A single hydraulic prop for temporary support

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of support design, and particularly relates to a single hydraulic prop for temporary support, which comprises a cylinder, a piston cylinder, a head, a three-way valve and an elastic piece, the bottom end of the cylinder is detachably sleeved with a base, the bottom of the piston cylinder is sealingly and slidably arranged in the cylinder, the head is fixedly connected to the top end of the piston cylinder, the head is provided with a mounting structure, the three-way valve is arranged on the head through the mounting structure, and the three-way valve is in communication with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder for pressure injection and pressure relief, and the elastic piece is arranged between the base and the head. The application has the advantages of quick disassembly and assembly and convenient maintenance, and is particularly suitable for the scene of temporary support with frequent movement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of support design technology, specifically referring to a single hydraulic prop for temporary support. Background Technology

[0002] Single hydraulic props are key equipment for roof support in underground coal mine working faces. They are widely used in blasting mining face support, fully mechanized mining end support, and temporary support scenarios. In temporary support of coal mine working faces, common support methods include simple wooden prop support, forward beam support, point column support, single prop enlarged plate canopy support, and single hydraulic prop combined with metal articulated roof beam support.

[0003] External injection single hydraulic props can be used for roof support in ordinary mechanized coal mining faces, end support in fully mechanized mining faces, and temporary support at various easily collapsible points in the working face. However, existing single hydraulic props for temporary support still have the following shortcomings in use: First, the return spring in existing props is usually located inside the piston or cylinder. The installation and replacement of the spring is complicated and requires disassembly of the prop body, which is not conducive to rapid maintenance underground. Second, the base of existing props is usually fixedly connected to the cylinder, which is not easy to disassemble. In temporary support scenarios, frequent movement and repeated erection are required. The fixed base leads to low disassembly and assembly efficiency and inconvenience in maintenance and transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned challenges, this invention provides a single hydraulic prop for temporary support, aiming to solve the problems of inconvenient maintenance of elastic components, non-removable base, and complex installation structure of three-way valves in existing props.

[0005] To achieve the above functions, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A single hydraulic prop for temporary support includes a cylinder, a piston cylinder, a head, a three-way valve, and an elastic element. The bottom end of the cylinder is detachably fitted with a base. The bottom of the piston cylinder is slidably and sealed within the cylinder. The head is fixedly connected to the top end of the piston cylinder. The head is provided with an installation structure. The three-way valve is detachably mounted on the head through the installation structure and communicates with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder for pressurization and depressurization. The elastic element is connected between the base and the head and is used to drive the piston cylinder to retract into the cylinder after depressurization. The installation structure also constitutes a maintenance channel for external tools to extend into and operate the elastic element.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner top wall of the base is provided with a first hanging ring, the bottom wall of the end cap is provided with a second hanging ring, the elastic element is a tension spring, one end of the tension spring is attached to the first hanging ring, and the other end of the tension spring is attached to the second hanging ring.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the cylinder is detachably fitted with a handle, and a dustproof ring and a nylon ring are provided between the inner wall of the handle and the outer wall of the cylinder. The inner side wall of the handle is provided with a first groove that matches and accommodates the dustproof ring and the nylon ring.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a Y-shaped sealing ring and an anti-extrusion ring are provided between the inner wall of the base and the outer wall of the cylinder, and a second groove is provided on the inner wall of the base to match and accommodate the Y-shaped sealing ring and the anti-extrusion ring.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mounting structure is a through hole that extends radially through the end cap. The wall of the through hole is provided with a perforation that penetrates the bottom of the end cap and communicates with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder. The second hanging ring is located near the bottom port of the perforation. The three-way valve is inserted into the through hole, and the inner end of the three-way valve communicates with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder through the perforation. When the three-way valve is removed from the through hole, the through hole and the perforation together form a maintenance channel for external tools to be inserted into the bottom of the end cap to operate the second hanging ring.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the base and the side wall of the handle are provided with through grooves that penetrate their wall thickness, and the outer wall of the cylinder is provided with positioning grooves corresponding to the positions of each of the through grooves; when the base is fitted onto the bottom end of the cylinder and the handle is fitted onto the top end of the cylinder, the external fixing member passes through the through groove and extends into the positioning groove to fix the base and the handle onto the cylinder respectively.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an extension rod is fixedly connected to the top of the end cap, and a movable top is detachably connected to the top of the extension rod. The movable top and the extension rod are fixedly connected by a pin.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top wall of the movable roof is provided with a plurality of protrusions.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall of the cylinder is fitted with at least one protective sleeve, and a plurality of the protective sleeves are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the cylinder.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a piston sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston cylinder. The outer diameter of the piston sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the piston cylinder and slides with the inner diameter of the cylinder. An annular sealing groove is provided on the outer wall of the piston sleeve, and a sealing ring is embedded in the sealing groove.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects by adopting the above structure: By designing both the base and handle as detachable sleeve structures and using a combination of slots, positioning slots, and steel wires for fixation, the support column can be quickly assembled and disassembled. It is particularly suitable for temporary support scenarios that require frequent movement and repeated erection, effectively improving work efficiency.

[0016] The tension spring is placed between the base and the end cap and hooked together by the first and second hooks. The through hole and perforation of the three-way valve on the end cap serve as the operating channel for the top hook. When replacing the tension spring, only the three-way valve and the base need to be removed. The top and bottom hooks can then be released through this channel using tools, and the tension spring can be completely pulled out from the bottom port of the cylinder. The entire process does not require disassembling the sliding fit between the piston cylinder and the cylinder, which improves the convenience and efficiency of downhole maintenance.

[0017] By incorporating detachable extension rods and a movable jack, the support height can be flexibly adjusted to meet different requirements; by adding protrusions to the top wall of the movable jack, the stability of the support is enhanced; and by installing a protective sleeve, the service life is extended. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a split view of a single hydraulic prop for temporary support proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an assembled single hydraulic prop for temporary support proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the handle structure of a single hydraulic prop for temporary support proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the handle structure of a single hydraulic prop for temporary support proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the base of a single hydraulic prop for temporary support proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the end cap structure of a single hydraulic prop for temporary support proposed in this invention.

[0019] The components are as follows: 1. Cylinder, 2. Piston cylinder, 3. End cap, 4. Three-way valve, 5. Elastic element, 6. Base, 7. Mounting structure, 8. First hanging ring, 9. Second hanging ring, 10. Handle, 11. Dustproof ring, 12. Nylon ring, 13. First groove, 14. Y-shaped sealing ring, 15. Anti-extrusion ring, 16. Second groove, 17. Through hole, 18. Perforation, 19. Through groove, 20. Positioning groove, 21. External fastener, 22. Extension rod, 23. Adjustable top, 24. Protrusion, 25. Protective sleeve, 26. Piston sleeve, 27. Annular sealing groove, 28. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a single hydraulic prop for temporary support, comprising a cylinder 1, a piston cylinder 2, a head 3, a three-way valve 4, and an elastic element 5.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, cylinder 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure. A base 6 is detachably fitted at the bottom end of cylinder 1. The inner diameter of the base 6 is adapted to the outer diameter of cylinder 1 and is used to support the support column and make it stand stably on the working surface. The bottom of piston cylinder 2 is slidably disposed inside cylinder 1. Piston cylinder 2 can slide freely along the axial direction inside cylinder 1. A piston sleeve 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of piston cylinder 2. Piston sleeve 26 can be fixedly connected to the bottom end of piston cylinder 2 by welding or integral molding. The outer diameter of piston sleeve 26 is larger than the outer diameter of piston cylinder 2 and slides with the inner diameter of cylinder 1. The outer wall of piston sleeve 26 is provided with an annular sealing groove 27. A sealing ring 28 is embedded in the annular sealing groove 27 to achieve sliding seal between piston sleeve 26 and inner wall of cylinder 1. During injection, liquid pressure acts on the bottom end face of piston sleeve 26, pushing piston cylinder 2 upward.

[0024] like Figure 1 and 6As shown, the end cap 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston cylinder 2. The end cap 3 can be fixedly connected to the piston cylinder 2 by welding, threaded connection or integral molding. The end cap 3 is provided with an installation structure 7. Specifically, the installation structure 7 is a through hole 17 that is radially arranged through the end cap 3. The wall of the through hole 17 is provided with a perforation 18 that penetrates the bottom of the end cap 3 and communicates with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2. The second hanging ring 9 is located near the bottom port of the perforation 18. The three-way valve 4 is inserted into the through hole 17, and the inner end of the three-way valve 4 communicates with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 through the perforation 18. When the three-way valve 4 is removed from the through hole 17, the through hole 17 and the perforation 18 together form a maintenance channel for external tools to be inserted into the bottom of the end cap 3 to operate the second hanging ring 9, which facilitates the installation or removal of the hook on the top of the tension spring from the second hanging ring 9.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the three-way valve 4 is detachably mounted on the end cap 3 via the mounting structure 7, and the three-way valve 4 is connected to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2. During pressurization, the working medium (emulsion or static water) enters the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 through the three-way valve 4, pushing the piston cylinder 2 upward. During depressurization, the working medium is discharged through the three-way valve 4, and the piston cylinder 2 retracts under the action of the elastic element 5. The mounting structure 7 also constitutes a maintenance channel for external tools to extend into and operate the elastic element 5.

[0026] like Figure 1 and 5 As shown, the elastic element 5 is connected between the base 6 and the end cap 3. The elastic element 5 is a tension spring. In this embodiment, the tension spring is located in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 and is immersed in the working medium (emulsion or hydrostatic water) injected through the three-way valve 4 during operation. To further extend the service life of the tension spring in the humid medium, the surface of the tension spring can be provided with an anti-corrosion coating (such as zinc plating or epoxy resin coating) to drive the piston cylinder 2 to retract into the cylinder 1 after pressure relief. The inner top wall of the base 6 is provided with a first hanging ring 8, and the bottom wall of the end cap 3 is provided with a second hanging ring 9. The tension spring... One end of the spring is attached to the first hanging ring 8, and the other end of the tension spring is attached to the second hanging ring 9. The second hanging ring 9 is located at the bottom port of the through hole 18, so that an external tool can reach the second hanging ring 9 and release the hook of the tension spring after being inserted through the through hole 17 and the through hole 18. The first hanging ring 8 and the second hanging ring 9 can be fixed to the inner top wall of the base 6 and the bottom wall of the end cap 3 respectively by welding or threaded connection. When pressurizing, the piston cylinder 2 rises, the tension spring is stretched and stores elastic potential energy; when depressurizing, the tension spring releases elastic potential energy and drives the piston cylinder 2 to retract into the cylinder 1.

[0027] like Figure 3As shown, a handle 10 is detachably fitted onto the top of the cylinder 1. The inner diameter of the handle 10 is adapted to the outer diameter of the cylinder 1. The handle 10 serves as a gripper for moving and transporting the support column, facilitating the operator to move and position the support column. A dustproof ring 11 and a nylon ring 12 are provided between the inner wall of the handle 10 and the outer wall of the cylinder 1. The inner side wall of the handle 10 is provided with a first groove 13 that matches and accommodates the dustproof ring 11 and the nylon ring 12. The dustproof ring 11 is used to prevent external coal dust from entering the interior of the cylinder 1. The nylon ring 12 (also known as a guide ring) serves as a guide and support.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, a Y-shaped sealing ring 14 and an anti-extrusion ring 15 are provided between the inner wall of the base 6 and the outer wall of the cylinder 1. The inner wall of the base 6 is provided with a second groove 16 that matches and accommodates the Y-shaped sealing ring 14 and the anti-extrusion ring 15. Under pressure, the lip of the Y-shaped sealing ring 14 will open and press against the cylinder wall to achieve a reliable seal. The anti-extrusion ring 15 is located below the Y-shaped sealing ring 14 and is located on the low-pressure side of the Y-shaped sealing ring 14 to prevent the Y-shaped sealing ring 14 from being squeezed into the gap between the cylinder 1 and the base 6 under high pressure and thus damaged.

[0029] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown in Figure -5, both the side walls of the base 6 and the handle 10 are provided with through grooves 19 that penetrate their wall thickness. The outer wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with positioning grooves 20 corresponding to the positions of each through groove 19. When the base 6 is fitted onto the bottom end of the cylinder 1 and the handle 10 is fitted onto the top end of the cylinder 1, the external fixing member 21 passes through the through groove 19 and extends into the positioning groove 20 to fix the base 6 and the handle 10 onto the cylinder 1 respectively. The external fixing member 21 is a steel wire. After the steel wire passes through the through groove 19, it is inserted into the positioning groove 20. The locking is achieved by the elastic deformation of the steel wire. When disassembling or assembling, it is only necessary to pull the steel wire out of the through groove 19.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the top end of the end cap 3 is fixedly connected (by welding or threaded connection) to an extension rod 22. The top end of the extension rod 22 is detachably connected to a hinged top 23. The hinged top 23 and the extension rod 22 are fixedly connected by a pin. By setting the extension rod 22, extension rods 22 of different lengths can be selected for assembly according to different support height requirements, thereby improving the applicability of the support column. The top wall of the hinged top 23 is provided with multiple protrusions 24. The protrusions 24 can increase the friction between the hinged top 23 and the top plate, prevent the support column from slipping during use, and improve the support stability. In this embodiment, there are four protrusions 24, which are respectively set at the four corners of the top wall of the hinged top 23 and evenly distributed.

[0031] At least one protective sleeve 25 is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder 1. Multiple protective sleeves 25 are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the cylinder 1. The protective sleeves 25 are cylindrical in shape and are tightly fitted on the outer wall of the cylinder 1. They can protect the outer wall of the cylinder 1 and reduce the wear and corrosion of the cylinder 1 caused by the harsh underground environment.

[0032] In practical use, first select an extension rod 22 of appropriate length according to the required support height, fix the extension rod 22 to the top of the end cap 3, and connect the movable top 23 to the top of the extension rod 22 through a pin. Then place the support column in the predetermined support position so that the base 6 is stably supported on the bottom plate of the working face, and the protrusion 24 of the movable top 23 contacts the top plate.

[0033] Liquid is supplied to the three-way valve 4 through an external liquid supply system (such as an emulsion pump station). The working medium enters the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 through the three-way valve 4 and the perforation 18. Under the action of liquid pressure, the liquid pressure acts on the bottom end face of the piston sleeve 26, pushing the piston cylinder 2 to rise against the tension of the tension spring, which in turn drives the end cap 3, the extension rod 22 and the boom 23 to rise together until the protrusion 24 of the boom 23 tightly abuts against the top plate, thus completing the support.

[0034] After the support work is completed, the pressure is released through the three-way valve 4. The working medium in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 is discharged through the perforation 18 and the three-way valve 4. At this time, the tension spring releases its elastic potential energy and pulls the end cap 3 towards the base 6 through the first hanging ring 8 and the second hanging ring 9, driving the piston cylinder 2 to retract into the cylinder 1. The live top 23 is separated from the top plate, and the support is restored to its initial state, making it easy to move the support to the next support position.

[0035] When maintenance of the support column is required, first, fully depressurize using the three-way valve 4 to ensure that the piston cylinder 2 is fully retracted into the cylinder 1, allowing the tension spring to return to a relaxed and free state. Then, remove the three-way valve 4 from the end cap 3, exposing the through hole 17 and the perforation 18. Using a long-handled hook-like tool, insert it through the through hole 17 and the perforation 18 into the bottom of the end cap 3 to detach the upper hook of the tension spring from the second hanging ring 9. Next, pull the steel wire out of the through groove 19, remove the base 6, and detach the lower hook of the tension spring from the first hanging ring 8. At this point, the tension spring can be completely pulled out from the bottom port of the cylinder 1 for replacement or repair. The entire process does not require pulling the piston cylinder 2 out of the cylinder 1, nor does it require disassembling the sliding contact body between the cylinder and piston cylinder.

[0036] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single hydraulic prop for temporary support, characterized in that: include Cylinder (1), the bottom end of which is detachably fitted with a base (6). Piston cylinder (2), the bottom of which is slidably and sealingly disposed inside cylinder (1). End cap (3), the end cap (3) is fixedly connected to the top of piston cylinder (2), and the end cap (3) is provided with mounting structure (7). Three-way valve (4), which is detachably mounted on end cap (3) via mounting structure (7), and is connected to the inner cavity of piston cylinder (2) for pressurization and depressurization; The elastic element (5) is connected between the base (6) and the end cap (3) for driving the piston cylinder (2) to retract into the cylinder (1) after depressurization. The mounting structure (7) also forms a maintenance channel for external tools to be inserted to operate the elastic element (5).

2. A single hydraulic prop for temporary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner top wall of the base (6) is provided with a first hanging ring (8), and the bottom wall of the end cap (3) is provided with a second hanging ring (9). The elastic element (5) is a tension spring, one end of which is attached to the first hanging ring (8), and the other end of which is attached to the second hanging ring (9).

3. A single hydraulic prop for temporary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cylinder (1) is detachably fitted with a handle (10). A dustproof ring (11) and a nylon ring (12) are provided between the inner wall of the handle (10) and the outer wall of the cylinder (1). The inner side wall of the handle (10) is provided with a first groove (13) that matches the dustproof ring (11) and the nylon ring (12) and allows them to be placed.

4. A single hydraulic prop for temporary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Y-shaped sealing ring (14) and an anti-squeezing ring (15) are provided between the inner wall of the base (6) and the outer wall of the cylinder (1). The inner wall of the base (6) is provided with a second groove (16) that matches the Y-shaped sealing ring (14) and the anti-squeezing ring (15) and allows them to be placed.

5. A single hydraulic prop for temporary support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting structure (7) is a through hole (17) that is radially through the end cap (3). The wall of the through hole (17) is provided with a perforation (18) that penetrates the bottom of the end cap (3) and communicates with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder (2). The second hanging ring (9) is located near the bottom port of the perforation. The three-way valve (4) is installed in the through hole (17), and the inner end of the three-way valve (4) communicates with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder (2) through the perforation (18). When the three-way valve (4) is removed from the through hole (17), the through hole (17) and the perforation (18) together form a maintenance channel for external tools to be inserted into the bottom of the end cap (3) to operate the second hanging ring (9).

6. A single hydraulic prop for temporary support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side wall of the base (6) and the side wall of the handle (10) are provided with through grooves (19) that penetrate their wall thickness. The outer wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with positioning grooves (20) corresponding to the positions of each through groove (19). When the base (6) is fitted onto the bottom end of the cylinder (1) and the handle (10) is fitted onto the top end of the cylinder (1), the external fixing member (21) passes through the through groove (19) and extends into the positioning groove (20) to fix the base (6) and the handle (10) onto the cylinder (1) respectively.

7. A single hydraulic prop for temporary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the end cap (3) is fixedly connected to an extension rod (22), and the top end of the extension rod (22) is detachably connected to a hinged top (23). The hinged top (23) and the extension rod (22) are fixedly connected by a pin.

8. A single hydraulic prop for temporary support according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top wall of the movable roof (23) is provided with multiple protrusions (24).

9. A single hydraulic prop for temporary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cylinder (1) is fitted with at least one protective sleeve (25), and a plurality of the protective sleeves (25) are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the cylinder (1).

10. A single hydraulic prop for temporary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston sleeve (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston cylinder (2). The outer diameter of the piston sleeve (26) is larger than the outer diameter of the piston cylinder (2) and slides with the inner diameter of the cylinder (1). The outer wall of the piston sleeve (26) is provided with an annular sealing groove (27), and a sealing ring (28) is embedded in the sealing groove.

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