Alloy tool and process for producing the same

Abstract

The application provides an alloy cutter and a production process thereof, the alloy cutter comprising a cutter body and a cutter head piece, the cutter head piece comprising a fixedly connected connecting piece and an alloy plate; the cutter body, the connecting piece and the alloy plate are made of weldable metal materials, and the unit prices of the connecting piece and the cutter body are both lower than the unit price of the alloy plate; the connecting piece can form a welded connection with the cutter body and the alloy plate respectively. The application sets the connecting piece as a transition welded base material between the alloy plate and the cutter body, so that the alloy plate is only used as a cutting working layer, and the welding area is ensured without increasing the width or thickness of the alloy plate. Since the unit prices of the connecting piece and the cutter body are significantly lower than that of the alloy plate, part of the high-cost alloy plate material is replaced by the low-cost connecting piece under the premise of ensuring the cutting performance, so that the overall material cost of the cutter is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting tool technology, specifically to an alloy cutting tool and its manufacturing process. Background Technology

[0002] Carbide cutting tools are widely used in woodworking cutting operations due to their high hardness and excellent wear resistance. Traditional carbide cutting tools typically employ an alloy structure, meaning the tool body and cutting parts are integrally formed or welded from alloy materials (such as cemented carbide). However, this approach still has the following drawbacks: due to the significant difference in thermal expansion coefficients between cemented carbide and steel, sufficient welding area needs to be provided on the steel substrate to distribute welding stress and cutting force; otherwise, the tool tip is prone to detachment. Furthermore, for tools of the same size, it is impossible to minimize the amount of alloy sheet used to ensure sufficient welding area and strength. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to propose an alloy cutting tool and its manufacturing process to solve the problems mentioned in the background section above.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An alloy cutting tool includes a cutting body and a cutting tip, wherein the cutting tip includes a connector and an alloy plate that are fixedly connected; the cutting body, the connector, and the alloy plate are made of weldable metal, and the unit price of the connector and the cutting body is lower than the unit price of the alloy plate; the connector can be welded to the cutting body and the alloy plate respectively.

[0005] Furthermore, the projected width of the alloy plate in the cutting direction is greater than the width of the tool body.

[0006] Furthermore, the connection between the connector and the alloy plate is provided with a connecting weld, and the cutter head is provided with an oblique notch that runs through the connector and the alloy plate. The intersection of the connecting weld and the oblique notch intersects with the side line of the cutter body.

[0007] Furthermore, the blade body includes a main body and a plurality of mounting portions arranged in a circumferential array along the outer periphery of the main body, and the mounting portions are provided with opening slots.

[0008] Furthermore, the opening groove penetrates the mounting portion and extends to the outer peripheral surface of the body portion.

[0009] Furthermore, the mounting portion has a recess extending along the width direction of the alloy plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the blade body and connecting parts are made of carbon steel or stainless steel with a carbon content of less than or equal to 0.55%, and the alloy plate is made of alloy material with a tungsten carbide content of greater than or equal to 20%.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the connector is between 1.5mm and 8mm.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention provides a manufacturing process for alloy cutting tools, the manufacturing process comprising the following steps: S1. Select the raw materials for the connector, alloy plate, and blade; wherein the unit price of the connector and blade is lower than the unit price of the alloy plate, and the connector can be welded to the blade and the alloy plate respectively; S2. The outer contours of the blade body, connector and alloy plate are respectively machined. The blade body is machined to have a main body and a plurality of mounting parts arranged in a circumferential array along the outer periphery of the main body. The mounting parts are provided with opening slots and recesses. The connector is machined to have a corresponding oblique notch. The alloy plate is machined to have a cutting edge and a corresponding oblique notch. S3. Weld the blade body, connector and alloy plate together, wherein the connection between the connector and the alloy plate is provided with a connecting weld, and the intersection of the connecting weld and the oblique notch is with the side line of the blade body.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S3, a copper-based brazing filler metal is placed between the connector and the surface to be welded of the alloy plate, and a copper-based brazing filler metal is placed between the blade and the surface to be welded of the alloy plate. The copper-based brazing filler metal is heated to melt and fill the gap between the weld seams.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting a connector as a transition welding substrate between the alloy plate and the tool body, the alloy plate is used only as the cutting working layer, eliminating the need to increase the width or thickness of the alloy plate to ensure the welding area. Furthermore, since the unit price of both the connector and the tool body is lower than that of the alloy plate, a portion of the high-cost cemented carbide material is replaced with a low-cost connector while maintaining cutting performance, significantly reducing the overall material cost of the tool. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an alloy cutting tool according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the blade body of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the blade of the present invention.

[0018] The above figures include the following reference numerals: 1. Cutter body; 11. Main body; 12. Mounting part; 121. Opening groove; 122. Recessed part; 2. Cutter head; 21. Connecting part; 211. Positioning groove; 22. Alloy plate; 221. Cutting edge; 23. Connecting weld; 24. Angled notch; 25. Intersection point; 3. First weld; 4. Second weld. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0020] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an alloy cutting tool, including a cutting body 1 and a cutting tip 2 fixedly mounted on the cutting body 1.

[0021] Specifically, the cutter body 1 includes a main body portion 11 located in the central region and a plurality of mounting portions 12 arranged in a circumferential array along the outer periphery of the main body portion 11. The mounting portions 12 protrude outward and are used to mount the cutter head 2. The mounting portions 12 are evenly distributed along the circumference to ensure good dynamic balance of the cutter during rotary cutting.

[0022] The cutter head 2 includes a connector 21 and an alloy plate 22 that are fixedly connected. The connector 21 serves as a transition welding substrate, so that the alloy plate 22 is only set on the outside of the connector 21 as a cutting working layer, and the size and volume of the alloy plate 22 are greatly reduced. Taking a cutting tool with a length of 300 mm and a thickness of 3 mm as an example, in the prior art, to ensure the welding area, the width of the alloy plate 22 is assumed to be 10 mm. With the solution of this invention, since the connector 21 undertakes the welding connection and force transmission functions with the tool body 1, the alloy plate 22 only needs to ensure the width of the cutting edge. For example, the width of the alloy plate 22 is reduced from the required 10 mm to approximately 6 mm. Based on a cemented carbide density of approximately 14.5 g / cm³, the alloy usage per piece is approximately 130.5 grams. Assuming an alloy material with a tungsten carbide content of ≥20% and a market price of approximately 2000 yuan / kg, the alloy volume is reduced to approximately 5.4 cubic centimeters (300 mm × 6 mm × 3 mm), the alloy usage is reduced to approximately 78.3 grams, and the cost of alloy material per piece is reduced to approximately 157 yuan, resulting in a cost saving of approximately 104 yuan per piece, a reduction of approximately 40%. For production lines producing thousands or even tens of thousands of cutting tools annually, the annual material cost savings can reach hundreds of thousands or even millions of yuan, demonstrating significant economic benefits. Of course, the alloy plate 22 can be shortened to as little as 2 mm, mainly due to the shape of the blade 221.

[0023] A connecting weld 23 is formed between the mating surfaces of the connector 21 and the alloy plate 22. The cutting edge 2 has an oblique notch 24 that penetrates both the connector 21 and the alloy plate 22. The intersection point 25 of the connecting weld 23 and the oblique notch 24 intersects with the side line of the cutter body 1. Since the position of the connecting weld 23 is uniquely determined by the mating surfaces of the connector 21 and the alloy plate 22, the inclination angle and penetration position of the oblique notch 24 relative to the connecting weld 23 are fixed geometric parameters. When the intersection point 25 is limited to the side line of the cutter body 1, the extension amount of the cutting edge 2 relative to the cutter body 1 in the cutting direction is uniquely determined. This achieves precise positioning of the cutting edge 2, ensuring that the extension amount of each cutting edge 2 relative to the cutter body 1 is consistent, and ensuring the cutting diameter and dynamic balance accuracy of the tool.

[0024] The projected width of the alloy plate 22 in the cutting direction is greater than the width of the tool body 1. Since the projected width of the alloy plate 22 in the cutting direction is greater than the width of the tool body 1, the axial sides of the tool body 1 do not need to be flush with the alloy plate 22. Therefore, the thickness direction plane of the tool body 1 does not need to be ground to be completely consistent with the alloy plate 22; it is only necessary to ensure that the wire-cut contour meets the positional accuracy of the mounting part 12 and the opening groove 121. Based on this, there is no need to perform a grinding process on the side end faces of the tool body 1, the connecting part 21, and the alloy plate 22, shortening the process flow and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0025] Each mounting portion 12 of the blade body 1 has at least one opening slot 121, which extends through the thickness of the mounting portion 12. When the blade tip 2 cuts wood, it generates heat, which is transferred to the blade body 1. Therefore, by setting the opening slot 121, the contact area between the blade body 1 and the external air can be increased, which is beneficial for the heat dissipation of cutting heat into the air, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the blade, and preventing the welding strength of the blade tip 2 or the alloy plate 22 from decreasing due to excessive temperature in the cutting area. At the same time, the setting of the opening slot 121 can change the airflow pattern on the blade surface, destroy the large-scale vortices that generate aerodynamic noise, reduce the air resistance when the blade rotates, and thus reduce wind noise.

[0026] Preferably, the opening groove 121 penetrates the mounting portion 12 and extends further to the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 11. That is, the opening groove 121 extends radially inward from the free end face of the mounting portion 12, passes through the interior of the mounting portion 12, and continues to the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 11. The end of the opening groove 121 penetrates the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 11, so that the opening groove 121 radially penetrates the mounting portion 12 and connects to the outside of the body portion 11. With this configuration, chips and waste generated during the cutting process can be smoothly discharged along the opening groove 121 under centrifugal force, preventing waste from accumulating at the junction of the mounting portion 12 and the body portion 11, reducing friction and temperature rise of waste in the cutting area, and thus extending the tool's service life.

[0027] The mounting part 12 has a recess 122 extending along the width direction of the alloy plate 21. The recess 122 is used to accommodate the welding torch and guide the welding path. When the alloy plate 22 is welded to the blade body 1, the welding path extends along the contour where the recess 122 intersects with the alloy plate 22.

[0028] The mounting part 12 is provided with a recess 122, which is arranged around the opening groove 121. The recess 122 is used to accommodate the welding torch and guide the welding path. When the connector 21 is welded to the blade body 1, the welding path extends along the contour of the recess 122.

[0029] The recess 122 provides a space for the weld pool. After welding, the weld metal fills the recess 122, so that the surface of the weld bead is not higher than the surface of the mounting part 12 of the blade body 1, thus avoiding the need for subsequent grinding and finishing process when the weld bead protrudes in the traditional overlay welding method.

[0030] The recessed portion 122 provides a longer welding trajectory compared to the circumferential path of the open slot 121. When welding the alloy plate 22 to the blade body 1, the welding torch moves along the contour where the recessed portion 122 connects to the blade body 1, increasing the total weld length between the alloy plate 22 and the blade body 1. With the weld strength per unit length remaining constant, the longer total weld length translates to a larger weld bonding area, thereby improving the connection strength and shear resistance between the alloy plate 22 and the blade body 1.

[0031] The alloy plate 22 is connected to the blade body 1 through the first weld 3, the connecting piece 21 is connected to the blade body 1 through the second weld 4, and the connecting piece 21 is connected to the alloy plate 22 through the connecting weld 23.

[0032] Specifically, due to the design of the recess 122, the contour where the recess 122 connects with the cutter body 1 is arc-shaped. This connecting contour is the first weld 3. Thus, the first weld 3 extends from the middle region of the mounting part 12 to the upper region. The second weld 4 in the middle and upper regions, through its longer path extending along the recess 122, disperses the bending moment and tensile stress generated during the cutting process to a larger range of the cutter head 2, avoiding stress concentration at a single weld interface. The two welds form multi-point constraints, effectively limiting the displacement and flipping of the alloy plate 22 relative to the cutter body 1, and improving the structural stability of the tool under heavy cutting conditions.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the alloy plate 21 has a cutting edge 211. The outline of the cutting edge 211 is determined by the outline of the wood product to be processed. The first weld 3 is arranged at equal intervals with the outline of the cutting edge 211 to ensure that the alloy plate 21 is subjected to uniform force during the cutting process, which improves the cutting stability, reduces the vibration and wobble caused by uneven force, and helps to improve the surface quality of the processed surface and the service life of the tool.

[0034] Furthermore, both the opening groove 121 and the recess 122 have the following beneficial effects: The opening groove 121 and the recess 122 can change the airflow pattern on the tool surface, disrupt the large-scale vortices that generate aerodynamic noise, and reduce air resistance during tool rotation, thereby reducing wind noise. The opening groove 121 and the recess 122 increase the contact area between the tool body 1 and the external air, which is beneficial for dissipating cutting heat into the air, improving the tool's heat dissipation efficiency, and preventing the cutting area from experiencing a decrease in welding strength of the tool tip 2 or thermal damage to the alloy plate 22 due to excessively high temperatures. Additionally, the opening groove 121 and the recess 122 reduce the material usage of the tool body 1 while ensuring its structural strength, further reducing the overall manufacturing cost of the tool.

[0035] The connector 21 is provided with a positioning groove 211, and the alloy plate 22 can be provided with alignment lines that are aligned with the positioning groove 211. During welding, the positioning groove 21 is aligned with the alignment lines to perform visual alignment before welding the alloy plate 22 and the connector 21, ensuring the relative position between the two is accurate, thereby ensuring the equidistant arrangement accuracy of the cutting edge and the weld contour after welding.

[0036] Both the cutter body 1 and the connecting part 21 are made of carbon steel or stainless steel with a carbon content of less than or equal to 0.55% (containing more than 10.5% chromium), ensuring that both the cutter body 1 and the connecting part 21 have excellent weldability. The alloy plate 22 is made of alloy material with a tungsten carbide content of more than or equal to 20%. When the tungsten carbide content is less than 20%, the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy plate are insufficient, making it difficult to meet the requirements of cutting work. As the tungsten carbide content increases, the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy plate increase accordingly, and the corresponding market price is also higher. The selection can be made according to material cost and service life.

[0037] Specifically, the tool body 1 is made of 45# steel (carbon content 0.42%~0.50%); the connecting part 21 is made of carbon steel, such as Q235A steel (carbon content less than 0.22%), austenitic stainless steel (carbon content less than 0.08%), etc.; the alloy plate 22 is made of alloy material with tungsten carbide content greater than or equal to 20%, such as YG6X cemented carbide plate (tungsten carbide content approximately 93.5%~94%). 45# steel is a medium-carbon steel with good comprehensive mechanical properties. After heat treatment, it has sufficient strength and toughness to withstand the huge impact and torsional loads during cutting. At the same time, it is moderately priced, making it suitable for tool body 1. Q235A steel is a low-carbon structural steel. Its most prominent advantages are excellent plasticity and weldability. Its high plasticity can act as a buffer, absorbing some of the welding stress caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficients with the alloy material. Alloy materials possess extremely high hardness and wear resistance; even at temperatures as high as 500°C, their hardness remains essentially unchanged, which is crucial for ensuring the sharpness and durability of cutting tools. Those skilled in the art can flexibly select the specific material for the connecting parts within the aforementioned range, based on specific working conditions (such as cutting force, operating temperature, corrosive environment, etc.) and cost budget.

[0038] Of course, the blade body 1 and / or the connecting piece 21 can be made of stainless steel (containing more than 10.5% chromium), which has the advantages of corrosion resistance, rust resistance and long service life.

[0039] The thickness of the connector 21 is between 1.5mm and 8mm to ensure sufficient structural strength, enabling it to withstand and transmit cutting forces during the cutting process, while also providing sufficient fusion depth for welding.

[0040] Example 2 This embodiment provides a manufacturing process for the aforementioned alloy cutting tool, the manufacturing process including the following steps: S1. Select the raw materials for connector 21, alloy plate 22 and blade body 1; wherein, the unit price of connector 21 and blade body 1 is lower than the unit price of alloy plate 22, and connector 21 can form a welded connection with blade body 1 and alloy plate 22 respectively. S2. The outer contours of the blade body 1, the connector 21 and the alloy plate 22 are respectively machined. The blade body 1 is machined to have a main body 11 and a plurality of mounting parts 12 arranged in a circumferential array along the outer periphery of the main body 11. The mounting parts 12 are provided with an opening groove 121 and a recess 122. The connector 21 is machined to have a corresponding part of the oblique notch 24. The alloy plate 22 is machined to have a cutting edge 211 and a corresponding part of the oblique notch 24. S3. Weld the blade body 1, the connector 21 and the alloy plate 22 together. The connector 21 and the alloy plate 22 are connected by a connecting weld 23. The intersection point 25 of the connecting weld 23 and the oblique notch 24 intersects with the side line of the blade body 1.

[0041] In step S2, the outer contours of the tool body 1, the connecting piece 21, and the alloy plate 22 can be machined using existing wire cutting technology or by lathe machining.

[0042] In step S3, copper-based brazing is used for welding. Specifically, copper-based brazing filler metal is placed between the connecting member 21 and the alloy plate 22 to be welded to form a connecting weld 23, and copper-based brazing filler metal is placed between the blade body 1 and the alloy plate 22 to be welded to form a first weld 3. Heating melts the copper-based brazing filler metal and fills the gaps between the welds.

[0043] The copper-based brazing filler metal used is a copper-based brazing material such as BCu60ZnSn copper-based filler metal or silver-containing copper-based filler metal. The brazing temperature is controlled between 730℃ and 860℃. During welding, high-frequency induction heating or flame heating can be used. Heating is stopped after the copper-based filler metal melts into a bright liquid state. The welded workpiece is then kept at a low temperature and slowly cooled to room temperature to avoid cracking due to excessive tensile stress in the weld caused by sudden cooling.

[0044] Before welding, the surfaces of the connector 21 and the alloy plate 22 to be welded need to be degreased and derusted, and flux such as copper solder powder or borax should be added to improve the wettability of the brazing filler metal to the base material. After brazing, the cutter head 2 is subjected to stress-relieving annealing to eliminate residual welding stress.

[0045] In step S3, the cutting tool body 1, connecting member 21, and alloy plate 22 can be welded in the following order: First, the connecting member 21 and alloy plate 22 are welded together to form the cutting head 2, and then the cutting tool body 1 is welded to the cutting head 2. Second, the connecting member 21 is welded to the cutting tool body 1, and then the alloy plate 22 is welded together with the connecting member 21 and the cutting tool body 1. By simultaneously applying copper-based brazing filler metal to the welding surface, a first weld 3 and a connecting weld 23 are formed.

[0046] When welding and fixing the cutting edge 2 to the cutting tool body 1, the intersection point 25 of the connecting piece 21 and the alloy plate 22 must intersect with the side line of the cutting tool body 1 to ensure accurate installation of the cutting edge 2 on the cutting tool body 1. Preferably, the connecting piece 21 and the cutting tool body 1 are laser welded or resistance welded, resulting in low heat input, minimal deformation, and a high-strength weld joint. After welding, the entire cutting tool undergoes stress relief treatment, edge grinding, and dynamic balancing to obtain the finished alloy cutting tool.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0048] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. An alloy cutting tool, comprising a tool body (1) and a cutting tip (2), characterized in that: The blade (2) includes a connector (21) and an alloy plate (22) that are fixedly connected. The blade (1), connector (21) and alloy plate (22) are made of weldable metal, and the unit price of the connector (21) and the blade (1) is lower than the unit price of the alloy plate (22). The connector (21) can form a welded connection with the blade (1) and the alloy plate (22) respectively.

2. The alloy cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projected width of the alloy plate (22) in the cutting direction is greater than the width of the cutter body (1).

3. The alloy cutting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection between the connector (21) and the alloy plate (22) is provided with a connecting weld (23), and the blade (2) is provided with an oblique notch (24) that runs obliquely through the connector (21) and the alloy plate (22). The intersection point (25) of the connecting weld (23) and the oblique notch (24) intersects with the side line of the blade body (1).

4. The alloy cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (1) includes a main body (11) and a plurality of mounting parts (12) arranged in a circumferential array along the outer periphery of the main body (11), and the mounting parts (12) are provided with opening slots (121).

5. An alloy cutting tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The opening groove (121) penetrates the mounting part (12) and extends to the outer peripheral surface of the body part (11).

6. An alloy cutting tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting part (12) has a recess (122) extending along the width direction of the alloy plate (21).

7. The alloy cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade body (1) and the connector (21) are both made of carbon steel or stainless steel with a carbon content of less than or equal to 0.55%, and the alloy plate (22) is made of alloy material with a tungsten carbide content of greater than or equal to 20%.

8. An alloy cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the connector (21) is between 1.5mm and 8mm.

9. A manufacturing process for an alloy cutting tool, characterized in that, The production process includes the following steps: S1. Select the raw materials for the connector (21), alloy plate (22) and blade (1); wherein the unit price of the connector (21) and blade (1) is lower than the unit price of the alloy plate (22), and the connector (21) can form a welded connection with the blade (1) and the alloy plate (21) respectively. S2. The outer contours of the blade body (1), the connector (21) and the alloy plate (22) are respectively machined. The blade body (1) is machined to have a main body (11) and a plurality of mounting parts (12) arranged in a circular array along the outer periphery of the main body (11). The mounting parts (12) are provided with an opening groove (121) and a recess (122). The connector (21) is machined to have a corresponding part of the oblique notch (24). The alloy plate (22) is machined to have a cutting edge (211) and a corresponding part of the oblique notch (24). S3. Weld the blade (1), connector (21) and alloy plate (22), wherein the connector (21) and alloy plate (22) are connected by a connecting weld (23), and the intersection point (25) of the connecting weld (23) and the oblique notch (24) intersects with the side line of the blade (1).

10. An alloy cutting tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S3, a copper-based brazing filler metal is placed between the connector (21) and the alloy plate (22) to be welded, and a copper-based brazing filler metal is placed between the blade (1) and the alloy plate (22) to be welded. The copper-based brazing filler metal is heated to melt and fill the gap between the weld seams.

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