A built-in composite oil collecting machine for ships

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of oil collecting equipment, and discloses a marine built-in composite oil collector, which comprises a machine box, an oil collecting mechanism and an oil guiding assembly. The machine box is internally provided with an oil collecting cavity and an oil storage cavity. The oil collecting mechanism comprises a plurality of oil collecting discs which are coaxially and rotatably installed in the oil collecting cavity. Each of the oil collecting discs is sequentially provided with a light oil area and a heavy oil area along the radial direction from inside to outside. The radial width of the heavy oil area is smaller than that of the light oil area. The oil guiding assembly comprises a plurality of oil scraping pieces which are arranged at intervals with the oil collecting discs. Each of the oil scraping pieces comprises an oil scraping part and an oil guiding channel which is formed by the oil scraping part. The oil scraping part comprises a first oil scraping section and a second oil scraping section which correspond to the light oil area and the heavy oil area respectively. The oil guiding channel comprises a first channel and a second channel which are in communication with the first oil scraping section and the second oil scraping section respectively. The oil storage cavity comprises a light oil cavity and a heavy oil cavity which are in communication with the first channel and the second channel respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of oil skimming equipment, specifically relating to a marine built-in composite oil skimming machine. Background Technology

[0002] Oil skimmers are key equipment in ship oil spill emergency recovery and bilge oily wastewater treatment operations. Existing marine oil skimming equipment typically uses a single type of oil collection tray or adsorption belt for oil spill recovery, and then uses a single pump or parallel pump set to transport the collected oil-water mixture to an external storage device.

[0003] However, in actual sea conditions or bilge environments, oil spills are often unevenly distributed on the water surface. A thick, high-concentration oil slick typically exists on the surface, and after the slick is collected, a thin oil-water mixture remains underneath. Existing equipment cannot differentiate between oil layer thickness and concentration for separate collection, resulting in the indiscriminate mixing and collection of the thick slick and the thin oil-water mixture, increasing the difficulty of subsequent separation and processing. Furthermore, in the transportation stage, the lack of a differentiated transportation mechanism for oil-water mixtures of different concentrations often leads to difficulties in transporting high-concentration thick oil, and backflow or cavitation of low-concentration thin mixtures, severely impacting oil recovery efficiency and equipment operational stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a marine built-in composite oil skimmer.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A marine built-in composite oil skimmer includes: The chassis has an oil collection chamber and an oil storage chamber inside; The oil collection mechanism includes multiple oil collection discs coaxially rotatably installed in the oil collection chamber, and each oil collection disc is provided with a light oil zone and a heavy oil zone in a radial direction from the inside to the outside. An oil guiding assembly includes multiple oil scraping components arranged at intervals with multiple oil collection trays. Each oil scraping component includes an oil scraping part and an oil guiding channel formed by the oil scraping part. The oil scraping part includes a first oil scraping section and a second oil scraping section corresponding to the light oil area and the heavy oil area, respectively. The oil guiding channel includes a first channel and a second channel that are respectively connected to the first oil scraping section and the second oil scraping section. An oil pump is installed in the oil storage chamber; the oil storage chamber includes a light oil chamber and a heavy oil chamber that are respectively connected to the first channel and the second channel; the oil pump includes two sets of oil delivery components that are respectively corresponding to the light oil chamber and the heavy oil chamber, and the two sets of oil delivery components are connected by a speed change mechanism so that the two sets of oil delivery components can run at the same speed or at a different speed. The area of ​​the heavy oil zone is smaller than the area of ​​the light oil zone; under differential operation, the oil delivery speed of the light oil chamber is greater than the oil delivery speed of the heavy oil chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the light oil zone is provided with a first oil collecting trough, and the heavy oil zone is provided with a second oil collecting trough; the depth of the first oil collecting trough is less than the depth of the second oil collecting trough, and the density of the first oil collecting trough is greater than the density of the second oil collecting trough; the first oil scraping section includes a first scraping tooth extending into the first oil collecting trough, and the second oil scraping section includes a second scraping tooth extending into the second oil collecting trough.

[0007] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the oil scraper is U-shaped, and the oil guiding channel is disposed in the U-shaped groove of the oil scraper; the U-shaped groove is also provided with a V-shaped partition plate, the two ends of the partition plate being the oil inlet section of the first channel and the oil outlet section of the second channel, respectively, the oil inlet section of the second channel is formed in the V-shaped groove of the partition plate, and the oil outlet section of the first channel is formed between the outer side wall of the partition plate and the inner side wall of the oil scraper.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the partition plate is provided with a first end plate that closes the V-shaped groove, and the other end is provided with a second end plate that seals and connects the outer wall of the partition plate with the inner wall of the oil scraper; the first end plate and the second end plate cooperate to isolate the first channel and the second channel within the oil scraper.

[0009] Preferably, the oil guiding assembly further includes a mounting plate for mounting the oil scraper; the mounting plate is provided with a through hole for the oil collecting disc to pass through.

[0010] Preferably, the oil delivery assembly includes a driving gear and a driven gear that mesh with each other; the speed change mechanism drives and connects the driving gears of the two oil delivery assemblies.

[0011] Preferably, the two sets of oil delivery components are coaxially assembled, and the transmission mechanism includes a coaxially nested inner drive shaft and an outer drive sleeve; the inner drive shaft drives the drive gear of the oil delivery component corresponding to the light oil chamber, and the outer drive sleeve drives the drive gear of the oil delivery component corresponding to the heavy oil chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission mechanism further includes a sun gear, planetary gears, and a ring gear. The sun gear is coaxially fixed with the inner drive shaft, the planetary gears are fixed with the outer drive sleeve via a planet carrier, and the planet carrier is connected to the drive motor for transmission.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission mechanism further includes a permanent magnet positioning element slidably disposed on the gear ring along the axial direction, and an electromagnetic positioning element for driving the permanent magnet positioning element to move axially; the permanent magnet positioning element has a first transmission position and a second transmission position on its axial movement path; when the permanent magnet positioning element moves axially to the first transmission position, the permanent magnet positioning element abuts against the electromagnetic positioning element or the housing of the transmission mechanism to restrict the rotation of the gear ring; when the permanent magnet positioning element moves axially to the second transmission position, the permanent magnet positioning element abuts against the planetary carrier to allow the gear ring to rotate synchronously with the planetary carrier.

[0014] Preferably, the permanent magnet positioning component includes a plurality of slide rods that slide axially through the gear ring and two limiting rings arranged opposite each other; the plurality of slide rods are evenly fixed between the two limiting rings in the circumferential direction.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The present invention provides a marine built-in composite oil collector, which sets up radially distributed light oil zone and heavy oil zone on the oil collection plate, and cooperates with independent first channel and second channel in the oil guiding component, thereby realizing source diversion of oil layers with different concentrations in structure; wherein, the heavy oil zone is located on the radial outer side to adapt to the high concentration of thick floating oil on the liquid surface and increase the thick oil adsorption volume, and the light oil zone is located on the radial inner side to adapt to the thin oil-water mixture layer remaining after the thick floating oil is adsorbed; at the same time, the two sets of oil conveying components are driven by the speed change mechanism, so that the light oil chamber can match the large amount of oil collected by the large area of ​​light oil zone with a higher flow rate, while the heavy oil chamber reduces the suction resistance and driving torque of high concentration thick oil with a lower flow rate, thereby effectively realizing the coordinated matching of the collection end and the conveying end.

[0016] (2) In this invention, by differentiating the depth and density of the oil collection tank, the heavy oil zone increases the attachment volume of high-concentration thick floating oil by using the deep tank and prevents the thick oil from slipping off during rotation; while the light oil zone quickly captures the oil film in the thin oil-water mixture layer by using the high-density shallow tank, further improving the oil pollution treatment effect of the zoned collection.

[0017] (3) In this invention, the combination of U-shaped groove and V-shaped partition plate is used to construct a spatially intersecting but fluidly isolated double flow channel inside a single oil scraper, which not only ensures the compactness of the structure, but also avoids secondary mixing of the collected liquid of different concentration oil layers during the oil guiding process.

[0018] (4) In this invention, a coaxial dual-output speed transmission structure based on a planetary gear system is set up, wherein the inner drive shaft and the outer drive sleeve are nested together, thereby realizing the independent transmission of two power sources in a limited space, thereby ensuring the stable operation of differential transmission; in addition, by electromagnetically controlling the axial displacement of the permanent magnet positioning component, the constraint state of the gear ring is changed, thereby realizing the automatic switching of the speed transmission mechanism between the same speed and differential speed modes without adding an extra motor. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the oil collecting mechanism and the oil guiding component in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the oil collection tray in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the oil scraper component in this invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the oil scraper in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate in this invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the oil pump structure in this invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the speed change mechanism in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the planetary gear and the planet carrier in this invention; Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the assembly structure of the gear ring and the permanent magnet positioning component in this invention; In the diagram: 1. Chassis; 2. Oil collection mechanism; 201. Oil collection tray; 202. Heavy oil zone; 203. Light oil zone; 3. Oil guide assembly; 301. Oil scraper; 302. First channel; 303. Second channel; 304. Divider plate; 305. First end plate; 306. Second end plate; 307. Mounting plate; 308. Through hole; 309. Oil pump; 4. Oil delivery assembly; 410. Drive gear; 411. Driven gear; 412. Transmission mechanism; 420. Inner drive shaft; 421. Outer drive sleeve; 422. Sun gear; 423. Planetary gear; 424. Gear ring; 425. Planetary carrier; 426. Permanent magnet positioning component; 427. Electromagnetic positioning component; 428. Slide rod; 401. Limiting ring; 402. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes and to aid those skilled in the art, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of the invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effects and objectives of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of implementation. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention provides a marine built-in composite oil skimmer, comprising a housing 1, an oil collecting mechanism 2, an oil guiding assembly 3, and an oil pump 4. Specifically, the housing 1 has an oil collecting chamber and an oil storage chamber inside; the oil collecting mechanism 2 is installed in the oil collecting chamber to absorb and collect oil sludge; the oil guiding assembly 3 is disposed between the oil collecting chamber and the oil storage chamber, for scraping off the oil sludge absorbed and collected by the oil collecting mechanism 2, and guiding the scraped oil sludge into the oil storage chamber; the oil pump 4 is installed in the oil storage chamber, for discharging the oil sludge stored in the oil storage chamber to the outside of the machine body.

[0022] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the chassis 1 is usually made of corrosion-resistant metal material and has a rectangular box structure. The bottom can be equipped with support legs to adapt to the installation environment of the ship's deck or bottom. The top is open to form an oil collection chamber, and the side walls or bottom closed areas constitute an oil storage chamber.

[0023] In one specific embodiment, the oil collecting mechanism 2 includes a plurality of oil collecting discs 201 coaxially rotatably mounted within the oil collecting chamber; as shown Figure 4 As shown, each of the oil collecting discs 201 is provided with a light oil zone 203 and a heavy oil zone 202 in a radial direction from the inside to the outside. In this embodiment, the oil collecting disc 201 is preferably an annular disc made of an oleophilic material, and multiple discs are arranged at intervals along the axial direction to form a cylindrical adsorption array; wherein, the area of ​​the heavy oil zone 202 is smaller than the area of ​​the light oil zone 203.

[0024] Specifically, when the oil collection plate 201 rotates past the liquid surface, the outer radial side first contacts the high-concentration thick floating oil on the surface of the liquid. Therefore, the heavy oil zone 202 is set on the outer radial side (accounting for about 1 / 4 of the outer side of the plate), and the thick oil adsorption volume is increased by the deep groove structure to prevent the thick floating oil from sliding back into the water due to gravity or centrifugal force during rotation. On the inner radial side (accounting for about 2 / 4 of the inner side of the plate), after the thick floating oil is adsorbed by the outer side, it mainly contacts the residual thin oil-water mixture layer. Therefore, the light oil zone 203 is set on the inner radial side, and a wider adsorption band ensures the capture flux of a large area of ​​thin oil film.

[0025] In one implementation, the light oil zone 203 is provided with a first oil collecting trough, and the heavy oil zone 202 is provided with a second oil collecting trough. Specifically, the depth of the first oil collecting trough is less than the depth of the second oil collecting trough, and the density of the first oil collecting trough is greater than the density of the second oil collecting trough. Specifically, density refers to the number or spacing of oil collecting troughs per unit radial width or unit surface area, and depth refers to the vertical indentation distance of the trough bottom surface relative to the reference surface of the oil collecting plate 201. The heavy oil zone 202 is located on the radially outer side, and it is the first to contact the high-concentration thick floating oil on the liquid surface. The thick floating oil layer is thick and has a large amount of adhesion. If the oil collection tank is too shallow, it cannot provide enough volume, which will cause the thick oil to slide back into the water due to centrifugal force or gravity during rotation. Therefore, a deep tank structure is adopted to increase the oil storage volume of a single tank. At the same time, with a low distribution density, it ensures the effective attachment and storage of the thick floating oil, and avoids excessive oil scraping resistance or oil pushing blockage caused by excessively dense tank texture. Conversely, the light oil zone 203 is located on the radially inner side. After the thick floating oil is adsorbed on the outer side, it mainly contacts the residual thin oil-water mixture layer. This layer exists in the form of a micron-sized film. If the tank is too deep, it is easy to bring in a large amount of water. Therefore, a shallow tank design is adopted to meet the oil film containment requirements and suppress water phase entrainment. At the same time, the high-density arrangement increases the adsorption points and oil scraping contact frequency per unit area, thereby significantly improving the capture flux of large-area thin oil film.

[0026] In one specific embodiment, the oil guiding assembly 3 includes a plurality of oil scraping elements 301 arranged at intervals from the plurality of oil collecting discs 201; such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, each of the oil scraping components 301 includes an oil scraping section 302 and an oil guiding channel formed by the oil scraping section 302. The oil scraping section 302 includes a first oil scraping segment and a second oil scraping segment corresponding to the light oil zone 203 and the heavy oil zone 202, respectively. The oil guiding channel includes a first channel 303 and a second channel 304 communicating with the first oil scraping segment and the second oil scraping segment, respectively. Specifically, the first oil scraping segment includes a first scraping tooth extending into the first oil collecting groove, and the second oil scraping segment includes a second scraping tooth extending into the second oil collecting groove. Specifically, when the oil collecting disc 201 rotates past the oil scraping component 301, the first oil scraping segment peels off the thin oil-water mixture layer film on the surface of the light oil zone 203 through the first scraping tooth and guides it into the first channel 303; the second oil scraping segment peels off the high-concentration thick floating oil on the surface of the heavy oil zone 202 through the second scraping tooth and guides it into the second channel 304.

[0027] In one embodiment, the oil scraper 301 has a U-shaped cross-section, and the oil guiding channel is disposed within the U-shaped groove of the oil scraper 301. Specifically, as... Figures 5-7 As shown, the main body of the oil scraper 301 is formed by two side walls and the bottom to form an open U-shaped groove structure. On this basis, a V-shaped partition plate 305 is also provided in the U-shaped groove. The two ends of the partition plate 305 are the oil inlet section of the first channel 303 and the oil outlet section of the second channel 304, respectively. The oil inlet section of the second channel 304 is formed in the V-shaped groove of the partition plate 305, and the oil outlet section of the first channel 303 is formed between the outer side wall of the partition plate 305 and the inner side wall of the oil scraper 301. When the oil collecting tray 201 rotates, the light oil scraped off by the first scraping section first enters the oil inlet section of the first channel 303 in the U-shaped groove, and then flows along the narrow space between the outer wall of the partition plate 305 and the inner wall of the U-shaped groove. This space is the oil outlet section of the first channel 303, and the light oil is finally discharged from the end of this section (the oil outlet is opened at the bottom of the scraper 301). At the same time, the heavy oil scraped off by the second scraping section is guided into the V-shaped groove formed by the bending of the partition plate 305 itself. This V-shaped groove constitutes the oil inlet section of the second channel 304. The heavy oil flows downward along the V-shaped groove and flows out from the oil outlet section of the second channel 304 (the outlet end of the scraper 301). It should be understood that although this embodiment shows that the partition plate 305 has a symmetrical V-shaped shape, in other embodiments, the partition plate may also adopt an asymmetrical V-shaped, arc-shaped, or stepped structure.

[0028] Furthermore, one end of the partition plate 305 is provided with a first end plate 306 that closes the V-shaped groove, and the other end is provided with a second end plate 307 that seals the outer wall of the partition plate 305 and the inner wall of the oil scraper 301. The first end plate 306 and the second end plate 307 cooperate to isolate the first channel 303 and the second channel 304 within the oil scraper 301. In specific assembly, the first end plate 306 is located on the side of the oil scraper 301 near the center of the oil collection tray 201, and its shape precisely fits the end face contour of the V-shaped groove. This end of the V-shaped groove is completely sealed by welding or integral casting to prevent light oil from seeping into the heavy oil channel from this side. The second end plate 307 is located on the side of the oil scraper 301 away from the center, and its edges are seamlessly sealed to the outer side of the partition plate 305 and the inner wall of the U-shaped groove, thereby blocking the path of heavy oil leakage into the light oil channel. It should be understood that the connection method of the end plates is not limited to welding, but can also be achieved by gluing, riveting, or interference fit.

[0029] Furthermore, to ensure the accuracy of the relative position between the oil scraper 301 and the oil collection tray 201, the oil guiding assembly 3 also includes a mounting plate 308 for mounting the oil scraper 301; the mounting plate 308 is provided with a through hole 309 for the oil collection tray 201 to pass through. Figure 7 As shown, the mounting plate 308 is usually in the form of an L-shaped bent structure or a frame structure, spanning above the oil collection mechanism 2. Multiple oil scraping parts 301 are fixed on the mounting plate 308 at predetermined intervals. The shape of the through hole 309 is adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the oil collection plate 201, and when the oil collection plate 201 passes through the through hole 309, the inner wall of the through hole 309 does not contact the surface of the oil collection plate 201.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, the oil storage chamber includes a light oil chamber and a heavy oil chamber that are respectively connected to the first channel 303 and the second channel 304. The oil pump 4 includes two sets of oil delivery components 410 corresponding to the light oil chamber and the heavy oil chamber, respectively. The two sets of oil delivery components 410 are connected by a transmission mechanism 420 to enable the two sets of oil delivery components 410 to operate at the same speed or at a different speed. Specifically, the area of ​​the heavy oil zone 202 is smaller than the area of ​​the light oil zone 203; under the differential operation, the oil delivery speed of the light oil chamber is greater than the oil delivery speed of the heavy oil chamber.

[0031] Specifically, the heavy oil chamber collects high-concentration, thick floating oil, which has high viscosity and high flow resistance. Excessive rotational speed can lead to increased suction resistance and excessive driving torque, easily causing pump overload. Therefore, a lower delivery speed is required to reduce suction resistance and driving torque. Conversely, the light oil chamber collects a thin oil-water mixture, which has high water content, low viscosity, and good fluidity. Higher rotational speeds are allowed to achieve a larger flow rate. Furthermore, because the radial area of ​​the light oil zone is larger than that of the heavy oil zone, the amount of thin oil adsorbed is greater than that of thick oil, requiring a higher delivery speed to match the larger collection volume. The differential speed operation is ensured by the speed-changing mechanism 420, enabling the equipment to simultaneously meet the optimal delivery conditions for the two different concentration oil layers under a single power source, significantly improving the equipment's adaptability and operational reliability in complex sea conditions or bilge environments.

[0032] In one embodiment, the oil delivery assembly 410 includes a driving gear 411 and a driven gear 412 that mesh with each other, and the transmission mechanism 420 drives and connects the driving gears 411 of the two oil delivery assemblies 410. Specifically, as... Figure 8 As shown, each oil delivery assembly 410 adopts a gear pump structure. The drive gear 411 and the driven gear 412 form a closed volume cavity through precise meshing. The volume change generated by the rotation of the gears is used to realize the intake and discharge of oil.

[0033] In one embodiment, the two sets of oil delivery components 410 are coaxially assembled. The transmission mechanism 420 includes a coaxially nested inner drive shaft 421 and outer drive sleeve 422, as well as a sun gear 423, planetary gears 424, and a ring gear 425. The sun gear 423 is coaxially fixed to the inner drive shaft 421, and the planetary gear 424 is fixed to the outer drive sleeve 422 via a planet carrier 426, which is connected to the drive motor. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the drive motor is input to the planetary carrier 426 as a single power source, driving the planetary gear 424 to revolve around the sun gear 423. According to the kinematic characteristics of the planetary gear system, when the ring gear 425 is constrained and fixed, the input motion of the planetary carrier 426 will be decomposed into different speed outputs of the sun gear 423 and the planetary gear 424 (which in turn drive the planetary carrier 426 itself and the outer drive sleeve 422), thereby realizing differential speed operation with a fixed differential speed ratio between the inner drive shaft 421 and the outer drive sleeve 422. When the ring gear 425 is released and rotates synchronously with the planetary carrier 426, the entire gear system is locked as one, and the inner drive shaft 421 and the outer drive sleeve 422 will output at the same speed, realizing the same speed operation mode. Therefore, it is not necessary to configure independent motors for the two oil pumps, which reduces the complexity and cost of the electrical control system and ensures the synchronization and coordination of the output of the two pumps.

[0034] Furthermore, the inner drive shaft 421 drives the drive gear 411 of the oil delivery assembly 410 corresponding to the light oil chamber, and the outer drive sleeve 422 drives the drive gear 411 of the oil delivery assembly 410 corresponding to the heavy oil chamber. Specifically, since the light oil chamber collects a low-viscosity, thin oil-water mixture and has a large collection volume (the radial area of ​​the light oil zone is larger than that of the heavy oil zone), it requires a higher rotational speed to obtain a larger flow rate, so it is assigned to the rapidly output inner drive shaft 421; while the heavy oil chamber collects a high-viscosity, high-concentration, thick floating oil and has a smaller collection volume, it requires a lower rotational speed to reduce suction resistance and driving torque, so it is assigned to the outer drive sleeve 422, which has higher structural rigidity and stronger load-bearing capacity.

[0035] In one embodiment, the transmission mechanism 420 further includes a permanent magnet positioning element 427 slidably disposed on the gear ring 425 along the axial direction, and an electromagnetic positioning element 428 for driving the permanent magnet positioning element 427 to move axially; specifically, as Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, the permanent magnet positioning component 427, as the actuator for switching speed modes, is not simply sleeved on the outer periphery of the gear ring 425, but forms a circumferentially fixed and axially movable connection with the gear ring 425 through a specific guide structure; the electromagnetic positioning component 428 is fixedly installed on the housing or end cover of the speed change mechanism 420, and serves as an active drive source, using electromagnetic force to overcome friction or spring force to precisely control the axial displacement of the permanent magnet positioning component 427.

[0036] On the axial movement path of the permanent magnet positioning component 427, there are a first speed-changing position and a second speed-changing position. When the permanent magnet positioning component 427 moves axially to the first speed-changing position, it abuts against the outer shell of the electromagnetic positioning component 428 or the speed-changing mechanism 420 to restrict the rotation of the gear ring 425. In this state, a rigid or friction braking connection is formed between the permanent magnet positioning component 427 and the stationary outer shell or electromagnetic positioning component 428, forcing the gear ring 425 to remain fixed. According to the kinematic principle of planetary gear system, the locking of the gear ring 425 forces the power input to the planet carrier 426 to be decomposed, and a differential output is formed between the sun gear 423 (connected to the inner drive shaft 421) and the planet carrier 426 (connected to the outer drive sleeve 422), thereby realizing the differential operation of the light oil transportation component and the heavy oil transportation component.

[0037] Conversely, when the permanent magnet positioning component 427 moves axially to the second speed-changing position, it abuts against the planetary carrier 426, allowing the gear ring 425 to rotate synchronously with the planetary carrier 426. In this state, the permanent magnet positioning component 427 locks the gear ring 425 and the planetary carrier 426 together through friction braking; since the planetary carrier 426 is the power input end, the gear ring 425 is forced to rotate at the same speed as it, causing the entire planetary gear train to rotate synchronously as a whole. At this time, the output speeds of the inner drive shaft 421 and the outer drive sleeve 422 are equal, and the two sets of oil delivery components 410 enter the same-speed operation mode. This mode is suitable for conditions where the oil concentration on the sea surface is relatively uniform or the oil-water mixture has a high degree of emulsification and small concentration differences, or for use during the equipment start-up and preheating stage to avoid unnecessary mechanical wear.

[0038] It should be understood that the term "contact" in this application should be interpreted broadly, including both direct contact between metal surfaces and indirect torque transmission achieved through intermediate media such as friction plates and damping pads, as long as it can achieve constraint or synchronization of relative motion.

[0039] To ensure the smoothness and reliability of the gear shifting process, the permanent magnet positioning component 427 preferably includes multiple slide rods 401 that slide axially through the gear ring 425 and two opposing limiting rings 402; the multiple slide rods 401 are evenly fixed between the two limiting rings 402 circumferentially. Figure 11 As shown, the slide rod 401 and the limiting ring 402 together form a rigid cage-like skeleton structure. The gear ring 425 has axial guide holes corresponding to the number and position of the slide rods 401. The slide rods 401 pass through these guide holes, which not only restrict the circumferential rotation of the permanent magnet positioning component 427 relative to the gear ring 425, but also provide multi-point support and guidance for its axial sliding. This effectively prevents the permanent magnet positioning component 427 from jamming or wearing unevenly when rotating at high speed or subjected to large axial electromagnetic attraction. Simultaneously, the two limiting rings 402 also serve as axial limiters, preventing the slide rods 401 from dislodging from the gear ring 425 and ensuring the structural integrity of the shifting actuator. It should be understood that although the figure shows the slide rod 401 as a cylindrical smooth rod, in other embodiments, the slide rod can also adopt a rectangular cross-section, have ball bearing bushings, or be coated with a friction-reducing coating to further reduce sliding friction resistance and improve the sensitivity of the shifting response.

[0040] In summary, the oil collector of this application, through the coordinated operation of radial partitioning of the oil collection plate and the dual-channel flow of the oil guiding component, separates and collects thick floating oil and thin oil-water mixtures at the source based on the differences in oil layer thickness and concentration, avoiding the subsequent processing difficulties caused by mixed collection. At the same time, the use of a variable speed mechanism to couple two sets of oil conveying components allows the light oil conveying speed and heavy oil conveying speed to be differentiated according to the oil layer concentration characteristics, effectively solving the problems of high suction resistance of high-concentration thick oil and insufficient conveying volume of low-concentration thin mixtures in traditional single-speed conveying, significantly improving the overall oil collection efficiency and equipment operation reliability in complex oil layer distribution environments.

[0041] In the description of this invention, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0042] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A marine built-in composite oil skimmer, characterized in that, include: The chassis (1) has an oil collecting chamber and an oil storage chamber inside; The oil collection mechanism (2) includes multiple oil collection discs (201) coaxially rotatably installed in the oil collection cavity. Each oil collection disc (201) is provided with a light oil zone (203) and a heavy oil zone (202) in a radial direction from the inside to the outside. The oil guiding assembly (3) includes a plurality of oil scraping elements (301) spaced apart from a plurality of oil collecting plates (201). Each of the oil scraping elements (301) includes an oil scraping section (302) and an oil guiding channel formed by the oil scraping section (302). The oil scraping section (302) includes a first oil scraping segment and a second oil scraping segment corresponding to the light oil zone (203) and the heavy oil zone (202) respectively. The oil guiding channel includes a first channel (303) and a second channel (304) respectively connected to the first oil scraping segment and the second oil scraping segment. An oil pump (4) is installed in the oil storage chamber. The oil storage chamber includes a light oil chamber and a heavy oil chamber that are respectively connected to the first channel (303) and the second channel (304). The oil pump (4) includes two sets of oil delivery components (410) corresponding to the light oil chamber and the heavy oil chamber respectively. The two sets of oil delivery components (410) are connected by a transmission mechanism (420) so that the two sets of oil delivery components (410) can run at the same speed or at a different speed. The area of ​​the heavy oil zone (202) is smaller than the area of ​​the light oil zone (203); under the differential operation, the oil delivery speed of the light oil chamber is greater than the oil delivery speed of the heavy oil chamber.

2. The marine built-in composite oil skimmer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light oil zone (203) is provided with a first oil collection tank, and the heavy oil zone (202) is provided with a second oil collection tank; The depth of the first oil collecting trough is less than the depth of the second oil collecting trough, and the density of the first oil collecting trough is greater than the density of the second oil collecting trough; the first oil scraping section includes a first scraping tooth extending into the first oil collecting trough, and the second oil scraping section includes a second scraping tooth extending into the second oil collecting trough.

3. A marine built-in composite oil skimmer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the oil scraper (301) is U-shaped, and the oil guiding channel is disposed in the U-shaped groove of the oil scraper (301); The U-shaped groove is also provided with a V-shaped partition plate (305). The two ends of the partition plate (305) are the oil inlet section of the first channel (303) and the oil outlet section of the second channel (304), respectively. The oil inlet section of the second channel (304) is formed in the V-shaped groove of the partition plate (305). The oil outlet section of the first channel (303) is formed between the outer wall of the partition plate (305) and the inner wall of the oil scraper (301).

4. A marine built-in composite oil skimmer according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the partition plate (305) is provided with a first end plate (306) that closes the V-shaped groove, and the other end is provided with a second end plate (307) that seals and connects the outer wall of the partition plate (305) and the inner wall of the oil scraper (301); the first end plate (306) and the second end plate (307) cooperate to isolate the first channel (303) and the second channel (304) in the oil scraper (301).

5. A marine built-in composite oil skimmer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil guiding assembly (3) further includes a mounting plate (308) for mounting the oil scraper (301); the mounting plate (308) is provided with a through hole (309) through which the oil collecting plate (201) passes.

6. A marine built-in composite oil skimmer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil delivery assembly (410) includes a driving gear (411) and a driven gear (412) that mesh with each other. The transmission mechanism (420) is connected to the drive gear (411) of the two sets of oil delivery assemblies (410).

7. A marine built-in composite oil skimmer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two sets of oil delivery components (410) are coaxially assembled, and the speed change mechanism (420) includes a coaxially nested inner drive shaft (421) and an outer drive sleeve (422). The inner drive shaft (421) drives the drive gear (411) of the oil delivery assembly (410) corresponding to the light oil chamber, and the outer drive sleeve (422) drives the drive gear (411) of the oil delivery assembly (410) corresponding to the heavy oil chamber.

8. A marine built-in composite oil skimmer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (420) further includes a sun gear (423), a planetary gear (424) and a gear ring (425). The sun gear (423) is coaxially fixed with the inner drive shaft (421). The planetary gear (424) is fixed with the outer drive sleeve (422) through a planet carrier (426), and the planet carrier (426) is connected to the drive motor for transmission.

9. A marine built-in composite oil skimmer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The speed change mechanism (420) further includes a permanent magnet positioning element (427) that is slidably disposed on the gear ring (425) along the axial direction, and an electromagnetic positioning element (428) that drives the permanent magnet positioning element (427) to move axially. On the axial movement path of the permanent magnet positioning component (427), there is a first speed change position and a second speed change position; when the permanent magnet positioning component (427) moves axially to the first speed change position, the permanent magnet positioning component (427) abuts against the outer shell of the electromagnetic positioning component (428) or the speed change mechanism (420) to restrict the rotation of the gear ring (425); when the permanent magnet positioning component (427) moves axially to the second speed change position, the permanent magnet positioning component (427) abuts against the planetary carrier (426) to allow the gear ring (425) to rotate synchronously with the planetary carrier (426).

10. A marine built-in composite oil skimmer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The permanent magnet positioning component (427) includes a plurality of slide rods (401) that slide axially through the gear ring (425) and two limiting rings (402) that are arranged opposite to each other; the plurality of slide rods (401) are evenly fixed between the two limiting rings (402) in the circumferential direction.

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