High-cold region hybrid locomotive diesel engine waste heat cascade utilization system

Abstract

The application discloses a high-cold-region hybrid locomotive diesel engine waste heat cascade utilization system and relates to the technical field of heat exchange devices, which comprises the following modules: a segment construction module, which generates a back cavity candidate operation segment according to an original operation data set of a diesel engine exhaust waste heat system; a placeholder mapping module, which obtains a segment thermal state sequence based on the back cavity candidate operation segment and the original operation data set; a wet shell heat placeholder map is generated based on the segment thermal state sequence; a heat source classification module, which generates a cascade utilization heat source list according to data records corresponding to the position of the call heat in the wet shell heat placeholder map; the data records in the cascade utilization heat source list are classified to obtain ordinary call heat source records and back cavity adjacent call heat source records; and a deposition definition module, which defines a folding back cavity wet deposition body according to the data of the folding back cavity structure of the exhaust waste heat exchanger at the inlet. The application improves the accuracy of the cascade utilization of waste heat resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchange device technology, and in particular to a system for the cascade utilization of waste heat from diesel engines in hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] Hybrid locomotives for high-altitude and cold regions are widely used on plateau railways, heavy-haul freight railways, mining transport railways, and long-distance transport lines in cold regions. During operation, the exhaust of the diesel engine carries a large amount of recoverable heat. This heat is usually transferred to the heat exchange medium through an exhaust waste heat exchanger and further used for power battery thermal management, fuel preheating, equipment compartment insulation, and other auxiliary heat-using processes to improve the overall energy efficiency of the vehicle.

[0003] Due to the low ambient temperature in high-altitude and cold regions, locomotives are prone to experiencing changes in operating conditions such as low-load operation, short-term stops, and restarts during long downhill slopes, waiting and passing in stations, and shunting operations. As a result, the exhaust temperature, heat exchange state, and condensation state in the inlet area of ​​the exhaust waste heat exchanger change accordingly. Especially in the back cavity area of ​​the first guide fold at the inlet, a local wet deposition area composed of condensate, soot particles, and corrosion products is easily formed. This area can change the local heat distribution state, causing some exhaust heat to stagnate, accumulate, and be released again near the back cavity, thereby affecting the waste heat distribution process and the waste heat cascade utilization process in subsequent heat exchange devices.

[0004] In existing technologies, waste heat cascade utilization schemes typically classify waste heat resources based on exhaust temperature, heat exchange medium temperature, or heat level, and directly distribute the heat to the corresponding high-temperature, medium-temperature, or low-temperature heat circuits. However, there is a lack of targeted analysis and identification mechanisms for the localized wetted deposition area formed in the inlet guide folded back cavity region of the exhaust waste heat exchanger. This results in the heat affected by the wetted deposition area being treated uniformly with the heat in the normal heat exchange area, making it difficult to accurately reflect the actual local heat occupancy and usability. Consequently, the heat distribution results in the heat exchange device are prone to inconsistencies with the actual heat distribution, reducing the accuracy of heat allocation during the waste heat cascade utilization process and affecting the effective utilization of diesel engine exhaust waste heat resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies that make it difficult to accurately reflect the actual local heat occupancy and utilization status, and to propose a waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines in hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions.

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A waste heat recovery system for hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions includes: The fragment construction module generates candidate operating fragments for the back cavity based on the original operating dataset of the diesel engine exhaust waste heat system. The occupancy mapping module obtains the thermal state sequence of the segments based on the candidate running segments of the back cavity and the original running dataset; and generates a wet shell thermal occupancy map based on the segment thermal state sequence. The heat source classification module generates a list of heat sources for cascade utilization based on the data records corresponding to the callable heat locations in the wet shell heat occupancy map; it then classifies the data records in the list of heat sources for cascade utilization to obtain ordinary callable heat source records and back cavity adjacent callable heat source records. The deposition definition module defines the wetted deposit body in the folded-back cavity based on the structural data of the flow guide folded-back cavity at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat heat exchanger. The instruction generation module generates instructions for the cascade utilization of waste heat based on the wetted sediment in the folded back cavity, ordinary callable heat source records, and adjacent callable heat source records in the back cavity.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention independently analyzes the heat distribution in the back cavity region of the exhaust waste heat exchanger inlet guide fold by constructing candidate operating segments of the back cavity, segment thermal state sequences, and wet shell heat occupancy maps. This enables the heat occupancy phenomenon generated in the local wet deposition area to be identified and recorded, thereby improving the characterization ability of actual usable waste heat resources and avoiding the misjudgment of locally retained heat as normal usable heat.

[0008] 2. This invention extracts the retrievable heat source records adjacent to the back cavity corresponding to the wetted sediment in the folded back cavity, and manages them independently according to their respective grade attributes. This allows the heat resources affected by the wetted sediment area to be processed separately from the heat resources in the main heat exchange area, thereby improving the consistency between the heat classification results inside the heat exchange device and the actual heat distribution state, and improving the accuracy of the graded utilization of waste heat resources.

[0009] 3. This invention generates waste heat cascade utilization instructions based on ordinary callable heat source records and adjacent callable heat source records in the back cavity, and introduces different levels of heat into corresponding heat exchange channels to realize the cascade distribution and cascade utilization of diesel engine exhaust waste heat. This enables the heat exchange device to perform heat allocation according to the actual heat source status, improve waste heat utilization efficiency, and enhance the utilization effect of waste heat resources of hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1This is a functional block diagram of a waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines in hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0012] This embodiment provides a waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines in hybrid locomotives operating in high-altitude and cold regions. (See also...) Figure 1 Specifically, including: The fragment construction module generates candidate operating fragments for the back cavity based on the original operating dataset of the diesel engine exhaust waste heat system. In an embodiment of the present invention, generating a candidate running segment for the back cavity includes: Obtain the raw operational dataset of the diesel engine exhaust waste heat system; The original operating dataset refers to the set of state data continuously collected and stored during the operation of the diesel engine exhaust waste heat system. This set of state data reflects the actual state changes during the generation, transfer, and exchange of diesel engine exhaust heat and the operation of the waste heat utilization loop, and is used to characterize the operating state of the waste heat system under different operating conditions. Specifically, the on-board data acquisition unit collects diesel engine operating data, locomotive operating status data, exhaust waste heat exchanger inlet exhaust temperature data, exhaust waste heat exchanger outlet exhaust temperature data, waste heat utilization circuit call status data, and data acquisition time data according to the same operating clock. The above data is sorted according to the data acquisition time, and data at the same data acquisition time is written into the same original operating data record. The continuously formed original operating data records are collected into an original operating dataset, and the correspondence between locomotive operating status data and exhaust waste heat related data is retained in each original operating data record.

[0013] Based on the locomotive operating status data in the original operating dataset, extract the low-load operating data segment, the parking data segment, the restart data segment, and the residual heat recovery data segment from the original operating dataset. The low-load operation data segment refers to the continuous operation data interval corresponding to the diesel engine being in a low power output state. During this continuous operation data interval, the diesel engine fuel injection quantity decreases, the exhaust heat release level decreases, and the ability of exhaust heat to be input into the waste heat recovery system is reduced. The parking data segment refers to the continuous operation data interval corresponding to the locomotive being stopped. During this continuous operation data interval, the exhaust flow velocity decreases or stops, the heat exchange process inside the waste heat system tends to weaken, and heat stagnation is likely to form in some areas. The restart data segment refers to the continuous operation data interval corresponding to the locomotive re-entering the operation state from the parking state. During this continuous operation data interval, the diesel engine resumes power output, exhaust heat re-enters the waste heat system, and drives the waste heat recovery process to be re-established. The waste heat recovery data segment refers to the continuous operation data interval corresponding to the waste heat utilization circuit re-receiving exhaust waste heat and restoring the heat transfer process. This continuous operation data interval reflects the process of exhaust heat being re-transferred from the waste heat recovery end to each stage of heat use end. Specifically, in the original operation dataset, continuous records of locomotive operation status data in low-load operation state are located and combined with exhaust gas temperature data at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat exchanger to form a low-load operation data segment. In the original operation dataset, continuous records of locomotive operation status data in parking state are located to form a parking data segment. In the original operation dataset, continuous records of locomotive operation status data transitioning from parking state to restart state or traction state are located to form a restart data segment. In the original operation dataset, continuous records of waste heat utilization circuit call status data transitioning from non-call state to call state and continuously corresponding to the waste heat utilization process are located to form a waste heat recovery data segment. The order and adjacency relationship of the low-load operation data segment, parking data segment, restart segment, and waste heat recovery data segment in the original operation dataset are preserved.

[0014] A continuous data segment that sequentially contains a low-load operation data segment, a shutdown data segment, a restart data segment, and a residual heat recovery data segment will be used as a candidate operation segment for the back cavity.

[0015] It should be noted that the candidate operating segment of the back cavity refers to the operating data interval formed during a continuous operation of the diesel engine exhaust waste heat system, which can reflect the changes in the thermal state of the inlet area of ​​the exhaust waste heat exchanger. This operating data interval corresponds to the process of the diesel engine exhaust heat changing from a reduced state to a local stagnation state, and then being re-input into the waste heat recovery system. It also reflects the operating environment that may occur near the back cavity of the first guide fold at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat exchanger, such as condensation, moisture deposition, and local heat occupation.

[0016] The back cavity is a localized recessed space formed between the first guide flange and the main wall of the exhaust waste heat exchanger. This localized recessed space is located outside the main exhaust flow channel and has a flow exchange relationship with the mainstream exhaust. When the exhaust passes through the first guide flange, some heat, condensate, soot particles and other deposits tend to accumulate and remain in this area, thus forming a thermal state and material distribution state different from the mainstream exhaust area. Therefore, the back cavity can reflect the local heat accumulation, condensation retention and deposition evolution process in the inlet area of ​​the exhaust waste heat exchanger.

[0017] The first guide flange is a bent guide structure located in the inlet area of ​​the exhaust waste heat exchanger to change the flow direction of the exhaust gas entering the heat exchanger. When the exhaust gas enters the heat exchanger, it first contacts the first guide flange and the flow direction is deflected, causing the exhaust gas to be distributed from the inlet area to the heat exchange area. One side of the first guide flange is connected to the mainstream exhaust gas area, and the other side is adjacent to the back cavity. Due to the changes in the exhaust gas flow direction, flow velocity, and local heat exchange conditions, a temperature distribution, flow distribution, and condensation distribution that are different from the mainstream area are easily formed near the first guide flange. Therefore, the first guide flange can reflect the heat transfer state and flow distribution state of the exhaust gas in the initial stage of entering the heat exchanger.

[0018] Specifically, the data boundaries of each data segment are determined based on the start and end acquisition times of each data segment in the original running dataset. The parking data segment whose end acquisition time is after the low-load running data segment and whose start acquisition time is before the restart data segment is considered as the subsequent data segment of the low-load running data segment. The restart data segment whose start acquisition time is after the parking data segment and whose end acquisition time is before the residual heat recovery data segment is considered as the subsequent data segment of the parking data segment. The residual heat recovery data segment whose start acquisition time is after the restart data segment is considered as the subsequent data segment of the restart data segment. The low-load running data segment, parking data segment, restart data segment, and residual heat recovery data segment with the above continuous sequential relationship are merged into the same continuous data segment, and this continuous data segment is marked as a candidate running segment of the back cavity.

[0019] The occupancy mapping module obtains the thermal state sequence of the segments based on the candidate running segments of the back cavity and the original running dataset; and generates a wet shell thermal occupancy map based on the segment thermal state sequence. In an embodiment of the present invention, a fragment thermal state sequence is obtained, including: Based on the inlet exhaust temperature data and outlet exhaust temperature data in the original operating dataset, an exhaust-side thermal state record is generated. Specifically, the inlet exhaust temperature data and outlet exhaust temperature data within the candidate back cavity operating segment are organized according to the data acquisition time. The inlet exhaust temperature data and outlet exhaust temperature data corresponding to the same data acquisition time are written into the same exhaust-side thermal state data record. Each exhaust-side thermal state data record is marked as an exhaust-side thermal state record, and the inlet exhaust temperature data, outlet exhaust temperature data, data acquisition time, and corresponding back cavity candidate operating segment number are retained in the exhaust-side thermal state record.

[0020] Based on the heat exchange medium inlet temperature data and heat exchange medium outlet temperature data in the original operating dataset, a heat exchange medium thermal state record is generated. The exhaust side thermal state record refers to the exhaust heat change record formed based on the inlet exhaust temperature data and the outlet exhaust temperature data. This record is used to characterize the thermal state change of the exhaust before and after passing through the exhaust waste heat exchanger. The heat exchange medium thermal state record refers to the heat change record of the heat exchange medium formed based on the heat exchange medium inlet temperature data and the heat exchange medium outlet temperature data. This record is used to characterize the heat absorption state change of the heat exchange medium before and after passing through the exhaust waste heat exchanger. Specifically, the inlet and outlet temperature data of the heat exchange medium within the candidate operating segment of the back cavity are organized according to the data acquisition time. The inlet and outlet temperature data of the heat exchange medium corresponding to the same data acquisition time are written into the same heat exchange medium thermal state data record. Each heat exchange medium thermal state data record is marked as a heat exchange medium thermal state record. The heat exchange medium thermal state record retains the inlet temperature data, outlet temperature data, data acquisition time, and the corresponding candidate operating segment number of the back cavity.

[0021] Based on the waste heat utilization loop call status data in the original operation dataset, generate waste heat call records; Specifically, the waste heat utilization circuit call status data within the candidate running segments of the back cavity is organized according to the data acquisition time. The waste heat utilization circuit call status data corresponding to the same data acquisition time is written into the same waste heat call data record. Each waste heat call data record is marked as a waste heat call record, and the waste heat utilization circuit call status data, data acquisition time, and corresponding candidate running segment number of the back cavity are retained in the waste heat call record.

[0022] According to the data acquisition order of the candidate operating segments in the back cavity, the thermal state records of the exhaust side, the thermal state records of the heat exchange medium, and the waste heat utilization records are time-series aligned to obtain the segment thermal state sequence.

[0023] The waste heat utilization record refers to the waste heat utilization status record formed based on the waste heat utilization circuit utilization status data. This record is used to characterize whether the exhaust waste heat is received and utilized by the power battery thermal management circuit, fuel preheating circuit, equipment compartment insulation circuit, or other heat-using circuits. The segment thermal state sequence refers to the continuous thermal state data sequence formed by arranging the exhaust side thermal state record, heat exchange medium thermal state record, and waste heat utilization record according to the corresponding acquisition time under the data acquisition sequence of the candidate operating segment of the back cavity. This continuous thermal state data sequence is used to characterize the correspondence between exhaust heat release, medium heat absorption, and waste heat utilization in the candidate operating segment of the back cavity.

[0024] Specifically, the candidate operating segment number of the back cavity is used as the classification basis, and the data acquisition time is used as the arrangement basis. The exhaust side thermal state record, heat exchange medium thermal state record and waste heat call record with the same candidate operating segment number and the corresponding data acquisition time are arranged in the same segment thermal state data row. The multiple segment thermal state data rows are arranged in the order of data acquisition time to obtain the segment thermal state sequence.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, generating a wet shell heat occupancy map includes: In the segment thermal state sequence, the data locations with heat exchange medium thermal state records and waste heat recall records are marked as recallable heat locations; The callable heat location refers to the data location in the segment thermal state sequence that corresponds to both the heat absorption process of the heat exchange medium and the waste heat utilization process. The heat corresponding to this data location has completed the transfer from the exhaust to the heat exchange medium and entered the actual waste heat utilization process. Therefore, it can reflect the effective heat distribution participating in the cascade utilization. Each segment thermal state data line in the segment thermal state sequence is used as a marker object. Each segment thermal state data line is checked to see if it contains both the heat exchange medium thermal state record and the waste heat call record. The segment thermal state data line that contains both the heat exchange medium thermal state record and the waste heat call record is determined as the callable heat data line. The data position of the callable heat data line in the segment thermal state sequence is marked as the callable heat position. The corresponding data acquisition time, heat exchange medium thermal state record, waste heat call record and the candidate running segment number of the back cavity are retained in the callable heat position.

[0026] In the fragment thermal state sequence, mark the locations of heat occupied by the wet shell; The location of the wet shell occupied heat refers to the location of the heat retention area formed by the wet deposits on the folded back cavity in the inlet area of ​​the exhaust waste heat exchanger. Although the heat in this location comes from the diesel engine exhaust and enters the waste heat exchange process, the local wet deposits, condensate and deposit layers affect the heat transfer path, causing some heat to remain in the local area and not enter the normal waste heat utilization process. Therefore, it can characterize the state of local heat being occupied and retained inside the exhaust waste heat exchanger. The data locations in the segment thermal state sequence that are not marked as callable thermal locations are taken as data locations to be marked. The data locations in the data locations to be marked that correspond to the exhaust side thermal state record and the adjacent location attribute of the folded back cavity are determined as wet shell occupancy data locations. The wet shell occupancy data locations are marked as wet shell occupancy thermal locations. The corresponding data acquisition time, exhaust side thermal state record, folded back cavity adjacent location attribute, and the candidate running segment number of the back cavity are retained in the wet shell occupancy thermal locations.

[0027] A wet shell heat occupancy map is generated based on the available heat locations and the wet shell occupied heat locations.

[0028] The wet shell heat occupancy map refers to the heat state record used to describe the distribution relationship between available heat and wet shell occupied heat in the inlet area of ​​the exhaust waste heat exchanger. This heat state record reflects the correspondence between the part of heat actually used and the part of heat locally retained in the waste heat recovery process, and is used to characterize the heat distribution state after the wet deposits in the folded back cavity affect the exhaust waste heat flow, heat migration and cascade utilization path.

[0029] Specifically, after the available heat locations and wet shell occupied heat locations have been marked, the available heat locations and wet shell occupied heat locations under the same back cavity candidate running segment number are arranged according to the data acquisition time. The available heat locations are written into the available heat location recording area, and the wet shell occupied heat locations are written into the wet shell occupied heat location recording area. The available heat location recording area and the wet shell occupied heat location recording area are regarded as the same occupied recording unit. All occupied recording units are arranged according to the corresponding back cavity candidate running segment number to obtain the wet shell heat occupied map.

[0030] The heat source classification module generates a list of heat sources for cascade utilization based on the data records corresponding to the callable heat locations in the wet shell heat occupancy map; it then classifies the data records in the list of heat sources for cascade utilization to obtain ordinary callable heat source records and back cavity adjacent callable heat source records. In an embodiment of the present invention, generating a list of heat sources for cascade utilization includes: Write the data records corresponding to the callable heat locations in the wet shell heat place map into the current callable heat source item set; The current set of available heat source items refers to the set of heat source records formed by the heat corresponding to the available heat locations. The heat in this set of heat source records has completed the process of exhaust heat release and heat absorption by the heat exchange medium, and can enter the waste heat utilization process. Therefore, it can reflect the distribution of heat resources that actually participate in waste heat recovery. Specifically, the available heat locations in the wet shell heat occupancy map are used as data extraction objects. The data acquisition time, the candidate operating segment number of the back cavity to which each available heat location belongs, the thermal state record of the exhaust side, the thermal state record of the heat exchange medium, and the waste heat access record are written into the same available heat source data record. All available heat source data records are arranged according to the candidate operating segment number of the back cavity to which they belong and the data acquisition time. All arranged available heat source data records are written into the current available heat source item set.

[0031] Based on the heat position attributes of each data record in the current set of available heat source items, mark the data records in the current set of available heat source items as high temperature heat position records, medium temperature heat position records, or low temperature heat position records; Heat potential attribute refers to the heat level attribute corresponding to heat in the process of tiered utilization. This attribute reflects the temperature level of the heat and the appropriate utilization level, and is used to distinguish the application position of heat in different tiered utilization stages. High-temperature heat potential record refers to heat source record with high-temperature heat potential attribute, which corresponds to heat resources at a higher temperature level. Medium-temperature heat potential record refers to heat source record with medium-temperature heat potential attribute, which corresponds to heat resources at a medium temperature level. Low-temperature heat potential record refers to heat source record with low-temperature heat potential attribute, which corresponds to heat resources at a lower temperature level. Specifically, each data record in the current set of callable heat source items is used as a heat position marker object. Based on the heat position attributes already contained in each data record, data records with high-temperature heat position attributes are marked as high-temperature heat position records, data records with medium-temperature heat position attributes are marked as medium-temperature heat position records, and data records with low-temperature heat position attributes are marked as low-temperature heat position records. In each high-temperature heat position record, medium-temperature heat position record, and low-temperature heat position record, the corresponding data acquisition time, the candidate running segment number of the back cavity to which it belongs, the heat position attribute, and the heat position attribute are retained.

[0032] Write the high-temperature stage heat position record into the high-temperature stage callable heat source item; Write the intermediate temperature stage heat level record into the intermediate temperature stage callable heat source item; Write the low-temperature stage heat level record into the low-temperature stage callable heat source item; Specifically, the data acquisition time, the candidate operating segment number of the back cavity to which each high-temperature heat position record belongs, the heat location attribute, and the heat position attribute are written into the same high-temperature callable heat source data record. All high-temperature callable heat source data records are written into the high-temperature callable heat source item. The data acquisition time, the candidate operating segment number of the back cavity to which each medium-temperature heat position record belongs, the heat location attribute, and the heat position attribute are written into the same medium-temperature callable heat source data record. All medium-temperature callable heat source data records are written into the medium-temperature callable heat source item. The data acquisition time, the candidate operating segment number of the back cavity to which each low-temperature heat position record belongs, the heat location attribute, and the heat position attribute are written into the same low-temperature callable heat source data record. All low-temperature callable heat source data records are written into the low-temperature callable heat source item.

[0033] Based on the callable heat source items at high temperature, medium temperature, and low temperature, a list of heat sources for tiered utilization is generated.

[0034] High-temperature level callable heat source items refer to a set of heat source records consisting of high-temperature level heat position records, which is used to characterize the distribution of high-temperature heat resources; medium-temperature level callable heat source items refer to a set of heat source records consisting of medium-temperature level heat position records, which is used to characterize the distribution of medium-temperature heat resources; low-temperature level callable heat source items refer to a set of heat source records consisting of low-temperature level heat position records, which is used to characterize the distribution of low-temperature heat resources; the cascade utilization heat source list refers to the summary result of heat source records classified according to heat position attributes, which is used to describe the composition of heat resources that can participate in cascade utilization and the distribution relationship between different heat levels.

[0035] Specifically, high-temperature, medium-temperature, and low-temperature callable heat source items are written into the same heat source list data structure. In the heat source list data structure, high-temperature, medium-temperature, and low-temperature heat source record areas are set up. High-temperature callable heat source items are written into the high-temperature heat source record area, medium-temperature callable heat source items are written into the medium-temperature heat source record area, and low-temperature callable heat source items are written into the low-temperature heat source record area.

[0036] In embodiments of the present invention, obtaining a conventional callable heat source record and a back cavity adjacent callable heat source record includes: Read the heat location attributes of each data record in the cascade utilization heat source list; The heat location attribute refers to the attribution attribute of heat to the internal space of the exhaust waste heat exchanger. This attribute is used to describe the positional relationship between the heat source area and the area where the heat is located, and to reflect the correspondence between heat and different structural areas inside the heat exchanger. Each data record in the heat source list is used as the location reading object. The heat location attribute already written in each data record is extracted. The data record whose heat location attribute corresponds to the main heat exchange area of ​​the exhaust waste heat exchanger is written into the ordinary location record group. The data record whose heat location attribute corresponds to the adjacent area of ​​the first guide fold back cavity at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat exchanger is written into the back cavity adjacent location record group. The corresponding data acquisition time, the candidate operation segment number of the back cavity, the heat location attribute, and the heat location attribute are retained in the ordinary location record group and the back cavity adjacent location record group.

[0037] Based on the location attributes of heat sources, the data records in the cascade utilization heat source list are classified to obtain ordinary callable heat source records and back cavity adjacent callable heat source records.

[0038] Ordinary callable heat source records refer to heat source records whose corresponding heat originates from the normal exhaust heat exchange path and does not form a direct spatial association with the first guide vane back cavity area. These heat source records reflect the normal heat state of exhaust heat after entering the waste heat utilization process through the heat exchange process. Back cavity adjacent callable heat source records refer to heat source records whose corresponding heat source area has a spatial correspondence with the adjacent area of ​​the first guide vane back cavity. These heat source records reflect the heat state of heat near the back cavity area when participating in the waste heat utilization process and are used to characterize the correspondence between the local heat distribution in the back cavity area and the waste heat utilization process.

[0039] Specifically, data records in the main heat exchange area recording unit are marked as ordinary callable heat source records, and data records in the adjacent area recording unit of the back cavity are marked as adjacent callable heat source records of the back cavity. Ordinary callable heat source records are written into the ordinary callable heat source record area, and adjacent callable heat source records of the back cavity are written into the adjacent callable heat source record area of ​​the back cavity. The ordinary callable heat source record area and the adjacent callable heat source record area of ​​the back cavity are merged into the classification result record area. In the classification result record area, the source identifier of the main heat exchange area recording unit is retained for each ordinary callable heat source record, and the source identifier of the adjacent area recording unit of the back cavity is retained for each adjacent callable heat source record. At the same time, the heat position attribute, heat location attribute, data acquisition time, candidate running segment number of the back cavity to which it belongs, and heat source item attribution information are retained for each record.

[0040] The deposition definition module defines the wetted deposit body in the folded-back cavity based on the structural data of the flow guide folded-back cavity at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat heat exchanger. In embodiments of the present invention, a folded-edge back cavity wetted deposit is defined, comprising: Obtain the structural data of the guide flange back cavity at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat exchanger; Specifically, when a flow guide folded back cavity has been set at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat exchanger, the structural drawing data, three-dimensional structural data, or maintenance survey data of the exhaust waste heat exchanger inlet end are used as the source of the flow guide folded back cavity structural data. The data contents corresponding to the exhaust inlet opening, the flow guide fold entity, the recessed area behind the flow guide fold, and the inner wall of the heat exchanger inlet in the flow guide folded back cavity structural data are organized into the same structural data file, and the spatial connection relationship between the flow guide fold entity and the recessed area of ​​the back cavity is preserved in the structural data file.

[0041] Position analysis was performed on the structural data of the guide flange back cavity to obtain the position data of the guide flange and the position data of the back cavity area; The flow guide flange back cavity structure data refers to the structural data at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat exchanger used to describe the relative positional relationship between the flow guide flange and the back cavity. This structural data reflects the region where the flow guide flange is located, the region where the back cavity is located, and the spatial adjacency relationship between the two. The flow guide flange position data refers to the spatial position data of the flow guide flange at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat exchanger. This spatial position data is used to characterize the local structural position where the flow direction is deflected after the exhaust enters the heat exchanger. The back cavity region position data refers to the spatial position data of the back cavity at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat exchanger. This spatial position data is used to characterize the local concave region formed on the rear side or adjacent side of the flow guide flange. With the data of the guide flange back cavity structure already formed, the boundary line, bending surface and the frontal surface adjacent to the exhaust inlet of the guide flange entity are organized into guide flange position data. The inner wall boundary, concave space boundary and region boundary adjacent to the guide flange of the concave area on the rear side of the guide flange are organized into back cavity region position data. The guide flange position data and back cavity region position data are written into the same position analysis result.

[0042] Based on the location data of the guide fold and the location data of the back cavity area, extract the back cavity adjacent data record from the record of the available heat source adjacent to the back cavity; Specifically, each data record in the record of the adjacent callable heat sources of the back cavity is used as a spatial extraction object. The heat location attribute in each data record is matched with the flow guide fold position data and the back cavity area position data. The data records whose heat location attributes correspond to the adjacent space of the flow guide fold position data and the adjacent space of the back cavity area position data are determined as the back cavity adjacent data records. The data acquisition time, the back cavity candidate running segment number, heat position attribute, heat location attribute and heat source item attribution information of the back cavity adjacent data records are written into the back cavity adjacent data record area.

[0043] Record the adjacent data of the back cavity and mark it as the back cavity position record; The back cavity adjacent data record refers to the data record in the back cavity adjacent callable heat source record that has a spatial correspondence with the flow guide fold position data and the back cavity area position data. This data record reflects the proximity relationship between the heat location and the back cavity area. The back cavity position record refers to the data record obtained by marking the back cavity adjacent data record. This data record is used to characterize the state of the heat location falling into or adjacent to the back cavity area. Specifically, each adjacent data record in the adjacent data recording area of ​​the back cavity is used as a back cavity position marker object. The data acquisition time, the candidate running segment number of the back cavity to which the back cavity belongs, the heat position attribute, the heat location attribute, and the heat source item attribution information of the back cavity position marker object are written into the back cavity position record. The back cavity position record is written into the back cavity position record area, and the data source relationship between the back cavity position record and the adjacent data record of the back cavity is preserved.

[0044] Obtain the moisture content attribute corresponding to the location record of the back cavity; Specifically, the back cavity location record is used as the carrier of the humidity state attribute. The data acquisition time, the candidate operation segment number of the back cavity to which it belongs, the heat location attribute and the heat position attribute corresponding to each back cavity location record are matched with the condensation state data, deposition state data and heat transfer state data at the same data acquisition time in the original operation dataset. The matched condensation state data, deposition state data and heat transfer state data are written into the humidity state attribute field of the back cavity location record.

[0045] Data records with moist state attributes in the back cavity location record are marked as moist sediment records; Moisture-containing state attribute refers to the state attribute of the area corresponding to the back cavity location record where there is condensate, contaminated condensate or moist sediment. This attribute reflects the coupling state between heat and liquid condensate and sediment in the back cavity area. Wet sediment record refers to the data record with moisture-containing state attribute in the back cavity location record. The back cavity area corresponding to this data record has moist sediment and affects local heat transfer. Specifically, each back cavity location record is used as a wetted marking object. Data records containing condensation state data, deposition state data, and heat transfer state data in the wetted state attribute field are identified as data records with wetted state attributes. Data records with wetted state attributes are marked as wetted deposition records. The data acquisition time, the candidate running segment number of the back cavity to which it belongs, the heat location attribute, the heat position attribute, and the wetted state attribute are retained in the wetted deposition records.

[0046] Based on the wetted sedimentary record, a folded back cavity wetted sedimentary body is defined.

[0047] The wetted deposit in the back cavity of the folded edge refers to a localized, moist deposit that exists for a long time in the back cavity area of ​​the inlet guide folded edge of the exhaust waste heat exchanger. This localized, moist deposit is formed by the mutual adhesion of condensate, soot particles, corrosion products, and other deposits. It adheres to the surface of the guide folded edge, the back cavity wall, or a localized area between the two, and maintains a high level of moisture content. Because there is a heat exchange relationship between this localized, moist deposit and the surrounding metal structure, it changes the local heat storage, heat dissipation, and heat migration state of the back cavity area. This causes some of the heat entering the back cavity area to be locally retained, locally accumulated, or locally released, thus forming a heat distribution and heat exchange state that is different from that of the mainstream exhaust area.

[0048] Specifically, the thermal location attributes corresponding to the wetted sediment record are mapped to the flow-bending edge location data and the back cavity region location data. The spatial location corresponding to the wetted sediment record is limited to the flow-bending edge back cavity region at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat heat exchanger. The wetted sediment object corresponding to the limited wetted sediment record is defined as the flow-bending back cavity wetted sediment body. The correspondence between the flow-bending back cavity wetted sediment body and the wetted sediment record is written into the flow-bending back cavity wetted sediment body record.

[0049] The instruction generation module generates instructions for the cascade utilization of waste heat based on the wetted sediment in the folded back cavity, ordinary callable heat source records, and adjacent callable heat source records in the back cavity.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, generating waste heat cascade utilization instructions includes: According to the heat position attribute of the ordinary callable heat source record, write the ordinary callable heat source record into the high temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field, the medium temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field, or the low temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field. Each ordinary callable heat source record is written as an instruction field object. The heat position attribute, data acquisition time, candidate running segment number of the back cavity to which it belongs, and heat position attribute already written in the ordinary callable heat source record are extracted. Ordinary callable heat source records with high temperature heat position attribute are written into the high temperature waste heat utilization instruction field, ordinary callable heat source records with medium temperature heat position attribute are written into the medium temperature waste heat utilization instruction field, and ordinary callable heat source records with low temperature heat position attribute are written into the low temperature waste heat utilization instruction field. The data source relationship corresponding to the ordinary callable heat source record is retained in the high temperature waste heat utilization instruction field, the medium temperature waste heat utilization instruction field, and the low temperature waste heat utilization instruction field.

[0051] In the record of the available heat source adjacent to the back cavity, the graded attributes corresponding to the wetted sediments in the folded back cavity are extracted; among them, the graded attributes include high temperature grade attributes, medium temperature grade attributes and low temperature grade attributes; The high-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction field refers to the data area used to store information on the utilization of high-temperature heat resources. This data area corresponds to the heat records that can enter the high-temperature stage waste heat utilization process and reflects the distribution status of high-temperature heat resources in the cascade utilization process. The medium-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction field refers to the data area used to store information on the utilization of medium-temperature heat resources. This data area corresponds to the heat records that can enter the medium-temperature stage waste heat utilization process and reflects the distribution status of medium-temperature heat resources in the cascade utilization process. The low-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction field refers to the data area used to store information on the utilization of low-temperature heat resources. This data area corresponds to the heat records that can enter the low-temperature stage waste heat utilization process and reflects the distribution status of low-temperature heat resources in the cascade utilization process. Each callable heat source record adjacent to the back cavity is used as a tiered attribute extraction object. The heat location attributes in the callable heat source record adjacent to the back cavity are mapped to the heat location attributes corresponding to the wetted sediment body in the folded back cavity. The callable heat source records adjacent to the back cavity with corresponding relationships are identified as wetted sediment associated heat source records. The tiered attributes are extracted from the wetted sediment associated heat source records and written into the tiered attribute field of the wetted sediment associated heat source records. The record content corresponding to the high temperature level attribute, medium temperature level attribute, or low temperature level attribute is retained in the tiered attribute field.

[0052] Record the callable heat source adjacent to the back cavity according to the grade attribute corresponding to the wetted sediment body of the folded back cavity, and write it into the high temperature grade waste heat utilization instruction field, the medium temperature grade waste heat utilization instruction field, or the low temperature grade waste heat utilization instruction field. The tiered attribute refers to the attribute of the heat corresponding to the wetted sediment body in the tiered utilization process. This attribute is used to characterize the utilization level of the heat in the area affected by the wetted sediment body in the tiered utilization process. Specifically, each data record in the adjacent callable heat source record of the back cavity is taken as a record to be written. The heat location attribute, heat position attribute, data acquisition time, and the candidate running segment number of the back cavity to which it belongs are extracted from the record to be written. The heat location attribute in the record to be written is matched with the heat location attribute corresponding to the wetted sediment body of the folded back cavity. The record to be written that has been matched is determined as the wetted sediment-associated heat source record. The hierarchical attribute corresponding to the wetted sediment body of the folded back cavity is extracted from the wetted sediment-associated heat source record. The wetted sediment-associated heat source records with high-temperature attributes are then identified. Record the waste heat utilization instruction field for high-temperature level, record the heat source associated with wetted sediment with medium-temperature level attributes in the medium-temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field, record the heat source associated with wetted sediment with low-temperature level attributes in the low-temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field, and retain the heat location attribute, heat position attribute, class attribute, data acquisition time, candidate running segment number of the back cavity, and the corresponding relationship of the wetted sediment body in the high-temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field, the medium-temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field, and the low-temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field.

[0053] Based on the high-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction fields, the medium-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction fields, and the low-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction fields, waste heat cascade utilization instructions are generated.

[0054] The high-temperature level attribute refers to the attribute corresponding to the high-temperature heat utilization level within its respective cascade attributes. This attribute indicates that the heat is suitable for the high-temperature waste heat utilization process. The medium-temperature level attribute refers to the attribute corresponding to the medium-temperature heat utilization level within its respective cascade attributes. This attribute indicates that the heat is suitable for the medium-temperature waste heat utilization process. The low-temperature level attribute refers to the attribute corresponding to the low-temperature heat utilization level within its respective cascade attributes. This attribute indicates that the heat is suitable for the low-temperature waste heat utilization process. The waste heat cascade utilization instruction refers to the set of waste heat utilization execution information formed according to different heat levels. This set of execution information is used to characterize the distribution relationship of high-temperature heat, medium-temperature heat, and low-temperature heat in the waste heat utilization process and the corresponding utilization order.

[0055] Specifically, the high-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction field, the medium-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction field, and the low-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction field are written into the same instruction data structure. The instruction data structure retains the field boundaries, field names, field contents, and field arrangement order of the high-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction field, the medium-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction field, and the low-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction field. The instruction data structure after writing is used as the waste heat cascade utilization instruction.

[0056] The waste heat cascade utilization command is sent to the heat distribution control unit of the heat exchange device. According to the high-temperature stage waste heat utilization command field, the medium-temperature stage waste heat utilization command field, and the low-temperature stage waste heat utilization command field in the waste heat cascade utilization command, the exhaust waste heat entering the heat exchange device is guided in stages. The high-temperature stage heat is directed to the high-temperature stage heat exchange channel, the medium-temperature stage heat is directed to the medium-temperature stage heat exchange channel, and the low-temperature stage heat is directed to the low-temperature stage heat exchange channel. At the same time, according to the corresponding cascade attribute of the adjacent callable heat source record in the waste heat cascade utilization command, the heat associated with the wet deposit body of the folded back cavity is independently heat exchanged and adjusted, so that the heat in the adjacent area of ​​the back cavity and the heat of the ordinary callable heat source participate in the heat exchange process respectively, thus completing the cascade heat exchange utilization of diesel engine exhaust waste heat in the heat exchange device.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines in hybrid locomotives operating in high-altitude and cold regions, characterized in that, include: The fragment construction module generates candidate operating fragments for the back cavity based on the original operating dataset of the diesel engine exhaust waste heat system. The occupant mapping module obtains the thermal state sequence of the segments based on the candidate running segments of the back cavity and the original running dataset; Based on the fragment thermal state sequence, a wet shell thermal occupancy map is generated; The heat source classification module generates a list of heat sources for cascade utilization based on the data records corresponding to the callable heat locations in the wet shell heat occupancy map; it then classifies the data records in the list of heat sources for cascade utilization to obtain ordinary callable heat source records and back cavity adjacent callable heat source records. The deposition definition module defines the wetted deposit body in the folded-back cavity based on the structural data of the flow guide folded-back cavity at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat heat exchanger. The instruction generation module generates instructions for the cascade utilization of waste heat based on the wetted sediment in the folded back cavity, ordinary callable heat source records, and adjacent callable heat source records in the back cavity.

2. The waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines of hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Generate candidate runtime segments for the back cavity, including: Obtain the raw operational dataset of the diesel engine exhaust waste heat system; Based on the locomotive operating status data in the original operating dataset, extract the low-load operating data segment, the parking data segment, the restart data segment, and the residual heat recovery data segment from the original operating dataset. A continuous data segment that sequentially contains a low-load operation data segment, a shutdown data segment, a restart data segment, and a residual heat recovery data segment will be used as a candidate operation segment for the back cavity.

3. The waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines of hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fragment thermal state sequence is obtained, including: Based on the inlet exhaust temperature data and outlet exhaust temperature data in the original operating dataset, an exhaust-side thermal state record is generated. Based on the heat exchange medium inlet temperature data and heat exchange medium outlet temperature data in the original operating dataset, a heat exchange medium thermal state record is generated. Based on the waste heat utilization loop call status data in the original operation dataset, generate waste heat call records; According to the data acquisition order of the candidate operating segments in the back cavity, the thermal state records of the exhaust side, the thermal state records of the heat exchange medium, and the waste heat utilization records are time-series aligned to obtain the segment thermal state sequence.

4. The waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines of hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that, Generate a wetted shell heat occupancy map, including: In the segment thermal state sequence, the data locations with heat exchange medium thermal state records and waste heat recall records are marked as recallable heat locations; In the fragment thermal state sequence, mark the locations of heat occupied by the wet shell; A wet shell heat occupancy map is generated based on the available heat locations and the wet shell occupied heat locations.

5. The waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines of hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Generate a list of heat sources for cascade utilization, including: Write the data records corresponding to the callable heat locations in the wet shell heat place map into the current callable heat source item set; Based on the heat position attributes of each data record in the current set of available heat source items, mark the data records in the current set of available heat source items as high temperature heat position records, medium temperature heat position records, or low temperature heat position records; Write the high-temperature stage heat position record into the high-temperature stage callable heat source item; Write the intermediate temperature stage heat level record into the intermediate temperature stage callable heat source item; Write the low-temperature stage heat level record into the low-temperature stage callable heat source item; Based on the callable heat source items at high temperature, medium temperature, and low temperature, a list of heat sources for tiered utilization is generated.

6. The waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines of hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the records of ordinary callable heat sources and the records of callable heat sources adjacent to the back cavity, including: Read the heat location attributes of each data record in the cascade utilization heat source list; Based on the location attributes of heat sources, the data records in the cascade utilization heat source list are classified to obtain ordinary callable heat source records and back cavity adjacent callable heat source records.

7. The waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines of hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Define a folded back cavity wetted sedimentary body, including: Obtain the structural data of the guide flange back cavity at the inlet of the exhaust waste heat exchanger; Position analysis was performed on the structural data of the guide flange back cavity to obtain the position data of the guide flange and the position data of the back cavity area; Based on the location data of the guide fold and the location data of the back cavity area, extract the back cavity adjacent data record from the record of the available heat source adjacent to the back cavity; Record the adjacent data of the back cavity and mark it as the back cavity position record; Obtain the moisture content attribute corresponding to the location record of the back cavity; Data records with moist state attributes in the back cavity location record are marked as moist sediment records; Based on the wetted sedimentary record, a folded back cavity wetted sedimentary body is defined.

8. The waste heat cascade utilization system for diesel engines of hybrid locomotives in high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Generate instructions for the cascade utilization of waste heat, including: According to the heat position attribute of the ordinary callable heat source record, write the ordinary callable heat source record into the high temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field, the medium temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field, or the low temperature level waste heat utilization instruction field. In the record of the available heat source adjacent to the back cavity, the graded attributes corresponding to the wetted sediments in the folded back cavity are extracted; among them, the graded attributes include high temperature grade attributes, medium temperature grade attributes and low temperature grade attributes; Record the callable heat source adjacent to the back cavity according to the grade attribute corresponding to the wetted sediment body of the folded back cavity, and write it into the high temperature grade waste heat utilization instruction field, the medium temperature grade waste heat utilization instruction field, or the low temperature grade waste heat utilization instruction field. Based on the high-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction fields, the medium-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction fields, and the low-temperature stage waste heat utilization instruction fields, waste heat cascade utilization instructions are generated.

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