A deep self-adaptive aeration purification device and aeration purification method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of deep self-adaptive aeration purification device and aeration purification method, device, including floating bed, aeration pipe, support rod and bottom limit plate;The floating bed floats on the surface of water body, and its surface is used to arrange and set emergent plants;The floating bed is provided with air inlet;The aeration pipe is hollow and vertically installed on the lower side of the floating bed, and the pipe wall of the aeration pipe is provided with a plurality of aeration holes;The bottom end of the air inlet is communicated with the top end of the aeration pipe, which is used to connect the external gas supply pipeline and complete gas introduction;The support rod is assembled in the aeration pipe, the bottom end of the support rod is fixedly connected with the bottom limit plate, and the support rod and the aeration pipe are gap matched to form an extension and retraction sliding structure;The bottom limit plate is used to be placed at the bottom of the water body, and provides a reference support for the extension and retraction sliding structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water pollution control technology, specifically relating to a deep adaptive aeration purification device and aeration purification method. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of water environment management, lake ecological restoration, and wetland protection, aeration and oxygenation are among the core technologies for increasing dissolved oxygen in water, activating the activity of aerobic microorganisms, and inhibiting the release of nutrients from bottom sediments. They are widely used in eutrophication treatment scenarios such as lakes and urban landscape rivers. Currently, the industry commonly employs fixed microporous aeration, submersible jet aeration, and float-type surface aeration to complete water oxygenation operations. Fixed aeration equipment typically involves fixing aeration discs or pipes to the bottom of the water, relying on blowers or air compressors to deliver gas; this method can meet basic oxygenation needs in conventional deep water areas. Float-type surface aeration equipment suspends the aeration device on the water surface, relying on impellers or jets to oxygenate the surface water.

[0003] However, existing aeration equipment has significant limitations in adaptability to shallow waters such as lakes and freshwater forests, where water depth is relatively shallow (usually less than 1.5 meters), water levels fluctuate frequently, and bottom sediment is loose. Firstly, in shallow water environments, conventional fixed bottom aeration equipment causes the rising airflow and water flow generated by aeration to directly impact the bottom sediment surface, easily suspending the sediment and leading to a sharp increase in water turbidity. This also triggers the secondary release of endogenous pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the sediment. Secondly, existing floating or fixed aeration equipment cannot adaptively adjust the aeration depth according to water level changes: when the water level drops, the aeration unit may come into close contact with or even penetrate the bottom sediment, causing blockage of the aeration holes and severe disturbance of the sediment; when the water level rises, the aeration unit is too far from the bottom, resulting in insufficient oxygenation in the deeper water, creating a stratification phenomenon of "oxygenated surface, oxygen-deficient bottom," failing to achieve effective oxygenation of the water.

[0004] Currently, some adjustable aeration devices rely on electric actuators, level sensors, and control systems to achieve depth adjustment. This is not only structurally complex and costly, but also suffers from poor reliability and maintenance difficulties in outdoor environments with no or unstable power supply. Therefore, addressing the issues of frequent water level fluctuations and sediment suspension caused by aeration in shallow water environments, developing an aeration and purification device that can adapt to frequent water level fluctuations in shallow water, requires no external energy or electrical control intervention, and fundamentally prevents sediment disturbance is a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a depth-adaptive aeration purification device and aeration purification method. The purpose is to solve the problems in shallow water areas such as shallow lakes and freshwater forests where conventional aeration equipment easily disturbs the bottom sediment, causing the sediment to suspend, and cannot adaptively adjust the aeration position according to water level changes, so as to achieve stable oxygenation and ecological self-purification of the water body.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives / to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a depth-adaptive aeration purification device, comprising a floating bed, an aeration pipe, a support rod, and a bottom-contact limiting plate; The floating bed floats on the surface of the water body, and its surface is used to arrange emergent plants; the floating bed is provided with an air inlet; The aeration pipe is hollow and vertically installed on the lower side of the floating bed. The pipe wall of the aeration pipe has several aeration holes. The bottom end of the air inlet is connected to the top end of the aeration pipe for connecting to the external air supply pipeline and completing the gas introduction. The support rod is assembled inside the aeration pipe, the bottom end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the bottom limiting plate, and the top end of the support rod is provided with a support plate (8) for forming a nested sliding structure with the aeration pipe through a gap fit. The bottom-reaching limiting plate is used to be placed at the bottom of the water body to provide a reference support for the telescopic sliding structure.

[0007] The above-mentioned configuration achieves the following effect: This invention eliminates the complex electronic control adjustment mode that relies on electric push rods, liquid level sensors, and control systems. Instead, it achieves adaptive adjustment of the aeration area based on the water depth by having the floating bed drive the aeration pipe and support rod to slide relative to each other using a purely mechanical mechanism. When the support plate slides along the inner wall of the aeration pipe, the aeration holes above the support plate are in a ventilating state, while the aeration holes below the support plate are blocked and stop venting.

[0008] When the water level rises, the aeration pipe moves upward while the support rod and bottom-contact limiting plate remain fixed due to the support of the bottom sediment. The support plate slides downward relative to the aeration pipe, automatically increasing the number of effective aeration holes. This ensures sufficient oxygen supply to the deep water and avoids the stratification phenomenon of "oxygenated surface and oxygen-deficient bottom." When the water level drops, the floating bed sinks, causing the aeration pipe to move downward. The support plate slides upward relative to the aeration pipe, blocking the aeration holes below the support plate and automatically stopping air output. The number of effective aeration holes automatically decreases, preventing air bubbles and water flow from directly impacting the bottom sediment surface. This completely solves the technical problems of conventional aeration equipment in shallow water areas, which easily leads to suspended bottom sediment, increased turbidity, and secondary release of endogenous pollutants (nitrogen and phosphorus). Furthermore, this device requires no external power supply and can operate stably in environments with no or unstable power supply. It features a simple structure, low failure rate, and convenient maintenance.

[0009] Furthermore, the air inlet is located at the center of the floating bed.

[0010] The above setup achieves the following effects: the centrally located air inlet allows the externally input airflow to be evenly introduced into the aeration pipe, avoiding uneven air output from one side of the aeration hole due to flow deviation, ensuring consistent aeration intensity throughout the entire pipe body, and improving oxygenation uniformity.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a limiting ring; The tray is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod, and the tray is embedded inside the aeration pipe to form a nested sliding structure with the aeration pipe; The limiting ring is located at the lowest end of the aeration pipe and is used to limit the downward travel of the support plate to prevent the support plate from slipping off the bottom end of the aeration pipe.

[0012] The above setup achieves the following effects: the support plate, as a key force transmission and sealing component between the aeration pipe and the support rod, ensures vertical guidance and structural stability during telescopic movement through its embedded fit; the limiting ring and the bottom-touching limiting plate work together to form a dual upper and lower limiting protection mechanism: the limiting ring prevents the aeration pipe from moving excessively upward when the water level drops significantly, causing the support plate to detach from the bottom, while the bottom-touching limiting plate limits the maximum lifting height of the support plate. This dual protection ensures that the telescopic sliding structure always remains within the effective working range, significantly improving the operational reliability of the device in waters with frequent water level fluctuations.

[0013] Furthermore, the support plate is a circular plate, and the diameter of the support plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the aeration pipe; when the support plate slides along the inner wall of the aeration pipe, the aeration holes located above the support plate are in the air-ventilating state, and the aeration holes located below the support plate are blocked and stop venting.

[0014] The above setup achieves the following effect: the circular support plate and the inner wall of the circular aeration pipe form a concentric sliding fit with uniform circumferential clearance, low sliding resistance and easy jamming, ensuring that the device responds sensitively and operates smoothly when the water level changes.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameter of the bottom-reaching limiting plate is 3 to 5 times the diameter of the support plate.

[0016] The above settings achieve the following effects: by designing the diameter of the bottom limiting plate to be 3 to 5 times that of the support plate, the contact area between the limiting plate and the bottom mud is greatly increased, the unit area pressure on the soft bottom mud is reduced, and the limiting plate is effectively prevented from sinking too deep into the bottom mud during long-term operation and changing the reference support position, thus ensuring the long-term stability of the device's water level adaptive accuracy.

[0017] Furthermore, the length of the aeration pipe is the same as the length of the support rod.

[0018] The above setup achieves the following effects: the equal-length design allows the support plate to slide to the top of the aeration pipe when the water level drops to its lowest point. At this time, all aeration holes are located below the support plate and stop emitting air. The device automatically enters a "dormant protection" state, eliminating the risk of aeration impacting the bottom sediment at extremely shallow water levels. When the water level rises to its highest point, the support plate is located precisely at the bottom limit ring of the aeration pipe, and all aeration holes are engaged, achieving maximum aeration capacity output and fully utilizing the device's full-depth adaptive adjustment potential.

[0019] Furthermore, the aeration holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the aeration pipe wall, and the gas is discharged horizontally through the aeration holes.

[0020] The above setup achieves the following effects: the aeration holes are evenly spaced horizontally to distribute air, allowing the gas to diffuse evenly in a radial pattern in the horizontal direction, avoiding direct impact of the vertical downward airflow on the bottom sediment; at the same time, the horizontal outflow prolongs the rising path and residence time of the bubbles in the water, greatly improving the gas-liquid contact efficiency and oxygen mass transfer rate, and the oxygenation effect is significantly better than that of traditional vertical aeration methods.

[0021] Furthermore, the aeration pipe is made of corrosion-resistant rigid material, and the inner wall of the aeration pipe is smooth without protrusions.

[0022] The above setup achieves the following effect: the corrosion-resistant rigid pipe material and smooth inner wall significantly reduce the frictional resistance when the pallet slides, ensuring the flexibility and corrosion and weather resistance of the telescopic structure during long-term underwater service. Furthermore, the tray, the support rod, and the bottom-contact limiting plate are made of engineering plastic or stainless steel.

[0023] The above setup achieves the following effect: the engineering plastic or stainless steel material gives the core sliding components good mechanical strength and wear resistance, eliminating the need for frequent replacements, effectively extending the overall service life of the device, and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0024] Furthermore, the roots of the emergent plants extend into the water body to adsorb and degrade water pollutants.

[0025] The above setup achieves the following effects: After the roots of emergent plants descend into the water, they can actively absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the water, inhibiting excessive algae growth; at the same time, the root surface provides a large number of attachment carriers for native aerobic microorganisms. After the dissolved oxygen is increased by the aeration system, the activity of microorganisms is enhanced, accelerating the decomposition and transformation of organic pollutants. Thus, on the basis of physical oxygenation, ecological purification function is superimposed, forming a multi-layered synergistic purification system of "aeration and oxygenation - plant absorption - microbial degradation", achieving comprehensive and lasting improvement in water quality.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a depth-adaptive aeration purification method, employing the apparatus described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: The depth-adaptive aeration and purification device is deployed in the target water area. The floating bed floats on the water surface, and the bottom-contact limiting plate is placed on the bottom sediment. External gas is introduced into the aeration pipe through the air inlet and discharged horizontally through the aeration hole located above the support plate. When the water level rises, the floating bed rises synchronously with the water surface and drives the aeration pipe to move upward. The support rod and the support plate remain relatively fixed in position due to the weight of the bottom limiting plate and the support of the bottom mud. The aeration pipe slides relative to the support plate, which increases the number of aeration holes in working state located above the support plate. When the water level drops, the floating bed sinks synchronously with the water surface and drives the aeration pipe to move downward. The support plate slides upward relative to the inner wall of the aeration pipe, so that the aeration holes located below the support plate and near the bottom sediment gradually stop emitting air, and the number of effective working aeration holes is automatically reduced. Throughout the entire water level change process, the aeration holes in the working state always maintain a preset safe distance from the bottom sediment to avoid airflow and water flow disturbing the bottom sediment.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: 1) It adopts a purely mechanical telescopic structure, which does not require electrical control or manual intervention. It can adaptively switch the aeration zone according to the water level, effectively avoiding the problem of bottom sediment suspension during aeration. 2) The aeration holes are horizontally distributed, resulting in less water flow impact, longer bubble residence time, and better water oxygenation and self-purification effects; 3) The overall structure is simple, the components are detachable, replaceable, and reusable, resulting in low construction and maintenance costs; 4) The integration of floating beds and emergent plants combines aeration and oxygenation with plant purification to form a synergistic purification system, resulting in significant water quality improvement. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Appendix Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Appendix Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0030] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive aeration and depth system of the present invention.

[0031] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the fixed connection of the support rod 5, the bottom limiting plate 6, and the support plate 8 of the present invention.

[0032] Appendix Figure 5 This is a graph showing the changes in dissolved oxygen (A) and turbidity (B) in water under the operating conditions of this invention.

[0033] Appendix Figure 6 This is a graph showing the changes in water quality indicators under the operating conditions of this invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Floating bed; 2. Emergent plants; 3. Aeration pipe; 4. Aeration hole; 5. Support rod; 6. Bottom-contact limiting plate; 7. Air inlet; 8. Support plate; 9. Limiting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Comparison Appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 This invention provides a depth-adaptive aeration purification device, the structure of which includes a floating bed 1, emergent plants 2, aeration pipes 3, aeration holes 4, support rods 5, and a bottom-contact limiting plate 6. The floating bed 1 serves as the supporting base of the entire device, floating entirely on the water surface to provide stable support for the lower aeration structure. The emergent plants 2 are neatly arranged on the surface of the floating bed 1, with their roots naturally extending into the water, utilizing the physiological functions of aquatic plants to adsorb and degrade water pollutants. The aeration pipes 3 are vertically installed on the lower side of the floating bed 1. The aeration pipes 3 are preferably made of corrosion-resistant rigid tubing with a smooth, non-protruding inner wall. Several aeration holes 4 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the pipe wall, allowing airflow to disperse horizontally through the aeration holes 4, reducing vertical downward water flow disturbance. The support rods 5 are assembled inside the aeration pipes 3, forming a needle-like telescopic sliding structure with a gap fit. The bottom end of the support rods 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom-contact limiting plate 6, which rests at the bottom of the water, providing reference support for the telescopic structure.

[0037] Preferably, the structure also includes an air inlet 7, which is located at the center of the floating bed 1 and is used to connect to an external air supply pipeline to complete the gas introduction operation; the bottom end of the air inlet 7 is tightly connected to the top end of the aeration pipe 3 to ensure the gas delivery is sealed.

[0038] Preferred, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, its structure also includes a support plate 8 and a limiting ring 9. The support plate 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod 5. The support plate 8 is a circular plate with a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the aeration pipe 3, forming a sliding pair. The support plate 8 can rise and fall synchronously with the support rod 5. The length of the support rod 5 is the same as the length of the aeration pipe 3. A limiting ring 9 is set at the bottom of the aeration pipe 3. The limiting ring 9 can limit the downward stroke of the support plate 8, effectively preventing the support plate 8 from falling off the bottom of the aeration pipe 3 when the water level drops sharply. At the same time, the bottom-touching limiting plate 6 can limit the maximum lifting height of the support plate 8, ensuring that the telescopic structure is always within the effective working range. The diameter of the bottom-touching limiting plate 6 is preferably 3 to 5 times that of the support plate 8. The support plate 8, support rod 5, and bottom-touching limiting plate 6 are all made of water-resistant, high-strength engineering plastics or stainless steel, which can work stably in the underwater environment for a long time.

[0039] The present invention also provides a depth-adaptive aeration purification method, comprising the following steps: The depth-adaptive aeration and purification device is deployed in the target water area. The floating bed 1 floats on the water surface, and the bottom limiting plate 6 is placed on the bottom sediment. External gas is introduced into the aeration pipe 3 through the air inlet 7 and discharged horizontally through the aeration hole 4 located above the support plate 8. When the water level rises, the floating bed 1 floats up synchronously with the water surface and drives the aeration pipe 3 to move upward. The support rod 5 and the support plate 8 remain relatively fixed in position due to the weight of the bottom limiting plate 6 and the support of the bottom mud. The aeration pipe 3 and the support plate 8 slide relative to each other, which increases the number of aeration holes 4 in working state located above the support plate 8. When the water level drops, the floating bed 1 sinks synchronously with the water surface and drives the aeration pipe 3 to move downward. The support plate 8 slides upward relative to the inner wall of the aeration pipe 3, so that the aeration holes 4 located below the support plate 8 and close to the bottom mud gradually stop emitting air, and the number of effective working aeration holes is automatically reduced. Throughout the entire water level change process, the aeration holes (4) in working condition always maintain a preset safe distance from the bottom sediment to avoid airflow and water flow disturbing the bottom sediment.

[0040] After the entire device is deployed in target water areas such as shallow lakes and freshwater forests, the floating bed 1 floats on the water surface due to its own buoyancy, while the bottom limiting plate 6 is stably placed on the bottom sediment. The entire device forms a stable configuration of "floating support + internal telescopic aeration". When the water level rises and the water depth increases, the floating bed 1 rises synchronously with the water surface, causing the aeration pipe 3 to move upward. Due to the weight of the bottom limiting plate 6 and the support effect of the bottom, the support rod 5 and the top support plate 8 remain relatively fixed, while the aeration pipe 3 slides relative to the support plate 8. Under this condition, the number of working aeration holes 4 on the aeration pipe 3 increases accordingly, and all working aeration holes 4 always maintain a preset safe distance from the bottom sediment, avoiding excessive floating of the aeration unit, which would cause gas to concentrate and be released at the water surface, resulting in insufficient oxygenation in the deeper water. When the water level drops and the water depth becomes shallower, the floating bed 1 sinks synchronously with the water surface, the aeration pipe 3 moves downward as a whole, and the support plate 8 slides upward relative to the inner wall of the aeration pipe 3 under the drive of the support rod 5. As the relative positions of the components change, the aeration holes 4 in the lower area of ​​the aeration pipe 3 gradually stop emitting air, and the system automatically reduces the effective aeration area, strictly ensuring that the aeration holes 4 in the working state do not come into contact with the bottom sediment, thereby preventing water flow and air bubbles from disturbing the bottom sediment, preventing the bottom sediment from suspending and the secondary release of internal pollutants.

[0041] External gas is continuously introduced into the aeration pipe 3 through the air inlet 7. After being transported along the pipe, the airflow diffuses horizontally outward from the aeration holes 4 in the corresponding working area. This horizontal outflow significantly reduces vertical impact, allowing bubbles to rise slowly in the water, ensuring sufficient gas-liquid contact time and effectively improving oxygen mass transfer efficiency. The increased dissolved oxygen content in the water activates native aerobic microorganisms, accelerating the decomposition of organic pollutants and further enhancing the water's self-purification capacity. Simultaneously, the emergent plant roots on the floating bed extend into the water, absorbing nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, inhibiting algae growth, and providing an attachment medium for microorganisms, creating a synergistic purification effect with the aeration system.

[0042] This device can be operated continuously or intermittently depending on the actual water pollution situation. The entire system relies on a purely mechanical structure to achieve adaptive water depth adjustment. It features a simple structure, low failure rate, and convenient operation and maintenance, making it suitable for shallow lakes and freshwater marshes with frequent water level fluctuations and dense aquatic plants. Compared to traditional aeration equipment, this device combines multiple advantages such as adaptive positioning, prevention of sediment suspension, and ecological synergistic purification, resulting in superior overall performance and outstanding economic efficiency, making it highly valuable for widespread application. Example 1

[0043] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, experiments were conducted using the proposed depth-adaptive aeration purification device on a typical shallow lake. After 30 minutes of aeration, the dissolved oxygen in the water remained at approximately 7.8 mg / L, representing a stable increase of ≥51% compared to the unaerated water. Within 2 hours of aeration, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen concentrations decreased to 3.2 mg / L and 0.06 mg / L, respectively. Furthermore, during the device's operation, the turbidity of the water did not increase, remaining within the range of 28.3–31.17 NTU. These results demonstrate that the depth-adaptive aeration purification device provided by this invention can significantly improve water oxygenation and water quality without causing sediment suspension. Example 2

[0044] Experiments were conducted in typical freshwater marshes (water depth 0.4–1.0 m) to verify the feasibility of this device in achieving oxygenation and purification without causing sediment suspension under low water depth conditions. The device was set to aerate for 4 hours daily for 30 consecutive days. Results showed that the dissolved oxygen concentration increased from an initial 3.3 mg / L to 6.9 mg / L, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreased to 4.2 mg / L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration decreased to 0.1 mg / L. Compared with the original water body, the experimental group showed a significant increase in dissolved oxygen and a marked decrease in COD and ammonia nitrogen concentrations, and no sediment suspension occurred during the entire aeration process. These results validate the device's ability to efficiently oxygenate and improve water quality in freshwater marshes, demonstrating good adaptability and practicality.

[0045] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0046] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0048] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A depth-adaptive aeration purification device, characterized in that, Includes a floating bed (1), an aeration pipe (3), a support rod (5), and a bottom-contact limiting plate (6); The floating bed (1) floats on the surface of the water body, and its surface is used to arrange emergent plants (2); the floating bed (1) is provided with an air inlet (7). The aeration pipe (3) is hollow and vertically installed on the lower side of the floating bed (1). The pipe wall of the aeration pipe (3) is provided with several aeration holes (4). The bottom end of the air inlet (7) is connected to the top end of the aeration pipe (3) to connect to the external air supply pipeline and complete the gas introduction. The support rod (5) is assembled inside the aeration pipe (3), and the bottom end of the support rod (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom limiting plate (6); the top end of the support rod (5) is provided with a support plate (8) for forming a nested sliding structure with the aeration pipe (3) through clearance. The bottom-reaching limiting plate (6) is used to be placed at the bottom of the water body to provide a reference support for the telescopic sliding structure.

2. The depth-adaptive aeration purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet (7) is located at the center of the floating bed (1).

3. The depth-adaptive aeration purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting ring (9); The tray (8) is fixedly connected to the top end of the support rod (5), and the tray (8) is embedded inside the aeration pipe (3) and forms a nested sliding structure with the aeration pipe (3); The limiting ring (9) is located at the lowest end of the aeration pipe (3) and is used to limit the downward stroke of the support plate (8) to prevent the support plate (8) from slipping off the bottom end of the aeration pipe (3).

4. The depth-adaptive aeration purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tray (8) is a circular plate, and the diameter of the tray (8) is smaller than the inner diameter of the aeration pipe (3).

5. The depth adaptive aeration purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the bottom-reaching limiting plate (6) is 3 to 5 times the diameter of the support plate (8).

6. The depth-adaptive aeration purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the aeration pipe (3) is the same as the length of the support rod (5).

7. The depth adaptive aeration purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aeration holes (4) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the aeration pipe (3), and the gas is discharged horizontally through the aeration holes (4).

8. The depth adaptive aeration purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aeration pipe (3) is a corrosion-resistant rigid pipe, and the inner wall of the aeration pipe (3) is smooth and without protrusions; The pallet (8), the support rod (5), and the bottom-touching limiting plate (6) are made of engineering plastic or stainless steel.

9. The depth adaptive aeration purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The roots of the emergent plants (2) extend into the water body to adsorb and degrade pollutants in the water.

10. A deep adaptive aeration purification method, characterized in that, Using the apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-9, the steps include: The depth-adaptive aeration and purification device is deployed in the target water area. The floating bed (1) floats on the water surface, and the bottom limiting plate (6) is placed on the bottom mud. External gas is introduced into the aeration pipe (3) through the air inlet (7) and discharged horizontally through the aeration hole (4) located above the support plate (8). When the water level rises, the floating bed (1) rises synchronously with the water surface and drives the aeration pipe (3) to move upward. The support rod (5) and the support plate (8) remain relatively fixed in position due to the weight of the bottom limiting plate (6) and the support of the bottom mud. The aeration pipe (3) and the support plate (8) slide relative to each other, which increases the number of aeration holes (4) in working state located above the support plate (8). When the water level drops, the floating bed (1) sinks synchronously with the water surface and drives the aeration pipe (3) to move downward. The support plate (8) slides upward relative to the inner wall of the aeration pipe (3), so that the aeration holes (4) located below the support plate (8) and close to the bottom mud gradually stop emitting air, and the number of effective working aeration holes is automatically reduced. Throughout the entire water level change process, the aeration holes (4) in working condition always maintain a preset safe distance from the bottom sediment to avoid airflow and water flow disturbing the bottom sediment.

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