Automobile parts conveyor

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of conveyors, and particularly relates to a kind of automobile parts conveyors.The technical scheme includes frame, conveying structure, linkage structure, self-positioning structure, guide structure and stable sending structure, the conveying structure includes conveying frame and conveying belt;The self-positioning structure includes oppositely distributed upper tooth plate and lower tooth plate, the upper tooth plate both ends are provided with clamping rod, the clamping rod opposite end is provided with clamping block;The stable sending structure includes pump shell and center cover, the pump shell is fixed in the rear side of the frame, the suction end of the pump shell is communicated with the center cover.The present application adopts single-power linkage design, integrates conveying, negative pressure adsorption, self-adaptive tensioning, flexible guiding and intermittent positioning clamping, greatly reduces independent power and power equipment, reduces energy consumption and operation and maintenance cost, mechanical synchronous action is stable and reliable, avoids workpiece deviation, stacking and positioning error, improves visual detection and assembly precision, adapts to small automobile parts efficient continuous production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle parts conveying technology, and more particularly to an automotive parts conveyor. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of intelligent manufacturing for electric vehicles, efficient component transfer is a key factor in ensuring assembly line capacity. Automotive wiring harness terminals are small, precision metal components, compact in size and lightweight. During component mass production and wiring harness assembly, small conveyors are used for transport, coupled with negative pressure airflow for fixation, preventing displacement and stacking during transport. Visual inspection of appearance defects, aperture, and shape variations is simultaneously performed at the conveyor station to screen out defective products. At the same time, the crimping pre-assembly of terminals and insulating sleeves is completed online, relying on stable airflow to ensure accurate positioning of small parts, improving assembly precision and inspection efficiency.

[0003] In the integrated production process of conveying, inspecting, and assembling small automotive parts, thin and miniature parts are prone to slippage, misalignment, and stacking. Existing production lines generally incorporate guiding structures, clamping structures, and airflow adsorption structures to ensure visual inspection accuracy and defect screening. However, these three types of structures require independent power sources and drive electrical equipment, resulting in a large overall power load and complex equipment layout. Furthermore, the operation of multiple independent mechanisms is highly dependent on the unified control system, with stringent requirements for equipment synchronization. This not only significantly increases the costs of equipment procurement, maintenance, and modification, but also easily leads to signal delays, movement misalignments, and decreased stability of mechanism coordination under long-term operating conditions. This can easily cause part positioning deviations, inspection errors, and poor assembly, making it difficult to meet the stable and efficient requirements of continuous, precision production of small parts. Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided an automotive parts conveyor to solve the problems mentioned in the background. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background art by proposing an automotive parts conveyor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automotive parts conveyor, comprising a frame, a conveying structure, a linkage structure, a self-positioning structure, a guiding structure, and a stabilizing structure. The conveying structure includes a conveyor frame and a conveyor belt. Conveying rollers are rotatably installed inside both ends of the conveyor frame. The conveyor belt is sleeved on the outer wall of the conveyor rollers. The conveyor belt has equally spaced adsorption holes inside. The self-positioning structure is located on one side above the conveying structure. The self-positioning structure includes an upper toothed plate and a lower toothed plate that are distributed opposite each other. Both ends of the upper toothed plate are provided with clamping rods, and each clamping rod is provided with a clamping block at one opposite end. The conveying structure includes a pump casing and a central cover. The pump casing is fixed to the rear side of the frame. The suction end of the pump casing is connected to the central cover. The central cover is located inside the conveyor belt and is in contact with the upper inner wall of the conveyor belt. The guiding structure includes a guide frame and a guide plate.

[0006] Preferably, a base frame is provided inside the lower end of the frame, and a support frame is provided above the base frame. A tension roller that rotatably mounts against the inner wall of the lower end of the conveyor belt is mounted inside the upper end of the support frame. Upper support rollers, evenly distributed and attached to the inner wall of the upper end of the conveyor belt, are rotatably mounted inside the upper end of the center cover. The tension rollers rotatably mounted inside the support frame elastically press the conveyor belt to prevent it from loosening during transport, while the upper support rollers provide rolling support to the inner wall of the upper end of the conveyor belt.

[0007] Preferably, the upper end of the base frame is provided with symmetrically distributed compression springs that connect to the inner wall of the lower end of the support frame, and the lower end of the support frame is provided with symmetrically distributed positioning rods that are slidably installed inside the base frame and located inside the compression springs. The compression springs provide elastic support to the support frame, allowing the tension roller to adaptively adjust its tension according to the conveyor belt's conveying conditions. The positioning rods slide inside the compression springs to prevent the compression springs from shifting outwards.

[0008] Preferably, the guide frame is arched and sleeved on the outside of the conveyor frame. The guide plate has a guide groove inside that slides onto the outer wall of the guide frame. One end of the guide plate is flared and suspended above the conveyor belt on both sides. The guide plate guides the automotive parts conveyed on the conveyor belt. The guide plate slides on the outer wall of the guide frame through the guide groove, thus obtaining sliding support.

[0009] Preferably, a second spring is provided between the guide plate and the guide frame, and a second positioning rod is provided at one end of the guide plate, which is slidably installed inside the guide frame and located inside the second spring. When the guide plate is pushed, it will pull the second spring. The second spring helps the guide plate to return to its original position after being squeezed. The second positioning rod slides inside the second spring to prevent the second spring from shifting.

[0010] Preferably, the linkage structure includes a motor, a driven shaft, a rotating shaft, and a rectangular frame. The motor has an output shaft one and an output shaft two at its two ends. An impeller, rotatably mounted inside the pump casing, is sleeved on the outer wall of output shaft one. A transmission box is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of both output shaft two and driven shaft one. A universal joint is provided inside the transmission box to connect the two output shafts and driven shaft one. The motor drives output shaft one and output shaft two to rotate. When output shaft one rotates, it drives the impeller to rotate inside the pump casing, thereby generating suction force inside the pump casing.

[0011] Preferably, a bearing bracket is provided at the upper end of the frame. One end of both the driven shaft and the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the bearing bracket. A drive wheel is sleeved on the outer wall of the driven shaft, and a driven wheel is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A drive belt is sleeved on the outer walls of both the drive wheel and the driven wheel. The radius of the drive wheel is smaller than that of the driven wheel. The rotating shaft and the driven shaft rotate inside the bearing bracket, which provides rotational support for them. The driven shaft drives the drive wheel to rotate, and the driven wheel is linked by the belt. Because the radius of the drive wheel is smaller than that of the driven wheel, the rotating shaft decelerates when the driven shaft rotates.

[0012] Preferably, a linkage gear is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft between toothed plate one and toothed plate two. The linkage gear meshes with toothed plate one and toothed plate two. Each clamping rod has a through hole inside. A guide rod two is slidably installed inside the through hole at the upper end of the frame. Toothed plate one and toothed plate two are linked by the linkage gear to achieve relative or opposite movement. When toothed plate one and toothed plate two move, they slide on the outer wall of the guide rod two through the through hole, providing sliding support and guidance for toothed plate one and toothed plate two.

[0013] Preferably, the lower inner wall of the rectangular frame is provided with equally spaced racks, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is sleeved with an intermittent gear that meshes with the racks, a connecting rod connects the upper end of the rectangular frame and the upper end of the upper gear plate, a sliding bracket is provided at the upper end of the frame, a spring is provided between the rectangular frame and the sliding bracket, a guide rod is provided at one end of the rectangular frame, located inside the spring and slidably installed inside the slide bracket, a stop rod is provided at one end of the rectangular frame, an oil cylinder is provided at one end of the frame, a piston is provided at one end of the stop rod and slidably installed inside the oil cylinder, an oil hole is opened inside the piston, and a sealing ring is embedded and installed at the opening of the oil cylinder and slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the stop rod. When the intermittent gear rotates, it pushes the rack, thereby pushing the rectangular frame to move. When the intermittent gear passes the rack, the rectangular frame is elastically reset by the spring, and the rectangular frame is slidably supported by the guide rod to prevent the spring from shifting outward. During reset, the piston squeezes the hydraulic rod inside the oil cylinder, and the hydraulic oil flows out through the oil hole, forming resistance, so that the rectangular frame resets smoothly.

[0014] Preferably, both the upper and lower toothed plates are provided with top arms on their outer walls, and each top arm has a lever on one side of its lower end. Each guide plate has a rubber block on its upper end. The top arm moves with toothed plates one and two, causing the lever to press the rubber block, which in turn causes guide plates one and two to move relative to or away from each other. This, in turn, causes the pressing block to apply pressure to the rubber block. When the pressing force reaches the rubber block's limit, the rubber block bends and detaches from the pressing block, then returns to its original position through the elastic support of the guide plate. When the pressing block moves away from each other, the pressing force exceeds the material support of the rubber block, moving to the outside of the rubber block, preparing for the next pressing of the rubber block and the movement of the guide plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a conveying structure for transporting automotive parts. During the transport process, the stabilizing conveying structure draws airflow through adsorption holes onto the automotive parts, thus achieving stable transport. The power source for the airflow, a motor, drives a linkage structure to operate, causing a self-positioning structure to repeatedly clamp and release the automotive parts that have reached the designated position. A linkage guiding structure then pushes the automotive parts to the center of the conveyor belt, preventing deviation during transport. The overall structure of the equipment is highly interconnected and compact, driven by only one motor, resulting in low operating and maintenance costs for subsequent power equipment. It provides stable transport, and the efficient linkage between positioning, clamping, and guiding facilitates the inspection and assembly of automotive parts during transport. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the guide plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the guide plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the first toothed plate and the second toothed plate of the present invention from a first angle. Figure 6 This is a top view of the toothed plate 1 and toothed plate 2 from a second angle, representing a three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a top view of the toothed plate 1 and toothed plate 2 from a third angle, representing a three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the conveyor belt of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the central cover of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a side view of the three-dimensional structure of the rectangular frame of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a side view of the three-dimensional structure of the rectangular frame of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a side-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the drive belt of the present invention.

[0017] Figure label: 100. Rack; 200. Conveying structure; 201. Conveying frame; 202. Conveying roller; 203. Conveying belt; 204. Base frame; 205. Support frame; 206. Compression spring; 207. Positioning rod one; 208. Tension roller; 300. Linkage structure; 301. Motor; 302. Output shaft one; 303. Impeller; 304. Output shaft two; 305. Transmission box; 306. Driven shaft; 307. Drive wheel; 308. Drive belt; 309. Bearing bracket; 310. Driven wheel; 311. Rotating shaft; 312. Linkage gear; 313. Intermittent gear; 314. Top arm; 315. Pulley; 316. Rectangular frame; 317. Connecting rod; 318. Rack; 319. Spring one; 320. Slide bracket; 321. Guide rod one; 322. Plug rod; 323. Piston; 324. Oil cylinder; 325. Sealing ring; 326. Oil hole; 400. Self-positioning structure; 401. Upper toothed plate; 402. Lower toothed plate; 403. Clamping rod; 404. Through hole; 405. Guide rod two; 406. Clamping block; 500. Guide structure; 501. Guide frame; 502. Guide plate; 503. Guide groove; 504. Spring II; 505. Positioning rod II; 506. Rubber block; 600. Stable feeding structure; 601. Pump casing; 602. Center cover; 603. Upper support roller. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1 to 12 The present invention provides three embodiments: Example 1: An automotive parts conveyor includes a frame 100, a conveying structure 200, a linkage structure 300, a self-positioning structure 400, a guiding structure 500, and a stable conveying structure 600. The conveying structure 200 includes a conveying frame 201 and a conveyor belt 203. Conveying rollers 202 are rotatably mounted inside both ends of the conveying frame 201. The conveyor belt 203 is sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying rollers 202. The conveyor belt 203 has equally spaced adsorption holes inside. The self-positioning structure 400 is located on one side above the conveying structure 200. The self-positioning structure 400 includes an upper toothed plate 401 and a lower toothed plate 402 that are relatively distributed. Both ends of the upper toothed plate 401 are provided with clamping rods 403, and each clamping rod 403 is provided with a clamping block 406 at one end. The conveying structure 600 includes a pump casing 601 and a center cover 602. The pump casing 601 is fixed to the rear side of the frame 100. The suction end of the pump casing 601 is connected to the center cover 602. The center cover 602 is located inside the conveyor belt 203 and is in contact with the upper inner wall of the conveyor belt 203.

[0020] In this embodiment, the entire system is based on the frame 100 and integrates four core modules: a conveying structure 200, a self-positioning structure 400, a guiding structure 500, and a stabilizing conveying structure 600. These modules work together to continuously convey, correct the posture of, stably adsorb, and position and clamp small automotive parts. After the equipment is started, the conveying structure 200 enters the working state first. The conveying rollers 202 at both ends of the conveyor frame 201 rotate synchronously under external driving, driving the conveyor belt 203, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying rollers 202, to rotate at a uniform speed. The small automotive parts to be conveyed fall smoothly onto the surface of the conveyor belt 203 and move forward with it. The uniformly spaced adsorption holes on the surface of the conveyor belt 203 penetrate the belt body, providing a channel for airflow adsorption and ensuring that negative pressure can stably act on the bottom of the parts.

[0021] The stable conveying structure 600 starts synchronously, and the pump casing 601 fixed to the rear of the frame 100 generates a negative pressure suction effect. The suction end of the pump casing 601 is connected to the central cover 602. The central cover 602 is arranged inside the conveyor belt 203, and its upper end face is closely attached to the upper inner wall of the conveyor belt 203. The negative pressure airflow passes through the central cover 602 and the suction hole to the bottom surface of the parts, forming a continuous and stable suction force, which firmly adsorbs the light and thin small parts onto the surface of the conveyor belt 203, avoiding problems such as slippage, shaking, and stacking during the conveying process. The self-positioning structure 400 is arranged on one side above the conveying structure 200. It consists of the upper toothed plate 401 and the lower toothed plate 402, which are relatively distributed, forming the clamping body. The two sets of toothed plates cooperate to drive the clamping rods 403 at both ends to move synchronously. The clamping blocks 406 at the ends of the clamping rods 403 clamp the parts precisely in a symmetrical manner, fix the position of the parts, and ensure the uniformity of the workpiece posture during visual inspection and assembly operations.

[0022] The guide structure 500, in coordination with the conveying rhythm, laterally corrects the parts. Through lateral limiting and guiding, it pushes the offset workpieces to the center area of ​​the conveyor belt 203, forming a triple guarantee with the self-positioning structure 400 and the stable conveying structure 600. Throughout the entire process, the parts are fed, conveyed, adsorbed and stabilized, guided and corrected, and positioned and clamped in one seamless operation, requiring no manual intervention. This continuous conveying process provides a stable and reliable workpiece condition for subsequent visual inspection, defect screening, and online assembly.

[0023] The frame 100 serves as the foundation for the entire machine, providing rigid installation support for the conveying structure 200, self-positioning structure 400, stable conveying structure 600, and guiding structure 500. This ensures that each structure is accurately positioned and operates stably without displacement or deformation. The conveying structure 200 is centered around the conveying frame 201, conveying roller 202, and conveyor belt 203. The conveying roller 202 provides rotational power and support, while the conveyor belt 203 serves as the bearing surface to achieve continuous workpiece conveying. The adsorption holes are reserved as a pathway for negative pressure transmission, allowing the adsorption effect of the stable conveying structure 600 to directly act on the workpiece, achieving simultaneous conveying and adsorption.

[0024] The stable conveying structure 600 generates a negative pressure source through the pump casing 601. The central cover 602 serves as a negative pressure conduction and distribution component, fitting snugly against the inner wall of the conveyor belt 203 to ensure that the negative pressure does not leak or lose, thus evenly distributing the adsorption force in the workpiece contact area. This achieves stable adsorption for small, lightweight parts, fundamentally suppressing undesirable conditions such as workpiece displacement, flipping, and stacking. The self-positioning structure 400 uses the upper toothed plate 401 and lower toothed plate 402 as the driving body. The relative movement of the toothed plates drives the clamping rod 403 and clamping block 406 to achieve symmetrical clamping and precise positioning of the workpiece. The clamping position and clamping force are adapted to the size of small parts, avoiding clamping damage, while ensuring that the workpiece maintains a fixed posture at the inspection and assembly stations, improving operational accuracy.

[0025] The various structures do not require complex electrical control linkages. They rely on natural coordination of their position layout and action sequence. The conveying structure 200 provides basic conveying power, the stabilizing conveying structure 600 provides full-process adsorption support, the guiding structure 500 corrects the workpiece position in real time, and the self-positioning structure 400 completes positioning and clamping at key workstations, forming a complete closed-loop operation of conveying, stabilizing, guiding, and positioning. Each structure performs its own function while cooperating with each other, achieving efficient collaborative operation and solving many pain points of traditional small automotive parts conveying and testing equipment. In traditional equipment, the guiding, clamping, and adsorption structures are equipped with independent power sources, resulting in a large number of electrical devices, high energy consumption, complex wiring, and high maintenance costs. Moreover, the synchronous reliance of multiple mechanisms on the central control system can easily lead to signal delays and action misalignments, resulting in workpiece positioning deviations, testing errors, and poor assembly. Through structural optimization, the power configuration is simplified, the equipment complexity is reduced, and the operational stability is improved.

[0026] The integrated design of negative pressure adsorption and 203 conveyor belt ensures stable and reliable adsorption force, effectively solving the problems of easy deviation and stacking of thin and small parts during transport, and improving the smoothness of transport. The 400 self-positioning structure provides precise clamping and reliable operation, ensuring that the workpieces are in the same position during inspection and assembly, improving the accuracy of visual inspection and the assembly qualification rate. The overall structure is simple and compact, reducing independent power and electrical control components, thus reducing equipment procurement costs, energy consumption costs, and subsequent maintenance costs. The mechanical coordination of each structure does not rely on complex central control synchronization, resulting in fast action response and stable operation, avoiding signal delay and asynchronous action problems. It is suitable for continuous and high-precision production needs. With a pure mechanical structure and simple airflow adsorption, it achieves stable transport, precise positioning, and reliable guidance of small automotive parts, balancing work efficiency and operational stability. It is perfectly suited for the production scenarios of small parts such as automotive wiring harness terminals, miniature clips, and precision gaskets, significantly improving the smoothness of the production line and the product qualification rate, and solving the problems of traditional multiple power sources, high costs, and poor synchronization.

[0027] Example 2: It includes a frame 100, a conveying structure 200, a linkage structure 300, a self-positioning structure 400, a guiding structure 500, and a stable conveying structure 600. The conveying structure 200 includes a conveying frame 201 and a conveyor belt 203. Conveying rollers 202 are rotatably installed inside both ends of the conveying frame 201. The conveyor belt 203 is sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying rollers 202. The conveyor belt 203 has equally spaced adsorption holes inside. The self-positioning structure 400 is located on one side above the conveying structure 200. The self-positioning structure 400 includes an upper toothed plate 401 and a lower toothed plate 402 that are relatively distributed. Both ends of the upper toothed plate 401 are provided with clamping rods 403, and each clamping rod 403 is provided with a clamping block 406 at one end. The conveying structure 600 includes a pump casing 601 and a center cover 602. The pump casing 601 is fixed to the rear side of the frame 100. The suction end of the pump casing 601 is connected to the center cover 602. The center cover 602 is located inside the conveyor belt 203 and is in contact with the upper inner wall of the conveyor belt 203.

[0028] A base frame 204 is provided inside the lower end of the frame 100, and a support frame 205 is provided above the base frame 204. A tension roller 208 is rotatably installed inside the upper end of the support frame 205 and is in contact with the inner wall of the lower end of the conveyor belt 203. An upper support roller 603 is rotatably installed inside the upper end of the center cover 602 and is equidistantly distributed and in contact with the inner wall of the upper end of the conveyor belt 203.

[0029] The upper end of the base frame 204 is provided with symmetrically distributed compression springs 206 that are connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the support frame 205. The lower end of the support frame 205 is provided with symmetrically distributed positioning rods 207 that are slidably installed inside the base frame 204 and located inside the compression springs 206.

[0030] The guide structure 500 includes a guide frame 501 and a guide plate 502. The guide frame 501 is arched and sleeved on the outside of the conveyor frame 201. The guide plate 502 has a guide groove 503 that slides on the outer wall of the guide frame 501. One end of the guide plate 502 is open in the shape of a trumpet and is suspended above the conveyor belt 203 on both sides. Rubber blocks 506 are provided on the upper end of the guide plate 502.

[0031] A second spring 504 is provided between the guide plate 502 and the guide frame 501. A second positioning rod 505 is provided at one end of the guide plate 502, which is slidably installed inside the guide frame 501 and located inside the second spring 504.

[0032] In this embodiment, the frame 100 serves as the overall supporting carrier, integrating the conveying structure 200, the stabilizing conveying structure 600, the guiding structure 500, the tension adaptive structure, and the support structure to jointly complete the continuous conveying, negative pressure adsorption, tension adaptive, and guiding and correcting operations of small automotive parts. During operation, the conveying rollers 202 at both ends of the conveyor frame 201 drive the conveyor belt 203 to rotate continuously, and the parts to be processed fall onto the surface of the conveyor belt 203 and are conveyed forward. The stabilizing conveying structure 600 works synchronously, and the pump casing 601 at the rear of the frame 100 generates negative pressure suction, which is transmitted to the central cover 602 through the suction end. The central cover 602 is placed inside the conveyor belt 203, with its upper surface tightly attached to the upper wall of the conveyor belt 203. The negative pressure acts on the bottom of the parts through the adsorption holes on the surface of the conveyor belt 203, forming a stable adsorption effect and preventing thin parts from slipping, shifting, or stacking during conveying.

[0033] During the conveying process, the lower end of the conveyor belt 203 is supported in real time by the tension roller 208. The base frame 204, support frame 205, and compression spring 206 form an elastic tensioning mechanism. The compression spring 206 pushes the support frame 205 upward, so that the tension roller 208 always presses against the lower surface of the conveyor belt 203. With the guidance and limiting of the positioning rod 207, the conveyor belt 203 maintains a constant tension during long-term operation, avoiding slack, jumping, or deviation. The multiple upper support rollers 603 inside the center cover 602 are evenly arranged and roll against the upper wall of the conveyor belt 203, forming multi-point rigid support for the conveyor belt 203 and preventing negative pressure. During adsorption, the conveyor belt 203 is concave inward to ensure a flat belt surface and stable conveying. The guide structure 500 continuously corrects the position of the parts on the conveying path. The arched guide frame 501 is fixed to the outside of the conveyor frame 201. The guide plates 502 on both sides are movably sleeved on the guide frame 501 through the guide groove 503. The front flared opening facilitates the smooth entry of the parts into the guide area. The second spring 504 applies an elastic restoring force to the guide plate 502. The second positioning rod 505 prevents the second spring 504 from deflecting, so that the guide plate 502 always supports the parts laterally with a moderate force, pushing the offset workpiece back to the center of the conveyor belt 203 and ensuring a uniform conveying posture.

[0034] The entire process requires no manual intervention, from feeding, adsorption and stable conveying, tension self-adaptation, belt surface support to continuous guiding and alignment, providing a stable and consistent workpiece state for subsequent visual inspection and online assembly. The operation is smooth and seamless, adaptable to high-speed production lines. The frame 100 serves as the rigid foundation of the entire machine, providing fixed mounting surfaces for the base frame 204, conveyor frame 201, pump casing 601, and guide frame 501, ensuring precise positioning of each component and stable operation. The conveying structure 200 consists of the conveyor frame 201, conveyor rollers 202, and conveyor belt 203. The conveyor rollers 202 provide rotational driving force, and the conveyor belt 203 carries the parts and transmits negative pressure through adsorption holes, achieving simultaneous conveying and adsorption. The stable conveying structure 600 provides negative pressure power through the pump casing 601, and the central cover 602 serves as a negative pressure distribution chamber, fitting against the inner wall of the conveyor belt 203 to reduce airflow loss, ensuring that the adsorption force is evenly applied to the bottom of the workpiece, achieving stable and steady conveying.

[0035] The tension adaptive system consists of a base frame 204, a support frame 205, a tension roller 208, a compression spring 206, and a positioning rod 207. The compression spring 206 provides a continuous elastic pushing force, ensuring that the tension roller 208 always presses the conveyor belt 203 tightly, compensating for the elongation of the conveyor belt 203 during long-term use. The positioning rod 207 limits the lateral displacement of the support frame 205, ensuring stable and reliable tensioning action. The upper support roller 603 is installed on the upper end of the center cover 602 and is equidistantly distributed along the conveying direction. It supports the upper wall of the conveyor belt 203 in a rolling manner, which reduces the frictional resistance of the belt surface and prevents the belt surface from sinking due to negative pressure suction, thus maintaining the flatness of the conveying plane.

[0036] The guide structure 500 consists of an arched guide frame 501, a guide plate 502, a second spring 504, and a second positioning rod 505. The guide plate 502 uses the guide frame 501 as a sliding track, allowing for adaptive adjustment of the lateral spacing to accommodate small parts of different sizes. The front flared opening reduces the risk of jamming during loading, while the second spring 504 provides elastic clamping force, achieving flexible guidance without damaging the workpiece. The second positioning rod 505 ensures the stability of the extension and retraction direction of the second spring 504, preventing the guide plate 502 from tilting and jamming. All mechanisms are mechanically linked without complex electrical control; conveying, adsorption, tensioning, support, and guiding operate synchronously, forming an adaptive and highly stable conveying system.

[0037] This invention addresses several technical shortcomings of traditional small automotive parts conveyors. Traditional equipment commonly suffers from issues such as easy slackness, jumping, and misalignment of the conveyor belt 203; belt surface depression during negative pressure adsorption; and rigid guiding mechanisms prone to jamming and poor adaptability. These problems lead to unstable workpiece positioning, large inspection errors, and high assembly defect rates. Through multiple structural improvements, the stability and adaptability of the equipment are significantly enhanced. The stable conveying structure 600, in conjunction with the upper support roller 603, ensures stable negative pressure adsorption without damaging the belt surface, completely resolving the slippage and stacking problems of thin, small parts. The elastic tension adaptive system maintains the tension of the conveyor belt 203 in real time, eliminating the risks of slackness and jumping, and extending the service life of the conveyor belt 203. The flexible guiding structure 500 adapts to the size of the parts, ensuring smooth feeding through the flared opening without jamming or damaging the workpiece, and providing high guiding accuracy. The all-mechanical structure ensures reliable operation, low failure rate, and easy maintenance. The overall layout is compact, with high airflow utilization efficiency and lower energy consumption.

[0038] Overcoming the shortcomings of traditional equipment such as multiple power sources, poor synchronization, high cost, and unstable operation, this device features an integrated design of adaptive tensioning, rolling support, flexible guidance, and negative pressure stable conveying. It enables continuous, stable, and high-precision conveying of small automotive parts, significantly improving the consistency and pass rate of visual inspection and assembly operations, reducing production line downtime and maintenance costs. It is suitable for the mass continuous production of small parts such as automotive wiring harness terminals, miniature clips, 325 sealing rings, and precision gaskets.

[0039] Example 3: It includes a frame 100, a conveying structure 200, a linkage structure 300, a self-positioning structure 400, a guiding structure 500, and a stable conveying structure 600. The conveying structure 200 includes a conveying frame 201 and a conveyor belt 203. Conveying rollers 202 are rotatably installed inside both ends of the conveying frame 201. The conveyor belt 203 is sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying rollers 202. The conveyor belt 203 has equally spaced adsorption holes inside. The self-positioning structure 400 is located on one side above the conveying structure 200. The self-positioning structure 400 includes an upper toothed plate 401 and a lower toothed plate 402 that are relatively distributed. Both ends of the upper toothed plate 401 are provided with clamping rods 403, and each clamping rod 403 is provided with a clamping block 406 at one end. The conveying structure 600 includes a pump casing 601 and a center cover 602. The pump casing 601 is fixed to the rear side of the frame 100. The suction end of the pump casing 601 is connected to the center cover 602. The center cover 602 is located inside the conveyor belt 203 and is in contact with the upper inner wall of the conveyor belt 203.

[0040] The linkage structure 300 includes a motor 301, a driven shaft 306, a rotating shaft 311, and a rectangular frame 316. The motor 301 has an output shaft 1 and an output shaft 2 304 respectively at both ends. An impeller 303, which is rotatably installed inside the pump casing 601, is sleeved on the outer wall of the output shaft 1 302. A transmission box 305 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of both the output shaft 2 304 and the driven shaft 306. A universal joint is provided inside the transmission box 305 to drive the output shafts and the driven shaft 306 at both ends.

[0041] A bearing bracket 309 is provided at the upper end of the frame 100. One end of the driven shaft 306 and the rotating shaft 311 are rotatably installed inside the bearing bracket 309. A drive wheel 307 is sleeved on the outer wall of the driven shaft 306, and a driven wheel 310 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 311. A drive belt 308 is sleeved on the outer wall of both the drive wheel 307 and the driven wheel 310. The radius of the drive wheel 307 is smaller than that of the driven wheel 310.

[0042] A linkage gear 312 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 311 between the first gear plate and the second gear plate. The linkage gear 312 meshes with the first gear plate and the second gear plate. Through holes 404 are opened inside the clamping rod 403. A guide rod 405 is slidably installed inside the through hole 404 at the upper end of the frame.

[0043] The lower inner wall of the rectangular frame 316 is provided with equally spaced racks 318. The outer wall of the rotating shaft 311 is sleeved with an intermittent gear 313 that meshes with the racks 318. A connecting rod 317 connects the upper end of the rectangular frame 316 and the upper end of the upper gear plate 401. A sliding bracket is provided at the upper end of the frame 100. A spring 319 is provided between the rectangular frame 316 and the sliding bracket. A guide rod 321 is provided at one end of the rectangular frame 316, located inside the spring 319 and slidably installed inside the slide bracket 320. A stopper rod 322 is provided at one end of the rectangular frame 316. An oil cylinder 324 is provided at the upper end of the frame 100. A piston 323 is slidably installed inside the oil cylinder 324 at one end of the stopper rod 322. An oil hole 326 is opened inside the piston 323. A sealing ring 325 is embedded and installed at the opening of the oil cylinder 324, which is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the stopper rod 322.

[0044] Both the upper toothed plate 401 and the lower toothed plate 402 are provided with top arms 314 on their outer walls, and a lever block 315 is provided on one side of the lower end of each top arm 314.

[0045] In this implementation, after the equipment starts, motor 301, as the sole power source, simultaneously drives the output shafts at both ends. Output shaft one 302 drives the impeller 303 inside the pump casing 601 to rotate, causing the stable conveying structure 600 to generate negative pressure. Through the center cover 602 and the suction hole, the workpiece is stably adsorbed onto the conveyor belt 203. The conveyor belt 203 is fed at a uniform speed under the drive of the conveyor roller 202. The tension roller 208 and the compression spring 206 tension the conveyor belt 203 in real time. The upper support roller 603 prevents the belt surface from denting. Output shaft two 304 transmits power to the driven shaft 306 through the transmission box 305 and the universal joint, and then through the drive wheel 307, the drive belt 308 and the driven wheel 31. The rotating shaft 311 is decelerated and rotates. The intermittent gear 313 on the rotating shaft 311 meshes with the rack 318 at the lower end of the rectangular frame 316, pushing the rectangular frame 316 to perform intermittent reciprocating motion. The linkage gear 312 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 311 and meshes with the upper gear plate 401 and the lower gear plate 402, driving the clamping rod 403 and the clamping block 406 to accurately clamp and release the workpiece. At the same time, the top arm 314 and the lever block 315 on the upper gear plate 401 and the lower gear plate 402 move synchronously with the clamping action, periodically squeezing the rubber block 506 on the guide plate 502, so that the guide structure 500 opens and closes adaptively with the positioning action, completing the centering of the workpiece. When the rectangular frame 316 is reset, the stop rod 322 and the piston 323 move in the oil cylinder 324, and the hydraulic oil forms a damping buffer through the oil hole 326 to ensure that the clamping and guiding actions are smooth and shock-free. Driven by a single motor 301, the entire process completes conveying, adsorption, tensioning, guiding, positioning, and clamping, providing high-precision positioning for visual inspection and assembly.

[0046] With a single motor 301 as the core, the system achieves power sharing and synchronized operation across multiple mechanisms. In the linkage structure 300, the dual output shafts of motor 301 supply negative pressure and mechanical action respectively. The transmission box 305 and universal joint are adapted to different shaft systems. The radius difference between the drive wheel 307 and the driven wheel 310 achieves speed reduction and force amplification, ensuring sufficient clamping force. The intermittent gear 313 and rack 318 cooperate to convert continuous rotation into intermittent linear motion of the rectangular frame 316, which is reset with the help of spring 319. The oil cylinder 324, piston 323, and oil hole 326 constitute a hydraulic buffer mechanism to prevent excessively rapid movement from impacting the workpiece and equipment.

[0047] The self-positioning structure 400 drives the upper toothed plate 401 and lower toothed plate 402 to move towards or away from each other via the linkage gear 312. The clamping rod 403 and the second guide rod 405 cooperate to ensure the straightness of the clamping. The clamping block 406 provides flexible centering clamping for the workpiece, resulting in high posture consistency. The guiding structure 500, under the periodic push of the top arm 314 and the lever block 315, cooperates with the second spring 504 to achieve adaptive opening and closing. The flared mouth guides the workpiece smoothly into the box, and the second positioning rod 505 ensures stable guidance. The stabilizing conveying structure 600, tension mechanism, and support mechanism continue the functions of Embodiment 2. Negative pressure adsorption prevents workpiece slippage, the tension roller 208 keeps the belt surface taut, and the upper support roller 603 keeps the conveying plane flat.

[0048] The entire mechanism has no independent power source or complex electrical control. Power is uniformly output by motor 301, and the action is mechanically linked by gears, racks 318, connecting rods, and springs. Guiding, clamping, adsorption, and conveying are strictly synchronized. Positioning accuracy and action coordination are guaranteed by the mechanical structure, and it can operate stably without relying on the central control system.

[0049] To address the issues of multiple power sources, high energy consumption, poor synchronization, high cost, and unstable operation, the system uses separate power sources for guiding, clamping, and adsorption. This results in numerous electrical devices, complex wiring, and reliance on central control synchronization, which can easily lead to signal delays and misalignments, causing workpiece displacement, detection errors, and poor assembly. By adopting a single motor 301 to drive the entire mechanism, the number of components such as motor 301, driver, and sensors is significantly reduced, thereby lowering equipment costs, energy consumption, and maintenance difficulty.

[0050] Single-power, fully linked design fundamentally solves the problem of asynchronous operation among multiple mechanisms, ensuring precise action and reliable operation, suitable for high-speed continuous production. The linked guiding and clamping mechanism, with alignment before clamping, significantly improves positioning accuracy, meeting the requirements of visual inspection and precision assembly. Hydraulic buffering and elastic reset ensure smooth, impact-free operation, preventing damage to workpieces and mechanisms, and extending service life. Integrated adsorption, tensioning, support, guiding, and clamping result in a compact structure, small footprint, and simple debugging. Purely mechanical coordination provides strong anti-interference capabilities and significantly higher stability than electrically controlled synchronous solutions, resulting in a significantly improved yield rate. It is suitable for production lines producing small parts such as automotive wiring harness terminals, miniature clips, precision gaskets, and small springs, achieving efficient and stable connection between conveying, inspection, and assembly stations, effectively reducing production costs, improving production efficiency, and solving the long-standing problem of small part conveying and positioning in the industry. The above specific embodiments are merely some preferred embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the related teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automotive parts conveyor, comprising a frame (100), a conveying structure (200), a linkage structure (300), a self-positioning structure (400), a guiding structure (500), and a stable conveying structure (600), characterized in that: The conveying structure (200) includes a conveying frame (201) and a conveyor belt (203). Conveying rollers (202) are rotatably installed inside both ends of the conveying frame (201). The conveyor belt (203) is sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying rollers (202). The conveyor belt (203) has equally spaced adsorption holes inside. The self-positioning structure (400) is located on one side above the conveying structure (200). The self-positioning structure (400) includes an upper toothed plate (401) and a lower toothed plate (402) that are distributed opposite to each other. Both ends of the upper toothed plate (401) are provided with clamping rods (403), and each clamping rod (403) is provided with a clamping block (406) at one end opposite to the other. The conveying structure (600) includes a pump housing (601) and a center cover (602). The pump housing (601) is fixed to the rear side of the frame (100). The suction end of the pump housing (601) is connected to the center cover (602). The center cover (602) is located inside the conveyor belt (203) and is in contact with the upper inner wall of the conveyor belt (203). The guide structure (500) includes a guide frame (501) and a guide plate (502).

2. The automotive parts conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the frame (100) is provided with a base frame (204), and a support frame (205) is provided above the base frame (204). The upper end of the support frame (205) is rotatably installed with a tension roller (208) that is in contact with the inner wall of the lower end of the conveyor belt (203). The upper end of the center cover (602) is rotatably installed with upper support rollers (603) that are evenly distributed and in contact with the inner wall of the upper end of the conveyor belt (203).

3. The automotive parts conveyor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the base frame (204) is provided with symmetrically distributed compression springs (206) that are connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the support frame (205). The lower end of the support frame (205) is provided with symmetrically distributed positioning rods (207) that are slidably installed inside the base frame (204) and located inside the compression springs (206).

4. The automotive parts conveyor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide frame (501) is arched and sleeved on the outside of the conveyor frame (201). The guide plate (502) has a guide groove (503) that slides and sleeves on the outer wall of the guide frame (501). One end of the guide plate (502) is open in the shape of a trumpet and is suspended above the conveyor belt (203) on both sides. Rubber blocks (506) are provided on the upper end of the guide plate (502).

5. The automotive parts conveyor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second spring (504) is provided between the guide plate (502) and the guide frame (501), and a second positioning rod (505) is provided at one end of the guide plate (502), which is slidably installed inside the guide frame (501) and located inside the second spring (504).

6. The automotive parts conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage structure (300) includes a motor (301), a driven shaft (306), a rotating shaft (311), and a rectangular frame (316). The motor (301) has an output shaft one (302) and an output shaft two (304) respectively at both ends. An impeller (303) is rotatably installed inside the pump casing (601) on the outer wall of the output shaft one (302). A transmission box (305) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of both the output shaft two (304) and the driven shaft (306). A universal joint is provided inside the transmission box (305) for transmitting the output shafts and the driven shaft (306) at both ends.

7. The automotive parts conveyor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the frame (100) is provided with a bearing bracket (309). One end of the driven shaft (306) and the rotating shaft (311) are rotatably installed inside the bearing bracket (309). A drive wheel (307) is sleeved on the outer wall of the driven shaft (306), and a driven wheel (310) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (311). A drive belt (308) is sleeved on the outer wall of both the drive wheel (307) and the driven wheel (310). The radius of the drive wheel (307) is smaller than that of the driven wheel (310).

8. The automotive parts conveyor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rotating shaft (311) is fitted with a linkage gear (312) located between the first toothed plate and the second toothed plate. The linkage gear (312) meshes with the first toothed plate and the second toothed plate. The clamping rod (403) is provided with through holes (404) inside. The upper end of the frame (100) is provided with a guide rod (405) that is slidably installed inside the through holes (404).

9. The automotive parts conveyor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower inner wall of the rectangular frame (316) is provided with equally spaced racks (318), and the outer wall of the rotating shaft (311) is sleeved with an intermittent gear (313) that meshes with the racks (318). A connecting rod (317) connects the upper end of the rectangular frame (316) and the upper end of the upper gear plate (401). A sliding bracket is provided at the upper end of the frame (100), and a spring (319) is provided between the rectangular frame (316) and the sliding bracket. One end of the rectangular frame (316) is provided with a spring (319) located at the spring (319). 19) A guide rod (321) is slidably installed inside the slide bracket (320). A stopper rod (322) is provided at one end of the rectangular frame (316). An oil cylinder (324) is provided at the upper end of the frame (100). A piston (323) is slidably installed inside the oil cylinder (324) at one end of the stopper rod (322). An oil hole (326) is opened inside the piston (323). A sealing ring (325) is embedded and installed at the opening of the oil cylinder (324) and slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the stopper rod (322).

10. The automotive parts conveyor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer walls of the upper toothed plate (401) and the lower toothed plate (402) are provided with top arms (314), and a lever (315) is provided on one side of the lower end of the top arm (314).

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