Composite hydrogen station with direct filling function and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function and a control method thereof. The hydrogen refueling station comprises a hydrogen unloading column, a first compressor, a hydrogen storage container group, a sequence control cabinet, a first hydrogen refueling machine, a second compressor and a second hydrogen refueling machine. The first compressor charges hydrogen into the hydrogen storage container group and preferentially charges into a high-pressure hydrogen storage container. When the first hydrogen refueling machine is refueling, the hydrogen storage container group supplies hydrogen in a low-pressure, medium-pressure and high-pressure priority order. When the conditions are met, the first compressor is switched to direct charging. The second compressor takes gas from the hydrogen storage container group, pressurizes the gas and directly charges the second hydrogen refueling machine. The second hydrogen refueling machine preferentially charges hydrogen than the first hydrogen refueling machine. In the above manner, the application can realize refueling of a 70MPa vehicle-mounted bottle by a small amount of equipment, avoid high-pressure hydrogen storage risks and improve hydrogen refueling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen refueling station technology, and in particular to a composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most hydrogen refueling stations in the domestic market operate at a refueling pressure of 35MPa. However, with the increasing demands for driving range and refueling efficiency in the fuel cell market, the need for 70MPa refueling pressure is becoming increasingly urgent. However, constructing a complete 70MPa hydrogen refueling station typically requires a full set of equipment, including a medium-pressure compressor, a high-pressure compressor, a medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage container. The entire system has a complex structure, and the initial investment cost is significantly higher than that of a 35MPa-level station.

[0003] High-pressure hydrogen storage containers, in particular, are designed for high pressures, typically around 90 MPa, to meet the 70 MPa refueling pressure requirement. This higher design pressure significantly increases the thickness of the container shell, placing higher demands on material strength and manufacturing, resulting in a substantial increase in the manufacturing cost of a single container. Furthermore, these containers generally have small individual volumes, often requiring multiple containers to be used in combination to meet the total hydrogen storage needs of the site, leading to less than ideal storage efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the high-pressure storage of hydrogen at 90MPa in a hydrogen refueling station involves not only investment in the storage container itself, but also investment in the land area, which greatly increases the construction cost of the hydrogen refueling station.

[0005] In addition, the station stores a large amount of 90MPa high-pressure hydrogen gas for a long time, which places higher demands on sealing reliability and safety protection, and also increases the safety risks of the hydrogen refueling station.

[0006] In summary, how to achieve a 70MPa refueling capacity with minimal equipment investment on the basis of existing 35MPa hydrogen refueling stations, while avoiding or reducing reliance on 90MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage containers, has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current technological upgrade of hydrogen refueling stations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function and its control method. Based on a 35MPa hydrogen refueling station, only a 90MPa high-pressure compressor and a 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen dispenser are added. Through direct charging control and orderly adjustment, it is possible to refuel the 70MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder with a small equipment investment, avoid the risks of high-pressure hydrogen storage, and improve hydrogen refueling efficiency.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function is provided, comprising: a hydrogen unloading column, a first compressor, a hydrogen storage container group, a first hydrogen refueling machine, a second compressor, and a second hydrogen refueling machine. The inlet of the first compressor is connected to the hydrogen unloading column for pressurizing hydrogen to a first preset pressure. The inlet of the hydrogen storage container group is connected to the outlet of the first compressor for storing pressurized hydrogen. The hydrogen storage container group includes at least a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage container. A sequence control cabinet is provided on the pipeline between the first compressor and the hydrogen storage container group. The inlet of the first hydrogen refueling machine is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen storage container group and the outlet of the first compressor, respectively, for refueling vehicle-mounted cylinders of a first pressure level. The inlet of the second compressor is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen storage container group for pressurizing hydrogen to a second preset pressure, which is higher than the first preset pressure. The inlet of the second hydrogen refueling machine is connected to the outlet of the second compressor for direct charging of vehicle-mounted cylinders of a second pressure level.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the volume ratio of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container is 2:3:4.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the first compressor is connected to the sequential control cabinet via a hydrogen supply main pipe. The sequential control cabinet is provided with three hydrogen charging branch pipes, which are respectively connected to the inlets of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container. The three hydrogen charging branch pipes are respectively provided with a first hydrogen charging automatic control valve AOV-101, a second hydrogen charging automatic control valve AOV-102, and a third hydrogen charging automatic control valve AOV-103 to control the on / off state of the corresponding branch.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlets of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container are connected to the inlet of the first hydrogen refueling machine via a first hydrogen supply branch, a second hydrogen supply branch, and a third hydrogen supply branch, respectively; upstream of the first hydrogen supply branch, the second hydrogen supply branch, and the third hydrogen supply branch, a first hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-201, a second hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-202, and a third hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-203 are respectively provided; downstream of the first hydrogen supply branch, the second hydrogen supply branch, and the third hydrogen supply branch, towards the first hydrogen refueling machine, a fourth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve AOV-104, a fifth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve AOV-105, and a sixth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve AOV-106 are respectively provided.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlets of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container are respectively connected to the inlet of the second compressor via a fourth hydrogen supply branch, a fifth hydrogen supply branch, and a sixth hydrogen supply branch; the fourth hydrogen supply branch, the fifth hydrogen supply branch, and the sixth hydrogen supply branch are respectively equipped with a fourth hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-204, a fifth hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-205, and a sixth hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-206.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container are respectively equipped with a first pressure transmitter PT-201, a second pressure transmitter PT-202 and a third pressure transmitter PT-203, and each pressure transmitter is connected to the sequence control cabinet via signal.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first preset pressure is 45 MPa, the second preset pressure is 90 MPa; the first hydrogen refueling machine is a 35 MPa hydrogen refueling machine, and the second hydrogen refueling machine is a 70 MPa hydrogen refueling machine.

[0015] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a control method for a composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function, comprising:

[0016] The hydrogen storage container group is filled with hydrogen through the first compressor, and hydrogen is filled in sequence according to the priority order of high-pressure hydrogen storage container, medium-pressure hydrogen storage container and low-pressure hydrogen storage container.

[0017] When refueling the on-board hydrogen storage cylinder of the first pressure level, hydrogen is supplied to the first hydrogen refueling machine by the hydrogen storage container group, and hydrogen is supplied in sequence according to the priority order of low-pressure hydrogen storage container, medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and high-pressure hydrogen storage container; when the direct charging conditions are met, the first compressor pressurizes the hydrogen and directly supplies it to the first hydrogen refueling machine for direct charging.

[0018] When refueling the on-board hydrogen storage cylinder of the second pressure level, the hydrogen storage container group supplies hydrogen to the second compressor. After being pressurized to the second preset pressure by the second compressor, the hydrogen is directly supplied to the second hydrogen refueling machine for direct refueling.

[0019] When both the second and first hydrogen refueling machines are in hydrogen refueling mode, the hydrogen refueling operation of the first hydrogen refueling machine is suspended, and the refueling of the second hydrogen refueling machine is completed first. The hydrogen refueling operation of the first hydrogen refueling machine is resumed after the second hydrogen refueling machine is shut down.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen storage container group supplies hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine, including:

[0021] When the pressure difference between the low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the first hydrogen dispenser is greater than 3.5 MPa, the first automatic control valve for hydrogen supply corresponding to the low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the fourth automatic control valve for hydrogen distribution leading to the first hydrogen dispenser are opened, and hydrogen is supplied from the low-pressure hydrogen storage container to the first hydrogen dispenser.

[0022] Otherwise, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container is switched to supply hydrogen to the first hydrogen dispenser. When the pressure difference is greater than 3.5 MPa, the second hydrogen supply automatic control valve corresponding to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container and the fifth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve leading to the first hydrogen dispenser are opened, and hydrogen is supplied from the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container to the first hydrogen dispenser.

[0023] Otherwise, the high-pressure hydrogen storage container will switch to supply hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine. At this time, the third automatic hydrogen supply control valve corresponding to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container and the sixth automatic hydrogen supply distribution control valve AOV-106 leading to the first hydrogen refueling machine will open, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container will supply hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine until the vehicle-mounted cylinder of the first pressure level is full or the hydrogen refueling flow rate drops to the set value and the machine stops. The judgment condition for the vehicle-mounted cylinder of the first pressure level to be full is: the filling rate SOC meets: 95%≤SOC≤100%, or the hydrogen refueling flow rate ≤0.3kg / min.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first compressor directly charges the first hydrogen dispenser with hydrogen, comprising: during the process of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container supplying hydrogen to the first hydrogen dispenser, if the first compressor simultaneously charges the hydrogen storage container group with hydrogen, then comparing the hydrogen charging flow rate of the first hydrogen dispenser with the hydrogen unloading flow rate of the unloading column:

[0025] If the hydrogen supply flow rate is less than or equal to the hydrogen discharge flow rate, then close the first, second, and third automatic hydrogen supply control valves corresponding to each hydrogen storage container in the hydrogen storage container group, and cut off the hydrogen charging of the hydrogen storage container group by the first compressor.

[0026] At the same time, the third hydrogen charging automatic control valve of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container in the sequential control cabinet and the sixth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve leading to the first hydrogen dispenser are kept open, while the remaining automatic control valves in the sequential control cabinet are closed.

[0027] At this point, the hydrogen pressurized by the first compressor is directly supplied to the first hydrogen refueling machine, enabling direct hydrogen refueling.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen storage container group supplies hydrogen to the second hydrogen refueling unit, including:

[0029] Hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen storage container group to the second compressor, and after being pressurized by the second compressor, it is directly charged to the second hydrogen refueling machine;

[0030] When the hydrogen storage container group supplies hydrogen to the second compressor, it supplies hydrogen in the order of priority: low-pressure hydrogen storage container, medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and high-pressure hydrogen storage container. The fourth, fifth, and sixth automatic hydrogen supply control valves corresponding to each hydrogen storage container are opened in sequence according to priority.

[0031] The first threshold is set as the minimum pressure at which the low-pressure, medium-pressure, and high-pressure hydrogen storage containers supply hydrogen to the second compressor. When the hydrogen supply pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container is less than or equal to the first threshold, the system switches to supplying hydrogen from the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container and opens the fifth automatic hydrogen supply control valve corresponding to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container. When the hydrogen supply pressure of the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container is less than or equal to the first threshold, the system switches to supplying hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage container and opens the sixth automatic hydrogen supply control valve corresponding to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, using the high-pressure hydrogen storage container as the gas source until the on-board cylinder of the second pressure level is full. When the hydrogen supply pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container is less than or equal to the first threshold, the second compressor enters the internal circulation state, and the second hydrogen dispenser stops dispensing hydrogen. At this time, the first compressor fills the high-pressure hydrogen storage container with hydrogen and opens the third automatic hydrogen filling control valve AOV-103 and the third automatic hydrogen supply control valve corresponding to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container. When the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container rises to the second threshold, the second compressor and the second hydrogen dispenser resume pressurization and hydrogen dispensing.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first threshold is 21 MPa and the second threshold is 35 MPa.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0034] Based on the 35MPa hydrogen refueling station, only one 90MPa high-pressure compressor and one 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen dispenser are required. This allows for the refueling of 70MPa vehicle-mounted cylinders with a relatively small equipment investment, effectively improving the refueling efficiency of the 35MPa hydrogen refueling station.

[0035] It can effectively ensure that the functions of the 45MPa compressor filling the hydrogen storage container, the hydrogen storage container adding hydrogen to the 35MPa vehicle cylinder, the 45MPa compressor directly filling the 35MPa vehicle cylinder, and the 90MPa compressor directly filling the 70MPa vehicle cylinder do not interfere with each other and are carried out in an orderly and efficient manner. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein:

[0037] Figure 1This is a structural block diagram of the composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a control logic block diagram of the automatic and manual hydrogen filling of the hydrogen storage container group of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a control logic block diagram of the first hydrogen refueling machine of the present invention, which uses hydrogen storage container for hydrogen refueling and first compressor for direct hydrogen refueling.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a control logic block diagram of the second compressor directly charging hydrogen to the second hydrogen refueling unit according to the present invention;

[0041] The components in the attached diagram are labeled as follows:

[0042] O-01, Hydrogen unloading column; C-01, First compressor; S-01, Sequential control cabinet; D-01, First hydrogen dispenser; T-01, Hydrogen storage container group; C-02, Second compressor; D-02, Second hydrogen dispenser.

[0043] AOV-101, First Automatic Hydrogen Filling Control Valve; AOV-102, Second Automatic Hydrogen Filling Control Valve; AOV-103, Third Automatic Hydrogen Filling Control Valve.

[0044] AOV-104, Fourth Automatic Control Valve for Hydrogen Supply Distribution; AOV-105, Fifth Automatic Control Valve for Hydrogen Supply Distribution; AOV-106, Sixth Automatic Control Valve for Hydrogen Supply Distribution.

[0045] AOV-201, First automatic hydrogen supply control valve; AOV-202, Second automatic hydrogen supply control valve; AOV-203, Third automatic hydrogen supply control valve; AOV-204, Fourth automatic hydrogen supply control valve; AOV-205, Fifth automatic hydrogen supply control valve; AOV-206, Sixth automatic hydrogen supply control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0047] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0048] This invention provides a composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the composite hydrogen refueling station includes a hydrogen unloading column O-01, a first compressor C-01, a sequential control cabinet S-01, a hydrogen storage container group T-01, a first hydrogen dispenser D-01, a second compressor C-02, and a second hydrogen dispenser D-02.

[0049] The inlet of the hydrogen unloading column O-01 is connected to the long tube trailer to receive hydrogen from the long tube trailer. The hydrogen supply pressure of the long tube trailer is generally 20MPa. The inlet of the first compressor C-01 is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen unloading column O-01.

[0050] The first compressor C-01 is a 45MPa compressor, and its outlet is connected to the sequential control cabinet S-01 through the hydrogen supply main pipe. The sequential control cabinet S-01 is equipped with three hydrogen charging branch pipes, which are respectively connected to the inlets of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container in the hydrogen storage container group. The three hydrogen charging branch pipes are respectively equipped with a first hydrogen charging automatic control valve AOV-101, a second hydrogen charging automatic control valve AOV-102 and a third hydrogen charging automatic control valve AOV-103, which are used to control the on and off of the three hydrogen charging branch pipes.

[0051] The upper limit of the hydrogen storage pressure of the hydrogen storage container group T-01 in this embodiment is 45 MPa, and the total volume of the hydrogen storage container group T-01 is 9 m³. 3 .

[0052] The hydrogen storage container group T-01 includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage container, a medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, with their volumes divided in a 2:3:4 ratio. The volumes of the high-pressure, medium-pressure, and low-pressure sections are 2m³ each. 3 3m 3 and 4m 3 When compressor C-01 charges hydrogen into hydrogen storage container group T-01, it charges hydrogen in the order of high pressure, medium pressure, and low pressure.

[0053] Each hydrogen storage container is equipped with a first pressure transmitter PT-201, a second pressure transmitter PT-202, and a third pressure transmitter PT-203, which are used to detect the pressure of the low-pressure container, the medium-pressure container, and the high-pressure container, respectively. Each pressure transmitter is connected to the S-01 signal of the sequence control cabinet.

[0054] The outlets of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container are respectively connected to the inlet of the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 through the first hydrogen supply branch, the second hydrogen supply branch, and the third hydrogen supply branch.

[0055] The first hydrogen supply branch, the second hydrogen supply branch, and the third hydrogen supply branch are respectively equipped with a first hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-201, a second hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-202, and a third hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-203 upstream.

[0056] Downstream of the first hydrogen supply branch, the second hydrogen supply branch, and the third hydrogen supply branch, a fourth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve AOV-104, a fifth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve AOV-105, and a sixth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve AOV-106 are respectively installed at the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01.

[0057] Furthermore, the outlets of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container are connected to the inlet of the second compressor via the fourth hydrogen supply branch, the fifth hydrogen supply branch, and the sixth hydrogen supply branch, respectively. The fourth hydrogen supply branch, the fifth hydrogen supply branch, and the sixth hydrogen supply branch are respectively equipped with a fourth hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-204, a fifth hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-205, and a sixth hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-206.

[0058] The first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 is a 35MPa hydrogen refueling machine. Its inlet is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen storage container group T-01 and the outlet of the first compressor C-01, respectively, for refueling 35MPa vehicle-mounted cylinders. The first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 simultaneously satisfies the functions of supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen storage container group T-01 and directly supplying hydrogen to the first compressor C-01.

[0059] The second compressor C-02 is a 90MPa compressor, and its inlet is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen storage container group T-01, which is used to boost the hydrogen from 45MPa to 90MPa.

[0060] The second hydrogen refueling machine D-02 is a 70MPa hydrogen refueling machine. Its air inlet is connected to the air outlet of the second compressor C-02, and it is used to directly refuel the 70MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder.

[0061] This system eliminates the need for a separate 90MPa hydrogen storage container, which reduces equipment investment and site occupation, and also eliminates the safety risks associated with 90MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage. It achieves gas supply to the 70MPa hydrogen dispenser D-02 while minimizing equipment investment.

[0062] Based on the above system, the present invention also provides a control method for a composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, the first compressor C-01 fills the hydrogen storage container group T-01 with both automatic and manual hydrogen filling modes.

[0064] Specifically, the automatic hydrogen refilling mode is as follows:

[0065] Based on whether the pressure of each hydrogen storage container reaches the trigger condition, the start and stop of the first compressor C-01 are automatically controlled, and each hydrogen storage container is charged with hydrogen in sequence according to the preset priority.

[0066] The hydrogen charging trigger pressures for the high-pressure vessel, medium-pressure vessel, and low-pressure vessel are set to 40MPa, 34MPa, and 21MPa, respectively. The pressures of each hydrogen storage vessel are detected by pressure transmitters PT-203, PT-202, and PT-201, and transmitted to the sequence control cabinet S-01 for control.

[0067] The priority order for hydrogen charging is high-pressure hydrogen storage container, medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and low-pressure hydrogen storage container. That is, when two or more hydrogen storage containers meet the hydrogen charging conditions at the same time, hydrogen is charged in the order of high pressure, medium pressure, and low pressure.

[0068] When the high-pressure hydrogen storage container is filled with hydrogen, the third hydrogen filling automatic control valve AOV-103 and the third hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-203 are opened; when the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container is filled with hydrogen, the second hydrogen filling automatic control valve AOV-102 and the second hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-202 are opened; when the low-pressure hydrogen storage container is filled with hydrogen, the first hydrogen filling automatic control valve AOV-101 and the first hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-201 are opened.

[0069] Once any hydrogen storage container in the T-01 hydrogen storage container group reaches the trigger condition, it will begin to be filled with hydrogen. After the hydrogen storage container that has reached the condition is filled, the remaining hydrogen storage containers will be filled to 45MPa in sequence according to priority. The first principle is that once the compressor C-01 starts, all hydrogen storage containers must be filled to 45MPa before entering the internal circulation state or stopping state, so as to avoid affecting the service life of the compressor due to frequent start and stop.

[0070] This automatic hydrogen refilling mode is particularly suitable for situations where hydrogen is supplied via pipeline gas or where a standby long-tube trailer is available for hydrogen supply.

[0071] The manual hydrogen charging mode is as follows: regardless of whether the pressure of the hydrogen storage container reaches the trigger condition, manually press the hydrogen charging start button to start the first compressor C-01, and charge the high-pressure, medium-pressure and low-pressure hydrogen storage containers with hydrogen in sequence until the hydrogen storage pressure of all hydrogen storage containers reaches the upper limit of 45mA before automatically stopping.

[0072] This manual hydrogen refueling mode is suitable for hydrogen refueling stations where long-tube trailers provide hydrogen on a timed basis and the vehicles can leave immediately after unloading.

[0073] In this embodiment, the hydrogen refueling control of the 35MPa on-board hydrogen storage cylinder by the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 includes two methods: hydrogen refueling by the hydrogen storage container group T-01 and direct hydrogen refueling by the first compressor C-01.

[0074] When the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 enters the hydrogen refueling mode, the hydrogen storage container group T-01 first supplies hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01. The priority order of hydrogen supply is low pressure, medium pressure, and high pressure hydrogen storage containers in sequence. Then, the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 refuels the 35MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder.

[0075] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the hydrogen refueling of the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 includes hydrogen refueling of the hydrogen storage container group T-01 and direct hydrogen refueling of the first compressor C-01.

[0076] When the 35MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder needs to be refilled with hydrogen, the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 enters the hydrogen refueling mode. First, the hydrogen storage container group T-01 supplies hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01. The priority order for hydrogen supply is low pressure, medium pressure, and high pressure hydrogen storage containers in sequence.

[0077] Specifically, the hydrogen supply process from the hydrogen storage container group T-01 to the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 is as follows:

[0078] First, it is determined whether the low-pressure hydrogen storage container meets the hydrogen supply conditions. In this embodiment, the pressure difference is set to be greater than 3.5 MPa when the low-pressure hydrogen storage container supplies hydrogen to the first hydrogen dispenser D-01. If the conditions are met, the first hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-201 corresponding to the low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the fourth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve AOV-104 leading to the first hydrogen dispenser D-01 are opened, and hydrogen is supplied from the low-pressure hydrogen storage container to the first hydrogen dispenser D-01.

[0079] Otherwise, switch the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container to supply hydrogen to the first hydrogen dispenser D-01. The pressure difference when the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container supplies hydrogen to the first hydrogen dispenser D-01 should be greater than 3.5 MPa. If the condition is met, the second hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-202 corresponding to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container and the fifth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve AOV-105 leading to the first hydrogen dispenser D-01 will be opened, and hydrogen will be supplied from the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container to the first hydrogen dispenser D-01.

[0080] Otherwise, the high-pressure hydrogen storage container will switch to supply hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01. At this time, the third hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-203 corresponding to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container and the sixth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve AOV-106 leading to the first hydrogen refueling machine will open, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container will supply hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 until the 35MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder is full or the hydrogen refueling flow rate drops to the set value and the machine stops.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the criteria for determining whether the on-board tank is full are: the filling rate (SOC) satisfies: 95% ≤ SOC ≤ 100%, or the hydrogen filling flow rate ≤ 0.3 kg / min.

[0082] The process of the first compressor C-01 directly adding hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling unit D-01 is as follows:

[0083] During the process of supplying hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage container to the first hydrogen dispenser D-01, if the first compressor C-01 simultaneously charges the hydrogen storage container group T-01 with hydrogen, then compare the hydrogen supply flow rate of the first hydrogen dispenser D-01 with the hydrogen discharge flow rate of the hydrogen discharge column O-01:

[0084] If the hydrogen supply flow rate is less than or equal to the hydrogen discharge flow rate, then close the first hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-201, the second hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-202 and the third hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-203 corresponding to each hydrogen storage container in the hydrogen storage container group T-01, and cut off the hydrogen charging of the hydrogen storage container group T-01 by the first compressor C-01.

[0085] At the same time, the third hydrogen charging automatic control valve AOV-103 of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container in the sequential control cabinet S-01 and the sixth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve AOV-106 leading to the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 are kept open, while the remaining automatic control valves in the sequential control cabinet S-01 are closed.

[0086] At this time, the hydrogen gas, which has been pressurized by the first compressor C-01, is directly supplied to the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 to realize direct hydrogen refueling. This direct refueling function can effectively increase the hydrogen refueling flow rate and improve the hydrogen refueling efficiency.

[0087] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the second hydrogen refueling unit D-02 is directly charged with hydrogen after being pressurized by the second compressor C-02.

[0088] When the 70MPa onboard cylinder needs to be refilled with hydrogen, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container group T-01 is used as the gas source to supply hydrogen to the second compressor C-02. After being pressurized to 90MPa by the second compressor C-02, it is directly refilled by the second hydrogen refueling machine D-02.

[0089] When hydrogen storage container group T-01 supplies hydrogen to the second compressor C-02, hydrogen is supplied in sequence according to the priority order of low pressure, medium pressure and high pressure hydrogen storage containers. The fourth hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-204, the fifth hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-205 and the sixth hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-206 corresponding to each hydrogen storage container are opened in sequence according to priority.

[0090] In this embodiment, the minimum pressure at which the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and high-pressure hydrogen storage container supply hydrogen to the second compressor C-02 is set to 21 MPa.

[0091] When the hydrogen supply pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container is ≤21MPa, switch to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container for hydrogen supply and open the fifth automatic control valve AOV-205 corresponding to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container.

[0092] When the hydrogen supply pressure of the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container is ≤21MPa, switch to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container for hydrogen supply, open the sixth automatic hydrogen supply control valve AOV-206 corresponding to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, and use the high-pressure hydrogen storage container as the gas supply source until the 70MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder is filled.

[0093] When the hydrogen supply pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container is ≤21MPa, the second compressor C-02 enters the internal circulation state, and the second hydrogen refueling machine D-02 stops refueling the 70MPa vehicle-mounted bottle.

[0094] At this time, the first compressor C-01 fills the high-pressure hydrogen storage container with hydrogen and opens the third hydrogen filling automatic control valve AOV-103 and the third hydrogen supply automatic control valve AOV-203 corresponding to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container.

[0095] When the high-pressure hydrogen storage container is pressurized to 35MPa, the second compressor C-02 and the second hydrogen dispenser D-02 resume pressurization and hydrogen dispensing.

[0096] When the second hydrogen refueling machine D-02 is refueling the 70MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder using the high-pressure hydrogen storage container as a gas source, while the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 is simultaneously refueling the 35MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder using the high-pressure hydrogen storage container as a gas source or has entered the direct charging refueling phase, the first hydrogen refueling machine D-01 will pause refueling the 35MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder, and priority will be given to ensuring that the second hydrogen refueling machine D-02 fills the 70MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder. After the second hydrogen refueling machine D-02 stops, the second hydrogen refueling machine D-01 will resume refueling the 35MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder.

[0097] In summary, the composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function and its control method of the present invention, based on the original 35MPa hydrogen refueling station equipment, only adds one 90MPa high-pressure compressor and one 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen dispenser. The original 45MPa hydrogen storage container group is used as a common gas source for both the 35MPa hydrogen dispenser and the 90MPa compressor. Through unified adjustment by the sequential control cabinet, the coordinated operation of 35MPa refueling and 70MPa refueling is achieved.

[0098] The 45MPa compressor can not only fill the hydrogen storage container group with hydrogen, but also directly supply hydrogen to the 35MPa hydrogen refueling machine when conditions are met. The 90MPa compressor directly draws gas from the 45MPa hydrogen storage container group, pressurizes it, and directly supplies it to the 70MPa hydrogen refueling machine. There is no need to configure a 90MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage container. This can solve the problems of large equipment investment, large footprint, and high safety risks when upgrading the existing 35MPa hydrogen refueling station to 70MPa refueling capacity.

[0099] The beneficial effects of the composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function and its control method of the present invention are:

[0100] Based on the existing 35MPa hydrogen refueling station, only one 90MPa high-pressure compressor and one 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen refueling machine need to be added to realize the refueling of 70MPa vehicle-mounted cylinders, which lowers the threshold for upgrading from 35MPa to 70MPa refueling capacity and effectively improves the refueling efficiency of the existing 35MPa hydrogen refueling station.

[0101] At the same time, while upgrading the refueling capacity to 70MPa, it can ensure the normal operation of the original 35MPa refueling function, effectively improving the overall hydrogen refueling efficiency and equipment utilization.

[0102] At the same time, there is no need to equip a separate 90MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage container, eliminating the safety risks of 90MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage, reducing overall equipment investment and site occupation, and lowering the construction cost and operation risk of hydrogen refueling stations;

[0103] Through corresponding control logic, the equipment with multiple pressure levels within the station can be orderly regulated and controlled, ensuring that the 45MPa compressor fills the hydrogen storage container with hydrogen and the hydrogen storage container adds hydrogen to the 35MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder; ensuring that the 45MPa compressor directly fills the 35MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder with hydrogen and the 90MPa compressor directly fills the 70MPa vehicle-mounted cylinder with hydrogen, ensuring that each piece of equipment does not interfere with each other and operates efficiently.

[0104] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function, characterized in that, include: Hydrogen is added to the hydrogen storage container group (T-01) through the first compressor (C-01), and hydrogen is added in sequence according to the priority order of high-pressure hydrogen storage container, medium-pressure hydrogen storage container and low-pressure hydrogen storage container. When refueling the vehicle-mounted cylinder of the first pressure level, hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen storage container group (T-01) to the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01), and hydrogen is supplied in sequence according to the priority order of low-pressure hydrogen storage container, medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and high-pressure hydrogen storage container. When the direct charging conditions are met, the first compressor (C-01) pressurizes the fuel and directly supplies it to the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01) for direct charging and hydrogen refueling. When refueling the vehicle-mounted cylinder of the second pressure level, hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen storage container group (T-01) to the second compressor (C-02). After being pressurized to the second preset pressure by the second compressor (C-02), hydrogen is directly supplied to the second hydrogen refueling machine (D-02) for direct refueling. When the second hydrogen dispenser (D-02) is in hydrogen dispensing mode and the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01) is also in hydrogen dispensing mode, the hydrogen dispensing of the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01) is suspended, and the dispensing of the second hydrogen dispenser (D-02) is completed first. The hydrogen dispensing operation of the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01) is resumed after the second hydrogen dispenser (D-02) is shut down.

2. The control method for a composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage container group (T-01) supplies hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01), including: When the pressure difference between the low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01) is greater than the preset pressure difference threshold, the first hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-201) corresponding to the low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the fourth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve (AOV-104) leading to the first hydrogen dispenser are opened, and hydrogen is supplied from the low-pressure hydrogen storage container to the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01). Otherwise, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container will switch to supply hydrogen to the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01). If the pressure difference is greater than the preset pressure difference threshold, the second hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-202) corresponding to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container and the fifth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve (AOV-105) leading to the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01) will open, and hydrogen will be supplied from the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container to the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01). Otherwise, the high-pressure hydrogen storage container will switch to supply hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01). At this time, the third automatic hydrogen supply control valve (AOV-203) corresponding to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container and the sixth automatic hydrogen supply distribution control valve (AOV-106) leading to the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01) will open, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container will supply hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01) until the on-board cylinder of the first pressure level is full or the hydrogen refueling flow rate drops to the set value and then the machine stops.

3. The control method for a composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first compressor (C-01) directly charges and adds hydrogen to the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01), including: During the process of supplying hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage container to the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01), if the first compressor (C-01) simultaneously charges the hydrogen storage container group (T-01) with hydrogen, then compare the hydrogen supply flow rate of the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01) with the hydrogen discharge flow rate of the hydrogen discharge column (O-01): If the hydrogen supply flow rate is less than or equal to the hydrogen discharge flow rate, then close the first hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-201), the second hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-202), and the third hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-203) corresponding to each hydrogen storage container in the hydrogen storage container group (T-01), and cut off the hydrogen charging of the hydrogen storage container group (T-01) by the first compressor (C-01); At the same time, keep the third hydrogen charging automatic control valve (AOV-103) of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container in the sequential control cabinet (S-01) and the sixth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve (AOV-106) leading to the first hydrogen dispenser (D-01) open, and close the other automatic control valves in the sequential control cabinet (S-01). At this time, the hydrogen gas pressurized by the first compressor (C-01) is directly supplied to the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01) to achieve direct hydrogen refueling.

4. The control method for a composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage container assembly (T-01) supplies hydrogen to the second hydrogen refueling unit (D-02), including: Hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen storage container group (T-01) to the second compressor (C-02), and after being pressurized by the second compressor (C-02), it is directly charged to the second hydrogen refueling machine (D-02). When the hydrogen storage container group (T-01) supplies hydrogen to the second compressor (C-02), hydrogen is supplied in sequence according to the priority order of low-pressure hydrogen storage container, medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and high-pressure hydrogen storage container. The fourth hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-204), the fifth hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-205), and the sixth hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-206) corresponding to each hydrogen storage container are opened in sequence according to priority. The minimum pressure at which the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and high-pressure hydrogen storage container supply hydrogen to the second compressor (C-02) is set as the first threshold: When the hydrogen supply pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container is less than or equal to the first threshold, switch to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container for hydrogen supply and open the fifth automatic hydrogen supply control valve (AOV-205) corresponding to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container. When the hydrogen supply pressure of the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container is less than or equal to the first threshold, switch to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container for hydrogen supply, open the sixth automatic hydrogen supply control valve (AOV-206) corresponding to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, and use the high-pressure hydrogen storage container as the gas source until the vehicle-mounted cylinder of the second pressure level is filled. When the hydrogen supply pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container is less than or equal to the first threshold, the second compressor (C-02) enters the internal circulation state, and the second hydrogen dispenser (D-02) stops dispensing hydrogen. At this time, the first compressor (C-01) fills the high-pressure hydrogen storage container with hydrogen and opens the third hydrogen filling automatic control valve (AOV-103) and the third hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-203) corresponding to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container. When the high-pressure hydrogen storage container is pressurized to the second threshold, the second compressor (C-02) and the second hydrogen dispenser (D-02) resume pressurization and hydrogen dispensing.

5. A composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function, characterized in that, The method for implementing the control method as described in any one of claims 1-4 includes: a hydrogen unloading column (O-01), a first compressor (C-01), a hydrogen storage container group (T-01), a first hydrogen dispenser (D-01), a second compressor (C-02), and a second hydrogen dispenser (D-02). The inlet of the first compressor (C-01) is connected to the hydrogen unloading column (O-01) to pressurize the hydrogen to a first preset pressure; The inlet of the hydrogen storage container group (T-01) is connected to the outlet of the first compressor (C-01) for storing pressurized hydrogen. The hydrogen storage container group (T-01) includes at least a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage container. A sequence control cabinet (S-01) is provided on the pipeline between the first compressor (C-01) and the hydrogen storage container group (T-01). The inlet of the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01) is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen storage container group (T-01) and the outlet of the first compressor (C-01) respectively, and is used to refuel the vehicle-mounted cylinder of the first pressure level. The inlet of the second compressor (C-02) is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen storage container group (T-01) to pressurize the hydrogen to a second preset pressure, which is higher than the first preset pressure. The inlet of the second hydrogen refueling machine (D-02) is connected to the outlet of the second compressor (C-02) for direct filling of the vehicle-mounted cylinder of the second pressure level.

6. The composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container is 2:3:

4.

7. The composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outlet of the first compressor (C-01) is connected to the sequential control cabinet (S-01) through the hydrogen supply main pipe. The sequential control cabinet (S-01) is equipped with three hydrogen charging branch pipes, which are respectively connected to the inlets of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container. The three hydrogen charging branch pipes are respectively equipped with a first hydrogen charging automatic control valve (AOV-101), a second hydrogen charging automatic control valve (AOV-102) and a third hydrogen charging automatic control valve (AOV-103) to control the on / off of the corresponding branch.

8. The composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outlets of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container are respectively connected to the inlet of the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01) through the first hydrogen supply branch, the second hydrogen supply branch, and the third hydrogen supply branch. The first hydrogen supply branch, the second hydrogen supply branch, and the third hydrogen supply branch are respectively equipped with a first hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-201), a second hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-202), and a third hydrogen supply automatic control valve (AOV-203) upstream. Downstream of the first hydrogen supply branch, the second hydrogen supply branch, and the third hydrogen supply branch, a fourth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve (AOV-104), a fifth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve (AOV-105), and a sixth hydrogen supply distribution automatic control valve (AOV-106) are respectively installed at the first hydrogen refueling machine (D-01).

9. The composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outlets of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container are also connected to the inlet of the second compressor (C-02) through the fourth hydrogen supply branch, the fifth hydrogen supply branch, and the sixth hydrogen supply branch, respectively. The fourth, fifth, and sixth hydrogen supply branches are respectively equipped with a fourth automatic hydrogen supply control valve (AOV-204), a fifth automatic hydrogen supply control valve (AOV-205), and a sixth automatic hydrogen supply control valve (AOV-206).

10. The composite hydrogen refueling station with direct charging function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The low-pressure hydrogen storage container, medium-pressure hydrogen storage container, and high-pressure hydrogen storage container are respectively equipped with a first pressure transmitter (PT-201), a second pressure transmitter (PT-202), and a third pressure transmitter (PT-203), and each pressure transmitter is connected to the sequence control cabinet (S-01) via signal.

Images