Translation cutting tool head rotation angle compensation processing method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of corner compensation processing method, device, equipment and medium of translation cutting head, the method includes obtaining the profile geometry data of workpiece to be processed, each corner node in the profile geometry data is identified, and ordered cutting path is generated;Control the cutting head and enter workpiece along first cutting path and execute linear translation cutting, when the cutting edge travels to the corner node, control the cutting head and continue to advance for a predetermined distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path;Control the cutting head and lift until it is separated from the surface of workpiece, the cutting head is translated to the drop point position on the reverse extension line of second cutting path;The cutting edge of the cutting head is adjusted at the drop point position orientation, so that the cutting feed direction of the cutting edge is consistent with the trend of second cutting path;Control the cutting head and enter workpiece, and continue to execute translation cutting processing along the second cutting path, to realize the purpose of eliminating the corner material bending deformation under deep cutting condition, ensure corner cutting profile precision and processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC cutting technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and medium for angular compensation of translational cutting head, applicable to CNC cutting of thin film sheets for various electronic products such as mobile phone films and tablet films, and also covering the sheet cutting processing scenarios in the engraving machine industry. Background Technology

[0002] CNC translational cutting equipment is widely used in mold processing, sheet metal cutting, and other fields, especially for cutting thin sheets of electronic products such as mobile phone films and tablet films. It is also widely used in the engraving machine industry. Translational cutting heads are widely used due to their smooth cutting surfaces and high cutting efficiency. These heads can passively rotate freely around their axis of rotation, with an overall inclined arrangement. The cutting tip has a fixed offset distance from the axis of rotation. During horizontal cutting feed, the cutting tip always lags behind the feed direction. During cutting operations, the cutting edge orientation must be strictly consistent with the feed direction to ensure processing quality. Existing CNC corner cutting often uses general tool radius compensation algorithms. These algorithms are based on the continuous cutting logic design of coaxial circular tools and are not adapted to the structural characteristics of this type of radially offset cutting head. When performing corner cutting in deep cutting conditions, if the cutting edge orientation is directly adjusted at the corner node, the cutting edge, with its certain radial dimension, will laterally compress the corner sidewall material, easily causing plastic bending deformation at the workpiece corner and severely damaging the shape accuracy of the contour. Existing solutions that employ tool lifting and turning often use the tool head's central axis as the rotation reference. Due to the influence of the radial offset structure, the tool tip will experience arc displacement during rotation, causing deviations in the tool landing position. This can easily lead to defects such as residual material during corner cutting and stepped differences in the cross-section. Furthermore, existing solutions still implement a complete compensation process without classifying and adapting to different corner angles, increasing ineffective idle strokes and resulting in low processing efficiency. Currently, the industry lacks a dedicated corner compensation machining method for this type of translational cutting tool head, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the dual requirements of corner machining accuracy and processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for corner compensation machining of a translational cutting head. By employing a compensation machining process that eliminates tool body interference through corner over-feed, tool lifting and unloaded repositioning, and tool tip-based adjustment of cutting edge orientation, the invention aims to eliminate bending deformation of corner materials under deep cutting conditions and ensure the accuracy of corner cutting contours and machining efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a machining method for angular compensation of a translational cutting head, applied to a CNC cutting equipment. The CNC cutting equipment is equipped with a translational cutting head, wherein the tip of the cutting head has a fixed offset distance from the axis of rotation of the cutting head, and the cutting head performs cutting machining in a translational feed manner. The method is characterized by including the following steps: The contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed is obtained, each corner node in the contour geometry data is identified, and an ordered cutting path is generated. The cutter head is controlled to cut into the workpiece along the first cutting path and perform linear translational cutting. When the cutter tip reaches the corner node, the cutter head is controlled to continue to advance a preset distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path. The preset distance is consistent with the offset distance from the cutter tip to the center of rotation of the cutter head. Control the cutter head to rise until it leaves the workpiece surface, and then move the cutter head to the drop point on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path; Adjust the blade orientation at the drop point so that the blade orientation is opposite to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the blade tip lags behind the feed direction; Control the cutter head to cut into the workpiece and continue to perform translational cutting along the second cutting path.

[0005] Further, the steps of acquiring the contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed, identifying each corner node in the contour geometry data, and generating an ordered cutting path include: Analyze all contour segments of the contour to be processed, and extract the starting coordinates, ending coordinates, direction and length of each contour segment; Based on the coincidence of the endpoints of two adjacent contour segments, locate the intersection of all endpoints as corner nodes; Sort and number all corner nodes according to the preset cutting sequence to generate an ordered cutting path with node sequence; The overtravel feed distance is the same as the offset distance from the tool tip to the rotation axis of the tool head.

[0006] Furthermore, the steps for generating an ordered cutting path with a sequence of nodes include: For each corner node, the reverse extension direction is determined based on the direction of the corresponding second cutting path; Using the starting point of the second cutting path near the corner node as a reference, offset by a preset distance along the reverse extension direction to generate the coordinates of the cutting point corresponding to the corner node; Write the coordinates of the tool landing point, overtravel feed distance, and rotation angle corresponding to all corner nodes into the ordered cutting path to form an ordered cutting path with compensation parameters.

[0007] Further, the step of controlling the cutter head to continue advancing a preset distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path includes: Keep the current cutting depth of the cutter head unchanged; Keep the blade facing in the opposite direction to the feed direction of the first cutting path, with the blade tip lagging behind the feed direction; The feed is translated along the straight extension direction of the first cutting path until the feed distance is equal to the offset distance from the tip to the rotation axis of the cutter head, and then the feed stops.

[0008] Further, the step of controlling the cutter head to rise until it leaves the workpiece surface and then translating the cutter head to the point of impact on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path includes: Control the cutting head to rise in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface until the cutting tip is completely detached from the workpiece surface, then stop the rising action; Move the blade along the preset planar translation path to the side where the second cutting path is located, so that the vertical projection of the blade tip is aligned with the preset blade drop point near the starting end on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path. Control the cutting head to fall in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface until the cutting tip contacts the workpiece surface, and determine the position of the cutting tip as the cutting point.

[0009] Furthermore, the step of adjusting the cutting edge orientation of the cutter head at the cutter drop point includes: Retrieve the angle parameter between the two cutting paths corresponding to the current corner node from the ordered cutting path; Maintain the contact state between the tool tip and the workpiece surface at the point of tool drop, and keep the planar position of the tool tip fixed; With the location of the blade tip as the center of rotation and the offset distance from the blade tip to the axis of rotation of the blade head as the radius of rotation, the blade head rotates around a rotation axis perpendicular to the workpiece surface at an angle corresponding to the included angle parameter, so that the blade of the blade head faces the opposite direction to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the blade tip lags behind the feed direction.

[0010] Further, the step of controlling the cutter head to cut into the workpiece and continuing to perform translational cutting along the second cutting path includes: Control the cutter head to feed at a constant speed in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface until the cutter tip reaches the preset cutting depth; Keep the blade facing in the opposite direction to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and keep the blade tip lagging behind the feed direction. The cutter head is translated along the extension direction of the second cutting path to complete the cutting of the workpiece contour corresponding to the second cutting path.

[0011] The present invention also provides a machining device for compensating the rotation angle of a translational cutting head, comprising: The path generation module is used to acquire the contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed, identify each corner node in the contour geometry data, and generate an ordered cutting path. The first cutting execution module is used to control the cutter head to cut into the workpiece along the first cutting path and perform linear translational cutting. When the cutter tip reaches the corner node, the module controls the cutter head to continue to advance a preset distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path. The cutter head adjustment module is used to control the cutter head to rise until it leaves the workpiece surface, and then move the cutter head to the drop point on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path; The direction adjustment module is used to adjust the blade orientation of the cutter head at the blade drop point so that the blade orientation is opposite to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the blade tip lags behind the feed direction. The second cutting execution module is used to control the cutter head to cut into the workpiece and continue to perform translational cutting along the second cutting path.

[0012] The present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described angle compensation machining method for translational cutting head.

[0013] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described angle compensation machining method for a translational cutting head.

[0014] The rotation angle compensation processing method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for translational cutting heads provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects: This invention proposes a dedicated corner compensation machining method for translational cutting heads with offset between the cutter tip and the rotation axis. This effectively solves the problem of corner bending deformation under deep cutting conditions, offering advantages in both machining accuracy and operational efficiency. The invention utilizes overfeed at the corner to ensure the cutter body completely crosses the interference area of ​​the corner sidewall, eliminating material deformation caused by lateral material extrusion and ensuring the shape accuracy of the corner. It employs a method of adjusting the orientation after lifting the cutter from the workpiece to avoid material pulling deformation caused by material-carrying turning. Simultaneously, the orientation adjustment is completed using the cutter tip as the rotation reference, eliminating cutter tip displacement errors caused by the offset structure and ensuring the accuracy of the cutter's entry and cutting positions. The invention sets the cutter entry point on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path, ensuring that the entire path can be completely cut from the root of the corner after entry, avoiding cutting residue and stepped defects in the cross-section. All compensation parameters are pre-calculated and written into the ordered cutting path during the path planning stage, and directly called during machining, improving execution response speed and control consistency. This invention also classifies corners by setting a preset angle threshold. Large obtuse angles do not require a full set of compensation processes. While ensuring processing quality, it simplifies the operation process and reduces invalid idle strokes. It can adapt to various corner types such as acute angles, right angles and small obtuse angles, significantly improving the corner processing quality and efficiency of offset cutting heads. It can be widely used in various CNC cutting scenarios such as film cutting and lettering processing. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a machining method for compensating the rotation angle of a translational cutting head according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting path of the translational cutting head in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a translational cutting head in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a translational cutting head rotation compensation processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a machining method for corner compensation of a translational cutting head proposed in this invention. It is applied to a CNC cutting machine, which is equipped with a translational cutting head. The cutting tip of the cutting head has a fixed offset distance from its rotation axis. The cutting head performs cutting machining via translational feed. The method is characterized by the following steps: S1, acquire the contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed, identify each corner node in the contour geometry data, and generate an ordered cutting path; S2, control the cutter head to cut into the workpiece along the first cutting path and perform linear translational cutting. When the cutter tip reaches the corner node, control the cutter head to continue to advance a preset distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path. The preset distance is consistent with the offset distance from the cutter tip to the center of rotation of the cutter head. S3, control the cutter head to rise until it leaves the workpiece surface, and then move the cutter head to the drop point on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path; S4, at the point of impact, adjust the blade orientation of the cutter head so that the blade orientation is opposite to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the blade tip lags behind the feed direction; S5, control the cutter head to cut into the workpiece, and continue to perform translational cutting along the second cutting path. As described in step S1 above, this step provides the data foundation and path basis for the entire corner compensation machining. By acquiring the contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed, the identification and positioning of each corner node in the contour are completed, and an orderly cutting path is generated according to the preset machining sequence. The direction of each cutting path and the correspondence between the corner nodes are clarified, providing a unified planning benchmark for the subsequent corner compensation action and ensuring the orderliness and consistency of the overall machining process.

[0019] As described in step S2 above, this step completes the straight-line machining of the first cutting path and the overtravel feed compensation at the corner. It controls the cutter head to cut into the workpiece along the first cutting path and completes the straight-line cutting in a translational feed manner. When the cutter tip reaches the corner node, it continues to advance along the extension direction of the first cutting path at a preset distance consistent with the offset distance from the cutter tip to the feed center axis. The overtravel feed eliminates the risk of interference between the cutter body and the corner of the workpiece, avoids the corner deformation problem in the deep cutting state, and provides a position basis for subsequent repositioning and orientation adjustment.

[0020] As described in step S3 above, this step completes the lifting and positioning of the cutting head and the positioning of the cutting head. The cutting head is raised until it is completely separated from the workpiece surface, so that the cutting head is freed from the cutting load state. Then the cutting head is moved to the preset cutting point on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path. While avoiding the original cutting position, it ensures that the processing range of the second cutting path can be completely covered after subsequent cutting, providing a load-free working position reference for the adjustment of the cutting edge orientation.

[0021] As described in step S4 above, this step completes the adaptation and adjustment of the blade orientation. At the point of impact, based on the angle parameters corresponding to the ordered cutting path, the overall orientation of the blade head is adjusted with the blade tip position as the reference, so that the cutting feed direction of the blade is consistent with the direction of the second cutting path, which meets the requirements of this type of blade head cutting process for matching the blade orientation and feed direction. In addition, the blade tip position remains stable during the adjustment process, ensuring the positional accuracy of subsequent cutting.

[0022] As described in step S5 above, this step completes the entry and processing of the second cutting path. After the cutter head enters the workpiece to the preset cutting depth, it continues to perform cutting processing along the second cutting path in a translational feed manner to complete the processing of the corresponding section of the workpiece contour. This forms a complete compensation processing flow for a single corner node. The process is then sequentially advanced to the processing of the remaining corner nodes until the cutting operation of the entire contour is completed.

[0023] In this invention, the cutter head can be passively and freely rotated around its rotation axis. The whole head is arranged at an angle, and there is a fixed offset distance between the cutter tip and the rotation axis. During horizontal cutting feed, the cutter tip always lags behind the feed direction. One side of the cutter head is the main cutting edge that undertakes the cutting function. During the cutting operation, the cutting edge orientation is strictly matched with the feed direction to ensure a flat cutting surface. In one embodiment, step S1, which involves acquiring the contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed, identifying each corner node in the contour geometry data, and generating an ordered cutting path, includes: Analyze all contour segments of the contour to be processed, and extract the starting coordinates, ending coordinates, direction and length of each contour segment; Based on the coincidence of the endpoints of two adjacent contour segments, locate the intersection of all endpoints as corner nodes; Sort and number all corner nodes according to the preset cutting sequence to generate an ordered cutting path with node sequence.

[0024] In practical implementation, the workpiece to be processed is a thin film for electronic products such as mobile phone films and tablet films. The contour geometric data can be imported into the control system of the CNC cutting equipment using the industrially common DXF and DWG G-code formats. The control system performs vectorization decoding and parsing of the contour data, breaking it down into all the straight contour segments that constitute the contour. For each contour segment, the two-dimensional planar values ​​of its starting and ending coordinates are extracted. Optionally, the vector method is used to calculate the direction of the line segment: the vector pointing from the starting coordinates to the ending coordinates is used as the direction vector of the line segment. At the same time, the length of the line segment is calculated using the distance formula between two points, thus completing the parameter extraction of a single contour segment. After parsing all contour segments, the endpoint set of all line segments is traversed. The endpoint coincidence relationship is judged based on a preset endpoint coincidence tolerance threshold: when the planar distance between the endpoints of two different line segments is less than the tolerance threshold, the two endpoints are determined to be coincident endpoints, and the corresponding two contour segments form a corner at this point. All endpoint positions that meet the coincidence condition are marked as corner nodes, and the indices of the two contour segments connected to each corner node are recorded. Finally, according to the preset cutting direction, such as clockwise cutting, counterclockwise cutting, or the preset starting point travel sequence, all contour lines and corner nodes are arranged and numbered according to the processing order, forming a sequence structure of line segments-nodes-line segments connected in sequence, generating an ordered cutting path with node sequence, so as to ensure that the subsequent processing process executes the cutting and corner compensation actions of each segment in a unified time sequence. In one embodiment, the step of generating an ordered cutting path with a sequence of nodes includes: For each corner node, the reverse extension direction is determined based on the direction of the corresponding second cutting path; Using the starting point of the second cutting path near the corner node as a reference, offset by a preset distance along the reverse extension direction to generate the coordinates of the cutting point corresponding to the corner node; Write the coordinates of the tool landing point, overtravel feed distance, and turning rotation angle corresponding to all corner nodes into the ordered cutting path to form an ordered cutting path with compensation parameters; The overtravel feed distance is the same as the offset distance from the tool tip to the rotation axis of the tool head.

[0025] In practical implementation, based on the generated ordered cutting path with node sequence, for each corner node in the sequence, the direction vectors of the first and second cutting paths connected to that corner node are retrieved. The vector dot product formula is used to calculate the outer angle between the two paths in the cutting direction. Combined with the angle threshold pre-set according to the radial dimension of the cutter head, cutting depth, and workpiece material characteristics, the corner nodes are classified and judged. In actual engineering applications, this angle threshold is usually set to 150°: when the outer angle of the contour corner is less than or equal to 150°, it is determined as a target corner that requires tool lifting compensation, including all acute angles, right angles, and small obtuse angles of 150° and below; when the angle is greater than 150°, it is determined as a large obtuse angle. Under such corners, the radial interference of the cutter body deflection with the feed direction is extremely small. In the deep cutting state, it will not generate significant lateral extrusion force on the corner sidewall of the workpiece, and will not cause the corner material to bend and deform. Therefore, it is not necessary to execute the entire tool lifting compensation process, but only to mark it as a direct turning node. This simplifies the operation process and improves the processing efficiency while ensuring processing quality. The 150° threshold setting is based on the underlying logic of the interference geometry between the cutter body and the corner sidewall: the core reason for material bending at the corner is the lateral extrusion of the workpiece material inside the corner by the radial profile of the cutter body. The greater the intrusion, the more significant the extrusion deformation. Let R be the equivalent radial half-width of the cutter body perpendicular to the feed direction, and e be the offset distance from the cutter tip to the feed center axis. According to plane geometry derivation, the maximum lateral intrusion of the cutter body at the corner is negatively correlated with the sine of the corner half-angle. When the included angle increases to 150°, the corresponding half-angle is 75°. At this time, the lateral intrusion of the cutter body is only about 3.4% of the radial half-width of the cutter body. Combined with the size ratio of conventional cutter heads (the offset distance is usually 0.8~1.2 times the cutter body diameter), the material extrusion deformation corresponding to this intrusion at the conventional cutting depth is far lower than the plastic deformation threshold of most engineering materials, which is insufficient to cause visible corner bending defects. The 150° threshold can be adjusted according to the actual processing conditions: when cutting soft polymer materials or deep thick plates, the material has a weak resistance to extrusion deformation, so the threshold can be raised to 160° to avoid the risk of deformation; when cutting hard plates or shallow precision cutting, the material has a strong resistance to deformation, so the threshold can be lowered to 135° to improve processing efficiency.

[0026] For corner nodes determined to require compensation, the corresponding compensation parameters are further calculated: the direction vector of the second cutting path corresponding to the corner is retrieved, and the reverse extension direction of the second cutting path is obtained by inverting the direction vector, which serves as the offset direction of the tool drop point; taking the starting point of the second cutting path closest to the current corner node (i.e., the corner node itself) as the reference point, a preset tool drop offset distance is offset along the aforementioned reverse extension direction to calculate the planar coordinates of the tool drop point. The tool drop offset distance is greater than the maximum radial dimension of the tool head to ensure that the tool drop position does not overlap or interfere with the original corner cut; the overtravel feed distance and the adjustment rotation angle are determined simultaneously. The overtravel feed distance is directly taken from the pre-recorded offset distance value from the tool tip to the tool head's rotation axis, which is an inherent structural parameter of the tool head. The adjustment rotation angle is determined by combining the cutting travel direction to determine the rotation direction and the final angle value. For corner nodes determined to be large obtuse angles and requiring no compensation, only the turning angle parameter is pre-stored, and no compensation parameters related to tool lifting or dropping are generated. Finally, the type marker, compensation parameter or turning parameter corresponding to each corner node is bound and stored with the corresponding node number, and written into the parameter set of the ordered cutting path to form an ordered cutting path with compensation parameters. This allows the control system to directly call the corresponding execution strategy and parameters according to the node number during the processing, without the need for real-time geometric calculation, thereby improving the response speed and control accuracy of the processing execution. In one embodiment, step S2, controlling the cutter head to continue advancing a preset distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path, includes: Keep the current cutting depth of the cutter head unchanged; Keep the blade facing in the opposite direction to the feed direction of the first cutting path, with the blade tip lagging behind the feed direction; The feed is translated along the straight extension direction of the first cutting path until the feed distance is equal to the offset distance from the tip to the rotation axis of the cutter head, and then the feed stops.

[0027] Reference Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the cutting path of the translational cutting head in one embodiment of the present invention. In specific implementation, this step is only performed on the corner nodes that are determined to require tool lifting compensation. Large obtuse angle corners that do not require compensation directly enter the turning process without performing over-feed. When the tool tip travels along the first cutting path to the corner node position, the feed center axis of the tool head is still on the first cutting path due to the offset spacing structure and has a horizontal position difference with the corner node. At this time, the radial profile of the tool body still overlaps and interferes with the side wall of the workpiece at the corner. If the tool is lifted or turned directly, the tool body will pull and squeeze the cut material at the corner laterally, causing the corner to bend and deform. Therefore, it is necessary to completely eliminate the interference through over-feed. During the feed process, the current cutting depth of the cutter head is kept constant. The CNC system locks the displacement output of the Z-axis feed mechanism, ensuring that the cutting depth of the cutter tip inside the workpiece remains constant. This ensures that the cutting section size during the overtravel feed stage is completely consistent with the normal straight cutting section, avoiding step differences in the workpiece cross-section caused by sudden depth changes. It also prevents changes in depth from altering the contact area between the cutter body and the workpiece sidewall, thus preventing exacerbating the lateral extrusion effect. The cutting edge of the cutter head is kept opposite to the feed direction of the first cutting path, with the cutter tip lagging behind the feed direction. The system locks the circumferential attitude of the cutter head, ensuring that the working cutting edge is always directly facing the feed direction of the first cutting path. This guarantees that the cutting load is borne by the working cutting edge throughout the entire overtravel feed, preventing friction and scraping between the non-cutting surface of the cutter body and the workpiece sidewall. Simultaneously, it ensures precise displacement of the feed center axis along the straight direction, providing a stable attitude reference for precise control of the overtravel distance. Based on this, the control system takes the instantaneous position of the tool tip reaching the corner node as the starting point and performs uniform interpolation and translational feeding along the straight extension direction of the first cutting path. At the same time, the feed displacement is accumulated in real time. When the value of the accumulated feed distance is equal to the offset distance parameter from the tool tip to the rotation axis of the tool head stored in the system, the feed stop command is immediately triggered. At this time, the feed center axis just moves to the orthographic projection position of the corner node, and the maximum radial profile of the tool body completely crosses the side wall of the workpiece at the corner, eliminating the physical interference between the tool body and the corner material. This ensures that the subsequent tool lifting action will not deform the material and avoids excessive feed causing invalid idle strokes and reducing processing efficiency. In one embodiment, step S3, controlling the cutter head to rise until it leaves the workpiece surface and translating the cutter head to the drop point on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path, includes: Control the cutting head to rise in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface until the cutting tip is completely detached from the workpiece surface, then stop the rising action; Move the blade along the preset planar translation path to the side where the second cutting path is located, so that the vertical projection of the blade tip is aligned with the preset blade drop point near the starting end on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path. Control the cutting head to fall in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface until the cutting tip contacts the workpiece surface, and determine the position of the cutting tip as the cutting point.

[0028] In practice, this step is only performed on target corners that are determined to require tool lifting compensation. For large obtuse angles that do not require compensation, there is no need to perform tool lifting and repositioning actions. The cutting edge orientation can be adjusted directly at the corner node to continue cutting. This step is performed after the over-feed action is completed. At this time, the tool body has completely broken away from the radial interference of the workpiece sidewall at the corner. The tool head is repositioned and lowered through a three-stage action of vertical lifting, planar translation, and vertical falling. The entire process avoids lateral scraping and squeezing between the tool body and the workpiece cut, thus eliminating the problem of corner bending from the process path. When the cutting head is raised in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface, the CNC system drives the Z-axis feed axis to perform a linear lifting motion. During the lifting process, the displacement output of the X and Y plane axes is locked to ensure that the cutting tip moves only in the vertical direction, avoiding lateral displacement from scraping the cut sidewall and causing burrs or material deformation. The lifting height is based on the cutting tip being completely detached from the workpiece surface. In actual control, it is set to be higher than the workpiece's upper surface by a preset safety distance, ensuring that the lowest point of the cutting head is always above the workpiece surface, eliminating physical contact between the cutting head and the workpiece, and providing a safe, interference-free state for subsequent planar translation. After the lifting is completed, the position feedback unit confirms and triggers a stop command to ensure the consistency of the lifting position. When moving along the preset planar translation path, the system calls the pre-stored coordinates of the corresponding landing point at the corner in the ordered cutting path. Taking the current planar position after the cutting head is raised as the starting point and the position directly above the landing point as the ending point, the X and Y axes are generated. The linear interpolation translation path in the plane is used; during the translation, the circumferential posture and cutting edge orientation of the tool head remain unchanged, so that the vertical projection of the tool tip always moves accurately along the translation path, and finally the vertical projection of the tool tip is aligned vertically with the reverse extension line of the second cutting path, and completely coincides with the pre-calculated plane coordinates of the tool drop point; the tool drop position is set on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path near the starting end of the pre-calculated tool drop point, and completely coincides with the pre-calculated plane coordinates of the tool drop point; the tool drop position is set on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path and close to the starting end, so as to ensure that when the tool feeds along the second cutting path after cutting into the workpiece, it will start from the starting end of the second cutting path to complete the cutting, avoiding cutting residue at the corner root. At the same time, the tool drop position is staggered from the end cut of the first cutting path to avoid the step defect of the machining section caused by the tool drop point overlapping with the original cut.When controlling the cutting head to fall in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface, the displacement of the X and Y plane axes is locked, and only the Z axis is driven to fall at a constant speed. During the fall, the contact state between the cutting tip and the workpiece surface is detected in real time. The determination is made by Z-axis servo load change detection or contact sensor unit. The falling action is stopped immediately when the cutting tip contacts the workpiece surface. At this time, the planar position of the cutting tip is completely consistent with the pre-stored landing point coordinates, that is, the position of the cutting tip is determined as the landing point corresponding to the angle. The vertical falling method ensures that the planar coordinates of the cutting tip do not shift during the fall, ensuring the positioning accuracy of the cutting. At the same time, the cutting tip only stays on the workpiece surface in a contact state and does not cut into the interior of the workpiece, providing a fulcrum condition without cutting resistance for subsequent adjustment of the cutting edge orientation. In one embodiment, step S4, the step of adjusting the cutting edge orientation of the cutter head at the cutter drop point, includes: Retrieve the angle parameter between the two cutting paths corresponding to the current corner node from the ordered cutting path; Maintain the contact state between the tool tip and the workpiece surface at the point of tool drop, and keep the planar position of the tool tip fixed; With the location of the blade tip as the center of rotation and the offset distance from the blade tip to the axis of rotation of the blade head as the radius of rotation, the blade head rotates around a rotation axis perpendicular to the workpiece surface at an angle corresponding to the included angle parameter, so that the blade of the blade head faces the opposite direction to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the blade tip lags behind the feed direction.

[0029] In practical implementation, this step requires executing the target rotation angle for tool lifting compensation, which is performed after the tool head has completed its positioning. Under no cutting load, the tool tip is used as a fixed reference to precisely switch the cutting edge orientation, solving the technical problems of tool tip deviation and material deformation during tool head rotation in offset spacing structures. The included angle parameter corresponding to the current rotation node is retrieved from the parameter set of the ordered cutting path. This parameter has been pre-calculated through vector operations during the path planning stage, including the included angle value of the two cutting paths and the corresponding rotation direction. The rotation direction is determined by combining the overall cutting direction (clockwise or counterclockwise). Real-time detection and calculation are not required during processing; the parameter can be directly called and executed, effectively improving the response speed and angle control accuracy of the orientation adjustment action, and avoiding delays and errors caused by real-time calculations. During the orientation process, the tool tip is maintained in a state of slight contact with the workpiece surface at the point of impact, and the displacement output of the X and Y plane axes is locked, keeping the planar position of the tool tip fixed. This tool tip contact positioning method utilizes the workpiece surface to provide slight support for the tool head, suppressing radial vibration during orientation and ensuring the stability of the rotational reference. Furthermore, since the tool tip only contacts the workpiece surface and does not cut into the interior, there is no cutting resistance or lateral compressive force between the cutting edge and the workpiece material. Therefore, the orientation process does not cause plastic deformation of the material at the workpiece corners, fundamentally avoiding the problem of corner bending. (Refer to...) Figure 3The schematic diagram of the translational cutting head in one embodiment of the present invention shows that, since the cutting tip of the cutting head in this solution is set at a fixed offset distance from the feed center axis, and the feed center axis is only used as the reference for the device to drive the cutting head displacement, if the feed center axis is used as the rotation reference for adjustment, the cutting tip will generate radial arc displacement with rotation, resulting in the offset of the cutting point and the subsequent cutting position deviating from the preset path. Therefore, the cutting tip must be used as the only rotation reference to ensure that the cutting tip position always coincides with the preset cutting point before and after adjustment, and to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent cutting position. Based on this, the CNC system drives the circumferential rotation mechanism of the tool head, with the position of the tool tip as the center of rotation and the offset distance from the tool tip to the center of rotation of the tool head as the radius of rotation, to rotate around the Z-axis perpendicular to the workpiece surface at an angle value corresponding to the aforementioned included angle parameter. During the rotation, the control system compensates the planar coordinates of the feed center axis in real time according to the offset distance parameter between the tool tip and the feed center axis, so that the feed center axis makes a circular motion around the tool tip with a corresponding radius, ensuring that the rotation reference is always locked at the tool tip position, rather than the center axis of the tool head itself. After rotating to the correct position, the cutting edge is facing completely opposite to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the tool tip is located on the rear side of the feed direction, which meets the posture requirements of this type of tool head drag-type cutting and provides an accurate posture basis for the stable cutting of the subsequent second cutting path. In one embodiment, step S5, controlling the cutter head to cut into the workpiece and continuing the translational cutting process along the second cutting path, includes: Control the cutter head to feed at a constant speed in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface until the cutter tip reaches the preset cutting depth; Keep the blade facing in the opposite direction to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and keep the blade tip lagging behind the feed direction. The cutter head is translated along the extension direction of the second cutting path to complete the cutting of the workpiece contour corresponding to the second cutting path.

[0030] In practice, after the blade orientation at the drop point is adjusted, the target angle for lifting the blade for compensation is executed. This completes the re-entry of the blade head and the continuous processing of the second cutting path. It is the final step in the single-angle compensation process, and it carries on the aforementioned compensation action to achieve deformation-free processing of the corner.

[0031] When the cutting head is fed at a constant speed perpendicular to the workpiece surface, the CNC system drives the Z-axis feed axis downward at a preset constant infeed speed. The stable feed speed avoids impact loads when the cutting tip contacts the workpiece quickly, preventing cutting tip breakage or indentations on the workpiece surface, and also preventing the cutting tip position from shifting due to lateral forces at the moment of entry. The Z-axis displacement is monitored in real time during the feed process. When the cutting tip reaches the preset cutting depth consistent with the first cutting path, the downward movement is stopped immediately to ensure uniform cutting depth of the entire contour and avoid unevenness in the cross-section. Since the entry point is preset on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path, the cutting tip after entry is at the extension position of the starting end of the second cutting path. During subsequent forward feed, the entire contour of the second cutting path can be completely cut from the root of the corner, without the problem of cutting residue at the corner.

[0032] After the cut is completed, the system locks the circumferential rotation mechanism of the cutter head, keeping the blade orientation opposite to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the blade tip continuously lags behind the feed direction. For this type of passively rotating offset cutting cutter head, a stable dragging cutting state can be formed only when the working side of the blade faces away from the feed direction and the blade tip lags behind. If the blade orientation shifts, it will cause friction and scraping between the non-cutting surface of the blade body and the side wall of the kerf, which will not only aggravate tool wear, but also cause rough machining surface and out-of-tolerance dimensional accuracy. At the same time, maintaining a constant blade orientation can ensure the stability of the relative position relationship between the blade tip and the feed center axis, so that the planar motion trajectory of the feed center axis corresponds precisely to the preset path, ensuring the compensation accuracy of the entire cutting process.

[0033] The control system drives the X and Y plane axes to perform linear interpolation, uniformly translating the cutter head along the extension direction of the second cutting path. The feed rate is consistent with the cutting parameters of the first cutting path, ensuring uniform and consistent cutting surface quality of the entire workpiece contour. During the translation, the cutter tip continues to cut along the second cutting path until it reaches the position corresponding to the next corner node, completing the cutting of the workpiece contour corresponding to the second cutting path. At this point, the complete compensation process of overtravel feed, tool lifting and repositioning, no-load orientation adjustment, and re-entry at a single corner node is completed. The system automatically enters the machining cycle of the next corner node according to the node sequence of the ordered cutting path until the cutting of the entire workpiece contour is completed. After this compensation process, the cutter body does not exert lateral pressure on the corner sidewall, effectively eliminating the bending defect of the corner material under deep cutting conditions, and ensuring the shape accuracy and cross-sectional quality of the contour corner. Reference Figure 4 Here is a structural block diagram of a machining device for compensating the rotation angle of a translational cutting head according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: The path generation module is used to acquire the contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed, identify each corner node in the contour geometry data, and generate an ordered cutting path. The first cutting execution module is used to control the cutter head to cut into the workpiece along the first cutting path and perform linear translational cutting. When the cutter tip reaches the corner node, the module controls the cutter head to continue to advance a preset distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path. The cutter head adjustment module is used to control the cutter head to rise until it leaves the workpiece surface, and then move the cutter head to the drop point on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path; The direction adjustment module is used to adjust the blade orientation of the cutter head at the blade drop point so that the blade orientation is opposite to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the blade tip lags behind the feed direction. The second cutting execution module is used to control the cutter head to cut into the workpiece and continue to perform translational cutting along the second cutting path.

[0034] For the specific implementation of each device in the above device examples, please refer to the method embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0035] Reference Figure 5 This invention also provides a computer device, which may be a server, and its internal structure may be as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, display screen, input device, network interface, and database connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores the operating system, computer programs, and database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The database stores the data corresponding to this embodiment. The network interface is used to communicate with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the above-described method.

[0036] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The structures shown are merely block diagrams of some structures related to the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the computer devices on which the present invention is applied.

[0037] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium in this embodiment can be a volatile readable storage medium or a non-volatile readable storage medium.

[0038] In summary, this invention acquires the contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed, identifies each corner node in the contour geometry data, and generates an ordered cutting path; controls the cutter head to cut into the workpiece along the first cutting path and perform linear translational cutting; when the cutter tip reaches the corner node, controls the cutter head to continue advancing a preset distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path, the preset distance being consistent with the offset distance from the cutter tip to the feed center axis; controls the cutter head to rise until it leaves the workpiece surface, and translates the cutter head to the landing point on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path; adjusts the cutting edge orientation of the cutter head at the landing point so that the cutting feed direction of the cutting edge is consistent with the direction of the second cutting path; controls the cutter head to cut into the workpiece and continues to perform translational cutting processing along the second cutting path, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating the bending deformation of corner materials under deep cutting conditions and ensuring the accuracy of corner cutting contours and processing efficiency.

[0039] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the present invention and embodiments can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual-rate SDRAM (SSRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM, etc.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or method. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, apparatus, article, or method that includes that element.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for angular compensation machining of a translational cutting head, applied to a CNC cutting equipment, wherein the CNC cutting equipment is equipped with a translational cutting head, the tip of the cutting head has a fixed offset distance from the axis of rotation of the cutting head, and the cutting head performs cutting machining in a translational feed manner, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: The contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed is obtained, each corner node in the contour geometry data is identified, and an ordered cutting path is generated. The cutter head is controlled to cut into the workpiece along the first cutting path and perform linear translational cutting. When the cutter tip reaches the corner node, the cutter head is controlled to continue to advance a preset distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path. The preset distance is consistent with the offset distance from the cutter tip to the rotation axis of the cutter head. The first cutting path is the linear contour cutting path in which the cutter tip travels along the cutting direction to the corner node in the two contour cutting paths connected by the corner node. Control the cutting head to rise until it leaves the workpiece surface, and move the cutting head to the landing point on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path. The second cutting path is a straight contour cutting path with the corner node as the starting end, where the tool starts to cut completely from the starting end of the two contour cutting paths connected by the corner node. At the point of impact, the blade tip is kept in contact with the workpiece surface, the planar position of the blade tip is kept fixed, and the blade tip position is used as the center of rotation, the offset distance from the blade tip to the blade head's rotation axis is used as the radius of rotation, and the blade tip rotates around the rotation axis perpendicular to the workpiece surface, along the rotation direction determined by the cutting direction, at an angle corresponding to the outer angle of the first cutting path and the second cutting path in the cutting feed direction, so that the blade of the blade head faces the opposite direction to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the blade tip lags behind the feed direction; Control the cutter head to cut into the workpiece and continue to perform translational cutting along the second cutting path.

2. The machining method for compensating the rotation angle of the translational cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of acquiring the contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed, identifying each corner node in the contour geometry data, and generating an ordered cutting path include: Analyze all contour segments of the contour to be processed, and extract the starting coordinates, ending coordinates, direction and length of each contour segment; Based on the coincidence of the endpoints of two adjacent contour segments, locate the intersection of all endpoints as corner nodes; Sort and number all corner nodes according to the preset cutting sequence to generate an ordered cutting path with node sequence.

3. The machining method for compensating the rotation angle of the translational cutting head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of generating an ordered cutting path with a node sequence includes: For each corner node, the reverse extension direction is determined based on the direction of the corresponding second cutting path; Using the starting point of the second cutting path near the corner node as a reference, offset by a preset distance along the reverse extension direction to generate the coordinates of the cutting point corresponding to the corner node; Write the coordinates of the tool landing point, overtravel feed distance, and turning rotation angle corresponding to all corner nodes into the ordered cutting path to form an ordered cutting path with compensation parameters; The overtravel feed distance is the same as the offset distance from the tool tip to the rotation axis of the tool head.

4. The machining method for compensating the rotation angle of the translational cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the cutter head to continue advancing a preset distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path includes: Keep the current cutting depth of the cutter head unchanged; Keep the blade facing in the opposite direction to the feed direction of the first cutting path, with the blade tip lagging behind the feed direction; The feed is translated along the straight extension direction of the first cutting path until the feed distance is equal to the offset distance from the tip to the rotation axis of the cutter head, and then the feed stops.

5. The machining method for compensating the rotation angle of the translational cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the cutter head to rise until it leaves the workpiece surface and then moving the cutter head to the point of impact on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path includes: Control the cutting head to rise in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface until the cutting tip is completely detached from the workpiece surface, then stop the rising action; Move the blade along the preset planar translation path to the side where the second cutting path is located, so that the vertical projection of the blade tip is aligned with the preset blade drop point near the starting end on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path. Control the cutting head to fall in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface until the cutting tip contacts the workpiece surface, and determine the position of the cutting tip as the cutting point.

6. The machining method for compensating the rotation angle of the translational cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the cutting edge orientation of the cutter head at the point of impact includes: Retrieve the angle parameter between the two cutting paths corresponding to the current corner node from the ordered cutting path; Maintain the contact state between the tool tip and the workpiece surface at the point of tool drop, and keep the planar position of the tool tip fixed; With the location of the blade tip as the center of rotation and the offset distance from the blade tip to the axis of rotation of the blade head as the radius of rotation, the blade head rotates around a rotation axis perpendicular to the workpiece surface at an angle corresponding to the included angle parameter, so that the blade of the blade head faces the opposite direction to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the blade tip lags behind the feed direction.

7. The machining method for compensating the rotation angle of the translational cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the cutter head to cut into the workpiece and continuing to perform translational cutting along the second cutting path includes: Control the cutter head to feed at a constant speed in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece surface until the cutter tip reaches the preset cutting depth; Keep the blade facing in the opposite direction to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and keep the blade tip lagging behind the feed direction. The cutter head is translated along the extension direction of the second cutting path to complete the cutting of the workpiece contour corresponding to the second cutting path.

8. A machining device for compensating the rotation angle of a translational cutting head, characterized in that, include: The path generation module is used to acquire the contour geometry data of the workpiece to be processed, identify each corner node in the contour geometry data, and generate an ordered cutting path. The first cutting execution module is used to control the cutter head to cut into the workpiece along the first cutting path and perform linear translational cutting. When the cutter tip reaches the corner node, the module controls the cutter head to continue to advance a preset distance along the extension direction of the first cutting path. The preset distance is consistent with the offset distance from the cutter tip to the rotation axis of the cutter head. The first cutting path is the linear contour cutting path in which the cutter tip travels along the cutting direction to the corner node in the two contour cutting paths connected by the corner node. The tool head adjustment module is used to control the tool head to rise until it leaves the workpiece surface and move the tool head to the landing point on the reverse extension line of the second cutting path. The second cutting path is a straight contour cutting path with the corner node as the starting point, where the tool starts to cut completely from the starting point of the two contour cutting paths connected by the corner node. The direction adjustment module is used to maintain the contact state between the blade tip and the workpiece surface at the blade drop point, keep the planar position of the blade tip fixed, and rotate around the rotation axis perpendicular to the workpiece surface, with the blade tip position as the rotation center and the offset distance from the blade tip to the blade head rotation axis as the rotation radius, along the rotation direction determined by the cutting travel direction, at an angle corresponding to the outer angle of the first cutting path and the second cutting path in the cutting feed direction, so that the blade edge of the blade head faces the opposite direction to the feed direction of the second cutting path, and the blade tip lags behind the feed direction; The second cutting execution module is used to control the cutter head to cut into the workpiece and continue to perform translational cutting along the second cutting path.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the angle compensation machining method for the translational cutting head according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the angle compensation machining method for the translational cutting head as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images