Method and device for distributing flow of molten salt, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and discloses a molten salt flow distribution method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium, wherein the method comprises: obtaining a steam node corresponding to the molten salt fluid at the current time; determining a real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node; determining a narrow point temperature difference weight based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat exchange node corresponding to the molten salt fluid; obtaining the mass flow loss of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and the current time; and determining the distribution flow of each node of the molten salt fluid at the current time based on the coupling result of the narrow point temperature difference weight and the mass flow loss. Through the technical scheme of the present application, the optimal distribution of molten salt flow is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for distributing molten salt flow. Background Technology

[0002] Although the grid connection rate of new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics has continued to rise with the rapid development of new power systems, thermal power plants still bear the heavy responsibility of peak shaving due to the significant intermittency and volatility of new energy sources. Therefore, introducing molten salt energy storage technology into thermal power plants, which involves extracting steam to heat molten salt for energy storage during low-load periods and using the molten salt to release heat and generate electricity during high-load periods, has become the mainstream technical approach.

[0003] In existing control schemes for molten salt energy storage systems in thermal power plants, the regulation logic largely relies on static threshold judgment and setpoint feedback control. However, in actual operation, using static threshold judgment to schedule the distribution and heat exchange of molten salt fluid can cause the temperature difference at narrow points within the heat exchange nodes to deviate from the optimal design reference, resulting in significant irreversible thermodynamic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for distributing molten salt flow rate to solve the problem of poor molten salt flow rate distribution.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for distributing molten salt flow rate, comprising: Obtain the steam node corresponding to the molten salt fluid at the current moment; Based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node, the real-time specific enthalpy gradient is determined. Based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat transfer nodes corresponding to the molten salt fluid, the narrow point temperature difference weight is determined. Obtain the mass flow rate loss of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment; Based on the coupling results of narrow-point temperature difference weighting and mass flow loss, the distributed flow rate of molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment is determined.

[0006] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention accurately captures the thermodynamic changes under deep peak-shaving transient conditions by acquiring the first real-time temperature and pressure of the steam node and determining the real-time specific enthalpy gradient. Based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat exchange nodes corresponding to the molten salt fluid, a narrow-point temperature difference weight is determined, enabling the weight to dynamically and adaptively adjust with changes in operating conditions, avoiding the problem of adjustment lag. The mass flow loss of the heat exchange node at the current moment is acquired, and the narrow-point temperature difference weight is coupled with the mass flow loss. Finally, based on the coupling result, the distribution flow of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment is determined. This method balances minimizing irreversible thermodynamic losses with the safety boundary constraints of the narrow-point temperature difference during optimization, preventing the narrow-point temperature difference within the heat exchange node from deviating from the optimal baseline operating conditions, thereby effectively reducing the overall effective energy loss of the system and achieving optimal molten salt flow distribution.

[0007] In one optional implementation, determining the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the vapor node includes: Based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node, the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node are determined respectively. Based on the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure, determine the first real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the current moment; Obtain the second real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the previous moment; The real-time specific enthalpy gradient is determined based on the difference between the first and second real-time specific enthalpy values.

[0008] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention determines the first estimated temperature and pressure corresponding to the steam node based on the first real-time temperature and pressure, respectively, thereby removing high-frequency noise and abnormal fluctuations in the original measurement signal. Based on the first estimated temperature and pressure, the first real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the current moment is determined, and the second real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the previous moment is obtained. The real-time specific enthalpy gradient is determined by the difference between the first and second real-time specific enthalpy values, which can accurately quantify the rate of change of the thermodynamic parameters of the steam node and avoid gradient calculation deviations caused by noise interference.

[0009] In one alternative implementation, obtaining the mass flow rate loss of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment includes: Based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first estimated temperature and first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node, the transient characteristics of the molten salt fluid are determined. Based on the first estimated temperature and first estimated pressure in the transient characteristics, the real-time specific entropy is determined; Obtain the first molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt inlet temperature of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node at the current moment; The mass flow rate loss is obtained by coupling the real-time specific entropy, real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first molten salt outlet temperature, and first molten salt inlet temperature.

[0010] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention determines the transient characteristics of the molten salt fluid based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first estimated temperature, and first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node, thus comprehensively capturing the multi-dimensional thermodynamic information of the steam node. The real-time specific entropy is determined based on the first estimated temperature and first estimated pressure in the transient characteristics, avoiding interference from noise in the original measurement signal on the real-time specific entropy calculation results. The first molten salt outlet temperature and first molten salt inlet temperature at the heat exchange node are obtained at the current moment, and the mass flow loss is obtained by coupling the real-time specific entropy, real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first molten salt outlet temperature, and first molten salt inlet temperature. This makes the mass flow loss more closely reflect the effective energy loss in the actual heat exchange process, avoiding the result deviation caused by a single parameter.

[0011] In one optional implementation, the real-time specific entropy, real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first molten salt outlet temperature, and first molten salt inlet temperature are coupled to obtain the mass flow rate loss, including: Obtain the real-time mass flow rate of steam and the real-time mass flow rate of molten salt corresponding to the molten salt fluid; The first mass loss is determined based on the coupling results of real-time steam mass flow rate, real-time specific entropy, and real-time specific enthalpy gradient. The second mass loss is determined based on the coupling results of the real-time mass flow rate of molten salt, the outlet temperature of the first molten salt, and the inlet temperature of the first molten salt. The mass flow loss is determined based on the difference between the first mass loss and the second mass loss.

[0012] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention obtains the real-time steam mass flow rate and the real-time molten salt mass flow rate corresponding to the molten salt fluid. Based on the coupling result of the real-time steam mass flow rate, real-time specific entropy, and real-time specific enthalpy gradient, a first mass loss is determined, which quantifies the effective energy release of the steam node during the heat exchange process. A second mass loss is determined based on the coupling result of the real-time molten salt mass flow rate, the first molten salt outlet temperature, and the first molten salt inlet temperature, which allows the effective energy absorption of the molten salt during the heat exchange process to be quantified using the temperature difference on the molten salt side and the mass flow rate. Finally, the mass flow rate loss is determined based on the difference between the first and second mass losses, making the mass flow rate loss more closely reflect the actual effective energy loss during the heat exchange process and avoiding the result deviation caused by a single parameter.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the molten salt fluid's allocated flow rate at the current moment and at each node is determined based on the coupling result of narrow-point temperature difference weighting and mass flow rate loss, including: Obtain the real-time narrow-point temperature difference corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the opening degree of each molten salt regulation level; The initial loss information is determined by coupling the narrow point temperature difference weight, the real-time narrow point temperature difference, and the mass flow loss. Based on the optimization space corresponding to the molten salt adjustment opening at each level, the initial loss information is optimized to obtain the target loss information. Based on the target loss information, the flow rate of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment is determined.

[0014] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention obtains the real-time narrow-point temperature difference corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the opening degree of each molten salt regulation level, and couples the narrow-point temperature difference weight, real-time narrow-point temperature difference, and mass flow loss to determine the initial loss information. This method can simultaneously quantify the mass flow loss of the heat exchange node and the safety boundary of the narrow-point temperature difference. Based on the optimization space corresponding to each molten salt regulation opening degree, the initial loss information is optimized to obtain the target loss information, which can achieve the operating condition with the lowest initial loss information within the opening range. Finally, the flow distribution is determined based on the target loss information, so that the flow distribution result not only minimizes the initial loss information but also avoids the narrow-point temperature difference within the heat exchange node deviating from the optimal baseline operating condition.

[0015] In one optional implementation, the initial loss information is optimized based on the optimization space corresponding to the molten salt adjustment opening at each level to obtain the target loss information, including: Based on the input gain corresponding to the opening degree of each molten salt and the mass flow rate of the molten salt fluid at the current moment, the second molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node of the molten salt fluid at the next moment is determined. The first constraint is determined based on the difference between the second molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt outlet temperature at the heat exchange node; The second constraint is determined based on the difference between the first molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node and the third molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node at the previous moment. The third constraint is determined based on the difference between the initial loss information and the preset convergence threshold; Based on the first, second, and third constraints, the initial loss information is optimized to obtain the target loss information. The optimization space includes the first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint.

[0016] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention determines the second molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node at the next moment based on the input gain corresponding to the opening degree of each molten salt level and the mass flow rate of the molten salt fluid at the current moment. This allows for advance prediction of the dynamic changes in the operating conditions of the subsequent heat exchange node. A first constraint is determined based on the difference between the second molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node, ensuring that the molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node remains within a safe range. A second constraint is determined based on the difference between the first molten salt outlet temperature and the third molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node at the previous moment, effectively limiting the variation in molten salt outlet temperature and preventing sudden flow changes from causing thermal stress exceeding limits. A third constraint is determined based on the difference between the initial loss information and a preset convergence threshold, ensuring that the optimization process converges to a feasible optimal solution. Finally, based on the optimization space constituted by the first, second, and third constraints, the initial loss information is optimized to obtain the target loss information, enabling the target loss information to achieve the optimal initial loss information while ensuring heat exchange safety.

[0017] In one alternative implementation, it further includes: Obtain the regulating components corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the mechanical travel parameters corresponding to the regulating components; The rate of decrease of the sliding pressure corresponding to the steam node is determined based on the difference between the first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node and the second estimated pressure of the steam node at the previous moment. Based on the allocated flow rate, determine the target opening degree of the molten salt fluid; Based on the target opening, the sliding pressure descent rate, and the mechanical travel parameters, the adjustment lead of the adjustment component is determined; The trigger time generated by adjusting the lead time drives the operation of the adjustment component.

[0018] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention obtains the regulating component corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the mechanical travel parameters of the regulating component. Then, based on the difference between the first estimated pressure and the second estimated pressure at the previous moment, it determines the sliding pressure drop rate corresponding to the steam node, thereby quantifying the degree of pressure change under the current operating condition. The target opening degree of the molten salt fluid is determined based on the distributed flow rate, realizing the transformation and mapping of optimization decision results into execution commands. The adjustment lead of the regulating component is determined based on the target opening degree, the sliding pressure drop rate, and the mechanical travel parameters, calibrating the triggering timing of the execution actions of each actuator. Finally, based on the triggering time generated by the adjustment lead, the regulating component is driven to operate, achieving synchronous execution of the flow distribution command in the time dimension and avoiding flow distribution deviations caused by actuator response lag.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention provides a molten salt flow distribution device, comprising: The node acquisition module is used to acquire the steam node corresponding to the molten salt fluid at the current moment; The specific enthalpy determination module is used to determine the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the vapor node; The weight determination module is used to determine the narrow point temperature difference weight based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat exchange nodes corresponding to the molten salt fluid. The loss acquisition module is used to acquire the mass flow rate loss of molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment; The flow determination module is used to determine the allocated flow rate of molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment based on the coupling result of narrow-point temperature difference weighting and mass flow rate loss.

[0020] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the molten salt flow distribution method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0021] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the molten salt flow distribution method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0022] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the molten salt flow distribution method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first process of the molten salt flow distribution method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second process for distributing molten salt flow according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third process of the molten salt flow distribution method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth process of the molten salt flow distribution method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a molten salt flow distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in the present invention and their authorization should be obtained in accordance with relevant laws and regulations through appropriate means.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] With the rapid development of new power systems, the grid connection rate of new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics continues to rise. However, due to the intermittent and fluctuating output of new energy sources, thermal power plants still bear the heavy responsibility of peak shaving. Therefore, introducing molten salt energy storage technology into thermal power plants, which involves extracting steam to heat molten salt for energy storage during low-load periods and using the molten salt to release heat and generate electricity during high-load periods, has become the mainstream technical approach. In related technologies, the control logic of molten salt energy storage systems in thermal power plants largely relies on static threshold judgment and setpoint feedback control. However, in actual operation, relying solely on static threshold judgment to schedule the distribution and heat exchange of molten salt fluid can easily lead to deviations from the optimal design reference in narrow temperature differences within heat exchange nodes, resulting in significant irreversible thermodynamic losses.

[0029] Based on this, the technical solution of the present invention obtains the real-time specific enthalpy gradient of the steam node, adaptively adjusts the narrow point temperature difference weight based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient, and then couples the narrow point temperature difference weight with the mass flow rate loss of the heat exchange node for constraint. Finally, through optimization solution with safety boundary, the optimal allocation of molten salt flow rate is achieved.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for allocating molten salt flow rate is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0031] This embodiment provides a method for distributing molten salt flow, which can be used in electronic devices. These devices deploy a deep peak-shaving system for thermal power plants based on molten salt energy storage. This system is used to distribute the flow of molten salt fluid. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a molten salt flow distribution method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S101: Obtain the steam node corresponding to the molten salt fluid at the current moment.

[0032] Molten salt fluid refers to the molten salt working medium circulating in a molten salt energy storage system. It acts as a carrier of thermal energy, absorbing heat from steam to raise its temperature and store energy.

[0033] The current moment refers to the discrete sampling moment at which the flow allocation calculation is performed.

[0034] A steam node refers to a steam extraction point in the thermal system of a thermal power unit that has a heat exchange relationship with the molten salt energy storage system. Specifically, the steam node can include a main steam node and a reheat steam node. The main steam node is a steam extraction point located on the main steam pipeline; the reheat steam node is a steam extraction point located on the reheat steam pipeline, and the steam delivered by this node is reheated steam.

[0035] In a specific instance, each steam node and its corresponding index are pre-configured and stored in the DCS (Distributed Control System) configuration file or real-time database. When it is necessary to obtain the steam node corresponding to the molten salt fluid at the current moment, a read request is initiated to the DCS or real-time database via a standard industrial communication protocol based on the pre-configured index to obtain the steam node.

[0036] Step S102: Determine the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node.

[0037] The first real-time temperature refers to the temperature observation value at the discrete sampling time obtained by discrete sampling at a preset sampling period.

[0038] The first real-time pressure refers to the pressure observation value at the discrete sampling time obtained by discrete sampling at a preset sampling period.

[0039] The real-time enthalpy gradient refers to the change in specific enthalpy of a steam node per unit time, reflecting the rate of change of the steam node during transient processes. The larger the absolute value of the real-time enthalpy gradient, the more drastic the change in the current operating conditions.

[0040] Specifically, by using parameter mapping, the real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the current moment is calculated using the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node. Then, the back difference method is used to calculate the real-time specific enthalpy gradient using the real-time specific enthalpy value.

[0041] Step S103: Determine the narrow point temperature difference weight based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat exchange nodes corresponding to the molten salt fluid.

[0042] A heat exchange node refers to a stage of molten salt heat exchange equipment in a molten salt energy storage system. In this equipment, high-temperature steam and low-temperature molten salt exchange heat, with the steam releasing heat and condensing or cooling down, while the molten salt absorbs heat and heats up. Each heat exchange node corresponds to an independent heat exchange device.

[0043] The narrow-point temperature difference refers to the minimum temperature difference between the steam side and the molten salt side along the heat exchange surface inside a heat exchanger. It is used to characterize the heat transfer driving force of the heat exchanger. The smaller the narrow-point temperature difference, the weaker the heat transfer driving force, the lower the heat exchange area utilization rate, and the larger the heat exchange area required to complete the same amount of heat exchange. Under constant heat exchange task conditions, the larger the narrow-point temperature difference, the stronger the heat transfer driving force, but the irreversible losses during the heat exchange process will also increase accordingly.

[0044] The narrow-point temperature difference weight refers to the weighting coefficient of the narrow-point temperature difference penalty term, used to quantify the severity of the penalty for the narrow-point temperature difference deviating from the optimal baseline. This weight can be dynamically adjusted according to the drastic changes in the current operating conditions. For example, when the absolute value of the real-time specific enthalpy gradient is large, it indicates that the current operating conditions are changing drastically, and the narrow-point temperature difference weight will increase accordingly.

[0045] Specifically, based on the index of the heat exchange node corresponding to the molten salt fluid, the independent calculation channel corresponding to that heat exchange node is determined. Then, the real-time specific enthalpy gradient is used as an input variable, and the narrow-point temperature difference weight is determined by calculating using the exponential dynamic tuning function built into the independent calculation channel corresponding to that heat exchange node. Here, "independent calculation channel" means that each heat exchange node performs calculations independently; "exponential dynamic tuning function" refers to the nonlinear mapping relationship between the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the penalty weight.

[0046] Step S104: Obtain the mass flow rate loss of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment.

[0047] Mass flow loss refers to the amount of effective energy lost during heat transfer at a heat exchange node due to irreversible factors. These irreversible factors include heat transfer due to the finite temperature difference between steam and molten salt, viscous frictional resistance during fluid flow, and additional thermal resistance caused by the structure of the heat exchange equipment.

[0048] Specifically, based on the thermodynamic parameters corresponding to the steam node and the operating parameters corresponding to the molten salt side, the effective energy changes of the steam side and the molten salt side before and after heat exchange are calculated respectively. Based on the difference in effective energy changes on both sides, the mass flow rate loss corresponding to the heat exchange node at the current moment is obtained.

[0049] Step S105: Based on the coupling result of narrow point temperature difference weight and mass flow loss, determine the distributed flow rate of molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment.

[0050] The coupling result refers to the quantitative index obtained by weighting the narrow point temperature difference weight and the mass flow loss under the optimization objective of minimizing mass flow loss, which is used to guide the optimization of flow allocation.

[0051] The distributed flow rate refers to the mass flow rate of molten salt fluid from the main outlet of the molten salt pump to each heat exchange node at the current moment. This distributed flow rate is determined by the combined opening degree of the molten salt regulating valves at each stage, and the sum of the flow rates at each heat exchange node equals the main outlet flow rate of the molten salt pump.

[0052] Specifically, pre-defined constraints are used to optimize the feasible region. These constraints may include physical boundary constraints, anti-crystallization temperature constraints, and thermal stress resistance constraints. With minimizing mass flow loss as the optimization objective, a quantified index is obtained by weighting the narrow-point temperature difference weight and the mass flow loss. Then, within the feasible region defined by the constraints, a nonlinear programming algorithm is used for iterative search to determine the opening combination corresponding to minimizing the quantified index. Based on this opening combination, the flow rate distribution of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment is determined.

[0053] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention accurately captures the thermodynamic changes under deep peak-shaving transient conditions by acquiring the first real-time temperature and pressure of the steam node and determining the real-time specific enthalpy gradient. Based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat exchange nodes corresponding to the molten salt fluid, a narrow-point temperature difference weight is determined, enabling the weight to dynamically and adaptively adjust with changes in operating conditions, avoiding the problem of adjustment lag. The mass flow loss of the heat exchange node at the current moment is acquired, and the narrow-point temperature difference weight is coupled with the mass flow loss. Finally, based on the coupling result, the distribution flow of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment is determined. This method balances minimizing irreversible thermodynamic losses with the safety boundary constraints of the narrow-point temperature difference during optimization, preventing the narrow-point temperature difference within the heat exchange node from deviating from the optimal baseline operating conditions, thereby effectively reducing the overall effective energy loss of the system and achieving optimal molten salt flow distribution.

[0054] This embodiment provides a method for distributing molten salt flow, which can be used in electronic devices. These devices deploy a deep peak-shaving system for thermal power plants based on molten salt energy storage. This system is used to distribute the flow of molten salt fluid. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a molten salt flow distribution method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S201: Obtain the steam node corresponding to the molten salt fluid at the current moment. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S101 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0055] Step S202: Determine the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node.

[0056] Specifically, step S202 includes: Step S2021: Based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node, determine the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node.

[0057] The first estimated temperature refers to the true temperature estimate obtained after preprocessing the first real-time temperature to eliminate time phase hysteresis.

[0058] The first estimated pressure refers to the true pressure estimate obtained after preprocessing to remove noise and abnormal disturbances from the first real-time pressure.

[0059] In a specific example, the UKF algorithm (Unscented Kalman Filter) can be used to preprocess the first real-time temperature corresponding to the steam node; moving average denoising can be used to preprocess the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node, specifically including: First, for the steam nodes (the set of nodes is...) (where 1 represents the main steam node and 2 represents the reheat steam node) with a preset sampling period. Perform discrete sampling to obtain the first... The first real-time temperature at each discrete sampling time With first real-time pressure :

[0060] in, Indicates the first The true temperature at each discrete sampling time. Indicates the first The thermal inertia time constant of the temperature sensor at each node; Indicates the first The first real-time temperature at each discrete sampling time; This represents the observation noise of a system that follows a Gaussian distribution.

[0061] Based on steam node The true temperature at each discrete sampling time is used to determine the state vector. The vector components correspond to the actual temperatures of the main steam node and the reheat steam node, respectively.

[0062] Then, the UKF algorithm is used for iterative updates to obtain the first estimated temperature after eliminating time phase hysteresis. :

[0063] in, Indicates the prior predicted value; This represents the predicted value of the first real-time temperature; This represents the Kalman gain matrix.

[0064] Finally, the first real-time pressure at each sampling time is denoised using a sliding window mean filter to obtain the first estimated pressure. :

[0065] in, Indicates the length of the sliding window; This indicates the first real-time pressure at the current and historical sampling points.

[0066] Step S2022: Based on the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure, determine the first real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the current moment.

[0067] The first real-time specific enthalpy is a state parameter characterizing the energy state of a substance. The magnitude of the first real-time specific enthalpy reflects the amount of energy carried by the steam. Specifically, the larger the first real-time specific enthalpy, the more energy a unit mass of steam carries; the smaller the first real-time specific enthalpy, the less heat energy can be released per unit mass through heat exchange.

[0068] Specifically, the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure are used as input variables, and the water vapor thermodynamic property benchmark equation (IAPWS-IF97) is used. The mapping function maps the state parameters to obtain the first real-time specific enthalpy value of the current steam node at the current moment.

[0069] In a specific example, the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure are first converted into dimensionless variables:

[0070]

[0071] in, and This indicates a specific reference value for the corresponding region; This represents a dimensionless variable of pressure. This represents a dimensionless variable of temperature.

[0072] Based on the dimensionless variables of pressure and temperature, the region to which the steam node belongs in the phase diagram of water and water vapor is determined. Then, the dimensionless equation for the Gibbs free energy of the corresponding region is called to obtain the first real-time specific enthalpy value of the current steam node at the current moment.

[0073] in, Represents a specific gas constant; Indicates the reference temperature for the corresponding area; It represents the partial derivative of the dimensionless Gibbs free energy with respect to the dimensionless variable of temperature; It represents the partial derivative of the dimensionless Gibbs free energy with respect to the dimensionless variable of pressure.

[0074] Step S2023: Obtain the second real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the previous moment.

[0075] Using the timestamp of the current sampling moment as an index, the enthalpy value of the steam node at the previous sampling moment is read from the historical data cache or real-time database, which is the second real-time enthalpy value. If the current sampling moment is the initial sampling moment, a preset initial value can be used as the second real-time enthalpy value.

[0076] Step S2024: Determine the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the difference between the first real-time specific enthalpy value and the second real-time specific enthalpy value.

[0077] Specifically, the first and second real-time specific enthalpy values ​​are used as input variables, and the difference is calculated using the backward difference method to obtain the real-time specific enthalpy gradient. This real-time specific enthalpy gradient can be specifically expressed as:

[0078] in, Indicates the real-time specific enthalpy gradient; Indicates the first The first real-time specific enthalpy value at each discrete sampling time; Indicates the first The second real-time specific enthalpy value at each discrete sampling time.

[0079] Step S203: Determine the narrow-point temperature difference weight based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat transfer nodes corresponding to the molten salt fluid. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S103 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0080] Step S204: Obtain the mass flow rate loss of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S104 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0081] Step S205: Based on the coupling result of narrow-point temperature difference weighting and mass flow rate loss, determine the allocated flow rate of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S105 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0082] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention determines the first estimated temperature and pressure corresponding to the steam node based on the first real-time temperature and pressure, respectively, thereby removing high-frequency noise and abnormal fluctuations in the original measurement signal. Based on the first estimated temperature and pressure, the first real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the current moment is determined, and the second real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the previous moment is obtained. The real-time specific enthalpy gradient is determined by the difference between the first and second real-time specific enthalpy values, which can accurately quantify the rate of change of the thermodynamic parameters of the steam node and avoid gradient calculation deviations caused by noise interference.

[0083] This embodiment provides a method for distributing molten salt flow, which can be used in electronic devices. These devices deploy a deep peak-shaving system for thermal power plants based on molten salt energy storage. This system is used to distribute the flow of molten salt fluid. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a molten salt flow distribution method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S301: Obtain the second real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the previous moment. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S101 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0084] Step S302: Determine the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S202 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0085] Step S303: Determine the narrow-point temperature difference weight based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat transfer nodes corresponding to the molten salt fluid. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S103 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0086] Step S304: Obtain the mass flow rate loss of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment.

[0087] Specifically, step S304 includes: Step S3041: Based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient, the first estimated temperature, and the first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node, determine the transient characteristics of the molten salt fluid.

[0088] Transient characteristics refer to a set of multidimensional information used to characterize the thermodynamic state of the steam side of a molten salt fluid under the current operating conditions.

[0089] Specifically, the first The real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first estimated temperature, and first estimated pressure corresponding to all steam nodes at discrete sampling times are fused to obtain the transient characteristics of the molten salt fluid. For example, using... This represents a transient feature, which can be specifically represented as:

[0090] Step S3042: Determine the real-time specific entropy based on the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure in the transient characteristics.

[0091] Real-time entropy refers to the first The specific entropy value of the steam node at each discrete sampling time point, under the first estimated temperature and first estimated pressure. Specific entropy is a state parameter characterizing the degree of disorder or energy quality of matter, used to reflect the entropy carried per unit mass of fluid.

[0092] Specifically, the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure are used as input variables, and the real-time specific entropy is obtained by using the mapping function of the Gibbs free energy equation in the water vapor thermodynamic property benchmark equation (IAPWS-IF97).

[0093] In a specific example, the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure are first converted into dimensionless variables:

[0094]

[0095] in, and This indicates a specific reference value for the corresponding region.

[0096] Based on the dimensionless variables of pressure and temperature, the region to which the steam node belongs in the phase diagram of water and water vapor is determined. Then, the dimensionless equation for the Gibbs free energy of the corresponding region is called to obtain the real-time specific entropy.

[0097] Step S3043: Obtain the first molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt inlet temperature of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node at the current moment.

[0098] The first molten salt inlet temperature refers to the temperature of the molten salt fluid before it enters a certain heat exchange node at the current moment.

[0099] The first molten salt outlet temperature refers to the temperature of the molten salt fluid after it flows out of a certain heat exchange node at the current moment.

[0100] Specifically, based on the number index of the heat exchange node, a read request can be initiated to the DCS via a standard industrial communication protocol to obtain the measured values ​​of the temperature sensors installed at the molten salt inlet and molten salt outlet pipes of the heat exchange equipment, thereby obtaining the first molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt inlet temperature.

[0101] Step S3044: Couple the real-time specific entropy, real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first molten salt outlet temperature and first molten salt inlet temperature to obtain the mass flow rate loss.

[0102] Based on real-time specific entropy, real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first molten salt outlet temperature, and first molten salt inlet temperature, the effective energy release on the steam side and the effective energy absorption on the molten salt side are obtained, respectively. The energy transfer relationships during heat exchange on both sides are jointly processed to calculate the effective energy loss due to irreversible factors during the heat exchange process, thus obtaining the mass flow rate loss.

[0103] In some optional implementations, step S3044 above includes: Step a1: Obtain the real-time mass flow rate of steam and the real-time mass flow rate of molten salt corresponding to the molten salt fluid.

[0104] Based on the steam-side opening command and molten salt-side opening command corresponding to the heat exchange node, the opening command is mapped to the actual amount of steam and molten salt flowing through the heat exchange node at the current moment using the flow characteristic mapping relationship, thereby determining the real-time steam mass flow rate and the real-time molten salt mass flow rate.

[0105] In a specific example, the real-time mass flow rate of steam can be determined by mapping the equal percentage flow characteristics on the steam side. Small openings result in gradual changes in the standard flow rate, while large openings indicate sensitive flow rate changes. Specifically, this can be expressed as:

[0106] in, This indicates the real-time mass flow rate of steam. This indicates the rated maximum mass flow rate of the steam side under fully open conditions; Indicates the inherent adjustable ratio; This indicates the steam-side opening command after normalization.

[0107] On the molten salt side, linear characteristics can be used to map and determine the real-time mass flow rate of the molten salt. The flow rate is directly proportional to the opening degree, which can be specifically expressed as:

[0108] in, This indicates the real-time mass flow rate of molten salt; This indicates the maximum mass flow rate of the molten salt side at the rated maximum speed; This indicates the opening command on the molten salt side after normalization.

[0109] Based on the normalized steam-side opening command and the normalized opening command on the molten salt side. , thus obtaining the decision vector in, .

[0110] Step a2: Based on the coupling results of real-time steam mass flow rate, real-time specific entropy, and real-time specific enthalpy gradient, determine the first mass loss.

[0111] The first mass loss refers to the total amount of effective energy released by the steam side during the process of flowing through the heat exchanger.

[0112] Specifically, firstly, the real-time specific entropy of the steam inlet is compared with the real-time specific entropy of the steam outlet to obtain the change in specific entropy of the steam during the heat exchange process; then, the real-time specific enthalpy gradient of the steam inlet is compared with the real-time specific enthalpy gradient of the steam outlet to obtain the change in specific enthalpy of the steam during the heat exchange process; finally, the real-time mass flow rate of the steam, the change in specific entropy, and the change in specific enthalpy are jointly processed to obtain the effective energy release on the steam side, and the first mass loss is determined.

[0113] Among them, the change in specific entropy characterizes the degree of loss of steam energy quality; the change in specific enthalpy characterizes the degree of loss of steam energy quantity.

[0114] For example, the first mass loss can be expressed as:

[0115] in, Indicates the first mass loss; This represents the change in specific entropy; This represents the ambient reference temperature (usually a constant of 298.15 K). This indicates the change in specific enthalpy.

[0116] Step a3: Based on the coupling results of the real-time mass flow rate of molten salt, the outlet temperature of the first molten salt, and the inlet temperature of the first molten salt, determine the second mass loss.

[0117] The second mass loss refers to the total effective energy absorbed by the molten salt side during its flow through the heat exchanger.

[0118] The effective energy correction term characterizes the energy quality loss of molten salt during the endothermic heating process.

[0119] Specifically, firstly, based on the difference between the first molten salt inlet temperature and the first molten salt outlet temperature, the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the molten salt during the heat exchange process is obtained; then, a logarithmic operation is performed on the first molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt inlet temperature to obtain the effective energy correction term; finally, the real-time mass flow rate of the molten salt, the temperature rise, and the effective energy correction term are jointly processed to obtain the effective energy absorption on the molten salt side, thus determining the second mass loss. This second mass loss can be specifically expressed as:

[0120] in, Indicates the second mass loss; This indicates the constant-pressure specific heat capacity of molten salt; Indicates the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet; Indicates the temperature at the outlet of the first molten salt; Indicates the inlet temperature of the first molten salt; Indicates the effective energy correction term; It represents logarithmic operations.

[0121] Step a4: Determine the mass flow loss based on the difference between the first mass loss and the second mass loss.

[0122] The mass flow rate loss is obtained by calculating the difference between the first mass loss and the second mass loss. Specifically, the mass flow rate loss can be determined as follows:

[0123] in, This indicates mass flow rate loss.

[0124] In the above embodiments, by acquiring the real-time steam mass flow rate and the real-time molten salt mass flow rate corresponding to the molten salt fluid, and determining the first mass loss based on the coupling result of the real-time steam mass flow rate, real-time specific entropy, and real-time specific enthalpy gradient, the effective energy release of the steam node during the heat exchange process can be quantified. The second mass loss is determined based on the coupling result of the real-time molten salt mass flow rate, the first molten salt outlet temperature, and the first molten salt inlet temperature, allowing the effective energy absorption of the molten salt during the heat exchange process to be quantified using the temperature difference and mass flow rate on the molten salt side. Finally, the mass flow rate loss is determined based on the difference between the first and second mass losses, making the mass flow rate loss more closely reflect the actual effective energy loss during the heat exchange process and avoiding the result deviation caused by a single parameter.

[0125] Step S305: Based on the coupling result of narrow-point temperature difference weighting and mass flow rate loss, determine the allocated flow rate of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S105 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0126] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention determines the transient characteristics of the molten salt fluid based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first estimated temperature, and first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node, thus comprehensively capturing the multi-dimensional thermodynamic information of the steam node. The real-time specific entropy is determined based on the first estimated temperature and first estimated pressure in the transient characteristics, avoiding interference from noise in the original measurement signal on the real-time specific entropy calculation results. The first molten salt outlet temperature and first molten salt inlet temperature at the heat exchange node are obtained at the current moment, and the mass flow loss is obtained by coupling the real-time specific entropy, real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first molten salt outlet temperature, and first molten salt inlet temperature. This makes the mass flow loss more closely reflect the effective energy loss in the actual heat exchange process, avoiding the result deviation caused by a single parameter.

[0127] This embodiment provides a method for distributing molten salt flow, which can be used in electronic devices. These devices deploy a deep peak-shaving system for thermal power plants based on molten salt energy storage. This system is used to distribute the flow of molten salt fluid. Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a molten salt flow distribution method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S401: Obtain the second real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the previous moment. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S101 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0128] Step S402: Determine the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S202 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0129] Step S403: Determine the narrow-point temperature difference weight based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat transfer nodes corresponding to the molten salt fluid. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S103 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0130] Step S404: Obtain the mass flow rate loss of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 Step S304 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0131] Step S405: Based on the coupling result of narrow-point temperature difference weight and mass flow loss, determine the distributed flow rate of molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment.

[0132] Specifically, step S405 includes: Step S4051: Obtain the real-time narrow point temperature difference corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the opening degree of each molten salt adjustment.

[0133] Real-time narrow-point temperature difference refers to the minimum temperature difference between the steam side temperature and the molten salt side temperature distributed along the heat exchange surface at a certain heat exchange node at the current sampling time.

[0134] The molten salt adjustment opening degree at each level refers to the molten salt side opening degree command corresponding to the heat exchange node, and is represented as a normalized continuous variable. The value range is [0,1], corresponding to the continuous opening degree state from fully closed to fully open.

[0135] Specifically, the current temperature data can be obtained based on the heat exchange equipment design model or distributed parameter model, and the real-time narrow point temperature difference of each heat exchange node can be calculated based on the obtained temperature data; then, a read request is sent to the DCS through the standard industrial communication protocol to obtain the molten salt side opening command at the current moment, and the molten salt adjustment opening at each level is obtained.

[0136] Step S4052: Couple the narrow point temperature difference weight, real-time narrow point temperature difference, and mass flow loss to determine the initial loss information.

[0137] Specifically, firstly, a narrow point temperature difference penalty term is obtained based on the product of the real-time narrow point temperature difference and the narrow point temperature difference weight; then, the narrow point temperature difference penalty term is fused with the mass flow loss to obtain the loss corresponding to each heat exchange node; finally, the losses corresponding to each heat exchange node are added together to obtain the initial loss information.

[0138] In a specific example, the narrow-point temperature difference weights are first determined based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient:

[0139] in, Indicates the weight of the narrow point temperature difference; Indicates the basic penalty factor; Indicates the sliding pressure gradient amplification factor; Represents the absolute value of the real-time specific enthalpy gradient; This indicates exponentiation.

[0140] Then, based on the product of the real-time narrow-point temperature difference and the narrow-point temperature difference weight, the narrow-point temperature difference penalty term is obtained:

[0141] in, This indicates a penalty for temperature difference at narrow points; Indicates the temperature difference sensitivity coefficient; This indicates the real-time narrow point temperature difference.

[0142] Finally, based on the real-time narrow-point temperature difference and mass flow rate loss, the initial loss information is obtained:

[0143] in, This indicates the initial loss information.

[0144] Step S4053: Based on the optimization space corresponding to the opening degree of each molten salt, the initial loss information is optimized to obtain the target loss information.

[0145] The optimization space refers to the range of feasible values ​​for the molten salt side opening command. For example, the optimization space can be constructed by combining physical boundary constraints with CBF (Control Barrier Function) safety constraints. CBF safety constraints include anti-crystallization temperature constraints and thermal stress resistance constraints. Anti-crystallization temperature constraints ensure that the molten salt outlet temperature is always above the crystallization point with a safety margin; thermal stress resistance constraints ensure that the change in molten salt outlet temperature per unit time does not exceed the maximum allowable temperature change rate.

[0146] Specifically, under the constraints of the optimization space corresponding to the opening degree of each molten salt, the interior point method is used to solve the initial loss information by gradient descent. When the convergence condition is met, the iteration stops and the target loss information is obtained.

[0147] In some optional implementations, step S4053 includes: Step b1: Based on the input gain corresponding to the opening degree of each molten salt and the mass flow rate of the molten salt fluid at the current moment, determine the second molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node of the molten salt fluid at the next moment.

[0148] Input gain refers to the effect of changes in the opening degree of each stage of the molten salt side on the molten salt outlet temperature. For example, when the opening degree of the molten salt side increases, the residence time of a unit mass of molten salt in the heat exchanger is shortened, resulting in insufficient heat absorption and a decrease in the molten salt outlet temperature. In this case, the input gain is negative.

[0149] Specifically, based on the input gain corresponding to the opening degree of each molten salt and the mass flow rate of the molten salt fluid at the current moment, the molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node at the next moment is estimated using a first-order discrete affine dynamics prediction model, thus obtaining the second molten salt outlet temperature.

[0150] In a specific example, the first-order discrete affine dynamics prediction model can be expressed as:

[0151] in, This represents the set of molten salt temperatures at the outlet of each stage of the heat exchanger; Indicates the first The heat exchange node at the first Predicted values ​​of molten salt outlet temperature at discrete time points; Represents the natural thermodynamic drift term; This represents the control input gain matrix.

[0152] Based on the Euler discretized energy conservation law for heat exchangers, the natural thermodynamic drift term is obtained. :

[0153] in, The discrete sampling period; The overall heat dissipation coefficient of the heat exchanger to the environment; The ambient temperature; The equivalent mass of the metal tube wall of the heat exchanger; This represents the specific heat capacity of the heat exchanger metal.

[0154] Input gain based on steam side opening command Input gain of molten salt side opening command Determine the control input gain matrix :

[0155]

[0156] Step b2: Determine the first constraint based on the difference between the second molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node.

[0157] Specifically, based on the anti-crystallization boundary function, the outlet temperatures of the second and first molten salts are used as input variables to obtain the anti-crystallization boundary function values ​​at the current and next times. Then, the CBF discrete control barrier function is used to perform inequality mapping to determine the first constraint.

[0158] In a specific example, firstly, based on the anti-crystallization boundary function, the second molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt outlet temperature are used as input variables to obtain the anti-crystallization boundary function value at the current moment. And the corresponding anti-crystallization boundary function value at the next moment. :

[0159]

[0160] in, Indicates the preset physical crystallization point of the molten salt; Indicates the safety margin against crystallization; Indicates the temperature at the outlet of the first molten salt; This indicates the outlet temperature of the second molten salt.

[0161] Then, using the CBF discrete control barrier function to perform inequality mapping, the inequality expression is obtained as follows:

[0162] in, This represents the K-level approximation coefficients.

[0163] Finally, by combining the above inequalities with the first-order discrete affine dynamics prediction model, the first constraint is determined:

[0164] in, This represents the anti-crystallization boundary function value at the current moment relative to the state vector. The gradient vector; This represents the transpose of a vector.

[0165] Step b3: Determine the second constraint based on the difference between the first molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node and the third molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node at the previous moment.

[0166] Specifically, based on the thermal stress boundary function, the outlet temperatures of the third and first molten salts are used as input variables to obtain the thermal stress boundary function value at the current moment. Then, based on the thermal stress boundary function value, the second constraint is determined.

[0167] In a specific example, firstly, based on the thermal stress boundary function, the third molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt outlet temperature are used as input variables to obtain the thermal stress boundary function value at the current moment. :

[0168] in, Indicates the maximum temperature change rate; This indicates the outlet temperature of the third molten salt.

[0169] Then, the thermal stress boundary function values ​​are combined with the first-order discrete affine dynamics prediction model to determine the second constraint:

[0170] in, This represents the thermal stress boundary value at the current moment relative to the state vector. The gradient vector; This represents the K-level approximation coefficients.

[0171] Step b4: Determine the third constraint based on the difference between the initial loss information and the preset convergence threshold.

[0172] Step b5: Based on the first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint, the initial loss information is optimized to obtain the target loss information.

[0173] Based on the difference between the gradient norm corresponding to the initial loss information and the preset convergence threshold, the third constraint is determined, which can be specifically expressed as:

[0174] in, This represents the gradient norm corresponding to the initial loss information; This indicates the preset convergence threshold.

[0175] Specifically, the first, second, and third constraints are integrated to obtain the optimization space. Within this space, the interior-point method is used to solve for the initial loss information using gradient descent within the feasible region. In each iteration, the current solution is guaranteed to satisfy the first and second constraints. If the current solution violates the constraints, it is pulled back into the feasible region using the barrier function or projection operation of the interior-point method. After each iteration, the satisfaction of the third constraint is verified. If satisfied, the iteration stops; otherwise, the optimization process continues.

[0176] In the above embodiments, by determining the second molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node at the next moment based on the input gain corresponding to the opening degree of each molten salt and the mass flow rate of the molten salt fluid at the current moment, the dynamic changes in the operating conditions of the subsequent heat exchange node can be predicted in advance. The first constraint, determined based on the difference between the second molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node, ensures that the molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node always remains within a safe range. The second constraint, determined based on the difference between the first molten salt outlet temperature and the third molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node at the previous moment, effectively limits the variation range of the molten salt outlet temperature, preventing sudden changes in flow rate that could lead to excessive thermal stress. The third constraint, determined based on the difference between the initial loss information and the preset convergence threshold, ensures that the optimization process converges to a feasible optimal solution. Finally, based on the optimization space constituted by the first, second, and third constraints, the initial loss information is optimized to obtain the target loss information, enabling the target loss information to achieve the optimal initial loss information while ensuring heat exchange safety.

[0177] Step 4054: Based on the target loss information, determine the distribution flow rate of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment.

[0178] Based on the opening command of the optimal decision vector corresponding to the target loss information, the linear flow characteristic mapping function of the molten salt side is used for mapping to determine the allocated flow of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current time.

[0179] In a specific example, the linear characteristics of the molten salt side are used to map and determine the flow allocation of each node at the current time for the optimal opening command, which can be expressed as:

[0180] in, This indicates the flow allocation to each node at the current moment according to the optimal opening command; This indicates the maximum mass flow rate of the molten salt side at the rated maximum speed; This indicates the optimal opening degree instruction for each node.

[0181] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention obtains the real-time narrow-point temperature difference corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the opening degree of each molten salt regulation level, and couples the narrow-point temperature difference weight, real-time narrow-point temperature difference, and mass flow loss to determine the initial loss information. This method can simultaneously quantify the mass flow loss of the heat exchange node and the safety boundary of the narrow-point temperature difference. Based on the optimization space corresponding to each molten salt regulation opening degree, the initial loss information is optimized to obtain the target loss information, which can achieve the operating condition with the lowest initial loss information within the opening range. Finally, the flow distribution is determined based on the target loss information, so that the flow distribution result not only minimizes the initial loss information but also avoids the narrow-point temperature difference within the heat exchange node deviating from the optimal baseline operating condition.

[0182] In some optional implementations, the above method further includes: Step c1: Obtain the regulating component corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the mechanical travel parameters corresponding to the regulating component.

[0183] A regulating component refers to a physical device responsible for regulating flow rate. For example, a regulating component includes a molten salt regulating valve and a molten salt variable frequency pump. The molten salt regulating valve regulates the molten salt flow rate by changing the valve opening; the molten salt variable frequency pump regulates the molten salt flow rate by changing its rotational speed.

[0184] Mechanical operating parameters refer to the set of parameters that adjust the physical motion characteristics of components. For example, mechanical operating parameters include the inherent mechanical dead time and maximum mechanical travel speed of the hardware.

[0185] Among them, the inherent mechanical dead time of hardware refers to the delay time between the issuance of a signal and the start of execution to produce actual displacement, which is usually caused by factors such as mechanical backlash and electrical response delay.

[0186] Specifically, the corresponding molten salt side regulating component is determined by the index of each heat exchange node; a read request is sent to the DCS via the standard industrial communication protocol to obtain the mechanical travel parameters measured during the installation and commissioning phase.

[0187] Step c2: Determine the sliding pressure drop rate corresponding to the steam node based on the difference between the first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node and the second estimated pressure of the steam node at the previous moment.

[0188] The sliding pressure descent rate refers to the change in steam node pressure per unit time. A larger absolute value of the sliding pressure descent rate indicates a more drastic change in the current operating condition, which can be specifically expressed as:

[0189] in, This indicates the rate of decrease in sliding pressure.

[0190] Step c3: Determine the target opening degree of the molten salt fluid based on the allocated flow rate.

[0191] Step c4: Based on the target opening, the sliding pressure descent rate, and the mechanical travel parameters, determine the adjustment lead of the adjustment component.

[0192] Step c5: Drive the operation of the adjustment component based on the trigger time generated by the adjustment lead.

[0193] Adjusting the lead time is the amount of time required to advance the start of action by the target time so that the actuator can reach the target opening position on time at the global synchronization target time.

[0194] Among them, the global synchronization target time refers to the unified time agreed upon by all executing agencies to reach their respective target opening degree.

[0195] Trigger time refers to the absolute moment when the control command is actually received and the action begins.

[0196] Specifically, the target opening of the molten salt fluid is determined by inverse mapping of the allocated flow rate. Then, based on the target opening and mechanical travel parameters, the mechanical travel time is determined; based on the sliding pressure descent rate, the sliding pressure feedforward compensation is determined; the mechanical travel time, sliding pressure feedforward compensation, and mechanical travel parameters are fused to obtain the adjustment advance. The trigger time is determined based on the adjustment advance; then, the trigger time and the target opening are encapsulated, and the encapsulated data tuple is written into the DCS priority time execution queue. The clock microprocessor continuously compares the current time with the trigger time in the data tuple, and when the execution conditions are met, a control signal is output to the servo driver to drive the operation of the adjustment component.

[0197] In a specific example, the mechanical travel time is determined based on the inherent mechanical dead time, maximum mechanical travel speed, and target opening in the mechanical travel parameters. :

[0198] in, Indicates the inherent mechanical dead time; Indicates the maximum mechanical travel speed; Indicates the target opening degree; This indicates the actual feedback opening degree.

[0199] Based on the sliding pressure descent rate Determine the sliding pressure feedforward compensation amount :

[0200] in, This represents the feedforward compensation coefficient for the sliding compression rate.

[0201] mechanical travel time With sliding pressure feedforward compensation To determine the adjustment lead time, the following steps are performed:

[0202] Determine the trigger time based on adjusting the lead time. :

[0203] in, Indicates the first The global synchronization target time for each discrete sampling time.

[0204] Then, the trigger time and the target opening are encapsulated to obtain... It is written into the execution queue of the DCS, and the current time is set by the clock microprocessor. With the trigger time in the data tuple Continuous comparison will be performed until the conditions are met. At that time, it outputs control signals to the servo driver to drive the operation of the adjustment component.

[0205] The molten salt flow distribution method provided in this invention obtains the regulating component corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the mechanical travel parameters corresponding to the regulating component. Then, based on the difference between the first estimated pressure and the second estimated pressure at the previous moment, it determines the sliding pressure drop rate corresponding to the steam node, thereby quantifying the degree of pressure change under the current operating condition. The target opening degree of the molten salt fluid is determined based on the distributed flow rate, realizing the transformation and mapping of optimization decision results into execution commands. The adjustment lead of the regulating component is determined based on the target opening degree, the sliding pressure drop rate, and the mechanical travel parameters, calibrating the triggering timing of the execution actions of each actuator.

[0206] This embodiment also provides a molten salt flow distribution device for implementing the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, hardware implementations, or a combination of software and hardware, are also possible and contemplated.

[0207] This embodiment provides a molten salt flow distribution device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes: The node acquisition module 501 is used to acquire the steam node corresponding to the molten salt fluid at the current moment.

[0208] The specific enthalpy determination module 502 is used to determine the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node.

[0209] The weight determination module 503 is used to determine the narrow point temperature difference weight based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat exchange nodes corresponding to the molten salt fluid.

[0210] The loss acquisition module 504 is used to acquire the mass flow rate loss of molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment.

[0211] The flow determination module 505 is used to determine the allocated flow rate of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment based on the coupling result of the narrow point temperature difference weight and mass flow rate loss.

[0212] In some alternative implementations, the specific enthalpy determination module 502 includes: The first estimation unit is used to determine the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node.

[0213] The first specific enthalpy determination unit is used to determine the first real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the current moment based on the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure.

[0214] The second specific enthalpy acquisition unit is used to acquire the second real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the previous moment.

[0215] The specific enthalpy gradient determination unit is used to determine the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the difference between the first real-time specific enthalpy value and the second real-time specific enthalpy value.

[0216] In some alternative implementations, the loss acquisition module 504 includes: The transient characteristic determination unit is used to determine the transient characteristics of the molten salt fluid based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient, the first estimated temperature, and the first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node.

[0217] The real-time specific entropy determination unit is used to determine the real-time specific entropy based on the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure in the transient characteristics.

[0218] The molten salt temperature acquisition unit is used to acquire the first molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt inlet temperature of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node at the current moment.

[0219] The loss determination unit is used to couple the real-time specific entropy, real-time specific enthalpy gradient, first molten salt outlet temperature and first molten salt inlet temperature to obtain the mass flow rate loss.

[0220] In some optional implementations, the loss determination unit includes: The flow acquisition subunit is used to acquire the real-time mass flow rate of steam and the real-time mass flow rate of molten salt fluid.

[0221] The first loss sub-unit is used to determine the first mass loss based on the coupling result of real-time steam mass flow rate, real-time specific entropy, and real-time specific enthalpy gradient.

[0222] The second loss subunit is used to determine the second mass loss based on the coupling result of the real-time mass flow rate of molten salt, the outlet temperature of molten salt, and the inlet temperature of molten salt.

[0223] The mass flow rate subunit is used to determine the mass flow rate loss based on the difference between the first mass loss and the second mass loss.

[0224] In some alternative implementations, the flow determination module 505 includes: The opening degree acquisition unit is used to acquire the real-time narrow point temperature difference corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the opening degree of each stage of molten salt regulation.

[0225] The initial loss determination unit is used to couple the narrow point temperature difference weight, the real-time narrow point temperature difference, and the mass flow rate loss to determine the initial loss information.

[0226] The target loss determination unit is used to optimize the initial loss information based on the optimization space corresponding to the molten salt adjustment opening at each level, so as to obtain the target loss information.

[0227] The flow distribution unit is used to determine the flow distribution of molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment based on the target loss information.

[0228] In some optional implementations, the target loss determination unit includes: The temperature determination subunit is used to determine the second molten salt outlet temperature of the molten salt fluid heat exchange node at the next moment, based on the input gain corresponding to the opening degree of each molten salt and the mass flow rate of the molten salt fluid at the current moment.

[0229] The first constraint sub-unit is used to determine the first constraint based on the difference between the second molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node.

[0230] The second constraint sub-unit is used to determine the second constraint based on the difference between the first molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node and the third molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node at the previous moment.

[0231] The third constraint subunit is used to determine the third constraint based on the difference between the initial loss information and the preset convergence threshold.

[0232] The loss information determination subunit is used to optimize the initial loss information based on the first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint to obtain the target loss information.

[0233] In some optional implementations, the target loss determination unit includes: The parameter acquisition subunit is used to acquire the regulating components corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the mechanical travel parameters corresponding to the regulating components.

[0234] The rate determination subunit is used to determine the sliding pressure drop rate of the steam node based on the difference between the first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node and the second estimated pressure of the steam node at the previous moment.

[0235] The target opening determination subunit is used to determine the target opening of the molten salt fluid based on the allocated flow rate.

[0236] The lead time determination subunit is used to determine the adjustment lead time of the adjustment component based on the target opening, the sliding pressure descent rate, and the mechanical travel parameters.

[0237] The run-drive subunit is used to drive the operation of the adjustment component based on the trigger time generated by the adjustment lead.

[0238] The molten salt flow distribution device provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the molten salt flow distribution method provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0239] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0240] The following is a detailed reference. Figure 6 This diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing an electronic device according to embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 602 or a program loaded from memory 608 into random access memory (RAM) 603. RAM 603 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 601, ROM 602, and RAM 603 are interconnected via bus 604. Input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to bus 604.

[0241] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 605: input devices 606 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 607 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; memory devices 608 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 609. Communication device 609 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 6Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown, and more or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0242] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 609, or installed from a memory 608, or installed from a ROM 602. When the computer program is executed by the processor 601, it performs the functions defined in the molten salt flow distribution method of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0243] Figure 6 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0244] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the molten salt flow distribution method shown in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0245] A portion of this invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to the invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0246] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for distributing molten salt flow rate, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the steam node corresponding to the molten salt fluid at the current moment; The real-time specific enthalpy gradient is determined based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node. Based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat exchange nodes corresponding to the molten salt fluid, the narrow point temperature difference weight is determined. Obtain the mass flow rate loss of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment; Based on the coupling result of the narrow-point temperature difference weight and the mass flow rate loss, the allocated flow rate of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current moment is determined.

2. The method for distributing molten salt flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node includes: Based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node, the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node are determined respectively. Based on the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure, determine the first real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the current moment; Obtain the second real-time specific enthalpy value of the steam node at the previous moment; The real-time specific enthalpy gradient is determined based on the difference between the first real-time specific enthalpy value and the second real-time specific enthalpy value.

3. The method for distributing molten salt flow rate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the mass flow rate loss of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment includes: Based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient corresponding to the steam node, the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure, the transient characteristics of the molten salt fluid are determined. Based on the first estimated temperature and the first estimated pressure in the transient characteristics, the real-time specific entropy is determined; Obtain the first molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt inlet temperature of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node at the current moment; The mass flow rate loss is obtained by coupling the real-time specific entropy, the real-time specific enthalpy gradient, the first molten salt outlet temperature, and the first molten salt inlet temperature.

4. The method for distributing molten salt flow rate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coupling of the real-time specific entropy, the real-time specific enthalpy gradient, the first molten salt outlet temperature, and the first molten salt inlet temperature to obtain the mass flow rate loss includes: Obtain the real-time mass flow rate of steam and the real-time mass flow rate of molten salt corresponding to the molten salt fluid; Based on the coupling result of the real-time steam mass flow rate, the real-time specific entropy, and the real-time specific enthalpy gradient, the first mass loss is determined; The second mass loss is determined based on the coupling result of the real-time mass flow rate of the molten salt, the outlet temperature of the first molten salt, and the inlet temperature of the first molten salt. The mass flow loss is determined based on the difference between the first mass loss and the second mass loss.

5. The method for distributing molten salt flow rate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The determination of the molten salt fluid's allocated flow rate at the current moment and at each node, based on the coupling result of the narrow-point temperature difference weight and the mass flow rate loss, includes: The real-time narrow-point temperature difference and the opening degree of each molten salt adjustment corresponding to the molten salt fluid are obtained; The initial loss information is determined by coupling the narrow point temperature difference weight, the real-time narrow point temperature difference, and the mass flow rate loss. Based on the optimization space corresponding to the molten salt adjustment opening at each level, the initial loss information is optimized to obtain the target loss information; Based on the target loss information, the distribution flow rate of the molten salt fluid at each node at the current time is determined.

6. The method for distributing molten salt flow rate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The optimization process based on the optimization space corresponding to the molten salt adjustment opening at each level, performing optimization processing on the initial loss information to obtain the target loss information includes: Based on the input gain corresponding to the molten salt regulation opening at each level and the mass flow rate of the molten salt fluid at the current moment, the second molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node of the molten salt fluid at the next moment is determined; The first constraint is determined based on the difference between the second molten salt outlet temperature and the first molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node. The second constraint is determined based on the difference between the first molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node and the third molten salt outlet temperature of the heat exchange node at the previous moment. The third constraint is determined based on the difference between the initial loss information and the preset convergence threshold; Based on the first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint, the initial loss information is optimized to obtain the target loss information; The optimization space includes the first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint.

7. The method for distributing molten salt flow rate according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain the regulating component corresponding to the molten salt fluid and the mechanical travel parameters corresponding to the regulating component; Based on the difference between the first estimated pressure corresponding to the steam node and the second estimated pressure of the steam node at the previous moment, the sliding pressure drop rate corresponding to the steam node is determined. Based on the allocated flow rate, the target opening degree of the molten salt fluid is determined; Based on the target opening, the sliding pressure descent rate, and the mechanical travel parameters, the adjustment lead of the adjustment component is determined; The operation of the adjustment component is driven based on the trigger time generated by the adjustment advance.

8. A molten salt flow distribution device, characterized in that, The device includes: The node acquisition module is used to acquire the steam node corresponding to the molten salt fluid at the current moment; The specific enthalpy determination module is used to determine the real-time specific enthalpy gradient based on the first real-time temperature and the first real-time pressure corresponding to the steam node; The weight determination module is used to determine the narrow point temperature difference weight based on the real-time specific enthalpy gradient and the heat exchange node corresponding to the molten salt fluid. The loss acquisition module is used to acquire the mass flow rate loss of the molten salt fluid at the heat exchange node and at the current moment; The flow rate determination module is used to determine the allocated flow rate of the molten salt fluid at the current time and at each node based on the coupling result of the narrow point temperature difference weight and the mass flow rate loss.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor are communicatively connected, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the molten salt flow distribution method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the molten salt flow distribution method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images