Display module

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a display module. The display module of the present disclosure comprises: a display panel, a backlight source comprising a plurality of backlight sub-zones arranged along a first direction; a phase adjustment structure comprising: a plurality of phase adjustment layers arranged along the first direction, the size of the plurality of phase adjustment layers in the first direction being smaller than the size of the plurality of pixel rows in the first direction, the plurality of phase adjustment layers comprising a plurality of first phase adjustment layers and second phase adjustment layers arranged alternately in sequence, the optical axes of the first phase adjustment layers and the second phase adjustment layers being orthogonal, and the first phase adjustment layers and the second phase adjustment layers being capable of producing mutually orthogonal phase modulation on incident light; wherein the shielding size of the light shielding layer for at least part of the pixel rows in the first direction is different; and a backlight controller configured to drive the plurality of backlight sub-zones, so that the luminance of the backlight sub-zone corresponding to the pixel row with smaller effective size in the first direction is larger, and the luminance of the backlight sub-zone corresponding to the pixel row with larger effective size in the first direction is smaller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and more specifically to a display module. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of display technology, 3D display technology has been widely used in digital cinemas, home entertainment, and professional display fields due to its ability to provide a realistic visual experience with depth. Among the many 3D display solutions, polarized 3D display technology has become one of the mainstream technologies in the market due to its advantages such as flicker-free images, wide viewing angles, and lightweight and comfortable glasses.

[0003] Polarized 3D display technology is mainly based on the polarization characteristics of light. It outputs two images with parallax through the display panel and uses the principle of polarization beam splitting to allow the left and right eyes of the observer wearing polarized glasses to receive the corresponding images respectively, which are then fused in the human brain to form stereoscopic vision. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art by proposing a display module.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure provides a display module, comprising:

[0006] The display panel includes a plurality of pixel rows arranged along a first direction, the pixel rows include a plurality of pixels arranged along a second direction, the plurality of pixel rows include a plurality of first pixel row groups and a plurality of second pixel row groups arranged alternately in sequence, the first pixel row group includes at least one pixel row, and the second pixel row group includes at least one pixel row.

[0007] A backlight source is located on the backlight side of the display panel. The backlight source includes a plurality of backlight zones arranged along a first direction, and the backlight zones are used to provide light to at least one pixel row.

[0008] A phase adjustment structure is located on the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the phase adjustment structure includes:

[0009] A light-shielding layer having a plurality of receiving openings arranged along a first direction;

[0010] A plurality of phase adjustment layers are arranged along a first direction, the phase adjustment layers being located within the receiving opening. The size of the plurality of phase adjustment layers in the first direction is smaller than the size of the plurality of pixel rows in the first direction. The plurality of phase adjustment layers include a plurality of first phase adjustment layers and second phase adjustment layers arranged alternately in sequence. The orthographic projection of the first phase adjustment layer on the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel row in the first pixel row group on the reference plane. The reference plane is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the display module. The orthographic projection of the second phase adjustment layer on the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel row in the second pixel row group on the reference plane. The optical axes of the first phase adjustment layer and the second phase adjustment layer are orthogonal, enabling them to generate mutually orthogonal phase modulation of incident light.

[0011] Wherein, the light-shielding layer has different occlusion sizes for at least a portion of the pixel rows in the first direction;

[0012] The display module further includes a backlight controller electrically connected to the backlight source. The backlight controller is configured to drive the plurality of backlight zones such that the backlight zones corresponding to the pixel rows with smaller effective size in the first direction have higher brightness, and the backlight zones corresponding to the pixel rows with larger effective size in the first direction have lower brightness.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plurality of backlight zones include at least one reference backlight zone, wherein the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the reference backlight zone in the first direction is greater than the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the other backlight zones in the first direction.

[0014] Along the direction away from the reference backlight partition, the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition gradually decreases in the first direction;

[0015] The backlight controller is specifically configured to drive the plurality of backlight zones such that the brightness of the backlight zones gradually increases in a direction away from the reference backlight zone.

[0016] In some embodiments, the at least one reference backlight zone includes at least one first reference backlight zone;

[0017] The first reference backlight partition is blocked by the light-shielding layer in the first direction by a smaller size than the pixel row of other backlight partitions is blocked by the light-shielding layer in the first direction.

[0018] The effective size of the pixel row in the first direction is the size of the pixel row in the first direction after it is blocked by the light-shielding layer, along the normal direction of the display panel.

[0019] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows on the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers on the reference plane.

[0020] The interval region between two adjacent pixel rows includes the first interval region;

[0021] The interval region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers includes a second interval region;

[0022] The overlap area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first spacing region on the reference plane and the orthographic projection of the second spacing region on the reference plane is greater than the overlap area of ​​the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows on the reference plane and the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two corresponding adjacent phase adjustment layers on the reference plane.

[0023] Wherein, the orthographic projection of the first reference backlight partition on the reference plane is located on at least one side of the orthographic projection of the second interval region on the reference plane along the first direction.

[0024] In some embodiments, the central axis of the orthographic projection of the first interval region on the reference plane extending along a first direction coincides with the central axis of the orthographic projection of the second interval region on the reference plane extending along a first direction.

[0025] The at least one first reference backlight zone includes two adjacent first reference backlight zones, and the orthographic projection of the two adjacent first reference backlight zones on the reference plane is located on opposite sides of the orthographic projection of the second interval region on the reference plane along the first direction.

[0026] For a plurality of backlight zones located on the side of the first first reference backlight zone away from the second first reference backlight zone, the size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight zone blocked by the light-shielding layer in the first direction gradually increases along the direction away from the first first reference backlight zone.

[0027] For a plurality of backlight zones located on the side of the second first reference backlight zone away from the first first reference backlight zone, the size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight zone blocked by the light-shielding layer in the first direction gradually increases along the direction away from the second first reference backlight zone.

[0028] The backlight controller is specifically configured to control the plurality of backlight zones such that, along a direction away from the first first reference backlight zone, the brightness of the plurality of backlight zones located on the side of the first first reference backlight zone away from the second first reference backlight zone gradually increases, and, along a direction away from the second first reference backlight zone, the brightness of the plurality of backlight zones located on the side of the second first reference backlight zone away from the first first reference backlight zone gradually increases.

[0029] In some embodiments, the backlight partition corresponds to multiple pixel rows;

[0030] For multiple pixel rows corresponding to the same backlight partition, the size of the pixel row blocked by the light-shielding layer in the first direction gradually increases along the direction away from the corresponding first reference backlight partition.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first reference backlight partition is either the first backlight partition or the last backlight partition arranged along a first direction.

[0032] In some embodiments, the at least one reference backlight zone further includes at least one second reference backlight zone;

[0033] The effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the second reference backlight partition is larger than the effective size of the pixel row of other backlight partitions, and the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition gradually decreases in the first direction along the direction away from the second reference backlight partition.

[0034] The effective size of the pixel row in the first direction is the tilt angle along the direction deviating from the normal of the display panel, and the size of the pixel row in the first direction after being blocked by the light-shielding layer;

[0035] The backlight controller is specifically configured to drive the plurality of backlight zones such that the brightness of the backlight zones gradually increases in a direction away from the second reference backlight zone.

[0036] In some embodiments, the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows includes a first spacing region;

[0037] The interval region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers includes a second interval region;

[0038] The central axis of the orthographic projection of the first interval region on the reference plane extending along the first direction coincides with the central axis of the orthographic projection of the second interval region on the reference plane extending along the first direction.

[0039] The angle between the tilt angle deviating from the normal direction of the display panel and the normal direction of the display panel is θ. The backlight partition corresponding to the m-th pixel row along the direction opposite to the tilt angle deviating from the normal direction of the display panel is the second reference backlight partition. L is the distance between the display panel and the phase adjustment structure, the first pixel row is the pixel row adjacent to the first interval region, and Δh is the difference between the sum of the dimensions of the first interval region and the pixel row in the first direction and the sum of the dimensions of the second interval region and the phase adjustment layer in the first direction.

[0040] In some embodiments, the display module includes a first display area, a second display area, and a third display area arranged sequentially along a first direction;

[0041] Wherein, the plurality of backlight zones in the second display area include at least a first reference backlight zone, the plurality of backlight zones in the first display area include at least a second reference backlight zone, and the plurality of backlight zones in the third display area include at least a second reference backlight zone.

[0042] In some embodiments, a reference backlight corresponds to at least one backlight partition to be calibrated, and the ratio of the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition to the size of the pixel row in the first direction is equal to the ratio of the brightness of the corresponding reference backlight partition to the brightness of the backlight partition to be calibrated.

[0043] In some embodiments, the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction is equal to the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction, and the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction is smaller than the size of the pixel row in the first direction;

[0044] For a reference backlight partition and a corresponding backlight partition to be calibrated, the difference between the effective size of the first pixel row in the first direction and the size of the pixel row in the first direction along the direction away from the reference backlight partition is the difference between the size of the pixel row in the first direction and the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction.

[0045] The difference in the effective size of two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction is the difference between the size of the pixel row in the first direction and the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction;

[0046] The backlight partition corresponds to at least one pixel row, and the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition to be calibrated in the first direction is equal to the average size of all pixel rows corresponding to the backlight partition in the first direction.

[0047] In some embodiments, the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in a first direction is smaller than the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in a first direction, and the size of the pixel row in the first direction is equal to the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction;

[0048] For a reference backlight partition and a corresponding backlight partition to be calibrated, the difference between the effective size of the first pixel row in the first direction and the size of the pixel row in the first direction is half the difference between the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction and the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction; the difference between the effective sizes of two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction is the difference between the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction and the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction.

[0049] The backlight partition corresponds to at least one pixel row, and the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition to be calibrated in the first direction is equal to the average size of all pixel rows corresponding to the backlight partition in the first direction.

[0050] In some embodiments, the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction is smaller than the size of the pixel row in the first direction, and the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction is smaller than the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction.

[0051] For a reference backlight partition and a corresponding backlight partition to be calibrated, the difference between the effective size of the first pixel row in the first direction and the size of the pixel row in the first direction along the direction away from the reference backlight partition is half the difference between the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction and the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction, and the sum of the differences between the size of the pixel row in the first direction and the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction.

[0052] The difference in effective size of two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction is the difference between the size of the pixel row in the first direction and the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction, and the sum of the difference between the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction and the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction;

[0053] The backlight partition corresponds to at least one pixel row, and the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition to be calibrated in the first direction is equal to the average size of all pixel rows corresponding to the backlight partition in the first direction.

[0054] In some embodiments, the backlight partition corresponds to multiple pixel rows;

[0055] The effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition is the average of the effective sizes of the multiple pixel rows corresponding to the backlight partition.

[0056] In some embodiments, the backlight partition corresponds to multiple pixel rows, and at least two pixel rows in the same backlight partition have different effective sizes in a first direction;

[0057] The display module further includes a driving circuit board electrically connected to the display panel. The driving circuit board is configured to output a larger grayscale value to a pixel row with a smaller effective size in a first direction and to output a smaller grayscale value to a pixel row with a larger effective size in the first direction.

[0058] In some embodiments, along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight partition, the effective size of multiple pixel rows corresponding to the same backlight partition gradually decreases in the first direction;

[0059] The driving circuit board is specifically configured to provide gradually increasing grayscale values ​​to multiple pixel rows corresponding to the same backlight partition along a direction away from the corresponding reference backlight partition.

[0060] In some embodiments, the multiple pixel rows of the same backlight partition include at least one reference pixel row, and the effective size of the reference pixel row in the first direction is smaller than the effective size of other pixel rows in the first direction among the multiple pixel rows corresponding to the same backlight partition.

[0061] For multiple pixel rows within the same backlight partition, excluding the reference pixel row, the ratio of the grayscale value of the pixel row to the grayscale value of the reference pixel row is: Δh is the difference between the effective size of the pixel row in the first direction and the effective size of the reference pixel row in the first direction, and h1 is the size of the pixel row in the first direction.

[0062] In some embodiments, the plurality of backlight zones include at least one reference backlight zone, wherein the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the reference backlight zone in the first direction is smaller than the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the other backlight zones in the first direction.

[0063] Along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight partition, the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition gradually decreases in the first direction;

[0064] The effective size of two adjacent pixel rows corresponding to different backlight zones gradually decreases in the first direction;

[0065] The last pixel row in the same backlight zone along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight zone is the reference pixel row.

[0066] In some embodiments, the backlight controller is further configured to control the brightness of the backlight zone by adjusting the driving parameters applied to the backlight zone;

[0067] The driving parameters include at least one of driving voltage and driving current. Attached Figure Description

[0068] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0069] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the planar structure of the display module in some embodiments.

[0070] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display panel.

[0071] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the mid-phase adjustment structure.

[0072] Figure 4 These are schematic cross-sectional views of the display module in some embodiments.

[0073] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display module in some other embodiments.

[0074] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the display module in some other embodiments.

[0075] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display module in some embodiments.

[0076] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the display module in some embodiments.

[0077] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display module in some other embodiments.

[0078] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the display module in some other embodiments.

[0079] Figure 11 These are theoretical renderings of the viewing area of ​​the display module in some embodiments.

[0080] Figure 12 These are theoretical renderings of the viewing area of ​​the display module in other embodiments.

[0081] Figure 13 These are display effect diagrams of the display module in some embodiments.

[0082] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display module in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0083] Figure 15 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display module in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0084] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the display module in some other embodiments of this disclosure.

[0085] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the display module in some other embodiments of this disclosure.

[0086] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display module in some other embodiments of this disclosure.

[0087] Figure 19 These are display effect diagrams of the display panel in some embodiments.

[0088] Figure 20 These are display effect diagrams of the display module under different viewing angles in some embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0089] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0090] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0091] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this disclosure should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0092] As used herein, “parallel” and “perpendicular” include the described situation and situations that are similar to the described situation, within an acceptable range of deviation, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “parallel” includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate parallelism may be, for example, within 5°; “perpendicular” includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, within 5°.

[0093] This document describes exemplary embodiments with reference to sectional views and / or plan views, which are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions is enlarged for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings are contemplated due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing processes. Thus, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the regions of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0094] In some polarized 3D display products, a phase adjustment structure can be set on the light-emitting side of the display panel to achieve high-precision polarization conversion.

[0095] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the planar structure of the display module in some embodiments. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the central display panel 10. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the phase adjustment structure 20. Figure 4These are schematic cross-sectional views of the display module in some embodiments. Specifically, Figure 4 It is along Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cutting line XX.

[0096] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the display module includes a display panel 10 and a phase adjustment structure 20 located on one side of the display panel 10.

[0097] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the display panel 10 includes a plurality of pixel rows P0 arranged along a first direction ox, and the pixel rows P0 include a plurality of pixels Pi arranged along a second direction oy. A gap Pg is provided between adjacent pixels Pi. The plurality of pixel rows P0 includes odd-numbered rows of pixels Pi and even-numbered rows of pixels Pi.

[0098] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the phase adjustment structure 20 includes a light-shielding layer 21 located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 10 and multiple phase adjustment layers 22. The light-shielding layer 21 has multiple receiving openings, and the phase adjustment layers 22 are located within the receiving openings. The multiple phase adjustment layers 22 are arranged along a first direction ox. The phase adjustment layers 22 extend along a second direction oy. The orthographic projection of the phase adjustment layer 22 on the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel row P0 on the reference plane. The reference plane is a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the display panel 10. The thickness direction of the display panel 10 corresponds to the third direction oz in the figure. Optionally, the orthographic projection of the phase adjustment layer 22 on the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel row P0 on the reference plane.

[0099] Optionally, the phase adjustment structure 20 may be a glass-based patterned phase delayer (GPR).

[0100] Optionally, the phase adjustment structure 20 may be a thin-film patterned phase delay unit (FRP).

[0101] Optionally, the phase adjustment layer 22 includes liquid crystal.

[0102] In this case, the pixel rows P0 can be alternately aligned using a pixel Pi adjustment layer. Optionally, the alignment direction of the phase-shifted alignment layer can correspond to each pixel row P0 of the display panel 10. For example, the odd-numbered pixel rows P0 can be aligned at a positive 45° (or negative 45°) and the even-numbered pixel rows P0 can be aligned at a negative 45° (or positive 45°) to form a micro-optical structure capable of alternately modulating the polarization state of light.

[0103] Furthermore, odd-numbered pixel rows P0 enter the left eye (or right eye) after passing through a phase-shifting layer, while even-numbered pixel rows P0 enter the right eye (or left eye) after passing through a phase-shifting layer, thus achieving 3D display.

[0104] However, GPR has a clearly defined imaging characteristic boundary at a given line-of-sight. Specifically, within the specified line-of-sight range, the 3D crosstalk value of the device's imaging is low, the moiré pattern in the image is slight and almost imperceptible to the eye, and the image appears clear and stable. Once the specified line-of-sight range is exceeded, the 3D crosstalk problem will be significantly aggravated, the moiré pattern will become very obvious, and it will directly affect the visual effect of the imaging and the accuracy of observation.

[0105] In actual production and assembly processes, in order to optimize 3D crosstalk and suppress moiré patterns, a "GPR recessed design" scheme can be adopted. The so-called GPR recessed design refers to designing the width (pitch) of each row of the GPR to be smaller than the actual width of each row of the display panel 10 (Panel).

[0106] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the display module also includes a polarizer 30, an optical adhesive layer 40, and a phase compensation film 50 located between the display panel 10 and the phase adjustment structure 20.

[0107] The polarizer 30 is attached to the light-emitting side of the display panel. Its function is to convert the light emitted from the liquid crystal into linearly polarized light, which is a prerequisite for the beam splitting effect of the GPR patterned phase delay layer. The optical adhesive layer 40 is used to bond the polarizer and the phase compensation film 50. The phase compensation film, for example, can be a λ / 4 phase compensation film (1 / 4 wave plate), is used to convert the linearly polarized light output from the display panel 10 into circularly polarized light, matching the beam splitting mechanism of the GPR patterned phase delay layer and significantly suppressing 3D crosstalk and moiré patterns.

[0108] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display module in some other embodiments. Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the display module in some other embodiments. Specifically, Figure 6 It is along Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cutting line XX.

[0109] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display module in some embodiments. Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the display module in some embodiments. Specifically, Figure 8 It is along Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cutting line XX.

[0110] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display module in some other embodiments. Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the display module in some embodiments. Specifically, Figure 10 along Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cutting line XX.

[0111] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the size H2 of the multiple phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox can be set to be smaller than the size H1 of the multiple pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox. Optionally, the pitch P2 of the phase adjustment structure 20 in the first direction ox can be set to be smaller than the pitch P1 of the display panel 10 in the first direction ox.

[0112] It should be noted that the pitch P2 of the phase adjustment structure 20 in the first direction ox is the sum of the dimension h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox and the dimension h4 of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox, i.e., P2 = h2 + h4. The pitch P1 of the display panel 10 in the first direction ox is the sum of the dimension h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the dimension h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox, i.e., P1 = h1 + h3.

[0113] Optionally, the display panel 10 includes a plurality of light-shielding strips arranged along a first direction ox, and the light-shielding strips extend along a second direction oy. The size of the light-shielding strips in the first direction ox is equal to the size h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0. The pitch P1 of the display panel 10 in the first direction ox can also be the sum of the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size h3 of the light-shielding strips in the first direction ox.

[0114] Optionally, in the bonding process, the center of the light-shielding layer 21 at the very center of the GPR is aligned with the center of the light-shielding strip at the very center of the display panel 10. Due to the inconsistency in their pitches, this alignment causes the phase adjustment layers 22 of the GPR to gradually "shrink" from the center to both sides (i.e., the top and bottom directions) when viewed from the top surface of the GPR relative to the pixel rows P0 of the display panel 10. The top side can also be described as the upper side, and the bottom side can also be described as the lower side. The top side and the bottom side refer to the opposite sides along the first direction ox.

[0115] Figure 11 These are theoretical renderings of the viewing area of ​​the display module in some embodiments. Figure 12 These are theoretical renderings of the viewing area of ​​the display module in other embodiments.

[0116] like Figure 11 As shown, its corresponding is Figure 1 The viewing area of ​​the display module is shown. Figure 1 In the display module, the size h1 of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is equal to the size h2 of phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox. The size h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox is equal to the size h4 of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment bars in the first direction ox, that is, the "equal row width design" is adopted.

[0117] like Figure 12 As shown, its corresponding is Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 The viewing area of ​​the display module.

[0118] contrast Figure 11 and Figure 12 It is evident that the recessed design can increase the viewing angle, thereby shortening the viewing distance and greatly improving the freedom of vertical viewing at close range. Therefore, display modules employing the aforementioned recessed design can solve the shortcomings of small viewing angles and long viewing distances when viewed from above or below.

[0119] However, due to the recessed design, the pixel openings are blocked by the light-blocking layer 21 when viewed from the front. Moreover, the higher or lower the pixel openings are, the greater the proportion of the pixel openings being blocked, resulting in a greater loss of brightness and poor brightness uniformity when viewed from the front.

[0120] Optionally, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 ,as well as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the central axis of the interval area between two rows of pixels P0 in the display panel 10 coincides with the central axis of the light-shielding layer 21 at the center of the GPR. As it extends from the center of the screen to the top or bottom edge, the relative occlusion relationship between the light-shielding layer 21 and the pixel row P0 changes, resulting in a gradual decrease in the effective pixel aperture ratio.

[0121] For example, in Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the display module shown, the width h2 of the light-shielding layer 21 between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox is equal to the size h1 of the light-shielding strip between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox. The size h4 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the size h3 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox. In this case, P2 < P1. Optionally, P2 / P1 > 99.97%.

[0122] Depend on Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the light-shielding layer 21 blocks a portion of pixel Pi in pixel row P0. Specifically, starting from the position where the center line of the interval region between the light-shielding layer 21 and two adjacent pixel rows P0 coincides, viewed from the normal direction perpendicular to the display panel 10, the width of pixel Pi in the first pixel row P0 that is blocked is... Δh1 = h3 - h4. In this case, the ratio (hereinafter referred to as the relative size) of pixel Pi in the first pixel row P0 relative to the size h1 of normal pixel Pi in the first direction ox of the display panel 10 is attenuated to And so on, the occlusion width of the nth row above (or below) = The relative size of the nth row is Clearly, the farther away from the center area, the smaller the effective size of the pixel Pi. This gradual change in pixel Pi size directly leads to uneven brightness of the screen.

[0123] Figure 13 These are display effect diagrams of the display module in some embodiments. For example... Figure 13 As shown, the uneven brightness is specifically manifested as a gradual decrease in brightness from the central region to the edge regions on both sides along the first direction ox.

[0124] For some polarized 3D display modules that use the above-mentioned recessed design, the uniformity of screen brightness is poor, usually only around 60%, and some products are even as low as a little over 50%.

[0125] This severe brightness attenuation and lack of uniformity significantly damages the overall visual experience of the image, leading to a decline in display quality and making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of the high-end display market for image consistency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can effectively compensate for the brightness loss caused by the GPR recessed design and improve the uniformity of image brightness.

[0126] In order to at least alleviate or resolve one of the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a display module.

[0127] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display module in some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 15 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display module in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0128] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, in some embodiments, a display module disclosed herein includes: a display panel 10, a backlight 60, and a phase adjustment structure 20. It should be noted that... Figure 14 Only the backlight 60 and the display panel 10 are shown; the planar structure of the phase adjustment structure 20 can be referenced. Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 10 Phase adjustment structure 20 in the middle.

[0129] like Figure 14 As shown, the display panel 10 includes a plurality of pixel rows P0 arranged along a first direction ox, a plurality of pixel rows P0 including a plurality of pixels Pi arranged along a second direction oy, and a plurality of first pixel row groups P01 and a plurality of second pixel row groups P02 arranged alternately in sequence. The first pixel row group P01 includes at least one pixel row P0, and the second pixel row group P02 includes at least one pixel row P0.

[0130] For example, in Figure 14 In the illustrated embodiment, the first pixel row group P01 includes two pixel rows P0, and the second pixel row group P02 includes two pixel rows P0. For example, see reference... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first pixel row group P01 includes a pixel row P0, and the second pixel row P0 includes a pixel row P0.

[0131] A backlight 60 is located on the backlight side of the display panel 10. The backlight 60 includes a plurality of backlight zones 61 arranged along a first direction ox. The backlight zones 61 are used to provide light to at least one pixel row P0. For example, in Figure 14 In the illustrated embodiment, from top to bottom, the four backlight zones 61 sequentially provide light to two pixel rows P0, three pixel rows P0, three pixel rows P0, and one pixel row P0, respectively. In other embodiments, optionally, each backlight zone 61 corresponds to the same number of pixel rows P0.

[0132] The phase adjustment structure 20 is located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 10.

[0133] refer to Figure 3 The phase adjustment structure 20 includes: a light-shielding layer 21 and a plurality of phase adjustment layers 22 arranged along the first direction ox.

[0134] The light-shielding layer 21 has multiple receiving openings arranged along the first direction ox. The phase adjustment layer 22 is located within the receiving openings.

[0135] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 The size H2 of the multiple phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the size H1 of the multiple pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox. Optionally, the sum of the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox and the spacing h4 between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the sum of the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the spacing h3 between two adjacent pixel rows P0.

[0136] For ease of understanding, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, each pixel row P0 has the same size h1 in the first direction ox, the spacing region between each two adjacent pixel rows P0 has the same size h3 in the first direction ox, each phase adjustment layer 22 has the same size h2 in the first direction ox, and the spacing region between each adjacent phase adjustment layer 22 has the same size h4 in the first direction ox.

[0137] refer to Figure 3 The multiple phase adjustment layers 22 include multiple first phase adjustment layers 221 and second phase adjustment layers 222 arranged alternately in sequence.

[0138] The orthographic projection of the first phase adjustment layer 221 onto the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of pixel row P0 in the first pixel row group P01 onto the reference plane. The reference plane is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the display module. The orthographic projection of the second phase adjustment layer 222 onto the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of pixel row P0 in the second pixel row group P02 onto the reference plane. Optionally, the orthographic projection of the first phase adjustment layer 221 onto the reference plane covers the orthographic projection of pixel row P0 in the first pixel row group P01 onto the reference plane, and the orthographic projection of the second phase adjustment layer 222 onto the reference plane covers the orthographic projection of pixel row P0 in the second pixel row group P02 onto the reference plane.

[0139] The optical axes of the first phase adjustment layer 221 and the second phase adjustment layer 222 are orthogonal, enabling them to generate mutually orthogonal phase modulation of the incident light. For example, the first phase adjustment layer 221 aligns the pixel row P0 in the first pixel row group P01 with a positive 45° orientation and the pixel row P0 in the second pixel row group P02 with a negative 45° orientation.

[0140] In this case, Figure 14 In the illustrated embodiment, light rays from the first and second rows of pixels P0 can enter the left eye, light rays from the third and fourth rows of pixels P0 can enter the right eye, light rays from the fifth and sixth rows of pixels P0 can enter the left eye, light rays from the seventh and eighth rows of pixels P0 can enter the right eye, and so on. The light rays entering the left eye and the light rays entering the right eye are superimposed to form a 3D image.

[0141] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, light rays from odd-numbered pixel rows P0 enter the left eye, and light rays from even-numbered pixel rows P0 enter the right eye, thereby allowing the 3D image to be observed.

[0142] Among them, such as Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, the light-shielding layer 21 has different occlusion sizes for at least some pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox. Optionally, the occlusion size of the light-shielding layer 21 for each pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is different. As mentioned above, the occlusion size of each pixel row P0 by the light-shielding layer 21 can be controlled according to the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox, the size h3 of the interval region h3 between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox, the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox, the size h4 of the interval region h4 between adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox, and the alignment position.

[0143] The display module also includes a backlight controller electrically connected to the backlight 60. The backlight controller is configured to drive a plurality of backlight zones 61 such that the backlight zone 61 corresponding to the smaller effective pixel row P0 in the first direction ox has a higher brightness, and the backlight zone 61 corresponding to the larger effective pixel row P0 in the first direction ox has a lower brightness.

[0144] Understandably, because the light-shielding layer 21 obstructs the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox, the effective size of pixel Pi in the first direction ox changes regardless of whether it is viewed from the normal direction of the display panel 10 or from a tilt angle. Specifically, it becomes smaller than the size h1 of pixel Pi in the first direction ox. Therefore, the brightness of pixel Pi will be limited. As mentioned above, the more the pixel row P0 is obstructed by the light-shielding layer 21 in the first direction ox, the more the effective size of pixel Pi in that pixel row P0 will decrease in the first direction ox, and its brightness will decrease more.

[0145] In this case, in order to alleviate the brightness decay problem caused by the effective size decay of pixel Pi, the light source brightness of the backlight partition 61 corresponding to pixel row P0 can be increased to compensate for the brightness and improve the brightness uniformity.

[0146] In some embodiments, such as Figure 14 As shown, the plurality of backlight partitions 61 include at least one reference backlight partition 611, and the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the reference backlight partition 611 in the first direction ox is greater than the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the other backlight partitions 61 in the first direction ox.

[0147] In this case, the effective size of pixel row P0 corresponding to the reference backlight partition 611 in the first direction ox is the largest, for example, in Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, the pixel row P0 located in the middle position is the smallest in size blocked by the light-shielding layer 21, so the backlight partition 61 corresponding to the pixel row P0 is the reference backlight partition 611.

[0148] Figure 5In the first direction ox, since the size h3 of the interval region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 is equal to the size h4 of the interval region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox, and when the interval regions between two adjacent pixel rows P0 and the interval regions between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 are aligned in the third direction oz, the effective size of the pixel rows P0 corresponding to the two backlight partitions 61 located on the top and bottom sides of the alignment position is equal and the maximum, at this time, both backlight partitions 61 are reference backlight partitions 611.

[0149] If the interval between two adjacent pixel rows P0 and the interval between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 are not aligned on the third direction oz, then only one backlight partition 61 can have the largest effective size of pixel row P0. In this case, the backlight partition 61 is the reference backlight partition 611.

[0150] Along the direction away from the reference backlight partition 611, the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 in the first direction ox gradually decreases. For example, along the ground side or sky side direction of the reference backlight partition 611, the size of each pixel row P0 blocked by the light-shielding layer 21 in the first direction ox gradually increases, thereby causing the effective size of the pixel row P0 to gradually decrease.

[0151] The backlight controller is specifically configured to drive multiple backlight zones 61 such that the brightness of the backlight zones 61 gradually increases in a direction away from the reference backlight zone 611.

[0152] As the effective size of pixel row P0 gradually decreases in the first direction ox, the brightness decay gradually increases. Therefore, the brightness of each pixel row P0 can be compensated by the backlight partition 61 with gradually increasing brightness, thereby improving the brightness uniformity of the overall display module.

[0153] In some embodiments, at least one reference backlight partition 611 includes at least one first reference backlight partition;

[0154] The occlusion size of the first reference backlight partition by the occlusion layer 21 in the first direction ox is smaller than the occlusion size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the other backlight partitions 61 by the occlusion layer 21 in the first direction ox.

[0155] The effective size of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is the size of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox after being blocked by light-shielding layer 21 along the normal direction of display panel 10.

[0156] For the display module, when viewed from a distance, the viewing direction can be along the normal direction of the display panel 10. In this case, the effective size of each pixel row P0 is the size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox after being blocked by the light-blocking layer 21. In this case, the effective size of the pixel row P0 can be controlled by setting the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox, the size h3 of the interval area between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox, the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox, and the size h4 of the interval area between adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox, etc., thereby further facilitating the provision of backlight zones 61 with the same brightness according to the effective size of the pixel row P0.

[0157] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 onto the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 onto the reference plane.

[0158] The interval region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 includes the first interval region.

[0159] The interval region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 includes a second interval region.

[0160] The overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first spacing region on the reference plane and the orthographic projection of the second spacing region on the reference plane is greater than the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 on the reference plane and the orthographic projection of the spacing region between the corresponding two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 on the reference plane.

[0161] For example, the orthographic projection of the first spacing region on the reference plane coincides with the orthographic projection of the second spacing region on the reference plane, while the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 on the reference plane at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 on the reference plane.

[0162] In this case, the pixel row P0 adjacent to the first interval region is the smallest in size blocked by the light-shielding layer 21 in the first direction ox. Accordingly, the backlight partition 61 corresponding to the pixel row P0 is the first reference backlight partition.

[0163] The orthographic projection of the first reference backlight zone onto the reference plane is located on at least one side of the orthographic projection of the second interval region onto the reference plane along the first direction ox.

[0164] The position of the first reference backlight partition can be set according to the overlap between the orthographic projection of the first interval region on the reference plane and the orthographic projection of the second interval region on the reference plane.

[0165] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the central axis of the orthographic projection of the first spacing region on the reference plane extending along the first direction ox coincides with the central axis of the orthographic projection of the second spacing region on the reference plane extending along the first direction ox. Optionally, when the size h3 of the first spacing region on the first direction ox is the same as the size h4 of the second spacing region on the first direction ox, the orthographic projection of the first spacing region on the reference plane coincides with the orthographic projection of the second spacing region on the reference plane.

[0166] Optionally, the first interval region is located at the center of the display panel 10, and the second interval region is located at the center of the phase adjustment structure 20.

[0167] At least one first reference backlight zone includes two adjacent first reference backlight zones, the orthographic projections of the two adjacent first reference backlight zones on the reference plane being located on opposite sides of the orthographic projection of the second spacing region on the reference plane along the first direction ox.

[0168] For the multiple backlight zones 61 located on the side of the first reference backlight zone away from the second reference backlight zone, the size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight zone 61 that is blocked by the light-shielding layer 21 in the first direction ox gradually increases along the direction away from the first reference backlight zone.

[0169] For the multiple backlight zones 61 located on the side of the second first reference backlight zone away from the first first reference backlight zone, the size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight zone 61 that is blocked by the light-shielding layer 21 in the first direction ox gradually increases along the direction away from the second first reference backlight zone.

[0170] In simple terms, the first reference backlight partition located on the sky side of the first interval region is taken as the first reference backlight partition. For all backlight partitions 61 located on the sky side of the first interval region, the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to each backlight partition 61 gradually decreases along the sky side direction.

[0171] The first reference backlight partition located on the ground side of the first interval region is used as the second first reference backlight partition. For all backlight partitions 61 located on the ground side of the first interval region, the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to each backlight partition 61 gradually decreases along the sky side direction.

[0172] The backlight controller is specifically configured to control a plurality of backlight zones 61 such that the brightness of the plurality of backlight zones 61 located on the side of the first first reference backlight zone away from the second first reference backlight zone gradually increases along the direction away from the first first reference backlight zone, and that the brightness of the plurality of backlight zones 61 located on the side of the second first reference backlight zone away from the first first reference backlight zone gradually increases along the direction away from the second first reference backlight zone.

[0173] To reduce design complexity, embodiments of this disclosure may allow the central axis of the first interval region in the display panel 10 to coincide with the central axis of the second interval region in the phase adjustment structure 20.

[0174] In this case, the effective size attenuation of the first row of pixels P0 located on the top side of the first interval region in the first direction ox is the smallest, and the effective size attenuation of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox gradually increases along the top side direction. In order to compensate for the brightness of pixel Pi, the brightness of each backlight partition 61 gradually increases in the top side direction of the first interval region, thereby enabling the larger backlight partition 61 to provide a light source for the pixel Pi with the largest brightness attenuation.

[0175] Similarly, the effective size attenuation is minimal in the first direction ox of the first row of pixels P0 located on the ground side of the first interval region, and the effective size of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox gradually increases along the ground side direction. In order to compensate for the brightness of pixel Pi, the brightness of each backlight partition 61 gradually increases in the ground side direction of the first interval region, thereby providing a light source for pixel Pi with the greatest brightness attenuation through the brightness of the larger backlight partition 61.

[0176] Optionally, in some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 14 As shown, backlight partition 61 corresponds to multiple pixel rows P0. For multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the same backlight partition 61, the size of the pixel row P0 blocked by the light-shielding layer 21 gradually increases in the direction away from the corresponding first reference backlight partition. Combined with the foregoing, it can be seen that in the ground and sky directions at the alignment position, the brightness of the backlight partition 61 gradually increases, and the effective size of the pixel row P0 gradually decreases.

[0177] It is understandable that backlight partition 61 can be used to provide a light source for a row of pixels P0. However, considering that the size h1 of the pixel row P0 is relatively small, setting a backlight partition 61 for each pixel row P0 would greatly increase the design difficulty of the backlight partition 61. Therefore, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, the same backlight partition 61 can be used to provide a light source for multiple rows of pixels P0 simultaneously. This design can reduce the number of backlight partitions 61, reduce design difficulty, and lower costs.

[0178] In some embodiments, one reference backlight partition 611 corresponds to multiple backlight partitions 61 to be calibrated. The ratio of the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 to be calibrated in the first direction ox to the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is equal to the ratio of the brightness of the corresponding reference backlight partition 611 to the brightness of the backlight partition 61 to be calibrated.

[0179] That is, for multiple backlight zones 61 other than the reference backlight zone 611, the ratio of the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight zone 61 in the first direction ox to the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is equal to the ratio of the brightness of the reference backlight zone 611 to the brightness of the backlight zone 61.

[0180] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the smaller the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 in the first direction ox, the smaller the ratio of its size to the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox, and the greater its brightness attenuation. The brightness of the backlight partition 61 is greater. Correspondingly, the ratio of the brightness of the reference backlight partition 611 to the brightness of the backlight partition 61 is smaller.

[0181] Considering that the size attenuation of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the reference backlight partition 611 is the smallest and the brightness of the reference backlight partition 611 is the largest, this embodiment of the disclosure uses the brightness of the reference backlight partition 611 as a standard to compensate for the brightness attenuation of the pixel row P0, thereby ensuring the overall brightness.

[0182] Furthermore, by combining the ratio of the backlight partition 61 to the reference backlight partition 611 with the attenuation ratio of the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 in the first direction ox, the brightness of the pixel row P0 that has experienced brightness attenuation can be effectively compensated, thereby improving the overall brightness uniformity.

[0183] Optionally, in some embodiments, the backlight partition 61 corresponds to multiple pixel rows P0; and considering that the effective size of the multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to each backlight partition 61 is different, in this case, the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 is the average of the effective sizes of the multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61.

[0184] It is understandable that, when the backlight partition 61 corresponds to an odd number of pixel rows P0, the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 is equal to the effective size of the middle pixel row P0 among the multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61. When the backlight partition 61 corresponds to an even number of pixel rows P0, the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 is equal to the average of the effective sizes of any two symmetrically positioned pixel rows P0 among the multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61.

[0185] The embodiments disclosed herein use the average value of the effective size of multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 to adjust the brightness of the corresponding backlight partition 61, which can improve the overall brightness display uniformity.

[0186] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the display module in some other embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the display module in some other embodiments of this disclosure.

[0187] like Figure 16 As shown, the first reference backlight partition is the last backlight partition 61 arranged along the first direction ox. In this case, the edge of the first row of pixels P0 on the ground side is aligned with the edge of the first phase adjustment bar on the ground side. Figure 17 As shown, the first reference backlight partition is the first backlight partition 61 arranged along the first direction ox. In this case, the edge of the first row of pixels P0 on the top side is aligned with the edge of the first phase adjustment bar on the top side.

[0188] Figure 16 and Figure 17 The display module shown is suitable for display requirements in special application scenarios.

[0189] For example, if the display module is positioned above eye level, the viewer will typically look upwards. In this case, a [further approach] can be used. Figure 16 The display module is shown. For example, if the display module is positioned below eye level, and the viewer typically observes it from a downward angle, then a [further details can be needed]. Figure 17 The module is shown in the image.

[0190] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the size h3 of the gap region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox is equal to the size h4 of the gap region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox, and the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox.

[0191] For the reference backlight partition 611 and the corresponding pixel rows P0 of the backlight partition 61 to be calibrated, in the direction away from the reference backlight partition 611, such as Figure 5 As shown, the difference between the effective size of the first pixel row P0 in the first direction and the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is the difference Δh1 between the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction and the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox.

[0192] The difference between the effective size of the second pixel row P0 in the first direction and the size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is twice the difference between the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction and the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox. .

[0193] The difference between the effective size of the third pixel row P0 in the first direction and the size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is three times the difference between the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction and the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox. .

[0194] Similarly, the difference between the effective size of the m-th pixel row P0 in the first direction and the size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is m times the difference between the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction and the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox. .

[0195] The difference in effective size between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox is the difference Δh1 between the size h1 of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size h2 of phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox.

[0196] The backlight partition 61 corresponds to at least one pixel row, and the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 to be calibrated in the first direction ox is equal to the average size of all pixel rows P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 to be calibrated in the first direction ox.

[0197] Backlight partition 61 corresponds to N pixel rows P0. For the I backlight partitions 61 other than the reference backlight partition 611, the effective size of the N pixel rows P0 in the i-th backlight partition 61 is as follows: Δh1=h1-h2, I is an integer greater than 1, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to I.

[0198] The ratio of the brightness of the reference backlight zone 611 to the brightness of the backlight zone 61 is: .

[0199] Optionally, in an example, the dimension h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox is 3 μm, and the dimension h4 of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox is 3 μm. The dimension h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is 57 μm, and the dimension h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction is 56.982 μm. Correspondingly, in this embodiment, P1=60 μm, P2=59.982 μm. Δh1=P1-P2=h1-h2=0.018 μm.

[0200] In another example, P2 / P1=99.975%, for example, P1=60 μm, P2=59.985 μm. Δh1=0.015 μm, h3=h4=3 μm, h1=57 μm, h2=56.985 μm.

[0201] Optionally, 0.9995<P2 / P1<1, and the corresponding specific value may be selected according to actual situations.

[0202] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7 , the dimension h4 of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the dimension h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox, and the dimension h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is equal to the dimension h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox.

[0203] For the reference backlight partition 611 and the multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the corresponding backlight partition 61 to be calibrated, in the direction away from the reference backlight partition 611, the difference between the effective dimension of the first pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the dimension h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is half of the difference Δh2 between the dimension h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction and the dimension h4 of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction: .

[0204] The difference between the effective dimension of the second pixel row P0 in the first direction and the dimension of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is 1.5 times the difference Δh2 between the dimension h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction and the dimension h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox: .

[0205] The difference between the effective dimension of the third pixel row P0 in the first direction and the dimension of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is 2.5 times the difference Δh2 between the dimension h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction and the dimension h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox: .

[0206] Similarly, the difference between the effective size of the m-th pixel row P0 in the first direction and the size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is the difference Δh2 between the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction and the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox. Times: .

[0207] The difference in effective size of two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox is the difference Δh2 between the size h3 of the spacing region between the two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox and the size h4 of the spacing region between the two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction.

[0208] Backlight partition 61 corresponds to N pixel rows P0. For the I backlight partitions 61 other than the reference backlight partition 611, the equivalent average size of the N pixel rows P0 in the i-th backlight partition 61 along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight partition 611 is: Δh2=h3-h4, where I is an integer greater than 1 and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0209] The ratio of the brightness of the reference backlight zone 611 to the brightness of the backlight zone 61 is: .

[0210] Optionally, in one example, h4 = 2.990 μm, h3 = 3.005 μm, h1 = h2 = 56.995 μm.

[0211] At this point, P2 / P1 = 59.985 / 60.000 = 0.99975 = 99.975% > 99.97%.

[0212] Δh2=P1-P2=0.015μm=h2-h1.

[0213] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox, and the size h4 of the gap region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the size h3 of the gap region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox.

[0214] For the reference backlight partition 611 and the corresponding pixel rows P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 to be calibrated, in the direction away from the reference backlight partition 611, the difference between the effective size of the first pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is half the difference between the size h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction and the size h4 of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction, and the sum of the differences between the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox: .

[0215] The difference between the effective size of the second pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is the sum of 1.5 times the difference between the size h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction and the size h4 of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction, and twice the difference between the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox. .

[0216] The difference between the effective size of the third pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is the sum of 2.5 times the difference between the size h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction and the size h4 of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction, and 3 times the difference between the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox. .

[0217] Similarly, the difference between the effective size of the m-th pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is the difference between the size h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction and the size h4 of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction. The sum of m times the difference between the size h1 of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size h2 of phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox: .

[0218] The difference in effective size between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox is the difference Δh1 between the size h1 of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the size h2 of phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction, and the sum of Δh1 and Δh2 between the size h3 of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 and the size h4 of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction: Δh1 + Δh2. Backlight partition 61 corresponds to N pixel rows P0. For I backlight partitions 61 other than the reference backlight partition 611, the equivalent average size of the N pixel rows P0 in the i-th backlight partition 61 in the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight partition 611 is: Δh1=h1-h2, Δh2=h3-h4, I is an integer greater than 1, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0219] The ratio of the brightness of the reference backlight zone 611 to the brightness of the backlight zone 61 is: .

[0220] Optionally, in one example, h4 = 2.980 μm, h3 = 2.990 μm, and h3 - h4 = 0.01 μm.

[0221] P1=60μm, P2=59.985μm, h1=57.01μm, h2=57.005μm, h1-h2=0.005μm.

[0222] In another example, h4 = 2.485 μm, h3 = 2.492 μm. h3 - h4 = 0.007 μm.

[0223] P1=45μm, P2=44.987μm, h1=42.508μm, h2=42.502μm, h1-h2=0.006μm. This disclosure specifies the brightness of the backlight zones 61 in three commonly used recessed display modules, effectively improving the brightness uniformity of the display module.

[0224] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display module in some other embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure is shown below. Figure 5 As shown. The first reference backlight zone has two sections. Figure 18 The brightness adjustment of the first reference backlight zone located on the top side and the multiple backlight zones 61 located on the top side of the first reference backlight zone will be used as an example for explanation.

[0225] Optionally, the backlight 60 can be a direct-lit backlight. The backlight 60 consists of several backlight zones 61.

[0226] Optionally, in some embodiments, the backlight controller is further configured to control the brightness of the backlight zone 61 by adjusting driving parameters applied to the backlight zone 61. The driving parameters include at least one of driving voltage and driving current. The driving parameters are positively correlated with brightness; that is, the larger the driving parameters, the greater the brightness.

[0227] Considering that the backlight driving current and the luminous brightness have a linear or nearly linear relationship, this disclosure uses the driving parameters, including the driving current, as an example for specific explanation.

[0228] With the driving current of the first reference backlight partition 611 set to 1, from the backlight center upwards, the ratio of the driving current of each backlight partition 61 to the driving current of the first reference backlight partition 611 is inversely proportional to the ratio of the effective size of the corresponding pixel row P0 in the first direction ox to the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox. In simpler terms, the driving current of each row of backlight partitions 61 is designed to be inversely proportional to the attenuation of the pixel Pi size.

[0229] Figure 18 The relative proportion of the pixel openings is equal to the ratio of the effective size of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox to the size h1 of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox.

[0230] Specifically, such as Figure 18 As shown, although the effective size of each pixel Pi corresponding to the first row of backlight above the backlight center will also be reduced due to the blocking of the light-shielding layer 21, this reduction can be ignored because it is close to the center. Therefore, the display area of ​​the display panel 10 corresponding to the first row of backlight can be considered to have uniform brightness and no backlight compensation is required. Let the backlight driving current of this area be 1.

[0231] exist Figure 18 In the embodiment shown, one row of backlight partition 61 is set to correspond to N rows of pixel rows P0. Figure 18 The pixel Pi in the Kth row at the top corresponds to the backlight zone 61 in the K / Nth row of the upper half of the display panel 10. Based on the relative size of the jth row... j represents an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K.

[0232] This formula represents the ratio of the effective size of pixel Pi in the j-th row along the first direction ox to the size h1 of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox. Then the relative size of pixel Pi in the k-th row is... The ground side of the K / Nth row of backlight corresponds to the Jth row of pixels Pi above the center of the display panel 10 (since one row of backlight corresponds to N rows of pixels Pi, J = K - N + 1), and its relative size is... .

[0233] Simple calculations show that the average relative size of pixel Pi corresponding to the backlight partition 61 (that is, the average relative size of multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61) is: For ease of discussion, we can assume N is an odd number. In this case, the middle row of the N pixel row P0 corresponding to the K / Nth backlight partition 61 is the... Row pixel P0, and It is an integer.

[0234] In this embodiment, because the first interval region located at the center of the display panel 10 and the second interval region located at the center of the phase adjustment structure 20 are aligned and fitted, they can be viewed from a normal viewing angle. Therefore, the "0" reference of the backlight partition 61 is the first interval region at the center of the screen. When the backlight partition 61 counts rows upwards or downwards, the backlight center is used as the "0" reference.

[0235] To maintain the brightness of the display panel 10 area corresponding to the first row of backlight partition 61 as equal to the brightness of the display panel 10 area corresponding to the first row of backlight partition 61, the current of the backlight in that row can be designed as follows: That is, the magnitude of the backlight driving current is inversely proportional to the relative size.

[0236] Following the above method, the backlight drive current of all rows above the backlight center is set, thus completing the backlight zone 61 current adjustment (ladder current design). After the above adjustment, the average brightness of the display panel 10 areas corresponding to each backlight row is comparable, and the brightness uniformity is greatly improved.

[0237] Similarly, the brightness relationship between the first reference backlight zone located on the ground side and the multiple backlight zones 61 located on the ground side of the first reference backlight zone can be set in the same proportional relationship as described above along the ground side direction, thereby completing the brightness compensation of the ground side pixel row P0, and the overall brightness of the display panel 10 is greatly compensated.

[0238] In summary, the embodiments of this disclosure divide the backlight 60 into multiple backlight zones 61 for individual driving. The backlight brightness is adjusted to be brighter as it moves from the center of the backlight towards the top or the bottom, thereby compensating for the brightness loss caused by the light-shielding layer 21. This solves the problem caused by the recessed design that the brightness decreases as the viewing angle moves towards the top or the bottom due to the light-shielding layer 21.

[0239] In some embodiments, for a backlight partition 61 corresponding to multiple pixel rows P0, if at least two pixel rows P0 in the same backlight partition 61 have different effective sizes in the first direction ox, since the size attenuation of different pixel rows P0 is different, but the backlight partition 61 with the same brightness is used for driving, the final brightness of multiple pixel rows P0 in the same backlight partition 61 will be different.

[0240] Figure 19 These are display effect diagrams of the display panel 10 in some embodiments.

[0241] like Figure 19 As shown, the brightness of the middle row pixels Pi of adjacent backlight zones 61 is roughly equal (both are approximately equal to the brightness when the light-shielding layer 21 is blocked due to the lack of an inward-shrinking design, which is also the brightness of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the reference backlight zone 611). However, the brightness of the ground row pixels Pi of the upper backlight is higher than that of the middle row pixels Pi, while the brightness of the top row pixels Pi of the lower backlight is lower than that of the middle row. Therefore, the brightness change of the display panel 10 area corresponding to the boundary of adjacent backlight rows is more obvious, and the brightness jump can be observed here. Moreover, the larger the backlight zone 61 (the wider the width of a row of backlight), the more obvious the brightness jump.

[0242] Regarding the upper half of the display panel 10, the problem of "brightness decreasing towards the top" still exists within the same row of backlight zones 61. Similarly, regarding the lower half of the display panel 10, the problem of "brightness decreasing towards the bottom" still exists within the same row of backlights. It is understood that the upper and lower halves of the display panel 10 described in this embodiment are separated by a first interval region.

[0243] Table 1

[0244]

[0245] Specifically, considering only the current backlight zone 61, refer to the "Relative Opening" column in Table 1 above. The relative opening is the relative size.

[0246] like Figure 19 As shown, the relative opening of the top row (row K) is the smallest. Based on the relative opening of the top row, the middle row is larger than the top row. The ground side is larger than the sky side. .

[0247] The relative openings of other rows can be written based on the number of rows between them and the top row. The farther away from the top row, the larger the relative opening is compared to the top row. However, since the backlight current is set the same, problem one arises: the farther away from the top row, the higher the brightness; the top row has the lowest brightness, and the ground row has the highest brightness.

[0248] Secondly, examining the situation of adjacent backlight zones 61, the inward design P2 is generally more than 99.97% of P1, therefore the relative opening of the ground row of the current backlight zone 61... The relative opening of the sky side line with the next backlight line The difference is very small.

[0249] However, the backlight driving currents of the two are respectively , The denominators of the backlight drive currents of the two differ. Therefore, the difference in backlight brightness is much greater than the difference in the relative openings of the two backlight rows; the former is N times greater than the latter. This leads to problem two: the backlight brightness of the ground row of the current backlight row is much greater than the backlight brightness of the sky row of the next backlight row, while their relative openings are similar. As a result, there will be a brightness jump at the junction of the two backlight zones 61.

[0250] In order to further improve the brightness uniformity of each pixel row P0 in the backlight partition 61, and to reduce or avoid brightness jumps in pixel rows P0 at adjacent boundaries of the backlight partition 61, the embodiments of this disclosure can attenuate the grayscale of pixel rows P0 with higher brightness.

[0251] The display module also includes a driving circuit board electrically connected to the display panel 10. The driving circuit board is configured to output a larger grayscale value to the pixel row P0 with a smaller effective size in the first direction ox, and to output a smaller grayscale value to the pixel row P0 with a larger effective size in the first direction ox. That is, in the actual design and development of the display module, the driving current of all backlight partitions 61 and the grayscale of all pixel rows P0 can be pre-calculated and stored in the driving circuit board. During display, the driving circuit board can display according to the stored grayscale parameters.

[0252] The embodiments disclosed herein can adjust the grayscale of each pixel row P0 according to the relative size. The grayscale of a pixel row P0 with a larger relative size is reduced accordingly, and the larger the relative size, the greater the reduction in grayscale. This is to compensate for the brightness difference of different pixel rows P0 in the same backlight partition 61 and the brightness jump problem at the junction of adjacent backlight partitions 61.

[0253] In some embodiments, along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight partition 611, the effective size of multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the same backlight partition 61 gradually decreases in the first direction ox. Specifically, the driving circuit board is configured to provide gradually increasing grayscale values ​​to the multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the same backlight partition 61 along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight partition 611.

[0254] As described above, within the same backlight partition 61, the brightness of pixel rows P0 in the backlight partition 61 is the same. However, along the direction away from the reference backlight partition 611, the effective size of pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox gradually decreases, which will cause the brightness of pixel rows P0 to gradually decrease. Therefore, the embodiments of this disclosure can provide pixel rows P0 with gradually increasing grayscale values ​​in the direction away from the reference backlight partition 611. That is, it is equivalent to attenuating the grayscale of pixel rows P0 with higher brightness, thereby improving the brightness uniformity of multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the entire backlight partition 61.

[0255] In some embodiments, the plurality of pixel rows P0 of the same backlight partition 61 includes at least one reference pixel row P0, and the effective size of the reference pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is smaller than the effective size of other pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox among the plurality of pixel rows P0 corresponding to the same backlight partition 61.

[0256] For multiple pixel rows P0 within the same backlight partition 61, excluding the reference pixel row P0, the ratio of the grayscale value of pixel row P0 to the grayscale value of the reference pixel row P0 is: Δh is the difference between the effective size of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox and the effective size of the reference pixel row P0 in the first direction ox, and h1 is the size of pixel row P0 in the first direction ox.

[0257] In this embodiment of the disclosure, for multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the same backlight partition 61, one pixel row P0 can be selected as the reference pixel row P0. The effective size of the reference pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is the smallest, that is, the brightness of the reference pixel row P0 is the smallest. And using the gray level of the reference pixel row P0 as the reference, the gray levels of other pixel rows P0 with greater brightness are attenuated, so as to further improve the brightness uniformity of multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to the same backlight partition 61.

[0258] In some embodiments, the plurality of backlight zones 61 include at least one reference backlight zone 611, wherein the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the reference backlight zone 611 in the first direction ox is smaller than the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to other backlight zones 61 in the first direction ox. Along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight zone 611, the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight zone 61 gradually decreases in the first direction ox. The effective size of two adjacent pixel rows P0 corresponding to different backlight zones 61 gradually decreases in the first direction ox. The last pixel row P0 in the same backlight zone 61 along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight zone 611 is the reference pixel row P0.

[0259] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the pixel row P0 located at the topmost side among the multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to each backlight partition 61 is used as the reference pixel row P0. That is, the pixel row P0 with the smallest effective size or the largest size blocked by the light-shielding layer 21 among the multiple pixel rows P0 corresponding to each backlight partition 61 is used as the reference pixel row P0, ensuring that the pixel row P0 with the smallest brightness is used as the reference pixel row P0.

[0260] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the size h3 of the gap region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox is equal to the size h4 of the gap region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox, and the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox.

[0261] In this case Δh1 = h1 - h2, where n is the row difference between pixel row P0 and the reference pixel row P0. For example, for a pixel row P0 adjacent to the reference pixel row P0, its row difference with the reference pixel row P0 is 1.

[0262] In some embodiments, the size h4 of the gap region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the size h3 of the gap region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox, and the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is equal to the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox.

[0263] In this case Δh2=h3-h4, where n is the row difference between pixel row P0 and the reference pixel row P0.

[0264] In some embodiments, the size h2 of the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the size h1 of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox, and the size h4 of the interval region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 in the first direction ox is smaller than the size h3 of the interval region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 in the first direction ox.

[0265] In this case Δh1=h1-h2, Δh2=h3-h4, and n is the row difference between pixel row P0 and the reference pixel row P0.

[0266] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the algorithm for further grayscale reduction within the backlight partition 61 can be set according to specific values ​​P1, P2, and specific brightness values ​​to determine how to reduce the grayscale.

[0267] In a specific example, for Figure 5 The display module shown introduces a grayscale attenuation coefficient. The grayscale of the current row is attenuated, where n is the distance between the current row and the top row (the number of rows between them). At this time, the top row is used as the reference pixel row P0, and the number of rows between the pixel rows P0 adjacent to the top row is 1. At this time, Δh=n(P1-P2).

[0268] Refer to the "Grayscale Attenuation Coefficient A" column in Table 1. For example, the attenuation coefficient of the ground plane. Therefore, when the signal grayscale is G, the actual displayed grayscale is G. The attenuation coefficient of the middle row Therefore, when the signal grayscale is G, the actual displayed grayscale is G. .

[0269] Through the aforementioned grayscale attenuation, in the current backlight row, the larger the relative aperture, the greater the grayscale reduction. In adjacent backlight rows, because the grayscale of the ground-side row is reduced while the grayscale of the sky-side row remains unchanged, the brightness jump between the two is effectively reduced.

[0270] Figure 20 These are display effect diagrams of the display module under different viewing angles in some embodiments.

[0271] like Figure 20 As shown in the diagram to the left of the middle arrow, under normal viewing conditions, the alignment of the screen center with the light-shielding layer 21 results in uniform brightness due to the shading of pixel Pi. The center is the brightest, with brightness gradually decreasing towards both sides. Optionally, the light-shielding layer 21 may include, for example, a black matrix BM.

[0272] However, in actual viewing, the perceived unevenness of brightness may differ depending on the viewing angle (i.e., overhead or low-angle view). For example... Figure 20 As shown in the right figure, changing from a normal viewing angle to a top or bottom viewing angle is equivalent to changing the alignment of the central light-shielding layer 21 to the alignment of a certain position of the light-shielding layer 21 in the lower or upper half of the screen when the phase adjustment structure 20 is attached.

[0273] It should be noted that when looking directly at the screen (eyes perpendicular to the screen): the brightest area is exactly at the vertical center of the screen. When looking down at the screen (eyes above the screen plane): the brightest central sweet spot shifts down to the lower half of the screen. When looking up at the screen (eyes below the screen plane): the brightest area shifts up to the upper half of the screen. Figure 20 The image shows the brightness display effect as observed from a top-down view.

[0274] At this point, the brightness uniformity over a wide viewing angle can be adjusted according to the aforementioned backlight zone 61 brightness adjustment method and display panel 10 zone grayscale adjustment method. At this point, the different "0" references of the multiple backlight zones 61 are no longer the center of the display panel 10 screen; the position of the "0" reference should be adjusted according to the different viewing angles.

[0275] In some embodiments, at least one reference backlight partition 611 further includes at least one second reference backlight partition. The effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the second reference backlight partition is larger than the effective size of the pixel row of the other backlight partitions. Along the direction away from the second reference backlight partition, the effective size of the pixel row P0 corresponding to the backlight partition 61 in the first direction ox gradually decreases. The effective size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox is the size of the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox after being blocked by the light-shielding layer 21, along a tilt angle deviating from the normal direction of the display panel 10.

[0276] The backlight controller is specifically configured to drive multiple backlight zones 61 such that the brightness of the backlight zones 61 gradually increases in a direction away from the second reference backlight zone.

[0277] In this embodiment of the disclosure, similarly, since the viewing angle is a wide angle, the pixel row P0 is obscured to the minimum and is no longer located at the center of the display panel 10. However, due to... Figure 20 As shown in the right figure, at a wide viewing angle, there exists a pixel row P0 with the largest effective size. It can be understood that this effective size should be the equivalent size of the pixel row P0 observable along the first direction ox. After confirming this pixel row P0, the backlight zone 61 corresponding to this pixel row P0 is the second reference backlight zone. Furthermore, the second reference backlight zone is different for different tilted viewing angles. Therefore, embodiments of this disclosure can set multiple second reference backlight zones with different tilted viewing angles according to needs or usage frequency, ensuring brightness uniformity across multiple viewing angles.

[0278] In some embodiments, the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows P0 includes a first spacing region. The spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers 22 includes a second spacing region. The central axis of the orthographic projection of the first spacing region onto the reference plane extending along the first direction ox coincides with the central axis of the orthographic projection of the second spacing region onto the reference plane extending along the first direction ox.

[0279] The angle between the tilt angle deviating from the normal direction of the display panel 10 and the normal direction of the display panel 10 is θ. The backlight partition 61 corresponding to the m-th pixel row P0 along the direction opposite to the tilt angle deviating from the normal direction of the display panel 10 is the second reference backlight partition. L is the distance between the display panel 10 and the phase adjustment structure 20, the first pixel row P0 is the pixel row P0 adjacent to the first interval region, and Δh is the difference between the sum of the dimensions of the first interval region and the pixel row P0 in the first direction ox (h1+h3) and the sum of the dimensions of the second interval region and the phase adjustment layer 22 in the first direction ox (h2+h4).

[0280] Based on the fact that the central axes of the first and second interval regions coincide, the smallest pixel row P0 blocked by the light-shielding layer 21 can be calculated according to the incident angle of the viewing angle. The backlight partition 61 corresponding to the pixel row P0 is the second reference backlight partition.

[0281] It should be noted that the m-th pixel row P0 in the direction opposite to the tilt angle deviating from the normal direction of the display panel 10 means, for example, when looking down, the tilt angle of the line of sight is upward, then the m-th pixel row P0 is the m-th pixel row P0 towards the lower side of the display panel 10 based on the aligned first interval area. Similarly, when looking up, the tilt angle of the line of sight is downward, then the m-th pixel row P0 is the m-th pixel row P0 towards the upper side of the display panel 10 based on the aligned first interval area.

[0282] In some specific situations, if the viewer is close enough to the screen of the display panel 10, the vertical viewing angle will be different depending on the position of the viewer. For example, the upper part of the screen is an upward viewing angle, the middle part of the screen is a straight viewing angle, and the bottom part of the screen is a downward viewing angle. The screen can be divided into three parts: upper, middle, and lower. Each part is assigned a different offset amount m1, m2, and m3.

[0283] It should be noted that the core basis for segmented offset correction of the vertical viewing angle differences (upper tilt angle, middle normal angle, and bottom tilt angle) of the upper, middle, and lower regions of the screen is the matching relationship between the total vertical field of view of the human eye and the vertical height of the screen.

[0284] When the viewing distance is too close, the vertical viewing angle difference between the top and bottom edges of the screen and the human eye exceeds the visual uniformity tolerance threshold. Therefore, offsets m1, m2, and m3 must be assigned in three segments. Once the distance reaches the critical value, the difference in vertical viewing angle across the entire screen becomes negligible, and the calculation can be uniformly based on the normal viewing angle m2. The following are the quantification critical standards, calculation formulas, and practical judgment values.

[0285] The tolerance error for the uniform vertical viewing angle for comfortable human eye observation is ±5°, and the core determination formula is as follows:

[0286]

[0287] In the formula, Δθ represents the vertical viewing angle deviation between the top and bottom edges of the screen and the center of the screen, H is the effective vertical height of the screen (unit: mm / cm), and D is the vertical viewing distance from the human eye to the screen plane (unit is the same as H). The viewing angle difference can be accurately calculated using trigonometric functions. This formula is a universal judgment core, compatible with all flat screen devices such as mobile phones, monitors, and televisions.

[0288] Within the close-range (three-segment offset correction is required: m1, m2, and m3 with differentiated values) range, the viewing distance must satisfy: D < 5.715 × screen vertical height H. The top of the screen exhibits a noticeable upward angle, and the bottom exhibits a noticeable downward angle. The difference between the vertical and central viewing angles exceeds the 5° tolerance threshold, and the visual perspective deviation is not negligible. These viewing angle differences must be offset using three different offsets to ensure uniform overall screen display. In everyday scenarios, close-range viewing of the screen, close-range staring at a monitor on a desktop, and close-range browsing with a handheld mobile phone all fall under this category.

[0289] Within the long-distance range (no segmentation required, uniform viewing angle across the entire screen), the viewing distance must satisfy: D ≥ 5.715 × screen vertical height H. The vertical viewing angle difference between the top and bottom edges of the screen and the center is ≤ 5°. The human eye cannot perceive a significant difference in tilt angle. The entire screen can be regarded as a uniform viewing angle plane, without the need to distinguish between upper, middle, and lower areas. Only a single offset is required to meet the display accuracy requirements, adapting to standard viewing distances for regular movie watching, office work, and general movie watching.

[0290] For example, for a 27-inch computer monitor: the effective vertical height is approximately 33.5cm, and the critical distance is approximately 191cm. Distances < 1.9 meters require three-stage correction, while distances ≥ 1.9 meters require a uniform viewing angle; for typical office viewing distances of 50-70cm, segmented offset values ​​must be assigned.

[0291] For a 6.5-inch phone: the effective vertical height is approximately 14.5cm, and the critical distance is approximately 83cm. If the distance is less than 83cm, three-stage correction is required. For everyday handheld viewing at a distance of 30-50cm, the values ​​m1, m2, and m3 must be assigned differently.

[0292] In some embodiments, the display module includes a first display area, a second display area, and a third display area arranged sequentially along a first direction ox. The first display area, the second display area, and the third display area correspond to the upper, middle, and lower parts of the screen, respectively.

[0293] The second display area includes at least a first reference backlight zone 61. For example, since the second display area is located in the middle and the viewing angle of the center of the screen is positive, it is sufficient to set only the first reference backlight zone initially. A second reference backlight zone can then be further set.

[0294] The multiple backlight zones 61 in the first display area include at least a second reference backlight zone, and the multiple backlight zones 61 in the third display area also include at least a second reference backlight zone. Since both the first and third display areas are tilted viewing angles, the corresponding second reference backlight zones can be set according to the viewing angle.

[0295] In summary, for a normal viewing angle, the technical solution of this disclosure coarsely adjusts the brightness uniformity by adjusting the brightness of different areas of the backlight partition 61, and finely adjusts the brightness uniformity by adjusting the grayscale of the display area of ​​the display panel 10 corresponding to different backlight partitions 61, thereby improving the brightness uniformity and improving the problem of poor brightness uniformity caused by the inward shrinkage of the phase adjustment structure 20.

[0296] Meanwhile, at wide viewing angles, the technical solution disclosed herein introduces an offset to convert the viewing angle into an offset. After considering this offset, the brightness of different areas of the backlight partition 61 and the grayscale of the display area of ​​the display panel 10 corresponding to different backlight partitions 61 are adjusted to achieve the goal of improving brightness uniformity under different viewing angles.

[0297] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of this disclosure, and this disclosure is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of this disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that, include: The display panel includes a plurality of pixel rows arranged along a first direction, the pixel rows include a plurality of pixels arranged along a second direction, the plurality of pixel rows include a plurality of first pixel row groups and a plurality of second pixel row groups arranged alternately in sequence, the first pixel row group includes at least one pixel row, and the second pixel row group includes at least one pixel row. A backlight source is located on the backlight side of the display panel. The backlight source includes a plurality of backlight zones arranged along a first direction, and the backlight zones are used to provide light to at least one pixel row. A phase adjustment structure is located on the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the phase adjustment structure includes: A light-shielding layer having a plurality of receiving openings arranged along a first direction; A plurality of phase adjustment layers are arranged along a first direction, the phase adjustment layers being located within the receiving opening. The size of the plurality of phase adjustment layers in the first direction is smaller than the size of the plurality of pixel rows in the first direction. The plurality of phase adjustment layers include a plurality of first phase adjustment layers and second phase adjustment layers arranged alternately in sequence. The orthographic projection of the first phase adjustment layer on the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel row in the first pixel row group on the reference plane. The reference plane is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the display module. The orthographic projection of the second phase adjustment layer on the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel row in the second pixel row group on the reference plane. The optical axes of the first phase adjustment layer and the second phase adjustment layer are orthogonal, enabling them to generate mutually orthogonal phase modulation of incident light. Wherein, the light-shielding layer has different occlusion sizes for at least a portion of the pixel rows in the first direction; The display module further includes a backlight controller electrically connected to the backlight source. The backlight controller is configured to drive the plurality of backlight zones such that the backlight zones corresponding to the pixel rows with smaller effective size in the first direction have higher brightness, and the backlight zones corresponding to the pixel rows with larger effective size in the first direction have lower brightness.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of backlight zones include at least one reference backlight zone, wherein the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the reference backlight zone in the first direction is greater than the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the other backlight zones in the first direction. Along the direction away from the reference backlight partition, the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition gradually decreases in the first direction; The backlight controller is specifically configured to drive the plurality of backlight zones such that the brightness of the backlight zones gradually increases in a direction away from the reference backlight zone.

3. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The at least one reference backlight zone includes at least one first reference backlight zone; The first reference backlight partition is blocked by the light-shielding layer in the first direction by a smaller size than the pixel row of other backlight partitions is blocked by the light-shielding layer in the first direction. The effective size of the pixel row in the first direction is the size of the pixel row in the first direction after it is blocked by the light-shielding layer, along the normal direction of the display panel.

4. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows on the reference plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers on the reference plane. The interval region between two adjacent pixel rows includes the first interval region; The interval region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers includes a second interval region; The overlap area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first spacing region on the reference plane and the orthographic projection of the second spacing region on the reference plane is greater than the overlap area of ​​the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows on the reference plane and the orthographic projection of the spacing region between two corresponding adjacent phase adjustment layers on the reference plane. Wherein, the orthographic projection of the first reference backlight partition on the reference plane is located on at least one side of the orthographic projection of the second interval region on the reference plane along the first direction.

5. The display module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The central axis of the orthographic projection of the first interval region on the reference plane extending along the first direction coincides with the central axis of the orthographic projection of the second interval region on the reference plane extending along the first direction. The at least one first reference backlight zone includes two adjacent first reference backlight zones, and the orthographic projection of the two adjacent first reference backlight zones on the reference plane is located on opposite sides of the orthographic projection of the second interval region on the reference plane along the first direction. For a plurality of backlight zones located on the side of the first first reference backlight zone away from the second first reference backlight zone, the size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight zone blocked by the light-shielding layer in the first direction gradually increases along the direction away from the first first reference backlight zone. For a plurality of backlight zones located on the side of the second first reference backlight zone away from the first first reference backlight zone, the size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight zone blocked by the light-shielding layer in the first direction gradually increases along the direction away from the second first reference backlight zone. The backlight controller is specifically configured to control the plurality of backlight zones such that, along a direction away from the first first reference backlight zone, the brightness of the plurality of backlight zones located on the side of the first first reference backlight zone away from the second first reference backlight zone gradually increases, and, along a direction away from the second first reference backlight zone, the brightness of the plurality of backlight zones located on the side of the second first reference backlight zone away from the first first reference backlight zone gradually increases.

6. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The backlight partition corresponds to multiple pixel rows; For multiple pixel rows corresponding to the same backlight partition, the size of the pixel row blocked by the light-shielding layer in the first direction gradually increases along the direction away from the corresponding first reference backlight partition.

7. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first reference backlight partition is either the first backlight partition or the last backlight partition arranged along the first direction.

8. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The at least one reference backlight zone further includes at least one second reference backlight zone; The effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the second reference backlight partition is larger than the effective size of the pixel row of other backlight partitions, and the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition gradually decreases in the first direction along the direction away from the second reference backlight partition. The effective size of the pixel row in the first direction is the tilt angle along the direction deviating from the normal of the display panel, and the size of the pixel row in the first direction after being blocked by the light-shielding layer; The backlight controller is specifically configured to drive the plurality of backlight zones such that the brightness of the backlight zones gradually increases in a direction away from the second reference backlight zone.

9. The display module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The interval region between two adjacent pixel rows includes the first interval region; The interval region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers includes a second interval region; The central axis of the orthographic projection of the first interval region on the reference plane extending along the first direction coincides with the central axis of the orthographic projection of the second interval region on the reference plane extending along the first direction. The angle between the tilt angle deviating from the normal direction of the display panel and the normal direction of the display panel is θ. The backlight partition corresponding to the m-th pixel row along the direction opposite to the tilt angle deviating from the normal direction of the display panel is the second reference backlight partition. L is the distance between the display panel and the phase adjustment structure, the first pixel row is the pixel row adjacent to the first interval region, and Δh is the difference between the sum of the dimensions of the first interval region and the pixel row in the first direction and the sum of the dimensions of the second interval region and the phase adjustment layer in the first direction.

10. The display module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The display module includes a first display area, a second display area, and a third display area arranged sequentially along a first direction; Wherein, the plurality of backlight zones in the second display area include at least a first reference backlight zone, the plurality of backlight zones in the first display area include at least a second reference backlight zone, and the plurality of backlight zones in the third display area include at least a second reference backlight zone.

11. The display module according to any one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that, One reference backlight zone corresponds to at least one backlight zone to be calibrated; The ratio of the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition to be calibrated in the first direction to the size of the pixel row in the first direction is equal to the ratio of the brightness of the corresponding reference backlight partition to the brightness of the backlight partition to be calibrated.

12. The display module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction is equal to the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction, and the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction is smaller than the size of the pixel row in the first direction; For a reference backlight partition and a corresponding backlight partition to be calibrated, the difference between the effective size of the first pixel row in the first direction and the size of the pixel row in the first direction along the direction away from the reference backlight partition is the difference between the size of the pixel row in the first direction and the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction. The difference in the effective size of two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction is the difference between the size of the pixel row in the first direction and the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction; The backlight partition corresponds to at least one pixel row, and the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition to be calibrated in the first direction is equal to the average size of all pixel rows corresponding to the backlight partition to be calibrated in the first direction.

13. The display module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The size of the interval region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction is smaller than the size of the interval region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction, and the size of the pixel row in the first direction is equal to the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction; For a reference backlight partition and a corresponding backlight partition to be calibrated, the difference between the effective size of the first pixel row in the first direction and the size of the pixel row in the first direction is half the difference between the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction and the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction. The difference in effective size of two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction is the difference between the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction and the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction. The backlight partition corresponds to at least one pixel row, and the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition to be calibrated in the first direction is equal to the average size of all pixel rows corresponding to the backlight partition to be calibrated in the first direction.

14. The display module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction is smaller than the size of the pixel row in the first direction, and the size of the interval region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction is smaller than the size of the interval region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction. For a reference backlight partition and a corresponding backlight partition to be calibrated, the difference between the effective size of the first pixel row in the first direction and the size of the pixel row in the first direction along the direction away from the reference backlight partition is half the difference between the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction and the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction, and the sum of the differences between the size of the pixel row in the first direction and the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction. The difference in effective size of two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction is the difference between the size of the pixel row in the first direction and the size of the phase adjustment layer in the first direction, and the sum of the difference between the size of the spacing region between two adjacent pixel rows in the first direction and the size of the spacing region between two adjacent phase adjustment layers in the first direction; The backlight partition corresponds to at least one pixel row, and the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition to be calibrated in the first direction is equal to the average size of all pixel rows corresponding to the backlight partition to be calibrated in the first direction.

15. The display module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The backlight partition corresponds to multiple pixel rows; The effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition is the average of the effective sizes of the multiple pixel rows corresponding to the backlight partition.

16. The display module according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that, The backlight partition corresponds to multiple pixel rows, and at least two pixel rows in the same backlight partition have different effective sizes in the first direction; The display module further includes a driving circuit board electrically connected to the display panel. The driving circuit board is configured to output a larger grayscale value to a pixel row with a smaller effective size in a first direction and to output a smaller grayscale value to a pixel row with a larger effective size in the first direction.

17. The display module according to claim 16, characterized in that, Along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight partition, the effective size of multiple pixel rows corresponding to the same backlight partition gradually decreases in the first direction; The driving circuit board is specifically configured to provide gradually increasing grayscale values ​​to multiple pixel rows corresponding to the same backlight partition along a direction away from the corresponding reference backlight partition.

18. The display module according to claim 17, characterized in that, Multiple pixel rows of the same backlight partition include at least one reference pixel row, and the effective size of the reference pixel row in the first direction is smaller than the effective size of other pixel rows in the first direction among the multiple pixel rows corresponding to the same backlight partition. For multiple pixel rows within the same backlight partition, excluding the reference pixel row, the ratio of the grayscale value of the pixel row to the grayscale value of the reference pixel row is: Δh is the difference between the effective size of the pixel row in the first direction and the effective size of the reference pixel row in the first direction, and h1 is the size of the pixel row in the first direction.

19. The display module according to claim 18, characterized in that, The plurality of backlight zones include at least one reference backlight zone, wherein the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the reference backlight zone in the first direction is smaller than the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the other backlight zones in the first direction. Along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight partition, the effective size of the pixel row corresponding to the backlight partition gradually decreases in the first direction; The effective size of two adjacent pixel rows corresponding to different backlight zones gradually decreases in the first direction; The last pixel row in the same backlight zone along the direction away from the corresponding reference backlight zone is the reference pixel row.

20. The display module according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that, The backlight controller is further configured to control the brightness of the backlight zone by adjusting the driving parameters applied to the backlight zone; The driving parameters include at least one of driving voltage and driving current.

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