Method and device for reducing residual stress by means of thermal-magnetic composite aging

Abstract

The application relates to a method and a device for reducing residual stress of a ferromagnetic material by thermomagnetic aging, the method comprising the following steps: S1, placing the ferromagnetic material to be treated in a treatment station; S2, simultaneously applying a low-heat temperature field and an alternating electromagnetic field to the ferromagnetic material, and maintaining the treatment duration of 5-90 minutes; wherein the temperature of the low-heat temperature field is lower than the recrystallization temperature of the ferromagnetic material, and the intensity of the alternating electromagnetic field is greater than a preset threshold; S3, stopping applying the low-heat temperature field and the alternating electromagnetic field after the treatment duration is reached, and completing the residual stress reduction treatment of the ferromagnetic material. Through the coupling mechanism of the heat field changing the magnetic elastic energy pattern and the magnetic field providing a directional driving path, the dislocation slip, annihilation and stress concentration zone relaxation are promoted, so that the stress reduction efficiency far exceeding the simple superposition of a single method is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of stress reduction technology for metallic materials, specifically to a method and apparatus for reducing residual stress through a combination of temperature and magnetic aging. Background Technology

[0002] Iron-core silicon steel sheets are the core soft magnetic materials for power equipment such as generators and transformers. Residual stress within these sheets can severely affect their magnetic properties, mechanical stability, and service life. Therefore, reducing residual stress is a key technical aspect for improving the energy efficiency and reliability of power equipment.

[0003] Currently, methods for reducing residual stress mainly include thermal aging, electromagnetic aging, vibration aging, and various composite aging techniques. Thermal aging releases stress by heating to near the recrystallization temperature and holding at that temperature. While effective, it is energy-intensive, prone to causing material phase transformation and performance degradation, and unsuitable for silicon steel sheets with high surface quality requirements. Electromagnetic aging utilizes alternating magnetic fields to induce magnetostriction, promoting dislocation movement and stress redistribution. It offers advantages such as non-contact operation and low energy consumption, but its stress reduction effect on silicon steel sheets is limited, especially at room temperature. Vibration aging reduces stress by causing microscopic plastic deformation through mechanical vibration, but this can lead to surface indentations and damage to the integrity of the silicon steel sheet's laminated structure. Existing composite aging technologies (such as magnetic vibration composite and thermal vibration composite) combine two physical fields to achieve synergistic effects, but still suffer from high energy consumption and potential material deformation / surface damage.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies struggle to effectively reduce residual stress in ferromagnetic materials such as silicon steel sheets while achieving high efficiency, non-contact operation, low energy consumption, and without damaging the material's surface or properties. For high-quality silicon steel sheets, a new stress reduction strategy is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problem that existing technologies struggle to effectively reduce residual stress in ferromagnetic materials efficiently, non-contactly, with low energy consumption, and without damaging the materials, this invention provides a method and apparatus for reducing residual stress through thermomagnetic composite aging.

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for reducing residual stress through a combined thermal-magnetic aging process, the method comprising: S1: placing the ferromagnetic material to be treated at a processing station; S2: simultaneously applying a low-heat temperature field and an alternating electromagnetic field to the ferromagnetic material and maintaining the processing time for 5 to 90 minutes; wherein the temperature of the low-heat temperature field is lower than the recrystallization temperature of the ferromagnetic material, and the intensity of the alternating electromagnetic field is greater than 1T; S3: after the processing time is reached, stopping the application of the low-heat temperature field and the alternating electromagnetic field, thereby completing the residual stress reduction treatment of the ferromagnetic material.

[0007] This method overcomes the limitations of single physical field interactions by coupling a low-temperature field and an alternating electromagnetic field. The low-temperature field enhances the thermal activity of atoms within the material, effectively reducing the energy barrier for the movement of defects such as dislocations. Simultaneously, the alternating electromagnetic field induces a periodic micro-strain field within the material through magnetostriction, driving irreversible motion of magnetic domain walls. The two fields are not simply superimposed; rather, through a coupling mechanism where the thermal field alters the magnetoelastic energy pattern and the magnetic field provides a directional driving path, they synergistically promote dislocation slip and annihilation, as well as the relaxation of stress concentration regions, thus achieving stress reduction efficiency far exceeding that of simple superposition methods.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments, in step S2, the temperature of the low-temperature field is no greater than 300°C, and the magnetic induction intensity of the alternating electromagnetic field is greater than 1T. This combination of parameters has been proven to be a preferred window for triggering significant thermomagnetic synergy, ensuring both high responsiveness to magnetostriction and magnetic domain dynamics, while strictly avoiding material phase transitions or performance degradation due to excessively high temperatures.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, in step S2, the low-heat temperature field and the alternating electromagnetic field are simultaneously applied to the ferromagnetic material through coordinated control. This ensures that the two physical fields can act on the material simultaneously, which is a prerequisite for achieving their deep coupling effect.

[0010] In some preferred embodiments, the method further includes, before step S2: S0: determining an optimized combination of the temperature of the low-heat temperature field and the intensity of the alternating electromagnetic field based on the material parameters of the target ferromagnetic material and a preset synergistic effect factor model; wherein, the synergistic effect factor model is used to quantify the stress reduction enhancement effect of thermomagnetic composite aging relative to single thermal aging and single electromagnetic aging. This step achieves a leap from empirical trial and error to model-guided process optimization.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments, the synergistic effect factor S is calculated using the following formula: ,in: , , The stress reduction amounts are respectively the combined thermal and magnetic aging, single thermal aging, and single electromagnetic aging. This refers to the material-related synergy coefficient (an empirical coefficient obtained through standardized calibration experiments for different materials). At room temperature For reference magnetic field strength, and Temperature and room temperature Magnetostrictive strain under the following conditions and denoted as domain wall mobility at temperature T and room temperature T0, respectively, and H is the magnetic field strength of the alternating electromagnetic field. The reference magnetic field strength.

[0012] This synergistic effect factor model is derived based on the following revealed thermomagnetic synergistic physical coupling mechanism, and is used to quantify the enhancement effect of "1+1>2". The formula shows that when In and The sensitive region, and When large enough, Experimental observations The value ≈1.41 is an example of this model under specific process parameters. This model provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of process parameters in this invention.

[0013] in, -1 reflects the change in the intrinsic magnetostrictive ability of a material due to temperature: molecules Actual magnetostrictive strain at operating temperature. Increased temperature typically reduces magnetic anisotropy and coercivity, making the strain less effective under the same magnetic field. It is easier to magnetize, thus increasing ; denominator : Actual magnetostrictive strain at room temperature; "-1": indicates the enhanced portion.

[0014] This reflects the effective ability, determined by both temperature and magnetic field, to actually drive the movement of magnetic domains (thus producing magnetostriction): The amplification factor for the effect of temperature on magnetic domain activity; The relative intensity factor of magnetic field strength.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments, in step S3, after the application of the low-heat temperature field is stopped, the ferromagnetic material is cooled to room temperature while the alternating electromagnetic field is maintained or decays naturally. This cooling method helps maintain the stability of the magnetic domain structure during the relaxation phase after stress reduction, thus consolidating the treatment effect.

[0016] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a device for realizing the temperature-magnetic composite aging described in any of the above methods. The device includes: a clamping module for fixing the ferromagnetic material to be processed; a temperature field generating module for generating the low-heat temperature field; a magnetic field generating module for generating the alternating electromagnetic field; and a coordinated control module for controlling the temperature field generating module and the magnetic field generating module to simultaneously apply the low-heat temperature field and the alternating electromagnetic field to the ferromagnetic material and maintain a preset processing time, wherein the processing time is 5 to 90 minutes.

[0017] This device provides the hardware foundation for achieving the precision, controllability, and adjustability of the temperature-magnetic synergy process.

[0018] In another aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium for implementing the above-described method.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves efficient, uniform, and non-contact reduction of residual stress in ferromagnetic materials by simultaneously applying a low-heat temperature field and an alternating electromagnetic field, utilizing the synergistic coupling effect of these two physical fields. This method operates at temperatures far below traditional thermal aging temperatures, avoiding problems such as material phase transformation, grain growth, and surface oxidation, thus preserving the material's original magnetic and mechanical properties. Furthermore, this method is energy-efficient and pollution-free, making it particularly suitable for iron-core silicon steel sheets with high surface quality requirements. It is easily integrated into automated production lines, improving process efficiency and green manufacturing levels. In addition, the synergistic effect quantification model proposed in this invention provides theoretical guidance for process optimization, achieving a leap from experience to model. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for reducing residual stress in ferromagnetic materials based on thermo-magnetic composite aging.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart showing the stress reduction effects of thermomagnetic aging, single thermal aging, and single electromagnetic aging.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart showing the uniformity of stress reduction between thermomagnetic aging and single thermal aging or single electromagnetic aging.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the evolution of the magnetic domain structure of silicon steel sheets before and after thermal magnetic aging treatment (maze domain → parallel domain). Detailed Implementation

[0024] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below. This application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of the application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. In the description of this application, "several" means at least one, such as one, two, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] In this application, the technical features described in an open-ended manner include both closed technical solutions consisting of the listed features and open technical solutions that include the listed features.

[0028] In this application, numerical ranges are referred to as continuous unless otherwise specified, and include the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between the minimum and maximum values. Furthermore, when the range refers to integers, it includes every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range. Additionally, when multiple ranges are provided to describe a feature or characteristic, the ranges may be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges to which they are incorporated.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the percentage content mentioned in this application refers to mass percentage for solid-liquid mixtures and solid-phase-solid mixtures, and volume percentage for liquid-phase-liquid mixtures.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, all percentage concentrations mentioned in this application refer to the final concentration. The final concentration refers to the proportion of the added component in the system after the addition of that component.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, the temperature parameters in this application may be either constant temperature processing or processing within a certain temperature range. The constant temperature processing allows for temperature fluctuations within the precision range controlled by the instrument.

[0032] The term "particle" as used in this application, or a substance with a defined particle size distribution, is not necessarily spherical in shape; it may be irregular and can be either primary or secondary particles. The particle size of irregular particles is calculated as the average of their maximum and minimum diameters.

[0033] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides a method for reducing residual stress through thermo-magnetic composite aging, comprising the following steps: S1: placing the ferromagnetic material to be treated at a processing station; S2: simultaneously applying a low-heat temperature field and an alternating electromagnetic field to the ferromagnetic material, and maintaining the processing time for 5 to 90 minutes; wherein, the temperature of the low-heat temperature field is lower than the recrystallization temperature of the ferromagnetic material, and the intensity of the alternating electromagnetic field is greater than 1T; S3: after the processing time is reached, stopping the application of the low-heat temperature field and the alternating electromagnetic field, thus completing the residual stress reduction treatment of the ferromagnetic material.

[0034] By simultaneously applying a low-heat temperature field and a sufficiently strong alternating electromagnetic field to a ferromagnetic material at a temperature below its recrystallization temperature and maintaining this state for a certain period of time, the synergistic coupling effect of the two physical fields can be utilized to efficiently and uniformly reduce the internal residual stress without damaging the material's properties.

[0035] The innovation of this invention lies in the first-ever deep coupling of a low-temperature thermal field and an alternating magnetic field. By revealing and utilizing physical mechanisms such as "thermally assisted magnetostriction enhancement," "magnetostrictive work-induced thermal activation," and "temperature-dependent magnetic domain dynamics," it achieves a stress reduction effect far exceeding that of simple superposition of single methods ("1+1>2" effect). This method ensures efficient stress reduction while strictly avoiding the risk of material degradation caused by high temperatures, and provides a novel green solution for residual stress treatment of high-quality ferromagnetic materials (especially iron-core silicon steel sheets) in a low-energy, non-contact manner.

[0036] Specifically, step S1 aims to provide a stable and precise fixed position for the ferromagnetic material to be treated (such as a silicon steel sheet sample), ensuring that its position does not shift during the subsequent thermomagnetic composite field treatment, thereby guaranteeing the uniformity and repeatability of the treatment effect. In practice, an operator or automated robot places the workpiece on the bearing surface of a dedicated non-magnetic fixture (e.g., made of austenitic stainless steel or ceramic material). Then, the workpiece position is adjusted so that its center is aligned with the preset uniform action area of ​​the thermomagnetic composite field (i.e., centering). Finally, an appropriate clamping force is applied using a pneumatic, hydraulic, or manual tightening mechanism to firmly fix the workpiece on the fixture. This clamping method avoids introducing additional mechanical stress and ensures the stability of the workpiece in the subsequent strong magnetic field environment.

[0037] Step S2 is the core of this invention, and its purpose is to stimulate the synergistic relaxation mechanism inside the material by applying a simultaneous thermomagnetic composite field.

[0038] The aforementioned low-heat temperature field is strictly controlled below the recrystallization temperature of the ferromagnetic material; for example, for silicon steel sheets, it is typically no higher than 300°C. The function of this temperature field is to provide the necessary thermal activation energy for atomic diffusion and dislocation movement within the material, reducing the energy barrier for their movement. In practical implementation, an infrared radiation heating array can be used to generate a uniform and controllable non-contact thermal field. A closed-loop control system, consisting of a high-precision PID temperature controller and a platinum resistance temperature sensor (PT100), can stabilize the temperature of the processing area at a set value (e.g., 250°C), with a temperature control accuracy of ±1°C. Within this temperature window, the magnetostriction coefficient of the material... and domain wall mobility This significantly improves conditions for the effective functioning of the magnetic field.

[0039] The alternating electromagnetic field must have a magnetic induction intensity greater than a preset threshold (e.g., greater than 1T), and its direction and / or magnitude must change periodically with time (e.g., a sine wave). This magnetic field has a dual effect: firstly, it induces periodic micro-strain within the material through magnetostriction. This strain performs mechanical work at defects (such as dislocations); on the other hand, it drives irreversible rotation and displacement of the domain walls, thereby reorganizing the domain structure to release the coupled residual stress. In practice, this magnetic field can be generated by a U-shaped yoke, excitation coils, and a digitally controlled power supply (such as an IGBT inverter). The yoke forms a closed magnetic circuit to improve efficiency, and the digitally controlled power supply can steplessly adjust the output current, thereby precisely controlling the magnetic field strength B (e.g., adjustable in the range of 0.1-2.5T) and frequency f (e.g., adjustable in the range of 1+100Hz). The magnetic induction intensity can be monitored in real time using a Hall probe.

[0040] In practical implementation, after receiving the set temperature, magnetic field strength, and processing time parameters, the collaborative control module (such as an industrial PLC) synchronously sends start commands to the temperature control unit and the magnetic field power supply. The infrared heater and excitation coil then begin operation, causing the low-heat temperature field and the alternating electromagnetic field to superimpose in time and space, acting together on the workpiece. This synchronization ensures real-time coupling between the thermal activation process and the magnetomechanical drive process. Its synergistic effect can be quantified by the synergistic effect factor S, and its model is as follows: The model shows that when In and The sensitive region, and When large enough, For example, after treatment at 250°C and 1.5T for 20 minutes, the experimentally observed S≈1.41, achieving a significant "1+1>2" enhancement effect. (In this case: at 250°C, the strain may be about 10%-25% higher than at room temperature; here, we take...) At 250°C, due to thermal disturbance weakening the pinning, the coercivity may drop to 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of the room temperature value; here, we take... ; β is approximately 0.73, obtained through calibration experiments on a certain cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel. Substituting the above parameters into the S formula yields approximately 1.41, with an error of less than 5% compared to the experimentally measured residual stress variation, demonstrating the effectiveness of this model and calibration method. The aforementioned temperature-magnetic composite field treatment process replaces the traditional single thermal aging or single electromagnetic aging. By introducing a dynamic drive with an alternating magnetic field at a relatively low temperature, it solves the problems of insufficient thermal activation at low temperatures and weak magnetic effects at room temperature, achieving a balance between high efficiency and low damage. Experiments show that this process can reduce the residual stress of silicon steel sheets by more than 45%, while transforming the disordered "maze domains" of the magnetic domains before treatment into regularly arranged "parallel domains," thus preserving or optimizing the magnetic properties.

[0041] Step S3 marks the end of the core processing phase. Once the internal timer of the collaborative control module reaches the preset processing duration (e.g., 20 minutes), the control logic sequentially executes stop operations. Typically, heating is stopped first, meaning the temperature control unit cuts off or significantly reduces the power of the infrared heater, and the workpiece begins the cooling phase. Subsequently, the magnetic field can be stopped immediately, or it can be allowed to gradually decay to zero within a set time. After the applied physical field is stopped, the workpiece is cooled within the device or transferred to a specific workstation.

[0042] In some embodiments, it is preferable to allow the workpiece to cool naturally to room temperature in a gradually decaying magnetic field environment after heating is stopped. This "magnetic annealing" cooling method helps stabilize the low-stress magnetic domain structure formed during the process, preventing partial loss of the reduction effect obtained due to thermal stress or stress rebound, thereby consolidating the processing effect.

[0043] Experimental Example To verify the technical effectiveness of the method described in this invention, the following experiments were conducted: 1. Sample preparation: Cut silicon steel sheet samples with dimensions of 150mm×50mm×0.3mm and clean the surface.

[0044] 2. Setup: Place the sample in the non-magnetic fixture of the thermomagnetic treatment setup. Set the target temperature of the temperature control unit to 250℃. Set the magnetic field generating unit to produce an alternating magnetic field with an intensity of 1.5T and a frequency of 40Hz.

[0045] 3. Processing procedure: Start the device, simultaneously heat up and apply a magnetic field. Maintain the treatment at 250℃ and a 1.5T magnetic field for 20 minutes.

[0046] 4. Cooling: After the treatment is completed, stop heating and magnetic field, allow to cool naturally to room temperature, and then remove the sample.

[0047] 5. Effect detection: Please refer to Figure 2 Using an X-ray stress meter, the average residual stress decreased from -320 MPa before treatment to -150 MPa, a reduction rate of approximately 43%.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 The figure compares the uniformity of residual stress distribution at different test points on the sample surface after the above three processing methods.

[0049] As shown in the figure, the data points after single thermal aging and single electromagnetic aging treatments exhibit significant dispersion, indicating that the stress release within the material is not uniform, and localized stress concentrations remain unresolved. However, the specimen treated with combined thermal and magnetic aging shows a significant reduction in stress dispersion, with a smoother and more concentrated data distribution curve. This is because the coupling effect of the thermal and magnetic fields allows for more comprehensive penetration into the material's interior. The thermal field lowers the overall potential barrier, while the alternating magnetic field provides continuous dynamic disturbance, enabling microscopic defects in various regions of the material to have relatively equal relaxation opportunities, thus achieving a high degree of uniformity in residual stress reduction.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 The figure shows a comparison of the evolution of magnetic domain structure in silicon steel sheets before and after thermomagnetic composite aging treatment, as observed using magnetic force microscopy (MFM).

[0051] Figure 4 The image on the left shows the magnetic domains before processing, exhibiting a typical "labyrinth domain" morphology. This chaotic and intertwined magnetic domain structure is usually accompanied by high internal residual stress. The stress field causes the domain walls to be pinned by high-density dislocations, making it difficult for them to move freely. Macroscopically, this manifests as low magnetic permeability and high iron loss.

[0052] Figure 4 The image on the right shows the magnetic domains processed by the method of this invention. It is evident that the domain structure has undergone fundamental reorganization, transforming into regularly arranged, uniformly oriented "parallel domains" or broad strip-shaped domains. This evolution indicates that, under the synergistic effect of the temperature and magnetic field, the stress field binding the domain walls has been effectively relaxed, and the domain walls have completed "unpinning" and rearranged to low-energy states. The regular domain structure not only demonstrates the effective release of microscopic residual stress but also directly explains the microscopic mechanism by which the magnetic properties of the treated material (such as reduced iron loss and increased permeability) are improved.

[0053] Hardness tests showed a change of less than 3%, and the iron loss value decreased slightly.

[0054] Conclusion: This embodiment confirms that the temperature-magnetic composite aging method can effectively reduce the residual stress of silicon steel sheets and improve their magnetic properties without damaging the macroscopic properties of the material.

[0055] Example 2 This embodiment provides a thermo-magnetic composite aging apparatus for implementing the above-described method. The apparatus includes a clamping module, a temperature field generation module, a magnetic field generation module, and a collaborative control module. The above-described apparatus can be combined using common equipment; the key is to use the method of this application to control the temperature and magnetic fields.

[0056] The clamping module is used to fix the ferromagnetic material to be processed. Specifically, a clamp made of non-magnetic material (such as austenitic stainless steel or ceramic) can be used to ensure that the sample is stable in position in a strong magnetic field and is not subjected to additional stress through a mechanical structure.

[0057] A temperature field generating module is used to generate the low-heat temperature field. In one specific embodiment, this module is a steplessly adjustable temperature field system used to generate a uniform, stable, and continuously adjustable low-heat temperature field around the sample. Its components include: Heating module: It adopts an infrared radiation heating array, which is arranged in close contact with the sample in a non-contact manner to ensure uniform heat field distribution and avoid local overheating.

[0058] Temperature sensing and feedback unit: Multiple platinum resistance temperature sensors (PT100) are arranged at key locations on the sample surface and inside the processing chamber for real-time monitoring of temperature distribution.

[0059] Temperature control unit: This unit features a digital setting and display interface, allowing the operator to continuously set the target temperature value (e.g., within the range of 50℃ to 350℃, with adjustment steps down to 1℃ or even 0.1℃). Based on the difference between the set value and the sensor feedback, the temperature control unit uses a built-in PID algorithm to steplessly adjust the power output of the heating module, achieving rapid temperature response and ultra-high stability (temperature control accuracy up to ±1℃).

[0060] A magnetic field generating module is used to generate the alternating electromagnetic field. In one specific embodiment, this module is an adjustable digital display alternating magnetic field system used to generate an alternating magnetic field with high intensity, frequency, and amplitude that can be independently adjusted. Its components include: Excitation module: The core is a U-shaped magnetic yoke with adjustable poles. The coil is wound with Litz wire to reduce eddy current losses at high frequencies and ensure that the uniform magnetic field region meets the sample size requirements.

[0061] Power and control system: driven by IGBT inverter power modules. This power supply can receive external control signals and steplessly adjust the amplitude (which determines the magnetic field strength H) and frequency of the output current.

[0062] Magnetic field measurement and digital display unit: A Hall effect gaussmeter probe is placed within a uniform magnetic field region to measure the magnetic induction intensity B (unit: T) in real time. The measured value is converted from digital to analog and displayed on a digital control panel, and fed back to the power and control system, forming a closed-loop adjustment to ensure that the set value of the magnetic field intensity matches the actual value. The magnetic field intensity of this system is continuously adjustable from 0.1T to 2.5T, with a digital display resolution of up to 0.01T; the frequency is continuously adjustable from 1Hz to 100Hz.

[0063] A collaborative control module controls the temperature field generating module and the magnetic field generating module to simultaneously apply the low-heat temperature field and the alternating electromagnetic field to the ferromagnetic material and maintain it for a preset processing time. In one specific embodiment, this module is a synchronous collaborative control system, comprising: Main controller: It adopts an industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) as its core.

[0064] Human-Machine Interface (HMI): Operators can use this interface to set parameters such as target temperature (Tset), target magnetic field strength (Bset), and processing time in one go.

[0065] Synchronous logic execution unit: According to the settings of the HMI, the main controller simultaneously sends instructions to the temperature control unit of the temperature field generation module and the power and control system of the magnetic field generation module to ensure that the heating process and the magnetic field loading process start synchronously and maintain parameter stability throughout the heat preservation stage.

[0066] Data recording unit: The system automatically records the temperature-time curve and magnetic field strength-time curve throughout the entire process, forming a complete process data package, which facilitates quality traceability and process optimization analysis.

[0067] The modules are connected via electrical wiring and communication protocols. The clamping module provides a physical carrier for the material to be processed; the temperature field generation module and the magnetic field generation module are the actuators of the physical field; the collaborative control module is the brain of the system, responsible for command and coordination. The feedback signals from the temperature sensing and feedback unit and the magnetic field measurement and digital display unit are connected to the collaborative control module to form a closed-loop control, ensuring the accurate reproduction of process parameters.

[0068] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0069] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for reducing residual stress during temperature-magnetic composite aging, characterized in that, The method includes: S1: placing the ferromagnetic material to be treated in a processing station; S2: simultaneously applying a low-heat temperature field and an alternating electromagnetic field to the ferromagnetic material and maintaining the processing time for 5 to 90 minutes; wherein the temperature of the low-heat temperature field is lower than the recrystallization temperature of the ferromagnetic material, and the intensity of the alternating electromagnetic field is greater than 1T; S3: after the processing time is reached, stopping the application of the low-heat temperature field and the alternating electromagnetic field to complete the residual stress reduction treatment of the ferromagnetic material.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the temperature of the low-heat temperature field is no greater than 300°C, and the magnetic induction intensity of the alternating electromagnetic field is greater than 1T.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the low-heat temperature field and the alternating electromagnetic field are synchronously applied to the ferromagnetic material through coordinated control.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes the following steps before step S2: S0: Based on the material parameters of the target ferromagnetic material, determine the optimal combination of the temperature of the low-heat temperature field and the intensity of the alternating electromagnetic field based on a preset synergistic effect factor model; wherein, the synergistic effect factor model is used to quantify the stress reduction enhancement effect of temperature-magnetic composite aging relative to single thermal aging and single electromagnetic aging.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the synergistic effect factor S is as follows: , in: , , The stress reduction amounts are respectively the combined thermal and magnetic aging, single thermal aging, and single electromagnetic aging. For material-related synergy coefficients, At room temperature For reference magnetic field strength, and Temperature and room temperature Magnetostrictive strain under the following conditions and Temperature T and room temperature, respectively. The domain wall mobility under the given conditions, where H is the magnetic field strength of the alternating electromagnetic field. The reference magnetic field strength.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the low-heat temperature field is generated by a non-contact heating method, and the alternating electromagnetic field is generated by an excitation coil carrying an alternating current.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, after the application of the low-heat temperature field is stopped, the ferromagnetic material is cooled to room temperature while the alternating electromagnetic field is maintained or decays naturally.

8. A thermo-magnetic composite aging apparatus for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The implementing device includes: Clamping module for fixing the ferromagnetic material to be processed; A temperature field generating module is used to generate the low-heat temperature field; A magnetic field generating module is used to generate the alternating electromagnetic field; A collaborative control module is used to control the temperature field generating module and the magnetic field generating module to simultaneously apply the low-heat temperature field and the alternating electromagnetic field to the ferromagnetic material and maintain it for a preset processing time, the processing time being 5 to 90 minutes.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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