Programmable caustic display device and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of optical elements, and discloses a programmable caustic display device and method. The device comprises: a light source module, a control module, a spatial light modulation module and a projection module. The control module is used for acquiring a target image and generating corresponding phase control information according to the target image. The spatial light modulation module is arranged on a propagation light path of an illumination light beam and is in communication connection with the control module, and is used for performing spatial phase modulation on the illumination light beam according to the phase control information to change the spatial energy distribution of the light beam. The projection module is arranged on an exit light path of the spatial light modulation module and is used for receiving the light beam after spatial phase modulation. The application uses the spatial light modulation module to perform real-time phase modulation on the illumination light beam, realizes dynamic generation and update of a caustic image, keeps high light energy utilization rate of caustic display, switches display content without replacing fixed caustic elements, and is suitable for application scenarios such as HUD and other application scenarios requiring real-time display of dynamic information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical element technology, and specifically discloses a programmable caustic display device and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of smart cockpits, augmented reality, and head-up display (HUD) technologies, display methods that use optical projection to display images on the windshield or hub have become widely used. Existing HUD systems primarily use liquid crystal displays, digital micromirror devices (DLP), or organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) as image sources, with the image displayed via a projection optical system. These solutions generally rely on amplitude modulation or pixel emission to form images, resulting in problems such as low light energy utilization, large optical system size, and limited brightness. Furthermore, the display quality tends to degrade under strong ambient light conditions.

[0003] On the other hand, caustic imaging technology redistributes the direction of light propagation through a transparent medium to form a target image on the projection surface, resulting in high light energy utilization efficiency. However, existing caustic display solutions typically use pre-fabricated fixed optical elements, whose corresponding caustic images are determined after manufacturing. This only allows for the formation of a single fixed image and cannot switch the display content in real time according to display requirements, thus making it difficult to meet the dynamic display needs of navigation information, vehicle speed information, and warning information in HUD scenarios.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a programmable caustic display device that can realize real-time updates of caustic images, while maintaining high light energy utilization of caustic display and achieving dynamic switching of target images, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a programmable caustic display device and method to solve the above problems.

[0006] The specific implementation of this invention is as follows: A programmable caustic display device, comprising: The light source module is used to output the illumination beam; The control module is used to acquire the target image and generate corresponding phase control information based on the target image; The spatial light modulation module is placed in the propagation optical path of the illumination beam and is communicatively connected to the control module. It is used to perform spatial phase modulation on the illumination beam according to the phase control information to change the spatial energy distribution of the beam. The projection module is located on the outgoing light path of the spatial light modulation module. It is used to receive the light beam after spatial phase modulation and to make the light beam propagate in free space to form a caustic image with preset light energy distribution characteristics on the projection surface, which corresponds to the target image.

[0007] As an alternative, the spatial light modulation module includes a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, which adopts at least one of a reflective structure and a transmissive structure; It also includes a collimation component disposed between the light source module and the spatial light modulation module; The projection module includes a collimation component and a projection component. When the liquid crystal spatial light modulator adopts a reflective structure, the projection module also includes a polarization beam splitting component.

[0008] As an alternative, the light source module includes multiple sub-light sources for outputting illumination beams of different wavelengths; The control module generates phase control information corresponding to different wavelengths and controls the spatial light modulation module to load each phase control information according to a preset timing sequence, so that different wavelengths form corresponding caustic images and are combined into a color caustic image.

[0009] As an optional approach, the control module is configured to establish a mapping relationship between the target light energy distribution and each modulation unit of the spatial light modulation module based on the target image, and generate phase control information corresponding to each modulation unit based on the mapping relationship.

[0010] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a programmable caustic display method, applied to the above-mentioned programmable caustic display device, comprising: Acquire the target image; Based on the light propagation model between the spatial light modulation module and the projection surface, and the target light energy distribution corresponding to the target image, flux conservation constraints are established. Based on the flux conservation constraint, the phase control information of the corresponding target image is calculated through differentiable rendering and iterative optimization algorithms; The spatial light modulation module controls the spatial phase modulation of the illumination beam based on phase control information to change the spatial energy distribution of the illumination beam. The phase-modulated light beam propagates to the projection surface, forming a caustic image on the projection surface that corresponds to the target image.

[0011] As an optional approach, the process of establishing the light propagation model includes: determining the spatial emission direction of the light rays modulated by each modulation unit based on the phase gradient corresponding to each modulation unit of the spatial light modulation module; Establishing flux conservation constraints includes: establishing a flux conservation mapping between incident light flux and target light flux, such that the incident light flux passing through a specific region of the spatial light modulation module is equal to the target light flux of the corresponding illuminated region on the projection surface.

[0012] As an optional approach, the phase control information of the corresponding target image is calculated using differentiable rendering and iterative optimization algorithms, including establishing an evaluation model containing multiple constraint terms. The evaluation model includes: The error term between the predicted caustic image and the target image, the phase smoothing term used to constrain the hardware implementation of the spatial light modulation module, and the light overflow penalty term; The gradient is calculated by automatic differentiation, and the current phase control information is iteratively optimized using the gradient descent method until the predicted caustic image meets the preset optimization conditions. Output optimized phase control information.

[0013] As an alternative approach, when the light source module is an extended light source, the extended light source is discretized into multiple sub-light sources, the caustic distribution corresponding to each sub-light source is calculated, and the caustic distributions are superimposed to generate the target caustic image corresponding to the phase control information.

[0014] As an alternative approach, the phase control information can be divided into multiple local modulation regions; When the target image changes, only the local modulation region corresponding to the changed area of ​​the target image is recalculated, and the spatial light modulation module is controlled to update the phase control information of the corresponding local modulation region to form an updated caustic image.

[0015] As an optional approach, the phase control information includes the phase delay value corresponding to each modulation unit of the spatial light modulation module, and the spatial light modulation module performs continuous spatial phase modulation on the incident beam based on the phase delay value of each modulation unit.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes a spatial light modulation module to perform real-time phase modulation on the illumination beam, enabling dynamic generation and updating of caustic images. While maintaining high light energy utilization in caustic displays, the display content can be switched without replacing fixed caustic elements, making it suitable for applications such as HUDs that require real-time display of dynamic information. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the programmable caustic display device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the caustic formation principle of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of the present invention to enable the reader to better understand the present invention. However, the technical solutions claimed in the present invention can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a programmable caustic display device, which can be applied to vehicle head-up display (HUD) systems, as well as augmented reality displays, transparent displays, and other display scenarios requiring dynamic caustic imaging. This embodiment uses a vehicle HUD system as an example for illustration.

[0020] The programmable caustic display device includes a light source module, a collimation component, a spatial light modulation module, a projection module, and a control module.

[0021] The light source module is used to provide the illumination beam. In this embodiment, a monochromatic laser is preferably used in the light source module to obtain an illumination beam with high spatial coherence. Of course, in other embodiments, narrowband light-emitting diodes, semiconductor laser arrays, or other illumination sources that can meet the requirements of caustic displays can also be used.

[0022] The illumination beam output from the light source module is first shaped by a collimating component to convert the divergent beam into a collimated beam, thereby improving the consistency of subsequent spatial phase modulation. The collimating component may include one or more lenses, or it may include a reflective collimating optical system. Its specific structure can be designed according to the actual optical path, and this invention does not limit it.

[0023] The collimated beam is incident on the spatial light modulation module. The spatial light modulation module preferably employs a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LC-SLM, hereinafter referred to as SLM), which consists of multiple modulation units capable of independently controlling phase delay. The control module sends phase control information to the spatial light modulation module, and each modulation unit changes the phase distribution of the incident beam after passing through that modulation unit according to the corresponding phase control information, thereby achieving spatial reconstruction of the entire beam wavefront. Because different modulation units introduce different phase delays, the beam output from the spatial light modulation module has a spatially varying wavefront distribution, and during free propagation, light energy is redistributed, thus forming a caustic image corresponding to the target image.

[0024] In this embodiment, the spatial light modulation module is used to spatially phase modulate the incident illumination beam and convert the phase control information generated by the control module into the phase delay of the corresponding pixel unit, thereby achieving modulation of the incident light wavefront. It should be noted that, to ensure the effective formation of the caustic image and the integrity of the phase modulation, the spatial light modulation module should have continuous phase modulation capability.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the phase modulation depth of the spatial light modulation module is not less than one complete phase period to ensure that it can cover a phase modulation range of at least 2π, thereby meeting the requirement of fully modulating the incident light wavefront and enabling the modulated light field to form a caustic distribution corresponding to the target image during propagation.

[0026] It should also be noted that the spatial light modulation module in this embodiment can be either a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator or a transmissive liquid crystal spatial light modulator. When a reflective structure is used, a polarization beam splitting component can also be set in the optical path to separate the incident beam and the reflected beam; when a transmissive structure is used, beam transmission modulation can be directly completed. Both structures are within the protection scope of this invention.

[0027] The control module can consist of a processor, a memory, and a control circuit. It acquires the target image to be displayed, generates corresponding phase control information based on the target image, and then sends the phase control information to the spatial light modulation module to achieve spatial phase modulation. It should be noted that the phase control information can be generated using any method capable of establishing a mapping relationship between the target image and the spatial phase; this invention does not limit this method.

[0028] In this embodiment, the control module can be implemented by an on-board controller, an image processing unit, or an independent computing platform. The target image it acquires may include navigation information, vehicle status information, driving assistance information, warning information, or other image content that needs to be displayed, and can be updated in real time with the vehicle's operating status.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the projection module is positioned in the outgoing light path of the spatial light modulation module to receive the spatially phase-modulated light beam and project it onto a preset projection surface. In this embodiment, the projection module may include one or more projection lenses for imaging and magnifying the modulated light field, allowing the modulated light beam to gradually redistribute its spatial energy during propagation and ultimately form a corresponding caustic image on the projection surface. The focal length, aperture size, and projection distance of the projection module can be adjusted according to actual display requirements, and this invention does not limit these adjustments.

[0030] Unlike traditional display methods that rely on pixel emission or amplitude blocking, this embodiment modulates the phase of the incident light beam using a spatial light modulation module. This causes the beam to refocus during propagation according to a preset pattern, thereby forming a caustic image corresponding to the target image on the projection surface. Therefore, the image information is not directly output from the display panel but is actually formed through the spatial energy redistribution during beam propagation, effectively improving light energy utilization.

[0031] Please see Figure 2In HUD applications, the projection surface can be a virtual image plane formed by a windshield, a combiner, or other transparent optical media. A spatially phase-modulated light beam is projected onto the windshield through the projection module, reflected by the windshield, and enters the driver's field of vision, allowing the driver to observe virtual image information suspended in front of the vehicle. The target image can be a navigation route, vehicle speed, driving assistance prompts, traffic sign recognition results, collision warning information, or other in-vehicle display content.

[0032] Because the control module can update the phase control information in real time, the spatial light modulation module can synchronously change the corresponding spatial phase distribution, allowing the projected caustic image to change in real time with the target image without replacing any fixed optical elements. Compared to display schemes using fixed caustic elements, this invention can meet the application requirements of continuous refresh and dynamic display in HUD systems.

[0033] It should be noted that the target image described in this embodiment can be two-dimensional information such as text, numbers, and icons, or it can be a composite image formed by combining multiple graphic elements; it can be a static image or a continuously changing video frame. The control module generates corresponding phase control information based on different target images and drives the spatial light modulation module to complete the corresponding spatial phase modulation, thereby forming a corresponding caustic image on the projection surface.

[0034] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a programmable caustic display method, which is applied to the above-mentioned programmable caustic display device and includes the following steps: S1, the control module acquires the target image to be displayed. The target image can originate from an in-vehicle navigation system, driver assistance system, vehicle control system, human-machine interface system, or other image data sources, or it can be sent to the control module by an external device. After receiving the target image, the control module enters the phase control information generation stage.

[0035] S2, after acquiring the target image, the control module first establishes a light propagation model based on the relative positional relationship between the spatial light modulation module and the projection surface. This light propagation model describes the correspondence between the output light field of the spatial light modulation module and the caustic image of the projection surface, and serves as the computational basis for solving the phase control information. During the establishment of the light propagation model, the control module determines the spatial emission direction of the light rays modulated by each modulation unit based on the phase gradient corresponding to each modulation unit of the spatial light modulation module.

[0036] Specifically, when the incident collimated beam passes through a specific pixel unit with coordinates (i,j) in the spatial light modulation module, the deflection direction of its outgoing light in the orthogonal spatial coordinate system is determined by the phase gradient of that pixel unit, and its mathematical expression satisfies: ; ; Where λ is the wavelength of the illumination beam, φij is the phase delay of the corresponding modulation unit, and θx and θy represent the exit angles of the light in the two coordinate directions, respectively. The light propagation path is established based on the correspondence between each modulation unit and the projection surface, thus obtaining the light propagation model between the spatial light modulation module and the projection surface.

[0037] Based on the established light propagation model, the control module establishes flux conservation constraints according to the target light energy distribution corresponding to the target image. Specifically, it establishes a flux conservation mapping between the incident light flux and the target light flux. ; ( I_target This represents the distribution of light intensity on the projected surface. I_incident This indicates the incident light intensity in the region corresponding to the spatial light modulation module. ΔS This represents the area corresponding to the projected plane. ΔA This represents the area of ​​the modulation region corresponding to the spatial light modulation module. This ensures that the incident light flux passing through a specific area of ​​the spatial light modulation module is consistent with the target light flux in the corresponding illuminated area of ​​the projection surface, thereby guaranteeing that the light beam can be redistributed according to the light energy distribution corresponding to the target image during propagation, providing constraints for the formation of the target caustic image.

[0038] Subsequently, based on the light propagation model and flux conservation constraints, the control module calculates the phase control information of the corresponding target image using differentiable rendering and iterative optimization algorithms. Specifically, the control module establishes an evaluation model to assess the quality of the current phase control information. This model measures the degree of matching between the predicted caustic image generated by the current phase control information and the target image, while also taking into account the hardware implementation constraints of the spatial light modulation module and the light energy distribution constraints in non-target regions.

[0039] As an optional approach, the evaluation model in this embodiment includes at least the following three items: The error term between the predicted caustic image and the target image is used to characterize the matching deviation between the predicted caustic image generated by the current phase control information and the target image; The phase smoothing term is used to constrain the phase continuity between adjacent modulation units in the spatial light modulation module, so as to improve the hardware feasibility of phase control information. The light spillover penalty term is used to constrain the degree of light energy leakage in non-target areas in order to suppress the energy diffusion of caustic images in non-target areas.

[0040] The evaluation model can be described using the following loss function: ; The first term is used to constrain the error between the predicted caustic image and the target image; the second term is a phase smoothing term, which is used to improve the feasibility of the spatial light modulation module; and the third term is a light overflow penalty term, which is used to suppress light energy leakage in non-target areas.

[0041] Therefore, the evaluation model in this embodiment comprehensively considers factors such as the error between the predicted caustic image and the target image, the phase smoothing constraint corresponding to the hardware implementation of the spatial light modulation module, and the light overflow constraint, so as to comprehensively evaluate the display quality and actual feasibility of the caustic image corresponding to the current phase control information.

[0042] Based on this, the control module constructs an optimization target according to the evaluation model, and uses automatic differentiation to calculate the gradient information of the evaluation model with respect to the current phase control information. Then, it continuously updates the current phase control information using the gradient descent method, so that the predicted caustic image gradually approaches the target image. When the predicted caustic image meets the preset optimization conditions, it outputs the optimized phase control information, which serves as the driving basis for the spatial light modulation module to control each modulation unit to generate the corresponding phase delay, thereby realizing the spatial phase modulation of the illumination beam.

[0043] It should be noted that the differentiable rendering and iterative optimization algorithm in this embodiment is not limited to the above implementation method. Other optimization algorithms that can establish a light propagation model, satisfy flux conservation constraints, and complete the optimization solution of phase control information can also be used. This embodiment does not limit this. As long as the corresponding phase control information can be generated based on the target image and the spatial light modulation module can be driven to form the corresponding caustic image, it is acceptable.

[0044] It should be noted that the phase control information can be generated by looking up a table, or by model calculation, numerical optimization, machine learning, or other methods that can establish a mapping relationship between the target image and the phase distribution. This invention does not limit this, as long as it can output control information for driving the spatial light modulation module to perform spatial phase modulation.

[0045] S3, the control spatial light modulation module modulates the illumination beam spatially according to the phase control information. The control module sends the generated phase control information to the spatial light modulation module, and each modulation unit generates a different phase delay according to the corresponding control information, so that the incident beam obtains a preset spatial phase distribution and forms a corresponding modulated light field.

[0046] S4, the beam modulated by the spatial light modulation module continues to propagate along the preset optical path. Due to the different phase delays of the beam at different positions, the light gradually undergoes spatial redistribution during propagation, eventually forming a corresponding caustic image on the projection surface. The phase control information generated by the control module corresponds one-to-one with the target image, so the formed caustic image can accurately reflect the display content of the target image. When the control module updates the phase control information, the spatial light modulation module synchronously completes the new spatial phase modulation, and the caustic image on the projection surface is updated accordingly, thereby realizing dynamic image display.

[0047] S5 outputs the caustic image. In HUD applications, the caustic image formed on the projection surface is reflected by the windshield to form a virtual image observable by the driver. Since the caustic image originates from the spatial energy redistribution during beam propagation, image formation can be completed without amplitude obstruction during the entire display process, which is beneficial to improving light energy utilization efficiency. Simultaneously, the control module can continuously update the target image according to the vehicle's operating status, enabling real-time display of navigation information, vehicle status information, and driver assistance information.

[0048] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the process of the control module generating phase control information includes establishing a spatial light propagation model and determining the phase control information of each modulation unit of the spatial light modulation module based on the target light energy distribution corresponding to the target image.

[0049] Specifically, the control module first establishes a light propagation model based on the geometric positional relationship between the spatial light modulation module and the projection surface, and determines the target light energy distribution on the projection surface based on the target image. On this basis, the control module analyzes the influence of each modulation unit on the light energy distribution in different regions of the projection surface according to the light propagation model, thereby establishing a mapping relationship between the spatial light modulation module and the target light energy distribution, and generating corresponding phase control information accordingly.

[0050] Furthermore, to improve the quality of the caustic image, the control module can optimize the initial phase control information. Specifically, it calculates the corresponding predicted caustic image based on the current phase control information, compares the predicted caustic image with the target image, adjusts the phase control information according to the difference between the two, and then regenerates the predicted caustic image. This process is iterated until the predicted caustic image meets the preset conditions, at which point the final phase control information is output.

[0051] The preset condition can be that the error between the predicted caustic image and the target image is lower than a preset threshold, or it can be that a preset number of iterations or other termination conditions have been reached; this invention does not limit this. Using the above method can further improve the consistency between the caustic image and the target image, thereby improving display quality.

[0052] In another embodiment, when using an extended light source for illumination, the extended light source can be discretized into multiple sub-light sources, and a light propagation model corresponding to each sub-light source can be established. The control module calculates the caustic distribution formed by each sub-light source, and then superimposes the multiple caustic distributions to obtain the target caustic image corresponding to the extended light source, and generates phase control information accordingly. This method reduces the impact of the extended light source on the caustic image quality and improves the system's adaptability to different types of light sources.

[0053] Furthermore, when the target image changes, the control module does not need to recalculate all the phase control information corresponding to the entire target image. Instead, it first identifies the area of ​​the target image that has changed and determines the local modulation area corresponding to the changed area. It only recalculates the phase control information corresponding to the local modulation area and then updates it to the spatial light modulation module. Since the phase control information of the unchanged areas remains unchanged, the amount of computation can be reduced, the image update time can be shortened, and the dynamic display efficiency can be improved. This is especially suitable for continuously displaying real-time changing content such as navigation, vehicle speed, and driving assistance information in HUD scenarios.

[0054] In another embodiment, when a color caustic image needs to be displayed, the light source module may include multiple sub-light sources that output beams of different wavelengths. The control module generates phase control information corresponding to different wavelengths and controls the spatial light modulation module to load the corresponding phase control information sequentially according to a preset timing sequence, so that different wavelengths form corresponding caustic images, and the color image is displayed by utilizing the persistence of vision effect. The above embodiments are also applicable to the color information display requirements of HUD systems. The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the method section. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A programmable caustic display device, characterized in that, include: The light source module is used to output the illumination beam; The control module is used to acquire the target image and generate corresponding phase control information based on the target image; A spatial light modulation module is disposed on the propagation optical path of the illumination beam and is communicatively connected to the control module. It is used to perform spatial phase modulation on the illumination beam according to the phase control information to change the spatial energy distribution of the beam. The projection module is disposed on the outgoing light path of the spatial light modulation module, and is used to receive the light beam after spatial phase modulation, and to make the light beam propagate in free space to form a caustic image corresponding to the target image on the projection surface.

2. The programmable caustic display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatial light modulation module includes a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, which adopts at least one of a reflective structure and a transmissive structure. The device further includes a collimation component disposed between the light source module and the spatial light modulation module; the projection module includes a collimation component and a projection component, and when the liquid crystal spatial light modulator adopts a reflective structure, the projection module further includes a polarization beam splitting component.

3. The programmable caustic display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source module includes multiple sub-light sources for outputting illumination beams of different wavelengths; The control module generates phase control information corresponding to different wavelengths and controls the spatial light modulation module to load each phase control information according to a preset timing sequence, so that different wavelengths form corresponding caustic images and are synthesized into a color caustic image.

4. The programmable caustic display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is configured to establish a mapping relationship between the target light energy distribution and each modulation unit of the spatial light modulation module based on the target image, and generate phase control information corresponding to each modulation unit based on the mapping relationship.

5. A programmable caustic display method, characterized in that, The programmable caustic display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises: Acquire the target image; Based on the light propagation model between the spatial light modulation module and the projection surface, and the target light energy distribution corresponding to the target image, flux conservation constraints are established. Based on the flux conservation constraint, the phase control information of the target image is calculated using differentiable rendering and iterative optimization algorithms. The spatial light modulation module controls the spatial phase modulation of the illumination beam according to the phase control information, so as to change the spatial energy distribution of the illumination beam; The phase-modulated light beam is propagated to the projection surface, forming a caustic image corresponding to the target image on the projection surface.

6. The programmable caustic display method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of establishing the light propagation model includes: determining the spatial emission direction of the light rays modulated by each modulation unit based on the phase gradient corresponding to each modulation unit of the spatial light modulation module; The establishment of flux conservation constraints includes: establishing a flux conservation mapping between incident light flux and target light flux, such that the incident light flux passing through a specific region of the spatial light modulation module is equal to the target light flux of the corresponding illuminated region on the projection surface.

7. The programmable caustic display method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of calculating the phase control information corresponding to the target image through differentiable rendering and iterative optimization algorithms includes establishing an evaluation model containing multiple constraint terms, wherein the evaluation model includes: The error term between the predicted caustic image and the target image, the phase smoothing term used to constrain the hardware implementation of the spatial light modulation module, and the light overflow penalty term; The gradient is calculated by automatic differentiation, and the current phase control information is iteratively optimized using the gradient descent method until the predicted caustic image meets the preset optimization conditions. Output optimized phase control information.

8. The programmable caustic display method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the light source module is an extended light source, the extended light source is discretized into multiple sub-light sources, the caustic distribution corresponding to each sub-light source is calculated, and the caustic distributions are superimposed to generate the target caustic image corresponding to the phase control information.

9. The programmable caustic display method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The phase control information is divided into multiple local modulation regions; When the target image changes, only the local modulation region corresponding to the changed area of ​​the target image is recalculated, and the spatial light modulation module is controlled to update the phase control information of the corresponding local modulation region to form an updated caustic image.

10. The programmable caustic display method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The phase control information includes the phase delay value corresponding to each modulation unit of the spatial light modulation module. The spatial light modulation module performs continuous spatial phase modulation on the incident beam based on the phase delay value of each modulation unit.

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