A tooling adaptive management method and device for product processing

CN123010670APending Publication Date: 2026-10-30PRIME TECH GUANGZHOU INC
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202611259444.6
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-08-19
Publication Date
2026-10-30

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

[0006]本发明提供一种用于产品加工的工装自适应管理方法及装置,用于解决多品种、小批量柔性生产中产品频繁换产易导致的工装历史残留污染、以及高频并发扫码过站下中央数据库读写开销过大的技术问题

Benefits of technology

本发明提供了一种用于产品加工的工装自适应管理方法及装置,方法以产品标识为隔离维度的工装缓存,当检测到当前产品标识与预存的参考产品标识不一致时,能够自动清空该参考产品标识对应的工装状态数据。能够在换产时及时清除先前产品的状态残留,防止不同产品标识之间数据的遗留影响,降低了新换产的产品误用上一工装类型的技术风险,保障了多品种交替生产时的防呆可靠性。将各工装类型的状态数据聚合计算得到当前状态表征值,并仅在当前状态表征值与预存的参考状态表征值发生改变时,才执行持久化存储。在工装配置未发生实际变更的连续生产期间,高频的过站校验动作不会触发对数据库的物理写盘操作,免除了冗余的数据库写入事务,有利于缓解高频并发卡控下数据库的磁盘I/O压力。通过在执行加工控制时,将工装缓存中各工装类型的绑定完整性作为前置拦截条件,使得只有在各工装类型的状态数据均满足预设完整性时才允许加工,实现了自动化的工装完整性门禁卡控,有助于规范加工流程并降低漏检概率。

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Abstract

The application provides a tooling adaptive management method and device for product processing, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a current product identifier of a to-be-processed object and a to-be-verified tooling identifier, and calling a tooling cache with the product identifier as an isolation dimension; if the current product identifier is inconsistent with a pre-stored reference product identifier, emptying tooling state data corresponding to the reference product identifier, outputting a re-binding signal, and updating the reference product identifier; verifying the tooling identifier, updating tooling state data in the corresponding tooling cache after verification; calculating a current state characteristic value according to each tooling state data, and if the current state characteristic value is inconsistent with a reference state characteristic value, persistently storing each tooling state data and updating the reference state characteristic value; when processing control is performed, if the tooling state data does not satisfy an integrity condition, intercepting the processing operation of the object. The application prevents data cross-contamination, avoids redundant persistence when the tooling is not changed, relieves the database pressure under high-frequency concurrency, and effectively prevents tooling from being missed.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of SMT manufacturing technology, and in particular to a tooling adaptive management method and apparatus for product processing. Background Technology

[0002] In the surface mount technology (SMT) production of electronic products, the correct pairing and compliance of tooling and auxiliary materials such as stencils, squeegees, and solder paste directly determine the screen printing quality of the circuit board. Modern digital factories generally introduce Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) to manage these toolings using barcodes. By scanning and verifying the barcodes at the workstation, a physical binding relationship is established between the current product, equipment, and tooling.

[0003] With the widespread adoption of flexible production models involving multiple product varieties and small batches, product part number switching on production lines occurs extremely frequently. During rapid changeovers, the simultaneous high-concurrency barcode scanning and verification across multiple production lines can easily lead to frequent read / write blockages at the central database, causing system response delays or even deadlocks. Furthermore, if client software data management is inadequate, and the cached data of previous products has not been fully physically cleared or network synchronization is lagging, residual old tooling states can easily be incorrectly bound to newly changed products, resulting in costly batch mismatches and scrap incidents.

[0004] Existing technologies mostly employ a stateless, flat barcode scanning verification method, where each barcode scan directly initiates a transaction request to the central database, or directly uses global flat temporary variables on the client side for overwriting and access. When dealing with flexible production transitions, this approach either cannot guarantee the database disk I / O performance under high-frequency concurrent barcode scanning, or it cannot cleanly isolate the pollution of old and new cached data caused by production transitions at the memory level.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve highly reliable and adaptive changeover and error prevention control at the system level while ensuring low I / O overhead is a technical bottleneck that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a tooling adaptive management method and apparatus for product processing, which solves the technical problems of tooling historical residue contamination caused by frequent product changeovers in multi-variety, small-batch flexible production, as well as the excessive overhead of central database read and write operations under high-frequency concurrent barcode scanning.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive tooling management method for product processing, comprising: Obtain the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified of the object to be processed, and call the tooling cache; wherein, the tooling cache stores tooling status data of each tooling type with the product identifier as the isolation dimension; If the current product identifier is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference product identifier, then the tooling status data corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache is cleared, a rebinding signal is output, and the reference product identifier is updated to the current product identifier. The tooling identifier to be verified is verified. If the verification is successful, the tooling type to which the tooling identifier to be verified belongs is determined, and the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type in the tooling cache is updated. The current state representation value is calculated based on the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier. If the current state representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value, then the state data of each tooling will be persistently stored, and the reference state representation value will be updated to the current state representation value. When performing processing control on the object to be processed, if the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier does not meet the preset integrity conditions, the processing operation on the object to be processed is blocked.

[0008] Optionally, obtaining the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified of the object to be processed, and calling the tooling cache, includes: parsing the format of the read raw identifier data to obtain the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified; using the current product identifier as an isolation primary key, matching and addressing the data partition mapped to the current product identifier in a preset storage space, and loading the data partition as the called tooling cache; and initializing and allocating data slots for storing the tooling status data for each tooling type within the called tooling cache.

[0009] Optionally, if the current product identifier is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference product identifier, then clearing the tooling status data corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache, outputting a rebinding signal, and updating the reference product identifier to the current product identifier includes: performing a character value comparison between the current product identifier and the pre-stored reference product identifier; if the comparison determines that the two are inconsistent, resetting the physical storage space state corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache to clear the tooling status data; distributing a configuration reset event instruction to the control logic layer as the rebinding signal to trigger the reconstructing process of the binding relationship; and overwriting and updating the baseline storage variable recording the reference product identifier to the current product identifier.

[0010] Optionally, the step of verifying the tooling identifier to be verified, and if the verification passes, determining the tooling type to which the tooling identifier to be verified belongs, and updating the tooling status data in the tooling cache corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type, includes: parsing the prefix feature of the tooling identifier to be verified to determine the tooling type to which it belongs; routing the tooling identifier to be verified to the verification channel corresponding to the determined tooling type for asynchronous validity verification; determining that the verification has passed when the verification return result is a verification passed status or a preset warning status that allows continued use; and updating the tooling status data in the tooling cache corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type.

[0011] Optionally, the step of calculating the current state representation value based on the tooling state data corresponding to the current product identifier; if the current state representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value, then persistently storing the tooling state data and updating the reference state representation value to the current state representation value includes: aggregating and serializing the tooling state data into a configuration text string, performing hash calculation on the configuration text string to obtain a hash value as the current state representation value; if it is determined that the current state representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value, then serializing the tooling state data and executing a writing script to persistently store the serialized structured data in the database; and overwriting and updating the value of the reference variable recording the reference state representation value to the current state representation value.

[0012] Optionally, when performing processing control on the object to be processed, if the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier does not meet the preset integrity conditions, the processing operation for the object to be processed is intercepted. This includes: upon receiving a transit execution instruction for the object to be processed, retrieving the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier from the tooling cache; if it is determined that any tooling status data corresponding to any tooling type has not been successfully bound, or if it is determined that the cache identifier of the tooling cache has been marked as invalid, then it is determined that the preset integrity conditions are not met; and executing logic blocking, refusing to save the processing result for the object to be processed, thereby intercepting the processing operation for the object to be processed.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a tooling adaptive management device for product processing, comprising: The identifier acquisition module is used to acquire the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified of the object to be processed, and to call the tooling cache; wherein, the tooling cache stores tooling status data of each tooling type with the product identifier as the isolation dimension; The cache control module is used to clear the tooling status data corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache, output a rebinding signal, and update the reference product identifier to the current product identifier when the current product identifier is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference product identifier. The tooling verification module is used to verify the tooling identifier to be verified. If the verification is successful, the tooling type to which the tooling identifier to be verified belongs is determined, and the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type in the tooling cache is updated. The data synchronization module is used to calculate the current status representation value based on the status data of each tooling corresponding to the current product identifier; if the current status representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference status representation value, the status data of each tooling is persistently stored and the reference status representation value is updated to the current status representation value. The processing interception module is used to intercept processing operations on the object to be processed if the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier does not meet the preset integrity conditions when performing processing control on the object to be processed.

[0014] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer-readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0015] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0016] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention provides a tooling adaptive management method and apparatus for product processing. The method uses product identifiers as the isolation dimension for tooling caching. When a discrepancy is detected between the current product identifier and a pre-stored reference product identifier, the tooling status data corresponding to that reference product identifier is automatically cleared. This allows for timely removal of residual status data from previous products during product changeovers, preventing data lingering between different product identifiers and reducing the technical risk of newly produced products misusing previous tooling types. This ensures reliable error prevention during multi-product alternation production. The status data of each tooling type is aggregated and calculated to obtain the current status representation value, and persistent storage is only performed when the current status representation value changes from the pre-stored reference status representation value. During continuous production where the tooling configuration remains unchanged, high-frequency checkpoint verification actions do not trigger physical disk write operations to the database, eliminating redundant database write transactions and helping to alleviate disk I / O pressure on the database under high-frequency concurrency control. By using the binding integrity of each tooling type in the tooling cache as a pre-interception condition during processing control, processing is only allowed when the status data of each tooling type meets the preset integrity. This achieves automated tooling integrity access control, which helps to standardize the processing flow and reduce the probability of missed detections. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of the tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a second embodiment of the tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of a tooling adaptive management device for product processing according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0021] This invention provides a tooling adaptive management method and apparatus for product processing, which solves the problems of old data residue pollution caused by product changeover in multi-variety mixed production, as well as database read / write blocking caused by high-frequency concurrent station scanning.

[0022] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0023] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the adaptive tooling management method for product processing according to the present invention. The method includes: Step S101: Obtain the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified of the object to be processed, and call the tooling cache; wherein, the tooling cache stores tooling status data of each tooling type with the product identifier as the isolation dimension.

[0024] In one specific implementation, the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified can be obtained through an industrial barcode scanner, optical image reading device, or radio frequency identification device installed at the production line station. The obtained product identifier can be the product's specification model code, and the tooling identifier can be a unique QR code or one-dimensional barcode affixed to the surface of each physical tooling. When the tooling cache is invoked, this tooling cache is a multi-dimensional key-value pair mapping dictionary built in the client's local memory. The outer key of the mapping dictionary corresponds to the current product identifier, and the inner key corresponds to the unique functional identifier of each tooling type slot. With this double-nested data structure, the tooling verification and status data corresponding to each product identifier are divided into non-interfering data storage partitions in the physical memory space, fundamentally preventing data overwriting of different product identifiers during multi-variety mixed-flow surface mount production.

[0025] Step S102: If the current product identifier is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference product identifier, then clear the tooling status data corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache, output a rebinding signal, and update the reference product identifier to the current product identifier.

[0026] The reference product identifier is initialized with a preset default character state upon initial startup, serving as a reference benchmark for the initial verification. After obtaining the current product identifier, the character value is compared between the current product identifier and the pre-stored reference product identifier, and corresponding branch processing is performed based on the comparison result.

[0027] If the current product identifier is inconsistent with the reference product identifier, it indicates that a physical product switch has occurred on-site, triggering the cleanup and binding relationship reconstruction logic. Specifically, in memory, the physical storage state of the data partition corresponding to the previous reference product identifier in the tooling cache is cleared and reset to erase the corresponding old tooling state data, preventing historical caches left over from product changes between different product part numbers. After the clearing action is executed, a configuration reset event instruction is distributed to the control logic layer as a rebinding signal. The configuration reset event instruction can trigger the automatic clearing of the barcode input interface and force the cursor input focus of the scanning control to be reset, while temporarily blocking the physical reading signal of the serial number of the object to be processed, thereby triggering the binding relationship reconstruction process. Subsequently, the value of the baseline variable recording the reference product identifier is overwritten and updated to the current product identifier to update the judgment benchmark used for the next cycle of barcode comparison.

[0028] If the comparison determines that the current product identifier matches the pre-stored reference product identifier, it indicates that no product change has occurred on site. In this case, the action of clearing the tooling cache will not be triggered, the tooling binding status of the existing tooling in the local tooling cache will remain unchanged, the data partition mapped by the current product identifier will be read, and subsequent tooling identifier parsing and verification will be directly allowed.

[0029] Step S103: Verify the tooling identifier to be verified. If the verification is successful, determine the tooling type to which the tooling identifier to be verified belongs, and update the tooling status data in the tooling cache corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type.

[0030] When verifying the tooling identifier to be verified, the prefix feature of the tooling identifier is first parsed, and a preset character segment at the beginning of its string is extracted to determine its tooling type. For example, if the extracted prefix is ​​"ST", it is determined to be a steel mesh type; if the prefix is ​​"DN", it is determined to be a scraper type. Based on the different identified tooling types, the tooling identifier is routed to the corresponding verification channel for asynchronous validity verification via an asynchronous non-blocking mechanism. The corresponding branch logic is executed according to the comparison status returned by the verification channel.

[0031] If the verification returns a pass status or a preset warning status, the verification is considered successful. For the preset warning status, for example, when the lifespan of the stencil is close to the maintenance threshold but has not yet reached the scrap standard, the verification server returns a data status indicating a warning and allowing the verification to proceed. In this case, the verification logic treats the verification as successful, thus preventing unnecessary and frequent abnormal shutdowns of the production line due to non-fatal lifespan alarms and ensuring production continuity. After successful verification, it is determined that the tooling identifier belongs to the corresponding tooling type, and the value of the tooling identifier is updated and overwritten in memory to the data slot in the tooling cache corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type.

[0032] If the verification result indicates an error blocking status representing barcode mismatch, parameter mismatch, or tooling failure, the verification is deemed unsuccessful. In this case, update / write operations to the corresponding data slot in the tooling cache are blocked, and an alarm interruption event is dispatched to the client. For example, the barcode reader interface of the physical scanning device is locked, and a buzzer is activated to sound an error, prompting the physical operator to replace defective products or rescan compliant barcodes. The corresponding slot in the local tooling cache continues to maintain its original unbound or erroneous state.

[0033] Step S104: Calculate the current state representation value based on the tooling state data corresponding to the current product identifier; if the current state representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value, persist the tooling state data and update the reference state representation value to the current state representation value.

[0034] To optimize database disk read / write performance under high-frequency concurrent barcode scanning while ensuring accurate and error-proof card control, a persistent detection mechanism based on state hash calculation is introduced. The reference state representation value is initialized with a blank baseline hash value during the system's first cold start.

[0035] After the local tooling cache corresponding to the current product identifier completes its status update, the tooling status data for each tooling type within the partition mapped to that current product identifier is extracted. To eliminate temporal or physical disorder interference during the character extraction and concatenation process of each status data, the extracted tooling status data is sorted according to a preset tooling classification and sorting rule. The first and last characters of each sorted tooling status data are concatenated and aggregated to construct a configuration text string. Subsequently, a preset hash algorithm is applied to this configuration text string to obtain a feature hash value representing the overall tooling pairing configuration of the current machine, which serves as the current status representation value. This current status representation value is then compared character-wise with a pre-stored reference status representation value.

[0036] If the current state representation value is determined to be inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value, indicating a substantial change in the physical tooling configuration of the on-site machine, then the persistent storage logic is triggered. Specifically, the current corresponding tooling state data is serialized, for example, converted into structured XML text, and a write script is executed to persistently store the serialized structured data in the database. Afterward, the value of the reference variable recording the reference state representation value is overwritten and updated to the current state representation value.

[0037] If the current state representation value matches the pre-stored reference state representation value, indicating that the current physical machine's tooling assembly state has not changed physically compared to the previously saved historical state, then subsequent persistent write requests to the database are terminated at the system logic layer. In this case, high-frequency station-to-station verification actions do not trigger physical disk write operations. Memory-state hashing directly intercepts and eliminates redundant database write transactions, thereby greatly alleviating the disk I / O and connection lockout pressure on the central database during high-concurrency control of the physical production line.

[0038] Step S105: When performing processing control on the object to be processed, if the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier does not meet the preset integrity conditions, the processing operation on the object to be processed is intercepted.

[0039] When the object to be processed is transferred from the previous station to the current patch or screen printing station and a station pass execution instruction is received for the object to be processed, the tooling cache is quickly retrieved to find the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier of the object to be processed, and the corresponding physical and logical card control branches are executed according to the retrieval results.

[0040] If the preset integrity condition is not met, the physical flow and data recording of the object to be processed are blocked. Specifically, if it is determined that the tooling status data in any required tooling type slot in the corresponding local tooling cache is empty, or if it is determined that the cache status identifier of the local tooling cache has been marked as globally invalid, then it is determined that the preset integrity condition is not met. In this case, the data communication layer refuses to save the transit completion data for the object to be processed in the manufacturing execution system, thereby blocking the processing action for the object to be processed.

[0041] If it is determined that the data of each tooling slot associated with the current product identifier has been bound and the tooling status has no failure identifier, that is, the preset integrity condition is fully met, then the system will not perform an interception action. In the manufacturing execution system, the processing station data for the object to be processed is allowed and saved in the database, thus completing normal product processing and data traceability.

[0042] Example 2 Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating another tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to the present invention. The steps of the tooling adaptive management method for product processing include: Step S201: Parse the format of the read raw identification data to obtain the current product identification and the tooling identification to be verified.

[0043] In one specific implementation, after an industrial barcode scanner or RFID reader scans a physical tag, it reads and uploads the original identification data. Since the code strings uploaded by the on-site scanning device under different protocols or environments may contain specific control characters, separators, or start / end markers, upon receiving the original identification data, a built-in regular expression or string slicing algorithm is invoked to perform format parsing and preprocessing on the original identification data (e.g., removing specific carriage returns, physical communication prefixes, physical communication suffixes, etc.), extracting a clean string sequence, and thus obtaining the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified, both with specific encoding formats. The current product identifier is the product's specification and model code (e.g., product part number PN), and the tooling identifier to be verified is a unique serial barcode affixed to a physical fixture and corresponding one-to-one with its physical entity.

[0044] Step S202: Using the current product identifier as the isolation primary key, match and address the data partition that maps to the current product identifier in the preset storage space, and load the data partition as the tooling cache to be invoked.

[0045] Specifically, a hash dictionary with a two-level key-value pair mapping structure (e.g., a high-speed cache structure built based on a ConcurrentDictionary thread-safe key-value pair object or a multi-thread-safe two-level key-value mapping container) is preset in the client memory. The extracted current product identifier is used as the isolation primary key and input into the retrieval entry of the hash dictionary to perform hash addressing calculation, thereby locating a hash storage space dedicated to the current product identifier in physical memory. The storage data structure in this space is loaded and activated by direct index matching, serving as the local tooling cache to be invoked during the current verification cycle. If the retrieval finds that there is no hash storage space in memory corresponding to the current product identifier, then dynamic memory allocation logic is used to allocate a dedicated physical storage partition in memory for the current product identifier, and the physical storage partition is mapped and loaded as the invoked tooling cache. Through this storage mechanism with the product identifier as the highest-level isolation key, the data cross-access link between different product identifiers is physically cut off and isolated, preventing memory data cross-contamination during mixed-stream patch production or high-concurrency scanning.

[0046] Step S203: In the invoked tooling cache, initialize and allocate data slots for storing tooling status data for each tooling type.

[0047] Specifically, the system locates the specific physical partition corresponding to the loaded tooling cache. Within its underlying memory space, it initializes and allocates corresponding data slots for each preset tooling type according to a preset structure configuration. Each data slot is defined in the data structure as an internal dictionary unit with a specific unique key (e.g., corresponding to stencil, front scraper, rear scraper, and solder paste). During initial allocation, these slots are assigned a specific default identifier (e.g., an empty character) so that after subsequent tooling barcode verification, the corresponding valid tooling identifier information is written into the corresponding slot to represent the binding status. If, when calling the tooling cache, it is determined that the relevant tooling type slot already contains historical binding data and no product change clearing action has been triggered, the slot is directly pointed to the existing cache address, providing a data basis for subsequent tooling status determination.

[0048] Step S204: Perform a character value comparison between the current product identifier and the pre-stored reference product identifier.

[0049] In a specific implementation, a reference product identifier recorded in physical memory is read. During the initialization phase or cold start state, this reference product identifier is pre-assigned a specific null value or a default placeholder string (e.g., an empty string or an initial code). The obtained current product identifier and the read reference product identifier are input into character comparison logic to perform precise equality verification based on character sequences (e.g., calling a case-insensitive character equality comparison method) to determine whether the currently scanned product part number matches the previously stored reference part number.

[0050] Step S205: If the comparison determines that the two are inconsistent, the physical storage space state corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache is reset to clear the tooling state data.

[0051] Inconsistencies in the comparison and determination include situations where the current product part number differs from the previous historical part number (i.e., physical product changeover), or inconsistencies during the cold start determination in the first verification cycle. Under this determination branch, the data partition mapped to the reference product identifier in volatile memory is located and locked. The underlying memory cleanup instruction or structure destruction method is called to reset all tooling status data of each tooling type stored in this partition to a blank state, thereby erasing the residual tooling status of the old product in the memory area and preventing historical cached data from contaminating the assembly relationship of the new product during product changeover.

[0052] Step S206: Distribute a configuration reset event instruction to the control logic layer as a rebinding signal to trigger the reconstructing process of the binding relationship.

[0053] After resetting the physical partition storage space corresponding to the reference product identifier, the underlying asynchronous message queue, event bus, or event delegate mechanism is invoked to distribute a configuration reset event command with an event identifier to the control logic layer as the rebinding signal. Upon receiving the configuration reset event command, the control logic layer directly blocks or suspends the physical input interface for the serial number of the object to be processed through logic card control, clears the residual unsubmitted codes in the barcode scanning buffer, and forces the input cursor on the interface to refocus on the barcode scanning input slot of the first tooling type. Through hardware and software status linkage, it forces the system to enter the waiting state for binding relationship reconstruction.

[0054] Step S207: Overwrite and update the baseline storage variable that records the reference product identifier to the current product identifier.

[0055] After asynchronously distributing the partition reset and rebinding signals, the string data of the current product identifier is read and overwritten into the reference storage variable that records the reference product identifier in physical memory. This completes the overwrite update of the reference variable, providing the latest and valid part number comparison reference for high-frequency barcode scanning verification in subsequent inspection cycles. If it is determined in step S204 that the current product identifier is consistent with the reference product identifier, the system bypasses steps S205, S206, and S207, and directly uses the corresponding tooling status data in the existing cache partition to execute the subsequent parsing and verification process.

[0056] Step S208: parse the prefix features of the tooling identifier to be verified in order to determine the tooling type to which it belongs.

[0057] Specifically, string feature extraction is performed on the obtained tooling identifier to be verified (e.g., using truncation methods or regular expressions to extract the first one or two characters of the barcode string). The extracted prefix feature characters are then compared with a preset tooling matching rule table for equality determination: if the prefix feature is "ST", the tooling type is determined to be a stencil type; if the prefix feature is "DN", the tooling type is determined to be a scraper type; if the prefix feature is "R" or "r", the tooling type is determined to be a solder paste type. Through this mechanism, the logical mapping relationship between the tooling identifier and the tooling type is automatically parsed and established at the barcode scanning entry point.

[0058] Before routing the tooling identifier to be verified to the corresponding verification channel, the process further includes: inputting the parsed tooling identifier to be verified into a hash deduplication set (e.g., a barcode deduplication container built based on a HashSet structure) pre-stored in volatile memory for matching and comparison. If it is determined that the tooling identifier to be verified already exists in the hash deduplication set, the duplicate scan submission is directly intercepted and rejected; if it does not exist, it is written into the hash deduplication set, and then the subsequent routing to the verification channel is executed. This avoids high-frequency redundancy interference to the backend database caused by physical operators repeatedly scanning the same barcode.

[0059] Step S209: The tooling identifier to be verified is routed to the verification channel corresponding to the identified tooling type for asynchronous validity verification.

[0060] Specifically, during program execution, a multi-threaded or non-blocking asynchronous call mechanism is employed. Based on the tooling type determined in step S208, the data is automatically routed to the corresponding independent verification channel in the background. For example, if the tooling type is determined to be stencil or scraper, the data is routed to the first verification channel, where the first asynchronous verification service is invoked and the corresponding first database script or stored procedure (such as G1-NBC-Check_STDN_Maint) is executed for parameterized comparison verification. If the tooling type is determined to be solder paste, the data is routed to the second verification channel, where the corresponding second asynchronous verification service is invoked and the corresponding second database stored procedure (such as SP_ValidatePaste) is executed for multi-dimensional verification (such as batch, expiration date, and production line machine matching verification). By routing the verification of different tooling types to independent verification channels, parallel non-blocking verification of background data can be achieved, preventing scanning delays caused by single-threaded serial waiting.

[0061] Step S210: If the verification result is either a verification passed status or a preset warning status that allows continued use, the verification is deemed passed. When parsing the data parameters returned from each verification channel, if the return value indicates that the verification is valid, it is considered to have passed; if the return value indicates a preset warning state that allows continued use, it is also considered to have passed. For this preset warning state, taking stencils as an example, when the number of times the stencil recorded in the database has been printed is close to the maintenance warning value (e.g., the preset maintenance point is 10,000 times, and it has been used a total of 9,800 times), but has not yet reached the scrapping threshold, the first verification channel returns data containing a warning flag. At this time, the comparison logic determines that the warning state belongs to the type that allows continued use, thus treating this verification as passed and allowing continued processing. This avoids abnormal physical shutdowns of the production line due to non-fatal lifespan critical states, improving production line operating efficiency. If the verification result is an error interception state (e.g., Error) representing barcode mismatch, parameter mismatch, or tooling failure, it is directly determined as verification failure, blocking the current slot status update and distributing an error interception signal to the client to lock the scanning interface.

[0062] Step S211: Update the tooling status data in the tooling cache corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type.

[0063] After verification is passed in step S210, the current tooling identifier character is written into the tooling cache in memory. Specifically, the data partition corresponding to the current product identifier is located, and the data slot corresponding to the identified tooling type is found in the underlying physical memory space. The current tooling identifier value is overwritten and filled into the data slot to refresh the tooling status data bound to the slot and remove the unverified state of the tooling type.

[0064] Step S212: Aggregate and string together the tooling status data to construct a configuration text string, perform hash calculation on the configuration text string to obtain a hash value as the current status representation value.

[0065] Specifically, within the data partition corresponding to the current product identifier, the tooling status data bound to each data slot is extracted. To eliminate the uncertainty interference caused by the randomness of the barcode data reading order or asynchronous concurrent filling order to subsequent feature calculations, the extracted tooling status data is sorted and ordered according to a preset fixed arrangement order of tooling categories (e.g., the concatenated order of stencil barcodes, front scraper barcodes, rear scraper barcodes, and solder paste barcodes). After sorting, the first and last characters of each sorted tooling status data are concatenated, aggregated, and serialized to construct a unique configuration text string. Subsequently, a specific hash algorithm (e.g., SHA-256 or MD5 algorithm) is applied to the configuration text string to obtain a feature hash value representing the overall physical tooling configuration pairing status of the current machine, which serves as the current status representation value.

[0066] Step S213: If it is determined that the current state representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value, then the state data of each tooling is serialized, and the writing script is executed to persistently store the serialized structured data in the database.

[0067] Specifically, the reference state representation value recorded in physical memory is read (in the initialization state or during system cold start, the reference state representation value is preset to a specific blank baseline hash). The current state representation value is compared with the pre-stored reference state representation value to determine if they are consistent. If they are inconsistent (indicating a substantial change in the tooling configuration on the current physical machine, or that the system is in the initial initialization persistence phase), serialization processing is performed on the current tooling state data, converting it into structured data in a preset unstructured or structured text format (e.g., XML or JSON). Specifically, taking XML format as an example, the stencil number, front scraper number, rear scraper number, and solder paste batch number are used as text values ​​for structured nodes, and an aggregation is constructed containing... <steel> 、 <front> 、 <back> 、 <paste>The XML configuration text string for child nodes is then used. Subsequently, a persistent write script is executed using a data access module (e.g., an ORM framework). This involves distributing parameters containing the structured data to the database and executing the corresponding database stored procedure (e.g., SP_SaveFixtureGroup) to persistently store the structured data in the physical database in one go. If the current state representation value matches the pre-stored reference state representation value (indicating that the current assembly pairing state is exactly the same as the previously saved historical state), subsequent physical write operations to the central database are terminated at the system logic layer, thereby eliminating redundant physical disk write transactions under high-frequency concurrent barcode scanning.

[0068] Step S214: Overwrite and update the value of the reference variable that records the reference state representation value to the current state representation value.

[0069] After completing the persistent write operation in step S213, the value of the reference variable (e.g., status register or hash comparison pointer) that records the reference status representation value is overwritten and updated to the currently calculated current status representation value, thus completing the on-orbit coverage of the historical feature hash fingerprint, and providing the latest status determination reference benchmark for the next round of continuous high-frequency scanning verification.

[0070] Step S215: Upon receiving a transit execution instruction for the object to be processed, retrieve the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier from the tooling cache.

[0071] In a specific implementation, when an object to be processed (e.g., a printed circuit board (PCB) with a unique barcode or serial number) is transferred to the current processing station and is ready to submit its completion data, a station execution instruction for the object to be processed is received. Upon receiving the station execution instruction, the system locates the running physical memory space, retrieves the local data partition in the tooling cache that is specific to the current product identifier, and reads the tooling status data stored in the corresponding slots of each tooling type under that data partition.

[0072] Step S216: If it is determined that the tooling status data corresponding to any of the tooling types has not been successfully bound, or if it is determined that the cache identifier of the tooling cache has been marked as invalid, then it is determined that the preset integrity condition is not met.

[0073] Specifically, the validity status traversal and logical judgment are performed on the data slots corresponding to each tooling type retrieved: if it is determined that the data slot corresponding to any preset tooling type (such as stencil, front scraper, rear scraper, solder paste) has not been successfully written with verified barcode data (i.e., it is still in the initial blank or unbound state); or, if it is determined that the global cache identifier of the tooling cache is in a state representing failure (e.g., during the current processing, due to the physical removal or damage of the key fixture, a failure command is executed and a failure flag is written in the memory-mapped space), then it is determined that the preset tooling integrity condition is not met.

[0074] Specifically, the triggering scenarios for the failure state include: when the workstation sensor detects that the steel mesh or scraper has been physically pulled out or removed, when the machine suddenly stops, or when the operator triggers a reset / unbind command in the UI interface, the system automatically calls the failure clearing logic (e.g., InvalidateFixtureGroupId) to forcibly overwrite the tooling cache identifier corresponding to the current product identifier as the failure flag. Step S217: Execute logic blocking to refuse to save the processing result for the object to be processed, thereby intercepting the processing operation for the object to be processed.

[0075] If the preset integrity condition is not met, the data submission layer logic refuses to write a completion record or physical save request for the object to be processed to the manufacturing execution system's database. Because this completion record is missing, subsequent automated inspection stations (such as AOI or SPI inspection stations) will refuse to start the corresponding inspection process when scanning the board barcode to retrieve the previous status, as they will not be able to find a valid completion record for the current process. This intercepts the processing action for the object to be processed throughout the entire production process.

[0076] If the preset integrity condition is met in step S216 (i.e., the data slots of each tooling type have been written with binding data in compliance with regulations, and the tooling cache is in a valid state), then the interception action will not be triggered, and the transit data of the object to be processed will be allowed and saved in the manufacturing execution system to complete the normal closed-loop processing.

[0077] Example 3 Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a third embodiment of the tooling adaptive management device for product processing according to the present invention. The device is used to implement the tooling adaptive management method for product processing described in embodiments one or two above. The device includes: The identifier acquisition module 301 is used to acquire the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified of the object to be processed, and to call the tooling cache; wherein, the tooling cache stores tooling status data of each tooling type with the product identifier as the isolation dimension.

[0078] In some optional embodiments, the identifier acquisition module 301 includes: The format parsing unit is used to parse the read raw identification data to obtain the current product identification and the tooling identification to be verified. The matching addressing unit is used to use the current product identifier as the isolation primary key, match and address the data partition that maps to the current product identifier in the preset storage space, and load the data partition as the invoked tooling cache; The slot allocation unit is used to initialize and allocate data slots for storing the tooling status data for each tooling type within the invoked tooling cache.

[0079] The cache control module 302 is used to clear the tooling status data corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache, output a rebinding signal, and update the reference product identifier to the current product identifier when the current product identifier is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference product identifier.

[0080] In some alternative embodiments, the cache control module 302 includes: A character comparison unit is used to perform character value comparison between the current product identifier and the pre-stored reference product identifier; The space reset unit is used to reset the physical storage space state corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache if the comparison determines that the two are inconsistent, so as to clear the tooling state data. The instruction distribution unit is used to distribute configuration reset event instructions to the control logic layer as a rebinding signal to trigger the reconstruction process of the binding relationship; The variable update unit is used to overwrite and update the baseline storage variable that records the reference product identifier to the current product identifier.

[0081] The tooling verification module 303 is used to verify the tooling identifier to be verified. If the verification is successful, the tooling type to which the tooling identifier to be verified belongs is determined, and the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type in the tooling cache is updated.

[0082] In some alternative embodiments, the tooling verification module 303 includes: A prefix parsing unit is used to parse the prefix features of the tooling identifier to be verified in order to determine the tooling type to which it belongs; The routing verification unit is used to route the tooling identifier to be verified to the verification channel corresponding to the identified tooling type for asynchronous validity verification. The determination unit is used to determine that the verification is successful when the verification result is a verification success status or a preset warning status that allows continued use. The slot update unit is used to update the tooling status data in the tooling cache that corresponds to the current product identifier and the tooling type.

[0083] The data synchronization module 304 is used to calculate the current state representation value based on the status data of each tooling corresponding to the current product identifier; if the current state representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value, the status data of each tooling is persistently stored and the reference state representation value is updated to the current state representation value.

[0084] In some alternative embodiments, the data synchronization module 304 includes: The serialization hash unit is used to aggregate and serialize the tooling status data into a configuration text string, perform hash calculation on the configuration text string, and obtain a hash value as the current status representation value. The persistent writing unit is used to serialize the tooling state data and execute a writing script to persistently store the serialized structured data in the database if it is determined that the current state representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value. The variable overwrite unit is used to overwrite and update the value of the reference variable that records the reference state representation value to the current state representation value.

[0085] The processing interception module 305 is used to intercept the processing operation on the object to be processed if the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier does not meet the preset integrity conditions when performing processing control on the object to be processed.

[0086] In some alternative embodiments, the processing interception module 305 includes: The transit retrieval unit is used to retrieve the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier in the tooling cache when a transit execution instruction for the object to be processed is received. The condition judgment unit is used to determine that the preset integrity condition is not met if it is determined that the tooling status data corresponding to any tooling type has not been successfully bound, or if it is determined that the cache identifier of the tooling cache has been marked as invalid. The logic blocking unit is used to perform logic blocking, refuse to save the processing result for the object to be processed, and thus intercept the processing operation for the object to be processed.

[0087] Example 4 Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device. Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including: one or more processors 101, a memory 102, and one or more I / O interfaces 103. The memory 102 stores one or more programs, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement any of the tooling adaptive management methods for product processing as described in the above embodiments; the one or more I / O interfaces 103 are connected between the processor and the memory, configured to enable information interaction between the processor and the memory.

[0088] The processor 101 is a device with data processing capabilities, including but not limited to a central processing unit (CPU) and a graphics processing unit (GPU); the memory 102 is a device with data storage capabilities, including but not limited to random access memory (RAM, more specifically SDRAM, DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and flash memory (FLASH); the I / O interface (read / write interface) 103 is connected between the processor 101 and the memory 102, and can realize information interaction between the processor 101 and the memory 102, including but not limited to a data bus (Bus).

[0089] In some embodiments, the processor 101, memory 102, and I / O interface 103 are interconnected via bus 104, and thus connected to other components of the computing device.

[0090] In some embodiments, the one or more processors 101 include a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for accelerating feature hashing of tooling configuration data to further reduce latency during high-frequency concurrent barcode scanning status determination.

[0091] Example 5 This invention also provides a computer storage medium storing computer program instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of a tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to any embodiment.

[0092] The storage medium can be a non-volatile storage medium, such as a hard disk, optical disk, USB flash drive, flash memory, etc.

[0093] Example 6 This invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of a tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to any embodiment.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0095] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the methods, apparatuses, electronic devices, and storage media disclosed in this invention can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0096] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0097] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0098] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned readable storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0099] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.< / paste> < / back> < / front> < / steel>

Claims

1. A tooling adaptive management method for product processing, characterized in that, include: Obtain the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified of the object to be processed, and call the tooling cache; wherein, the tooling cache stores tooling status data of each tooling type with the product identifier as the isolation dimension; If the current product identifier is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference product identifier, then the tooling status data corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache is cleared, a rebinding signal is output, and the reference product identifier is updated to the current product identifier. The tooling identifier to be verified is verified. If the verification is successful, the tooling type to which the tooling identifier to be verified belongs is determined, and the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type in the tooling cache is updated. The current state representation value is calculated based on the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier. If the current state representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value, then the state data of each tooling will be persistently stored, and the reference state representation value will be updated to the current state representation value. When performing processing control on the object to be processed, if the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier does not meet the preset integrity conditions, the processing operation on the object to be processed is blocked.

2. The tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified of the object to be processed, and calling the tooling cache, includes: The original identification data read is parsed to obtain the current product identification and the tooling identification to be verified; Using the current product identifier as the isolation primary key, the data partition mapped to the current product identifier is matched and addressed in the preset storage space, and the data partition is loaded as the tooling cache to be called. Within the invoked tooling cache, data slots for storing tooling status data are initialized and allocated for each tooling type.

3. The tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the current product identifier is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference product identifier, then the tooling status data corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache is cleared, a rebinding signal is output, and the reference product identifier is updated to the current product identifier, including: Perform a character value comparison between the current product identifier and the pre-stored reference product identifier; If the comparison determines that the two are inconsistent, the physical storage space state corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache is reset to clear the tooling state data. A configuration reset event instruction is distributed to the control logic layer as a rebinding signal to trigger the reconstructing process of the binding relationship; The baseline storage variable that records the reference product identifier is overwritten and updated to the current product identifier.

4. The tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The verification of the tooling identifier to be verified, if the verification passes, determines the tooling type to which the tooling identifier to be verified belongs, and updates the tooling status data in the tooling cache corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type, including: The prefix features of the tooling identifier to be verified are analyzed to determine the type of tooling to which it belongs; The tooling identifier to be verified is routed to the verification channel corresponding to the identified tooling type for asynchronous validity verification. If the verification result is either "verification passed" or a preset warning indicating that continued use is allowed, the verification is considered passed. Update the tooling status data in the tooling cache that corresponds to the current product identifier and the tooling type.

5. The tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current state characterization value is calculated based on the tooling state data corresponding to the current product identifier. If the current state representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value, then the state data of each tooling is persistently stored, and the reference state representation value is updated to the current state representation value, including: The tooling status data are aggregated and serialized to construct a configuration text string. The configuration text string is then hashed to obtain a hash value, which is used as the current status representation value. If it is determined that the current state representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference state representation value, then the state data of each tooling is serialized, and a writing script is executed to persistently store the serialized structured data in the database. The value of the reference variable that records the reference state representation value is overwritten and updated to the current state representation value.

6. The tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, When performing processing control on the object to be processed, if the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier does not meet the preset integrity conditions, the processing operation for the object to be processed is intercepted, including: Upon receiving a station pass execution instruction for the object to be processed, retrieve the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier from the tooling cache; If it is determined that the tooling status data corresponding to any of the tooling types has not been successfully bound, or if it is determined that the cache identifier of the tooling cache has been marked as invalid, then it is determined that the preset integrity condition is not met. The execution logic is blocked, and the processing result for the object to be processed is refused to be saved, thereby intercepting the processing operation for the object to be processed.

7. A tooling adaptive management device for product processing, characterized in that, include: The identifier acquisition module is used to acquire the current product identifier and the tooling identifier to be verified of the object to be processed, and to call the tooling cache; wherein, the tooling cache stores tooling status data of each tooling type with the product identifier as the isolation dimension; The cache control module is used to clear the tooling status data corresponding to the reference product identifier in the tooling cache, output a rebinding signal, and update the reference product identifier to the current product identifier when the current product identifier is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference product identifier. The tooling verification module is used to verify the tooling identifier to be verified. If the verification is successful, the tooling type to which the tooling identifier to be verified belongs is determined, and the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier and the tooling type in the tooling cache is updated. The data synchronization module is used to calculate the current status representation value based on the status data of each tooling corresponding to the current product identifier; if the current status representation value is inconsistent with the pre-stored reference status representation value, the status data of each tooling is persistently stored and the reference status representation value is updated to the current status representation value. The processing interception module is used to intercept processing operations on the object to be processed if the tooling status data corresponding to the current product identifier does not meet the preset integrity conditions when performing processing control on the object to be processed.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; as well as Memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; When the processor runs the instructions, it executes the tooling adaptive management method for product processing according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the tooling adaptive management method for product processing as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the tooling adaptive management method for product processing as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.