Seismic wave take-off point first arrival time correction method, device, equipment, medium and product

Abstract

The application discloses a method, device, equipment, medium and product for correcting first arrival time of take-off point of seismic wave. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring shot point seismic data based on well shot explosive initiation; the shot point seismic data comprises current position information of an initiation point and seismic wave first arrival information of seismic waves of a receiving point associated with the initiation point; determining a wave peak fitting parameter and a wave trough fitting parameter based on a pre-constructed position parameter mapping relationship table according to the current position information; the position parameter mapping relationship table stores a mapping relationship between at least one group of initiation point position information and seismic wave fitting parameters; generating a wave peak quadratic polynomial according to the wave peak fitting parameter, and generating a wave trough quadratic polynomial according to the wave trough fitting parameter; determining offset distances between each receiving point and the initiation point; and updating first arrival times of take-off points of each seismic wave based on the wave peak quadratic polynomial and the wave trough quadratic polynomial according to the offset distances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic exploration data processing technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment, medium and product for correcting the first arrival time of seismic wave initiation point. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of seismic exploration data processing technology, accurate first arrival time acquisition has always been a fundamental and important issue in seismic exploration. However, in areas with complex terrain and significant variations in surface and subsurface geological structures, such as mountainous areas and rural farmland, where controllable seismic sources cannot be located, well-firing operations are necessary, typically using explosive sources as the excitation source.

[0003] However, due to the complexity of seismic signals and noise interference, accurately acquiring the first arrival time of the takeoff point is extremely difficult. In addition, interference signals such as environmental noise and instrument noise are also superimposed on the seismic signal, making it difficult to identify the waveform characteristics at the takeoff point location, or resulting in a large error in the identified first arrival position of the takeoff point. This increases the difficulty of acquiring the first arrival time of the takeoff point, reduces the acquisition accuracy and work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and product for correcting the first arrival time of seismic wave initiation point, in order to improve the accuracy of picking up or correcting the first arrival time of seismic wave initiation point based on well-fired explosives, and to improve the quality of picking up or the efficiency of correcting the first arrival time of initiation point.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for correcting the first arrival time of the seismic wave initiation point is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Acquire seismic data of the shot point based on well-fired explosives; the shot point seismic data includes the current location information of the firing point and the first arrival information of the seismic waves of the receiving point associated with the firing point;

[0007] Based on the current location information, and using a pre-constructed location parameter mapping table, the peak fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters are determined; the location parameter mapping table stores at least one set of mapping relationships between the excitation point location information and the seismic wave fitting parameters.

[0008] Based on the peak fitting parameters, a peak quadratic polynomial is generated, and based on the trough fitting parameters, a trough quadratic polynomial is generated.

[0009] Determine the offset distance between each receiving point and the excitation point;

[0010] Based on the offset distances, and using the peak quadratic polynomial and the trough quadratic polynomial, update the initial arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction device is provided, the device comprising:

[0012] The seismic data acquisition module is used to acquire seismic data of the shot point based on well-fired explosives; the shot point seismic data includes the current location information of the firing point and the first arrival information of the seismic waves of the receiving point associated with the firing point.

[0013] The fitting parameter determination module is used to determine the peak fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters based on the current location information and a pre-constructed location parameter mapping table; the location parameter mapping table stores at least one set of mapping relationships between the excitation point location information and the seismic wave fitting parameters;

[0014] The binomial generation module is used to generate a peak quadratic polynomial based on the peak fitting parameters, and to generate a trough quadratic polynomial based on the trough fitting parameters.

[0015] Offset distance determination module, used to determine the offset distance between each of the receiving points and the excitation point;

[0016] The first arrival time update module is used to update the first arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave based on the offset distance, the peak quadratic polynomial, and the trough quadratic polynomial.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising:

[0018] At least one processor; and

[0019] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0020] The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, which enables the at least one processor to perform the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to execute and implement the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for correcting the initial arrival time of the seismic wave initiation point.

[0023] The technical solution of this invention determines peak fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters based on the current location information and a pre-constructed location parameter mapping table. It then generates a peak quadratic polynomial based on the peak fitting parameters and a trough quadratic polynomial based on the trough fitting parameters. The offset between each receiving point and the excitation point is determined, and the first arrival time of each seismic wave is updated based on the peak and trough quadratic polynomials according to each offset. This technical solution comprehensively considers the fitting relationship between offset and time difference during the correction or acquisition of the first arrival time of the first arrival point. It combines the peak and trough quadratic polynomials to obtain the peak and trough first arrival time differences, and uses these differences to correct or acquire the first arrival time of the first arrival point. This improves the accuracy and efficiency of acquiring or correcting the first arrival time of the first arrival point of seismic waves excited by well-fired explosives.

[0024] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1A This is a flowchart of a method for correcting the initial arrival time of a seismic wave take-off point according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 1B This is a schematic diagram illustrating the initial arrival time of the starting point, the initial arrival location of the trough, and the initial arrival location of the crest of a seismic wave, according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1C This is a schematic diagram of a quadratic polynomial expression for fitting wave peak arrival time difference data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for correcting the initial arrival time of a seismic wave take-off point according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device that implements the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Figure 1A This is a flowchart of a seismic wave initial arrival time correction method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the situation of picking up or correcting the initial arrival time of seismic waves excited by well-shot explosives. This method can be executed by a seismic wave initial arrival time correction device, which can be implemented in hardware and / or software, and can be configured in an electronic device. Figure 1A As shown, the method includes:

[0036] S110. Obtain seismic data of the shot point based on well-fired explosives; the seismic data of the shot point includes the current location information of the firing point and the first arrival information of the seismic waves of the receiving point associated with the firing point.

[0037] S120. Based on the current location information and a pre-built location parameter mapping table, determine the peak fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters; the location parameter mapping table stores at least one set of mapping relationships between the excitation point location information and the seismic wave fitting parameters.

[0038] S130. Generate a peak quadratic polynomial based on the peak fitting parameters, and generate a trough quadratic polynomial based on the trough fitting parameters.

[0039] S140. Determine the offset distance between each receiving point and the excitation point.

[0040] S150. Based on each offset, update the initial arrival time of each seismic wave's starting point using the peak quadratic polynomial and the trough quadratic polynomial.

[0041] The trigger point, also known as the shot point, is the location where the blasting explosive is placed and triggered, i.e., the source or epicenter of the seismic wave. The purpose of triggering the seismic wave through the blasting explosive is to generate seismic waves, which propagate underground and are reflected or refracted back to the surface. The seismic wave signals are then received and recorded by detectors deployed on the surface.

[0042] The receiving point refers to the location of the geophones deployed on the ground. The geophones are typically distributed around the excitation point and usually arranged along the survey line, such as on the left and right sides. There are multiple geophones deployed around the excitation point.

[0043] The take-off point is the first arrival point, which is the first identifiable time point when the seismic wave arrives at the receiving point, also known as the first arrival time. In a minimum-phase wavelet, the waveform starts with negative polarity (downward take-off), and the take-off point corresponds to the time when the waveform begins to deviate from the baseline. The take-off point is the marker of the earliest arrival of the first arrival wave, followed by wave troughs (the first negative maximum) and wave crests (the first positive maximum).

[0044] The shot point seismic data includes the current location information of the excitation point and the first arrival information of the seismic wave at the associated receiver point. The first arrival information may include the first arrival positions of the crest and trough of a minimum-phase wavelet. Specifically, the first arrival position of the crest is the time when the seismic wave reaches its first negative maximum; the first arrival position of the trough is the time when the seismic wave reaches its first positive maximum. It should be noted that the seismic wave described in this embodiment is the first arrival wave corresponding to the receiver point, i.e., the first minimum-phase wave excited from the shot point or excitation point to the receiver or receiver point.

[0045] The location parameter mapping table stores at least one set of mapping relationships between excitation point location information and seismic wave fitting parameters. This location parameter mapping table can be pre-constructed by relevant technical personnel. The seismic wave fitting parameters can include crest fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters. These parameters are required to generate a quadratic polynomial. For example, the quadratic polynomial is y = ax². 2 If the equation is +bx+c, then the seismic wave fitting parameters are a, b, and c.

[0046] By storing pre-constructed fitting parameters for quadratic polynomials corresponding to different excitation point locations, it is possible to quickly obtain parameters and thus rapidly fit quadratic polynomials at the corresponding excitation point locations. The quadratic polynomial describes the relationship between time difference and offset. Here, time difference (y) represents the time difference between the first arrival of the wave crest and the first arrival of the jump point, or the time difference between the first arrival of the wave trough and the first arrival of the jump point. Offset (x) represents the positional distance between the excitation point and the receiver point.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a method for constructing a position parameter mapping table, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step a1: Obtain historical earthquake data based on different historical shot points under historical time periods; the location information of different historical shot points is different; the historical earthquake data includes the first arrival information of historical earthquake waves generated at at least one historical receiver point.

[0049] Step a2: For any historical seismic data obtained from historical shot points, determine the historical peak arrival time difference and historical trough arrival time difference based on the peak arrival location information, trough arrival location information, and take-off point arrival time information in the historical seismic wave arrival information.

[0050] Step a3: Determine the historical offset between the historical firing points and each historical receiving point.

[0051] Step a4: Determine the seismic wave fitting parameters based on the historical offset, the first arrival time difference of the historical peak, and the first arrival time difference of the historical trough corresponding to each historical seismic wave.

[0052] Step a5: Establish the mapping relationship between the excitation point location information and seismic wave fitting parameters corresponding to each historical shot point, and store the mapping relationship corresponding to each historical shot point in the pre-constructed location parameter mapping relationship table.

[0053] For any given historical shot point, there are multiple corresponding historical receiver points. Different historical receiver points receive different historical seismic waves, which can be considered as the smallest phase wavelet that first reaches the historical receiver point.

[0054] The selection process for historical firing points within a historical time period can be determined based on actual needs and combined with practical theories. For example, a certain number of firing points can be selected at intervals according to different areas of the surface for well-fired explosive activation.

[0055] Historical seismic wave first-arrival information can include the first-arrival location of the crest, the first-arrival location of the trough, and the first-arrival time of the take-off point. Specifically, the first-arrival location of the crest is the time when the waveform in the historical seismic wave reaches its first negative maximum, and the first-arrival location of the trough is the time when the waveform in the historical seismic wave reaches its first positive maximum. For example, as... Figure 1B The diagram shows the initial arrival time of the starting point, the initial arrival location of the trough, and the initial arrival location of the crest of a seismic wave.

[0056] For historical seismic data obtained from any historical shot point, the first arrival time difference of the historical wave crest is determined based on the first arrival position of the wave crest and the first arrival time of the take-off point in the first arrival information of the historical seismic waves. The first arrival time difference of the historical wave crest is the time difference Δt between the wave crest and the take-off point. 峰 =t 峰 -t0, where t 峰 Let t0 be the time point corresponding to the initial arrival position of the wave crest, and t0 be the initial arrival time of the take-off point. Based on the initial arrival positions of the wave troughs and the initial arrival times of the take-off points in the historical seismic wave arrival information, the initial arrival time difference of the historical wave troughs is determined. Specifically, the initial arrival time difference of the historical wave troughs is the time difference Δt between the wave trough and the take-off point. 谷 =t 谷 -t0, where t 谷 t0 represents the time point corresponding to the initial arrival position of the trough, and t0 represents the initial arrival time of the takeoff point.

[0057] For any given historical shot point, determine the historical offset between that shot point and each of its corresponding historical receiver points. The historical offset is the horizontal distance between the historical shot point and the historical receiver points. Typically, the offset of the receiver point to the left of the shot point is defined as a negative value, and the offset of the receiver point to the right of the shot point is defined as a positive value.

[0058] In one optional embodiment, seismic wave fitting parameters are determined based on the historical offset, peak arrival time difference, and trough arrival time difference corresponding to each historical seismic wave. This includes: generating a peak quadratic polynomial corresponding to the historical shot point based on the historical offset and peak arrival time difference corresponding to each historical seismic wave; and generating a trough quadratic polynomial corresponding to the historical shot point based on the historical offset and trough arrival time difference corresponding to each historical seismic wave; and using the peak fitting parameters of the peak quadratic polynomial and the trough fitting parameters of the trough quadratic polynomial of the historical shot point as seismic wave fitting parameters.

[0059] Taking the fitting of the first arrival time difference of the wave peak as an example, such as Figure 1CThis diagram illustrates the representation of a quadratic polynomial fitted to the first arrival time difference of a wave crest. A relative positional relationship chart is constructed with historical offsets as the x-axis and historical first arrival time differences of wave crests as the y-axis. The offsets corresponding to receivers to the left of the excitation point are negative, while those corresponding to receivers to the right of the excitation point are positive. The least squares method can be used to fit the historical first arrival time differences of wave crests in the generated relationship chart, obtaining the relationship between the first arrival time difference of wave crests and the offset. The historical first arrival time difference of wave crests is a quadratic function of the offset, yielding the quadratic polynomial of the wave crest at the corresponding historical shot point. The generation method for the quadratic polynomial of the wave trough is similar to that of the wave crest, and will not be elaborated further in this embodiment.

[0060] Specifically, when studying the relationship between the time difference (y) and the offset (x) of two variables, a series of paired data can be obtained ((x1,y1),(x2,y2),...,(x...y1)...). i ,y i ),…,(x n ,y n Plotting these data points on a rectangular coordinate system (x, y), we can determine that these data points are near a binomial function. Therefore, we define this binomial function as y = ax². 2 +bx+c. Where a, b, and c are the fitting parameters of the binomial function. Determining the binomial function requires knowing the values ​​of the fitting parameters a, b, and c. Therefore, the sum of squared residuals can be minimized using the least squares principle. To construct the normal equations and solve for the optimal fitting parameters a, b, and c, matrix operations or numerical optimization libraries can be used.

[0061] The peak fitting parameters of the quadratic polynomial of the peak and the trough fitting parameters of the quadratic polynomial of the trough at each historical shot point are used as seismic wave fitting parameters. A mapping relationship is established between the excitation point location information corresponding to each historical shot point and the seismic wave fitting parameters, and this mapping relationship is stored in a pre-constructed location parameter mapping relationship table. An example of constructing the location parameter mapping relationship table is shown in Table 1 below.

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064] Based on a pre-constructed position parameter mapping table, the peak and trough fitting parameters of the excitation point at its current position can be obtained. The peak fitting parameters can be used to generate a peak quadratic polynomial; similarly, the trough fitting parameters can be used to generate a trough quadratic polynomial. Specifically, this can be achieved by substituting the corresponding peak and / or trough fitting parameters into the initial quadratic polynomial function y = ax. 2In +bx+c, we obtain the corresponding peak quadratic polynomial and trough quadratic polynomial.

[0065] Determine the offset between each receiving point and the excitation point, and based on the offset, pick up or correct the first arrival time of the seismic wave's starting point using the peak quadratic polynomial and the trough quadratic polynomial.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the first arrival time of each seismic wave's origin point is updated based on the peak quadratic polynomial and the trough quadratic polynomial, according to each offset, including:

[0067] Step b11: Based on each offset, determine the first arrival time difference of each seismic wave peak using the peak quadratic polynomial.

[0068] Step b12: Based on each offset, determine the first arrival time difference of each seismic wave at the trough using the trough quadratic polynomial.

[0069] Step b2: Update the first arrival time of each seismic wave's starting point based on the first arrival time difference of each wave crest and / or the first arrival time difference of each wave trough.

[0070] For any seismic wave, substitute the offset x1 of the receiver to which the seismic wave belongs into the crest quadratic polynomial to obtain the first arrival time difference y1 of the seismic wave; and substitute the offset x2 of the receiver to which the seismic wave belongs into the trough quadratic polynomial to obtain the trough first arrival time difference y2 of the seismic wave. Update the first arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave based on the first arrival time differences of each crest and / or trough.

[0071] Optionally, the arrival time of the take-off point of each seismic wave is updated based on the arrival time difference of each peak and / or arrival time difference of each trough, including: obtaining the arrival location information of the peak and the arrival location information of the trough from the arrival information of each seismic wave; determining the first arrival time of each seismic wave based on the arrival time difference of the peak and the arrival location of the peak in the arrival information of the seismic wave; and determining the second arrival time of each seismic wave based on the arrival time difference of the trough and the arrival location of the trough in the arrival information of the seismic wave; and updating the arrival time of the take-off point of each seismic wave based on the first arrival time and / or the second arrival time.

[0072] Specifically, the first arrival time of each seismic wave is determined based on the first arrival time difference of the wave crest and the time point corresponding to the first arrival position of the wave crest in the seismic wave arrival information. For example, if the first arrival time difference of the wave crest is Δt1 and the time point corresponding to the first arrival position of the wave crest is t1, then the first arrival time is t1 - Δt1. The second arrival time is determined in the same way. For example, if the first arrival time difference of the wave trough is Δt2 and the time point corresponding to the first arrival position of the wave crest is t2, then the second arrival time is t2 - Δt2. The first arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave is updated based on the first arrival time and / or the second arrival time.

[0073] Optionally, the initial arrival time of each seismic wave is updated based on the first arrival time and / or the second arrival time, including: updating the initial arrival time of each seismic wave using the first arrival time or the second arrival time; or, determining the time mean between the first arrival time and the second arrival time, and updating the initial arrival time of each seismic wave using the time mean.

[0074] Specifically, continuing the previous example, the first arrival time t1-Δt1 or the second arrival time t2-Δt2 can be used to update the initial arrival time of the seismic wave, or the first arrival time t1-Δt1 or the second arrival time t2-Δt2 can be used as the initial arrival time of the seismic wave.

[0075] To further improve the accuracy of determining the initial arrival time of the seismic wave, the average time between the first initial arrival time t1-Δt1 and the second initial arrival time t2-Δt2 can be used as the initial arrival time of the seismic wave; or, the average time between the first initial arrival time t1-Δt1 and the second initial arrival time t2-Δt2 can be used to update the initial arrival time of the seismic wave.

[0076] The technical solution of this invention determines peak fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters based on the current location information and a pre-constructed location parameter mapping table. It then generates a peak quadratic polynomial based on the peak fitting parameters and a trough quadratic polynomial based on the trough fitting parameters. The offset between each receiving point and the excitation point is determined, and the first arrival time of each seismic wave is updated based on the peak and trough quadratic polynomials according to each offset. This technical solution comprehensively considers the fitting relationship between offset and time difference during the correction or acquisition of the first arrival time of the first arrival point. It combines the peak and trough quadratic polynomials to obtain the peak and trough first arrival time differences, and uses these differences to correct or acquire the first arrival time of the first arrival point. This improves the accuracy and efficiency of acquiring or correcting the first arrival time of the first arrival point of seismic waves excited by well-fired explosives.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for correcting the first arrival time of a seismic wave launch point according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This embodiment provides a preferred example based on the above embodiments.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following specific steps:

[0080] S21. Construct a position parameter mapping table that includes at least one set of mapping relationships between excitation point locations and fitting parameters.

[0081] Specifically, seismic data of the shot point under the firing point of the well-fired explosive at different locations is acquired. This shot point seismic data includes the first arrival information of seismic waves from the receivers associated with that firing point. For any shot point firing data, based on the first arrival location information of the crest, trough, and take-off point in the first arrival information of the seismic waves, the historical first arrival time difference of the crest and the historical first arrival time difference of the trough are determined; and the offset between the shot point and its corresponding receivers is determined. Based on the offset and crest first arrival time difference corresponding to each seismic wave, a quadratic polynomial for the crest of that shot point is fitted; and based on the offset and trough first arrival time difference corresponding to each seismic wave, a quadratic polynomial for the trough of that shot point is fitted. The crest fitting parameters of the crest quadratic polynomial and the trough fitting parameters of the trough quadratic polynomial are used as seismic wave fitting parameters. A mapping relationship between the firing point location and the seismic wave fitting parameters corresponding to each shot point is established, and the mapping relationship for each shot point is stored in a pre-constructed location parameter mapping relationship table.

[0082] S22. Obtain seismic data of the test shot point based on well-shot explosives.

[0083] The seismic data of the shot point to be measured includes the current location information of the excitation point and the first arrival information of the seismic waves of the receiving point associated with the excitation point.

[0084] S23. Based on the current location information and a pre-built location parameter mapping table, determine the peak fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters corresponding to the current location information.

[0085] The location parameter mapping table stores at least one set of mapping relationships between the location of the excitation point and the fitting parameters of the seismic wave.

[0086] S24. Generate a peak quadratic polynomial based on the peak fitting parameters, and generate a trough quadratic polynomial based on the trough fitting parameters.

[0087] S25. Determine the offset distance between each receiving point and the excitation point.

[0088] S26. Based on each offset, determine the first arrival time difference of each seismic wave peak using the peak quadratic polynomial; and based on each offset, determine the first arrival time difference of each seismic wave trough using the trough quadratic polynomial.

[0089] S27. Obtain the first arrival information of wave crests and first arrival information of wave troughs from the first arrival information of each seismic wave.

[0090] S28. Determine the first arrival time of each seismic wave based on the first arrival time difference of the wave crest and the first arrival position of the wave crest in the first arrival information of the seismic wave; and determine the second arrival time of each seismic wave based on the first arrival time difference of the wave trough and the first arrival position of the wave trough in the first arrival information of the seismic wave.

[0091] S29. Determine the average time between the first arrival time and the second arrival time, and use the average time to update the arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave.

[0092] Based on the correction parameters, the first arrival times of wave crests and troughs are corrected to the first arrival times at the starting point, obtaining the final starting point first arrival time used for processing. After correction, the first arrival times of seismic waves, i.e., the starting point first arrival times, can be determined more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of seismic exploration. This allows for the correction of wave crest or trough first arrival times in seismic exploration to the starting point first arrival times, obtaining the final starting point first arrival times used for processing. This can be used to improve the accuracy of subsequent correction calculations or surface modeling.

[0093] Example 3

[0094] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a seismic wave initial arrival time correction device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The seismic wave initial arrival time correction device provided in this embodiment of the present invention is applicable to situations where the initial arrival time of seismic waves excited by well-shot explosives needs to be picked up or corrected. This seismic wave initial arrival time correction device can be implemented in hardware and / or software, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the device specifically includes: a seismic data acquisition module 301, a fitting parameter determination module 302, a binomial generation module 303, an offset determination module 304, and a first arrival time update module 305. Among them,

[0095] The seismic data acquisition module 301 is used to acquire seismic data of the shot point based on well-fired explosives; the shot point seismic data includes the current location information of the firing point and the first arrival information of the seismic waves of the receiving point associated with the firing point.

[0096] The fitting parameter determination module 302 is used to determine the peak fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters based on the current location information and a pre-constructed location parameter mapping table; the location parameter mapping table stores at least one set of mapping relationships between the excitation point location information and the seismic wave fitting parameters;

[0097] The binomial generation module 303 is used to generate a peak quadratic polynomial based on the peak fitting parameters, and to generate a trough quadratic polynomial based on the trough fitting parameters.

[0098] Offset distance determination module 304 is used to determine the offset distance between each of the receiving points and the excitation point;

[0099] The first arrival time update module 305 is used to update the first arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave based on the peak quadratic polynomial and the trough quadratic polynomial, according to the offset distance.

[0100] The technical solution of this invention determines peak fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters based on the current location information and a pre-constructed location parameter mapping table. It then generates a peak quadratic polynomial based on the peak fitting parameters and a trough quadratic polynomial based on the trough fitting parameters. The offset between each receiving point and the excitation point is determined, and the first arrival time of each seismic wave is updated based on the peak and trough quadratic polynomials according to each offset. This technical solution comprehensively considers the fitting relationship between offset and time difference during the correction or acquisition of the first arrival time of the first arrival point. It combines the peak and trough quadratic polynomials to obtain the peak and trough first arrival time differences, and uses these differences to correct or acquire the first arrival time of the first arrival point. This improves the accuracy and efficiency of acquiring or correcting the first arrival time of the first arrival point of seismic waves excited by well-fired explosives.

[0101] Optional, the initial arrival time update module 305 includes:

[0102] A peak arrival time difference determination unit is used to determine the peak arrival time difference of each seismic wave based on the peak quadratic polynomial, according to each of the offset distances; and,

[0103] The first arrival time difference determination unit for the trough is used to determine the first arrival time difference of the trough of each seismic wave based on the trough quadratic polynomial according to each offset distance.

[0104] The first arrival time update unit is used to update the first arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave according to the first arrival time difference of each wave crest and / or the first arrival time difference of each wave trough.

[0105] Optional, initial arrival time update units include:

[0106] The first arrival position acquisition sub-unit is used to acquire the first arrival position information of the wave crest and the first arrival position information of the wave trough from the first arrival information of each of the seismic waves;

[0107] The first arrival time determination subunit is used to determine the first arrival time of each seismic wave based on the first arrival time difference of the wave crest and the first arrival position of the wave crest in the first arrival information of the seismic wave; and,

[0108] The second first arrival time determination subunit is used to determine the second first arrival time of each seismic wave based on the first arrival time difference of the trough and the first arrival position of the trough in the first arrival information of the seismic wave.

[0109] The first arrival time update subunit is used to update the first arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave according to the first first arrival time and / or the second first arrival time.

[0110] Optional, initial arrival time update sub-unit, specifically used for:

[0111] The initial arrival time of each seismic wave is updated using either the first or the second initial arrival time; or,

[0112] The average time between the first arrival time and the second arrival time is determined, and the average time is used to update the arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave.

[0113] Optionally, the device further includes a relational table construction module, specifically including:

[0114] The historical information acquisition unit is used to acquire historical earthquake data obtained from different historical shot points under historical time periods; the location information of the different historical shot points is different; the historical earthquake data includes the first arrival information of historical earthquake waves generated at at least one historical receiving point.

[0115] The historical first arrival time difference determination unit is used to determine the historical first arrival time difference and the historical first arrival time difference for any historical seismic data obtained by excitation at any historical shot point, based on the first arrival location information of the wave crest, the first arrival location information of the wave trough, and the first arrival time information of the take-off point in the historical first arrival information of the historical seismic wave.

[0116] The historical offset determination unit is used to determine the historical offset between historical shot points and each historical receiver point;

[0117] The fitting parameter determination unit is used to determine the fitting parameters of the seismic waves based on the historical offset, the first arrival time difference of the historical peak, and the first arrival time difference of the historical trough corresponding to each of the historical seismic waves.

[0118] The mapping relationship establishment unit is used to establish the mapping relationship between the excitation point location information corresponding to each historical shot point and the seismic wave fitting parameters, and to store the mapping relationship corresponding to each historical shot point in a pre-constructed location parameter mapping relationship table.

[0119] Optional, the fitting parameter determination unit, specifically used for:

[0120] Based on the historical offset and first arrival time difference of each historical seismic wave, a quadratic polynomial for the peak corresponding to that historical shot point is generated by fitting the data; and...

[0121] Based on the historical offset and the first arrival time difference of the historical wave trough for each historical seismic wave, the quadratic polynomial of the wave trough corresponding to the historical shot point is obtained by fitting and generating the trough quadratic polynomial.

[0122] The peak fitting parameters of the quadratic polynomial of the peak and the trough fitting parameters of the quadratic polynomial of the trough at the historical shot point are used as the seismic wave fitting parameters.

[0123] The seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction device provided in the embodiments of the present invention can execute the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method.

[0124] Example 4

[0125] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an electronic device 40 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present invention is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0126] like Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 40 includes at least one processor 41 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 42 or a random access memory (RAM) 43, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 41. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 41 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 42 or loaded into the RAM 43 from storage unit 48. The RAM 43 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 40. The processor 41, ROM 42, and RAM 43 are interconnected via a bus 44. An input / output (I / O) interface 45 is also connected to the bus 44.

[0127] Multiple components in electronic device 40 are connected to I / O interface 45, including: input unit 46, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 47, such as various types of monitors, speakers, etc.; storage unit 48, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 49, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 49 allows electronic device 40 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0128] Processor 41 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 41 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 41 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method.

[0129] In some embodiments, the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method may be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 48. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 40 via ROM 42 and / or communication unit 49. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 43 and executed by processor 41, one or more steps of the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 41 may be configured to perform the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0130] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0131] Computer programs used to implement the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0132] In the context of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0133] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0134] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., application servers), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0135] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through a communication network. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system to address the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0136] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0137] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for correcting the initial arrival time of seismic wave initiation point, characterized in that, include: Acquire seismic data of shot points based on well-fired explosives; The seismic data at the shot point includes the current location information of the firing point and the first arrival information of the seismic waves at the receiver point associated with the firing point. Based on the current location information, and using a pre-constructed location parameter mapping table, the peak fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters are determined; the location parameter mapping table stores at least one set of mapping relationships between the excitation point location information and the seismic wave fitting parameters. Based on the peak fitting parameters, a peak quadratic polynomial is generated, and based on the trough fitting parameters, a trough quadratic polynomial is generated. Determine the offset distance between each receiving point and the excitation point; Based on the offset distances, and using the peak quadratic polynomial and the trough quadratic polynomial, update the initial arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of updating the initial arrival time of each seismic wave's launch point based on the offset distance, using the peak quadratic polynomial and the trough quadratic polynomial, includes: Based on the stated offsets and the stated crest quadratic polynomial, the first arrival time difference of each seismic wave is determined; and, Based on the offset distances and the trough quadratic polynomial, the first arrival time difference of each seismic wave at the trough is determined. The initial arrival time of each seismic wave is updated based on the first arrival time difference of each wave crest and / or the first arrival time difference of each wave trough.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of updating the first arrival time of each seismic wave's origin point based on the first arrival time difference of each wave crest and / or the first arrival time difference of each wave trough includes: The first arrival information of the wave crest and the first arrival information of the wave trough are obtained from the first arrival information of each of the earthquake waves. Based on the first arrival time difference of the wave crest and the first arrival position of the wave crest in the first arrival information of the seismic waves, the first arrival time of each of the seismic waves is determined; and, The second arrival time of each seismic wave is determined based on the first arrival time difference of the trough and the first arrival position of the trough in the first arrival information of the seismic wave. Update the initial arrival time of each seismic wave's starting point based on the first and / or second initial arrival times.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of updating the initial arrival time of each seismic wave's launch point based on the first arrival time and / or the second arrival time includes: The initial arrival time of each seismic wave is updated using either the first or the second initial arrival time; or, The average time between the first arrival time and the second arrival time is determined, and the average time is used to update the arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The location parameter mapping table is constructed as follows: Historical earthquake data obtained from different historical shot points within a historical time period are acquired; the location information of the different historical shot points is different; the historical earthquake data includes the first arrival information of historical earthquake waves from historical receivers associated with the historical shot point; For any historical earthquake data obtained from historical shot points, the first arrival time difference of historical peaks and the first arrival time difference of historical troughs are determined based on the first arrival information of the first arrival of historical earthquake waves, the first arrival information of the first arrival ... Determine the historical offset between historical firing points and each historical receiving point; Based on the historical offset, first arrival time difference of historical peak, and first arrival time difference of historical trough corresponding to each historical seismic wave, the seismic wave fitting parameters are determined. Establish a mapping relationship between the location information of the trigger point corresponding to each historical shot point and the seismic wave fitting parameters, and store the mapping relationship corresponding to each historical shot point in a pre-constructed location parameter mapping relationship table.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of determining seismic wave fitting parameters based on the historical offset, the first arrival time difference of the historical wave crest, and the first arrival time difference of the historical wave trough for each historical seismic wave includes: Based on the historical offset and first arrival time difference of each historical seismic wave, a quadratic polynomial for the peak corresponding to that historical shot point is generated by fitting the data; and... Based on the historical offset and the first arrival time difference of the historical wave trough for each historical seismic wave, the quadratic polynomial of the wave trough corresponding to the historical shot point is obtained by fitting and generating the trough quadratic polynomial. The peak fitting parameters of the quadratic polynomial of the peak and the trough fitting parameters of the quadratic polynomial of the trough at the historical shot point are used as the seismic wave fitting parameters.

7. A device for correcting the initial arrival time of a seismic wave launch point, characterized in that, include: The seismic data acquisition module is used to acquire seismic data from shot points based on well-fired explosives. The seismic data at the shot point includes the current location information of the firing point and the first arrival information of the seismic waves at the receiver point associated with the firing point. The fitting parameter determination module is used to determine the peak fitting parameters and trough fitting parameters based on the current location information and a pre-constructed location parameter mapping table; the location parameter mapping table stores at least one set of mapping relationships between the excitation point location information and the seismic wave fitting parameters; The binomial generation module is used to generate a peak quadratic polynomial based on the peak fitting parameters, and to generate a trough quadratic polynomial based on the trough fitting parameters. Offset distance determination module, used to determine the offset distance between each of the receiving points and the excitation point; The first arrival time update module is used to update the first arrival time of the starting point of each seismic wave based on the offset distance, the peak quadratic polynomial, and the trough quadratic polynomial.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method according to any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that cause a processor to execute the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method according to any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the seismic wave initiation point first arrival time correction method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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