet the datum consistency requirements for high-precision testing. Overall, it is difficult to simultaneously achieve accurate and repeatable positioning, stable clamping in multiple directions, and damage-free clamping, thus hindering the improvement of efficiency and accuracy in the batch testing of flange parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a clamping fixture and inspection method for flange parts inspection, so as to solve the technical problems of difficulty in achieving accurate positioning and stable clamping of flange parts in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a clamping fixture for the inspection of flange-type parts, including a base plate and at least one clamping unit; the clamping unit includes a support and positioning component and an elastic clamping component; The support and positioning assembly is vertically disposed on the base plate and has a horizontal support surface and a vertical limiting surface; the horizontal support surface is used to support the lower end face of the flange-like part, and the vertical limiting surface is used to fit against the side wall of the flange-like part; the support and positioning assembly is also provided with a positioning part located on the vertical limiting surface, the positioning part protruding towards the reference hole of the flange-like part and used to insert and cooperate with the reference hole of the flange-like part to position the flange-like part radially and circumferentially. The elastic clamping assembly is arranged correspondingly to the supporting and positioning assembly, and includes a clamping member and two elastic members; the clamping member is movably connected to the horizontal supporting surface and is spaced apart from the vertical limiting surface; the flange-like part is installed between the clamping member and the vertical limiting surface; the two elastic members are arranged vertically and longitudinally respectively, and are both connected to the clamping member, and apply force to the clamping member so that the clamping member and the vertical limiting surface elastically clamp and fix the flange-like part.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the support and positioning component includes a column and a support, the column being vertically fixed to the base plate, the support being assembled on the column, and both the horizontal support surface and the vertical limiting surface being formed on the support.

[0007] In one possible implementation, a reinforcing rib is also provided between the column and the base plate.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the support is an L-shaped plate, and the horizontal supporting surface and the vertical limiting surface are arranged perpendicularly on the L-shaped plate.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the positioning part is a detachably connected positioning pin, which is mounted on the vertical limiting surface.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the elastic element is a spring, and the elastic clamping assembly further includes a connecting rod, a first spring seat fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod, and a second spring seat slidably connected to the connecting rod. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod and located between the first spring seat and the second spring seat. The supporting and positioning assembly has two through holes, and the pressing member has two connecting holes. The second spring seat abuts against the supporting and positioning assembly, and the connecting rod slides through the corresponding through hole and is fixedly connected to the connecting hole.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the through hole on the horizontal support surface is an elongated adjustment hole, and the length direction of the elongated adjustment hole is perpendicular to the vertical limiting surface; the vertically arranged connecting rod passes through the elongated adjustment hole and connects to the pressure member.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the pressing member is a long strip, and the number of clamping units is multiple, arranged at intervals along the length direction of the long strip.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the clamping fixture for flange parts inspection provided in this application are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the clamping fixture for flange parts inspection in this application uses a base plate as the mounting base, on which at least one clamping unit is set. Each clamping unit is composed of a support and positioning component and two elastic clamping components. The support and positioning component is vertically arranged on the base plate and integrates two reference surfaces: a horizontal support surface and a vertical limiting surface. The horizontal support surface can form vertical support for the lower end face of the flange part, providing a stable axial placement reference for the workpiece. The vertical limiting surface can fit against the side wall of the flange part, providing a lateral limiting reference for the workpiece. The vertical limiting surface of the support and positioning component is provided with a positioning part protruding towards the reference hole, which can directly form an insertion fit with the reference hole of the flange part itself, thereby constraining the radial displacement and circumferential deflection of the workpiece and realizing accurate and repeatable positioning of the workpiece.

[0014] In actual clamping operations, the flange-type parts are first placed on the horizontal support surface, with the sidewalls of the parts close to the vertical limiting surface. At the same time, the positioning part is inserted into the reference hole of the part to complete the initial positioning. Then, the two elastic clamping components move synchronously. The two elastic elements in each set of elastic clamping components apply forces in the corresponding directions to the clamping parts, driving the clamping parts that are movably connected to the horizontal support surface to move towards the vertical limiting surface. Finally, the flange-type parts are elastically clamped between the clamping parts and the vertical limiting surface, completing the clamping and fixing of the workpiece.

[0015] The elastic clamping assembly incorporates elastic elements in both vertical and longitudinal directions, enabling simultaneous output of elastic constraint forces in different directions. Combined with the reference constraints of the horizontal support surface and the vertical limiting surface, it provides multi-directional stable constraints on the workpiece, reducing workpiece movement and deflection after clamping, as well as micro-movements during inspection, thus minimizing additional measurement errors. The positioning unit is directly integrated onto the vertical limiting surface, sharing the same support and positioning component carrier with the clamping and limiting reference. This reduces the cumulative systematic errors caused by multi-base reference conversion. Furthermore, using the workpiece's own reference hole as the positioning and mating reference improves the reference overlap, meeting the reference consistency requirements of high-precision inspection.

[0016] Another object of this application is to provide a detection method for flange-type parts, employing any of the above-mentioned clamping fixtures for flange-type parts detection, including: S1: Fix the clamping fixture to the coordinate measuring machine table, select one of the clamping units as the reference station, and establish a reference measurement coordinate system by measuring the center of the positioning part, the horizontal support surface and the vertical limiting surface of the reference station; measure and record the fixed mechanical offset values ​​of the other stations relative to the reference station in sequence. S2: The first flange-like part to be tested is loaded into the reference station, and the flange-like part is kept in a free and unclamped state. Based on the reference measurement coordinate system, the free state coordinate data of several measuring points on the flange-like part is collected; the elastic clamping assembly is adjusted to the rated clamping force so that the clamping member cooperates with the vertical limiting surface to clamp the flange-like part, and the clamping state coordinate data is collected for the same measuring points; the clamping micro-deformation of the flange-like part is calculated and stored by the coordinate difference between the free state and the clamping state. S3: Install the same specification flange parts to be measured at all stations and complete the elastic clamping; based on the reference measurement coordinate system, generate the measurement coordinate system of each station according to the fixed mechanical offset value corresponding to each station, complete the full-size measurement of the flange parts at each station in sequence, and deduct the clamping micro deformation amount from the measurement results to output the true size and geometric tolerance of the flange parts under stress-free state.

[0017] In one possible implementation, in S2, the rated clamping force is adjusted and controlled by controlling the number of compression turns of each elastic element. The vertical elastic element and the longitudinal elastic element in the same elastic clamping assembly are independently adjusted to the corresponding preset preload. Flange parts of the same specification and batch undergo a first-piece dual-state deformation calibration, and the remaining workpieces directly reuse the clamping micro-deformation amount for error compensation. The clamping micro-deformation amount includes the radial shrinkage deformation amount generated by the longitudinal clamping force on the flange parts and the axial deformation amount of the end face generated by the vertical preload.

[0018] The inspection method for flange parts provided in this application first fixes the clamping fixture on the coordinate measuring machine table, selects one of the clamping units as the reference station, and collects the relevant coordinate data of the center of the positioning part, the horizontal support surface and the vertical limiting surface of the reference station through the coordinate measuring machine, thereby establishing a reference measurement coordinate system as a unified coordinate reference for the inspection of the entire fixture.

[0019] Subsequently, the fixed mechanical offset values ​​of each of the remaining workstations relative to the reference workstation are measured and stored. Under the premise that the tooling assembly status is stable, the offset values ​​can be repeatedly used in the same batch of inspections without the need for recalibration before each inspection.

[0020] After establishing the baseline, proceed to the next step. Place the first flange-type part to be tested at the baseline station. First, keep the flange-type part in a free, unclamped state. Based on the baseline measurement coordinate system, collect the free state coordinate data of several measuring points on the flange-type part to reflect the original shape of the part without external force. Then, adjust the elastic clamping assembly to the rated clamping force so that the clamping component cooperates with the vertical limiting surface to clamp the flange-type part. Collect the clamping state coordinate data at the same measuring point position. By comparing the coordinate difference between the free state and the clamping state, calculate and retain the clamping micro-deformation of the flange-type part of this specification under the rated clamping force, as the basis for subsequent test data correction.

[0021] Finally, flange parts of the same specification are installed in all workstations and elastically clamped using elastic clamping components. During inspection, the reference measurement coordinate system is used as the basis, and the measurement coordinate system of each workstation is generated according to the fixed mechanical offset value corresponding to each workstation. There is no need to perform alignment operations for each part and each workstation. The full-dimensional measurement of flange parts at each workstation is completed in sequence. Finally, all measurement results are uniformly deducted from the pre-calibrated clamping micro-deformation amount, and the true dimensions and geometric tolerances of the flange parts under stress-free conditions are output.

[0022] This approach simplifies the coordinate system setup process for batch inspection by pre-calibrating the station offset, reducing the auxiliary operation time for single-piece inspection. At the same time, by obtaining the clamping deformation amount through the first piece dual-state calibration and correcting the data, the impact of the micro-deformation of the parts caused by elastic clamping on the inspection results can be reduced. While improving the efficiency of batch inspection, it can also ensure the accuracy of the inspection results, adapting to the high-precision batch inspection needs of flange parts in multi-station clamping mode. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the usage state of the clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the usage state of the clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 .

[0025] The following are the labeling elements in the figure: 10. Base plate; 20. Support and positioning assembly; 21. Horizontal support surface; 22. Vertical limiting surface; 23. Positioning part; 24. Column; 25. Support; 26. Reinforcing rib plate; 27. Through hole; 28. Long strip adjustment hole; 30. Elastic clamping assembly; 31. Holding part; 32. Elastic part; 33. Connecting rod; 34. First spring seat; 35. Second spring seat; 36. Connecting hole; 40. Flange parts. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0027] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 6 The clamping fixture for inspecting flange parts provided in this application will now be described. A clamping fixture for inspecting flange parts includes a base plate 10 and at least one clamping unit; the clamping unit includes a support and positioning component 20 and an elastic clamping component 30. The support and positioning assembly 20 is vertically mounted on the base plate 10 and has a horizontal support surface 21 and a vertical limiting surface 22. The horizontal support surface 21 is used to support the lower end face of the flange part 40, and the vertical limiting surface 22 is used to fit against the side wall of the flange part 40. The support and positioning assembly 20 is also provided with a positioning part 23 located on the vertical limiting surface 22. The positioning part 23 protrudes toward the reference hole of the flange part 40 and is used to insert and cooperate with the reference hole of the flange part 40 to position the flange part 40 radially and circumferentially. The elastic clamping assembly 30 is arranged correspondingly to the supporting and positioning assembly 20, and includes a clamping member 31 and two elastic members 32. The clamping member 31 is movably connected to the horizontal supporting surface 21 and is spaced apart from the vertical limiting surface 22. The flange-type part 40 is installed between the clamping member 31 and the vertical limiting surface 22. The two elastic members 32 are arranged vertically and longitudinally respectively, and are both connected to the clamping member 31 and apply force to the clamping member 31 so that the clamping member 31 and the vertical limiting surface 22 elastically clamp and fix the flange-type part 40.

[0031] The clamping fixture for flange parts inspection provided in this application, compared with the prior art, uses a base plate 10 as the mounting base, on which at least one clamping unit is set. Each clamping unit is composed of a support and positioning component 20 and two elastic clamping components 30. The support and positioning component 20 is vertically arranged on the base plate 10 and integrates two reference surfaces: a horizontal support surface 21 and a vertical limiting surface 22. The horizontal support surface 21 can form vertical support for the lower end face of the flange part 40, providing a stable axial placement reference for the workpiece. The vertical limiting surface 22 can fit against the side wall of the flange part 40, providing a lateral limiting reference for the workpiece. The vertical limiting surface 22 of the support and positioning component 20 is provided with a positioning part 23 protruding towards the reference hole, which can directly form an insertion fit with the reference hole of the flange part 40 itself, thereby constraining the radial displacement and circumferential deflection of the workpiece and realizing precise and repeatable positioning of the workpiece.

[0032] In actual clamping operation, the flange-type part 40 is first placed on the horizontal support surface 21, so that the side wall of the part is close to the vertical limiting surface 22. At the same time, the positioning part 23 is inserted into the reference hole of the part to complete the initial positioning. Then, the elastic clamping assembly 30 operates synchronously. The two elastic elements 32 in the elastic clamping assembly 30 apply forces in the corresponding directions to the clamping member 31, driving the clamping member 31, which is movably connected to the horizontal support surface 21, to move towards the vertical limiting surface 22. Finally, the flange-type part 40 is elastically clamped between the clamping member 31 and the vertical limiting surface 22, completing the clamping and fixing of the workpiece.

[0033] The elastic clamping assembly 30 is equipped with elastic elements 32 in both vertical and longitudinal directions, which can simultaneously output elastic constraint forces in different directions. Combined with the reference constraints of the horizontal support surface 21 and the vertical limiting surface 22, it can form a multi-directional stable constraint on the workpiece, reducing workpiece movement and deflection after clamping and micro-movements during the inspection process, thus reducing additional measurement errors. The positioning part 23 is directly integrated onto the vertical limiting surface 22. The positioning reference and the clamping limiting reference share the same support positioning assembly 20 carrier, reducing the cumulative system error caused by multi-base reference conversion. Simultaneously, using the workpiece's own reference hole as the positioning and mating reference improves the reference overlap, meeting the reference consistency requirements of high-precision inspection.

[0034] Meanwhile, the flexible clamping method using elastic element 32 to provide clamping force avoids stress concentration problems caused by rigid clamping and reduces the risk of damage to the precision-machined surface of the flange sidewall. This fixture can ensure positioning accuracy and clamping stability while meeting the requirements of damage-free clamping, which helps to improve the work efficiency and accuracy of batch inspection of flange parts (40 batches).

[0035] Please see Figures 1 to 6 As a specific embodiment of the clamping fixture for flange parts inspection provided in this application, the support and positioning assembly 20 includes a column 24 and a support 25. The column 24 is vertically fixed to the base plate 10, and the support 25 is assembled on the column 24. The horizontal support surface 21 and the vertical limiting surface 22 are both formed on the support 25. The support and positioning assembly 20 adopts a separate structure of column 24 and support 25. The column 24 is fixedly installed vertically at the corresponding position on the base plate 10, and the support 25 is assembled on the upper part of the column 24. The horizontal support surface 21 and the vertical limiting surface 22 are both machined on the support 25. This split structure separates the vertical support function and the reference forming function into two components. During the processing, the column 24 and the support 25 can be independently precision machined, without the need for large-mass milling of a whole piece of material, which can reduce the processing difficulty and material waste.

[0036] The column 24 is vertically fixed on the base plate 10 and its verticality is corrected. Then the support 25 is assembled onto the top of the column 24. The posture of the support 25 is finely adjusted by adjusting the shims or fasteners to ensure that the flatness of the horizontal support surface 21 and the perpendicularity of the vertical limiting surface 22 meet the test benchmark requirements.

[0037] Please see Figures 1 to 6As a specific embodiment of the clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts provided in this application, a reinforcing rib plate 26 is added between the side wall of the column 24 and the upper surface of the base plate 10. The reinforcing rib plate 26 is typically made of a triangular cross-section plate, with its two adjacent sides fixedly connected to the side wall of the column 24 and the upper surface of the base plate 10, respectively, forming a triangular reinforcement structure at the base of the column 24. This structure utilizes the mechanical stability of a triangle to rigidly reinforce the connection between the column 24 and the base plate 10, improving the deformation resistance of the connection node.

[0038] After adding the reinforcing rib 26, the bending resistance of the base of the column 24 can be effectively improved. When the flange parts are subjected to lateral clamping force, the elastic deformation of the base of the column 24 can be reduced, and the lateral displacement of the supporting positioning component 20 can be avoided. This helps to maintain the positional accuracy of the positioning reference and the clamping reference, and reduces the measurement error caused by the deformation of the tooling structure.

[0039] Please see Figures 1 to 6 As a specific embodiment of the clamping fixture for flange-type parts inspection provided in this application, the support 25 is manufactured from an L-shaped plate. The upper surface of the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate is precision-machined to form a horizontal support surface 21, and the inner wall of the vertical section of the L-shaped plate is precision-machined to form a vertical limiting surface 22. The two reference surfaces intersect perpendicularly and are integrally formed on the same L-shaped plate. This integral structure ensures the positional relationship between the two reference surfaces by the structure of the L-shaped plate itself, reducing the cumulative error caused by the assembly of multiple components.

[0040] The lower end face of the flange part is placed on the horizontal support surface 21, and the side wall is against the vertical limiting surface 22. The two mutually perpendicular reference surfaces can simultaneously provide axial support and radial initial limiting, which makes it easy for operators to quickly place the workpiece and improves the convenience of clamping operation. At the same time, the integrated L-shaped support 25 has good structural rigidity, and the reference surface is not easy to undergo relative deformation after bearing the workpiece.

[0041] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As a specific embodiment of the clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts provided in this application, the positioning part 23 is configured as a detachably connected positioning pin. The positioning pin is assembled into the mounting hole on the vertical limiting surface 22 through detachable means such as threaded connection or plug-in locking. The protruding end of the positioning pin is used to form a plug-in engagement with the reference hole of the flange-type part 40. This independent detachable structure separates the positioning functional component from the main body of the support 25, making the positioning pin an independently replaceable functional component.

[0042] When dealing with flange parts with different reference hole specifications, the corresponding diameter and length of the locating pin can be disassembled and replaced according to the hole diameter and hole depth parameters of the reference hole, without the need to replace the entire support 25, which can broaden the tooling's compatibility with flanges of different specifications.

[0043] Please see Figures 1 to 6 As a specific embodiment of the clamping fixture for flange parts inspection provided in this application, the elastic element 32 is a compression spring. Each set of elastic clamping components 30 is also equipped with a connecting rod 33, a first spring seat 34, and a second spring seat 35. The first spring seat 34 is fixedly installed on one end of the connecting rod 33, and the second spring seat 35 is slidably sleeved on the connecting rod 33. The spring is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 33 and clamped between the first spring seat 34 and the second spring seat 35. The support and positioning component 20 has two through holes 27 in corresponding directions, and the clamping component 31 has corresponding connecting holes 36. After assembly, the second spring seat 35 abuts against the outer wall of the support and positioning component 20. After the connecting rod 33 slides through the corresponding through hole 27, its end is fixedly connected to the connecting hole 36 of the clamping component 31.

[0044] During assembly, the second spring seat 35, the spring, and the first spring seat 34 are first sequentially fitted onto the connecting rod 33. Then, the connecting rod 33 is inserted through the corresponding through hole 27 from the outside of the support and positioning assembly 20, so that the second spring seat 35 abuts against the wall of the support and positioning assembly 20. Finally, the inner end of the connecting rod 33 is fixed to the connecting hole 36 of the clamping member 31. The spring is in a pre-compressed state, and its elastic force acts on the support and positioning assembly 20 through the second spring seat 35. The reaction force is transmitted to the clamping member 31 through the first spring seat 34 and the connecting rod 33, driving the clamping member 31 to move toward the vertical limiting surface 22, thereby achieving elastic clamping of the flange parts.

[0045] In this structure, the connecting rod 33 provides radial guidance for the spring, preventing lateral bending and deflection during spring compression. The two spring seats disperse the contact stress on the spring end faces, preventing direct wear of the spring ends on the surfaces supporting the positioning assembly 20 and the clamping member 31, thus improving the operational stability and service life of the elastic mechanism. Simultaneously, the sliding fit between the connecting rod 33 and the through hole 27 constrains the movement direction of the clamping member 31, making the direction of the clamping force stable and controllable, which helps improve the consistency of clamping different workpieces.

[0046] Please see Figures 1 to 6 As a specific embodiment of the clamping fixture for flange-type parts inspection provided in this application, the through hole 27 on the horizontal support surface 21 is configured as an elongated adjustment hole 28. The length extension direction of the elongated adjustment hole 28 is perpendicular to the vertical limiting surface 22, that is, it is arranged along the direction of the clamping force. The vertically arranged connecting rod 33 passes through the elongated adjustment hole 28 and can be moved and adjusted along the length direction of the hole. This elongated hole structure provides space for the vertical connecting rod 33 to adjust its position, making the initial installation position of the clamping member 31 adjustable.

[0047] When assembling flanges of different specifications, the initial positions of the vertical connecting rod 33 and the clamping member 31 can be adjusted along the elongated adjustment hole 28, changing the initial distance between the clamping member 31 and the vertical limiting surface 22. This adapts to flange parts with different outer diameters, broadening the range of applicable specifications for the tooling. Simultaneously, the elongated adjustment hole 28 guides and limits the movement of the vertical connecting rod 33, ensuring that the clamping member 31 moves smoothly along a direction perpendicular to the vertical limiting surface 22, preventing deflection or offset of the clamping member 31, and allowing the clamping force to be evenly applied to the flange sidewall, thus improving clamping stability.

[0048] Please see Figures 1 to 6 As a specific embodiment of the clamping fixture for flange parts inspection provided in this application, the clamping member 31 adopts a long strip plate structure. Multiple clamping units are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length of the strip plate. Each clamping unit corresponds to an inspection station. The supporting and positioning components 20 of each station are set independently and share the same long strip clamping member 31. The long strip plate is moved by the elastic clamping components 30 of each clamping unit to realize the synchronous clamping of workpieces at multiple stations.

[0049] During batch inspection and clamping operations, multiple flange parts can be placed sequentially on the support and positioning components 20 of each clamping unit. After adjusting the elastic clamping components 30, the long strip plate can simultaneously apply clamping force to the flange parts at all stations, eliminating the need to adjust the clamping mechanism of each station individually. This simplifies the batch clamping operation and improves the efficiency of multi-station clamping. Simultaneously, the overall force distribution of the long strip plate is more uniform, resulting in better consistency of clamping force across stations. This reduces deformation deviations caused by differences in clamping force between different stations, facilitating uniform compensation for clamping deformation errors during batch inspection.

[0050] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This application also provides a detection method for flange-type parts, which employs any of the above-mentioned clamping fixtures for flange-type parts detection, including: S1: Fix the clamping fixture to the coordinate measuring machine table, select one of the clamping units as the reference station, and establish the reference measuring coordinate system through the center of the positioning part 23, the horizontal support surface 21 and the vertical limiting surface 22 of the reference station; measure and record the fixed mechanical offset values ​​of the other stations relative to the reference station in sequence. S2: The first flange-type part 40 to be tested is loaded into the reference station, and the flange-type part 40 is kept in a free and unclamped state. Based on the reference measurement coordinate system, the free state coordinate data of several measuring points on the flange-type part 40 is collected; the elastic clamping component 30 is adjusted to the rated clamping force so that the clamping component 31 cooperates with the vertical limiting surface 22 to clamp the flange-type part 40, and the clamping state coordinate data is collected for the same measuring points; the clamping micro-deformation of the flange-type part 40 is calculated and stored by the coordinate difference between the free state and the clamping state. S3: Install the same specification flange parts 40 at all workstations and complete the elastic clamping; based on the reference measurement coordinate system, generate the measurement coordinate system of each workstation according to the fixed mechanical offset value corresponding to each workstation, and complete the full-size measurement of the flange parts 40 at each workstation in sequence, and deduct the clamping micro deformation amount from the measurement results, and output the true size and geometric tolerance of the flange parts 40 under stress-free state.

[0051] The inspection method for flange parts provided in this application first fixes the clamping fixture on the coordinate measuring machine table, selects one of the clamping units as the reference station, and collects the relevant coordinate data of the center of the positioning part 23, the horizontal support surface 21 and the vertical limiting surface 22 of the reference station through the coordinate measuring machine, thereby establishing a reference measurement coordinate system as a unified coordinate reference for the inspection of the entire fixture.

[0052] Subsequently, the fixed mechanical offset values ​​of each of the remaining workstations relative to the reference workstation are measured and stored. Under the premise that the tooling assembly status is stable, the offset values ​​can be repeatedly used in the same batch of inspections without the need for recalibration before each inspection.

[0053] After establishing the benchmark, proceed to the next step. The first flange part 40 to be tested is placed in the benchmark station. First, the flange part 40 is kept in a free and unclamped state. Based on the benchmark measurement coordinate system, the free state coordinate data of several measuring points on the flange part 40 are collected to reflect the original shape of the part without external force. Then, the elastic clamping component 30 is adjusted to the rated clamping force so that the clamping component 31 cooperates with the vertical limiting surface 22 to clamp the flange part 40. The clamping state coordinate data is collected at the same measuring point position. By comparing the coordinate difference between the free state and the clamping state, the clamping micro-deformation of the flange part 40 of this specification under the rated clamping force is calculated and stored as the basis for subsequent test data correction.

[0054] Finally, the same specification flange parts 40 are installed at all workstations and elastically clamped by the elastic clamping assembly 30. During the inspection, the reference measurement coordinate system is used as the basis, and the measurement coordinate system of each workstation is generated according to the fixed mechanical offset value corresponding to each workstation. There is no need to perform alignment operation for each piece and each workstation. The full-size measurement of the flange parts 40 at each workstation is completed in sequence. Finally, all measurement results are uniformly deducted from the pre-calibrated clamping micro deformation amount, and the true size and geometric tolerance of the flange parts 40 under stress-free state are output.

[0055] This approach simplifies the coordinate system setup process for batch inspection by pre-calibrating the station offset, reducing the auxiliary operation time for single-piece inspection. At the same time, by obtaining the clamping deformation amount through the first piece dual-state calibration and correcting the data, the impact of the micro-deformation of the parts caused by elastic clamping on the inspection results can be reduced. While improving the efficiency of batch inspection, it can also ensure the accuracy of the inspection results, and is suitable for the high-precision batch inspection requirements of flange parts in multi-station clamping mode.

[0056] Please see Figures 1 to 6 As a specific implementation of the inspection method for flange parts provided in this application, the second step of the inspection method is refined and optimized. Through the design of quantified clamping force control, independent pre-tightening in different directions, and reuse of first-piece calibration, the controllability of clamping parameters and the operational efficiency of batch inspection are improved. In actual operation, the rated clamping force is adjusted based on the number of compression turns of the elastic element 32. The operator can adjust and lock the clamping force by controlling the number of compression turns of each elastic element 32, without the need for additional force measuring fixtures. The clamping parameter settings can be completed intuitively and quantitatively, resulting in good operational convenience. For the vertical elastic element 32 and longitudinal elastic element 32 within the same elastic clamping assembly 30, they are adjusted independently to their respective preset pre-tightening values. The longitudinal elastic element 32 provides lateral clamping constraint force, while the vertical elastic element 32 provides end-face vertical pre-tightening constraint force. Independent adjustment of these two elements allows for matching pre-tightening parameters according to the wall thickness, material, and structural characteristics of the flange parts, adapting to different clamping force requirements.

[0057] For flange parts 40 of the same specification and batch, only the first piece is subjected to a complete dual-state deformation calibration process. The remaining workpieces do not need to repeat the comparison measurement between the free state and the clamping state. The clamping micro deformation amount obtained from the calibration of the first piece can be directly reused for error compensation. This can reduce the operation steps of repeated calibration and improve the efficiency of batch inspection while ensuring the accuracy of compensation.

[0058] In this method, the clamping micro-deformation specifically includes two types of deformation data. One type is the radial shrinkage deformation of flange-type parts 40 caused by longitudinal clamping force, which can be used to correct the measurement results of radial dimensions such as inner hole and outer circle. The other type is the axial deformation of the end face caused by vertical preload, which can be used to correct the measurement results of axial form and position tolerances such as end face flatness and parallelism. The clearly categorized deformation can form a corresponding relationship with different types of measurement parameters, making data compensation more targeted and helping to improve the accuracy of the final test results.

[0059] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts, characterized in that, It includes a base plate and at least one clamping unit; the clamping unit includes a support and positioning component and an elastic clamping component; The support and positioning assembly is vertically disposed on the base plate and has a horizontal support surface and a vertical limiting surface; the horizontal support surface is used to support the lower end face of the flange-like part, and the vertical limiting surface is used to fit against the side wall of the flange-like part; the support and positioning assembly is also provided with a positioning part located on the vertical limiting surface, the positioning part protruding towards the reference hole of the flange-like part and used to insert and cooperate with the reference hole of the flange-like part to position the flange-like part radially and circumferentially. The elastic clamping assembly is arranged correspondingly to the supporting and positioning assembly, and includes a clamping member and two elastic members; the clamping member is movably connected to the horizontal supporting surface and is spaced apart from the vertical limiting surface; the flange-like part is installed between the clamping member and the vertical limiting surface; the two elastic members are arranged vertically and longitudinally respectively, and are both connected to the clamping member, and apply force to the clamping member so that the clamping member and the vertical limiting surface elastically clamp and fix the flange-like part.

2. The clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support and positioning assembly includes a column and a support. The column is vertically fixed to the base plate, and the support is assembled on the column. The horizontal support surface and the vertical limiting surface are both formed on the support.

3. The clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A reinforcing rib is also provided between the column and the base plate.

4. The clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The support is an L-shaped plate, and the horizontal supporting surface and the vertical limiting surface are arranged perpendicularly on the L-shaped plate.

5. The clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning part is a detachable positioning pin, which is assembled on the vertical limiting surface.

6. The clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element is a spring. The elastic clamping assembly further includes a connecting rod, a first spring seat fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod, and a second spring seat slidably connected to the connecting rod. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod and located between the first spring seat and the second spring seat. The supporting and positioning assembly has two through holes, and the pressing member has two connecting holes. The second spring seat abuts against the supporting and positioning assembly, and the connecting rod slides through the corresponding through hole and is fixedly connected to the connecting hole.

7. The clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The through hole located on the horizontal support surface is an elongated adjustment hole, and the length direction of the elongated adjustment hole is perpendicular to the vertical limiting surface; the vertically arranged connecting rod passes through the elongated adjustment hole and connects to the pressure member.

8. The clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The holding member is a long strip plate, and there are multiple clamping units, which are arranged at intervals along the length of the long strip plate.

9. A testing method for flange-type parts, characterized in that, The clamping fixture for inspecting flange-type parts as described in any one of claims 1-8 includes: S1: Fix the clamping fixture to the coordinate measuring machine table, select one of the clamping units as the reference station, and establish a reference measurement coordinate system by measuring the center of the positioning part, the horizontal support surface and the vertical limiting surface of the reference station; measure and record the fixed mechanical offset values ​​of the other stations relative to the reference station in sequence. S2: The first flange-like part to be tested is loaded into the reference station, and the flange-like part is kept in a free and unclamped state. Based on the reference measurement coordinate system, the free state coordinate data of several measuring points on the flange-like part is collected; the elastic clamping assembly is adjusted to the rated clamping force so that the clamping member cooperates with the vertical limiting surface to clamp the flange-like part, and the clamping state coordinate data is collected for the same measuring points; the clamping micro-deformation of the flange-like part is calculated and stored by the coordinate difference between the free state and the clamping state. S3: Install the same specification flange parts to be measured at all stations and complete the elastic clamping; based on the reference measurement coordinate system, generate the measurement coordinate system of each station according to the fixed mechanical offset value corresponding to each station, complete the full-size measurement of the flange parts at each station in sequence, and deduct the clamping micro deformation amount from the measurement results to output the true size and geometric tolerance of the flange parts under stress-free state.

10. The inspection method for flange-type parts as described in claim 9, characterized in that, In S2, the rated clamping force is adjusted and controlled by controlling the number of compression rings of each elastic element. The vertical elastic element and the longitudinal elastic element in the same elastic clamping assembly are independently adjusted to the corresponding preset preload. Flange parts of the same specification and batch are subjected to a first-piece dual-state deformation calibration. The remaining workpieces directly reuse the clamping micro-deformation amount for error compensation. The clamping micro-deformation amount includes the radial shrinkage deformation amount generated by the longitudinal clamping force and the axial deformation amount of the end face generated by the vertical preload.

Images