Display system, cockpit system, and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a control method and device and a vehicle, relates to the technical field of intelligent vehicles, and the system comprises a first display area and a second display area, the first display area is covered with a first diffusion element, and the second display area is covered with a second diffusion element; a first projection unit is used for emitting first image light to the first display area; wherein the first diffusion element is used for imaging an image corresponding to the first image light on the first display area. Based on the system, the display area of an intelligent cockpit HUD can be extended to the entire windshield, the viewing requirements of users seated at different positions can be met, and there is no interference between display pictures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent vehicle technology, specifically to display systems, cockpit systems, and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] As a cutting-edge direction in the field of in-vehicle intelligent interaction, windshield display technology has demonstrated significant advantages in improving driving safety and human-computer interaction experience. In scenarios where projection head-up display (PHUD) technology is implemented based on the windshield, a parallel polarizing coating needs to be applied to the projection area. This parallel polarizing coating is usually black and opaque to improve display contrast, ensuring that driving information remains clearly readable even in bright sunlight.

[0003] However, in order to reduce the obstruction of the driver's field of vision, the area with the parallel polarizing coating usually only covers a part of the bottom of the windshield and cannot extend to the driver's main field of vision. This means that critical information (such as emergency braking warnings) may be at the edge of the field of vision, and it also limits the amount of information displayed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a display system, cockpit system, and vehicle that can extend the display area of ​​a smart cockpit head-up display (HUD) to the entire windshield, meet the viewing needs of users seated in different positions, and ensure that there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0005] In a first aspect, a display system is provided, comprising: a first display area and a second display area, the first display area being covered by a first diffusion element and the second display area being covered by a second diffusion element; a first projection unit for emitting a first image light toward the first display area; wherein the first diffusion element is used to image an image corresponding to the first image light onto the first display area.

[0006] For example, the first and second diffusion elements described above are a type of holographic optical element (HOE).

[0007] For example, the HOE used as the first and second diffusion elements may include a substrate layer and a holographic recording layer. The substrate layer is usually a transparent thin film material with good optical transparency and mechanical properties, which can support the recording of holograms. The holographic recording layer is located on the substrate layer and records the interference fringes of the object light wave and the reference light wave through the principle of holography to form a grating structure, thereby recording the amplitude and phase information of the light wave and determining the diffraction characteristics of the HOE.

[0008] For example, the HOE may also include a protective layer to protect the holographic recording layer from damage by the external environment. This protective layer may be a transparent organic or inorganic material.

[0009] For example, the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element mentioned above can be two parts of a single diffusion element, but the grating structures of these two parts are different, that is, they have different diffraction characteristics for light.

[0010] For example, the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element mentioned above can also be two independent diffusion elements, and each has a different grating structure, that is, different diffraction characteristics for light.

[0011] For example, the first projection unit described above is a picture generation unit (PGU).

[0012] For example, the first projection unit described above may include an image generating device and a polarizing filter, which is used to convert the polarization state of the light beam initially set by the image generating device into a parallel (P) polarization state.

[0013] For example, the first projection unit described above may include an image generating device and a waveplate, which is used to convert the polarization state of the light beam emitted by the image generating device into a P-polarization state.

[0014] For example, the first display area corresponds to the first eye-box, so that a user within the range of the first eye-box can view the image within the first display area; the second display area corresponds to the second eye-box, so that a user within the range of the second eye-box can view the image within the second display area. The first eye-box and the second eye-box do not overlap.

[0015] For example, the above display system may also include a third display area, which may correspond to a third eye box, to meet the viewing needs of users in multiple locations.

[0016] Based on the above technical solutions, the application of HOE technology in the display system enables the display area of ​​the smart cockpit HUD to be extended to the entire windshield. In addition, through the structural design of dual diffusion elements, a dual-eye box HOE display can be realized, thereby meeting the viewing needs of users seated in the driver's and passenger's seats, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first projection unit is further configured to emit a first image light toward the second display area, and the second diffusion element is configured to image the image corresponding to the first image light onto the second display area.

[0018] Because the grating structures of the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element are different, that is, the diffraction characteristics of light are different, the diffusion element has good angular selectivity. Therefore, even if the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element both receive the first image light from the first projection unit, they will diffract a portion of the first image light they each receive to different directions, so as to achieve simultaneous image display in the first display area and the second display area.

[0019] Based on the above technical solution, through the structural design of dual diffusion elements, the first image light is emitted simultaneously to the two diffusion elements by the first projection unit, which can realize HOE display with dual-eye boxes, thereby meeting the viewing needs of users sitting in the driver's seat and the passenger seat, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a first portion of the first image light is diffracted at a first diffusion element, and a second portion of the first image light is diffracted at a second diffusion element.

[0021] Based on the above technical solution, by dividing the first image light into two parts and projecting these two parts of light onto different diffusion elements, image display based on the first display area and the second display area can be achieved, thereby meeting the viewing needs of users located in the corresponding spatial ranges of the two eye boxes, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a first portion of the first image light is diffracted at a first diffusion element, and a second portion of the first image light passes through the first diffusion element and is diffracted at a second diffusion element.

[0023] For example, the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element described above may be arranged overlappingly.

[0024] Because the grating structures of the first and second diffusion elements are different, meaning their light diffraction characteristics are different, the diffusion elements possess excellent angular selectivity. Therefore, even if both the first and second diffusion elements receive the first image light from the first projection unit, they will diffract portions of the received first image light in different directions, enabling simultaneous image display in both the first and second display areas. The image displayed in the first display area can be seen by the user located in the first eye-box, and the image displayed in the second display area can be seen by the user located in the second eye-box.

[0025] Based on the above technical solution, the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element are overlapped and the first image light is divided into two parts. One part can be responded to by the first diffusion element and diffracted, while the other part cannot be responded to by the first diffusion element (i.e., it passes directly through the first diffusion element), but can be responded to by the second diffusion element and diffracted. This achieves image display based on the first display area and the second display area, thereby meeting the viewing needs of users located in the corresponding spatial ranges of the two eye boxes, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the image corresponding to the first part of the first image light is different from the image corresponding to the second part of the first image light.

[0027] For example, the image corresponding to the first part of the first image light can also be the same as the image corresponding to the second part of the first image light.

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, it is possible to display different image content in two display areas simultaneously, thus meeting the different viewing needs of users in different positions.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the above-mentioned display system further includes: a rotating mechanism connected to the first projection unit, the rotating mechanism being used to control the first projection unit to face the first display area, or to control the first projection unit to face the second display area.

[0030] For example, after the rotating mechanism controls the first projection unit to change from facing the first display area to facing the second display area, the first projection unit can also emit the first image light towards the second display area, and the second diffusion element can image the image corresponding to the first image light onto the second display area.

[0031] For example, after the rotating mechanism controls the first projection unit to change from facing the first display area to facing the second display area, the first projection unit can be changed to emit a second image light towards the second display area, so that the second diffusion element images the image corresponding to the second image light onto the second display area.

[0032] For example, a user can instruct the rotating mechanism via a control terminal to control the orientation of the first projection unit and the emitted first or second image light to meet the viewing needs of the user at the corresponding position.

[0033] For example, the propagation characteristics of the second image light may differ from those of the first image light, wherein the propagation characteristics may include at least one of the wavelength of the light and the propagation path (which affects the incident angle and propagation distance).

[0034] Based on the above technical solution, the display system, by adding a rotating mechanism, enables the first projection unit to flexibly face the first display area or the second display area, meeting the viewing needs of the driver and passenger from different positions.

[0035] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first projection unit includes: a control unit for controlling the first projection unit to alternately face the first display area and the second display area.

[0036] For example, while the first projection unit alternately faces the first display area and the second display area, the first projection unit can continuously emit the first image light. This allows the first display area and the second display area to simultaneously display the same image content.

[0037] Based on the above technical solution, by adding a control unit to the first projection unit, the direction of the emitted image light of the first projection unit can be frequently switched, ensuring that the screen of the first display area and the second display area is displayed smoothly and imperceptibly, which can meet the simultaneous viewing needs of the driver and passenger in different positions.

[0038] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the first projection unit is facing the first display area, the first projection unit emits a first image light; when the first projection unit is facing the second display area, the first projection unit emits a second image light, and the second diffusion element is used to image the image corresponding to the second image light onto the second display area.

[0039] Based on the above technical solution, the different viewing needs of users in different locations can be met simultaneously.

[0040] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the display system further includes: a second projection unit, which is used to emit second image light to a second display area, and the second diffusion element is used to image the image corresponding to the second image light onto the second display area.

[0041] For example, the hardware architecture of the second projection unit can be the same as that of the first projection unit.

[0042] For example, the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element can be arranged in a non-overlapping manner; the first image light emitted by the first projection unit is directly projected onto the first diffusion element and diffracted on the first diffusion element, so that the image corresponding to the first image light is imaged in the first display area; the second image light emitted by the second projection unit is directly projected onto the second diffusion element and diffracted on the second diffusion element, so that the image corresponding to the second image light is imaged in the second display area.

[0043] Based on the above technical solution, by adopting a display system architecture with dual projection units and dual diffusion elements, the display system can achieve HOE display with dual-eye boxes, thereby meeting the viewing needs of users sitting in the driver's seat and the passenger seat, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0044] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the aforementioned second image light passes through the first diffusion element and is diffracted at the second diffusion element.

[0045] For example, the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element are distributed overlappingly on the same plane or two planes; the first image light emitted by the first projection unit is directly projected onto the first diffusion element and diffracted on the first diffusion element, so that the image corresponding to the first image light is imaged on the first display area; while the second diffusion element is disposed overlappingly on the side of the first diffusion element away from the second projection unit, so the second image light emitted by the second projection unit will be projected onto the first diffusion element first. However, the diffraction characteristics of the second image light and the first diffusion element do not match, so the second image light can pass through the first diffusion element, be projected onto the second diffusion element, and diffracted on the second diffusion element, so that the image corresponding to the second image light is imaged on the second display area.

[0046] Based on the above technical solution, by adopting a display system architecture with dual projection units and dual diffusion elements, the display system can achieve HOE display with dual-eye boxes, thereby meeting the viewing needs of users sitting in the driver's seat and the passenger seat, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0047] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the image corresponding to the first image light is different from the image corresponding to the second image light.

[0048] Based on the above technical solution, the different viewing needs of users in different locations can be met simultaneously.

[0049] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first display area and the second display area are located on the first carrier, and the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element are located on the surface of the first carrier; or, when the first carrier is made of a transparent material, the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element are located inside the first carrier, or the first diffusion element is located on the surface of the first carrier and the second diffusion element is located inside the first carrier, or the first diffusion element is located inside the first carrier and the second diffusion element is located on the surface of the first carrier.

[0050] Based on the above technical solution, the first and second diffusion elements used in the display system can be deployed in various positions on the first carrier, which has a high degree of flexibility.

[0051] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the aforementioned first carrier is the windshield of a vehicle, a terminal display screen, or a panoramic sunroof.

[0052] Based on the above technical solutions, the first carrier has multiple hardware forms, which makes the deployment scheme of the display system more flexible and can be adapted to different application scenarios.

[0053] Secondly, a cockpit system is provided, including the display system in any possible implementation of the display system design of the first aspect described above.

[0054] For example, taking the windshield as the first carrier, the first diffusion element can be disposed on the left half of the windshield to form the first display area. The first eye box corresponding to the first display area covers the driver's seat. The second diffusion element can be disposed on the right half of the windshield to form the second display area. The second eye box corresponding to the second display area covers the passenger seat. The first eye box and the second eye box do not overlap, that is, the image display of the first display area and the second display area does not interfere with each other.

[0055] For example, the first projection unit and / or the second projection unit described above may be disposed on the cockpit ceiling to emit corresponding image light to the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element, so that the user sitting in the driver's seat can see the image presented in the first display area, and the user sitting in the passenger seat can see the image presented in the second display area.

[0056] Thirdly, a vehicle is provided, comprising a cockpit system as in any possible implementation of the cockpit system design of the second aspect above, or a display system as in any possible implementation of the display system design of the first aspect above. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a functional block diagram of the vehicle 100 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle cabin scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a display system 300 proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The graph shown represents the relationship between the incident angle, reflectivity, and contrast of the display system 300.

[0066] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a cockpit system 1100 proposed in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0068] It should be noted that, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0069] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more, and "at least one" and "one or more" refer to one, two, or more than two. The singular expressions "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more," unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise.

[0070] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0071] In this application, "for indication" can be understood as "enabling," which can include direct and indirect enabling. When describing information as enabling A, it can include whether the information directly or indirectly enables A, but does not necessarily mean that the information carries A. The information enabled by the information is called the information to be enabled. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to enable the information to be enabled, such as, but not limited to, directly enabling the information to be enabled, such as the information to be enabled itself or its index. It can also indirectly enable the information to be enabled by enabling other information, where there is a correlation between the other information and the information to be enabled. It can also enable only a part of the information to be enabled, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed. For example, enabling specific information can be achieved by using a pre-agreed (e.g., protocol-defined) arrangement order of various information, thereby reducing enabling overhead to some extent. At the same time, common parts of various information can be identified and enabled uniformly to reduce the enabling overhead caused by individually enabling the same information.

[0072] In this application, "pre-configuration" may include pre-defined terms, such as protocol definitions. These "pre-defined terms" can be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other means of indicating relevant information in the device (e.g., including various network elements). This application does not limit the specific implementation method.

[0073] The term "storage" or "preservation" in this application can refer to storage in one or more memory devices. These memory devices can be separately configured or integrated into an encoder, decoder, processor, or communication device. Alternatively, some memory devices can be separately configured, while others can be integrated into the decoder, processor, or communication device. The type of memory can be any form of storage medium, and this is not limited.

[0074] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0075] Figure 1 This is a functional block diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle 100 may include a screen 130 and a computing platform 150. The screen 130 in the cabin is mainly divided into two categories: the first is an in-vehicle display screen; the second is a projection display screen, such as a head-up display (HUD). An in-vehicle display screen is a physical display screen and an important component of the in-vehicle infotainment system. Multiple displays can be installed in the cabin, such as a digital instrument cluster display, a central control screen, a display screen in front of the front passenger (also known as the front-seat passenger), a display screen in front of the left rear passenger, and a display screen in front of the right rear passenger; even the vehicle windows can be used as displays. A head-up display, also known as a head-up display system, is mainly used to display driving information such as speed and navigation on a display device in front of the driver (such as the windshield). This reduces the driver's eye-shifting time, avoids pupil changes caused by eye-shifting, and improves driving safety and comfort. HUDs include, for example, combiner-HUD (C-HUD) systems, windshield-HUD (W-HUD) systems, and augmented reality HUD (AR-HUD) systems.

[0076] Some or all of the functions of vehicle 100 can be controlled by computing platform 150. Computing platform 150 may include processors 151 to 15n. A processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a type of microprocessor), or digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. These logical relationships are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor may be a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). In reconfigurable hardware circuits, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the relevant functions. Furthermore, the processor can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), tensor processing unit (TPU), deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc. In addition, the computing platform 150 may also include a memory for storing instructions. Some or all of the processors 151 to 15n can call the instructions in the memory to implement the corresponding functions.

[0077] Optionally, the structure of the vehicle 100 described above is merely illustrative. In actual applications, various components of the vehicle 100 may be added or removed as needed.

[0078] The vehicles involved in this application can include road vehicles, water vehicles, air vehicles, industrial equipment, agricultural equipment, or entertainment equipment. For example, vehicles can include driverless vehicles. The term "vehicle" is used broadly and can refer to various types of vehicles, such as transportation vehicles (e.g., commercial vehicles, passenger cars, motorcycles, flying cars, trains), industrial vehicles (e.g., forklifts, trailers, tractors), engineering vehicles (e.g., excavators, bulldozers, cranes), agricultural equipment (e.g., lawnmowers, harvesters), amusement equipment, and toy vehicles. This application does not specifically limit the type of vehicle. For ease of description, this application uses an autonomous vehicle as an example for detailed explanation.

[0079] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle cabin scenario provided in an embodiment of this application. The intelligent cabin is equipped with one or more in-vehicle displays (or in-vehicle screens), including but not limited to display screen 201 (or central control screen), display screen 202 (or passenger entertainment screen), display screen 203 (or driver's headrest rear screen), display screen 204 (or passenger headrest rear screen), display screen 205 (or second-row entertainment screen) mounted on the cabin ceiling, door panel screen 206 mounted on the rear seats, armrest screen 207 mounted on the rear seats, and instrument panel screen. Further, displays 201 to 207 can display a graphical user interface (GUI), which may include icons for one or more applications, and / or one or more cards. For example, Figure 1 The screen 130 shown can be one or more of displays 201 to 207. In some possible implementations, display 201 can also be a long, continuous screen extending into the passenger area. Additionally, display 205 can be a projection screen associated with a projector, which can be associated with a desktop launcher to manage applications projected onto the projection screen. Alternatively, display 205 can also be a rollable screen.

[0080] Figure 2 The cockpit can also be equipped with one or more cameras to capture images inside or outside the cockpit, such as cameras from a driver monitor system (DMS), a cabin monitor system (CMS), and a dashcam. These cameras can be the same or different cameras. In addition, one or more pressure sensors and acoustic sensors are installed in the cockpit to monitor the presence and location of users.

[0081] It should be understood that the following embodiments are based on Figure 2The embodiments shown are illustrated using a 5-seat vehicle as an example, but the present application is not limited to this. For example, for a 7-seat sport / suburban utility vehicle (SUV), the cabin may include a central control screen, a passenger entertainment screen, a screen behind the driver's headrest, a screen behind the passenger's headrest, entertainment screens in the left-hand area of ​​the third row, and entertainment screens in the right-hand area of ​​the third row. As another example, for a bus, the cabin may include front and rear entertainment screens; or, the cabin may include a display screen in the driver's area and an entertainment screen in the passenger area. Furthermore, the following embodiments use a left-hand drive vehicle (i.e., the driver is on the left side of the vehicle) as an example; in actual implementation, the vehicle may also be a right-hand drive vehicle (i.e., the driver is on the right side of the vehicle).

[0082] In recent years, windshield display technology, as a cutting-edge direction in the field of in-vehicle intelligent interaction, has demonstrated significant advantages in improving driving safety and human-computer interaction experience. Among them, PHUD, through the combination of optical reflection principle and polarizing coating, projects driving information directly onto a specific area of ​​the windshield, forming a floating display effect, providing drivers with a more intuitive and convenient way to obtain driving information.

[0083] The core of PHUD technology lies in the synergistic effect of optical reflection principles and polarizing coatings. The polarizing coating possesses unique optical properties, allowing only polarized light at a specific angle to pass through. This characteristic enables the projected light to maintain high brightness while effectively reducing interference from external reflected light, thereby improving display clarity and contrast. Combined with freeform mirrors, PHUD can precisely control the projection angle, ensuring that light propagates along a predetermined path, reducing image blurring caused by light scattering, and further enhancing display stability and reliability.

[0084] However, in scenarios where PHUD technology is implemented based on the windshield, the projection area needs to have a black absorption layer. This black absorption layer is covered by a parallel polarizing coating (opaque) to improve display contrast, ensuring that driving information remains clearly readable even in bright sunlight. However, to minimize obstruction of the driver's field of vision, the projection area (i.e., the area with the parallel polarizing coating) can only cover a portion of the bottom of the windshield, not extending into the driver's main field of vision. This limitation means that critical information (such as emergency braking warnings) may be located at the edge of the driver's field of vision, increasing the difficulty and time cost for the driver to obtain information. Furthermore, due to the limitation of the projection area, the amount of information displayed is also constrained, failing to fully meet the driver's information needs in complex driving scenarios.

[0085] In response, this application proposes to implement the HUD function of a smart cockpit using HOE technology. This technology features high diffraction efficiency, angle selectivity, and wavelength selectivity, achieving a floating display effect without relying on a black absorption layer area, and can extend the display area of ​​the smart cockpit HUD to the entire windshield.

[0086] Because the imaging characteristics and optical path design of HOE projection devices are fixed, their projection angle, brightness distribution, and viewable area are typically optimized for specific viewing positions. Taking a smart cockpit HUD as an example, a single HOE projection device can only meet the viewing needs of one person (usually the driver), and cannot simultaneously or sequentially meet the viewing needs of multiple people. This is because for a display area in a specific direction, a diffusion element needs to be placed at a corresponding position on the windshield, and the diffraction characteristics of the diffusion element are fixed, making the position of the HUD also fixed. To ensure high brightness display of the HUD, the divergence angle of the image light emitted by the HOE projection device is small (i.e., the light distribution is concentrated). This also means that a clear and bright HUD image can only be viewed within a limited space. For example, if the HOE projection is designed to meet the viewing needs of the driver, then the passenger will not be able to see a clear and bright HUD image.

[0087] In view of this, embodiments of this application propose a display system, a cockpit system, and a vehicle that can extend the display area of ​​the smart cockpit HUD to the entire windshield while meeting the viewing needs of users seated in different positions, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0088] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a display system 300 proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0089] For example, the display system 300 can be applied to smart cockpits to realize the HUD function of smart cockpits; in addition, the display system 300 can also be applied to other scenarios that require HUD function, such as smart home scenarios, medical scenarios, educational scenarios and industrial control scenarios.

[0090] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the display system 300 includes:

[0091] A first display area 311 and a second display area 312, wherein the first display area 311 is covered by a first diffusion element 313 and the second display area 312 is covered by a second diffusion element 314;

[0092] A first projection unit 320 is used to emit a first image light into a first display area 311;

[0093] The first diffusion element 313 is used to image the image corresponding to the first image light onto the first display area 311.

[0094] In some possible embodiments, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 described above can also be referred to as a diffusion element, and further, it can be a HOE (Homogeneous Earth Image). The HOE can include a substrate layer and a holographic recording layer. The substrate layer is usually a transparent thin film material, such as a photopolymer film or a polyimide film. These materials have good optical transparency and mechanical properties, which can support the recording of holograms. The holographic recording layer is located on the substrate layer. The holographic recording layer can be prepared using materials such as aromatic acrylates or pyrrolidone. The holographic recording layer records the interference fringes of the object light wave and the reference light wave through the principle of holography, forming a grating structure, thereby recording the amplitude and phase information of the light wave and determining the diffraction characteristics of the HOE. In addition, the HOE can also include a protective layer to protect the holographic recording layer from damage by the external environment. This protective layer can be a transparent organic or inorganic material with properties such as scratch resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0095] In some possible embodiments, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 can be fabricated as an integrated element for forming the first display area 311 and the second display area 312.

[0096] In some possible embodiments, the first display area 311 and the second display area 312 described above may be located on the first carrier 310, so that the first carrier 310 is used as a display screen for images.

[0097] Because HOEs possess high diffraction efficiency, they ensure that most incident light is effectively used for imaging, thus producing sufficiently bright reconstructed images even in strong light environments. Simultaneously, HOEs exhibit angle and wavelength selectivity, selectively enhancing the brightness of the target image while suppressing stray light from other directions, significantly improving image contrast and clarity. Furthermore, taking the windshield of the smart cockpit as an example, the transparency of HOEs means they do not significantly obstruct the windshield's light transmission. By precisely designing the hologram structure, the distribution of the light field can be further controlled, allowing the reconstructed image to be concentrated in a specific area, reducing light scattering and waste. Since HOEs operate based on the principle of light diffraction, unlike traditional display technologies that rely on the intensity contrast of reflected or transmitted light to display information, even in strong ambient light environments, HOEs can still produce clear images through their unique diffraction characteristics, effectively resisting ambient light interference. Therefore, the HUD function based on HOE does not require covering the windshield with a black absorption layer area, thus avoiding the problem of the black absorption layer area obstructing the driver's vision. This allows the imaging position of the display system 300 proposed in this application embodiment to extend to the entire windshield, rather than being limited to the edge area of ​​the windshield.

[0098] In some possible embodiments, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 described above can also be imaging films based on photonic crystals. Photonic crystals have periodically arranged dielectric structures, preventing light of certain frequencies from propagating within them, thus forming photonic band gaps. This also enables the division of the first display area 311 and the second display area 312, ensuring clear image display even under strong light. Furthermore, the transparency of the photonic crystal transparent screen can exceed 85%. In smart cockpit scenarios, this characteristic ensures that the driver can clearly see the actual road scenery while viewing the HUD display information, meeting the safety requirements of the windshield and allowing the display area to extend to the entire windshield.

[0099] In some possible embodiments, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 may be two parts of a single diffusion element, but the grating structures of these two parts are different, that is, they have different diffraction characteristics for light.

[0100] In some possible embodiments, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 may also be two independent diffusion elements, each with a different grating structure, that is, different diffraction characteristics for light.

[0101] In some possible embodiments, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 described above can be a thin film structure, such as a photosensitive film (also known as a photosensitive film material) or an imaging film.

[0102] In some possible embodiments, the first projection unit 320 described above is a PGU.

[0103] In some possible embodiments, the PGU can be implemented based on thin-film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) projection technology; it can also be implemented based on digital light processing (DLP) projection technology; it can also be implemented based on liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) projection technology; or it can be implemented based on laser beam scanning (LBS) projection technology.

[0104] In some possible embodiments, the first projection unit 320 may include an image generating device and a polarization filter, which is used to convert the polarization state of the light beam initially set by the image generating device into a P-polarization state.

[0105] In some possible embodiments, the first projection unit 320 described above may include an image generating device and a waveplate, which is used to convert the polarization state of the light beam emitted by the image generating device into a P-polarization state.

[0106] In addition, the first projection unit 320 is also used to emit a first image light to the second display area 312, and the second diffusion element 314 is used to image the image corresponding to the first image light onto the second display area 312.

[0107] Since the image corresponding to the first image light can be imaged in the first display area 311 and the second display area 312 respectively, the images imaged in these two areas are real images.

[0108] In some possible embodiments, in a smart cockpit scenario, the first display area corresponds to a first eye-box 301, and the space represented by the first eye-box 301 can correspond to the driver's seat, so that the user sitting in the driver's seat can view the image within the first display area; the second display area corresponds to a second eye-box 302, and the space represented by the second eye-box 302 can correspond to the passenger seat, so that the user sitting in the passenger seat can view the image within the second display area. The first eye-box 301 and the second eye-box 302 do not overlap.

[0109] Based on the above technical solutions, the application of HOE technology in the display system enables the display area of ​​the smart cockpit HUD to be extended to the entire windshield. In addition, through the structural design of dual diffusion elements, a dual-eye box HOE display can be realized, thereby meeting the viewing needs of users seated in the driver's and passenger's seats, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0110] In some possible embodiments, the first carrier 310 can also be the vehicle's panoramic sunroof. In this case, the display system 300 can also enable users seated in the two rear seats to view images within the corresponding display areas. Therefore, the location of the first projection unit 301 is not limited to the driver's seat, and the location of the second projection unit 302 is not limited to the passenger seat. To meet the viewing needs of both front and rear users, the first projection unit 320 can adopt different projection strategies, such as projecting onto the windshield or the panoramic sunroof.

[0111] In some possible embodiments, the display system 300 described above may further include a third display area, which may correspond to a third eye box to meet the viewing needs of users in multiple positions. For ease of description, the embodiments of this application mainly focus on the case of dual display areas; for the case of multiple display areas, the technical principles used are the same as those for dual display areas.

[0112] Assuming the display area of ​​the display system 300 is located on the first carrier 310, and the first carrier 310 is the windshield of a vehicle, then the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are distributed parallel to each other on the windshield, for reference... Figure 3 As shown, the first diffusion element 313 can cover the left half of the windshield, and the second diffusion element 314 can cover the right half of the windshield. Based on this system architecture, in order to enable the first image light to be projected onto the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 so that the diffusion elements with different light diffraction characteristics diffract the first image light in different directions to form two eye boxes, it is necessary to improve the form of the first image light.

[0113] refer to Figure 3As shown, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are arranged side by side on the first carrier 310 without overlapping each other. Accordingly, the first image light can be divided into two parts, wherein the first part can be projected onto the first diffusion element 313 and the second part can be projected onto the second diffusion element 314, so that the first part of the first image light is diffracted on the first diffusion element 313 and the second part of the first image light is diffracted on the second diffusion element 314, thereby realizing that the image corresponding to the first part can be imaged on the first display area 311 and the image corresponding to the second part can be imaged on the second display area.

[0114] The diffraction of the first portion of the first image light at the first diffusion element 313 can include the following: the first diffusion element 313 diffuses the image light and projects the diffused image light into the human eye, wherein the projection of the image light into the human eye includes reflecting the image light into the human eye or directly projecting it into the human eye. Similarly, the diffraction of the second portion of the first image light at the second diffusion element 314 can also include the above-described form.

[0115] Since the grating structures of the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are different, that is, the diffraction characteristics of light are different, the diffusion elements have good angular selectivity. Therefore, even if the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 receive the first image light from the first projection unit 320, they will diffract a portion of the first image light they receive to different directions, so as to achieve simultaneous image display in the first display area 311 and the second display area 312.

[0116] In some possible embodiments, the image corresponding to the first portion of the first image light may be the same as the image corresponding to the second portion of the first image light.

[0117] Based on the above technical solution, by dividing the first image light into two parts and projecting these two parts of light onto different diffusion elements, image display based on the first display area and the second display area can be achieved, thereby meeting the viewing needs of users located in the corresponding spatial ranges of the two eye boxes, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0118] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0119] refer to Figure 4As shown, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 can be disposed overlappingly on the first carrier 310. For example, the first diffusion element 313 can be disposed on the surface of the first carrier 310, and the second diffusion element 314 can be disposed inside the first carrier 310; or, the first diffusion element 313 can be disposed on the front surface of the first carrier 310, and the second diffusion element 314 can be disposed on the rear surface of the first carrier 310; or, both the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 can be disposed inside the first carrier 310, but their depths in the vertical direction within the first carrier 310 are different, etc. That is, the overlap mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to the fact that the vertical projections of two overlapping objects overlap, and there can be a gap between the two objects, but there is no need for them to be in contact.

[0120] like Figure 4 As shown, the first diffusion element 313 is closer to the first projection unit 320 than the second diffusion element 314. Accordingly, the first image light emitted by the first projection unit 320 can also be divided into two parts. The first part of the first image light is diffracted at the first diffusion element 313, and the second part of the first image light passes through the first diffusion element 313 and is diffracted at the second diffusion element 314.

[0121] Because the grating structures of the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are different, i.e., their light diffraction characteristics are different, the diffusion elements have good angular selectivity. Therefore, even if the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 both receive the first image light from the first projection unit 320, they will diffract a portion of the first image light they each receive in different directions, thereby achieving simultaneous image display in the first display area 311 and the second display area 312. The image displayed in the first display area 311 can be seen by the user located in the first eye-box 301, and the image displayed in the second display area 312 can be seen by the user located in the second eye-box 302.

[0122] In some possible embodiments, the image corresponding to the first portion of the first image light may be the same as the image corresponding to the second portion of the first image light.

[0123] Based on the above technical solution, the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element are overlapped on the first carrier, and the first image light is divided into two parts. One part can be responded to by the first diffusion element and diffracted, while the other part cannot be responded to by the first diffusion element (i.e., it passes directly through the first diffusion element), but can be responded to by the second diffusion element and diffracted, so as to realize the image display based on the first display area and the second display area, thereby meeting the viewing needs of users located in the corresponding spatial ranges of the two eye boxes, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0124] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0125] refer to Figure 5 As shown, compared to Figure 3 , Figure 4 The display system 300 shown is... Figure 5 The display system 300 also includes a rotation mechanism 330 connected to the first projection unit 320. The rotation mechanism 330 controls the first projection unit 320 to face the first display area 311 or to face the second display area 312. Furthermore, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 in the display system 300 can also be arranged side-by-side on the first carrier 310 without overlapping.

[0126] For example, taking the front row scenario of a smart cockpit as an example, if the viewing needs of the driver's seat user need to be met, the aforementioned rotating mechanism 330 can control the first projection unit 320 to face the first display area 311, thereby realizing the image display in the first display area 311; if the viewing needs of the passenger seat user need to be met, the aforementioned rotating mechanism 330 can control the first projection unit 320 to face the second display area 312, thereby realizing the image display in the second display area 312.

[0127] In some possible embodiments, a user can instruct the rotation mechanism 330 to control the orientation of the first projection unit 320 via a control terminal to meet the viewing needs of the user at the corresponding position. The control terminal can be a remote control for the display system 300, or a portable terminal of the user that establishes a communication connection with the display system 300, equipped with a control application that can be used to control the aforementioned rotation mechanism 330.

[0128] In some possible embodiments, the control terminal or the control application mounted on the portable terminal can also control the content of the image corresponding to the image light emitted by the first projection unit 320.

[0129] In some possible embodiments, as described above, the first projection unit 320 can emit a first image light toward the first display area 311. After the rotation mechanism 330 orients the first projection unit 320 toward the second display area 312, the first projection unit 320 can also emit the first image light toward the second display area 312, and the second diffusion element 314 can image the image corresponding to the first image light onto the second display area 312. This allows the first display area 311 and the second display area 312 to display the same image content sequentially. The image displayed in the first display area 311 can be seen by the user located in the first eye box 301, and the image displayed in the second display area 312 can be seen by the user located in the second eye box 302.

[0130] In some possible embodiments, after the rotating mechanism 330 orients the first projection unit 320 toward the second display area 312, the first projection unit 320 can be changed to emit a second image light toward the second display area 312, so that the second diffusion element 314 images the image corresponding to the second image light onto the second display area 312. This allows the first display area 311 and the second display area 312 to display different image content sequentially.

[0131] In some possible embodiments, the propagation characteristics of the second image light may differ from those of the first image light, wherein the propagation characteristics may include at least one of the wavelength of the light and the propagation path (which affects the incident angle and propagation distance).

[0132] Based on the above technical solution, the display system, by adding a rotating mechanism, enables the first projection unit to flexibly face the first display area or the second display area, meeting the viewing needs of the driver and passenger from different positions.

[0133] Considering that when the human eye observes a scene, it takes a certain amount of time for light signals to reach the brain, and the visual image does not immediately disappear after the light effect ends, this residual visual image can be called an "afterimage," and this visual phenomenon can be called "visual persistence." Based on this phenomenon, this application proposes a display system 300 to realize image display of two display areas (such as the first display area 311 and the second display area 312 mentioned above) based on a first projection unit 320.

[0134] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0135] refer to Figure 6 As shown, compared to Figure 3 , Figure 4 The display system 300 shown is... Figure 5The first projection unit 320 in the display system 300 shown further includes a control unit 321, which controls the first projection unit 320 to alternately face the first display area 311 and the second display area 312.

[0136] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 can be arranged side by side on the first carrier 310 without overlapping each other.

[0137] In some possible embodiments, in order to ensure that the human eye cannot perceive the alternation of images, the alternation frequency can be set to 60Hz or other reasonable frequency values.

[0138] In some possible embodiments, as the first projection unit 320 alternately faces the first display area 311 and the second display area 312, the first projection unit 320 can continuously emit the first image light. Because the diffusion element has good angular selectivity, the first diffusion element 313 can image the image corresponding to the first image light onto the first display area 311, and the second diffusion element 314 can image the image corresponding to the first image light onto the second display area 312. In this way, the first display area 311 and the second display area 312 can simultaneously display the same image content.

[0139] In some possible embodiments, during the process of the first projection unit 320 alternately facing the first display area 311 and the second display area 312, when the first projection unit 320 faces the first display area 311, the first projection unit 320 emits a first image light so that the first diffusion element 313 can image the image corresponding to the first image light onto the first display area 311; when the first projection unit 320 faces the second display area 312, the first projection unit 320 emits a second image light so that the second diffusion element 314 can image the image corresponding to the second image light onto the second display area 312. This allows the first display area 311 and the second display area 312 to simultaneously display different image content.

[0140] The image displayed in the first display area 311 can be seen by the user located in the first eye box 301, and the image displayed in the second display area 312 can be seen by the user located in the second eye box 302.

[0141] Based on the above technical solution, by adding a control unit to the first projection unit, the direction of the emitted image light of the first projection unit can be frequently switched, ensuring that the screen of the first display area and the second display area is displayed smoothly and imperceptibly, which can meet the simultaneous viewing needs of the driver and passenger in different positions.

[0142] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also propose a display system architecture with dual projection units and dual diffusion elements.

[0143] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0144] refer to Figure 7 As shown, the display system 300 is compared to Figure 3 The display system 300 shown further includes:

[0145] The second projection unit 340 is used to emit a second image light into the second display area 312, and the second diffusion element 314 is used to image the image corresponding to the second image light onto the second display area 312. The hardware architecture of the second projection unit 340 can be the same as that of the first projection unit 320.

[0146] Figure 7 (a) and Figure 7 The difference in the display system 300 shown in (b) lies in the positional relationship between the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314. Figure 7 In (a), the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are distributed on the same plane of the first carrier 310, that is, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 can be arranged side by side on the first carrier 310 without overlapping each other. Figure 7 In (b), the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are distributed overlappingly on the same plane or two planes of the first carrier 310.

[0147] for Figure 7 In the display system 300 shown in (a), the first image light emitted by the first projection unit 320 is directly projected onto the first diffusion element 313 and diffracted thereon, so that the image corresponding to the first image light is imaged in the first display area 311; the second image light emitted by the second projection unit 340 is directly projected onto the second diffusion element 314 and diffracted thereon, so that the image corresponding to the second image light is imaged in the second display area 312. The image content corresponding to the first image light and the second image light may be the same or different.

[0148] for Figure 7In the display system 300 shown in (b), the first image light emitted by the first projection unit 320 is directly projected onto the first diffusion element 313 and diffracted thereon, so that the image corresponding to the first image light is imaged in the first display area 311. The second diffusion element 314 is disposed overlapping the first diffusion element 313 on the side away from the second projection unit 340. Therefore, the second image light emitted by the second projection unit 340 is first projected onto the first diffusion element 313. However, the diffraction characteristics of the second image light and the first diffusion element 313 do not match, so the second image light can pass through the first diffusion element 313 and be projected onto the second diffusion element 314, where it diffracts, so that the image corresponding to the second image light is imaged in the second display area 312. The image content corresponding to the first image light and the second image light can be the same or different.

[0149] The image displayed in the first display area 311 can be seen by the user located in the first eye box 301, and the image displayed in the second display area 312 can be seen by the user located in the second eye box 302.

[0150] Based on the above technical solution, by adopting a display system architecture with dual projection units and dual diffusion elements, the display system can achieve HOE display with dual-eye boxes, thereby meeting the viewing needs of users sitting in the driver's seat and the passenger seat, and there is no interference between the displayed images.

[0151] As can be seen from the foregoing description of the embodiments, based on the special material and structure of the diffusion element, the diffusion element can cover the surface or interior of the carrier. Taking the display system 300 mentioned in the embodiments of this application as an example, the deployment positions of the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 can include the following four forms:

[0152] Form 1: The first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are located on the surface of the first carrier 310;

[0153] Form 2: The first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are located inside the first carrier 310;

[0154] Form 3: The first diffusion element 313 is located on the surface of the first carrier 310, and the second diffusion element 314 is located inside the first carrier 310;

[0155] Form 4: The first diffusion element 313 is located inside the first carrier 310, and the second diffusion element 314 is located on the surface of the first carrier 310.

[0156] In forms 2 to 4, the first carrier 310 is transparent. Furthermore, the deployment positions of the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 on the first carrier 310 can be selected based on different positional relationships between them. For example, when the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are arranged side-by-side on the first carrier 310 without overlapping, form 1 or form 2 can be used; when the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are arranged overlappingly on the first carrier 310, any one of forms 1 to 4 can be used.

[0157] For form 1 above, the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are located on the surface of the first carrier 310. This can mean that the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 can be arranged side by side on one surface of the first carrier 310 without overlapping each other; it can also mean that the first diffusion element 313 and the second diffusion element 314 are arranged overlappingly on one surface of the first carrier 310; it can also mean that the first diffusion element 313 is arranged on the first surface of the first carrier and the second diffusion element 314 is arranged on the second surface of the first carrier 310, with the first surface and the second surface opposite to each other.

[0158] Based on the above technical solution, the first and second diffusion elements used in the display system can be deployed in various positions on the first carrier, which has a high degree of flexibility.

[0159] Furthermore, taking the structural design of the diffusion element located on a designated carrier as an example, the display system 300 proposed in the embodiments of this application will be further described.

[0160] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The graph shown illustrates the relationship between the incident angle, reflectivity, and contrast of the display system 300. Figure 9 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the angle of incidence, the left vertical axis represents the reflectivity of the light, and the right vertical axis represents the contrast between the image and the ghost image. R1 illustrates the relationship between the reflectivity of vertically (senkrecht, S) polarized light and the angle of incidence, R2 illustrates the relationship between the reflectivity of P-polarized light and the angle of incidence, and R3 illustrates the contrast curve between the image and the ghost image.

[0161] refer to Figure 8 As shown, the display system 300 includes a transparent display element 20. The image light incident on the transparent display element 20 is P-polarized light, and at a certain incident angle (e.g., Figure 8 Within the range shown in (a) (e.g.) Figure 9As shown), P-polarized light has low reflectivity, which reduces ghosting, thereby decreasing the contrast between the image and the ghosting, and thus reducing the impact of ghosting on the image and improving the display effect. Furthermore, the image light incident on the transparent display 20 does not include S-polarized light, so there is no S-polarized light scattering. At the same time, the scattering brightness of P-polarized light is low, which reduces the angle between the image light incident on the transparent display 20 and the viewing light when viewed from the outside of the transparent display 20 (e.g., when viewed from the outside of the transparent display 20). Figure 8 When the value (as shown in b) is greater than a certain value, it prevents the user from seeing the image formed by the image light from the outside of the transparent display 20, thus enabling single-sided display. Furthermore, the transparent display 20 has transparent properties, allowing it to project ambient light into the user's eyes, enabling the user to see the image formed by the image light while simultaneously seeing the real environment through the transparent display 20.

[0162] like Figure 8 As shown, the display system 300 includes an image generation unit 10 and a transparent display element 20. The image generation unit 10 generates image light containing image information. The transparent display element 20 transmits ambient light to the human eye and receives the image light. The image light incident on the transparent display element 20 is P-polarized light. The transparent display element 20 includes a diffusion element 21 and a transparent carrier 22. The transparent carrier 22 carries the diffusion element 21, which diffuses the image light and projects the diffused image light to the human eye.

[0163] The diffusion element 21 may include the first diffusion element 313 and / or the second diffusion element 314 mentioned in the embodiments of this application; the transparent carrier 22 may be the first carrier 310 mentioned in the embodiments of this application; and the image generation unit 10 may be the first projection unit 320 and / or the second projection unit 340 mentioned in the embodiments of this application.

[0164] The diffusion element 21 can also be attached to the surface of the transparent carrier 22, which can reduce the difficulty of connecting the diffusion element 21 and the transparent carrier 22, and reduce the production difficulty and production cost of the transparent display component 20.

[0165] In some possible embodiments, the transparent display 20 includes only the diffusion element 21.

[0166] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the diffusion element 21 can be a reflective diffusion element, which is used to diffuse the image light and reflect the diffused image light to the human eye to form an image.

[0167] In some embodiments, the diffusion element 21 can be a transmissive diffusion element, which is used to diffuse the image light and transmit the diffused image light to the human eye to form an image.

[0168] In this embodiment, the transparent display element 20 has transparent properties, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the ambient light (such as) on the opposite side of the transparent display 20 Figure 8 The light (as indicated by the dashed arrow) enters the human eye through the transparent display 20, allowing the human eye to see the real environment (e.g., the real world) through the transparent display 20. Figure 8 (The tree in the image) achieves transparent display. At the same time, the diffusion element 20 reflects the diffused image light to the human eye, allowing the user to see the real environment while simultaneously seeing the image formed by the image light.

[0169] In the prior art, ghosting is formed by image light including P-polarized light and S-polarized light. In this embodiment, the image light incident on the transparent display 20 is P-polarized light, see [link to previous document]. Figure 8 As shown, at a certain incident angle (such as...) Figure 8 Within the range shown in (a), P-polarized light has low reflectivity, which can reduce ghosting, decrease the contrast between the image and the ghosting, reduce the impact of ghosting on the image, and improve the display effect.

[0170] Specifically, in Figure 8 In this context, ghosting is formed by the image light reflected from the interface between the transparent carrier 22 and the air to the human eye. Because P-polarized light is incident at a certain angle to the interface between the transparent carrier 22 and the air, it can cause the outer surface of the transparent carrier 22 (such as...) to... Figure 8 The image light reflected from the interface between the inner and outer surfaces of the transparent carrier 22 and the air, forming a smaller ghost image, reduces the contrast between the image light reflected from the diffuser element 21 and the ghost image, thus improving the display effect.

[0171] In some possible implementations, the angle of incidence of the image light incident on the transparent display 20 (e.g. Figure 8 (As shown in a) The angle of incidence is greater than or equal to 25° and less than or equal to 68°, and the angle of incidence is the angle between the normal of the transparent display 20 and the image light incident on the transparent display 20.

[0172] Thus, as Figure 9 As shown, P-polarized light has extremely low reflectivity, resulting in minimal or no ghosting, thus further reducing the impact of ghosting on the image.

[0173] See Figure 9 As shown, when the incident angle of P-polarized light incident on the transparent display 20 is equal to the Brewster angle, the reflectivity of P-polarized light is zero, and no ghosting will be formed. The contrast between the image and the ghosting is zero, which can solve the ghosting problem.

[0174] See Figure 9As shown, when the incident angle of P-polarized light incident on the transparent display 20 is closer to the Brewster angle, the reflectivity of P-polarized light is smaller, and therefore less P-polarized light is reflected to the human eye, resulting in less ghosting and thus less contrast between the image and the ghosting.

[0175] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another display system 300 proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0176] refer to Figure 10 As shown, along the thickness direction of the transparent display element 20, the reflective element 30 and the image generation unit 10 are located on opposite sides of the transparent display element 20. This allows the display system 300 to be arranged in different scenarios, expanding its application range.

[0177] In some possible implementations, the image light generated by the image generation unit 10 is P-polarized light, which can reduce the number of parts in the display system 300 and lower the cost of the display system 300.

[0178] It can be understood that the image generation unit 10 that generates P-polarized light can also be called a P-polarized light optical engine. The P-polarized light optical engine is used to generate P-polarized light and filter other light rays, such as S-polarized light. Any device that can generate P-polarized light belongs to the P-polarized light optical engine in this embodiment.

[0179] In one embodiment, the P-polarized light optical engine can be an LCoS image generation device. The LCoS image generation device modulates the polarization state through a silicon-based reflective liquid crystal layer: after incident P-polarized light (linearly polarized) penetrates the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules are voltage-controlled to change their polarization direction; the light reflected to the silicon substrate passes through the liquid crystal layer a second time, and the polarization state is precisely modulated. Finally, a polarizer filters out specific P-polarized light components to achieve the purpose of projecting P-polarized light onto the transparent display device 20. The P-polarized light optical engine in this embodiment can reduce light loss and support ultra-high resolution and precise phase modulation.

[0180] In one embodiment, the P-polarized optical engine includes an image generating device and a polarizing filter. The polarizing filter converts the polarization state of the light beam emitted from the image generating device into a P-polarized state. When the light beam emitted from the image generating device passes through the polarizing filter, only the P-polarized light aligned with the transmission axis of the polarizing filter passes through, while the remaining polarization components are blocked. Therefore, by setting the polarizing filter, P-polarized light can be filtered out to achieve the purpose of projecting P-polarized light onto the diffusion element 21. The P-polarized optical engine in this embodiment has high contrast, high response speed, and strong resistance to ambient light.

[0181] In one embodiment, the P-polarized optical engine includes an image generating device and a waveplate. The waveplate is used to convert the polarization state of the light beam emitted from the image generating device into a P-polarized state. When the light beam emitted from the image generating device passes through the waveplate, the waveplate changes the polarization direction of the light beam emitted from the image generating device, making the polarization direction of the light beam the same as that of P-polarized light. Therefore, by setting the waveplate, the purpose of projecting P-polarized light onto the diffusion element 21 can be achieved. In addition, the P-polarized optical engine in this embodiment has high contrast, high response speed, and strong resistance to ambient light.

[0182] In one embodiment, the P-polarized light optical engine can also be an image generation module LCD. The LCD is based on transmissive liquid crystal polarization control: the unpolarized light from the backlight is converted into P-polarized light by a front polarizer, and the liquid crystal molecules change the polarization direction of the light according to the twist angle of the electrical signal; the rear polarizer (analyzer) only allows light with the same direction as the original P-polarized light to pass through, while the other components are blocked, so as to achieve the purpose of projecting P-polarized light onto the transparent display 20. The P-polarized light optical engine in this embodiment is low in cost, technologically mature, and easy to integrate with transmissive polarization modulation.

[0183] In some possible implementations, the image light generated by the image generation unit 10 is not P-polarized light; for example, the image light generated by the image generation unit 10 can be S-polarized light. In this case, the display system 300 also includes a polarization converter disposed in the optical path between the image generation unit 10 and the transparent display element 20. The polarization converter is used to convert the polarization state of the image light from the image generation unit 10 to a P-polarized state and project the converted image light onto the transparent display element 20.

[0184] For example, the image generation unit 10 generates S-polarized light, and the polarization conversion element can be a half-wave plate to convert P-polarized light into S-polarized light.

[0185] Furthermore, the aforementioned first carrier 310 can take various forms. Taking a smart cockpit as an example, the first carrier 310 can be the windshield of a vehicle. Based on this, the embodiments of this application also propose a cockpit system.

[0186] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a cockpit system 1100 proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0187] refer to Figure 11 As shown, the cockpit system 1100 may include any of the display systems 300 proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0188] In the cockpit system 1100, the first carrier 310 is a windshield. The first diffuser 313 can be disposed on the left half of the windshield to form the first display area 311. The first eye box 301 corresponding to the first display area 311 covers the driver's seat. The second diffuser 314 can be disposed on the right half of the windshield to form the second display area 312. The second eye box 302 corresponding to the second display area 312 covers the passenger seat. The first eye box 301 and the second eye box 302 do not overlap, that is, the image displays of the first display area 311 and the second display area 312 do not interfere with each other. The first projection unit 320 and / or the second projection unit 340 can be disposed on the cockpit ceiling to emit corresponding image light to the first diffuser 313 and the second diffuser 314, so that the user sitting in the driver's seat can see the image presented in the first display area 311, and the user sitting in the passenger seat can see the image presented in the second display area 312.

[0189] In some possible embodiments, in a smart cockpit scenario, the aforementioned first carrier 310 can also be a vehicle's terminal display screen or central control screen, or even a panoramic sunroof, etc. Additionally, taking smart home as an example, the aforementioned first carrier 310 can be a ceramic tile, or a smooth floor, etc. In different application scenarios, the aforementioned first carrier 310 can be replaced with different suitable carriers, which are not listed in detail here.

[0190] Furthermore, this application also proposes a vehicle that includes any of the cockpit systems or display systems proposed in this application.

[0191] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0192] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0193] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0194] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0195] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0196] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0197] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A display system, characterized in that, The display system includes: A first display area and a second display area, wherein the first display area is covered by a first diffusion element and the second display area is covered by a second diffusion element; A first projection unit is configured to emit a first image light toward the first display area; The first diffusion element is used to image the image corresponding to the first image light onto the first display area.

2. The display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first projection unit is further configured to emit the first image light into the second display area, and the second diffusion element is configured to image the image corresponding to the first image light onto the second display area.

3. The display system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first portion of the first image light is diffracted at the first diffusion element, and a second portion of the first image light is diffracted at the second diffusion element.

4. The display system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first portion of the first image light is diffracted at the first diffusion element, and a second portion of the first image light passes through the first diffusion element and is diffracted at the second diffusion element.

5. The display system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The image corresponding to the first part of the first image light is different from the image corresponding to the second part of the first image light.

6. The display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display system also includes: A rotating mechanism is connected to the first projection unit and is used to control the first projection unit to face the first display area or to face the second display area.

7. The display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first projection unit includes: A control unit is configured to control the first projection unit to alternately face the first display area and the second display area.

8. The display system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, When the first projection unit is facing the first display area, the first projection unit emits the first image light; when the first projection unit is facing the second display area, the first projection unit emits the second image light, and the second diffusion element is used to image the image corresponding to the second image light onto the second display area.

9. The display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display system also includes: The second projection unit is used to emit a second image light into the second display area, and the second diffusion element is used to image the image corresponding to the second image light onto the second display area.

10. The display system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second image light passes through the first diffusion element and is diffracted at the second diffusion element.

11. The display system according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that, The image corresponding to the first image light is different from the image corresponding to the second image light.

12. The display system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first display area and the second display area are located on a first carrier, characterized in that, The first diffusion element and the second diffusion element are located on the surface of the first carrier; or, When the first carrier is made of a transparent material, the first diffusion element and the second diffusion element are located inside the first carrier, or the first diffusion element is located on the surface of the first carrier and the second diffusion element is located inside the first carrier, or the first diffusion element is located inside the first carrier and the second diffusion element is located on the surface of the first carrier.

13. The display system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first carrier is the vehicle's windshield, terminal display screen, or panoramic sunroof.

14. A cockpit system, characterized in that, Includes the display system as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the cockpit system as described in claim 14, or the display system as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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