Optical waveguide, display assembly, and display device

Abstract

The application relates to an optical waveguide, a display assembly and a display device. The optical waveguide comprises: a waveguide substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, the first surface comprising a light incoupling region; a cover plate arranged on a side of the first surface of the waveguide substrate away from the second surface; and a bonding glue ring layer bonded between the waveguide substrate and the cover plate. The bonding glue ring layer forms a gap space in a direction parallel to a plane in which the first surface is located. The light incoupling region at least partially overlaps a normal projection of the gap space on the first surface. The cover plate comprises a first opening. The first opening penetrates through the cover plate. The first opening is in communication with the gap space. A normal projection of the first opening on the first surface is located within a range of the light incoupling region. The application can improve optical efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to an optical waveguide, display component and display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of augmented reality technology, AR headsets, AR glasses, and automotive HUDs (head-up displays) are gradually being recognized as next-generation computing and display platforms, and more and more manufacturers are investing heavily in research and development. The key optical components of these display devices are the optical engine that generates the image and the light transmission module that transmits the image to the eyes. The light transmission module is the most critical part, directly affecting the size, image quality, and viewing comfort of these display devices. Currently, the mainstream light transmission module in the industry is represented by optical waveguide devices.

[0003] However, existing optical waveguides suffer from optical efficiency loss. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an optical waveguide, display component, and display device to address the problem of optical efficiency loss in existing optical waveguides.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, an optical waveguide is provided, comprising:

[0006] A waveguide substrate includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, the first surface including an optical coupling region;

[0007] A cover plate is disposed on the side of the first surface of the waveguide substrate away from the second surface;

[0008] An adhesive ring layer is bonded between the waveguide substrate and the cover plate; the adhesive ring layer forms a gap space in a direction parallel to the plane of the first surface, and the optical coupling area at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gap space on the first surface;

[0009] The cover plate includes a first opening that penetrates the cover plate and connects to the gap space. The orthographic projection of the first opening onto the first surface is located within the range of the optical coupling zone.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first surface further includes an optical output region spaced apart from the optical input region, the optical output region at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of the gap space onto the first surface.

[0011] In some embodiments, both the optical coupling entry region and the optical coupling exit region are located within the range of the orthographic projection of the gap space onto the first surface.

[0012] In some embodiments, in the cross-section of the first opening in the first direction, the sidewall of the first opening is stepped or stepped, and the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cover plate further includes a positioning structure disposed adjacent to the first opening, the positioning structure including a positioning groove or a positioning hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first opening onto the first surface is any one of a rectangle, a circle, and an ellipse; or,

[0015] The shape of the orthographic projection of the first opening onto the first surface is the same as the shape of the light spot emitted by the display onto the first surface.

[0016] Secondly, based on the same concept, this application also provides a display component, including the optical waveguide described in any one of the above claims, wherein the display component includes:

[0017] A collimating lens, at least one end of which is close to the waveguide substrate, is disposed within the first opening;

[0018] A display is disposed on the side of the collimating lens away from the waveguide substrate.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first opening includes a first sub-opening portion close to the waveguide substrate and a second sub-opening portion away from the waveguide substrate and connected to the first sub-opening portion;

[0020] In a direction parallel to the first surface, the width of the first sub-aperture is smaller than the width of the second sub-aperture, and the collimating lens is engaged within the first sub-aperture and / or the second sub-aperture at one end near the waveguide substrate.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first opening includes a first sub-opening portion close to the waveguide substrate and a second sub-opening portion away from the waveguide substrate and connected to the first sub-opening portion;

[0022] At least the shape of the second sub-aperture is adapted to the shape of the end of the collimating lens near the waveguide substrate.

[0023] Thirdly, based on the same concept, this application also provides a display device, including: a display for emitting image light; and...

[0024] The optical waveguide described in any one of the above, wherein the optical waveguide is used to receive the image light.

[0025] In this embodiment, the optical waveguide includes a waveguide substrate, a cover plate, and an adhesive ring layer. The waveguide substrate includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The first surface includes an optical coupling entry region. The cover plate is disposed on the side of the first surface of the waveguide substrate away from the second surface. The adhesive ring layer is bonded between the waveguide substrate and the cover plate. The adhesive ring layer forms a gap space in a direction parallel to the plane of the first surface, and the optical coupling entry region at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gap space on the first surface. The cover plate includes a first opening that penetrates the cover plate and communicates with the gap space. The orthographic projection of the first opening on the first surface is located within the area of ​​the optical coupling entry region. When the display emits image light through the first opening, the image light passes sequentially through the first opening, the gap space, and the optical coupling area before entering the interior of the waveguide substrate for transmission. Alternatively, the image light passes sequentially through the collimating lens, the first opening, the gap space, and the optical coupling area before entering the interior of the waveguide substrate for transmission. The first opening eliminates the absorption of image light emitted by the display by the cover plate, and the gap space eliminates the absorption of image light emitted by the display by the optical adhesive layer, thereby increasing the intensity of the image light transmitted into the waveguide substrate and thus improving the optical efficiency of the optical waveguide. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or exemplary embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or exemplary embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first cross-section of an optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second cross-section of an optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a third cross-section of an optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a fourth cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of opening a cover plate according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the optical calibration process of a display component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Reference numerals: Optical waveguide 100; Display assembly 200; Waveguide substrate 10; Adhesive ring layer 20; Cover plate 30; First surface 10a; Second surface 10b; Optical coupler entry area 101; Optical coupler exit area 102; Gap space 21; First opening 31; Collimating lens 40; Display 50; First sub-opening 311; Second sub-opening 312; First direction Y; Positioning structure 32. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0036] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] It should be noted that if a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. If a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0040] Existing technologies for optical waveguides suffer from optical efficiency loss. In existing technologies, the surface of the optical waveguide (or waveguide substrate) requires one or two cover glasses to be bonded together with an optical adhesive layer to protect the grating structure on the waveguide (or waveguide substrate). These cover glasses are typically made of glass, and the single-pass transmittance of uncoated glass is usually 90%-92%. When the outgoing light from the display enters the optical coupling area, the cover glass significantly reduces the optical efficiency (light loss of 8-10%). Simultaneously, the optical adhesive layer also absorbs some light, further reducing the optical efficiency.

[0041] In view of the above problems, this application provides an optical waveguide, a display component and a display device.

[0042] Please see Figures 1 to 6 . Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first cross-section of an optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second cross-section of an optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a third cross-section of an optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a fourth cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of opening a cover plate according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the optical calibration process of a display component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] It should be noted that, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The different cross-sectional shapes of the first opening are illustrated. Figure 2 The first opening can be used Figure 1 Example. Figure 3 The image also shows a monitor 50. Figure 4 The image also shows a collimating lens and a display 50, namely... Figure 3 and Figure 4 This illustrates the display component 200.

[0045] It should be noted that, Figures 1 to 4 In the image, the optical coupler input area 101 and the optical coupler output area 102 are represented by thick black lines.

[0046] Firstly, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this application provides an optical waveguide 100, which includes a waveguide substrate 10, a cover plate 30, and an adhesive ring layer 20. The waveguide substrate 10 includes a first surface 10a and a second surface 10b disposed opposite to each other. The first surface 10a includes an optical coupling entry region 101. The cover plate 30 is disposed on the side of the first surface 10a of the waveguide substrate 10 away from the second surface 10b. The adhesive ring layer 20 is bonded between the waveguide substrate 10 and the cover plate 30. The adhesive ring layer 20 forms a gap space 21 around the first surface 10a in a direction parallel to the plane of the first surface 10a. The optical coupling entry region 101 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gap space 21 on the first surface 10a. The cover plate 30 includes a first opening 31 that penetrates the cover plate 30 and communicates with the gap space 21. The orthographic projection of the first opening 31 on the first surface 10a is located within the area of ​​the optical coupling entry region 101.

[0047] For example, the waveguide substrate 10 may be made of glass, but is not limited to this.

[0048] For example, the adhesive ring layer 20 is bonded between the waveguide substrate 10 and the cover plate 30. The adhesive ring layer 20 can bond adhesive layers, such as optical adhesive layers.

[0049] For example, the adhesive ring layer 20 forms a gap space 21 in a direction parallel to the plane where the first surface 10a is located. For example, the adhesive ring layer 20 is a closed ring structure, and the gap space 21 is formed inside the adhesive ring layer 20. The gap space 21 is a part of the material where the adhesive ring layer 20 is not provided. The gap space 21 is a gap. The gap space 21 can be filled with air, but is not limited to this.

[0050] For example, the optical coupling entry region 101 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gap space 21 on the first surface 10a, that is, the orthographic projection of the gap space 21 on the first surface 10a at least partially overlaps with the optical coupling entry region 101.

[0051] For example, the cover plate 30 may be made of glass or plastic, but is not limited to these.

[0052] For example, the cover plate 30 includes a first opening 31 that penetrates the cover plate 30 and connects to the gap space 21. The orthographic projection of the first opening 31 on the first surface 10a is located within the area of ​​the optical coupling entry region 101. The area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first opening 31 on the first surface 10a is smaller than the area of ​​the optical coupling entry region 101. When the display 50 emits image light through the first opening 31, the image light passes through the first opening 31, the gap space 21, and the optical coupling entry region 101 in sequence before entering the interior of the waveguide substrate 10 for transmission. The first opening 31 eliminates the absorption of image light emitted by the display 50 by the cover plate 30, and the gap space 21 eliminates the absorption of image light emitted by the display 50 by the optical adhesive layer, thereby increasing the intensity of the image light transmitted into the waveguide substrate 10 and improving the optical efficiency of the optical waveguide 100.

[0053] For example, the orthographic projection of the first opening 31 on the first surface 10a is spaced apart from the orthographic projection of the adhesive ring layer 20 on the first surface 10a; the orthographic projection of the first opening 31 on the first surface 10a does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the adhesive ring layer 20 on the first surface 10a.

[0054] In this embodiment, the optical waveguide 100 includes a waveguide substrate 10, a cover plate 30, and an adhesive ring layer 20. The waveguide substrate 10 includes a first surface 10a and a second surface 10b disposed opposite to each other. The first surface 10a includes an optical coupling entry region 101. The cover plate 30 is disposed on the side of the first surface 10a of the waveguide substrate 10 away from the second surface 10b. The adhesive ring layer 20 is bonded between the waveguide substrate 10 and the cover plate 30. The adhesive ring layer 20 forms a gap space 21 around the first surface 10a in a direction parallel to the plane of the first surface 10a. The optical coupling entry region 101 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gap space 21 onto the first surface 10a. The cover plate 30 includes a first opening 31 that penetrates the cover plate 30 and connects to the gap space 21. The orthographic projection of the first opening 31 onto the first surface 10a is located within the area of ​​the optical coupling entry region 101. When the display 50 emits image light through the first opening 31, the image light passes through the first opening 31, the gap space 21, and the optical coupling area 101 in sequence before entering the interior of the waveguide substrate 10 for transmission. Alternatively, the image light passes through the collimating lens 40, the first opening 31, the gap space 21, and the optical coupling area 101 in sequence before entering the interior of the waveguide substrate 10 for transmission. The first opening 31 eliminates the absorption of image light emitted by the display 50 by the cover plate 30, and the gap space 21 eliminates the absorption of image light emitted by the display 50 by the optical adhesive layer. This can increase the intensity of the image light transmitted into the waveguide substrate 10, thereby improving the optical efficiency of the optical waveguide 100.

[0055] In some embodiments, the first surface 10a further includes an optical coupler output region 102 spaced apart from the optical coupler input region 101, the optical coupler output region 102 at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of the gap space 21 on the first surface 10a.

[0056] For example, the optical output region 102 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gap space 21 on the first surface 10a, that is, the orthographic projection of the gap space 21 on the first surface 10a at least partially overlaps with the optical output region 102. This can reduce the absorption of light emitted from the optical output region 102 by the optical adhesive layer, thereby improving optical efficiency.

[0057] For example, the optical input region 101 may include an optical input grating structure, and the optical output region 102 may include an optical output grating structure.

[0058] For example, the light-coupled grating structure can be a diffractive coupling grating, and the light-coupled output grating structure can be a diffractive output grating, but is not limited to this.

[0059] For example, such as Figure 3As shown, when the display 50 emits image light through the first opening 31, the image light sequentially passes through the first opening 31, the gap space 21, and the optical coupling area 101 before entering the interior of the waveguide substrate 10 for transmission; or, as... Figure 4 As shown, the image light passes through the collimating lens 40, the first opening 31, the gap space 21, and the optical coupler entry area 101 in sequence before entering the interior of the waveguide substrate 10 for transmission, and then exits from the optical coupler exit area 102.

[0060] In some implementations, such as Figure 2 As shown, in the cross-section of the first opening 31 in the first direction Y, the sidewall of the first opening 31 is stepped or stepped, and the first direction Y is parallel to the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate 10.

[0061] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first direction Y is parallel to the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate 10.

[0062] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, in the cross-section of the first opening 31 in the first direction Y, the sidewall of the first opening 31 is stepped or stepped, which can provide support and locking for external components such as collimating lenses.

[0063] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cover plate 30 also includes a positioning structure 32 disposed adjacent to the first opening 31, the positioning structure 32 including a positioning groove or a positioning hole.

[0064] For example, the cover plate 30 also includes a positioning structure 32 disposed adjacent to the first opening 31. The positioning structure 32 can be a slotted or through-hole structure with positioning function. For example, the positioning structure 32 can be a V-shaped groove or a cross-shaped groove, which is not limited here.

[0065] For example, when setting up the collimating lens 40 and the display 50, they can be positioned and fixed by the positioning structure 32, or auxiliary optical adjustment can be performed by the positioning structure 32.

[0066] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first opening 31 onto the first surface 10a is any one of a rectangle, a circle, and an ellipse; or, the shape of the orthographic projection of the first opening 31 onto the first surface 10a is the same as the shape of the light spot of the emitted light from the display 50 onto the first surface 10a.

[0067] For example, in some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first opening 31 onto the first surface 10a is any one of a rectangle, a circle, and an ellipse, that is, in the top view of the cover plate 30 away from the surface of the waveguide substrate 10, the first opening 31 can be any one of a rectangle, a circle, and an ellipse.

[0068] For example, in some other embodiments, the shape of the orthographic projection of the first opening 31 onto the first surface 10a is the same as the shape of the light spot emitted by the display 50 onto the first surface 10a. That is, in a top view of the surface of the cover plate 30 away from the waveguide substrate 10, the shape of the first opening 31 can be the same as / matched to the shape of the light spot emitted by the display 50, which can reduce the area of ​​the first opening 31.

[0069] It should be noted that in some implementation methods, such as Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the hole-making process of the cover plate 30, including: pre-processing, hole-forming section, laser processing post-processing, and post-processing. The pre-processing includes: cutting the raw material; ultrasonic coarse cleaning and drying; CNC fine grinding of the outer shape and chamfering of the edges; marking with a Mark positioning mark; and applying a UV protective film to the front and back of the cover plate. The hole-forming process includes: loading and positioning, manual / robotic loading to a vacuum adsorption ceramic fixture, leaving a gap at the bottom of the fixture's opening area to avoid reflected stray light, automatic lifting platform leveling, and CCD scanning of Mark points for coordinate compensation; laser pre-scanning calibration, including: detecting plate height and focal length shift, and real-time dynamic adjustment of z-axis focusing; layered cold ablation hole-forming, thin-layer peeling (removing 0.5µm-2µm of glass thickness in a single pulse, with layer-by-layer circumferential scanning), spiral circumferential cutting from the inside out until complete penetration to form the first opening 31, with continuous coaxial negative pressure suction of vaporized glass dust throughout the process to prevent residue from adhering to the hole wall and optical surface; hole wall finishing and shaping; and initial inspection before unloading. The post-laser processing (cleaning and repair process after laser processing) includes: removing the UV film, high-pressure spraying; plasma surface activation cleaning; dilute HF light etching and polishing; ultrasonic cleaning; and dust-free drying. The final processing includes: final inspection (checking hole diameter, hole position, hole quality, etc.).

[0070] Secondly, such as Figure 4 As shown, based on the same application concept, this application provides a display component 200, which includes any of the above-described optical waveguides 100, and includes a collimating lens 40 and a display 50. The collimating lens 40 is disposed at least at one end near the waveguide substrate 10 within a first opening 31; the display 50 is disposed on the side of the collimating lens 40 away from the waveguide substrate 10.

[0071] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, when the display 50 emits image light through the first opening 31, the image light passes through the collimating lens 40, the first opening 31, the gap space 21, and the optical coupling area 101 in sequence before entering the interior of the waveguide substrate 10 for transmission.

[0072] For example, at least one end of the collimating lens 40 near the waveguide substrate 10 is disposed in the first opening 31, which can engage and fix the collimating lens 40 and reduce the thickness of the display assembly 200 in the first direction.

[0073] In the display assembly 200, the optical waveguide 100 includes a waveguide substrate 10, a cover plate 30, and an adhesive ring layer 20. The waveguide substrate 10 includes a first surface 10a and a second surface 10b disposed opposite to each other. The first surface 10a includes an optical coupling entry region 101. The cover plate 30 is disposed on the side of the first surface 10a of the waveguide substrate 10 away from the second surface 10b. The adhesive ring layer 20 is bonded between the waveguide substrate 10 and the cover plate 30. The adhesive ring layer 20 forms a gap space 21 around the first surface 10a in a direction parallel to the plane of the first surface 10a. The optical coupling entry region 101 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gap space 21 onto the first surface 10a. The cover plate 30 includes a first opening 31 that penetrates the cover plate 30 and communicates with the gap space 21. The orthographic projection of the first opening 31 onto the first surface 10a is located within the area of ​​the optical coupling entry region 101. When the display 50 emits image light through the first opening 31, the image light passes through the first opening 31, the gap space 21, and the optical coupling area 101 in sequence before entering the interior of the waveguide substrate 10 for transmission. Alternatively, the image light passes through the collimating lens 40, the first opening 31, the gap space 21, and the optical coupling area 101 in sequence before entering the interior of the waveguide substrate 10 for transmission. The first opening 31 eliminates the absorption of image light emitted by the display 50 by the cover plate 30, and the gap space 21 eliminates the absorption of image light emitted by the display 50 by the optical adhesive layer. This can increase the intensity of the image light transmitted into the waveguide substrate 10, thereby improving the optical efficiency of the optical waveguide 100.

[0074] In some implementations, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the first opening 31 includes a first sub-opening portion 311 close to the waveguide substrate 10 and a second sub-opening portion 312 away from the waveguide substrate 10 and connected to the first sub-opening portion 311; in a direction parallel to the first surface 10a, the width of the first sub-opening portion 311 is smaller than the width of the second sub-opening portion 312, and one end of the collimating lens 40 close to the waveguide substrate 10 is engaged in the first sub-opening portion 311 and / or the second sub-opening portion 312.

[0075] For example, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in the direction parallel to the first surface 10a, the width of the first sub-opening portion 311 is smaller than the width of the second sub-opening portion 312, so that the sidewall of the first opening 31 is stepped or stepped.

[0076] For example, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in the direction parallel to the first surface 10a, the width of the first sub-opening portion 311 is smaller than the width of the second sub-opening portion 312, so that the first sub-opening portion 311 protrudes toward the center of the first opening 31 relative to the second sub-opening portion 312. The first sub-opening portion 311 can support the collimating lens 40, and the first sub-opening portion 311 and the second sub-opening portion 312 can engage together to fix the collimating lens 40.

[0077] In some implementations, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the first opening 31 includes a first sub-opening portion 311 close to the waveguide substrate 10, and a second sub-opening portion 312 away from the waveguide substrate 10 and connected to the first sub-opening portion 311; at least the shape of the second sub-opening portion 312 is adapted to the shape of the collimating lens 40 near the waveguide substrate 10.

[0078] For example, at least the shape of the second sub-aperture 312 is adapted to the shape of the end of the collimating lens 40 near the waveguide substrate 10. While the second sub-aperture 312 can accommodate the end of the collimating lens 40 near the waveguide substrate 10, the area of ​​the first aperture 31 can be reduced.

[0079] It should be noted that in some implementation methods, such as Figure 6 As shown, this application also provides an optical alignment method for a display component. A first opening 31 is formed in the cover plate 30 or a mechanical locking groove suitable for the collimating lens 40 is provided to complete the fabrication of the optical waveguide 100; the lens barrel of the collimating lens 40 is mechanically locked into the first opening 31; the display 50, collimating lens 40, and optical waveguide 100 are aligned: a product image is projected, a camera acquires an image and performs image (crosshair) analysis, and the relative position / relative rotation angle between the measured image and the standard image is calculated through graphic features; the relative position of the display 50, collimating lens 40, and optical waveguide 100 is adjusted to the optimal value; if the relative position / relative rotation angle is within specifications, the optical alignment is complete; otherwise, the adjustment of the relative position of the display 50, collimating lens 40, and optical waveguide 100 to the optimal value continues; adhesive is applied and cured.

[0080] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the design of the first opening 31 is beneficial to improving coupling efficiency. In some embodiments, through... Figure 6 The integrated active optical alignment shown improves display quality, thereby enhancing the optical performance of the display component 200 / display device. In some embodiments, through... Figure 6 The illustrated active optical alignment improves the assembly efficiency and yield of the display component 200 / display device. In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the collimating lens 40 is directly integrated into the optical coupling region 101 of the waveguide substrate 10, making the entire display device miniaturized and lightweight.

[0081] Thirdly, this application provides a display device, which includes a display 50 and an optical waveguide 100. The display 50 is used to emit image light; the optical waveguide 100 is used to receive image light. The optical waveguide 100 in the display device can be any of the optical waveguides 100 in the above embodiments, and the optical waveguide 100 in the display device can have any one or any combination of the features in the above embodiments.

[0082] For example, the display device can be augmented reality (AR) glasses, in-vehicle HUD displays, aerial holographic displays, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0083] It should be noted that the display 50 is the image source (optical engine). The display 50 can be a microdisplay, which is used to provide display content for the device. The display 50 can be a self-emissive active device, such as a micro-OLED (µOLED) or micro-LED (µLED), or a liquid crystal display (including transmissive Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) and reflective Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS) that require external light source illumination. It can also be a digital micromirror array (DMD, the core of Digital Light Processing (DLP)) and a linear beam scanner (LBS) based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. The type of display 50 is not limited to these.

[0084] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0085] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An optical waveguide, characterized in that, include: A waveguide substrate includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, the first surface including an optical coupling region; A cover plate is disposed on the side of the first surface of the waveguide substrate away from the second surface; An adhesive ring layer is bonded between the waveguide substrate and the cover plate; the adhesive ring layer forms a gap space in a direction parallel to the plane of the first surface, and the optical coupling area at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gap space on the first surface; The cover plate includes a first opening that penetrates the cover plate and connects to the gap space. The orthographic projection of the first opening onto the first surface is located within the range of the optical coupling zone.

2. The optical waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first surface also includes an optical output region spaced apart from the optical input region, the optical output region at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of the gap space on the first surface.

3. The optical waveguide according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the optical coupling entry area and the optical coupling exit area are located within the range of the orthographic projection of the gap space onto the first surface.

4. The optical waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the cross-section of the first opening in the first direction, the sidewall of the first opening is stepped or stepped, and the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate.

5. The optical waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate also includes a positioning structure adjacent to the first opening, the positioning structure including a positioning groove or a positioning hole.

6. The optical waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the first opening onto the first surface is any one of a rectangle, a circle, and an ellipse; or, The shape of the orthographic projection of the first opening onto the first surface is the same as the shape of the light spot emitted by the display onto the first surface.

7. A display component, characterized in that, The display component includes the optical waveguide as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: A collimating lens, at least one end of which is close to the waveguide substrate, is disposed within the first opening; A display is disposed on the side of the collimating lens away from the waveguide substrate.

8. The display component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first opening includes a first sub-opening portion close to the waveguide substrate and a second sub-opening portion away from the waveguide substrate and connected to the first sub-opening portion; In a direction parallel to the first surface, the width of the first sub-aperture is smaller than the width of the second sub-aperture, and the collimating lens is engaged within the first sub-aperture and / or the second sub-aperture at one end near the waveguide substrate.

9. The display component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first opening includes a first sub-opening portion close to the waveguide substrate and a second sub-opening portion away from the waveguide substrate and connected to the first sub-opening portion; At least the shape of the second sub-aperture is adapted to the shape of the end of the collimating lens near the waveguide substrate.

10. A display device, characterized in that, include: Display, the display being used to emit image light; as well as, The optical waveguide according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the optical waveguide is used to receive the image light.

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