A six-sided press forming apparatus driven by a single cylinder

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of pressure forming equipment and relates to a single-cylinder driven six-surface pressure forming device, which comprises a base, a guide stand, a hydraulic cylinder and upper and lower molds, a lower pressing block is arranged in the middle of the lower mold, first inclined cut surfaces are arranged on the front, rear, left and right sides of the lower pressing block and inclined downward and outward, a top rod with a second inclined cut surface at the outer end is matched and abutted on each first inclined cut surface, pressing blocks for pressing the side surfaces of the pressed part are slidably arranged on the radial slides on the front, rear, left and right sides of the lower mold, an upper pressing block is fixed in the middle of the recess on the lower surface of the upper mold, third inclined cut surfaces matched with and driving the fourth inclined cut surfaces on the front, rear, left and right pressing blocks to realize radial movement are arranged on the front, rear, left and right sides of the recess, driving blocks extending downward are fixed on the front, rear, left and right sides outside the recess of the upper mold, fifth inclined cut surfaces matched with the second inclined cut surfaces of the top rods and driving the top rods to move radially are arranged on the lower surfaces of the driving blocks, and the product forming under high vacuum, high temperature and high pressure is realized through the heating and vacuum extraction structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of molding equipment for synthetic diamond products, and particularly relates to a six-sided top molding device driven by a single hydraulic cylinder that can simultaneously apply pressure to the pressed part from six sides. Background Technology

[0002] The six-sided top-pressure forming equipment is used to apply pressure to the pressed part in the central cavity from three mutually perpendicular axes and six directions. It can also be used with a heating structure to form a high temperature and high pressure environment. It is suitable for pressure forming of materials such as synthetic diamond, lab-grown diamond, cubic boron nitride, and diamond copper composite materials. It can also be used for high pressure physics research.

[0003] Existing six-sided pressing equipment typically uses hydraulic cylinders in six directions, each driving a corresponding pressing block. This structure requires a large number of hydraulic cylinders, resulting in high equipment size and manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the stroke and pressure of multiple hydraulic cylinders need to be controlled separately, making it difficult to guarantee the synchronization of each pressing block and the consistency of force applied to the pressed part in all directions, potentially affecting the density uniformity of the molded product and product quality. Therefore, a more compact molding device with fewer driving sources and easier implementation of simultaneous six-sided pressing is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device to reduce the number of driving hydraulic cylinders and the space occupied by the equipment, and to improve the synchronization of the actions and the consistency of the force in the six pressing directions.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device includes a base, a lower mold disposed in the middle of the base, guide columns disposed around the base, a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the upper part of the guide columns, and an upper mold driven by the hydraulic cylinder and moving up and down along the guide columns. A lower pressing block capable of moving up and down is disposed in the middle of the lower mold. The lower pressing block has a first inclined surface sloping downwards on its front, rear, left, and right sides. Four push rods capable of moving horizontally along the radial direction of the lower mold are disposed inside the lower mold. Each push rod has a seventh inclined surface at its end near the lower pressing block that mates with the corresponding first inclined surface, and a second inclined surface at its end away from the lower pressing block. A front pressing block, a rear pressing block, a left pressing block, and a right pressing block for pressing the sides of the pressed part are slidably disposed in the radial slides on the front, rear, left, and right sides of the lower mold, respectively. The rear pressure block, left pressure block, and right pressure block are each provided with a third oblique surface; the lower surface of the upper mold is provided with a groove, the middle of which is fixed with an upper pressure block, and the front, rear, left, and right sides of the groove are each provided with a fourth oblique surface that mates with the corresponding third oblique surface; the upper mold is fixed with downwardly extending drive blocks on the front, rear, left, and right sides outside the groove, and the lower surface of each drive block is provided with a fifth oblique surface that mates with the second oblique surface of the corresponding push rod; when the hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold to move downward, the upper pressure block moves downward, the fourth oblique surface pushes the front pressure block, rear pressure block, left pressure block, and right pressure block to move toward the pressed part, the fifth oblique surface pushes the push rod to move radially, and the push rod pushes the lower pressure block to move upward through the cooperation of the seventh oblique surface and the first oblique surface, so as to simultaneously apply pressure to the pressed part from six sides.

[0006] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, a liner, a carbon tube, and a pyrophyllite tube are sequentially fitted onto the outer surface of the pressed part. The liner is a magnesium oxide tube, a sodium chloride tube, or a quartz tube. Conductive caps are respectively covering the upper and lower ends of the pressed part, the liner, and the carbon tube. A first electrode and a second electrode are electrically connected to the upper pressing block and the lower pressing block, respectively. The first electrode and the second electrode are used to connect to the two output terminals of an AC power supply or the positive and negative output terminals of a DC power supply. Insulating gaskets are respectively provided between the upper pressing block and the upper mold, and between the lower pressing block and the lower mold. Insulating sleeves are respectively fitted onto the first electrode and the second electrode so that the carbon tube can be energized and heated to heat the pressed part.

[0007] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the conductivity current of the first electrode and the second electrode is 400-800A, the heating temperature is 100-3000 degrees, and the nominal pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is 1000 tons to 100,000 tons. The specific parameters can be determined according to the pressed material, forming size and process requirements.

[0008] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the first electrode connected to the upper pressure block is arranged parallel to the front pressure block or the left pressure block, and the second electrode connected to the lower pressure block extends radially from the intersection of the two adjacent sides of the lower mold. The lower mold is provided with a clearance for the second electrode to move up and down with the lower pressure block.

[0009] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the upper pressure block and / or the lower pressure block are respectively provided with threaded holes, and a vacuum tube is connected to the threaded hole. The inner end of the threaded hole is connected to the end face of the corresponding conductive cover.

[0010] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, a sixth oblique cut surface is provided at the junction of the pressing end face and the side face of the front pressing block, rear pressing block, left pressing block, right pressing block, upper pressing block and lower pressing block, so as to avoid mutual collision or interference when the six pressing blocks move towards the pressed part.

[0011] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the front pressure block, rear pressure block, left pressure block, and right pressure block have the same structure, each including a right-angled triangle and a convex shape disposed in the middle of the lower surface of the right-angled triangle; the vertical surface of the right-angled triangle facing the pressed part is the pressing surface, and the inclined surface opposite to the pressing surface is the third oblique cutting surface; the convex shape and the lower surface of the right-angled triangle form sliding grooves on both sides, and the sliding grooves on both sides slide in cooperation with the guide block disposed on the center plate on the upper side of the lower mold.

[0012] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, a stop block is provided in the groove of the lower mold, and the stop block is used to guide the upper mold's front, rear, left and right outer surfaces to move up and down.

[0013] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, protrusions are provided on both sides of the lower inner side of the stop block, and the two protrusions together with the side of the stop block form a guide groove for driving the block to move up and down.

[0014] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the top rod is a horizontally placed rectangular rod. One end of the rectangular rod near the lower pressure block is provided with a seventh oblique surface that extends obliquely upward and cooperates with the first oblique surface, and the other end is provided with the second oblique surface. The second oblique surface extends obliquely upward to form a hook.

[0015] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the vacuum conduit is connected to an inert gas input pipe via a three-way pipe, and a valve is installed on the inert gas input pipe.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: 1. This invention uses a single hydraulic cylinder as a common driving source for applying pressure from all six sides, which can reduce the number of hydraulic cylinders, thereby reducing the space occupied by the equipment and lowering the manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0017] 2. When the upper mold of the present invention moves downward, the upper pressing block, the four side pressing blocks and the lower pressing block are linked together through the inclined plane transmission mechanism, which helps to improve the synchronization of the actions in the six pressing directions.

[0018] 3. By reasonably setting the inclination angle and stroke of each mating inclined surface, the present invention enables the six pressing blocks to press the pressed part according to a predetermined stroke and pressure, thereby improving the consistency of the force on the pressed part in all directions.

[0019] 4. The simultaneous pressing of the six pressing blocks in this invention is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the internal structure and density of the molded body, thereby improving the molding quality. For example, the diamond-copper composite heat sink material pressed by this invention has a thermal conductivity of over 670W / mk, which meets the requirements of mid-to-high-end chip packaging where the thermal conductivity of the chip heat sink is 600-800W / mk.

[0020] 5. After setting the electrodes, conductive cover and carbon tube, the present invention can use the resistance heating of the carbon tube to heat the pressed part, and the power parameters can be adjusted according to the process requirements.

[0021] 6. The present invention can evacuate the pressing chamber through a vacuum conduit, or introduce an inert protective gas after evacuation to reduce material oxidation during heating.

[0022] 7. This invention can be used for high-temperature and high-pressure molding of materials such as synthetic diamond, lab-grown diamond, cubic boron nitride, synthetic jade, high-density alloys, and diamond-copper composite materials. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main components of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the main components of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of AA direction.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention with the upper mold and other components removed.

[0027] Figure 5 This is one of the three-dimensional schematic diagrams of one of the front pressure block, rear pressure block, left pressure block, and right pressure block of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a second perspective view of one of the front pressure block, rear pressure block, left pressure block, and right pressure block of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pressing block of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the upper pressure block of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the driving block of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top rod of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lower mold of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the central plate of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the upper mold of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the stop block of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 15 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part B. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. See also: Figures 1-15 : A single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device includes a base, a lower mold 11 in the center of the base, guide columns around the base, a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the upper part of the guide columns, and an upper mold 12 driven by the hydraulic cylinder to move up and down along the guide columns. A lower pressing block 15 is centrally located on the lower mold 11. The lower pressing block 15 has first inclined cut surfaces 153 on its front, rear, left, and right sides, respectively, pointing downwards. Four push rods 15 are provided inside the lower mold 11, capable of horizontally moving along radial grooves. The push rod 15 has a seventh oblique surface 162 at one end near the lower pressure block 15, which mates with the corresponding first oblique surface 153. The end away from the lower pressure block has a second oblique surface 161. The radial slides 112 on the front, rear, left, and right sides of the lower die 11 are respectively equipped with front pressure blocks, rear pressure blocks, left pressure blocks, and right pressure blocks for pressing the sides of the pressed part 25. Each pressure block is provided with a third oblique cut surface 192. The lower surface of the upper mold 12 is provided with a groove. An upper pressure block 20 is fixed in the middle 122 of the groove. The front, rear, left and right sides of the groove are respectively provided with fourth oblique cut surfaces 121 that cooperate with the corresponding third oblique cut surfaces 192. The upper mold is fixed with downwardly extending drive blocks 17 on the front, rear, left and right sides of the groove. The lower surface of each drive block 17 is provided with a fifth oblique cut surface 161 that cooperates with the corresponding push rod 15. When the hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold 12 to move downward, the upper pressure block 20 moves downward. The fourth oblique surface 121 pushes the front pressure block, rear pressure block, left pressure block and right pressure block to move towards the pressed part 25. The fifth oblique surface 172 pushes the push rod 17 to move radially. The push rod 15 pushes the lower pressure block 15 to move upward through the cooperation of the seventh oblique surface 162 and the first oblique surface 153, so as to simultaneously apply pressure to the pressed part 25 from six sides.

[0039] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the outer surface of the pressed part 25 is sequentially fitted with a liner, a carbon tube 23, and a pyrophyllite tube 22. The liner is a magnesium oxide tube, a sodium chloride tube, or a quartz tube. The upper and lower ends of the assembly composed of the pressed part 25, the liner, and the carbon tube 23 are respectively covered with conductive caps 26. A pyrophyllite sheet 27 is provided in the groove inside the conductive cap 26. The upper pressing block 20 and the lower pressing block 15 are respectively connected to a first electrode 13 and a second electrode made of copper material for alternating current or direct current. The first electrode 13 and the second electrode are used to connect the two output terminals of the AC power supply or the positive and negative output terminals of the DC power supply. Insulating gaskets 28 are respectively provided between the upper pressing block 20 and the upper mold 12 and between the lower pressing block 15 and the lower mold 11. Insulating sleeves 29 are respectively fitted on the first electrode 13 and the second electrode so that the carbon tube 23 is energized and heats up, thereby heating the pressed part 25.

[0040] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the conductivity current of the first electrode 13 and the second electrode is 400-800A, the heating temperature is 100-3000 degrees, and the nominal pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is 1000 tons to 100,000 tons. The specific parameters can be determined according to the pressed material, forming size and process requirements.

[0041] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the first electrode 13 connected to the upper pressure block 20 is arranged parallel to the front pressure block or the left pressure block, and the second electrode 13 connected to the lower pressure block 15 extends radially from the intersection of two adjacent sides of the lower mold 11. The lower mold 11 is provided with a clearance gap for the second electrode to move up and down with the lower pressure block 15.

[0042] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the upper pressure block 20 and / or the lower pressure block 15 are respectively provided with threaded holes 202, and a vacuum tube 14 is connected to the threaded hole 202. The inner end of the threaded hole 202 is connected to the end face of the corresponding conductive cover 26.

[0043] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, a sixth oblique surface 21 is provided at the junction of the pressing end face and the side face of the four radially moving pressing blocks 19, upper pressing block 20, and lower pressing block 15 (forming six pressing blocks) to avoid mutual collision or interference when the six pressing blocks move towards the pressed part 25.

[0044] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the front pressure block, rear pressure block, left pressure block, and right pressure block (collectively referred to as pressure block 19) have the same structure, each including a right-angled triangle and a convex shape disposed in the middle of the lower surface of the right-angled triangle; the vertical surface 191 of the right-angled triangle facing the pressed part 25 is the pressing surface, and the oblique surface opposite to the pressing surface is the third oblique surface 192; the convex shape 195 and the lower surface of the right-angled triangle form sliding grooves 194 on both sides, and the sliding grooves 194 on both sides slide in cooperation with the guide block 181 of the center plate 18 disposed on the upper side of the dormitory lower mold 11.

[0045] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, a stop block 10 is provided in the groove 111 of the lower mold 11, and the stop block 10 guides the upper mold 12 to move up and down on the front, rear, left and right outer surfaces.

[0046] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the lower inner side of the stop block 10 is provided with two protrusions 101 on both sides, and the two protrusions 101 together with the side side 103 of the stop block on the side of the protrusions 101 form a guide groove 102 for the drive block 17 to move up and down.

[0047] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the top rod 16 is a horizontally placed rectangular rod. One end of the rectangular rod near the lower pressure block 15 is provided with a seventh oblique cutting surface 162 that extends obliquely upward and cooperates with the first oblique cutting surface 153 on the lower mold 11. The other end is provided with the second oblique cutting surface 161, which extends obliquely upward to form a hook portion 163.

[0048] As a further optimization of the above technical solution, the vacuum conduit is connected to an inert gas input pipe via a three-way pipe. A valve is installed on the inert gas input pipe. After the vacuum pump of the vacuum system draws the space inside the upper and lower conductive cover cavities into a vacuum negative pressure state, it is convenient for pressure forming. After the cavity inside the upper and lower conductive cover cavities is evacuated, inert gas is introduced through the inert gas pressure bottle and valve, which can keep the metal components from being oxidized under heating conditions.

[0049] During operation, the part to be pressed 25 and its outer sleeve structure are placed in the pressing area surrounded by six pressing blocks. The hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold 12 to move downward, and the upper pressing block 20 presses the part to be pressed 25 downward. The four fourth oblique surfaces 121 of the upper mold 12 respectively cooperate with the corresponding third oblique surfaces 192 to push the front pressing block, rear pressing block, left pressing block and right pressing block 19 to move towards the part to be pressed 25. The four fifth oblique surfaces 172 respectively push the corresponding push rod 16 to move radially. The push rod 16 pushes the lower pressing block 15 to move upward through the cooperation of the seventh oblique surface 162 and the first oblique surface 153. Thus, the hydraulic cylinder simultaneously completes the pressure application in six directions: up, down, front, back, left and right. When heating is required during the process, the first electrode 13 and the second electrode are energized to make the carbon tube 23 heat up. When a vacuum or protective atmosphere is required, the pressing cavity is evacuated through the vacuum tube 14, or an inert protective gas is introduced after evacuation.

[0050] The above embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Equivalent substitutions or conventional modifications made by those skilled in the art to the above structures without departing from the concept of the present invention should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device, comprising a base, a lower mold disposed in the middle of the base, guide columns disposed around the periphery of the base, a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the upper part of the guide columns, and an upper mold driven by the hydraulic cylinder and moving up and down along the guide columns, characterized in that: The lower mold has a vertically movable pressing block at its center. The front, rear, left, and right sides of the lower pressing block each have a first inclined surface sloping downwards. The lower mold contains four ejector rods that can move horizontally along its radial direction. Each ejector rod has a seventh inclined surface at its end near the pressing block, corresponding to the first inclined surface, and a second inclined surface at its end away from the pressing block. Front, rear, left, and right pressing blocks for pressing the sides of the workpiece are slidably disposed within the radial slides on the front, rear, left, and right sides of the lower mold. Each of these blocks has a third inclined surface. The lower surface of the upper mold has a groove, the center of which is fixed. The upper pressure block has a groove with a fourth oblique surface that mates with the corresponding third oblique surface on the front, rear, left, and right sides. The upper mold has downwardly extending drive blocks fixed on the front, rear, left, and right sides outside the groove. The lower surface of each drive block has a fifth oblique surface that mates with the second oblique surface of the corresponding push rod. When the hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold to move downward, the upper pressure block moves downward, the fourth oblique surface pushes the front pressure block, rear pressure block, left pressure block, and right pressure block to move toward the pressed part, the fifth oblique surface pushes the push rod to move radially, and the push rod pushes the lower pressure block to move upward through the cooperation of the seventh oblique surface and the first oblique surface, so as to simultaneously apply pressure to the pressed part from six sides.

2. The single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the pressed part is sequentially fitted with a liner, a carbon tube, and a pyrophyllite tube. The liner is a magnesium oxide tube, a sodium chloride tube, or a quartz tube. The upper and lower ends of the assembly consisting of the pressed part, the liner, and the carbon tube are respectively covered with conductive caps. The upper and lower pressing blocks are electrically connected to a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively. The first and second electrodes are used to connect to the two output terminals of an AC power supply or the positive and negative output terminals of a DC power supply. Insulating gaskets are respectively provided between the upper pressing block and the upper mold, and between the lower pressing block and the lower mold. Insulating sleeves are respectively fitted on the first and second electrodes so that the carbon tube can be energized and heated to heat the pressed part.

3. The single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first and second electrodes have a conductivity current of 400-800A and a heating temperature of 100-3000 degrees Celsius. The nominal pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is 1000 tons to 100,000 tons.

4. The single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first electrode connected to the upper pressure block is arranged parallel to the front pressure block or the left pressure block, and the second electrode connected to the lower pressure block extends radially from the intersection of the two adjacent sides of the lower mold. The lower mold is provided with a clearance gap for the second electrode to move up and down with the lower pressure block.

5. The single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper pressure block and / or the lower pressure block are respectively provided with threaded holes, and a vacuum tube is connected to the threaded hole. The inner end of the threaded hole is connected to the end face of the corresponding conductive cover.

6. The single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front, rear, left, right, upper, and lower pressure blocks are all provided with a sixth oblique cut surface at the junction of their pressing end faces and side faces to avoid mutual collisions or interference when all six pressure blocks move toward the pressed part.

7. The single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front, rear, left, and right pressure blocks have the same structure, each including a right-angled triangle and a convex shape located in the middle of the lower surface of the right-angled triangle. The vertical surface of the right-angled triangle facing the pressed part is the pressing surface, and the inclined surface opposite to the pressing surface is the third oblique cut surface. The convex shape and the lower surface of the right-angled triangle form sliding grooves on both sides, and the sliding grooves on both sides slide in cooperation with the guide block of the center plate located on the upper side of the lower mold.

8. The single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stop block is provided in the groove of the lower mold, and the stop block is used to guide the upper mold to move up and down on the front, rear, left and right outer surfaces.

9. A single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower inner side of the stop block is provided with two protruding strips on both sides, and the two protruding strips together with the side of the stop block form a guide groove for driving the block to move up and down.

10. A single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top rod is a horizontally placed rectangular rod. One end of the rectangular rod near the lower pressure block is provided with a seventh oblique surface that extends obliquely upward and cooperates with the first oblique surface, and the other end is provided with the second oblique surface. The second oblique surface extends obliquely upward to form a hook.

11. A single-cylinder driven six-sided pressure forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum conduit is connected to an inert gas input pipe via a three-way connector, and a valve is installed on the inert gas input pipe.

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