Display apparatus, method and related products

Abstract

The application discloses a display device, method and related product. The display device comprises a diffusion element and an image generation unit PGU, the diffusion element is located on a window of a target vehicle, wherein the PGU is used for projecting a light beam corresponding to a target image; the diffusion element is used for receiving the light beam corresponding to the target image and scattering the light beam corresponding to the target image to a first side of the window, so that the first side of the window displays the target image, and the first side of the window is located outside the target vehicle. The display device can keep high light transmittance of the vehicle window and realize clear display of the image on the vehicle window.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent vehicle technology, and in particular to a display device, method and related products. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of intelligent vehicles and scenarios such as augmented reality (AR) navigation and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) interaction, in-vehicle transparent display windows have become an important human-machine interface. However, traditional vehicle window display solutions have a fundamental contradiction in the compatibility between "transparency" and "high-brightness dynamic display": they need to balance the high light transmittance required for daytime driving with the ability to project clear images (such as warning signs) into the external space. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a display device, method, and related products. The display device projects a beam of light containing a target image through an image generation unit (PGU), and then a diffusion element in the display device scatters the beam of light containing the target image outside the car window for display. This achieves clear display of the image on the car window (visible to people outside the car) while maintaining high light transmittance of the car window (the target image is not visible to people inside the car).

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a display device, which includes a diffusion element and an image generation unit (PGU). The diffusion element is located on the window of a target vehicle. The PGU is used to project a light beam corresponding to a target image. The diffusion element is used to receive the light beam corresponding to the target image and scatter the light beam corresponding to the target image toward a first side of the window so that the target image is displayed on the first side of the window. The first side of the window is located outside the target vehicle.

[0005] From a technical perspective, the beam of light that projects the target image through the image generation unit (PGU) in the display device, and then the holographic optical element in the display device scatters the beam of light of the target image outside the car window for display, can maintain the high light transmittance of the car window while achieving a clear display of the image on the car window.

[0006] In one feasible implementation, the diffusion element includes at least one of holographic optical element (HOE) film, relief grating, metasurface, or photonic sieve.

[0007] These diffusion elements are based on the principle of light diffraction to scatter the incident light beam, thus displaying the target image on the outside of the window. This process does not sacrifice the window's transparency, nor does it require electricity, ensuring display quality at low cost.

[0008] In one feasible implementation, the PGU corresponds to a fixed position.

[0009] In one feasible implementation, PGU corresponds to a variable position.

[0010] In one feasible implementation, the wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the holographic grating structure on the diffusion element.

[0011] From a technical perspective, when the PGU is in a fixed position, determining the first wavelength range of the beam corresponding to the target image projected by the PGU based on the structure of the diffusion element can improve the efficiency of determining the first wavelength range.

[0012] In one feasible implementation, the wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the structure of the diffusion element and the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element.

[0013] In this embodiment, when the PGU corresponds to a variable position, the first wavelength range of the light beam is determined based on the structure of the diffusion element and the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element. This enables the display device to adapt to the display of target images with a wider range of wavelengths, thereby improving the flexibility of the device display.

[0014] In one feasible implementation, the scattering range of the light beam corresponding to the target image on the diffusion element corresponds to a first range, the size of which is determined based on at least one of the following: the light emission angle of the PGU, the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element, and the distance between the PGU and the diffusion element.

[0015] From a technical perspective, the distance and angle between the PGU and the diffuser element, as well as the light emission angle of the PGU, can be adjusted as needed to ensure that the target image is displayed within a preset first range on the car window, thereby guaranteeing the display effect of the target image.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the diffusion element is located on the second side of the window, which is located behind the first side.

[0017] In one feasible implementation, the PGU is an LCoS image generating device; or, the PGU includes an image generating device and a polarization filter, the polarization filter being used to convert the polarization state of the light beam emitted by the image generating device into a P-polarization state; or, the PGU includes an image generating device and a waveplate, the waveplate being used to convert the polarization state of the light beam emitted by the image generating device into a P-polarization state.

[0018] In one feasible implementation, the windows are the front windshield, rear windshield, side windshields, and / or top windshield of the target vehicle.

[0019] In one feasible implementation, the target image is used to indicate at least one of the following: first information, which is related to the driving mode of the target vehicle; second information, which is related to the driving status of the target vehicle; third information, which is related to information collected by the camera of the target vehicle; fourth information, which is used by the target vehicle to issue an alarm or request for help; fifth information, which is used by the target vehicle to communicate and interact with other vehicles; and sixth information, which is non-directional display information.

[0020] In one feasible implementation, the display device further includes a controller for determining the target image.

[0021] In this embodiment, a controller manipulates the display of different target images on windows at different locations on the target vehicle, thereby indicating different information. This process adapts different information to different window locations based on the varying importance of the information and the likelihood of the windows being viewed by external observers, maximizing the probability of each piece of information being seen and received by the audience. In other words, it improves the display efficiency of the target images.

[0022] In one feasible implementation, the PGU is located inside the target vehicle.

[0023] This implementation utilizes the transmission and scattering capabilities of HOE, which simplifies the fabrication process of the diffusion element.

[0024] In a second aspect, a display method is provided, applied to a control device, the control device being connected to a display device, the display device including a diffusion element and an image generation unit (PGU), the diffusion element being located on a window of a target vehicle, the method including: determining a target image; sending the target image to the PGU, the PGU being used to project a light beam corresponding to the target image; the diffusion element being used to receive the light beam corresponding to the target image and scatter the light beam corresponding to the target image toward a first side of the window, so that the target image is displayed on the first side of the window, the first side of the window being located outside the target vehicle.

[0025] The aforementioned control device can be an electronic device, or a module within an electronic device (such as a chip system), or a logic node, logic module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of an electronic device. There are no limitations on this.

[0026] From a technical perspective, the control equipment determines the target image based on various information and then sends the target image to the PGU in the display device. The PGU then projects the beam of the target image onto the diffuser element in the display device, causing the diffuser element to scatter the beam to the outside of the target vehicle and display the target image. This process ensures that each target image can be projected based on an appropriate wavelength, or that the target image is displayed on an appropriate window, thus ensuring overall display efficiency.

[0027] In one feasible implementation, the wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the holographic grating structure on the diffusion element.

[0028] In one feasible implementation, the wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the holographic grating structure on the diffusion element and the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element.

[0029] In one feasible implementation, the target image is used to indicate at least one of the following: first information, which is related to the driving mode of the target vehicle; second information, which is related to the driving status of the target vehicle; third information, which is related to information collected by the camera of the target vehicle; fourth information, which is used by the target vehicle to issue an alarm or request for help; fifth information, which is used by the target vehicle to communicate and interact with other vehicles; and sixth information, which is non-directional display information.

[0030] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided, which includes units or modules for implementing the methods of any of the above aspects.

[0031] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, the electronic device including at least one processor coupled to a memory; wherein the at least one processor is configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, such that any of the methods described in the second aspect are executed.

[0032] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a cockpit, which includes the display device described in any of the first aspects, or the control device described in the second aspect.

[0033] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a means of transportation, the means of transportation including the display device described in any of the first aspects, or further including the control device described in the second aspect.

[0034] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication system, which includes a display device and a control device, wherein the display device corresponds to the functions described in the first aspect above, and the control device is used to execute any of the methods in the second aspect above.

[0035] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed, cause a computer to perform any of the methods described in the second aspect above.

[0036] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, the computer program product comprising: computer program code, which, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the methods described in the second aspect above.

[0037] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip coupled to a memory for reading and executing program instructions in the memory, so that the device in which the chip is located implements any of the methods described in the second aspect above. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application are described below.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a display system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 2 This is an architectural diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between the incident angle, reflectivity, and contrast of a display device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 4 This is an architectural diagram of another display device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another display system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the target image display range provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the display of a target image on a target vehicle, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating a display method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of this application can be used interchangeably. Unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship; for example, A / B can represent A or B. "And / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be one or multiple. Furthermore, to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish between network elements and similar items with essentially the same function. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and that the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0050] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in the embodiments described in this application mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0051] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplary," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that they are examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of the term "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner.

[0052] The following detailed embodiments further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the following are merely specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made based on the technical solutions of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0054] The prior art of the embodiments of this application is described below.

[0055] In the prior art, the beam of light generated by the image generation unit (PGU) is scattered to the outside of the vehicle through some schemes to achieve the interaction between the vehicle and objects outside the vehicle.

[0056] 1. Projection-type vehicle window solution (based on global scattering film)

[0057] In this scheme, a full-band scattering film is attached to the inside of the car window. A beam of light emitting an image is emitted into the glass through a PGU light source, and the full-band scattering film scatters the beam of light of the image to the outside of the car window to achieve external imaging.

[0058] In this design, because the full-band scattering film needs to scatter light beams across all wavelengths, its transparency is low, leading to a significant decrease in window transparency and affecting the visibility of occupants through the windshield. In other words, based on the visibility needs of occupants, the global scattering film cannot be applied to the windshield and side windows.

[0059] 2. Electrochromic / LCD Embedded Solution

[0060] In this solution, an electronic color-changing or liquid crystal display (LCD) panel is embedded in the window interlayer. The panel can switch between a transparent mode and a display mode. When it is necessary to scatter the beam of light from the image generated by the PGU outside the window, the panel switches to display mode to scatter the beam of light. When it is not necessary to scatter the beam, the panel switches to transparent mode.

[0061] In this design, only the display mode can scatter the light beam; the transparent mode cannot, resulting in low image display efficiency. Similarly, when scattering the light beam, the window transparency decreases, affecting the occupants' use of the windshield. Furthermore, such a mode-switching panel is expensive and consumes relatively high amounts of energy.

[0062] Based on the above description, embodiments of this application provide a display system. See also... Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a display system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a display device and a target vehicle. The display device is located on the target vehicle and includes a diffuser element 101 and a PGU 102. The diffuser element 101 is located on the window of the vehicle, wherein:

[0063] PGU 102 is used to project a beam of light corresponding to the target image;

[0064] The diffuser element 101 is used to receive the light beam corresponding to the target image and scatter the light beam corresponding to the target image toward the first side of the window so that the target image is displayed on the first side of the window, which is located outside the target vehicle.

[0065] The target vehicle in this application embodiment can be a vehicle, ship, train, airplane, or submarine, etc. The target vehicle has windows, and the windows are made of transparent material. The occupants inside the vehicle, including the driver and passengers, have a need to see the outside world through the windows.

[0066] The diffusion element in this application refers to an object capable of scattering light of a specific wavelength based on the principle of diffraction, thereby creating an image. That is to say, the diffusion element does not rely on the principles of reflection and refraction for imaging, and therefore does not require reducing the transparency of a window to achieve imaging. Specifically, the diffusion element can be a holographic optical element (HOE) film, an embossed grating, a metasurface, or a photonic sieve, etc.

[0067] See also Figure 2 This is an architectural diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of this application. See also the following references. Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between the incident angle, reflectivity, and contrast of a display device according to an embodiment of this application. The display device is... Figure 2 The display device shown. Figure 3In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the angle of incidence, the left vertical axis represents the reflectivity of the light, and the right vertical axis represents the contrast between the image and the ghost image. R1 illustrates the relationship between the reflectivity of S-polarized light and the angle of incidence, R2 illustrates the relationship between the reflectivity of P-polarized light and the angle of incidence, and R3 illustrates the contrast curve between the image and the ghost image.

[0068] Figure 2 The display device includes a transparent display element 20. The imaging light incident on the transparent display element 20 is P-polarized light, and at a certain incident angle (e.g., Figure 2 Within the range shown in (a) (e.g.) Figure 3 As shown), P-polarized light has low reflectivity, which reduces ghosting, thereby decreasing the contrast between the image and the ghosting, and thus reducing the impact of ghosting on the image and improving the display effect. Furthermore, the imaging light incident on the transparent display 20 does not include S-polarized light, so there is no S-polarized light scattering. At the same time, the scattering brightness of P-polarized light is low, which reduces the angle between the imaging light incident on the transparent display 20 and the viewing light when the user looks from the outside of the transparent display 20 inwards (e.g., ...). Figure 2 When the value (as shown in b) is greater than a certain value, it prevents the user from seeing the image formed by the imaging light from the outside of the transparent display 20, thus enabling single-sided display. Furthermore, the transparent display 20 has transparent properties, allowing it to project ambient light into the user's eyes, enabling the user to see the image formed by the imaging light while simultaneously seeing the real environment through the transparent display 20.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, the display device includes an image generation unit 10 and a transparent display element 20. The image generation unit 10 generates imaging light containing image information. The transparent display element 20 transmits ambient light to the human eye and receives the imaging light. The imaging light incident on the transparent display element 20 is P-polarized light. The transparent display element 20 includes a diffusion element 21 and a transparent carrier 22. The transparent carrier 22 carries the diffusion element 21, which diffuses the imaging light and projects the diffused imaging light to the human eye.

[0070] The diffusion element 21 can also be attached to the surface of the transparent carrier 22, which can reduce the difficulty of connecting the diffusion element 21 and the transparent carrier 22, and reduce the production difficulty and production cost of the transparent display component 20.

[0071] In some embodiments, the transparent display 20 includes only the diffusion element 21.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the diffusion element 21 can be a reflective diffusion element, which is used to diffuse the imaging light and reflect the diffused imaging light to the human eye to form an image.

[0073] In some embodiments, the diffusion element 21 can be a transmissive diffusion element, which is used to diffuse the imaging light and transmit the diffused imaging light to the human eye to form an image.

[0074] In this embodiment, the transparent display element 20 has transparent properties, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the ambient light (such as) on the opposite side of the transparent display 20 Figure 2 The light (as indicated by the dashed arrow) enters the human eye through the transparent display 20, allowing the human eye to see the real environment (e.g., the real world) through the transparent display 20. Figure 2 (The tree in the image) is transparently displayed. At the same time, the diffusion element 21 reflects the diffused imaging light to the human eye, allowing the user to see the real environment while simultaneously seeing the image formed by the imaging light.

[0075] In the prior art, ghosting is formed by imaging light including P-polarized light and S-polarized light. In this embodiment, the imaging light incident on the transparent display 20 is P-polarized light, see [link to previous section]. Figure 2 As shown, at a certain incident angle (such as...) Figure 2 Within the range shown in (a), P-polarized light has low reflectivity, which can reduce ghosting, decrease the contrast between the image and the ghosting, reduce the impact of ghosting on the image, and improve the display effect.

[0076] Specifically, in Figure 2 In this context, ghosting is formed by the imaging light reflected from the interface between the transparent carrier 22 and the air, reaching the human eye. Because P-polarized light is incident at a certain angle to the interface between the transparent carrier 22 and the air, it can cause the outer surface of the transparent carrier 22 (such as...) to... Figure 2 The ghosting formed by the imaging light reflected to the human eye from the interface between the inner and outer surfaces of the transparent carrier 22 and the air is smaller, which reduces the contrast between the image and the ghosting formed by the imaging light reflected to the human eye from the diffusion element 21 and improves the display effect.

[0077] In some possible implementations, the incident angle of the imaging light incident on the transparent display 20 (e.g. Figure 2 (As shown in a) The angle of incidence is greater than or equal to 25° and less than or equal to 68°, and the angle of incidence is the angle between the normal of the transparent display 20 and the imaging light incident on the transparent display 20.

[0078] Thus, as Figure 3 As shown, P-polarized light has extremely low reflectivity, resulting in minimal or no ghosting, thus further reducing the impact of ghosting on the image.

[0079] See Figure 3 As shown, when the incident angle of P-polarized light incident on the transparent display 20 is equal to the Brewster angle, the reflectivity of P-polarized light is zero, and no ghosting will be formed. The contrast between the image and the ghosting is zero, which can solve the ghosting problem.

[0080] See Figure 3 As shown, when the incident angle of P-polarized light incident on the transparent display 20 is closer to the Brewster angle, the reflectivity of P-polarized light is smaller, and therefore less P-polarized light is reflected to the human eye, resulting in less ghosting and thus less contrast between the image and the ghosting.

[0081] For some possible implementation methods, please refer to Figure 4 Here is an architectural diagram of another display device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, along the thickness direction of the transparent display element 20, the reflective element 30 and the image generation unit 10 are located on opposite sides of the transparent display element 20. This allows the display device to be arranged in different scenarios, expanding its application range.

[0082] In some possible implementations, the imaging light generated by the image generation unit 10 is P-polarized light, which can reduce the number of parts in the display device and lower the cost of the image display device.

[0083] It can be understood that the image generation unit 10 that generates P-polarized light can also be called a P-polarized light optical engine. The P-polarized light optical engine is used to generate P-polarized light and filter other light rays, such as S-polarized light. Any device that can generate P-polarized light belongs to the P-polarized light optical engine in this embodiment.

[0084] In one embodiment, the P-polarized optical engine can be a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) image generation device. The LCoS image generation device modulates the polarization state through a silicon-based reflective liquid crystal layer: after incident P-polarized light (linearly polarized) penetrates the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules are voltage-controlled to change their polarization direction; the light reflected to the silicon substrate passes through the liquid crystal layer a second time, and the polarization state is precisely modulated. Finally, a polarizer filters out specific P-polarized light components to achieve the purpose of projecting P-polarized light onto the transparent display device 20. The P-polarized optical engine in this embodiment can reduce light loss and support ultra-high resolution and precise phase modulation.

[0085] In one embodiment, the P-polarized optical engine includes an image generating device and a polarizing filter. The polarizing filter converts the polarization state of the light beam emitted from the image generating device into a P-polarized state. When the light beam emitted from the image generating device passes through the polarizing filter, only the P-polarized light aligned with the transmission axis of the polarizing filter passes through, while the remaining polarization components are blocked. Therefore, by setting the polarizing filter, P-polarized light can be filtered out to achieve the purpose of projecting P-polarized light onto the diffusion element 21. The P-polarized optical engine in this embodiment has high contrast, high response speed, and strong resistance to ambient light.

[0086] In one embodiment, the P-polarized optical engine includes an image generating device and a waveplate. The waveplate is used to convert the polarization state of the light beam emitted from the image generating device into a P-polarized state. When the light beam emitted from the image generating device passes through the waveplate, the waveplate changes the polarization direction of the light beam emitted from the image generating device, making the polarization direction of the light beam the same as that of P-polarized light. Therefore, by setting the waveplate, the purpose of projecting P-polarized light onto the diffusion element 21 can be achieved. In addition, the P-polarized optical engine in this embodiment has high contrast, high response speed, and strong resistance to ambient light.

[0087] In one embodiment, the P-polarized light optical engine can also be an image generation module LCD. The LCD is based on transmissive liquid crystal polarization control: the unpolarized light from the backlight is converted into P-polarized light by a front polarizer, and the liquid crystal molecules change the polarization direction of the light according to the twist angle of the electrical signal; the rear polarizer (analyzer) only allows light with the same direction as the original P-polarized light to pass through, while the other components are blocked, so as to achieve the purpose of projecting P-polarized light onto the transparent display 20. The P-polarized light optical engine in this embodiment is low in cost, technologically mature, and easy to integrate with transmissive polarization modulation.

[0088] In some possible implementations, the imaging light generated by the image generation unit 10 is not P-polarized light; for example, the imaging light generated by the image generation unit 10 can be S-polarized light. In this case, the display device also includes a polarization converter disposed in the optical path between the image generation unit 10 and the transparent display element 20. The polarization converter is used to convert the polarization state of the imaging light from the image generation unit 10 to a P-polarized state and project the converted imaging light onto the transparent display element 20.

[0089] For example, the image generation unit 10 generates S-polarized light, and the polarization conversion element can be a half-wave plate to convert P-polarized light into S-polarized light.

[0090] The above Figures 2-4 The transparent display element 20 described may be a window on the target vehicle, or it may have other names; this application embodiment does not limit this. Therefore, "the diffusion element is located on the window of the target vehicle" means that the diffusion element is located at the position of the window of the target vehicle. Specifically, this may include: the diffusion element being connected to or attached to the (existing) window, or the diffusion element being integrated with the window.

[0091] This embodiment will take HOE film as the diffusion element as an example for detailed description.

[0092] A Holographic Image (HOE) may include a substrate layer and a holographic recording layer. The substrate layer is typically a transparent thin film material, such as a photopolymer film or a polyimide film. These materials possess excellent optical transparency and mechanical properties, enabling the recording of holograms. The holographic recording layer sits atop the substrate layer and can be fabricated using materials such as aromatic acrylates or pyrrolidone. The holographic recording layer records the interference fringes between the object light wave and the reference light wave using the principles of holography, forming a grating structure. This records the amplitude and phase information of the light wave, determining the diffraction characteristics of the HOE. Furthermore, the HOE may include a protective layer to protect the holographic recording layer from environmental damage. This protective layer can be a transparent organic or inorganic material, possessing properties such as scratch resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0093] Because HOEs have high diffraction efficiency, they ensure that most of the incident light is effectively used for image reconstruction, thus producing sufficiently bright reconstructed images even in strong light environments. Simultaneously, HOEs exhibit angle and wavelength selectivity, selectively enhancing the brightness of the target image while suppressing stray light from other directions, significantly improving image contrast and clarity. Furthermore, taking the diffuser element 101 located in the windshield of a vehicle as an example, the transparency of the HOE prevents it from significantly obstructing the windshield's light transmission. By precisely designing the hologram structure, the distribution of the light field can be further controlled, allowing the reconstructed image to be concentrated in a specific area, reducing light scattering and waste. Since HOEs operate based on the principle of light diffraction, unlike traditional display technologies that rely on the intensity contrast of reflected or transmitted light to display information, even in strong ambient light environments, HOEs can still produce clear images through their unique diffraction characteristics, effectively resisting ambient light interference. Therefore, it can be seen that the external display function based on HOE does not require covering the windshield with a full-band scattering film, electrochromic film, LCD display screen, etc., thereby avoiding the problem of obstructing the driver's vision. This allows the imaging position proposed in the embodiments of this application to extend to all windshields, rather than being limited to the edge area of ​​the windshield or the rear windshield.

[0094] HOE can perform scattering imaging of light beams within a specific wavelength range. Specific wavelength light beams include lasers with wavelengths of 450 nm, 520 nm, and 640 nm.

[0095] Optionally, the PGU is located inside the target vehicle, specifically as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the diagram. In this case, the target image projected by the PGU is displayed outside the window of the target vehicle, meaning that the incident beam of the target image and the holographic image are on different sides, thus utilizing the transmission and scattering capabilities of the HOE.

[0096] Optionally, the PGU is located outside the target vehicle. See also... Figure 5, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another display system provided in an embodiment of this application. In this case, the incident light beam of the target image and the holographic image are on the same side, thus utilizing the reflection and scattering capability of the HOE.

[0097] As can be seen, in this embodiment of the application, the beam of light that projects the target image through the image generation unit PGU, and then the beam of light that projects the target image through the diffusion element, can be displayed outside the car window while maintaining the high light transmittance of the car window.

[0098] Optionally, PGU corresponds to a fixed position.

[0099] Optionally, the wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the structure of the diffusion element.

[0100] A fixed position for the PGU can refer to at least one of the following: the PGU itself is fixed in position; the angle of the beam emitted by the PGU is fixed; or the relative angle between the PGU and the window containing the diffuser element is fixed. Taking a HOE film as the diffuser element as an example, all the scenarios corresponding to the fixed PGU positions mentioned above involve a fixed angle between the beam emitted by the PGU and the HOE film. Therefore, whether the beam emitted by the PGU can be scattered and imaged by the HOE film depends on the structure of the HOE film (specifically, a holographic grating structure) and the wavelength of the beam emitted by the PGU. Given a fixed HOE film structure, the first wavelength range of the beam that the PGU can emit is also correspondingly determined.

[0101] Generally, the narrower the wavelength range of the light beam corresponding to the target image, the higher the scattering efficiency of the HOE film. This means that the HOE film can be structurally designed to allow more light beams to be scattered and imaged. Conversely, the wider the wavelength range of the light beam corresponding to the target image, the lower the scattering efficiency of the HOE film for each wavelength in order to ensure that all wavelengths of light beams can be scattered (partially) and imaged.

[0102] Optionally, PGU corresponds to a variable position.

[0103] Optionally, the wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the structure of the diffusion element and the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element.

[0104] The variable position of the PGU can refer to at least one of the following: the position of the PGU itself is variable; the angle of the PGU's emitted beam is variable; or the relative angle between the PGU and the window containing the diffuser element is variable. In all these scenarios where the PGU's position is variable, the angle between the PGU's emitted beam and the diffuser element is not fixed. Therefore, whether the beam emitted by the PGU can be scattered and imaged by the diffuser element depends on the structure of the diffuser element, the wavelength of the PGU's emitted beam, and the angle between the PGU's emitted beam and the diffuser element. Furthermore, if the structure of the diffuser element is fixed, the first wavelength range of the beam emitted by the PGU can also vary with the angle between the beam and the diffuser element.

[0105] In this embodiment, when the PGU corresponds to a fixed position, the first wavelength range of the light beam corresponding to the target image projected by the PGU is determined based on the structure of the diffusion element, which improves the efficiency of determining the first wavelength range. When the PGU corresponds to a variable position, the first wavelength range of the light beam is determined based on the holographic grating structure on the diffusion element and the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element. This allows the display device to adapt to displaying target images of light beams with a wider range of wavelengths, improving the flexibility of the system display.

[0106] The scattering range of the light beam corresponding to the target image on the diffusion element corresponds to a first range, the size of which is determined based on at least one of the following: the light emission angle of the PGU, the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element, and the distance between the PGU and the diffusion element.

[0107] For example, the scattering range of the light beam corresponding to the target image on the diffuser element can also be referred to as the display range of the target image on the window, corresponding to the first range. The first range is related to the emission angle of the PGU, the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffuser element, and the distance between the PGU and the diffuser element. Specifically, the larger the emission angle of the PGU, the larger the first range. The farther the distance between the PGU and the diffuser element, the larger the first range. The larger the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffuser element, the larger the first range.

[0108] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the target image display range provided in an embodiment of this application, for example in... Figure 6 In (a), the diffusion element is a HOE membrane. The distance between the PGU and the HOE membrane is L1. Figure 6 In (b), the distance between PGU and the HOE membrane is L2, where L1 > L2. Figure 6 The first range S1 in (a) is greater than Figure 6 The first range S2 in (b). For example... Figure 6 In (a), the emission angle of PGU is α. Figure 6 In (c), the emission angle of the PGU is β, where β > α, therefore Figure 6 The first range S3 in (c) is greater than Figure 6 The first range S1 in (a). For example... Figure 6 In (a), the angle between PGU and the HOE membrane is A. Figure 6 In (d), the angle between the PGU and the HOE membrane is B, and A > B, therefore Figure 6 The first range S1 in (a) is greater than Figure 6 The first range S4 in (d).

[0109] Based on the above description, the distance and angle between the PGU and the diffuser element, as well as the light emission angle of the PGU, can be adjusted as needed to ensure that the target image is displayed within a preset first range on the vehicle window, thus guaranteeing the display effect of the target image.

[0110] Optionally, the diffuser element is located on the second side of the window, which is located behind the first side.

[0111] As described above, the first side of the window is located outside the target vehicle, and the second side is the back of the first side; therefore, the second side can be located inside the target vehicle. Alternatively, the second side can be located within the glass interlayer. Attaching the diffuser element to the second side can protect it from environmental damage. Of course, the diffuser element can also be located on the first side of the glass, and can be protected from environmental damage by using other objects to shield it or by applying anti-corrosion materials.

[0112] Optionally, the windows are the front windshield, rear windshield, side windshields, and / or top windshield of the target vehicle.

[0113] As described above, the diffusion element is located on the window of the target vehicle. The window can be located at any position on the target vehicle, specifically one or more of the front windshield, rear windshield, side windshield, or roof windshield of the target vehicle, or it can be glass in other positions. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0114] When the diffuser element is located on different windows, the PGU (Power Distribution Unit) can also be located in different positions accordingly. For example, when the diffuser element is located on the windshield, the PGU can be installed on the dashboard, A-pillar, or roof, etc. When the diffuser element is located on the rear windshield, the PGU can be installed on the roof, rear seats, or behind the rear seats, etc. When the diffuser element is located on the side windows, the PGU can be installed on the doors, or roof, etc.

[0115] As described above, the beam of light generating the target image from the PGU is scattered by a diffusion element to display the target image on the outside of the target vehicle's windows. The target image can be used to display a variety of content, which may or may not be related to the target vehicle.

[0116] Optionally, the target image is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0117] The first piece of information is related to the driving mode of the target vehicle.

[0118] The second piece of information is related to the driving status of the target vehicle.

[0119] The third piece of information is related to the information collected by the camera on the target vehicle.

[0120] The fourth information is used by the target vehicle to issue an alarm or request for help.

[0121] The fifth information is used for communication and interaction between the target vehicle and other vehicles.

[0122] The sixth piece of information can be either targeted or non-targeted information.

[0123] The description focuses on the target vehicle. The target vehicle's driving mode can include intelligent driving mode, semi-intelligent driving mode, or manual driving mode. Its driving status includes braking, high-speed driving, turning, and overtaking. Relevant information collected by the target vehicle's cameras includes road construction information, traffic congestion information, icy road conditions, and rear-end collision information. The target vehicle issues warnings or requests for assistance, such as "Serious vehicle collision, please call the police" or "Unresponsive occupants, please call the police." The target vehicle communicates and interacts with other vehicles, such as "I'm overtaking on the right, please be careful," or "What's causing the traffic jam ahead? Is there an accident?" Targeted information displays information to specific individuals or groups, such as showing a user a ride-hailing order so they can confirm the vehicle they requested. Non-targeted information displays information not intended for specific individuals or groups, such as advertisements, promotions, or personal works.

[0124] Different information can be displayed on the windshields at different locations on the target vehicle. For example, the front windshield and rear windshield can be used to display first, second, third, or fourth information, while the top windshield can be used to display the fourth information. The side windshields or the top windshield can be used to display a sixth information.

[0125] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the display of a target image on a target vehicle as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown in (a), "Intelligent Driving Navigation in Progress" is displayed on the windshield of the target vehicle to indicate that it is currently in intelligent driving mode; or as shown in (a). Figure 7 As shown in (b), "Overtake from the left" can also be displayed on the rear windshield of the target vehicle to indicate the current driving intention.

[0126] The above examples are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the implementation of the embodiments in this application.

[0127] Optionally, the display device further includes a controller for determining the target image.

[0128] As described above, the beam projected by the PGU is for displaying a target image. Before the PGU projects the target image, the specific content of the target image can be determined by a controller. The controller can be part of the display device or located outside of it, such as in an in-vehicle terminal or user equipment. Specifically, the controller can determine the content of the target image based on the current operating status of the vehicle, user operation commands, camera captures, etc. Alternatively, the controller can obtain multiple target images from other devices and determine the final target image to be projected by the PGU. The controller then sends the target image to the PGU, which projects the beam of the target image.

[0129] This application discloses a method for displaying different target images on windows at different locations on a target vehicle to indicate different information. This process adapts different information to different window locations based on the varying importance of the information and the likelihood of the windows being viewed by external observers, thereby maximizing the probability of the information being viewed and received by external observers. In other words, it improves the display efficiency of the target images.

[0130] See also Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a display method provided in an embodiment of this application. The display method is applied to a control device connected to the display device in the aforementioned embodiment. The control device can be located within or outside the display device. The display device includes a diffusion element and an image generation unit (PGU), with the diffusion element located on the window of the target vehicle. The method includes:

[0131] 201. The controller determines the target image.

[0132] 202. The controller sends the target image to the PGU, which then projects the beam corresponding to the target image.

[0133] The diffuser element is used to receive the light beam corresponding to the target image and scatter the light beam corresponding to the target image toward the first side of the window so that the target image is displayed on the first side of the window, which is located outside the target vehicle.

[0134] For a description of the target vehicle and the diffusion element, please refer to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0135] The control device can be an independent controller corresponding to the display device, or a controller shared by the display device and the target vehicle. Alternatively, the control device can be an independent controller for the target vehicle or user equipment. This application does not limit the location and function of the control device.

[0136] The control device determines the target image by acquiring information from the target vehicle, including its operational status parameters, user commands, and camera footage. Alternatively, the control device can acquire multiple target images (e.g., advertisements, promotional content) from other user devices or servers, then determine the final target image to be displayed in a specific order. These target images are then sent to the PGU for beam projection in that order.

[0137] Optionally, the wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the holographic grating structure on the diffusion element.

[0138] Optionally, the wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the holographic grating structure on the diffusion element and the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element.

[0139] In this embodiment, the first wavelength range of the beam corresponding to the target image can be determined based on the structure of the diffuser element, or further based on the angle between the beam corresponding to the target image and the diffuser element. Therefore, the controller can first obtain the structure of the diffuser element, or further obtain relevant parameters such as the angle between the beam corresponding to the target image and the diffuser element, to determine the first wavelength range of the beam corresponding to the target image. Then, it instructs the PGU to project the beam of the target image according to this first wavelength range, so that the target image can be scattered by the diffuser element and successfully displayed.

[0140] Optionally, the target image is used to indicate at least one of the following: first information, which is related to the driving mode of the target vehicle; second information, which is related to the driving status of the target vehicle; third information, which is related to the information collected by the camera of the target vehicle; fourth information, which is used by the target vehicle to issue an alarm or request for help; fifth information, which is used by the target vehicle to communicate and interact with other vehicles; and sixth information, which is non-directional display information.

[0141] As described in the foregoing embodiments, the target image can be used to indicate various types of information, specifically the first to sixth information mentioned above. Furthermore, different target images corresponding to different information can be displayed on windows at different locations on the target vehicle to achieve maximum display efficiency. For the controller, it can first determine the location of the window (empty window) where the target image can be displayed, then acquire the corresponding target image and send it to the PGU for projection. For example, when the controller determines that the empty window is a side windshield, it acquires the target image corresponding to the sixth information and sends that target image to the PGU for projection.

[0142] As can be seen from the method provided in this application embodiment, the control device determines the target image based on various information, and then sends the target image to the PGU in the display device, so that the PGU projects the beam of the target image onto the diffusion element in the display device, causing the diffusion element to scatter the beam to the outside of the target vehicle and display the target image. This process ensures that each target image can be projected based on an appropriate wavelength, or ensures that the target image is displayed on an appropriate window, thus ensuring overall display efficiency.

[0143] Further reading is available. Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. This communication device can be used to execute the methods performed by the control device in the foregoing embodiments. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the communication device includes a processing module 1501 and a transceiver module 1502. The processing module 1501 may be one or more processors, and the transceiver module 1502 may be a transceiver or a communication interface. This electronic device can be used to implement the functions of the electronic device involved in any of the above method embodiments. These devices may be hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). Optionally, the electronic device may also include a storage module 1503 for storing the program code and data of the electronic device.

[0144] The processing module 1501 can be used to implement the aforementioned Figure 8 The transceiver module 1502 can be used to implement the aforementioned control device processing functions. Figure 8 The sending and receiving functions of the control equipment.

[0145] Specifically, the processing module 1501 is used to determine the target image;

[0146] The transceiver module 1502 is used to send the target image to the PGU, and the PGU is used to project the beam corresponding to the target image;

[0147] The diffusion element is used to receive the light beam corresponding to the target image and scatter the light beam corresponding to the target image toward the first side of the window so that the target image is displayed on the first side of the window, which is located outside the target vehicle.

[0148] In one feasible implementation, the wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the holographic grating structure on the diffusion element.

[0149] In one feasible implementation, the wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the holographic grating structure on the diffusion element and the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element.

[0150] In one feasible implementation, the target image is used to indicate at least one of the following: first information, which is related to the driving mode of the target vehicle; second information, which is related to the driving status of the target vehicle; third information, which is related to information collected by the camera of the target vehicle; fourth information, which is used by the target vehicle to issue an alarm or request for help; fifth information, which is used by the target vehicle to communicate and interact with other vehicles; and sixth information, which is non-directional display information.

[0151] The processing module 1501 may be a processor that can execute computer execution instructions stored in the storage module to cause the chip to perform the methods involved in any of the above embodiments.

[0152] Furthermore, a processor may include a controller, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), and registers. For example, the controller is primarily responsible for instruction decoding and issuing control signals for the operations corresponding to the instructions. The ALU is primarily responsible for performing fixed-point or floating-point arithmetic operations, shift operations, and logical operations, and can also perform address operations and translations. Registers are primarily responsible for storing register operands and intermediate operation results temporarily stored during instruction execution. In specific implementations, the processor's hardware architecture can be an ASIC architecture, a microprocessor without interlocked piped stages architecture (MIPS), an advanced reduced instruction set machine (RISC) machine (ARM) architecture, or a network processor (NP) architecture, etc. The processor can be single-core or multi-core.

[0153] The storage module can be an internal storage module of the chip, such as a register or cache. Alternatively, the storage module can be an external storage module, such as ROM or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, such as RAM.

[0154] It should be noted that the functions of the processor and interface can be implemented through hardware design, software design, or a combination of both; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0155] Furthermore, it should be noted that the aforementioned transceiver unit and / or processing unit can be implemented through virtual modules. For example, the processing unit can be implemented through software functional units or virtual devices, and the transceiver unit can be implemented through software functions or virtual devices. Alternatively, the processing unit or transceiver unit can also be implemented through physical devices. For example, if the device is implemented using a chip / chip circuit, the transceiver unit can be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface, performing input operations (corresponding to the aforementioned receiving operation) and output operations (corresponding to the aforementioned sending operation); the processing unit is an integrated processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit.

[0156] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device 1600 may include one or more of the following components: a processor 1601, a memory 1602, and a communication interface 1603. The processor 1601, the memory 1602, and the communication interface 1603 are interconnected and perform communication between them. The memory 1602 may store one or more computer programs, which may be configured to implement the methods described in the above embodiments when executed by one or more processors 1601.

[0157] Processor 1601 may include one or more processing cores. Processor 1601 connects to various parts within the electronic device 1600 using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions and processes data of the electronic device 1600 by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in memory 1602, and by calling data stored in memory 1602. Optionally, processor 1601 may be implemented using at least one hardware form of Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). Processor 1601 may integrate one or more of a Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), and modem. It is understood that the aforementioned modem may also not be integrated into processor 1601, but may be implemented separately through a communication chip.

[0158] The memory 1602 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1602 can be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 1602 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function (such as touch functionality, sound playback functionality, image playback functionality, etc.), and instructions for implementing the various method embodiments described above. The data storage area may also store data created by the electronic device 1600 during use.

[0159] It is understood that the electronic device 1600 may include more or fewer structural elements than those shown in the above block diagram.

[0160] This application provides a communication system, which includes the control device (electronic device) and display device described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0161] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed, cause the computer to perform any method as described in the electronic device.

[0162] This application provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code. When the computer program code is run, it causes the computer to perform any method as described above by the electronic device.

[0163] This application provides a chip coupled to a memory for reading and executing program instructions in the memory, so that the device containing the chip can implement any method performed by the aforementioned electronic device.

[0164] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. Parts not described in detail in a particular embodiment can be found in the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0165] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of the units described above is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0166] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0167] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes a diffusion element and an image generation unit (PGU), wherein the diffusion element is located on the window of the target vehicle. The PGU is used to project a beam of light corresponding to the target image; The diffusion element is used to receive the light beam corresponding to the target image and scatter the light beam corresponding to the target image toward the first side of the window so that the target image is displayed on the first side of the window, the first side of the window being located outside the target vehicle.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PGU corresponds to a fixed position.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PGU corresponds to a variable position.

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the structure of the diffusion element.

5. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the structure of the diffusion element and the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element.

6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The scattering range of the light beam corresponding to the target image on the diffusion element corresponds to a first range, the size of which is determined based on at least one of the following: the light emission angle of the PGU, the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element, and the distance between the PGU and the diffusion element.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The diffusion element is located on the second side of the window, which is located behind the first side.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The diffusion element includes at least one of holographic optical elements (HOE film), embossed grating, metasurface, or photonic sieve.

9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The PGU is located inside the target vehicle.

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The PGU is a silicon-based liquid crystal (LCoS) image generation device; or... The PGU includes an image generating device and a polarization filter, the polarization filter being used to convert the polarization state of the light beam emitted from the image generating device into a P-polarization state; or, The PGU includes an image generating device and a waveplate, the waveplate being used to convert the polarization state of the light beam emitted by the image generating device into a P-polarization state.

11. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The windows are the front windshield, rear windshield, side windshields, and / or top windshield of the target vehicle.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The target image is used to indicate at least one of the following: First information, which is related to the driving mode of the target vehicle; The second information is related to the driving status of the target vehicle; The third piece of information is related to the information collected by the camera of the target vehicle; The fourth information is used by the target vehicle to issue an alarm or request for help; The fifth information is used by the target vehicle to communicate and interact with other vehicles. The sixth piece of information is non-directional display information.

13. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The display device further includes a controller for determining the target image.

14. A display method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a control device connected to a display device, the display device including a holographic optical element diffusion element and an image generation unit (PGU), the diffusion element being located on a window of a target vehicle, the method comprising: Identify the target image; The target image is sent to the PGU, which is used to project a beam of light corresponding to the target image; The diffusion element is used to receive the light beam corresponding to the target image and scatter the light beam corresponding to the target image toward the first side of the window so that the target image is displayed on the first side of the window, the first side of the window being located outside the target vehicle.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the holographic grating structure on the diffusion element.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The wavelength of the light beam corresponding to the target image is within a first wavelength range, which is determined based on the holographic grating structure on the diffusion element and the angle between the light beam corresponding to the target image and the diffusion element.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14-16, characterized in that, The target image is used to indicate at least one of the following: First information, which is related to the driving mode of the target vehicle; The second information is related to the driving status of the target vehicle; The third piece of information is related to the information collected by the camera of the target vehicle; The fourth information is used by the target vehicle to issue an alarm or request for help; The fifth information is used by the target vehicle to communicate and interact with other vehicles. The sixth piece of information is non-directional display information.

18. A cockpit, characterized in that, The cockpit includes a display device as described in any one of claims 1-13, or further includes a control device as described in any one of claims 14-17.

19. A means of transportation, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a display device as described in any one of claims 1-13, or further includes a control device as described in any one of claims 14-17.

20. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it causes the electronic device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 14 to 17.

21. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or computer instructions that are executed by a processor to perform the system functions according to any one of claims 1 to 13; or, the computer program or computer instructions are executed by a processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 14 to 17.

22. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is executed by a processor, the system function described in any one of claims 1 to 13 will be implemented; or, when the computer program product is executed by a processor, the method described in any one of claims 14 to 17 will be implemented.

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