An interactive laser plant light supplement device and control system

Abstract

The application discloses an interactive laser plant light supplementing device and a control system, and belongs to the technical field of plant growth lamps. The device comprises a laser light source module, a heat dissipation plate, an aluminum substrate, a lamp shell and a fan. The laser light source module realizes uniform light supplementing through a collimating lens and a Galileo beam expander, adopts a blue laser diode to excite a red fluorescent powder layer to form a red-blue composite spectrum, and solves the problem of uneven light quality. The heat dissipation plate is made of a high-thermal-conductivity ceramic material, and is combined with the fan to assist heat dissipation, so that the device is stable and reliable in high-power operation. The control system comprises a control unit, a temperature monitoring module, a wireless communication module and a mobile terminal application program, supports remote switching, power adjustment, temperature monitoring and alarm and manual / automatic mode switching. The application improves light supplementing light efficiency and energy efficiency, and reduces manual operation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant growth light technology, and in particular to an interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device and control system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern agricultural technology, facility agriculture and vertical agriculture have gradually become important models of efficient agricultural production. These models have an increasing demand for artificial light sources, as they can provide stable and efficient photosynthetic support for plants without being limited by natural light conditions. However, traditional plant supplemental lighting techniques mainly rely on light sources such as high-pressure sodium lamps, fluorescent lamps, and LEDs. Although these light sources can provide photosynthetically effective radiation, they generally suffer from high energy consumption and low luminous efficiency. For example, the energy conversion efficiency of high-pressure sodium lamps is less than 30%, with most of the electrical energy being wasted as heat. While LED light sources are more efficient, their fixed spectral distribution makes it difficult to dynamically match the light requirements of plants at different growth stages. These limitations severely restrict the improvement of energy efficiency and the ability to precisely control light in modern agricultural production.

[0003] Laser light sources, due to their unique optical properties, offer a new direction for plant supplemental lighting technology. Compared with traditional light sources, lasers have significant advantages such as good monochromaticity, strong directionality, and high energy density. These characteristics make them show great potential in the field of plant supplemental lighting. Specifically, the good monochromaticity of lasers can precisely match the absorption peaks of plant photosynthetic pigments (such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids), thereby maximizing light energy utilization. Their strong directionality allows for precise beam projection, reducing light scattering and waste, and ensuring that plants receive high-density energy. Furthermore, the high energy density of lasers can provide sufficient light energy in a short time to meet the light intensity requirements of plants at different growth stages.

[0004] Based on these unique advantages, the application of laser plant grow lights in facility agriculture, vertical farms, and plant factories is gradually becoming a major research trend. In facility agriculture, laser grow lights can flexibly adjust the spectrum and light intensity according to the growth needs of different crops, improving crop yield and quality. In vertical farms and plant factories, due to limited space and higher requirements for the uniformity and stability of light, the high precision and high efficiency of laser grow lights can better meet their needs, achieving efficient plant growth and year-round production. With the continuous advancement of related technologies and the reduction of costs, laser plant grow lights are expected to play an even more important role in future agricultural production, providing strong support for ensuring global food security and promoting agricultural modernization.

[0005] However, in the process of implementing the inventive technical solution in the embodiments of this application, the inventors of this application discovered that the above-mentioned technology has at least the following technical problems: 1. Most commonly used laser plant grow lights currently employ a mixed layout of red and blue laser diodes (LDs). Due to the spatial separation of red and blue LDs, there is uneven light quality in the overlapping areas of the light spots, and the light uniformity is not high, making it difficult to provide plants with an ideal lighting environment. This uneven lighting condition may affect the uniformity of plant growth and reduce the supplemental lighting effect.

[0006] 2. The high power of laser diodes can easily lead to localized hot spots in the lighting fixtures. Existing laser plant supplemental lighting fixtures mostly rely on passive heat dissipation, lacking real-time temperature feedback and adjustment capabilities. This not only affects the stability and lifespan of the equipment but may also cause heat damage to the plants. Effective heat dissipation management is crucial for ensuring the efficient operation of the supplemental lighting device and extending its lifespan.

[0007] 3. Existing laser plant supplemental lighting generally lacks remote interaction capabilities, only supporting local manual on / off operation. It cannot achieve remote power adjustment and real-time status monitoring, requiring operators to be physically present on-site for control. This results in high manual operation costs and fails to meet the needs of modern intelligent agricultural management. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device and control system.

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide an interactive laser plant lighting device. By using a blue laser diode to excite a red phosphor layer and combining it with a collimating lens and a Galilean beam expander, it solves the technical problems of uneven light quality and poor illumination uniformity caused by the discrete layout of red and blue LDs in the prior art. By using a high thermal conductivity ceramic heat sink in conjunction with a fan for active heat dissipation, it solves the technical problem of poor thermal stability caused by relying on passive heat dissipation in the prior art.

[0010] The present invention also aims to provide an interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device control system, which collects the lamp temperature in real time through a temperature monitoring module and implements closed-loop temperature control adjustment by a control unit, and realizes remote interactive control by combining a wireless communication module and a mobile terminal application, thereby solving the technical problems of lacking real-time temperature feedback and adjustment and lacking remote interactive function in the prior art.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions. An interactive laser plant illumination device, characterized in that it comprises: Laser light source module, used to provide the light source needed for supplemental lighting of plants; Heat sink, used to dissipate heat from the laser source module; Aluminum substrate, used to fix the laser source module; The lamp housing is used to house the heat sink, aluminum substrate, and laser light source module, providing a supporting structure and protection. Fans are used to assist in heat dissipation; The laser light source module is fixed to the aluminum substrate with screws via connecting components. The aluminum substrate is detachably fixed to the heat sink via a sliding groove. The heat sink is fixed inside the lamp housing. The fan is installed on the back of the lamp housing.

[0012] Preferably, the laser source module includes: Blue laser diodes are used to emit blue laser light with wavelengths in the range of 430nm-450nm. A collimating lens is used to convert blue laser light into parallel light and to collimate the light spot in the vertical direction. Beam expander assembly, used to expand the aligned blue laser beam; The red phosphor layer is used to efficiently convert part of the 430–450 nm blue light into red light, which is then mixed in situ with the unconverted blue light to form a uniform red-blue composite spectrum. The housing is used to encapsulate the various components of the laser source module, providing structural support and protection. It not only protects the internal optical components from the influence of the external environment, but also ensures the structural stability of the entire module. Connecting components are used to fix the laser source module onto the aluminum substrate, ensuring the structural stability and reliability of the entire device. The laser light source module consists of 5 units, arranged at equal intervals, and fixed to the aluminum substrate with screws via connecting components.

[0013] Preferably, the collimating lens is a cylindrical lens made of quartz and is placed inside the housing at a distance of 0.5 mm from the emitting surface of the blue laser diode; the beam expander group is a Galilean beam expander, comprising a negative lens and a positive lens, with a beam expansion magnification of 5x. The negative lens has a focal length of -10 mm and a diameter of 6 mm and is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the emitting surface of the blue laser diode, while the positive lens has a focal length of 50 mm and a diameter of 25 mm and is installed at a distance of 50 mm from the emitting surface of the blue laser diode.

[0014] Preferably, the red phosphor layer (12) is made by uniformly mixing an inorganic adhesive with aluminum oxide (Al2O3) as the main component with red phosphor to form an independent thin film, which has excellent high temperature resistance and can effectively prevent the red phosphor from thermally quenching under high-power blue laser excitation; the red phosphor layer (12) is located on the light-emitting side of the beam expander group, and the beam spot area is increased to 25 times the original after beam expansion, and the power density per unit area is reduced, which effectively reduces the risk of thermal quenching; at the same time, the larger area of ​​uniform light spot after beam expansion irradiates the phosphor layer, so that all parts of the phosphor are uniformly excited, effectively avoiding quenching failure caused by local overheating.

[0015] Preferably, the heat sink is made of a high thermal conductivity ceramic material with a thickness of 2-5 mm, exhibiting excellent thermal conductivity and high-temperature resistance. The front of the heat sink has a groove for fixing the aluminum substrate and laser light source module, while the back is provided with heat dissipation fins to further increase the heat dissipation area and improve heat dissipation efficiency. During installation, the heat sink is fixed inside the lamp housing via the groove. Furthermore, five sets of thermistors for a temperature monitoring module are attached to the back of the heat sink. These thermistors can monitor the lamp's temperature in real time and transmit the temperature data to the control unit, thereby enabling real-time monitoring and adjustment of the lamp's temperature.

[0016] Preferably, four fans are installed on the back of the lamp housing, spaced 16cm apart. The main function of these fans is to assist in heat dissipation, ensuring the entire device maintains a suitable temperature during operation. Forced convection cooling by the fans effectively reduces the lamp's temperature, extends the device's lifespan, and avoids potential damage to plants caused by high temperatures.

[0017] The present invention also provides an interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device control system comprising: The control unit is wiredly connected to the temperature monitoring module, wireless communication module, fan, power supply module and laser light source module, and is used to control the laser plant supplementary lighting device; The temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature of the laser plant supplemental lighting device in real time and transmit the temperature data to the control unit; A wireless communication module is used to enable wireless communication between the control unit and the mobile device; The mobile terminal application interacts with the control unit through the wireless communication module, and is used to control and monitor the laser plant supplemental lighting device in real time via the mobile terminal; The power module is used to provide stable power support for the entire system; The control unit is a microcontroller.

[0018] Preferably, the temperature monitoring module includes 5 sets of thermistors, which are arranged at equal intervals on the back of the heat sink near the laser light source module, for real-time detection of the lamp temperature and transmission of temperature data to the control unit.

[0019] Preferably, the wireless communication module is a WiFi wireless communication module, supporting 2.4GHz frequency band communication, and interacting with the mobile terminal application for data exchange. This allows users to remotely control the supplementary lighting device and monitor its status in real time via the mobile terminal application.

[0020] Preferably, the mobile terminal application has remote on / off function, five-level power adjustment function, real-time temperature monitoring and alarm function, and manual / automatic switching function. The five-level power adjustment function has power output levels of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The real-time temperature monitoring function is used to report the real-time temperature of the lamp. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, an alarm will be displayed. The manual / automatic switching function is used to switch the working mode. In manual mode, the operator needs to manually adjust the power level and turn on the fan for cooling. In automatic mode, the control unit collects the temperature data from the temperature monitoring module in real time. When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the power level is automatically reduced and the fan is turned on for cooling. When the temperature is lower than the preset threshold, the control unit automatically turns off the fan, forming a closed-loop feedback control of the temperature.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a control method for an interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device, comprising the following steps: Acquire the real-time temperature data of the lamps collected by the temperature monitoring module (temperature acquisition steps); The temperature data is compared with a preset threshold (temperature judgment step). When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold and is in manual mode, an alarm is sent to the mobile terminal application, and the fan is turned on to cool down after waiting for user instructions (manual control steps). When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold and is in automatic mode, the control unit automatically lowers the power level and starts the fan to cool down; when the temperature is below the preset threshold, the fan is turned off and the current power level is maintained (automatic control steps and recovery steps).

[0022] The technical solution provided in this invention has at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. This invention employs a blue laser diode to excite a red phosphor layer, effectively solving the technical problem of uneven light quality caused by the separate packaging layout of red and blue laser diodes in traditional technologies. Testing shows that the supplementary lighting device using the light source design of this invention achieves an illumination uniformity of over 80% in the test area, an improvement of approximately 20 percentage points compared to the uniformity of the traditional red-blue LD mixed layout. Furthermore, by using an inorganic adhesive with Al2O3 as the main component to uniformly mix the phosphor, thermal quenching failure of the phosphor under high-power blue laser excitation is effectively prevented, improving illumination stability.

[0023] 2. The temperature monitoring module equipped with this invention includes 5 sets of thermistors, with a temperature detection accuracy of ±1℃. It can collect the temperature data inside the supplementary lighting device in real time. Combined with the intelligent cooling system of the fan, it can automatically start the cooling response within 5 seconds after the temperature exceeds the preset threshold (50℃), ensuring the stability and reliability of the device when operating at high power.

[0024] 3. This invention employs a low-cost WiFi communication module and includes a corresponding mobile terminal application. Users can remotely control the supplemental lighting device's on / off state, adjust power levels (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%), and monitor and adjust the temperature in real time via mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets. Furthermore, the system supports both manual and automatic operating modes, facilitating precise user control and solving the problems of traditional laser supplemental lighting devices that only support local switching, lack interactive functionality, and have difficulty matching power adjustments to plant needs.

[0025] 4. By optimizing the light source design and intelligent heat dissipation system, this invention not only improves the uniformity of illumination to over 80%, but also significantly enhances the management efficiency of agricultural production. Users can achieve precise control and real-time monitoring of the supplemental lighting equipment without on-site operation, reducing labor costs and enhancing the level of intelligence in modern agricultural production. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an interactive laser plant lighting device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a side cross-sectional view of an interactive laser plant lighting device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser source module provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a hardware circuit board layout diagram of a control system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a block diagram showing the logical connections of each module in the control system of the interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interface of a mobile terminal application provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 A flowchart of a control method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a performance comparison test diagram of the device of the present invention and a traditional red-blue LD mixed layout fill light provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure label: 1. Laser light source module; 2. Heat sink; 3. Aluminum substrate; 4. Lamp housing; 5. Fan; 11. Blue laser diode; 12. Red phosphor layer; 13. Collimating lens; 14. Housing; 15. Connecting components; 16. Negative lens; 17. Positive lens; 21. Heat dissipation fins; 6. Control unit; 7. Temperature monitoring module; 8. Wireless communication module; 9. Mobile terminal application; 10. Power supply module. Detailed Implementation

[0035] This invention provides an interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device and its control system. Through innovative design of the laser light source module and interactive system, it effectively solves the technical problems commonly found in existing laser plant supplemental lighting technologies, such as uneven light quality, poor illuminance uniformity, and lack of real-time thermal feedback. This invention achieves uniform supplemental lighting, has real-time temperature feedback and adjustment functions, and also supports human-computer interaction, greatly improving the efficiency and convenience of plant supplemental lighting management.

[0036] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0037] Example 1 Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 In one specific embodiment, the interactive laser plant lighting device of the present invention includes a laser light source module 1, a heat sink 2, an aluminum substrate 3, a lamp housing 4, and fans 5. Five laser light source modules 1 are arranged at equal intervals of 20 cm. These modules are fixed to the aluminum substrate 3 with screws via connecting components 15. The aluminum substrate 3 is detachably fixed to the heat sink 2 via a sliding groove, and the heat sink 2 is fixed inside the lamp housing 4 via a sliding groove. Four fans 5 are installed on the back of the lamp housing 4, spaced 16 cm apart.

[0038] The laser light source module 1 consists of the following key components: a blue laser diode 11, a collimating lens 13, a beam expander assembly, a red phosphor layer 12, a housing 14, and a connecting component 15. The blue laser diode 11 is the core component of the light source, fixed in the connecting component 15, and emits blue laser light with a wavelength in the range of 430nm to 450nm. This wavelength of laser light is crucial for plant photosynthesis and can be effectively absorbed by plant photosynthetic pigments. In a specific embodiment, the total power of the blue laser diode 11 is 1.6 W, and the power density of the phosphor layer after beam expansion is approximately 2.5 W / cm². 2 It meets the effective excitation threshold of red phosphor (typically ≥1 W / cm). 2 above).

[0039] Collimating lens 13 is a cylindrical lens made of quartz, installed inside housing 14, 0.5 mm away from the emitting surface of blue laser diode 11. Its main function is to convert the beam emitted by blue laser diode 11 into parallel light and collimate it in the perpendicular direction of the light spot. This process is crucial for ensuring the uniformity and directionality of the beam, and helps to improve the supplementary lighting efficiency.

[0040] The beam expander assembly includes a negative lens 16 and a positive lens 17, with a beam expansion magnification of 5x. The negative lens 16 has a focal length of -10mm and a diameter of 6mm, and is mounted inside the housing 14 at a distance of 10mm from the emitting surface of the blue laser diode 11. The positive lens 17 has a focal length of 50mm and a diameter of 25mm, and is also mounted inside the housing 14 at a distance of 50mm from the emitting surface of the blue laser diode 11. The function of the beam expander assembly is to expand the collimated light spot by 5 times in the horizontal direction. This process not only increases the coverage area of ​​the light spot but also allows the light spots emitted by the five laser light source modules 1 to form a uniform supplementary lighting area after beam expansion, thereby providing more uniform lighting conditions for the plants.

[0041] The red phosphor layer 12 is a thin film formed by uniformly mixing red phosphor with an inorganic adhesive mainly composed of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). It exhibits excellent high-temperature resistance, effectively preventing thermal quenching of the red phosphor under high-power blue laser excitation. The red phosphor layer 12 is located in the optical path after the beam expansion of the beam expander assembly, receiving the expanded blue laser beam and converting it into red light. It then mixes in situ with the unconverted blue light to form a uniform red-blue composite spectrum. This excitation-based spectral synthesis method effectively avoids the uneven beam overlap problem caused by the discrete layout of traditional red and blue laser diodes, significantly improving the spatial uniformity of the light quality. The mass ratio of Al2O3 inorganic adhesive to red phosphor in the red phosphor layer 12 is 1:2; the film thickness is 0.2 mm; the excitation peak wavelength of the red phosphor is 440 nm, and the emission peak wavelength is 660 nm, corresponding to the strongest absorption peak of plant photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a); under 100% power operation conditions, the blue light to red light conversion efficiency of the phosphor layer is about 48%, and the photon ratio of red light to blue light in the final output beam is about 5:1, which meets the optimal light formula for plant growth (the red-blue ratio is usually 4:1 to 8:1).

[0042] The housing 14 is used to encapsulate the various components of the laser source module, providing structural support and protection. It not only protects the internal optical components from external environmental influences but also ensures the structural stability of the entire module.

[0043] The connecting component 15 connects the laser source module 1 and the aluminum substrate 3, and is used to fix the laser source module 1 on the aluminum substrate 3 to ensure the structural stability and reliability of the entire device.

[0044] The heat sink 2 is a key component of the entire device's heat dissipation system. It is made of high thermal conductivity ceramic material, 2-5 mm thick, and possesses excellent thermal conductivity and high-temperature resistance. The front of the heat sink 2 has a groove for fixing the aluminum substrate 3 and the laser light source module 1, while its back is equipped with heat dissipation fins 21. These fins 21 further increase the heat dissipation area and improve heat dissipation efficiency. During installation, the heat sink 2 is fixed inside the lamp housing 4 via the groove. Furthermore, five sets of thermistors from the temperature monitoring module 7 are attached to the back of the heat sink 2. These thermistors can monitor the lamp's temperature in real time and transmit the temperature data to the control unit 6, thereby enabling real-time monitoring and adjustment of the lamp's temperature.

[0045] Four fans (5) are installed on the back of the lamp housing (4), spaced 16cm apart. Their primary function is to assist in heat dissipation, ensuring the entire device maintains a suitable temperature during operation. Forced convection cooling by the fans effectively reduces the lamp's temperature, extends the device's lifespan, and prevents potential damage to plants caused by high temperatures.

[0046] The entire interactive laser plant lighting device achieves efficient and uniform lighting through a carefully designed structure and component layout. The laser source module 1, through the synergistic action of the collimating lens 13 and the beam expander group, can generate a uniform lighting area to meet the light requirements of plants at different growth stages. The combined design of the heat sink 2 and the fan 5 ensures the stability and reliability of the device during high-power operation. Furthermore, the detachable sliding design makes the installation and maintenance of the entire device more convenient.

[0047] The working principle of the entire laser source module 1 is as follows: The blue laser diode 11 emits a blue laser with a wavelength of 430-450nm. After being collimated in the vertical direction by the collimating lens 13, it passes through the Galilean beam expander group composed of the negative lens 16 and the positive lens 17 in sequence, which expands the beam by 5 times in the horizontal direction, thereby increasing the supplementary light coverage area. The expanded blue laser irradiates the red phosphor layer 12, in which part of the blue laser is converted into red light, and the remaining unconverted blue light mixes with the red light in situ to form a uniform red-blue composite spectrum, thereby providing uniform light for plants to meet the needs of photosynthesis.

[0048] Example 2 Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 In one specific embodiment, the interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device control system of the present invention includes a control unit 6, a temperature monitoring module 7, a wireless communication module 8, a mobile terminal application 9, and a power supply module 10.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5The control unit 6, wireless communication module 8, and power supply module 10 are installed inside the lamp housing 4, and the thermistor of the temperature monitoring module 7 is fixed to the back of the heat sink 2 (e.g., Figure 2 (Location shown in number 7).

[0050] The control unit 6 is the core of the entire control system, including a microcontroller, which in a specific embodiment can be an STM32 series microcontroller. It communicates and controls the temperature monitoring module 7, wireless communication module 8, fan 5, power supply module 10, and laser source module 1 via wired connections. The main functions of the control unit 6 include: receiving lamp temperature data collected by the temperature monitoring module 7; controlling the start and stop of the fan 5 via a relay to achieve intelligent heat dissipation; controlling the power output of the laser source module 1 by outputting PWM signals with duty cycles of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, wherein the frequency range of the PWM signals is 10 kHz to 50 kHz, preferably 20 kHz to 30 kHz; controlling the start and stop of the fan 5 by driving the relay module to achieve active heat dissipation regulation; and responding to user commands issued by the mobile terminal application 9 via the wireless communication module 8.

[0051] The temperature monitoring module 7 includes five sets of thermistors, which are evenly spaced on the back of the heat sink 2 near the center line of the laser source module 1. These thermistors can detect the temperature of the lamp in real time and transmit the temperature data to the control unit 6. This function is crucial for real-time temperature feedback and regulation, helping to ensure the device operates within a safe temperature range. The thermistors detect the temperature of the back of the heat sink. Considering the thermal resistance between the heat sink and the laser source module (approximately 10 °C / W), when the temperature of the back of the heat sink reaches 50 °C, the corresponding junction temperature of the laser source module is approximately 66 °C, still within the rated operating temperature range of the laser diode (typically not exceeding 70 °C). Therefore, a temperature of 50 °C on the back of the heat sink is set as the alarm threshold to ensure the safe operation of the laser.

[0052] The wireless communication module 8 can be a WiFi module (such as ESP8266) and connects to the control unit 6 via a serial port. Its operating mode is selected as a hybrid Access Point + Station (AP+STA) mode, serving as a network module for data exchange with the mobile terminal application 9. This module allows users to remotely control the supplementary lighting device and monitor its status in real time via the mobile terminal application 9.

[0053] The mobile application 9 serves as the primary interface for users to interact with the supplemental lighting device. It supports the following functions: remote on / off function, allowing users to remotely control the device's power via mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets; power adjustment function, providing five power levels: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% power output, allowing users to precisely adjust according to the plant's growth stage; temperature monitoring and alarm function, displaying the lamp's temperature in real time, and issuing an alarm when the temperature exceeds a preset threshold; and manual / automatic mode switching function, allowing users to select between manual and automatic modes as needed. In automatic mode, the system automatically adjusts the power or activates the fan for cooling based on the temperature.

[0054] The power module 10 is wired to the control unit 6, laser light source module 1, and fan 5, providing stable power support for the entire system. This module ensures the normal operation of the entire device and provides a reliable energy guarantee for supplemental lighting of plants.

[0055] The control unit 6 transmits the data collected by the temperature monitoring module 7 to the mobile terminal application 9 for display via the wireless communication module 8. When the user selects manual mode, an alarm will sound if the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, and the alarm unit on the mobile terminal application 9 will light up. At this time, the user can click on the alarm unit, and the control unit 6 will control the relay to turn on the fan 5 via an electrical signal, allowing airflow to pass through the heat dissipation fins 21 of the heat sink 2 to remove heat and cool the lamp. When the user adjusts the power level, the control unit 6 will control the power of the laser light source module 1 through pulse width modulation (PWM) switching.

[0056] Example 3 Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6Users can interact with the control system through the mobile terminal application 9. The mobile terminal application 9 supports the following functions: remote on / off function, allowing users to remotely control the supplemental lighting device via mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets; power adjustment function, providing five power levels: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% power output, allowing users to precisely adjust according to the needs of plant growth stages; temperature monitoring and alarm function, displaying the lamp temperature in real time, and issuing an alarm when the temperature exceeds a preset threshold; manual / automatic mode switching function, allowing users to select manual or automatic mode as needed. In automatic mode, the default setting is 100% at the start of the program. When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold of 50℃, the program automatically reduces the power level by one level and delays for 30 seconds; if the temperature still exceeds the threshold after the delay, it continues to reduce the power level by one level; when the temperature falls below the threshold, the current power level remains unchanged, and the fan is turned off. In a specific embodiment, the preset temperature threshold is 50℃; the PWM duty cycles corresponding to the five power adjustment levels are as follows: 20% level corresponds to 20% duty cycle, 40% level corresponds to 40% duty cycle, 60% level corresponds to 60% duty cycle, 80% level corresponds to 80% duty cycle, and 100% level corresponds to 100% duty cycle; the automatic mode delay time is set to 30 seconds. The above parameters can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario.

[0057] The mobile terminal application 9 includes an ESP connection unit, a temperature display and alarm unit, a five-level power adjustment unit, a switch unit, and a mode switching unit. In use, the user connects their mobile device to the WiFi of the wireless communication module 8, and enters the device's IP address and port number in the ESP connection unit to establish a communication connection. After the connection is established, the mobile terminal application 9 interacts with the control unit 6 via the wireless communication module 8. By switching the entered IP address, one mobile device can connect to and control multiple laser plant supplementary lighting devices, reducing manual operation costs.

[0058] User commands generated by the switching unit, mode switching unit, and five-level power adjustment unit are transmitted to the control unit 6 via the wireless communication module 8. The control unit 6 responds to the commands and executes corresponding controls: controlling the laser plant supplement light to turn on and off; switching between manual and automatic modes; and in manual mode, outputting a PWM signal with the corresponding duty cycle according to the user-selected level to adjust the power output of the laser light source module 1.

[0059] The temperature display and alarm unit displays the temperature data uploaded by the temperature monitoring module 7 via the control unit 6 in real time. In manual mode, when the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the mobile terminal application 9 issues an alarm. After user confirmation, the control unit 6 turns on the fan 5 via a relay to cool down the temperature. When the temperature drops below the threshold, the user turns off the fan 5 again. In automatic mode, when the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the control unit 6 automatically turns on the fan 5 and reduces the power of the laser light source module 1 according to the downshift logic. When the temperature is below the threshold, the fan 5 is automatically turned off, forming a closed-loop feedback control of the temperature.

[0060] Application Example: Under the same power conditions, a comparative test was conducted on the illumination uniformity of the device of this invention and a traditional red-blue LD mixed layout supplementary light. The traditional red-blue LD mixed layout supplementary light exhibited an illumination uniformity of approximately 60% in the test area, with obvious overlapping and uneven areas. In contrast, the supplementary light device using the blue laser-excited phosphor layer scheme of this invention achieved an illumination uniformity of over 80%, effectively eliminating the problem of uneven light quality. Regarding heat dissipation, after continuous operation for 2 hours at the same ambient temperature, the lamp plate temperature of the traditional device without a temperature control system rose to 113℃, while the device of this invention, equipped with an intelligent temperature control system, maintained a stable lamp plate temperature below 60℃, significantly improving equipment stability. Applying the interactive laser plant supplementary light device of this invention to the cultivation of leafy vegetables (such as lettuce) in a plant factory, compared to the traditional red-blue LD mixed layout supplementary light, under the same supplementary light time and power conditions, the plant fresh weight using the device of this invention increased by approximately 18%, chlorophyll content increased by approximately 15%, and equipment energy consumption decreased by approximately 22%, verifying the practical effectiveness of this invention in improving supplementary lighting and reducing energy consumption. The above comparative test results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0061] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0062] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from the scope of the invention. The spirit and scope of the invention are as follows: Thus, if these modifications and variations of the invention fall within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A laser-based plant supplemental lighting device, characterized in that, include: The laser light source module (1) is fixed to the aluminum substrate (3) with screws via the connecting component (15) and is used to provide the light source required for supplemental lighting of plants. The laser light source module (1) includes a blue laser diode (11), a collimating lens (13), a beam expander group, a red phosphor layer (12), and a shell (14). The blue laser emitted by the blue laser diode (11) is collimated by the collimating lens (13) and then expanded by the beam expander group. The expanded blue laser irradiates the red phosphor layer (12) to form a red-blue composite spectrum output. The collimating lens (13) is a cylindrical lens made of quartz and is placed inside the housing (14) at a distance of 0.5 mm from the emitting surface of the blue laser diode (11). The beam expander group is a Galilean beam expander, which includes a negative lens (16) and a positive lens (17) with a beam expansion factor of 5. The negative lens (16) has a focal length of -10 mm and a diameter of 6 mm and is installed at a distance of 10 mm from the emitting surface of the blue laser diode (11). The positive lens (17) has a focal length of 50 mm and a diameter of 25 mm and is installed at a distance of 50 mm from the emitting surface of the blue laser diode (11). The red phosphor layer (12) is made by uniformly mixing an inorganic adhesive with aluminum oxide (Al2O3) as the main component with red phosphor to form an independent thin film. It has excellent high temperature resistance and can effectively prevent the red phosphor from thermally quenching under high-power blue laser excitation. The red phosphor layer (12) is located in the optical path after the beam expansion of the beam expander group is completed. It is used to receive the expanded blue laser and convert it into red light, and mix it with the unconverted blue light in situ to form a red-blue composite spectrum. The aluminum substrate (3) is detachably fixed to the heat sink (2) via a sliding groove, and is used to support the laser light source module (1). The heat sink (2) is fixed inside the lamp housing (4) and is used to dissipate heat from the laser light source module (1); The lamp housing (4) is used to accommodate the heat sink (2), the aluminum substrate (3) and the laser light source module (1). A fan (5) is installed on the back of the lamp housing (4) to assist in heat dissipation.

2. The laser plant supplemental lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of laser source modules (1) is 5, arranged at equal intervals, and the laser source module (1) includes: Blue laser diode (11) is used to emit blue laser light with a wavelength in the range of 430nm-450nm; A collimating lens (13) is disposed inside the housing (14) to convert the blue laser into parallel light and collimate the vertical direction of the light spot; A beam expander assembly is disposed on the light-emitting side of the collimating lens (13) and is used to expand the blue laser beam in the horizontal direction after collimation. The red phosphor layer (12) is located in the optical path on the light-emitting side of the beam expander group. It is used to convert part of the blue laser into red light and mix it with the unconverted blue light in situ to form a red-blue composite spectrum. The outer casing (14) is used to enclose the above-mentioned components and provide structural support and protection; A connecting component (15) is disposed on the outside of the housing (14) for fixing the laser light source module (1) on the aluminum substrate (3).

3. The laser plant supplemental lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat sink (2) is made of high thermal conductivity ceramic material with a thickness of 2-5 mm. Its front side is provided with a groove for fixing the aluminum substrate (3) and the laser light source module (1). Its back side is provided with heat sink fins (21) and a temperature monitoring component installation area for supporting the sensing element of the temperature monitoring module (7).

4. An interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device control system, used to control a laser plant supplemental lighting device comprising a laser light source module and a fan, characterized in that, include: The control unit (6) is wiredly connected to the temperature monitoring module (7), the wireless communication module (8), the fan (5), the power supply module (10) and the laser light source module (1) to control the laser plant supplementary lighting device; Temperature monitoring module (7) is used to monitor the temperature of the laser plant supplemental lighting device in real time and transmit the temperature data to the control unit (6). The wireless communication module (8) is used to enable wireless communication between the control unit (6) and the mobile device; The mobile terminal application (9) interacts with the control unit (6) through the wireless communication module (8) and is used to control and monitor the laser plant supplementary lighting device through the mobile terminal; The power module (10) is used to provide stable power support for the entire system; The control unit (6) is a microcontroller.

5. The interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature monitoring module (7) includes 5 sets of thermistors, which are arranged at equal intervals on the back center line of the heat sink (2) near the laser light source module (1) for real-time detection of the lamp temperature and transmission to the control unit (6).

6. The interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wireless communication module (8) is a WiFi wireless communication module that supports 2.4GHz frequency band communication and interacts with the mobile terminal application (9) for data.

7. The control system for the interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mobile terminal application (9) has remote switch function, five-level power adjustment function, real-time temperature monitoring alarm function, and manual / automatic switching function. The five-level power adjustment function has power output levels of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% respectively. The real-time temperature monitoring function is used to report the real-time temperature of the lamp. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, an alarm will be displayed. The manual / automatic switching function is used to switch the working mode. In manual mode, the operator manually adjusts the power level and controls the start and stop of the fan (5). In automatic mode, when the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the control unit (6) automatically lowers the power level by one and turns on the fan (5) to cool down. If the temperature still exceeds the threshold after a delay, it continues to lower the power level by one. When the temperature is lower than the preset threshold, the control unit (6) automatically turns off the fan (5) and maintains the current power level, forming a closed-loop feedback control of the temperature.

8. A control method for an interactive laser plant supplemental lighting device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Temperature acquisition steps: The temperature monitoring module (7) collects the lamp temperature of the laser plant supplementary lighting device in real time and transmits the temperature data to the control unit (6); Temperature determination step: The control unit (6) compares the temperature data with a preset threshold; Manual control steps: When in manual mode and the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the mobile terminal application (9) issues an alarm. After waiting for user instructions, the control unit (6) turns on the fan (5) through the relay to dissipate heat. Automatic control steps: When in automatic mode and the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the control unit (6) automatically lowers the power level of the laser source module (1) and turns on the fan (5) for heat dissipation; if the temperature still exceeds the preset threshold after the delay, the power level is lowered by one level. Recovery steps: When the temperature is lower than the preset threshold, the control unit (6) turns off the fan (5) and keeps the current power level unchanged.

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