A high ductility fiber reinforced inorganic protective mortar in cooperation with waterproofing membrane and its preparation and construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high ductility fiber reinforced inorganic protective mortar in cooperation with waterproofing membrane and its preparation and construction method, the present application has excellent crack resistance, impact resistance, wear resistance, weather resistance and freeze-thaw resistance, as the rigid protection and flexible transition layer of membrane surface, greatly extend the service life of waterproofing system;High bonding characteristics make it unnecessary additional interface treatment agent, construction process is simple, widely adapts to various membrane waterproofing engineering such as roof, basement, kitchen and bathroom, external wall etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building materials, and specifically relates to a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works synergistically with waterproof membranes, as well as its preparation and construction methods. Background Technology

[0002] In building waterproofing projects, waterproof membrane is one of the most commonly used waterproofing materials, widely applied to waterproofing roofs, basements, kitchens and bathrooms, exterior walls, and other areas. However, after the waterproof membrane is laid, a protective layer is usually required on its surface to prevent it from being affected by adverse factors such as mechanical damage, UV aging, and temperature stress during subsequent construction or use.

[0003] Currently, the common practice for the protective layer on waterproof membranes is to lay a layer of ordinary cement mortar or fine aggregate concrete. However, the interfacial adhesion between ordinary cement mortar and the waterproof membrane is extremely weak, typically only 0.2~0.5MPa, far from meeting the requirements of engineering applications. This leads to problems such as delamination, hollowing, and peeling between the protective layer and the membrane. Once the interfacial adhesion fails, the protective layer loses its effective constraint and protection of the membrane, allowing moisture to seep through the interfacial voids and causing potential leaks. Furthermore, ordinary cement mortar is a brittle material with low tensile strength and a small ultimate tensile strain (typically only 0.01%~0.03%), making it highly susceptible to cracking under the influence of substrate settlement, temperature expansion and contraction, structural micro-deformation, and the cyclical stress on roofs and floors. Cracks formed after mortar cracking not only fail to protect the waterproof membrane but may also cause stress concentration at the cracks, leading to tensile cracking or puncture of the membrane and ultimately, the complete failure of the waterproof layer.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies typically involve adding an interface treatment agent or isolation layer between the waterproof membrane and the mortar protective layer. However, interface treatment agents increase construction steps and costs, and the durability of their bonding effect is difficult to guarantee. While the isolation layer reduces the risk of interface bonding failure, it creates a completely detached "two-layer skin" state between the protective layer and the membrane, failing to form a cohesive whole and thus limiting the protective effect. Furthermore, existing technologies lack an inorganic protective mortar material and corresponding construction method that can simultaneously achieve high bonding strength with the waterproof membrane, high ductility, excellent durability, and simple construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works in conjunction with waterproof membranes, as well as its preparation and construction methods, overcoming the technical problems in the prior art such as the failure of the interface bonding between ordinary mortar and waterproof membrane, the easy cracking of the mortar itself, and the inability of the protective layer and the membrane to work together.

[0006] This invention provides a protective mortar for waterproof membranes, comprising, by weight, the following components:

[0007] 50-100 parts silicate cement, 30-60 parts active mineral admixture, 120-200 parts quartz sand, 15-35 parts polymer emulsion, 5-15 parts polymer dry powder, 0.5-3.0 parts fiber, 0.1-0.5 parts cellulose ether, 0.5-2.0 parts water-reducing agent, 3-10 parts expanding agent, 0.1-0.5 parts defoamer, and 30-50 parts water.

[0008] Preferably, the silicate cement is one or more of P·O 42.5 and P·O 52.5 silicate cement; the water-reducing agent includes a polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent with a water reduction rate ≥25%.

[0009] Preferably, the expanding agent includes one or more of calcium sulfoaluminate expanding agents and magnesium oxide expanding agents; the defoamer includes organosilicon defoamers.

[0010] Preferably, the active mineral admixture is one or more of fly ash, slag powder, and silica fume; the particle size of the quartz sand is 0.1~1.0 mm.

[0011] Preferably, when the active mineral admixture is a mixture containing silica fume, the amount of silica fume does not exceed 30% of the total amount of the active mineral admixture.

[0012] Preferably, the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand in the quartz sand is 1:0.8~1.2.

[0013] Preferably, the polymer emulsion includes one or more of acrylate emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion, and vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, with a solid content ≥45%.

[0014] Preferably, the polymer powder is a redispersible latex powder, wherein the redispersible latex powder includes one or more of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer latex powder and acrylate latex powder.

[0015] Preferably, the fiber includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polypropylene fiber, and polyester fiber, wherein the fiber length is 6~18mm, the diameter is 15~40μm, the tensile strength is ≥400MPa, and the elastic modulus is ≥6GPa.

[0016] Preferably, the cellulose ether comprises hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether with a viscosity of 40,000 to 100,000 mPa·s.

[0017] Preferably, the mortar has a 28-day compressive strength ≥ 25 MPa, a 28-day flexural strength ≥ 8 MPa, a 28-day tensile bond strength ≥ 1.5 MPa, an ultimate tensile strain ≥ 0.5%, and a 28-day drying shrinkage rate ≤ 0.08%.

[0018] This invention provides a method for preparing protective mortar for waterproof membranes as described above, comprising:

[0019] Weigh each component according to the proportion, and first dry mix the silicate cement, active mineral admixture, quartz sand, polymer dry powder, cellulose ether, water-reducing agent, expanding agent and defoamer for 120~180 seconds until uniform to obtain dry mix;

[0020] The polymer emulsion is added to water and mixed evenly to form a liquid phase. The liquid phase is then added to the dry mix and wet-stirred for 180-240 seconds. Finally, the fiber is added and stirred for another 120-180 seconds until the fiber is evenly dispersed to obtain the protective mortar.

[0021] The mixing environment temperature is 5~35℃, and the mixing water temperature is 15~25℃; the slump expansion of the prepared mortar is 160~220mm, and the workable time for construction is 40~90 minutes.

[0022] This invention provides a protective mortar composite structure, which comprises, from bottom to top, a base structure layer, a waterproof membrane layer, and a protective mortar layer; wherein the waterproof membrane layer is laid on the surface of the base structure layer; the protective mortar layer is directly applied to the surface of the waterproof membrane layer and forms a firmly bonded integrated composite with the waterproof membrane layer; wherein the protective mortar layer uses any of the aforementioned protective mortars.

[0023] At detailed nodes such as inside and outside corners, pipe roots, and expansion joints, a reinforcing mesh layer is also provided in the protective mortar layer, which is laid in the middle of the mortar layer or at the lower 1 / 3 of its thickness.

[0024] This invention provides a method for constructing a protective mortar for waterproof membranes, comprising:

[0025] (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection and cleaning of the waterproof membrane surface to ensure that the waterproof membrane surface is flat, clean and free of standing water;

[0026] (2) Weigh each component according to the proportion. First, dry mix the silicate cement, active mineral admixture, quartz sand, polymer dry powder, cellulose ether, water-reducing agent, expansion agent and defoamer for 120~180 seconds until uniform to obtain dry mix. Add the polymer emulsion to water and mix evenly to form a liquid phase. Add the liquid phase to the dry mix and wet mix for 180~240 seconds. Finally, add the fiber and continue to stir for 120~180 seconds until the fiber is evenly dispersed to obtain protective mortar.

[0027] (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray water evenly on the surface of the waterproof membrane to wet it, so that the surface of the membrane is slightly wet and no interface treatment agent is required.

[0028] (4) Mortar layering: The protective mortar is applied to the surface of the waterproof membrane after the interface is moistened in step (3) by layering. The thickness of a single layer is 3~8mm and the total thickness is 10~30mm. The interval between each layer is before the next layer is constructed.

[0029] (5) Compact and finish;

[0030] (6) Curing and solidification.

[0031] Preferably, the waterproof membrane in step (1) is at least one of SBS modified bitumen waterproof membrane, self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, polymer self-adhesive membrane waterproof membrane, polyvinyl chloride waterproof membrane, and thermoplastic polyolefin waterproof membrane.

[0032] Preferably, in step (1), a comprehensive inspection and cleaning of the surface of the completed waterproof membrane is carried out;

[0033] Preferably, in step (1), the surface of the waterproof membrane is cleaned of dust, oil, debris and water, and the damaged parts of the membrane are repaired to ensure that the surface of the membrane is flat, clean and free of standing water.

[0034] The damaged parts of the waterproof membrane shall be repaired by using a membrane of the same material as the original membrane, and the repair area shall extend at least 100mm beyond the edge of the damage.

[0035] Preferably, in step (2), the mixing environment temperature is 5~35℃, the mixing water temperature is 15~25℃, the slump expansion of the mortar is 160~220mm, and the construction operation time is 40~90 minutes.

[0036] Preferably, the amount of clean water sprayed in step (3) is 0.1~0.3 kg / m³. 2 After spraying, wait 1-3 minutes to allow the surface of the roll material to be fully wetted and free of standing water.

[0037] Preferably, in step (4), at the corners, pipe roots, expansion joints and other detailed nodes, a layer of 3-5mm thick mortar is first applied to the surface of the roll material as a base layer reinforcement, and then a layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh or polyester fiber mesh is laid for reinforcement. Then, the mortar is continued to be applied in layers until the designed thickness is reached.

[0038] Preferably, in step (4), when the construction area is large, dividing joints are set with a spacing of 3~6m, a joint width of 8~12mm, and a joint depth to the surface of the waterproof membrane. The dividing joints are filled with flexible sealing material.

[0039] Preferably, step (5) compaction and finishing involves compacting each layer of mortar immediately after it is laid with a trowel to remove air from the interface between the mortar and the roll material, and finishing the outermost surface to make the surface flat and dense.

[0040] Preferably, the curing and solidification step (6) is to perform moisturizing curing after the mortar construction is completed, and the curing time is not less than 7 days. The surface is kept moist for the first 3 days, and the curing method can be adjusted appropriately according to the environmental conditions thereafter.

[0041] Furthermore, the ambient temperature during the curing period should not be lower than 5℃. When the ambient temperature is lower than 5℃, insulation covering measures should be taken. During high-temperature construction in summer, a moisturizing film or wet burlap sack should be covered on the mortar surface to avoid direct sunlight and rapid water loss.

[0042] The construction method of protective mortar for waterproof membranes produces a protective mortar composite structure.

[0043] This invention provides an application of any of the aforementioned protective mortars and the protective mortar composite structure in the surface protection and reinforcement repair of waterproof membranes in roof waterproofing projects, basement waterproofing projects, kitchen and bathroom waterproofing projects, and exterior wall waterproofing projects.

[0044] In this invention, silicate cement serves as a cementitious material, providing the basic strength of the mortar. Fine particles of active mineral admixtures fill the voids between cement particles, improving the microstructure of the mortar and participating in secondary hydration reactions, thus enhancing its density and later-stage strength. Quartz sand, as aggregate, provides the skeletal support of the mortar, and its gradation affects its workability and mechanical properties. The polymer emulsion forms a continuous polymer film in the mortar, cross-linking with cement hydration products, significantly improving the mortar's bond strength, flexibility, and durability. The polymer dry powder (redispersible latex powder) is redispersed into polymer particles after the mortar is mixed with water, forming a dual polymer modification system with the polymer emulsion, further enhancing the bonding and toughening effects. Fibers form a three-dimensional randomly distributed reinforcing network in the mortar, inhibiting crack initiation and propagation through bridging, significantly improving the mortar's crack resistance and toughness. Cellulose ethers impart good water retention and workability to the mortar, preventing excessive water loss that could lead to cracking and strength reduction. Water-reducing agents lower the water content of mortar, improving its density and strength. Expanding agents create micro-expansion to compensate for mortar shrinkage, reducing the risk of cracking. Defoamers eliminate harmful air bubbles introduced during mortar mixing, improving density.

[0045] Advantages

[0046] (1) High bonding strength and prevention of interface delamination: This invention uses dual polymer modification of polymer emulsion and polymer dry powder to form a dual bonding mechanism of chemical bonding and physical interlocking between mortar and waterproof membrane. The tensile bonding strength after 28 days can reach more than 1.5MPa, which is 3 to 5 times the bonding strength between ordinary mortar and membrane. It effectively solves the common problems of easy delamination, hollowing and peeling between ordinary mortar and membrane, and eliminates the leakage risk caused by interface bonding failure.

[0047] (2) High ductility and toughening, adaptable to deformation: The present invention adopts the synergistic effect of fiber toughening and polymer flexible modification to make the ultimate tensile strain of mortar reach more than 0.5%, which is 15 to 50 times that of ordinary mortar. It can adapt well to the settlement of the base layer, temperature expansion and contraction, structural micro deformation and the reciprocating stress of the roof and floor. It can protect the waterproof membrane from cracking, tearing and puncture damage of hard and brittle mortar, and absorb deformation stress by its own flexible ductility, so as to avoid the overall waterproof layer being broken and damaged.

[0048] (3) The unity of rigid protection and flexible transition: After the mortar of this invention is formed, it has excellent crack resistance, impact resistance, wear resistance, weather resistance and freeze-thaw resistance. It can be used as a rigid protection and flexible transition layer on the surface of the roll material to resist outdoor sun and rain, human trampling, foreign object impact and aging erosion, and greatly extend the service life of the waterproof roll material and the entire waterproof system.

[0049] (4) Simple construction without interface agent: The high bonding characteristics of this invention make it unnecessary to add an interface treatment agent. High bonding construction can be achieved simply by wetting the surface of the roll material with water. The construction process is simpler, the bonding reliability is higher, and the overall waterproof protection system is more robust.

[0050] (5) Excellent self-healing and crack-resistant seepage prevention effect: The micro-expansion effect of the expansion agent in this invention can compensate for the shrinkage of the mortar, the bridging effect of the fiber can inhibit the expansion of cracks, and the flexible deformation ability of the polymer can buffer stress concentration. The three work together to give the mortar excellent self-healing and crack-resistant seepage prevention effect, and the maintenance and repair rate is significantly reduced in the later stage.

[0051] (6) Wide compatibility: The mortar of this invention can achieve high bonding and composite with various waterproof membranes such as SBS modified bitumen waterproof membrane, self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, polymer self-adhesive film waterproof membrane, polyvinyl chloride waterproof membrane, and thermoplastic polyolefin waterproof membrane. It is widely applicable to surface protection and reinforcement repair scenarios of various membrane waterproofing projects such as roofs, basements, kitchens and bathrooms, and exterior walls. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the composite structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0054] P·O 42.5 ordinary Portland cement, fly ash, slag powder, silica fume, and quartz sand were purchased from Shanghai Baosheng New Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0055] Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, polycarboxylic acid-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent, calcium sulfoaluminate-based expanding agent, magnesium oxide-based expanding agent, silicone defoamer, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer latex powder, and acrylate latex powder were purchased from Shanghai Shangnan New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0056] Acrylic emulsion and styrene-acrylic emulsion were purchased from BASF New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0057] Polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polypropylene fiber, and polyester fiber were purchased from Shandong Changxiang Engineering Materials Co., Ltd.

[0058] According to GB / T 17671 "Test Method for Strength of Cement Mortar", standard molded specimens (such as 40mm×40mm×160mm prisms) are cured for 28 days. Then, they are loaded at a constant rate in a pressure testing machine, the failure load is recorded, and the 28-day compressive strength and flexural strength are calculated.

[0059] According to JG / T 547 "Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile Adhesives", the material is applied to a standard substrate (such as a concrete slab), cured for 28 days, and then pulled vertically with a tensile bond strength tester. The maximum tensile force at the time of detachment is recorded, and the 28-day tensile bond strength is calculated.

[0060] According to DL / T 5050-2023 "Test Procedure for Hydraulic Concrete", axial tensile specimens are formed and subjected to tension at a constant loading rate. The strain is measured by strain gauges or displacement sensors, and the total strain at failure is the ultimate tensile strain.

[0061] According to GB / T 50082 "Test Methods for Long-Term Performance and Durability of Ordinary Concrete", molded specimens (100mm×100mm×515mm) were moved into a constant temperature drying room after 3 days of standard curing. The initial length and the length change after 28 days were measured, and the shrinkage rate was calculated.

[0062] According to GB / T 50082 "Test Methods for Long-Term Performance and Durability of Ordinary Concrete", the specimens were repeatedly frozen and thawed in water at -18℃ to 5℃ (approximately 2 to 4 hours per cycle). After 50 cycles, the mass loss rate and strength loss rate were measured.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] This embodiment provides a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works synergistically with waterproof membranes, comprising the following components by weight:

[0065] 100 parts of P·O 42.5 ordinary Portland cement; 45 parts of fly ash; 160 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:1; 25 parts of acrylic emulsion, solid content 50%; 10 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer latex powder; 1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, length 12mm, diameter 26μm, tensile strength 1200MPa, elastic modulus 30GPa; 0.3 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, viscosity 60000mPa·s; 1.0 part of polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent, water reduction rate 28%; 6 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate expansive agent; 0.2 parts of organosilicon defoamer; 40 parts of water.

[0066] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0067] (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the surface of the completed SBS modified bitumen waterproof membrane, remove dust and debris from the surface of the membrane, and ensure that the surface of the membrane is flat, clean and free of standing water;

[0068] (2) Mixing and preparing mortar: Weigh each component according to the above proportions. First, dry mix cement, fly ash, quartz sand, latex powder, cellulose ether, water-reducing agent, expansion agent and defoamer for 150 seconds until uniform. Then, add acrylic emulsion to water and mix evenly to form a liquid phase. Add the liquid phase to the dry mix and wet mix for 200 seconds. Finally, add polyvinyl alcohol fiber and continue mixing for 150 seconds until the fiber is evenly dispersed to obtain mortar.

[0069] (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray 0.2 kg / m² of clean water evenly on the surface of the SBS modified bitumen waterproof membrane. 2 Wait 2 minutes to allow the surface of the roll material to be fully wetted and free of water; no interface treatment agent is required.

[0070] (4) Mortar layering: Apply mortar in three layers to the surface of the waterproof membrane. The thickness of each layer is about 5mm, and the total thickness is 15mm. The interval between each layer should be based on the completion of the next layer before the initial setting of the previous layer.

[0071] (5) Compacting and finishing: After each layer of mortar is laid, it is immediately compacted with a trowel to remove the air between the mortar and the roll material interface, and the outermost surface is finished.

[0072] (6) Curing and solidification: After the mortar construction is completed, cover it with a moisturizing film for 7 days to keep the surface moist for the first 3 days.

[0073] The mortar performance test results obtained in this embodiment are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 32.5 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 10.2 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 2.1 MPa (bonded with SBS membrane), ultimate tensile strain 0.68%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.052%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.3%, and compressive strength loss rate 4.5%.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] This embodiment provides a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works synergistically with waterproof membranes, comprising the following components by weight:

[0076] 100 parts of P·O 52.5 ordinary Portland cement; 55 parts of slag powder; 180 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:1.1; 30 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, with a solid content of 48%; 12 parts of acrylic latex powder; 2.0 parts of polypropylene fiber, with a length of 15mm, a diameter of 30μm, a tensile strength of 500MPa, and an elastic modulus of 8GPa; 0.4 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, with a viscosity of 80000mPa·s; 1.5 parts of polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent, with a water reduction rate of 30%; 8 parts of magnesium oxide expanding agent; 0.3 parts of organosilicon defoamer; and 45 parts of water.

[0077] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0078] (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the surface of the self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane that has been constructed, remove dust, oil stains and debris from the surface of the membrane, and repair a 15mm damaged area with the same material membrane, with the repair area extending 120mm beyond the edge of the damage.

[0079] (2) Mixing and preparing mortar: Weigh each component according to the above proportions. First, dry mix cement, slag powder, quartz sand, latex powder, cellulose ether, water-reducing agent, expansion agent and defoamer for 160 seconds until uniform. Then, add styrene-acrylic emulsion to water and mix evenly to form a liquid phase. Add the liquid phase to the dry mix and wet mix for 210 seconds. Finally, add polypropylene fiber and continue mixing for 160 seconds until the fiber is evenly dispersed to obtain mortar.

[0080] (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray 0.15 kg / m² of clean water evenly on the surface of the self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane. 2 Wait 2 minutes;

[0081] (4) Mortar layering: The mortar is applied to the surface of the waterproof membrane in four layers. The thickness of each layer is about 5mm, and the total thickness is 20mm. The interval between each layer is based on the completion of the next layer before the initial setting of the previous layer.

[0082] (5) Compacting and finishing: After each layer of mortar is laid, it is immediately compacted with a trowel, and the outermost surface is finished.

[0083] (6) Curing and solidification: After the mortar construction is completed, cover it with wet burlap sacks for 7 days to keep it moist. Keep the surface moist for the first 3 days.

[0084] The mortar performance test results obtained in this embodiment are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 35.8 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 11.5 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 1.9 MPa (bonded with self-adhesive membrane), ultimate tensile strain 0.72%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.048%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.2%, and compressive strength loss rate 3.8%.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] This embodiment provides a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works synergistically with waterproof membranes, comprising the following components by weight:

[0087] 100 parts of P·O 42.5 ordinary Portland cement; a mixture of 15 parts silica fume and 30 parts fly ash (the silica fume content accounts for 33.3% of the total active mineral admixture, close to the upper limit of 30%, this example is used to verify the performance when the silica fume content is close to the upper limit); 140 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:0.9; 20 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, with a solid content of 50%; vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion... 8 parts polylatex powder; a mixture of 1.0 part polyvinyl alcohol fiber (12 mm in length, 26 μm in diameter) and 0.5 part polyester fiber (10 mm in length, 20 μm in diameter, tensile strength 600 MPa, elastic modulus 10 GPa); 0.2 parts hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, viscosity 50000 mPa·s; 0.8 parts polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent, water reduction rate 26%; 5 parts calcium sulfoaluminate-based expanding agent; 0.15 parts silicone defoamer; 35 parts water.

[0088] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0089] (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the surface of the completed polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane, remove dust and debris from the surface of the membrane, and ensure that there is no standing water;

[0090] (2) Proportioning and mixing of mortar: Weigh each component according to the above proportions. First, dry mix cement, silica fume, fly ash, quartz sand, latex powder, cellulose ether, water-reducing agent, expansion agent and defoamer for 130 seconds until uniform. Then, add vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion to water and mix evenly to form a liquid phase. Add the liquid phase to the dry mix and wet mix for 190 seconds. Finally, add the mixed fiber and continue mixing for 130 seconds until the fiber is evenly dispersed to obtain mortar.

[0091] (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray 0.25 kg / m² of clean water evenly on the surface of the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane. 2 Wait 3 minutes;

[0092] (4) Mortar layering: Apply mortar in two layers to the surface of the waterproof membrane. The thickness of each layer is about 5mm, and the total thickness is 10mm. The interval between each layer should be based on the completion of the next layer before the initial setting of the previous layer.

[0093] (5) Compacting and finishing: After each layer of mortar is laid, it is immediately compacted with a trowel, and the outermost surface is finished.

[0094] (6) Curing and solidification: After the mortar construction is completed, cover it with a moisturizing film for 7 days to keep the surface moist for the first 3 days.

[0095] The mortar performance test results obtained in this embodiment are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 30.2 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 9.5 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 1.8 MPa (bonded with polymer self-adhesive film roll), ultimate tensile strain 0.55%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.060%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.4%, and compressive strength loss rate 5.2%.

[0096] Example 4

[0097] This embodiment provides a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works synergistically with waterproof membranes, comprising the following components by weight:

[0098] The mixture comprises: 100 parts of P·O 42.5 ordinary Portland cement; 35 parts of fly ash and 15 parts of slag powder; 190 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:1.2; 32 parts of acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 52%; 14 parts of acrylic latex powder; 2.5 parts of polyester fiber with a length of 18mm, a diameter of 35μm, a tensile strength of 700MPa, and an elastic modulus of 12GPa; 0.45 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether with a viscosity of 90000mPa·s; 1.8 parts of polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent with a water reduction rate of 32%; 9 parts of magnesium oxide expanding agent; 0.4 parts of silicone defoamer; and 48 parts of water.

[0099] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0100] (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the surface of the completed PVC waterproof membrane and remove dust and debris from the surface of the membrane;

[0101] (2) Mixing and preparing mortar: Weigh each component according to the above proportions, dry mix for 170 seconds, wet mix for 230 seconds, add fiber and mix for 170 seconds to obtain mortar;

[0102] (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray 0.3 kg / m² of clean water evenly on the surface of the PVC waterproof membrane and wait for 2 minutes;

[0103] (4) Mortar layering: The mortar is applied to the surface of the waterproof membrane in four layers. The thickness of each layer is about 7-8mm, and the total thickness is 30mm. The interval between each layer is based on the completion of the next layer before the initial setting of the previous layer. Dividing joints are set with a spacing of 4m, a joint width of 10mm, and a joint depth to the surface of the waterproof membrane. The dividing joints are filled with polyurethane sealant.

[0104] (5) Compacting and finishing: After each layer of mortar is laid, it is immediately compacted with a trowel, and the outermost surface is finished.

[0105] (6) Curing and solidification: After the mortar construction is completed, cover it with wet burlap sacks for 7 days to keep it moist. Keep the surface moist for the first 3 days.

[0106] The mortar performance test results obtained in this embodiment are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 28.6 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 9.8 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 1.7 MPa (bonded with PVC roll material), ultimate tensile strain 0.82%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.045%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.2%, and compressive strength loss rate 3.2%.

[0107] Example 5

[0108] This embodiment provides a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works synergistically with waterproof membranes, comprising the following components by weight:

[0109] The composition includes: 100 parts of P·O 52.5 ordinary Portland cement; a mixture of 40 parts of slag powder and 10 parts of silica fume; 150 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:0.8; 22 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 46%; 7 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer latex powder; 2.8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber with a length of 6mm, a diameter of 15μm, a tensile strength of 1500MPa, and an elastic modulus of 35GPa; 0.15 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether with a viscosity of 40000mPa·s; 0.6 parts of polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent with a water reduction rate of 25%; 4 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate expansive agent; 0.12 parts of organosilicon defoamer; and 33 parts of water.

[0110] The construction method in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, with the only difference being:

[0111] In step (1), the waterproof membrane is a thermoplastic polyolefin waterproof membrane;

[0112] In step (3), the amount of clean water sprayed is 0.1 kg / m³. 2 Wait 1 minute;

[0113] In step (4), the mortar is laid in three layers, with each layer being about 4mm thick and the total thickness being 12mm.

[0114] The mortar performance test results obtained in this embodiment are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 36.2 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 12.0 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 2.3 MPa (bonded with TPO membrane), ultimate tensile strain 0.58%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.055%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.3%, and compressive strength loss rate 4.0%.

[0115] Example 6

[0116] This embodiment provides a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works in conjunction with waterproof membranes for roof waterproofing projects. It comprises the following components by weight:

[0117] 100 parts of P·O 42.5 ordinary Portland cement; 50 parts of fly ash; 170 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:1; 28 parts of acrylic emulsion, solid content 50%; 11 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer latex powder; 1.8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, length 12mm, diameter 26μm, tensile strength 1200MPa, elastic modulus 30GPa; 0.35 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, viscosity 70000mPa·s; 1.2 parts of polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent, water reduction rate 29%; 7 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate expansive agent; 0.25 parts of organosilicon defoamer; 42 parts of water.

[0118] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0119] (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the surface of the completed SBS modified bitumen waterproof membrane, remove dust and debris from the surface of the membrane, and ensure that there is no standing water;

[0120] (2) Mixing and preparing mortar: Weigh each component according to the above proportions, dry mix for 150 seconds, wet mix for 200 seconds, add fiber and mix for 150 seconds to obtain mortar.

[0121] (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray 0.2 kg / m of clean water evenly on the surface of the roll material. 2 Wait 2 minutes;

[0122] (4) Mortar layering: Apply mortar in three layers to the surface of the waterproof membrane. The thickness of each layer is about 6mm, and the total thickness is 18mm. At the inside and outside corners of the parapet wall, first apply a 3mm thick mortar base layer for reinforcement, then lay alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh for reinforcement, and then apply mortar in layers to the designed thickness. The mortar layer at the inside and outside corners is connected to the flat mortar layer in an arc shape. Set up dividing joints with a spacing of 6m, a joint width of 10mm, and a joint depth to the surface of the membrane. The dividing joints are filled with polyurethane sealant.

[0123] (5) Compacting and finishing: After each layer of mortar is laid, it is immediately compacted with a trowel, and the outermost surface is finished.

[0124] (6) Curing and solidification: After the mortar construction is completed, cover it with a moisturizing film for 7 days to keep it moist. Keep the surface moist for the first 3 days. During summer construction, cover the mortar surface with wet burlap sacks to avoid direct sunlight.

[0125] The mortar performance test results obtained in this embodiment are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 33.1 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 10.8 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 2.0 MPa, ultimate tensile strain 0.65%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.050%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.3%, and compressive strength loss rate 4.2%.

[0126] Example 7

[0127] This embodiment provides a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works in conjunction with waterproof membranes for use in basement sidewall waterproofing projects. It comprises the following components by weight:

[0128] The composition includes: 100 parts of P·O 42.5 ordinary Portland cement; a mixture of 50 parts of slag powder and 10 parts of silica fume; 175 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:1.1; 26 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 48%; 9 parts of acrylic latex powder; 1.2 parts of polypropylene fiber with a length of 12mm, a diameter of 25μm, a tensile strength of 550MPa, and an elastic modulus of 9GPa; 0.3 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether with a viscosity of 60000mPa·s; 1.0 part of polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent with a water reduction rate of 27%; 6 parts of magnesium oxide expanding agent; 0.2 parts of organosilicon defoamer; and 38 parts of water.

[0129] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0130] (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the surface of the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane that has been installed on the basement side wall, and remove dust and debris from the surface of the membrane;

[0131] (2) Mixing and preparing mortar: Weigh each component according to the above proportions, dry mix for 140 seconds, wet mix for 200 seconds, add fiber and mix for 140 seconds to obtain mortar;

[0132] (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray 0.15 kg / m² of clean water evenly on the surface of the roll material and wait for 2 minutes;

[0133] (4) Mortar layering: Apply mortar in three layers to the surface of the waterproof membrane. The thickness of each layer is about 5mm, and the total thickness is 15mm. At the inside corner where the side wall and the bottom plate meet, first apply a 4mm thick mortar base layer for reinforcement, then lay alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh for reinforcement, and then apply mortar in layers to the designed thickness.

[0134] (5) Compacting and finishing: After each layer of mortar is laid, it is immediately compacted with a trowel, and the outermost surface is finished.

[0135] (6) Curing and solidification: After the mortar construction is completed, cover it with a moisturizing film for 7 days of curing. Keep the surface moist for the first 3 days. During the curing period, the ambient temperature should be 12℃, which should not be lower than 5℃.

[0136] The mortar performance test results obtained in this embodiment are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 34.5 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 11.0 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 1.9 MPa, ultimate tensile strain 0.62%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.046%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.2%, and compressive strength loss rate 3.5%.

[0137] Example 8

[0138] This embodiment provides a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works in conjunction with waterproof membranes for use in kitchen and bathroom waterproofing projects. It comprises the following components by weight:

[0139] 100 parts of P·O 42.5 ordinary Portland cement; 40 parts of fly ash; 130 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:0.8; 18 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, solid content 50%; 6 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer latex powder; 0.8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, length 9mm, diameter 20μm, tensile strength 1300MPa, elastic modulus 32GPa; 0.18 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, viscosity 45000mPa·s; 0.6 parts of polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent, water reduction rate 26%; 4 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate expansive agent; 0.12 parts of organosilicon defoamer; 32 parts of water.

[0140] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0141] (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the surface of the self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane that has been installed in the kitchen and bathroom, and remove dust and debris from the surface of the membrane.

[0142] (2) Mixing and preparing mortar: Weigh each component according to the above proportions, dry mix for 120 seconds, wet mix for 180 seconds, add fiber and mix for 120 seconds to obtain mortar;

[0143] (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray 0.1 kg / m² of clean water evenly on the surface of the roll material and wait for 1 minute;

[0144] (4) Mortar layering: Apply mortar in two layers to the surface of the waterproof membrane. The thickness of each layer is about 5mm, and the total thickness is 10mm. At the root of the pipe, first apply a 3mm thick mortar base layer for reinforcement, then lay polyester fiber mesh cloth for reinforcement. Turn the mesh cloth up 50mm along the pipe, and then apply mortar in layers to the designed thickness. The mortar layer at the root of the pipe and the ground mortar layer are connected in an arc shape.

[0145] (5) Compacting and finishing: After each layer of mortar is laid, it is immediately compacted with a trowel, and the outermost surface is finished.

[0146] (6) Curing and solidification: After the mortar construction is completed, cover it with a moisturizing film for 7 days to keep the surface moist for the first 3 days.

[0147] The mortar performance test results obtained in this embodiment are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 29.8 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 8.8 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 1.6 MPa, ultimate tensile strain 0.52%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.065%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.5%, and compressive strength loss rate 5.5%.

[0148] Example 9

[0149] This embodiment provides a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works in conjunction with waterproof membranes for use in exterior wall waterproofing projects. It comprises the following components by weight:

[0150] The composition includes: 100 parts of P·O 52.5 ordinary Portland cement; a mixture of 30 parts fly ash and 8 parts silica fume; 155 parts quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:1; 35 parts acrylate emulsion with a solid content of 52%; 15 parts acrylate latex powder; a mixture of 2.0 parts polyvinyl alcohol fiber (15mm in length, 30μm in diameter) and 0.5 parts polypropylene fiber (12mm in length, 25μm in diameter); 0.5 parts hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether with a viscosity of 100000mPa·s; 2.0 parts polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent with a water reduction rate of 33%; 10 parts calcium sulfoaluminate expansive agent; 0.5 parts organosilicon defoamer; and 50 parts water.

[0151] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0152] (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the surface of the polyvinyl chloride waterproof membrane that has been installed on the exterior wall, and remove dust and debris from the surface of the membrane;

[0153] (2) Mixing and preparing mortar: Weigh each component according to the above proportions, dry mix for 180 seconds, wet mix for 240 seconds, add fiber and mix for 180 seconds to obtain mortar;

[0154] (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray 0.2 kg / m of clean water evenly on the surface of the roll material. 2 Wait 2 minutes;

[0155] (4) Mortar layering: Apply mortar in three layers to the surface of the waterproof membrane. The thickness of each layer is about 6mm, and the total thickness is 18mm. At the inside and outside corners of door and window openings, first apply a 4mm thick mortar base layer for reinforcement, then lay alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh for reinforcement, and then apply mortar in layers to the designed thickness. For large exterior wall areas, set up partition joints with a spacing of 3m, a joint width of 8mm, and a joint depth to the surface of the membrane. Fill the partition joints with silicone sealant.

[0156] (5) Compacting and finishing: After each layer of mortar is laid, it is immediately compacted with a trowel, and the outermost surface is finished.

[0157] (6) Curing and solidification: After the mortar construction is completed, cover it with a moisturizing film for 7 days to keep the surface moist for the first 3 days; during the high temperature construction in summer, cover the mortar surface with wet burlap sacks to avoid direct sunlight and rapid water loss.

[0158] The mortar performance test results obtained in this embodiment are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 31.5 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 10.5 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 2.2 MPa, ultimate tensile strain 0.75%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.042%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.2%, and compressive strength loss rate 3.0%.

[0159] Example 10

[0160] This embodiment provides a high-ductility fiber-reinforced inorganic protective mortar that works in conjunction with waterproof membranes for the reinforcement and repair of existing waterproofing projects. It comprises the following components by weight:

[0161] The mixture comprises: 100 parts of P·O 42.5 ordinary Portland cement; 35 parts of fly ash and 20 parts of slag powder; 145 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:0.9; 23 parts of acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 50%; 9 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer latex powder; 1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber with a length of 12mm, a diameter of 26μm, a tensile strength of 1200MPa, and an elastic modulus of 30GPa; 0.28 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether with a viscosity of 55000mPa·s; 1.0 part of polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent with a water reduction rate of 28%; a composite expanding agent consisting of 5 parts of magnesium oxide expanding agent and 3 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate expanding agent; 0.2 parts of organosilicon defoamer; and 37 parts of water.

[0162] The construction method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0163] (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the surface of the roof SBS modified bitumen waterproof membrane that has been used for 8 years, remove dust, oil stains, aging layer and debris from the surface of the membrane, and repair the 3 local damaged areas with the same material membrane, with the repair area extending 150mm beyond the edge of the damage. Use a wire brush to grind and clean the slightly powdery areas on the surface of the membrane until the fresh membrane surface is exposed.

[0164] (2) Mixing and preparing mortar: Weigh each component according to the above proportions, dry mix for 150 seconds, wet mix for 210 seconds, add fiber and mix for 150 seconds to obtain mortar;

[0165] (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray 0.25 kg / m of clean water evenly on the surface of the roll material. 2 Wait 3 minutes to allow the surface of the aged roll material to be fully wetted;

[0166] (4) Mortar layering: Apply mortar in three layers to the surface of the waterproof membrane. The thickness of each layer is about 5mm, and the total thickness is 15mm. At the original membrane overlap and repair areas, first apply a 3mm thick mortar base layer for reinforcement, then lay alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh for reinforcement, and then apply mortar in layers to the designed thickness.

[0167] (5) Compacting and finishing: After each layer of mortar is laid, it is immediately compacted with a trowel, and the outermost surface is finished.

[0168] (6) Curing and solidification: After the mortar construction is completed, cover it with a moisturizing film for 7 days to keep the surface moist for the first 3 days.

[0169] The mortar performance test results obtained in this embodiment are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 31.8 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 9.9 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 1.8 MPa (bonded with aged SBS membrane), ultimate tensile strain 0.60%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.055%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.4%, and compressive strength loss rate 4.8%.

[0170] Comparative Example 1

[0171] This comparative example provides a common cement mortar, which by weight comprises: 100 parts of P·O 42.5 ordinary Portland cement, 300 parts of medium sand, and 50 parts of water, without the addition of polymer emulsion, polymer dry powder, fiber, cellulose ether, water-reducing agent, expanding agent, and defoamer.

[0172] The construction method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that in step (3), a polymer interface treatment agent needs to be applied to the surface of the roll material, and the mortar can be laid after the interface treatment agent has dried.

[0173] The performance test results of the mortar prepared in this comparative example are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 22.5 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 5.2 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 0.35 MPa (bonded with SBS membrane, with interface treatment agent added), ultimate tensile strain 0.02%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.150%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 2.8%, and compressive strength loss rate 18.5%.

[0174] Comparative Example 2

[0175] This comparative example provides a modified mortar containing only polymer emulsion and no fibers, comprising, by weight: 100 parts of P·O 52.5 ordinary Portland cement; a mixture of 30 parts of fly ash and 8 parts of silica fume; 155 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:1; 35 parts of acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 52%; 15 parts of acrylic latex powder; 0.5 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether with a viscosity of 100000mPa·s; 2.0 parts of polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent with a water reduction rate of 33%; 10 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate-based expanding agent; 0.5 parts of silicone defoamer; and 50 parts of water, without fibers.

[0176] The construction method of this comparative example is exactly the same as that of Example 1.

[0177] The performance test results of the mortar prepared in this comparative example are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 34.2 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 8.5 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 1.8 MPa, ultimate tensile strain 0.25%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.068%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 0.8%, and compressive strength loss rate 8.2%.

[0178] Comparative Example 3

[0179] This comparative example provides a modified mortar containing only fibers and no polymers, comprising, by weight: 100 parts of P·O52.5 ordinary Portland cement; a mixture of 30 parts of fly ash and 8 parts of silica fume; 155 parts of quartz sand, wherein the weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand is 1:1; a mixture of 2.0 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber (15mm in length, 30μm in diameter) and 0.5 parts of polypropylene fiber (12mm in length, 25μm in diameter); 0.5 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether with a viscosity of 100000mPa·s; 2.0 parts of polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent with a water reduction rate of 33%; 10 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate-based expanding agent; 0.5 parts of organosilicon defoamer; and 50 parts of water, without polymer emulsions or polymer powders.

[0180] The construction method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that in step (3), a polymer interface treatment agent needs to be applied to the surface of the roll material.

[0181] The performance test results of the mortar prepared in this comparative example are as follows: 28-day compressive strength 30.5 MPa, 28-day flexural strength 7.8 MPa, 28-day tensile bond strength 0.45 MPa (bonded with SBS membrane, with interface treatment agent added), ultimate tensile strain 0.35%, 28-day drying shrinkage rate 0.095%, mass loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles 1.2%, and compressive strength loss rate 10.5%.

[0182] The performance test results of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are summarized in the table below.

[0183]

[0184] The data in the table above shows that:

[0185] (1) The mortars of Examples 1-10 of the present invention all achieved a tensile bond strength of over 1.6 MPa after 28 days, which is 4.6-6.6 times that of Comparative Example 1 (ordinary mortar) and 3.6-5.1 times that of Comparative Example 3 (fiber-modified only, without polymer). This indicates that the dual polymer modification of polymer emulsion and polymer dry powder is the key factor in achieving high bonding strength with waterproof membranes. Even with the use of interface treatment agents, the bonding strength of Comparative Examples 1 and 3 is still far lower than that of the present invention.

[0186] (2) The ultimate tensile strain of the mortars in Examples 1 to 10 of the present invention all reached more than 0.5%, which is 26 to 41 times that of Comparative Example 1 and 2.0 to 3.3 times that of Comparative Example 2 (polymer-modified only, without fiber), indicating that fiber toughening is the key factor for achieving high ductility in the mortar. The synergistic effect of polymer and fiber enables the mortar to have both high adhesion and high ductility.

[0187] (3) The 28-day drying shrinkage rate of the mortar in Examples 1 to 10 of the present invention does not exceed 0.065%, which is much lower than 0.150% of Comparative Example 1 and 0.095% of Comparative Example 3, indicating that the micro-expansion compensation of the expansion agent and the constraint effect of the fiber effectively inhibit the shrinkage and cracking of the mortar.

[0188] (4) The mass loss rate and strength loss rate of the mortars in Examples 1 to 10 of the present invention after 50 freeze-thaw cycles are much lower than those in the comparative example, indicating that polymer modification and fiber toughening significantly improve the freeze-thaw durability of the mortar.

[0189] In summary, this invention achieves high adhesion through dual polymer modification, high ductility through fiber toughening, and low cracking tendency through expansion agent compensation for shrinkage. The synergistic effect of these three factors gives the mortar high bonding strength, high ductility, and excellent durability with waterproof membranes. It can be directly applied to the surface of waterproof membranes to form a strong and integrated composite, without the need for interface treatment agents. It is easy to construct and widely applicable to surface protection and reinforcement repair of various types of waterproof membrane projects.

[0190] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective mortar for waterproof membranes, characterized in that, By weight, the components include: 50-100 parts silicate cement, 30-60 parts active mineral admixture, 120-200 parts quartz sand, 15-35 parts polymer emulsion, 5-15 parts polymer dry powder, 0.5-3.0 parts fiber, 0.1-0.5 parts cellulose ether, 0.5-2.0 parts water-reducing agent, 3-10 parts expanding agent, 0.1-0.5 parts defoamer, and 30-50 parts water.

2. The protective mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silicate cement is one or more of P·O 42.5 and P·O 52.5 silicate cement; the water-reducing agent includes a polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent with a water reduction rate ≥25%; The expanding agent includes one or more of calcium sulfoaluminate expanding agents and magnesium oxide expanding agents; the defoamer includes organosilicon defoamers.

3. The protective mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active mineral admixture is one or more of fly ash, slag powder, and silica fume; the particle size of the quartz sand is 0.1~1.0mm.

4. The protective mortar according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the active mineral admixture is a mixture containing silica fume, the amount of silica fume therein shall not exceed 30% of the total amount of the active mineral admixture; The weight ratio of 0.1~0.4mm fine sand to 0.5~1.0mm medium sand in the quartz sand is 1:0.8~1.

2.

5. The protective mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer emulsion includes one or more of acrylate emulsions, styrene-acrylic emulsions, and vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsions, with a solid content ≥45%; The polymer powder is a redispersible latex powder, wherein the redispersible latex powder includes one or more of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer latex powder and acrylate latex powder; The fiber includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polypropylene fiber, and polyester fiber, wherein the fiber length is 6~18mm, the diameter is 15~40μm, the tensile strength is ≥400MPa, and the elastic modulus is ≥6GPa. The cellulose ether includes hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether with a viscosity of 40,000 to 100,000 mPa·s.

6. A method for preparing the protective mortar for waterproof membranes according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising: Weigh each component according to the proportion, and first dry mix the silicate cement, active mineral admixture, quartz sand, polymer dry powder, cellulose ether, water-reducing agent, expanding agent and defoamer for 120~180 seconds until uniform to obtain dry mix; The polymer emulsion is added to water and mixed evenly to form a liquid phase. The liquid phase is then added to the dry mix and wet-stirred for 180-240 seconds. Finally, the fiber is added and stirred for another 120-180 seconds until the fiber is evenly dispersed to obtain the protective mortar.

7. A protective mortar composite structure, characterized in that, The protective mortar composite structure comprises, from bottom to top, a base structure layer, a waterproof membrane layer, and a protective mortar layer; wherein the waterproof membrane layer is laid on the surface of the base structure layer; the protective mortar layer is directly applied to the surface of the waterproof membrane layer and forms a firmly bonded integrated composite with the waterproof membrane layer; wherein the protective mortar layer uses any of the protective mortars described in claims 1-5.

8. A method for constructing a protective mortar for waterproof membranes, comprising: (1) Base layer inspection and cleaning: Conduct a comprehensive inspection and cleaning of the waterproof membrane surface to ensure that the waterproof membrane surface is flat, clean and free of standing water; (2) Weigh each component according to the proportion. First, dry mix the silicate cement, active mineral admixture, quartz sand, polymer dry powder, cellulose ether, water-reducing agent, expansion agent and defoamer for 120~180 seconds until uniform to obtain dry mix. Add the polymer emulsion to water and mix evenly to form a liquid phase. Add the liquid phase to the dry mix and wet mix for 180~240 seconds. Finally, add the fiber and continue to stir for 120~180 seconds until the fiber is evenly dispersed to obtain protective mortar. (3) Interface wetting treatment: Spray water evenly on the surface of the waterproof membrane to wet it, so that the surface of the membrane is slightly damp; (4) Mortar layering: The protective mortar is applied to the surface of the waterproof membrane after the interface is moistened in step (3) by layering. The thickness of a single layer is 3~8mm and the total thickness is 10~30mm. The interval between each layer is before the next layer is constructed. (5) Compact and finish; (6) Curing and solidification.

9. The construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step (1), the waterproof membrane is at least one of SBS modified bitumen waterproof membrane, self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, polymer self-adhesive membrane waterproof membrane, polyvinyl chloride waterproof membrane, and thermoplastic polyolefin waterproof membrane. In step (1), a comprehensive inspection and cleaning of the surface of the completed waterproof membrane is carried out; In step (1), dust, oil, debris and water are removed from the surface of the roll material, and damaged parts of the roll material are repaired to ensure that the surface of the roll material is flat, clean and free of standing water. In step (2), the ambient temperature for mixing is 5~35℃, and the temperature of the water used for mixing is 15~25℃; the slump expansion of the mortar is 160~220mm, and the workable time for construction is 40~90 minutes. In step (3), the amount of clean water sprayed is 0.1~0.3 kg / m³. 2 After spraying, wait 1-3 minutes to allow the surface of the roll material to be fully wetted and free of standing water; Step (5) compaction and finishing involves compacting each layer of mortar immediately after it is laid, removing air between the mortar and the roll material interface, and finishing the outermost surface to make it flat and dense. The curing and solidification step (6) involves moisturizing and curing the mortar after the mortar construction is completed. The curing time shall not be less than 7 days. Keep the surface moist for the first 3 days, and the curing method can be adjusted appropriately according to the environmental conditions thereafter.

10. The application of any one of the protective mortars described in claims 1-5 and the composite structure of the protective mortar described in claim 7 in the surface protection and reinforcement repair of waterproof membranes in roof waterproofing projects, basement waterproofing projects, kitchen and bathroom waterproofing projects, and exterior wall waterproofing projects.

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