Photovoltaic automobile hood

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic automobile hood, comprising: a hood unit, comprising a hood base and a flow guide piece; a photovoltaic assembly, rotating above the hood base, comprising a lower heat insulation layer, an upper heat insulation layer, a glue film layer, a cell layer and a light-transmitting wear-resistant layer; a sealing frame, sealingly surrounding the photovoltaic assembly; a locking piece, used for locking the photovoltaic assembly above the flow guide piece, and in the locked state, the hood unit and the photovoltaic assembly form a heat dissipation channel extending along the length direction of the flow guide piece. Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic automobile hood supports the photovoltaic assembly in the locked state through the flow guide piece, facilitates the ventilation and heat dissipation of the hood base, facilitates the cleaning and maintenance of the top surface of the hood base after contact and locking, guarantees the long-term heat dissipation performance, and the lower heat insulation layer and the upper heat insulation layer are used in the photovoltaic assembly to strengthen the heat insulation performance, prevent the high-temperature heat on the hood base from being transmitted to the cell layer, and thus the high-efficiency photovoltaic power generation performance of the photovoltaic assembly is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle photovoltaic integration technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic car hood. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, vehicle-mounted solar photovoltaic power generation technology has become an important technological direction for reducing vehicle static electricity, lowering energy consumption, and improving range. Integrating photovoltaic modules into the vehicle body panels allows for continuous collection of solar energy during vehicle parking and driving, compensating for low-voltage static power consumption, assisting the power battery, and effectively limiting the frequency of vehicle-mounted photovoltaic charging and energy loss.

[0003] However, existing automotive photovoltaic integration technologies have many substantial drawbacks, severely limiting the implementation and lifespan of automotive photovoltaic systems. Specifically, in current technologies, automotive photovoltaic panels are typically fixedly attached to the surface of the hood, with the engine compartment located below. The heat generated by the engine during operation is transferred to the photovoltaic modules, which, combined with the photovoltaic modules' own power generation, keeps the photovoltaic modules in a state of high temperature for extended periods. Furthermore, the heat inside the engine compartment is difficult to dissipate, shortening the lifespan of the photovoltaic modules and components inside the engine compartment. The prolonged exposure to heat also exacerbates power attenuation, leading to a significant decrease in power generation efficiency. Moreover, after being heated, the photovoltaic panels attached to the hood surface are prone to bubbling, delamination, or edge lifting. During vehicle operation, vibrations can easily cause microcracks and failures in the internal cells of the photovoltaic modules, resulting in poor product durability. In addition, dust and water can easily enter the photovoltaic modules attached to the hood, compromising the reliability of the module encapsulation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing photovoltaic car hood technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a photovoltaic car hood that extends service life, facilitates ventilation and heat dissipation to ensure power generation efficiency, and is dustproof and waterproof.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, the technical solution of the present invention is: a photovoltaic car hood, installed above the engine compartment of a car, comprising: A hood unit includes a hood base and guide vanes extending along the length direction of the hood base and distributed along the width direction of the hood base; A photovoltaic module is rotated above the cover base with its rotation axis parallel to the width direction of the cover base. The length direction of the photovoltaic module is consistent with the length direction of the cover base, and the width direction is consistent with the width direction of the cover base. It includes a lower heat insulation layer, an upper heat insulation layer, an encapsulant layer, a battery layer, and a light-transmitting and wear-resistant layer that are stacked and connected sequentially from bottom to top. The lower heat insulation layer and the upper heat insulation layer are rigid and elastic heat insulation layers, respectively. A sealing frame is provided to seal and surround the photovoltaic module. A locking component is used to lock the photovoltaic module above the guide plate. In the locked state, the cover unit and the photovoltaic module enclose each other to form a heat dissipation channel extending along the length direction of the guide plate.

[0007] Preferably, in order to reduce water and dust accumulation on the hood base, a sealing assembly is also included. The sealing assembly has a sealing position and a ventilation position. When the car is stopped, the sealing assembly is located in the sealing position and seals the end of the heat dissipation channel near the car windshield. When the car is moving, the sealing assembly is located in the ventilation position and is spaced apart from the heat dissipation channel.

[0008] Preferably, in order to facilitate sealing of the end of the heat dissipation channel near the windshield when the car is stopped, the sealing assembly includes a sealing baffle that is sealed and fitted to the top surface of the hood base and slides along the length of the guide plate, and the sealing baffle is limited to the guide plate.

[0009] Preferably, in order to achieve a limiting sliding connection between the sealing baffle and the guide plate, the two ends of the sealing baffle are provided with sliding plates that are in contact with the back of two of the guide plates. The sliding plates and the corresponding guide plates are provided with sliding protrusions and strip-shaped openings that are slidably engaged. The strip-shaped openings extend along the length direction of the guide plate and are slidably disposed relative to the sliding protrusions.

[0010] Preferably, to facilitate ventilation and heat dissipation of the photovoltaic module, the top surface of the upper heat insulation layer is provided with a guide groove extending along the length direction of the photovoltaic module and distributed along the width direction of the photovoltaic module. The width of the guide groove is greater than the depth of the guide groove. The guide groove and the adhesive film layer enclose each other to form a guide channel. Both ends of the sealing frame are provided with air holes. The guide channel connects the air holes at both ends of the sealing frame. The sealing component of the sealing station is sealed and covered on the air hole near the windshield of the car. The sealing component of the ventilation station is spaced apart from the air hole.

[0011] Preferably, in order to enhance ventilation and heat dissipation performance, the air hole is a stepped hole, including an outer hole extending to the outer circumferential edge of the sealing frame and an inner hole extending to the inner circumferential wall of the sealing frame. The cross-sectional dimension of the outer hole is larger than that of the inner hole, and the opening of the inner hole is located inside the end of the flow guiding channel.

[0012] Preferably, to prevent dust and water from entering the photovoltaic module, the two ends of the sealing frame are also provided with caps corresponding to the air holes, and the caps are located above the air holes.

[0013] Preferably, in order to facilitate the rotational connection between the photovoltaic module and the cover base, a rotating arm is fixed below the end of the lower heat insulation layer near the windshield, and a rotating seat is provided on the cover base, with the rotating arm and the rotating seat being rotatably connected.

[0014] Preferably, in order to facilitate locking and securing the photovoltaic modules and prevent others from unlocking them, a threaded tube is provided at the end of the bottom surface of the lower heat insulation layer away from the windshield. A sealing cylinder is fixedly inserted through the base of the cover. In the locked state, the threaded tube is located inside the sealing cylinder, and the top surface of the sealing cylinder is sealed to the lower heat insulation layer. The locking component includes a locking bolt, the shank of which is threadedly connected to the threaded tube, and the cap abuts against the side of the sealing cylinder away from the lower heat insulation layer.

[0015] Preferably, in order to ensure photovoltaic power generation efficiency, the battery layer is an HJT heterojunction photovoltaic module, which includes arrayed and independent photovoltaic sub-arrays.

[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic car hood of the present invention supports the photovoltaic modules in the locked state through the guide strip, which facilitates ventilation and heat dissipation of the hood base. After contact and locking, it is easy to clean and maintain the top surface of the hood base, ensuring long-term heat dissipation performance. The photovoltaic modules utilize lower and upper heat insulation layers to enhance heat insulation performance, preventing high-temperature heat from the hood base from being transferred to the battery layer, thereby helping to ensure the high-efficiency photovoltaic power generation performance of the photovoltaic modules. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An explosion diagram; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the first embodiment from another perspective; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another aspect of the first embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the photovoltaic module and the sealing frame in the first embodiment; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 An explosion diagram; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of part B; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the photovoltaic module and the sealing frame in the second embodiment; Figure 11 yes Figure 10 An explosion diagram; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing frame in the second embodiment; Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sealing frame from another perspective in the second embodiment; In the diagram: 1. Cover unit; 11. Cover base; 111. Rotating seat; 112. Sealing cylinder; 12. Guide vane; 121. Sliding protrusion; 2. Photovoltaic module; 21. Lower insulation layer; 211. Rotating arm; 212. Threaded tube; 213. Rotating screw; 214. Nut; 22. Upper insulation layer; 221. Guide groove; 23. Adhesive film layer; 24. Battery layer; 241. Photovoltaic sub-array; 25. Light-transmitting and wear-resistant layer; 3. Sealing frame; 31. Vent; 311. Inner hole; 312. Outer hole; 32. Cap brim; 4. Locking element; 5. Sealing assembly; 51. Sealing baffle; 52. Sliding plate; 521. Strip opening. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] First Embodiment

[0020] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a photovoltaic car hood according to a first embodiment of the present invention is installed above the engine compartment of a car and includes: The hood unit 1 includes a hood base 11 and guide vanes 12 extending along the length direction of the hood base 11 and distributed along the width direction of the hood base 11; The photovoltaic module 2 rotates above the cover base 11 with the rotation axis parallel to the width direction of the cover base 11. The length direction of the photovoltaic module 2 is consistent with the length direction of the cover base 11, and the width direction is consistent with the width direction of the cover base 11. It includes a lower heat insulation layer 21, an upper heat insulation layer 22, an encapsulant layer 23, a battery layer 24, and a light-transmitting and wear-resistant layer 25, which are stacked and connected sequentially from bottom to top. The lower heat insulation layer 21 and the upper heat insulation layer 22 are rigid and elastic heat insulation layers, respectively. Sealing frame 3 is sealed and enclosed outside photovoltaic module 2; The locking component 4 is used to lock the photovoltaic module 2 above the guide plate 12. In the locked state, the cover unit 1 and the photovoltaic module 2 enclose each other to form a heat dissipation channel extending along the length of the guide plate 12.

[0021] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic car hood is installed above the engine compartment of a car. The hood base 11 is a curved structure adapted to the top of the engine compartment. Several guide vanes 12 are arranged side by side on its top surface. The photovoltaic module 2 can rotate above the hood base 11. The position of the hood base 11 is locked by the locking member 4. In the locked state, the hood base 11, the guide vanes 12 and the lower heat insulation layer 21 of the photovoltaic module 2 can form a heat dissipation channel whose length direction and distribution direction are consistent with the length direction and distribution direction of the guide vanes 12. The heat in the engine compartment is dissipated upward through the hood base 11. After encountering the lower heat insulation layer 21, it is discharged through the heat dissipation channel. Especially during the driving process, airflow can be generated in the heat dissipation channel to accelerate the discharge of heat and prevent the internal temperature of the engine compartment from being unable to be discharged quickly, which would affect the service life of the internal components.

[0022] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module 2 in this embodiment adopts a structure consisting of a lower heat insulation layer 21, an upper heat insulation layer 22, an encapsulant layer 23, a battery layer 24, and a light-transmitting and wear-resistant layer 25, which are stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The lower heat insulation layer 21 is a rigid structure, while the upper heat insulation layer 22 is an elastic structure. The rigid structure facilitates the precise docking of the photovoltaic module 2 with the guide plate 12 in the locked state, while the elastic upper heat insulation layer 22 has an elastic deformation function. Especially during the vibration of the vehicle, it can buffer the vibration of the battery cells in the battery layer 24, preventing the battery cells in the battery layer 24 from developing microcracks or failing. Moreover, the lower heat insulation layer 21 and the upper heat insulation layer 22 are set at the bottom of the photovoltaic module 2, which can enhance the heat insulation performance and prevent the heat above the cover substrate 11 from being transferred to the battery layer 24 of the photovoltaic module 2. Compared with the traditional photovoltaic module 2 being attached to the surface of the cover substrate 11, it is beneficial for the battery layer 24 to generate photovoltaic power at a relatively lower temperature, ensuring power generation efficiency.

[0023] The outer circumferential edge of the photovoltaic module 2 is also sealed with a sealing frame 3, which can effectively prevent moisture from entering the photovoltaic module 2 and ensure the stable and efficient operation of the photovoltaic module 2.

[0024] After prolonged use, dust tends to accumulate on the top surface of the cover base 11. At this time, the locking mechanism 4 engages to lock the photovoltaic module 2, allowing the photovoltaic module 2 to rotate upwards. Figure 5 As shown, the top surface of the cover base 11 is exposed at this time, which makes it easy to clean the dust accumulated on the surface of the cover base 11. After cleaning, the photovoltaic module 2 is locked and fixed above the guide plate 12 by the locking part 4 to ensure the long-term stable ventilation and heat dissipation performance of the cover base 11.

[0025] In this embodiment, the hood base 11 is a curved original aluminum alloy stamped base, retaining all mounting holes, reinforcing ribs, and impact energy absorption structures. The light-transmitting and wear-resistant layer 25 is preferably a wear-resistant and light-transmitting protective layer. More specifically, it uses high-transmittance hardened PC material with a thickness of 0.7mm. The top surface has a nano self-cleaning hydrophobic coating, which makes its light transmittance above 92% while also having anti-ultraviolet, anti-scratch, and anti-opportunity functions, realizing a color-transmitting and light-transmitting coating for the car body, thus taking into account both appearance and power generation performance. The adhesive film layer 23 is made of EVA+POE double-layer composite high temperature resistant material. The film enhances weather resistance; the upper insulation layer 22 is made of closed-cell silicone rubber composite fiberglass material, which combines heat insulation and heat resistance with elastic vibration reduction, and has a high degree of integration, which helps to reduce the overall weight of the cover; the lower insulation layer 21 is preferably an epoxy fiberglass composite board, which is made of fiberglass and resin composite, and has extremely high rigidity, high strength, excellent weather resistance and flame retardancy. It can withstand strong medium-level stress and is lightweight; the sealing frame 3 is a vulcanized annular sealing frame that is sealed and fixed to the outside of the photovoltaic module 2, which can prevent side water seepage and dust ingress, and improve the overall encapsulation durability.

[0026] When the vehicle is parked or in motion, natural light shines through the light-transmitting and wear-resistant layer 25 onto the battery layer 24, completing the photoelectric conversion. The lower heat insulation layer 21 and the upper heat insulation layer 22 provide double-layer heat insulation protection, blocking the upward radiation of heat from the engine compartment and reducing the operating temperature of the photovoltaic module 2. When the vehicle is in motion, the front wind enters the heat dissipation channel, carrying away the heat generated in the engine compartment and suppressing high temperatures. The bumps and vibrations generated during driving are absorbed by the elastic upper heat insulation layer 22, preventing microcracks and damage to the battery cells inside the battery layer 24.

[0027] A further improvement is that it also includes a sealing component 5, which has a sealing position and a ventilation position. When the car is stopped, the sealing component 5 is located in the sealing position and the heat dissipation channel is sealed to one end of the car windshield. When the car is moving, the sealing component 5 is located in the ventilation position and is spaced apart from the heat dissipation channel.

[0028] Because the car hood is tilted, the end closer to the windshield is higher than the end further away from the windshield. Therefore, by setting the sealing component 5, when the car is stopped, the sealing component 5 seals the end of the heat dissipation channel closer to the windshield, preventing water and dust from entering the higher end of the heat dissipation channel. Although the lower end of the heat dissipation channel is open, its lower position makes it difficult for dust and water to enter the heat dissipation channel, ensuring the cleanliness of the inside of the heat dissipation channel. At the same time, the heat on the hood base 11 can also be dissipated through the end of the heat dissipation channel away from the windshield, achieving dust and water protection while facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation.

[0029] In order to enable the sealing assembly 5 to automatically adapt and adjust its working position according to the state of the car, switching to the ventilation working position when the car is moving and switching to the sealing working position when the car is stopped, in this embodiment, the sealing assembly 5 includes a sealing baffle 51 that is sealed and fitted to the top surface of the hood base 11 and slides along the length direction of the guide plate 12, and the sealing baffle 51 and the guide plate 12 are connected in a limiting manner.

[0030] With the above structure, since the hood base 11 of the car is installed on the engine compartment of the car and its overall setting is tilted, the length direction of the guide vane 12 is tilted relative to the horizontal plane. The end of the guide vane 12 near the windshield of the car is higher than the other end. This makes the sealing baffle 51 slide downward under the action of gravity when the car is stopped, thereby sealing the end of the heat conduction channel near the windshield of the car and preventing dust and water from entering the heat conduction channel when the car is stationary. When the car is moving, airflow is generated, thereby forming a front wind at the front of the car. The front wind flows upward along the heat dissipation channel and pushes the sealing baffle 51 to slide upward, so that there is a gap between the sealing baffle 51 and the heat dissipation channel, which makes it easy for the front wind to carry heat out from the gap. The gap width is limited by the limiting connection between the sealing baffle 51 and the guide vane 12, preventing the sealing baffle 51 from detaching from the top surface of the hood base 11.

[0031] In order to achieve the limiting connection between the sealing baffle 51 and the guide plate 12, in this embodiment, the two ends of the sealing baffle 51 are provided with sliding plates 52 that are in contact with the back of two of the guide plates 12. The sliding plate 52 and the corresponding guide plate 12 are provided with sliding protrusions 121 and strip openings 521 that are in sliding engagement. The strip openings 521 extend along the length direction of the guide plate 12 and are slidably disposed relative to the sliding protrusions 121.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, the two guide vanes 12 located at the end of the cover base 11 are respectively attached to the sliding plates 52 at both ends of the sealing baffle 51, and the contact surfaces are the opposite sides of the guide vanes 12 at both ends. The sliding protrusion 121 is disposed on the contact surface of the two guide vanes 12, and the strip-shaped opening 521 is disposed on the sliding plate 52. In this way, the limiting sliding connection between the sealing baffle 51 and the guide vane 12 is realized through the relative sliding and limiting connection between the strip-shaped opening 521 and the sliding protrusion 121.

[0033] A further improvement is that the battery layer 24 is an HJT heterojunction photovoltaic module, including array-distributed and independent photovoltaic subarrays 241.

[0034] Heterojunction photovoltaic modules have advantages such as excellent performance in low light, low temperature coefficient, low attenuation rate, and long life. In this embodiment, the HJT heterojunction photovoltaic module is divided into multiple independent photovoltaic sub-arrays 241. Each photovoltaic sub-array 241 is independently matched with one MPPT unit to reduce local shading power generation loss. The cables of the whole machine are concentrated inside the hinge of the cover and are hidden. With the help of the ring sealing frame 3, highly reliable waterproof and dustproof protection is achieved.

[0035] More specifically, in this embodiment, the battery layer 24 uses 110um ultra-thin heterojunction battery cells, which are evenly distributed along the base 11 of the cover, with a total installed power of 210W. Flexible interconnecting strips are used to adapt to curved surface deformation. When a local shadow appears on the top surface of the photovoltaic module 2, the shaded photovoltaic sub-array 241 works independently without affecting the normal power generation of the other photovoltaic sub-arrays 241, greatly reducing shadow mismatch loss. The electrical energy generated by each photovoltaic sub-array 241 is collected by the hidden waterproof wiring assembly and sent to the zoned intelligent power generation control module. After multi-channel MPPT tracking, voltage stabilization, and filtering, it is used to replenish the vehicle's battery storage according to the vehicle's BMS strategy, achieving energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0036] A further improvement is that a rotating arm 211 is fixed below the end of the lower heat insulation layer 21 near the windshield, and a rotating seat 111 is provided on the hood base 11, with the rotating arm 211 rotatably connected to the rotating seat 111.

[0037] The rotating arm 211 and the rotating seat 111 are integrally formed on the lower heat insulation layer 21 and the hood base 11, respectively, and are both arranged in pairs on both sides near the end of the car windshield. Since the lower heat insulation layer 21 in the photovoltaic module 2 is a rigid body, the ends of the two rotating arms 211 away from the lower heat insulation layer 21 are rotatably connected to the rotating seat 111 in a one-to-one correspondence, so as to achieve a stable rotational connection between the photovoltaic module 2 and the hood base 11.

[0038] More specifically, the top of the rotating base 111 is provided with a first circular hole, and the end of the rotating arm 211 away from the lower heat insulation layer 21 is provided with a second circular hole that is coaxial with the first circular hole and one end of the second circular hole is in contact with the first circular hole. The inner diameters of the first circular hole and the second circular hole are the same. A rotating screw 213 and a nut 214 are provided between the rotating base 111 and the rotating arm 211. The rotating screw 213 includes a round cap part, a round shaft part and a screw part connected in sequence along the coaxial line. The outer diameter of the screw part is smaller than the outer diameter of the round shaft part. The nut 214 is threaded onto the screw part. The outer diameter of the round shaft part is the same as the inner diameter of the first circular hole. The rotating arm 211 and the rotating base 111 are in contact between the round cap part and the nut 214 to realize the rotational connection between the photovoltaic module 2 and the cover base 11.

[0039] A further improvement is that a threaded tube 212 is provided at the end of the bottom surface of the lower heat insulation layer 21 away from the windshield, and a sealing cylinder 112 is fixedly inserted through the hood base 11. In the locked state, the threaded tube 212 is located inside the sealing cylinder 112, and the top surface of the sealing cylinder 112 is sealed to the lower heat insulation layer 21. The locking component 4 includes a locking bolt, the shank of which is threaded to the threaded tube 212, and the cap abuts against the side of the sealing cylinder 112 away from the lower heat insulation layer 21.

[0040] With the above structure, in the locked state, the top surface of the sealing cylinder 112 is sealed to the lower heat insulation layer 21, preventing external moisture from entering the engine compartment through the sealing cylinder 112 and affecting the operation of internal facilities. The shank of the locking bolt is threaded to the threaded tube 212, and its cap abuts against the side of the sealing cylinder 112 away from the lower heat insulation layer 21, so that the cap of the locking bolt is located below the hood base 11. When it is necessary to access the locked state, the hood base 11 must be opened upwards, otherwise the locking bolt cannot be turned. Therefore, on the one hand, it can prevent others other than the car user from releasing the locking state of the locking part 4. On the other hand, it can also ensure the flatness of the top surface of the hood in this embodiment, hiding the locking part 4 under the photovoltaic module 2, and avoiding affecting the overall appearance quality of the hood.

[0041] Second Embodiment

[0042] like Figures 9-13 As shown, a photovoltaic car hood according to the second embodiment of the present invention is based on the first embodiment, except that the top surface of the upper heat insulation layer 22 is provided with a guide groove 221 extending along the length direction of the photovoltaic module 2 and distributed along the width direction of the photovoltaic module 2. The width of the guide groove 221 is greater than the depth of the guide groove 221. The guide groove 221 and the adhesive film layer 23 enclose each other to form a guide channel. Both ends of the sealing frame 3 are provided with air holes 31. The guide channel is connected between the air holes 31 at both ends of the sealing frame 3. The sealing component 5 of the sealing position is sealed on the air hole 31 near the windshield of the car. The sealing component 5 of the ventilation position is spaced apart from the air hole 31.

[0043] Because the top surface of the elastic upper heat insulation layer 22 is provided with parallelly distributed guide grooves 221, the upper heat insulation layer 22 and the film layer 23 can be stacked and connected to form a guide channel. Combined with the vents 31 provided at both ends of the sealing frame 3, during vehicle operation, part of the airflow generated on the windward side dissipates heat and cools the hood substrate 11 through the heat dissipation channel, while another part of the airflow enters the guide channel from the vents 31 at the lower end of the sealing frame 3 (i.e., the end away from the windshield). This part of the airflow, after entering the guide channel, carries away the heat generated by the photovoltaic power generation of the battery layer 24, and then flows out from the vents 31 at the higher end of the sealing frame 3 (i.e., the end closer to the windshield), exiting through the gap between the sealing assembly 5 and the vents 31, thus completing the heat dissipation. This achieves cooling of the photovoltaic module 2. When the car is stationary, the sealing component 5 seals the upper air vent 31 to prevent external dust and water from entering the guide channel through the upper air vent 31 and affecting the normal operation of the photovoltaic module 2. The heat generated by the photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic module 2 can also be discharged through the air vent 31 at the bottom of the sealing frame 3 to achieve heat dissipation. Specifically, in the sealing position, the sealing baffle 51 covers the air vent 31 on the side of the sealing frame 3 near the windshield of the car. In the ventilation position, the sealing baffle 51 and the air vent 31 are spaced apart to facilitate the airflow generated by the windward side of the car to carry away the heat generated by the photovoltaic module 2 during the car's journey, further reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic module 2 and ensuring its high photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the upper heat insulation layer 22, due to the inclusion of the flow guide channel 221, reduces the amount of material required for production, thus lowering costs. Additionally, it enhances the elasticity of the upper heat insulation layer 22, further strengthening its buffering function and reducing the risk of microcracks in the battery cells within the battery layer 24. In this invention, the width of the flow guide channel 221 is greater than its depth. This is based on the limited thickness of the upper heat insulation layer 22. By increasing the width of the flow guide channel 221, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel is prevented from being too small, thus avoiding the situation where only a small amount of air passes through the photovoltaic module 2, and reducing the possibility of blockage within the flow channel.

[0045] A further improvement is that the vent 31 is a stepped vent, including an outer vent 312 extending to the outer edge of the sealing frame 3 and an inner vent 311 extending to the inner wall of the sealing frame 3. The cross-sectional dimension of the outer vent 312 is larger than that of the inner vent 311, and the orifice of the inner vent 311 is located inside the end of the flow channel.

[0046] With this design, the cross-sectional dimension of the outer hole 312 on the windward side is larger than that of the inner hole 311, which facilitates the reception of more airflow. This allows external air to enter the inner hole 311 through the outer hole 312 and then dissipate heat and cool down through the guide channel. On the other side, it facilitates the exhaust of airflow and avoids blockage caused by the small cross-sectional dimension of the air hole 31. The outer periphery of the opening of the inner hole 311 is consistent with the outer periphery of the end of the guide channel to ensure sealing and waterproofing, preventing water vapor from entering the battery layer 24 and affecting the operation of the photovoltaic module 2.

[0047] A further improvement is that the sealing frame 3 is provided with a cap 32 at both ends, which corresponds to the air hole 31. The cap 32 is located above the air hole 31.

[0048] By setting the brim 32, the air holes 31 at both ends can be protected from dust and water, preventing rainwater and dust from entering the guide channel through the air holes 31. In this embodiment, the top surface of the sealing baffle 51 is also in contact with the bottom surface of the brim 32 near the windshield of the car, supporting the brim 32 and enhancing the sealing performance of the sealing baffle 51 under the sealing position.

[0049] Compared to the first embodiment, the upper heat insulation layer 22 in this embodiment, due to the provided flow channel 221, not only enhances the elasticity function but also has the effect of ventilation and heat dissipation, which can further reduce the temperature of the battery layer 24 during operation and ensure the power generation stability under all operating conditions.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic car hood, installed above the engine compartment of a car, characterized in that, include: A hood unit includes a hood base and guide vanes extending along the length direction of the hood base and distributed along the width direction of the hood base; A photovoltaic module is rotated above the cover base with its rotation axis parallel to the width direction of the cover base. The length direction of the photovoltaic module is consistent with the length direction of the cover base, and the width direction is consistent with the width direction of the cover base. It includes a lower heat insulation layer, an upper heat insulation layer, an encapsulant layer, a battery layer, and a light-transmitting and wear-resistant layer that are stacked and connected sequentially from bottom to top. The lower heat insulation layer and the upper heat insulation layer are rigid and elastic heat insulation layers, respectively. A sealing frame is provided to seal and surround the photovoltaic module. A locking component is used to lock the photovoltaic module above the guide plate. In the locked state, the cover unit and the photovoltaic module enclose each other to form a heat dissipation channel extending along the length direction of the guide plate.

2. The photovoltaic car hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing assembly, which has a sealing position and a ventilation position. When the car is stopped, the sealing assembly is located in the sealing position and seals the end of the heat dissipation channel near the windshield of the car. When the car is moving, the sealing assembly is located in the ventilation position and is spaced apart from the heat dissipation channel.

3. The photovoltaic car hood according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing assembly includes a sealing baffle that is sealed and fitted to the top surface of the hood substrate and slides along the length of the guide plate, and the sealing baffle is limited to the guide plate.

4. The photovoltaic car hood according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing baffle is provided with sliding plates at both ends that are in contact with the back of two of the guide plates. The sliding plates and the corresponding guide plates are provided with sliding protrusions and strip-shaped openings that are slidably engaged. The strip-shaped openings extend along the length of the guide plates and are slidably disposed relative to the sliding protrusions.

5. The photovoltaic car hood according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the upper heat insulation layer is provided with a flow guide groove extending along the length direction of the photovoltaic module and distributed along the width direction of the photovoltaic module. The width of the flow guide groove is greater than the depth of the flow guide groove. The flow guide groove and the adhesive film layer enclose each other to form a flow guide channel. Both ends of the sealing frame are provided with air holes. The flow guide channel is connected between the air holes at both ends of the sealing frame. The sealing component of the sealing station is sealed and covered on the air hole near the windshield of the car. The sealing component of the ventilation station is spaced apart from the air hole.

6. The photovoltaic car hood according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vent is a stepped vent, comprising an outer hole extending to the outer circumferential edge of the sealing frame and an inner hole extending to the inner circumferential wall of the sealing frame. The cross-sectional dimension of the outer hole is larger than that of the inner hole, and the opening of the inner hole is located inside the end of the flow channel.

7. The photovoltaic car hood according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sealing frame is also provided with caps at both ends, which correspond one-to-one with the air holes, and the caps are located above the air holes.

8. The photovoltaic vehicle hood according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: A rotating arm is fixed below the end of the lower heat insulation layer near the windshield, and a rotating seat is provided on the hood base. The rotating arm is rotatably connected to the rotating seat.

9. The photovoltaic car hood according to claim 8, characterized in that: A threaded tube is provided at the end of the bottom surface of the lower heat insulation layer away from the windshield. A sealing cylinder is fixedly inserted through the hood base. In the locked state, the threaded tube is located inside the sealing cylinder. The top surface of the sealing cylinder is sealed to the lower heat insulation layer. The locking component includes a locking bolt. The shank of the locking bolt is threaded to the threaded tube, and the cap abuts against the side of the sealing cylinder away from the lower heat insulation layer.

10. The photovoltaic vehicle hood according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The battery layer is an HJT heterojunction photovoltaic module, which includes arrayed and independent photovoltaic sub-arrays.

Images