A BIM-based visual mechanical and electrical operation and maintenance monitoring method and system

Abstract

The application provides a BIM-based visual mechanical and electrical operation and maintenance monitoring method and system, and relates to the technical field of mechanical and electrical operation and maintenance management. The method comprises the following steps: developing a parameterized model generator; establishing a mapping relationship between adjustable variables and equipment models; generating equipment models matched with assigned values, and binding the equipment parameters after assignment to the equipment models as attribute data; constructing an equipment model library supporting dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization; calling corresponding equipment models from the equipment model library according to the selection requirements of a target mechanical and electrical project, and integrating and displaying the equipment models in a visual monitoring interface and associating with operation and maintenance data. The application has the advantages of improving parameterized modeling efficiency, realizing dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization of the equipment model library, realizing deep integration of operation and maintenance data and BIM models, improving the intuitiveness and efficiency of operation and maintenance monitoring, and reducing the technical threshold for expansion of the equipment model library.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromechanical operation and maintenance management technology, and in particular, to a BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology is one of the core technologies for the digital transformation of the construction industry, playing an increasingly important role in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases of building projects. In the field of electromechanical engineering, the wide variety of equipment, complex parameters, and rapid model updates pose significant challenges to the 3D modeling and operation and maintenance monitoring of electromechanical systems.

[0003] Currently, BIM modeling software (such as Revit, ArchiCAD, Bentley, etc.) has the following technical problems in modeling electromechanical equipment:

[0004] First, parametric modeling capabilities are insufficient. In existing BIM software, the creation of electromechanical equipment models often requires users to manually set multiple parameters, and these parameters lack inter-parameter relationships. When equipment models or specifications change, users need to manually readjust multiple parameters, which is inefficient and prone to errors. Although some parametric modeling methods based on Dynamo or Excel exist, these methods often require users to frequently switch between BIM software and third-party tools, lacking a unified, tool-based solution. For example, Chinese patent CN111063030B discloses a Dynamo-based BIM parametric modeling method that assigns parameters to the model by reading an Excel spreadsheet. However, this method requires users to write program logic in Dynamo, making it unsuitable for engineers without a programming background.

[0005] Secondly, expanding the equipment model library is difficult. The equipment model libraries built into BIM modeling software often only provide general standard models, failing to meet the customized needs of different equipment manufacturers and project types. Currently, when users need to use new models or equipment from new manufacturers, they usually need to contact the software manufacturer for customized development, resulting in long response times and high costs. For example, Chinese patent application CN202511206756 points out that existing BIM software "can only use its built-in types and models; for missing types and models, users can only contact the software manufacturer for customized development," and there are problems such as "slow response speed" and even "not necessarily receiving a response from the manufacturer." Although researchers have proposed various equipment model library management schemes, these schemes mostly focus on the storage organization and intelligent retrieval of the equipment model library (such as the topology-based equipment model library management method disclosed in Chinese patent CN121723828A), rather than the automated generation and dynamic expansion of model instances.

[0006] Third, there is a separation between operation and maintenance data and the BIM model. During the operation and maintenance phase of electromechanical systems, there is a lack of effective correlation between real-time operational data collected by IoT sensors (such as temperature, pressure, and current) and the equipment models in the BIM model. Operation and maintenance personnel often need to switch between multiple systems and cannot intuitively view the equipment's 3D location, parameter files, and real-time operating status on a single interface. This separation of data and model reduces the efficiency and response speed of electromechanical operation and maintenance.

[0007] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to design a BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method or system. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing BIM electromechanical modeling and operation and maintenance monitoring technologies, such as low efficiency of parametric modeling, difficulty in expanding equipment model libraries, and separation of operation and maintenance data from models. This invention provides a BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method and system, which enables rapid parametric generation of electromechanical equipment models, dynamic expansion of equipment model libraries, and visualized monitoring of operation and maintenance data.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1: Develop a parametric model generator based on the application programming interface of BIM modeling software;

[0012] S2: Using the parametric model generator, encapsulate the various equipment parameters of the electromechanical equipment into adjustable variables, and establish a mapping relationship between the adjustable variables and the equipment model;

[0013] S3: In response to the user's assignment operation to the adjustable variable, automatically generate a device model that matches the assigned value, and bind the assigned device parameters as attribute data to the device model;

[0014] The attribute data includes data link information used for data association with external operation and maintenance monitoring systems;

[0015] S4: Construct a device model library that supports dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization. The device model library is used to store the device models generated in step S3 and their bound attributes.

[0016] S5: Based on the selection requirements of the target electromechanical project, call the corresponding equipment model from the equipment model library, and integrate and display it in the visual monitoring interface and associate it with operation and maintenance data.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the equipment parameters in step S2 include geometric parameters, technical performance parameters, manufacturer information parameters, and maintenance cycle parameters; the adjustable variables are provided to the user for input or selection through a parameterized dialog box or attribute table.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the attribute data binding in step S3 specifically includes: writing the values ​​of the device parameters into the shared parameters or project parameters of the device model, and establishing a data link with an external operation and maintenance database. The data link is configured to obtain device operating status data from the external operation and maintenance database in real time or periodically.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device model library in step S4 supports dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization, specifically including:

[0020] It provides manufacturer-customized templates, allowing different equipment manufacturers to define their own exclusive parameter sets and model styles;

[0021] In response to a new manufacturer's equipment addition command, the device parameter table in the external data source is parsed and a new combination of adjustable variables is automatically generated. The parameterized model generator is then called to create a new model instance, enabling no-code dynamic expansion of the device model library.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the visualization monitoring interface in step S5 includes a 3D BIM model view, a device list tree diagram, and a real-time operation data dashboard; when the user selects a device model in the 3D BIM model view, the corresponding item in the device list tree diagram is highlighted synchronously and its bound real-time operation and maintenance data is displayed.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of parsing the device parameter table in the external data source and automatically generating a new model instance specifically includes:

[0024] Identify column headers from external data sources as parameter names;

[0025] The parameter type is automatically inferred based on the parameter value range, and the parameter type includes numeric, text, and Boolean types.

[0026] The system analyzes the constraints between equipment parameters and automatically adds the corresponding constraint logic during the generation of the parameterized model.

[0027] Based on the parsing results, call the API to generate parameterized model instances, and store the newly generated model instances by manufacturer.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the real-time operation data dashboard responds to the selection operation of the equipment model and dynamically displays the real-time operation data curve, historical operation data statistics and equipment parameter file information corresponding to the equipment model.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operation and maintenance data association in step S5 includes: associating and mapping physical devices with device models in the visual monitoring interface through QR codes or radio frequency identification tags, for rapid location and data query during on-site inspections.

[0030] Secondly, the present invention provides a BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring system, the monitoring system comprising:

[0031] Parametric model generation module: Develop a parametric model generator based on the application programming interface of BIM modeling software;

[0032] Mapping Establishment Module: Using the parameterized model generator, the various equipment parameters of the electromechanical equipment are encapsulated as adjustable variables, and a mapping relationship is established between the adjustable variables and the equipment model;

[0033] Attribute binding module: In response to the user's assignment operation of the adjustable variable, it automatically generates a device model that matches the assigned value, and binds the assigned device parameters as attribute data to the device model;

[0034] The attribute data includes data link information used for data association with external operation and maintenance monitoring systems;

[0035] Equipment model library construction module: Constructs an equipment model library that supports dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization. The equipment model library is used to store the equipment models generated by the attribute binding module and their bound attributes.

[0036] Visual monitoring module: Based on the selection requirements of the target electromechanical project, it calls the corresponding equipment model from the equipment model library and integrates and displays it in the visual monitoring interface, as well as associates it with operation and maintenance data.

[0037] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method provided by any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0038] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method provided by any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method and system of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] Improve the efficiency of parametric modeling: Develop a parametric model generator through API, encapsulate equipment parameters as adjustable variables and establish a mapping relationship with geometric dimensions. Users only need to assign values ​​to the adjustable variables to automatically generate a matching 3D model, which greatly reduces the manual operation steps and the probability of errors in modeling.

[0041] Enables dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization of the equipment model library: Through manufacturer-customized templates and external data source parsing mechanisms, the equipment model library can automatically generate new model instances in response to new manufacturers' equipment addition commands. This allows for rapid adaptation to new equipment models without code development, solving the problem in existing technologies where equipment model library expansion relies on software manufacturer customization.

[0042] Achieving deep integration of operation and maintenance data with BIM models: By binding equipment parameters as attribute data to the equipment model and establishing a data link with the external operation and maintenance database, the BIM model can display the equipment's operating status data in real time, realizing the transformation of the BIM model from a "static geometric model" to a "dynamic operation and maintenance platform".

[0043] Enhance the intuitiveness and efficiency of operation and maintenance monitoring: Through the three-in-one interactive interface of 3D BIM model view, equipment list tree diagram and real-time data dashboard, as well as synchronous highlighting and data display when selecting models, operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively locate equipment and view data in a unified interface, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of operation and maintenance monitoring.

[0044] Lowering the technical barrier to expanding the equipment model library: Through the "no-code dynamic expansion" mechanism, ordinary engineers can generate model instances of new equipment models simply by filling in the equipment parameter table, without needing programming skills, thus lowering the technical barrier to expanding the equipment model library. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] The following description provides several embodiments of this application. Different embodiments can be substituted or combined. Therefore, this application can also be considered to include all possible combinations of the same and / or different embodiments described. Thus, if one embodiment includes features A, B, and C, and another embodiment includes features B and D, then this application should also be considered to include embodiments containing one or more other possible combinations of A, B, C, and D, even if such embodiments are not explicitly described in the following text.

[0049] The following description provides examples and does not limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the described elements without departing from the scope of this application. Various processes or components may be appropriately omitted, substituted, or added to the examples. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, features described with respect to some examples may be combined into other examples.

[0050] Example 1: As Figure 1 The illustration shown is merely one embodiment of the present invention. The following implementation uses Autodesk Revit as a specific example of BIM modeling software for explanation. However, the technical solution of the present invention is also applicable to other BIM modeling software, such as ArchiCAD, Bentley, etc., and only requires adaptation development according to the API of the corresponding software.

[0051] In this invention, the "parametric model generator" refers to a program component that, by calling the BIM modeling software API, can automatically generate a corresponding 3D model based on input equipment parameters and establish a mapping relationship between parameters and geometric dimensions. In this specific embodiment, the "model" function of Revit software is used as an example for illustration, but the scope of protection of this invention is not limited thereto.

[0052] In this embodiment of the application, the method includes:

[0053] Step S1: Develop a parametric model generator based on the application programming interface (API) of BIM modeling software.

[0054] BIM modeling software includes, but is not limited to, mainstream BIM platforms such as Revit, ArchiCAD, and Bentley. Taking Revit as an example, a standalone parametric model generator can be developed using the Revit API (Application Programming Interface). This tool runs as a plug-in or a standalone executable program, and its main function is to provide users with a unified interactive interface for configuring equipment parameters and automatically generating corresponding parametric model files.

[0055] Step S2: Using a parametric model generator, encapsulate the various equipment parameters of the electromechanical equipment into adjustable variables, and establish a mapping relationship between the adjustable variables and the geometric dimensions and non-geometric attributes of the equipment model.

[0056] Equipment parameters include, but are not limited to, geometric parameters (such as length, width, height, diameter, etc.), technical performance parameters (such as rated power, rated voltage, flow rate, head, etc.), manufacturer information parameters (such as manufacturer name, equipment model, production batch number, etc.), and operation and maintenance cycle parameters (such as design life, recommended maintenance cycle, last maintenance time, etc.).

[0057] The parametric model generator encapsulates these equipment parameters into user-operable "adjustable variables" and internally establishes a mapping relationship between the adjustable variables and the geometric dimensions of the equipment model. For example, for a wind turbine, changes in its "airflow" parameter not only affect the technical performance attributes of the equipment, but may also be related to geometric and non-geometric attributes such as the size of the wind turbine (e.g., changes in impeller diameter affect the casing size) and color (e.g., different performance levels correspond to different appearance colors).

[0058] Step S3: In response to the user's assignment of values ​​to the adjustable variables, automatically generate a device model that matches the assigned values, and bind the assigned device parameters as attribute data to the device model.

[0059] After the user enters or selects device parameter values ​​in the parameterization dialog box or attribute table, the parameterization model generator automatically generates a 3D device model that matches the set of parameter values ​​based on the mapping relationship established in step S2. At the same time, the user's assignment results (i.e., the final determined device parameter values) are bound to the generated device model as attribute data.

[0060] In a preferred implementation, attribute data binding specifically includes: writing the values ​​of equipment parameters into the shared parameters or project parameters of the equipment model, and establishing a data link with an external operation and maintenance database. This data link is configured to obtain equipment operating status data (such as real-time temperature, operating current, cumulative operating time, etc.) from the external operation and maintenance database in real time or periodically, making the BIM model not only a static geometric information carrier, but also a dynamic operation and maintenance data display platform.

[0061] Step S4: Build a device model library that supports dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization. The device model library is used to store the device models generated in step S3 and their bound attributes.

[0062] The equipment model library differs from traditional BIM equipment model libraries in that the models in traditional equipment model libraries are pre-built static files, while the models in the equipment model library of this invention are dynamically generated based on equipment parameter definitions, and support manufacturer customization and no-code extensions.

[0063] Specifically, the dynamic expansion of the equipment model library is achieved through the following methods: First, it provides manufacturer-customized templates, allowing different equipment manufacturers to define their own exclusive parameter sets and model styles; second, in response to a new manufacturer's equipment addition command, it parses the equipment parameter table from external data sources (such as Excel workbooks, CSV files, JSON configuration files, or database tables), automatically generates new adjustable variable combinations, and calls the parameterized model generator to create new model instances. The entire process requires no coding, achieving "code-free dynamic expansion" of the equipment model library.

[0064] Step S5: Based on the selection requirements of the target electromechanical project, call the corresponding equipment model from the equipment model library, and integrate and display it in the visual monitoring interface and associate it with operation and maintenance data.

[0065] After selecting equipment for the electromechanical project, users retrieve the corresponding equipment models from the equipment model library and place them into the BIM project scene. A visual monitoring interface integrates and displays these equipment models, linking them to operation and maintenance monitoring data. In a preferred embodiment, the visual monitoring interface includes a 3D BIM model view, an equipment list tree diagram, and a real-time operation data dashboard. When a user selects an equipment model in the 3D BIM model view, the corresponding item in the equipment list tree diagram is simultaneously highlighted, and its associated real-time operation and maintenance data is displayed.

[0066] Example 2: As before Figure 1 The illustration shown is merely one embodiment of the present invention. Based on Embodiment 1, the implementation of the parametric model generator in the BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method of the present invention is further described as follows:

[0067] First, there's the foundation for Revit API development. Revit is one of the most widely used BIM modeling software programs in the construction industry today. It provides a fully functional API (Application Programming Interface), supporting developers in creating Revit plugins using programming languages ​​such as C# and VB.NET. The Revit API provides interfaces for creating, modifying, and accessing various elements in Revit documents, including core objects such as Family, FamilyInstance, and Parameter.

[0068] In this implementation, the parametric model generator is implemented as a Revit add-in. After the user installs the add-in, a corresponding function button appears in the Revit toolbar; clicking it brings up the parametric device generation dialog box.

[0069] The core steps in generating a parametric model are as follows:

[0070] (1) Create a new model document using the Application.Create.NewFamilyDocument() method in the Revit-API;

[0071] (2) Based on the equipment type selected by the user (such as fan, water pump, air conditioning unit, etc.), obtain the corresponding geometric shape construction logic from the predefined geometric template library; the geometric shape can be constructed using the basic geometric shape generation methods provided by Revit API such as Extrusion, Blend, and Revolve;

[0072] (3) Encapsulate equipment parameters as adjustable variables; taking a chiller unit as an example, the parameters that users need to set include:

[0073] Geometric parameters: length (L), width (W), height (H);

[0074] Technical parameters: Cooling Capacity, Power Input;

[0075] Manufacturer parameters: Manufacturer, Model No.;

[0076] Operation and maintenance parameters: DesignLife (design life, unit: years), MaintenanceCycle (maintenance cycle, unit: months);

[0077] These parameters are added to the model using the Revit API's FamilyManager.AddParameter() method, becoming user-editable model parameters;

[0078] (4) Establish the mapping relationship between parameters; for example, there may be a proportional constraint between cooling capacity and geometric dimensions: when the cooling capacity increases, the geometric dimensions of the equipment increase by a certain proportion; this mapping relationship can be achieved through the FamilyManager.Set() method and formula expression of Revit API.

[0079] The model is automatically generated after parameter assignment:

[0080] After the user enters or selects parameter values ​​through the dialog box, the parameterized model generator performs the following operations:

[0081] Call the FamilyManager.Set() method to write the user-inputted parameter values ​​into the model parameters;

[0082] Revit automatically updates the dimensions of the geometry based on the values ​​of the model parameters;

[0083] After generating the complete model file, save it as a .rfa model file using the FamilyDocument.SaveAs() method.

[0084] Example 3: As before Figure 1 The above is merely one embodiment of the present invention. Based on any of the above embodiments, the implementation of the dynamically expanding equipment model library in the BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method of the present invention is further described.

[0085] First, there is the overall architecture of the equipment model library. The dynamic equipment model library includes standard equipment model library units, manufacturer-customized library units, and model extension interface units.

[0086] Standard Equipment Model Library Unit: Stores verified, universally applicable equipment models, suitable for rapid selection in routine projects.

[0087] Manufacturer Customization Library Unit: Stores customized models with specific parameters and appearances categorized by manufacturer. Each manufacturer corresponds to a subdirectory, and each equipment model corresponds to a model file.

[0088] Model Extension Interface Unit: Provides an API interface for importing external manufacturer data tables or parameter configuration files, triggering the automatic generation and import of new model instances into the database.

[0089] Secondly, the implementation process of no-code dynamic expansion is as follows. Taking the addition of a manufacturer named "XX Fan Factory" and its three models of fans as an example, the process is as follows:

[0090] (1) The user obtains the equipment parameter table (Excel format) from the manufacturer. The table contains columns such as equipment model, rated air volume, rated power, external dimensions, weight, and manufacturer identification.

[0091] (2) When the user selects "Import Manufacturer Data" in the parametric model generator, the tool displays a file selection dialog box;

[0092] (3) The tool parses the Excel file, identifies the column headers as parameter names, and automatically infers the parameter type based on the data content of each column (e.g., if the data in the "Rated Air Volume" column is numerical, it is inferred to be a numerical type; if the data in the "Model" column is text, it is inferred to be a text type).

[0093] (4) The tool further analyzes the implicit constraint relationship between equipment parameters; for example, the length in "external dimensions" should have a positive correlation with "rated air volume". The tool can detect this correlation and automatically add the corresponding constraint formula in the generated model;

[0094] (5) The tool calls the Revit API one by one to create parametric model instances based on the analysis results: For each row of data in the table, a set of parameter-value correspondences is generated, and the corresponding model file is created. "This process is fully automated and requires no manual intervention."

[0095] (6) The newly generated model files are stored in the manufacturer-customized library unit according to the manufacturer, and the equipment model library index is updated synchronously for subsequent project selection.

[0096] In traditional methods of expanding equipment model libraries, adding a new equipment model often requires hours or even days of manual modeling. However, this invention, through its no-code dynamic expansion mechanism, only requires the user to provide an Excel spreadsheet containing equipment parameters, and all model instances can be automatically generated within seconds to minutes, significantly improving expansion efficiency.

[0097] Example 4: As before Figure 1 The above illustration is merely one embodiment of the present invention. Based on any of the above embodiments, the interactive implementation of the visual monitoring interface in the BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method of the present invention is further described as follows:

[0098] First, regarding the interface layout and interaction, the visual monitoring interface adopts a three-column layout:

[0099] Left sidebar: Equipment list tree diagram, which displays all equipment in layers according to professional category (air conditioning, water supply and drainage, electrical, fire protection, etc.) and equipment type (fans, water pumps, distribution boxes, etc.). Each node displays the equipment name, number and current operating status icon.

[0100] Central Area: A 3D BIM model view that displays the building structure and electromechanical equipment model in 3D form, supporting interactive operations such as rotation, zoom, and panning.

[0101] Right sidebar: Real-time operating data dashboard, which displays detailed operating data of the currently selected device, including real-time numerical curves, historical data trends, device parameter files, etc.

[0102] Secondly, there is the synchronization and association between the model and the data. When a user clicks on a device model in the 3D BIM model view, the following synchronization updates are triggered:

[0103] The unique identifier (ElementID or GUID) of the selected device model can be obtained through the event response mechanism of UI frameworks such as WPF or Qt.

[0104] The device list tree view automatically scrolls to the corresponding device item and highlights it;

[0105] Send a query request to the operation and maintenance data server to obtain the real-time operating data of the device;

[0106] The real-time data dashboard loads and displays data.

[0107] Conversely, when a user selects a device in the device list tree view, the 3D model view automatically moves the view center to the selected device and highlights it.

[0108] Finally, there is a visual indication of the operating status. The status indicator unit uses color and animation to intuitively express the device status based on the comparison results of the received real-time operating data and preset thresholds.

[0109] Normal state: The device model is displayed in green and is static.

[0110] Warning status: The device model is displayed in yellow, accompanied by a slow flashing animation (period of about 1 second);

[0111] Alarm status: The device model is displayed in red, accompanied by a rapid flashing animation (period of about 0.3 seconds) and a pop-up notification.

[0112] In addition, when the alarm push unit detects that real-time data exceeds the preset threshold, it automatically generates alarm information (including device name, location, abnormal parameter name, current value, threshold, and occurrence time), displays it in the notification area in the upper right corner of the visual monitoring interface, and can be pushed to the terminal devices of designated maintenance personnel via SMS, email, or enterprise instant messaging tools.

[0113] Example 5: As before Figure 1 The above illustration is merely one embodiment of the present invention. Based on any of the above embodiments, the present invention provides a BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method, further describing data fusion. During visualized monitoring and display, it is also necessary to associate the real-time electromechanical operation data collected by IoT sensors with the attribute data bound to the equipment model. This is called data fusion, and includes an IoT data access subunit, as detailed below:

[0114] The first step is data access. The IoT data access subunit communicates with IoT sensors deployed on electromechanical equipment via the MQTT protocol. MQTT is a lightweight publish / subscribe messaging protocol, particularly suitable for IoT scenarios. The access process is as follows:

[0115] Each sensor node acts as an MQTT client, connecting to the MQTTBroker via WiFi or 4G / 5G networks;

[0116] The sensor publishes data in a predefined topic format, such as " / buildingA / floor3 / AHU-101 / temperature";

[0117] The IoT data access subunit subscribes to all relevant topics and receives real-time operational data collected by sensors, including temperature, pressure, flow rate, current, voltage, vibration, and rotational speed.

[0118] The second step is data fusion. The data fusion unit associates the received sensor data with the attribute data established in step S3; specifically:

[0119] Each sensor node corresponds to a device ID, and this ID is pre-mapped with the unique identifier of the device model in the BIM model;

[0120] The data fusion unit maintains an in-memory cache table that stores a mapping of "device ID - latest sensor reading - update time";

[0121] When the visualization monitoring module needs to display the real-time data of a device, it queries the cache table to obtain the latest value.

[0122] For scenarios requiring historical data display, the data fusion unit queries historical data from the time-series database and returns it.

[0123] Finally, here's an example of data flow, using an air conditioning unit (AHU-101) as an example to illustrate the complete data flow path:

[0124] Modeling phase: Users create an AHU-101 equipment model using a parametric model generator. In step S3, the equipment parameters (rated air volume, rated cooling capacity, motor power, etc.) are bound to the model as attribute data.

[0125] Deployment phase: The AHU-101 model is deployed into the BIM project scene. The system assigns a unique identifier to the device and establishes a mapping with the sensors on the physical devices on site.

[0126] During operation: The field sensors collect the air supply temperature every 5 seconds and report it to the IoT platform via the MQTT protocol; after the IoT data access subunit receives the data, the data fusion unit updates the cache.

[0127] Monitoring Phase: Maintenance personnel click on the AHU-101 model in the visual monitoring interface, and the real-time data dashboard immediately displays the current supply air temperature (real-time curve) and the set temperature threshold information. If the supply air temperature exceeds the upper limit threshold, the status indicator unit will display the AHU-101 model as yellow (warning) or red (alarm) and trigger an alarm push.

[0128] Example 6: As before Figure 1 The above illustration is merely one embodiment of the present invention. Based on any of the above embodiments, the present invention's BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method also includes other designs, as follows:

[0129] In practical operation and maintenance scenarios, on-site inspection is an essential part of the work. To facilitate on-site personnel in quickly locating equipment and viewing data, this invention provides a QR code / RFID-assisted association solution:

[0130] After the equipment is installed, the system generates a unique QR code or RFID tag code for each equipment model, containing information such as the equipment ID, location coordinates, and maintenance instructions. This QR code can be printed and affixed to the physical equipment, or the RFID tag can be embedded in the equipment nameplate.

[0131] On-site inspection personnel use mobile devices (such as smartphones and PDAs) to scan QR codes or sense RFID tags. The mobile app parses the encoded information and sends a query request to the system via wireless network to obtain real-time operating data, historical data, maintenance records, and other information about the equipment, which is then displayed on the mobile app screen. Simultaneously, the mobile app can access the equipment's location function (GPS or indoor positioning) to assist inspection personnel in locating the equipment.

[0132] This solution achieves a closed-loop connection between "physical equipment - QR code / RFID - BIM model - operation and maintenance data", further improving the convenience of on-site inspection and data accessibility.

[0133] Furthermore, regarding the specific parameter encapsulation method of the parametric model generator, in step S2, adjustable variables are provided to the user for input or selection through a parameterization dialog box. The dialog box displays corresponding parameter grouping panels based on the device type, for example:

[0134] The "Geometric Parameters" panel includes fields such as length, width, height, pipe diameter, and connection method, and provides numerical input boxes and drop-down options.

[0135] The "Performance Parameters" panel includes fields such as rated power, rated voltage, cooling capacity, heating capacity, air volume, and head, and provides numerical input boxes and unit selection drop-down boxes.

[0136] The "Manufacturer Information" panel includes fields such as manufacturer name, equipment model, production date, and warranty period, and provides text input boxes and a predefined list of manufacturers.

[0137] The "Operation and Maintenance Parameters" panel includes fields such as design life, recommended maintenance cycle, last maintenance date, and next maintenance date, and provides numerical input boxes and date selection controls.

[0138] Example 7: This application provides a BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring system, the system comprising:

[0139] Parametric model generation module: Develop a parametric model generator based on the application programming interface of BIM modeling software;

[0140] Mapping Establishment Module: Connected to the parameterized model generation module, using the parameterized model generator to encapsulate various equipment parameters of electromechanical equipment into adjustable variables, and establish a mapping relationship between the adjustable variables and the equipment model;

[0141] Attribute binding module: In response to the user's assignment operation of the adjustable variable, it automatically generates a device model that matches the assigned value, and binds the assigned device parameters as attribute data to the device model;

[0142] The attribute data includes data link information used for data association with external operation and maintenance monitoring systems;

[0143] Equipment model library construction module: Constructs an equipment model library that supports dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization. The equipment model library is used to store the equipment models generated by the attribute binding module and their bound attributes.

[0144] Visual monitoring module: Based on the selection requirements of the target electromechanical project, it calls the corresponding equipment model from the equipment model library and integrates and displays it in the visual monitoring interface, as well as associates it with operation and maintenance data.

[0145] Of course, the parameterized model generation module includes:

[0146] The parameter parsing unit is used to read external configuration files or user input and identify the type and value range of device parameters.

[0147] The geometric drive unit drives the BIM modeling software to generate a three-dimensional solid model of the corresponding shape and size based on the geometric parameter values ​​of adjustable variables.

[0148] The model instantiation unit is used to save the generated 3D solid model as a separate model file.

[0149] The visualization monitoring module also includes:

[0150] The data fusion unit is used to associate real-time electromechanical operation data collected by IoT sensors with attribute data bound to the device model;

[0151] The status indicator unit is used to display the operating status and alarm information of the equipment model in the visual monitoring interface in the form of color, animation or pop-up window, based on the real-time electromechanical operation data.

[0152] The data fusion unit includes an IoT data access subunit. The IoT data access subunit communicates with IoT sensors deployed on electromechanical equipment via MQTT, CoAP, or Modbus protocols, and receives operational data collected by the sensors. The operational data includes at least one of temperature, pressure, flow rate, current, voltage, vibration, and rotational speed.

[0153] The visualization monitoring module also includes:

[0154] The alarm push unit is used to automatically generate alarm information and highlight the corresponding device model in the visual monitoring interface when the data fusion unit detects that the real-time running data exceeds a preset threshold, and at the same time push the alarm information to the designated operation and maintenance terminal.

[0155] This invention relates to a BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method and system.

[0156] Improve the efficiency of parametric modeling: Develop a parametric model generator through API, encapsulate equipment parameters as adjustable variables and establish a mapping relationship with geometric dimensions. Users only need to assign values ​​to the adjustable variables to automatically generate a matching 3D model, which greatly reduces the manual operation steps and the probability of errors in modeling.

[0157] Enables dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization of the equipment model library: Through manufacturer-customized templates and external data source parsing mechanisms, the equipment model library can automatically generate new model instances in response to new manufacturers' equipment addition commands. This allows for rapid adaptation to new equipment models without code development, solving the problem in existing technologies where equipment model library expansion relies on software manufacturer customization.

[0158] Achieving deep integration of operation and maintenance data with BIM models: By binding equipment parameters as attribute data to the equipment model and establishing a data link with the external operation and maintenance database, the BIM model can display the equipment's operating status data in real time, realizing the transformation of the BIM model from a "static geometric model" to a "dynamic operation and maintenance platform".

[0159] Enhance the intuitiveness and efficiency of operation and maintenance monitoring: Through the three-in-one interactive interface of 3D BIM model view, equipment list tree diagram and real-time data dashboard, as well as synchronous highlighting and data display when selecting models, operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively locate equipment and view data in a unified interface, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of operation and maintenance monitoring.

[0160] Lowering the technical barrier to expanding the equipment model library: Through the "no-code dynamic expansion" mechanism, ordinary engineers can generate model instances of new equipment models simply by filling in the equipment parameter table, without needing programming skills, thus lowering the technical barrier to expanding the equipment model library.

[0161] Example 8: An electronic device provided in this embodiment of the invention is used to implement the method described in any one of Examples 1 to 6. The electronic device may include: at least one central processing unit, at least one network interface, a control interface, a memory, and at least one communication bus.

[0162] The communication bus is used to enable communication and information exchange between the various components.

[0163] The network interface may include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface).

[0164] The control interface is used to output control operations according to instructions.

[0165] The central processing unit (CPU) may include one or more processing cores. The CPU connects to various parts of the terminal via various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in memory, and by calling data stored in memory, according to the method described in any one of embodiments one through six.

[0166] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory. Optionally, the memory may include non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory can be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as touch function, sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), methods for implementing any one of embodiments one to six above, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the various method embodiments above.

[0167] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of embodiments one to six above. The computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, any type of disk, including floppy disks, optical disks, DVDs, CD-ROMs, microdrives, as well as magneto-optical disks, ROMs, RAMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, DRAMs, VRAMs, flash memory devices, magnetic cards or optical cards, nanosystems (including molecular memory ICs), or any type of medium or device suitable for storing instructions and / or data.

[0168] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the present invention, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.

[0169] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0170] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some service interface; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0171] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated units described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional units.

[0172] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage device (CMD). Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a memory and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned memory includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0173] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may include: a flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc.

[0174] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0175] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Develop a parametric model generator based on the application programming interface of BIM modeling software; S2: Using the parametric model generator, encapsulate the various equipment parameters of the electromechanical equipment into adjustable variables, and establish a mapping relationship between the adjustable variables and the equipment model; S3: In response to the user's assignment operation to the adjustable variable, automatically generate a device model that matches the assigned value, and bind the assigned device parameters as attribute data to the device model; The attribute data includes data link information used for data association with external operation and maintenance monitoring systems; S4: Construct a device model library that supports dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization. The device model library is used to store the device models generated in step S3 and their bound attributes. S5: Based on the selection requirements of the target electromechanical project, call the corresponding equipment model from the equipment model library, and integrate and display it in the visual monitoring interface and associate it with operation and maintenance data.

2. The BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment parameters in step S2 include geometric parameters, technical performance parameters, manufacturer information parameters, and maintenance cycle parameters; the adjustable variables are provided to the user for input or selection through parameterized dialog boxes or attribute tables.

3. The BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The attribute data binding in step S3 specifically includes: writing the values ​​of the device parameters into the shared parameters or project parameters of the device model, and establishing a data link with an external operation and maintenance database. The data link is configured to obtain device operating status data from the external operation and maintenance database in real time or periodically.

4. The BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment model library in step S4 supports dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization, specifically including: It provides manufacturer-customized templates, allowing different equipment manufacturers to define their own exclusive parameter sets and model styles; In response to a new manufacturer's equipment addition command, the device parameter table in the external data source is parsed and a new combination of adjustable variables is automatically generated. The parameterized model generator is then called to create a new model instance, enabling no-code dynamic expansion of the device model library.

5. The BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visualization monitoring interface in step S5 includes a 3D BIM model view, a device list tree diagram, and a real-time operation data dashboard. When a user selects a device model in the 3D BIM model view, the corresponding item in the device list tree diagram is highlighted and its associated real-time operation and maintenance data is displayed.

6. The BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of parsing the device parameter table from the external data source and automatically generating a new model instance specifically includes: Identify column headers from external data sources as parameter names; The parameter type is automatically inferred based on the parameter value range, and the parameter type includes numeric, text, and Boolean types. The system analyzes the constraints between equipment parameters and automatically adds the corresponding constraint logic during the generation of the parameterized model. Based on the parsing results, call the API to generate parameterized model instances, and store the newly generated model instances by manufacturer.

7. The BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The real-time operation data dashboard responds to the selection of a device model and dynamically displays the real-time operation data curves, historical operation data statistics, and device parameter file information corresponding to that device model.

8. The BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operation and maintenance data association in step S5 includes: associating physical devices with device models in the visual monitoring interface through QR codes or radio frequency identification tags for quick location and data query during on-site inspections.

9. A BIM-based visualized electromechanical operation and maintenance monitoring system, characterized in that, The monitoring system, applied to the method of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprises: Parametric model generation module: Develop a parametric model generator based on the application programming interface of BIM modeling software; Mapping Establishment Module: Using the parameterized model generator, the various equipment parameters of the electromechanical equipment are encapsulated as adjustable variables, and a mapping relationship is established between the adjustable variables and the equipment model; Attribute binding module: In response to the user's assignment operation of the adjustable variable, it automatically generates a device model that matches the assigned value, and binds the assigned device parameters as attribute data to the device model; The attribute data includes data link information used for data association with external operation and maintenance monitoring systems; Equipment model library construction module: Constructs an equipment model library that supports dynamic expansion and manufacturer customization. The equipment model library is used to store the equipment models generated by the attribute binding module and their bound attributes. Visual monitoring module: Based on the selection requirements of the target electromechanical project, it calls the corresponding equipment model from the equipment model library and integrates and displays it in the visual monitoring interface, as well as associates it with operation and maintenance data.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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