Intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal tool bit steering and operation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of screwdrivers, in particular to an intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360-degree universal bit steering and a working method thereof.The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver comprises a handle, a reversing joint, a bit shell, a bit body, a servo driving assembly, a camera and a controller, the handle front end is provided with a mounting protrusion, the reversing joint and the bit shell are arranged, a cross shaft type universal reversing structure is adopted, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are perpendicular to each other, the second rotating shaft penetrates through the first rotating shaft, the bit shell can be adjusted at 360 degrees in any direction relative to the handle, the first locking assembly and the second locking assembly are matched, the reversing joint and the mounting protrusion are locked relative to each other after being adjusted to a target angle, the bit shell and the reversing joint are locked relative to each other, the bit body can be flexibly deflected and aligned with the screw axis in a non-linear space, the operation blind area under complex working conditions is effectively eliminated, and the assembly efficiency and the working quality are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of screwdriver technology, and in particular to an intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] As modern manufacturing rapidly advances towards precision and miniaturization, the application scenarios for screwdrivers are becoming increasingly complex, extending from standard workstations in traditional open spaces to confined spaces such as internal gaps in equipment, areas with intersecting pipelines, and deep cavities. Simultaneously, the specifications of screws to be tightened are becoming increasingly miniaturized. In fields such as 3C electronics, precision instruments, and medical devices, micro-screws ranging from M1.4 to M2.5 have become mainstream. These screws require extremely high precision in controlling the tightening torque; even a slight deviation in torque can lead to stripping, chipping, or connection failure.

[0003] Traditional screwdrivers use a linear layout where the blade tip is axially fixed to the machine body. When the work area is in non-linearly accessible spaces such as internal gaps, areas with intersecting pipes, or deep cavity sidewalls, the blade tip cannot be angled to align with the screw axis, resulting in numerous blind spots. Operators often need to repeatedly adjust the machine's posture, disassemble surrounding parts, or use temporarily modified non-standard tools to complete the task. This not only significantly reduces assembly line efficiency but also increases the risk of workpiece damage and safety hazards, severely restricting assembly efficiency and quality under complex working conditions.

[0004] In summary, existing screwdrivers have drawbacks in actual use. Due to the fixed angle between the screwdriver tip and the machine body, the tip cannot be deflected to align with the screw axis in non-linear spaces such as gaps inside the equipment and dead corners of pipelines. This results in a large number of blind spots in operation, which seriously restricts the assembly efficiency and quality under complex working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver and its operation method based on a 360° universal head rotation, which solves the problem that existing screwdrivers cannot deflect the head to align with the screw axis in non-linear spaces such as gaps inside the equipment and dead corners of pipelines due to the fixed angle between the head and the machine body, resulting in a large number of blind spots and seriously restricting the assembly efficiency and quality under complex working conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation. The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver includes a handle, a reversing joint, a head housing, a head body, a servo drive assembly, a camera, and a controller. A mounting protrusion is fixedly provided at the front end of the handle. The tail end of the reversing joint is rotatably mounted on the front end of the mounting protrusion via a first rotating shaft. The tail end of the head housing is rotatably connected to the front end of the reversing joint via a second rotating shaft. The head body is detachably mounted on the top of the head housing. The servo drive assembly is located inside the head housing and is used to drive the head body to rotate. The controller is located inside the handle and is used to control the operation of the servo drive assembly. The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are perpendicular to each other, and the second rotating shaft passes through the first rotating shaft, forming a cross-shaped universal reversing structure; A first locking assembly is provided between the reversing joint and the mounting protrusion, which is used to lock the reversing joint and the mounting protrusion relative to each other after the reversing joint rotates around the first rotating shaft to a target angle; a second locking assembly is provided between the reversing joint and the cutter head housing, which is used to lock the cutter head housing and the reversing joint relative to each other after the cutter head housing rotates around the second rotating shaft to a target angle. The camera is located at the front end of the cutter head housing and is electrically connected to the controller for acquiring real-time images of the working position.

[0007] Wherein, the first locking component is a tensioning sleeve disposed between the first rotating shaft and the shaft hole of the mounting protrusion; The second locking assembly includes a limiting block and a locking nut. The limiting block is fixedly provided at one end of the second rotating shaft, and the locking nut is provided at the other end of the second rotating shaft.

[0008] The second rotating shaft has shoulders at both ends, and the shoulders are adapted to the shaft hole at the tail end of the cutter head housing.

[0009] The first and second rotating shafts each have a through-hole in the middle, through which the wires connecting the servo drive assembly, the camera, and the controller pass to achieve electrical connection.

[0010] The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation also includes a sensing and detection component, which includes a torque sensor, a speed sensor, and a temperature sensor. The torque sensor is installed at the output end of the servo drive component, the speed sensor is installed at the servo motor shaft of the servo drive component, and the temperature sensor is installed inside the head housing. The torque sensor, the speed sensor, and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0011] The controller includes a closed-loop control system comprising a real-time torque acquisition unit, a real-time speed acquisition unit, a dynamic correction unit, a temperature compensation unit, and an anti-interference processing unit. The input of the real-time torque acquisition unit is electrically connected to the output of the torque sensor, and the input of the real-time speed acquisition unit is electrically connected to the output of the speed sensor. The outputs of the real-time torque acquisition unit and the real-time speed acquisition unit are respectively electrically connected to the input of the dynamic correction unit. The output of the dynamic correction unit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the servo drive component, and is used to dynamically correct the output torque of the servo drive component using a PID control algorithm based on the real-time acquired torque and speed data. The input terminal of the temperature compensation unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature sensor, and the output terminal of the temperature compensation unit is electrically connected to the compensation input terminal of the dynamic correction unit. It is used to correct the output value of the dynamic correction unit in real time according to the temperature data detected by the temperature sensor and a preset temperature-torque compensation curve. The anti-interference processing unit is electrically connected to the real-time torque acquisition unit, the real-time speed acquisition unit, and the temperature compensation unit, respectively. The anti-interference processing unit has built-in electromagnetic shielding and filtering circuits to suppress external electromagnetic interference from affecting the acquired and transmitted signals.

[0012] The controller also integrates an intelligent management module, which includes a data storage unit, a data analysis unit, and a communication unit. The input terminal of the data storage unit is electrically connected to the output terminals of the real-time torque acquisition unit, the real-time speed acquisition unit, the temperature compensation unit, and the camera, respectively, for recording torque data, speed data, temperature data, operation time, and image data acquired by the camera for each operation. The input end of the data analysis unit is electrically connected to the output end of the data storage unit, and is used to perform real-time analysis of the operation data, determine whether the screws are tightened properly, whether there is stripping or floating lock abnormality, and output the judgment result. The input terminal of the communication unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the data storage unit and the output terminal of the data analysis unit, respectively, and supports Bluetooth, Wi-Fi or USB communication methods for data interaction with external terminals or MES systems.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for operating a screwdriver based on a 360° universal head rotation intelligent servo closed-loop control, applicable to the aforementioned screwdriver based on a 360° universal head rotation intelligent servo closed-loop control, comprising the following steps: When the screwdriver is started, the controller performs a self-test, reads the temperature sensor data, loads the corresponding temperature compensation parameters, and starts the camera; Adjust the reversing joint to rotate around the first rotating shaft, and adjust the cutter head housing to rotate around the second rotating shaft, so that the cutter head body is adjusted to the target angle. The first locking component and the second locking component lock the reversing joint and the cutter head housing at the target angle respectively. The real-time images captured by the camera are used to assist in alignment, so that the cutter head body is aligned with the screw to be tightened; Set the target torque, target speed, and angle threshold process parameters; The servo drive component is started, and the closed-loop control system collects torque data and speed data in real time, dynamically corrects the output torque of the servo drive component, and stops when the target torque is reached or the preset tightening condition is met. Record the data of this operation, compare it with the preset threshold, and output the qualified or abnormal judgment result; The communication unit uploads the work data to an external device.

[0014] This invention discloses an intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver and its operating method based on 360° universal head rotation. The screwdriver includes a handle, a reversing joint, a head housing, a head body, a servo drive assembly, a camera, and a controller. By setting the mounting protrusion at the front end of the handle, the reversing joint, and the head housing, and employing a cross-axis universal reversing structure where the first and second rotating shafts intersect perpendicularly and the second rotating shaft passes through the first rotating shaft, the head housing can be adjusted 360° in any direction relative to the handle. Simultaneously, the first and second locking assemblies, after adjustment to the target angle, lock the reversing joint relative to the mounting protrusion and the head housing relative to the reversing joint, respectively. This ensures that the head body maintains a stable operating posture at any deflection angle, allowing the head body to flexibly deflect and align with the screw axis in non-linear space. This effectively eliminates blind spots in complex working conditions such as internal gaps and pipeline dead angles, significantly improving assembly efficiency and work quality. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal tool head rotation provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This invention provides Figure 1 A magnified view of the local structure at point A.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the commutator provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating the operating principle of the intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal tool head rotation provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the operating method for an intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal tool head rotation, as provided by the present invention.

[0021] 101-Handle, 102-Reversing Knuckle, 103-Cutter Head Housing, 104-Cutter Head Body, 105-Servo Drive Component, 106-Camera, 107-Controller, 108-Mounting Protrusion, 109-First Rotating Shaft, 110-Second Rotating Shaft, 111-Tightening Sleeve, 112-Limit Block, 113-Locking Nut, 114-Threaded Part, 115-Shoulder, 116-Wiring Hole, 117-Torque Sensor, 118-Speed ​​Sensor, 119-Temperature Sensor, 120-Closed-Loop Control System, 121-Real-Time Torque Acquisition Unit, 122-Real-Time Speed ​​Acquisition Unit, 123-Dynamic Correction Unit, 124-Temperature Compensation Unit, 125-Anti-Interference Processing Unit, 126-Intelligent Management Module, 127-Data Storage Unit, 128-Data Analysis Unit, 129-Communication Unit. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This invention provides an intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation. The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation includes a handle 101, a reversing joint 102, a head housing 103, a head body 104, a servo drive assembly 105, a camera 106, and a controller 107. The front end of the handle 101 is fixedly provided with a mounting protrusion 108. The tail end of the reversing joint 102 is rotatably disposed at the front end of the mounting protrusion 108 via a first rotating shaft 109. The tail end of the head housing 103 is rotatably connected to the front end of the reversing joint 102 via a second rotating shaft 110. The head body 104 is detachably mounted on the top end of the head housing 103. The servo drive assembly 105 is disposed inside the head housing 103 and is used to drive the head body 104 to rotate. The controller 107 is disposed inside the handle 101 and is used to control the operation of the servo drive assembly 105. The first rotating shaft 109 and the second rotating shaft 110 are perpendicular to each other, and the second rotating shaft 110 passes through the first rotating shaft 109, forming a cross-shaped universal reversing structure; A first locking assembly is provided between the reversing joint 102 and the mounting protrusion 108, for locking the reversing joint 102 relative to the mounting protrusion 108 after the reversing joint 102 rotates around the first rotating shaft 109 to a target angle; a second locking assembly is provided between the reversing joint 102 and the cutter head housing 103, for locking the cutter head housing 103 relative to the reversing joint 102 after the cutter head housing 103 rotates around the second rotating shaft 110 to a target angle; The camera 106 is located at the front end of the cutter head housing 103 and is electrically connected to the controller 107 for acquiring real-time images of the working position.

[0024] In this embodiment, by setting the mounting protrusion 108, the reversing joint 102, and the cutter head housing 103 at the front end of the handle 101, and adopting a cross-shaped universal reversing structure in which the first rotating shaft 109 and the second rotating shaft 110 intersect perpendicularly and the second rotating shaft 110 passes through the first rotating shaft 109, the cutter head housing 103 can be adjusted 360° in any direction relative to the handle 101. At the same time, in conjunction with the first locking component and the second locking component, after adjustment to the target angle, the reversing joint 102 is locked relative to the mounting protrusion 108, and the cutter head housing 103 is locked relative to the reversing joint 102, respectively. This ensures that the cutter head body 104 can maintain a stable working posture at any deflection angle, thereby enabling the cutter head body 104 to flexibly deflect and align with the screw axis in non-linear space. This effectively eliminates blind spots in complex working conditions such as internal gaps of equipment and dead angles of pipelines, significantly improving assembly efficiency and work quality.

[0025] Furthermore, the first locking component is a tensioning sleeve 111 disposed between the first rotating shaft 109 and the shaft hole of the mounting protrusion 108; The second locking assembly includes a limiting block 112 and a locking nut 113. The limiting block 112 is fixedly provided at one end of the second rotating shaft 110, and a threaded portion 114 is provided at the other end of the second rotating shaft 110. The locking nut 113 is provided at the threaded portion 114.

[0026] In this embodiment, the tensioning force of the tensioning sleeve 111 achieves frictional locking between the first rotating shaft 109 and the mounting protrusion 108. At the same time, by tightening the locking nut 113, the limiting block 112 is pressed against the shaft hole end face of the cutter head housing 103, thereby achieving frictional locking between the second rotating shaft 110 and the cutter head housing 103. This ensures reliable fixation after the cutter head body 104 is adjusted to the target angle, preventing angle deviation due to vibration or force during operation and ensuring the stability and consistency of the tightening operation.

[0027] Furthermore, both ends of the second rotating shaft 110 are provided with shoulders 115, which are adapted to the shaft hole at the tail end of the cutter head housing 103.

[0028] In this embodiment, the axial positioning of the second rotating shaft 110 is achieved by the cooperation between the shoulder 115 and the shaft hole, preventing the second rotating shaft 110 from axially moving during rotation or locking, and ensuring the connection stability and angle adjustment accuracy between the reversing joint 102 and the cutter head housing 103.

[0029] Furthermore, both the first rotating shaft 109 and the second rotating shaft 110 have through wiring holes 116 in their middle sections, and the wires between the servo drive assembly 105 and the camera 106 and the controller 107 are electrically connected by passing through the wiring holes 116.

[0030] In this embodiment, by providing the wiring hole 116 through the middle of the first rotating shaft 109 and the second rotating shaft 110, the wire passes through the inside of the screwdriver, avoiding the wire being exposed outside the universal reversing structure. This prevents the wire from interfering, wearing or snagging during angle adjustment and operation in confined spaces, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0031] Furthermore, the intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation also includes a sensing and detection component, which includes a torque sensor 117, a speed sensor 118, and a temperature sensor 119. The torque sensor 117 is installed at the output end of the servo drive component 105, the speed sensor 118 is installed at the servo motor shaft of the servo drive component 105, and the temperature sensor 119 is installed inside the head housing 103. The torque sensor 117, the speed sensor 118, and the temperature sensor 119 are all electrically connected to the controller 107.

[0032] In this embodiment, the torque sensor 117, the speed sensor 118, and the temperature sensor 119 respectively collect torque, speed, and temperature signals in real time and transmit them to the controller 107, enabling the controller 107 to monitor the working status of the screwdriver in real time and provide a precise data basis for closed-loop control.

[0033] Furthermore, the controller 107 is equipped with a closed-loop control system 120, which includes a real-time torque acquisition unit 121, a real-time speed acquisition unit 122, a dynamic correction unit 123, a temperature compensation unit 124, and an anti-interference processing unit 125. The input terminal of the real-time torque acquisition unit 121 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the torque sensor 117, and the input terminal of the real-time speed acquisition unit 122 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the speed sensor 118. The output terminals of the real-time torque acquisition unit 121 and the real-time speed acquisition unit 122 are respectively electrically connected to the input terminal of the dynamic correction unit 123. The output terminal of the dynamic correction unit 123 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the servo drive component 105, and is used to dynamically correct the output torque of the servo drive component 105 based on the real-time acquired torque data and speed data using a PID control algorithm. The input terminal of the temperature compensation unit 124 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature sensor 119, and the output terminal of the temperature compensation unit 124 is electrically connected to the compensation input terminal of the dynamic correction unit 123. It is used to correct the output value of the dynamic correction unit 123 in real time according to the temperature data detected by the temperature sensor 119 and a preset temperature-torque compensation curve. The anti-interference processing unit 125 is electrically connected to the torque real-time acquisition unit 121, the speed real-time acquisition unit 122, and the temperature compensation unit 124, respectively. The anti-interference processing unit 125 has built-in electromagnetic shielding and filtering circuits to suppress external electromagnetic interference from affecting the acquired and transmitted signals.

[0034] In this embodiment, the real-time torque acquisition unit 121 and the real-time speed acquisition unit 122 acquire torque signals and speed signals in real time, respectively, and transmit them to the dynamic correction unit 123. The dynamic correction unit 123 uses a PID control algorithm to dynamically adjust the output torque of the servo drive component 105. At the same time, the temperature compensation unit 124 corrects the output value of the dynamic correction unit 123 in real time according to the temperature data to eliminate the influence of temperature drift on torque accuracy. The anti-interference processing unit 125 filters and shields the acquired and transmitted signals to ensure the stability and control accuracy of signal transmission in complex electromagnetic environments, thereby achieving torque control accuracy within ±1%.

[0035] Furthermore, the controller 107 also integrates an intelligent management module 126, which includes a data storage unit 127, a data analysis unit 128, and a communication unit 129. The input terminal of the data storage unit 127 is electrically connected to the output terminals of the real-time torque acquisition unit 121, the real-time speed acquisition unit 122, the temperature compensation unit 124, and the camera 106, respectively, for recording torque data, speed data, temperature data, operation time, and image data acquired by the camera 106 for each operation. The input terminal of the data analysis unit 128 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the data storage unit 127, and is used to perform real-time analysis of the operation data, determine whether the screw is tightened properly, whether there is stripped thread or floating lock abnormality, and output the judgment result. The input terminal of the communication unit 129 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the data storage unit 127 and the output terminal of the data analysis unit 128, respectively, and supports Bluetooth, Wi-Fi or USB communication methods for data interaction with external terminals or MES systems.

[0036] In this embodiment, the data storage unit 127 records the torque, speed, temperature, time and image data of each operation in a complete manner. The data analysis unit 128 performs real-time analysis on the operation data to determine whether the tightening quality is qualified. The communication unit 129 uploads the stored data and analysis results to an external terminal or MES system, realizing full-process traceability of operation data and meeting the compliance requirements of industrial manufacturing for quality traceability and process management.

[0037] Please see Figure 5 The present invention also provides a method for operating a screwdriver based on a 360° universal head rotation intelligent servo closed-loop control, applied to the aforementioned screwdriver based on a 360° universal head rotation intelligent servo closed-loop control, comprising the following steps: S1: Start the screwdriver, the controller 107 performs a self-test, reads the data from the temperature sensor 119, loads the corresponding temperature compensation parameters, and starts the camera 106; S2: Adjust the reversing joint 102 to rotate around the first rotating shaft 109, and adjust the cutter head housing 103 to rotate around the second rotating shaft 110, so as to adjust the cutter head body 104 to the target angle. The first locking component and the second locking component lock the reversing joint 102 and the cutter head housing 103 at the target angle respectively. S3: The real-time image captured by the camera 106 is used to assist in alignment, so that the cutter head body 104 is aligned with the screw to be tightened; S4: Set the target torque, target speed, and angle threshold process parameters; S5: Start the servo drive component 105. The closed-loop control system 120 collects torque data and speed data in real time and dynamically corrects the output torque of the servo drive component 105 until the target torque is reached or the preset tightening condition is met and then stops. S6: Record the data for this operation, compare it with the preset threshold, and output the qualified or abnormal judgment result. S7: Upload the operation data to an external device through the communication unit 129.

[0038] In this embodiment, a cross-axis universal reversing structure enables 360° omnidirectional angle adjustment and locking of the cutter head body 104 in any direction, allowing the cutter head body 104 to flexibly deflect and align with the screw axis in non-linear space, effectively eliminating blind spots in complex working conditions such as internal gaps and pipeline dead angles. The camera 106 collects real-time images of the work position to assist alignment, enabling the operator to accurately position the screw even when visibility is obstructed, avoiding screw misalignment or workpiece damage due to alignment deviations. The closed-loop control system 120 collects torque and speed data in real-time and dynamically corrects the output torque, improving torque control accuracy to within ±1%, effectively preventing stripping and chipping of threads when tightening small screws. Data storage, analysis, and uploading to external devices enable full-process traceability of work data, meeting the compliance requirements of industrial manufacturing for quality traceability and process management.

[0039] The above description discloses only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A smart servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation, characterized in that, The device includes a handle, a reversing joint, a cutter head housing, a cutter head body, a servo drive assembly, a camera, and a controller. The front end of the handle is fixedly provided with a mounting protrusion. The rear end of the reversing joint is rotatably mounted on the front end of the mounting protrusion via a first rotating shaft. The rear end of the cutter head housing is rotatably connected to the front end of the reversing joint via a second rotating shaft. The cutter head body is detachably mounted on the top end of the cutter head housing. The servo drive assembly is located inside the cutter head housing and is used to drive the cutter head body to rotate. The controller is located inside the handle and is used to control the operation of the servo drive assembly. The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are perpendicular to each other, and the second rotating shaft passes through the first rotating shaft, forming a cross-shaped universal reversing structure; A first locking assembly is provided between the reversing joint and the mounting protrusion, which is used to lock the reversing joint and the mounting protrusion relative to each other after the reversing joint rotates around the first rotating shaft to a target angle; a second locking assembly is provided between the reversing joint and the cutter head housing, which is used to lock the cutter head housing and the reversing joint relative to each other after the cutter head housing rotates around the second rotating shaft to a target angle. The camera is located at the front end of the cutter head housing and is electrically connected to the controller for acquiring real-time images of the working position.

2. The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first locking component is a tensioning sleeve disposed between the first rotating shaft and the shaft hole of the mounting protrusion; The second locking assembly includes a limiting block and a locking nut. The limiting block is fixedly provided at one end of the second rotating shaft, and the locking nut is provided at the other end of the second rotating shaft.

3. The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The second rotating shaft has shoulders at both ends, and the shoulders are adapted to the shaft holes at the tail end of the cutter head housing.

4. The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first and second rotating shafts have through-holes in their middle sections, through which the servo drive assembly and the wires connecting the camera and the controller pass to achieve electrical connection.

5. The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation also includes a sensing and detection component, which includes a torque sensor, a speed sensor, and a temperature sensor. The torque sensor is installed at the output end of the servo drive component, the speed sensor is installed at the servo motor shaft of the servo drive component, and the temperature sensor is installed inside the head housing. The torque sensor, the speed sensor, and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected to the controller.

6. The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The controller is equipped with a closed-loop control system, which includes a real-time torque acquisition unit, a real-time speed acquisition unit, a dynamic correction unit, a temperature compensation unit, and an anti-interference processing unit. The input terminal of the real-time torque acquisition unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the torque sensor, the input terminal of the real-time speed acquisition unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the speed sensor, the output terminals of the real-time torque acquisition unit and the real-time speed acquisition unit are respectively electrically connected to the input terminal of the dynamic correction unit, and the output terminal of the dynamic correction unit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the servo drive component. It is used to dynamically correct the output torque of the servo drive component using a PID control algorithm based on the real-time acquired torque and speed data. The input terminal of the temperature compensation unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature sensor, and the output terminal of the temperature compensation unit is electrically connected to the compensation input terminal of the dynamic correction unit. It is used to correct the output value of the dynamic correction unit in real time according to the temperature data detected by the temperature sensor and a preset temperature-torque compensation curve. The anti-interference processing unit is electrically connected to the real-time torque acquisition unit, the real-time speed acquisition unit, and the temperature compensation unit, respectively. The anti-interference processing unit has built-in electromagnetic shielding and filtering circuits to suppress external electromagnetic interference from affecting the acquired and transmitted signals.

7. The intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The controller also integrates an intelligent management module, which includes a data storage unit, a data analysis unit, and a communication unit. The input terminal of the data storage unit is electrically connected to the output terminals of the real-time torque acquisition unit, the real-time speed acquisition unit, the temperature compensation unit, and the camera, respectively, for recording torque data, speed data, temperature data, operation time, and image data acquired by the camera for each operation. The input end of the data analysis unit is electrically connected to the output end of the data storage unit, and is used to perform real-time analysis of the operation data, determine whether the screws are tightened properly, whether there is stripping or floating lock abnormality, and output the judgment result. The input terminal of the communication unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the data storage unit and the output terminal of the data analysis unit, respectively, and supports Bluetooth, Wi-Fi or USB communication methods for data interaction with external terminals or MES systems.

8. A method for operating a screwdriver based on intelligent servo closed-loop control with 360° universal head rotation, applied to the intelligent servo closed-loop control screwdriver based on 360° universal head rotation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When the screwdriver is started, the controller performs a self-test, reads the temperature sensor data, loads the corresponding temperature compensation parameters, and starts the camera; Adjust the reversing joint to rotate around the first rotating shaft, and adjust the cutter head housing to rotate around the second rotating shaft, so that the cutter head body is adjusted to the target angle. The first locking component and the second locking component lock the reversing joint and the cutter head housing at the target angle respectively. The real-time images captured by the camera are used to assist in alignment, so that the cutter head body is aligned with the screw to be tightened; Set the target torque, target speed, and angle threshold process parameters; The servo drive component is started, and the closed-loop control system collects torque data and speed data in real time, dynamically corrects the output torque of the servo drive component, and stops when the target torque is reached or the preset tightening condition is met. Record the data of this operation, compare it with the preset threshold, and output the qualified or abnormal judgment result; The communication unit uploads the work data to an external device.

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