A complex river junction water quality and quantity regulation system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of environmental protection and water body restoration, in particular to a complex river intersection water quality and quantity regulation system and method, comprising a main river channel, a gate control system, a monitoring system, a tributary purification system and a judgment system; the main river channel comprises a main river channel body; the gate control system comprises a plurality of tributary river channel gates which receive instructions from the judgment system to complete full opening, partial opening and closing actions; the monitoring system comprises a plurality of water quality monitoring devices, water quantity monitoring devices and liquid level meters, and the monitoring system transmits real-time data of collected water quality, water quantity and liquid level to the judgment system. The present application takes water quality standard compliance and water level regulation of the monitoring section as the core, dynamically monitors the river water condition in real time through the detection system and the liquid level meter, and reasonably determines the opening and closing of the gates and pump stations through the intelligent control system, so as to timely, accurately and effectively ensure the stable standard compliance of the water quality monitoring section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of environmental protection and water body restoration technology, specifically to a system and method for regulating the water quality and quantity at the confluence of complex rivers. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization has brought new pressure to the optimization and regulation of water quality and quantity at the water environment monitoring sections of river confluences. The industry urgently needs a scientific, effective and accurate measure to dynamically regulate the water quality and water level at the monitoring sections of river confluences to ensure stable compliance with standards.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent application number CN201110151375.4 provides a series-connected method for improving river water quality and regulating water resources. The specific process includes: establishing a water regulation system, which includes a rubber dam or masonry low dam constructed in the river and reservoirs constructed on both sides of the river; excavating the reservoirs outside the river where the rubber dams are built; establishing a water quality protection system around the reservoirs; establishing a series-connected artificial wetland in the river; establishing a water quality improvement system on both sides of the river; and establishing an online monitoring and automatic control system. This method uses comprehensive treatment techniques to construct a series-connected water purification system in the river, but it does not monitor the river water quality in real time and cannot take real-time, accurate, and effective treatment measures for substandard water quality.

[0004] Chinese patent application CN202411752485.X discloses an intelligent interactive river management consultation and management system and method. The method includes: deploying a multi-layered water quality monitoring probe array at pre-set monitoring points in the river; dynamically monitoring the river water quality using an adaptive sampling frequency method through the multi-layered water quality monitoring probe array to obtain multi-layered raw water quality data, including surface probe data, mid-layer probe data, and bottom probe data; performing gas-liquid interface disturbance analysis on the surface probe data to obtain gas-liquid influence data; performing water mixing degree analysis on the mid-layer probe data to obtain vertical mixing data; and performing sediment resuspension analysis on the bottom probe data to obtain sediment release intensity data. This invention, by deploying a multi-layered water quality monitoring probe array combined with adaptive sampling frequency technology, can accurately capture the vertical distribution and dynamic changes of river water quality, improving monitoring timeliness and accuracy. However, this method does not address measures for treating substandard water quality.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN202411537285.2 discloses a water pollution prevention and control system and method for rivers flowing into the sea. This method utilizes multi-source data collection, taking the river-estuary-bay continuum as the survey object, to achieve comprehensive and accurate source tracing and remediation of its condition. It employs remote sensing satellites, drones, and surveying to collect comprehensive data on the river-estuary-bay system, constructing a three-dimensional hydrological model to lay the foundation for subsequent analysis. Through continuous tracking and monitoring of the river-estuary-bay hydrology and water quality, combined with the three-dimensional hydrological model, a source tracing model for specific pollution scenarios is constructed, enabling precise source tracing and providing a basis for targeted remediation. Based on the source tracing model, a prevention and control design is implemented using prevention and control modes and flow-velocity change curves, resulting in a river-estuary-bay system remediation model. This effectively protects the ecology of rivers flowing into the sea and provides support for decision-making. However, this method does not address measures for treating water pollution sources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system and method for regulating the water quality and quantity at the confluence of complex rivers, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system includes a main channel, a gate control system, a monitoring system, a tributary purification system, and a judgment system;

[0009] The main channel includes the main channel body;

[0010] The gate control system includes multiple tributary river gates, which receive instructions from the judgment system to complete full opening, partial opening, and closing actions.

[0011] The monitoring system includes multiple sets of water quality monitoring devices, water quantity monitoring devices, and level gauges. The monitoring system transmits the collected water quality, water quantity, and level data to the judgment system in real time.

[0012] The tributary purification system includes multiple tributary rivers and wetland tributary purification systems, and the wetland tributary purification system has an effluent return purification channel.

[0013] The judgment system is a communication connection between the monitoring system and the gate control system. It is used to receive monitoring data, perform pollutant concentration calculation, water environment capacity calculation, gate control section design flow rate calculation, and output gate control commands according to preset operating conditions.

[0014] Preferably, the multiple tributary channel gates are designated as a first gate, a second gate, a third gate, a fourth gate, a fifth gate, and a sixth gate. The first gate is located at the inlet of the second tributary channel, the second gate is located at the inlet of the third tributary channel, and the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth gates are all located at the outlet of the wetland tributary purification system.

[0015] Preferably, the multiple sets of water quality monitoring devices are respectively a first water quality monitoring device, a second water quality monitoring device, and a third water quality monitoring device, with the first water quality monitoring device, the first water quantity monitoring device, and the first level gauge installed at the water inlet of the second tributary.

[0016] The multiple sets of water quantity monitoring devices, namely a first water quantity monitoring device, a second water quantity monitoring device, a third water quantity monitoring device, a second water quality monitoring device, a second water quantity monitoring device, and a second level gauge, are installed at the water inlet of the third tributary.

[0017] The multiple sets of level gauges are respectively a first level gauge, a second level gauge, and a third level gauge. The third water quality monitoring device and the third water quantity monitoring device are installed at the outlet of the wetland tributary purification system. The monitoring system transmits the collected water quality, water quantity, and level data to the judgment system in real time.

[0018] Preferably, the multiple tributary channels are designated as a first tributary channel, a second tributary channel, and a third tributary channel. The water from the upstream of the first tributary channel flows in three directions, which are respectively channeled through the second tributary channel, the third tributary channel, and the wetland tributary purification system before flowing into the main channel. The wetland tributary purification system has an effluent return purification channel, allowing the effluent to flow back to the second tributary channel or the first tributary channel for further purification.

[0019] Preferably, the judgment system executes three operating condition logics to control the gate control system to complete the scheduling:

[0020] Operating Condition 1: Water quality of the first tributary river channel: C i ≤C0 meets the control standard, the first gate, the second gate, and the third gate are all opened, and the water flows smoothly into the main channel;

[0021] Condition 2: Water quality does not meet requirements, but water level does.

[0022] (1) Water quality of tributary river inflow C0≤C i ≤1.2C0 does not meet the water quality standard, but does not exceed the standard by 20%. The water quality can be met by relying on the self-purification capacity of the subsequent second and third tributaries to meet the water quality requirements of the main channel. i ≥Q i ·α·β,q j ≥Q jWhen the water level meets the control requirements (α·β), the first and second gates of the second and third tributary channels are partially opened, and the flow rates are q, respectively. i q j As the water level rises, the water mainly flows into the main river channel through the wetland tributary purification system;

[0023] (2) Water quality of tributary rivers C i ≥1.2C0 does not meet the water quality standards and exceeds the standards by 20%. The self-purification capacity of subsequent second and third tributaries cannot be relied upon to meet the water quality requirements of the main channel. Furthermore, q i ≤Q i ·α·β,q j ≤Q j ·α·β, but the water level meets the control requirements. At this time, the first and second gates are closed, raising the water level of the first tributary. The water flows through the wetland tributary purification system for purification. When the effluent quality C of the wetland tributary purified channel is... i When C0 ≤ C meets the water quality requirements, the fourth gate opens, and the fifth and sixth gates close, allowing water to flow into the main channel. When the effluent water quality C0 ≤ C i When the water quality standard is ≤1.2C0, but does not exceed the standard by 20%, the sixth gate is opened, and the fourth and fifth gates are closed, allowing the water to flow into the second tributary for purification; the effluent water quality C i When the CO content ≥1.2 does not meet the water quality standard and exceeds the water quality requirement by 20%, the fifth gate is opened, the second and sixth gates are closed, and the water flows back into the first tributary for further purification.

[0024] Condition 3: If neither water quality nor water level meets the control requirements, water quantity will be the primary criterion for judgment.

[0025] (1) When the incoming water volume does not exceed 20% of the controlled water volume:

[0026] ① If the water quality exceeds the standard by ≤20%, the third gate will be opened, and the first and second gates will be partially opened;

[0027] ② If the water quality exceeds the standard by more than 20%, the water will preferentially enter the wetland tributary purification system; when q i ≥Q i ·α·β,q j ≥Q j When α·β, the first gate and the second gate are partially opened; the wetland water discharge is executed according to the water discharge branch logic of sub-item (2) of working condition 2;

[0028] (2) When the incoming water volume exceeds the controlled water volume by 20%, the first gate, the second gate and the third gate are all opened, and the water body flows directly into the main river channel.

[0029] Preferably, the flow coefficient α is set as follows: α = 0.20-0.25 during the wet season; α = 0.20-0.25 during the normal season; and α = 0.30-0.35 during the dry season.

[0030] The flow coefficient β is determined according to the proportion of inflow to controlled water volume: 20%-50%, β=0.5-0.75; 50%-80%, β=0.75-1.0; 80%-100%, β=1.0-1.1; 100%-120%, β=1.1-1.2.

[0031] Preferably, the judgment system calculates the design flow rate q of the gate control section. i q j It includes the following steps:

[0032] (1) Screening water quality data exceeding standards and using a river section pollutant attenuation model to calculate pollutant concentrations along the river:

[0033]

[0034] In the formula: C L The pollutant concentration after flowing through a distance L;

[0035] L is the longitudinal distance along the river section;

[0036] u is the average flow velocity of the river cross section under the design flow rate;

[0037] C S This refers to the concentration of pollutants in the upstream water.

[0038] (2) Calculate the water environment capacity of the second tributary cross section. :

[0039]

[0040] In the formula: W i For environmental capacity;

[0041] Q i This represents the average flow rate of the driest month over the past decade between the second tributary and the main channel, under a 90% guarantee rate.

[0042] q i The designed flow rate of water into the second tributary from the first tributary;

[0043] C0 is the water quality target;

[0044] u is the average flow velocity of the river section;

[0045] Y represents the overall degradation coefficient of pollutants, with a value ranging from 0.09 to 0.15d. -1 ;

[0046] (3) Calculate the existing pollutant content at the cross-sections of the second and third tributaries up to the main channel:

[0047] W i 2 =C k 2 (Q) i -q i )

[0048] W i 3 =C k 3 (Q) j -q j )

[0049] In the formula: q i The design flow rate for the section where the first tributary flows into the second tributary;

[0050] q j The design flow rate for the section where the first tributary flows into the second tributary;

[0051] Qi is the river flow rate between the second tributary and the main channel.

[0052] Q j The river flow rate between the third tributary and the main channel;

[0053] W i 2 The existing amount of pollutants between the second tributary and the main channel;

[0054] W i 3 The existing amount of pollutants between the third tributary and the main channel section;

[0055] C k 2 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the cross-sections of the first tributary and the second tributary;

[0056] C k 3 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the first tributary and the third tributary cross-sections.

[0057] (4) Calculate the content W of degradable pollutants between the second tributary, the third tributary and the main channel section. i 2 W i 3 ;

[0058] W i降2 =W i 2 ·Y

[0059] W i降 3 =W i 3 ·Y

[0060] W i降 2 The content of degradable pollutants between the second tributary and the main channel section;

[0061] W i降 3 The content of degradable pollutants between the third tributary and the main channel section;

[0062] Y represents the overall degradation coefficient of pollutants, with a value ranging from 0.09 to 0.15d. -1 ;

[0063] (5) Calculate the corresponding flow rate q at the gate control section for each pollutant. k 2 q k 3 The minimum value of the calculated results for each pollutant is taken as the final design flow rate.

[0064] q k 2 =(W i 2 -W i 2 +W i降 2 ) / C k 2 (k=1, 2, 3...)

[0065] q k 3 =(W i 2 -W i 2 +W i降 2 ) / C k 2 (k=1, 2, 3...)

[0066] q i =min(q) k 3 (k=1, 2, 3...)

[0067] q j =min(q) k 3(k=1, 2, 3...)

[0068] In the formula:

[0069] W i For environmental capacity;

[0070] q i q j Design the flow rate for the gate control section;

[0071] C k 2 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the cross-sections of the first tributary and the second tributary;

[0072] C k 3 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the first tributary and the third tributary cross-sections.

[0073] q k 2 The design flow rate for the gate control section is calculated based on the data of the kth pollutant.

[0074] q k 3 The design flow rate for the gate control section is calculated based on the data of the kth pollutant.

[0075] W i 2 The existing amount of pollutants between the second tributary and the main channel;

[0076] W i 3 The existing amount of pollutants between the third tributary and the main channel section;

[0077] W i降 2 The content of degradable pollutants between the second tributary and the main channel section;

[0078] W i降 3 This refers to the content of degradable pollutants between the third tributary and the main channel.

[0079] Preferably, flood emergency protection logic is set up; the first level gauge, the second level gauge, and the third level gauge collect the river water level h in real time. a When h a ≥H, where H is the river flood level, the judgment system outputs a full-open command, forcibly opening all gates to release floodwater; the flood discharge flow rate is calculated according to the following formula:

[0080]

[0081] Q_discharge is the flood discharge flow rate, m³ / s;

[0082] μ is the flow coefficient;

[0083] b is the width of the water passage section, in meters;

[0084] e represents the gate opening height, in meters (m).

[0085] g is the acceleration due to gravity, m / s² 2 ;

[0086] h a a = 7, 8, 9 are the river water levels measured by the level gauge at gate station 3-a, in meters;

[0087] h a+1 The depth is measured in meters (m) after the gate station.

[0088] A method for regulating water quality and quantity at the confluence of complex rivers, implemented using the system described above, includes the following steps:

[0089] S1. Preset water quality standards: Select dissolved oxygen, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus as core control indicators, and enter the target thresholds C1, C2, C3, and C4 for each indicator into the judgment system;

[0090] S2. Real-time monitoring and data acquisition: As water from the upper reaches of the first tributary enters the control area, the monitoring system collects water quality data at various cross-sections. Flow rate and water level data are collected and uploaded to the judgment system; Representing the Monitoring section number Measured concentrations of the pollutants;

[0091] S3. Data Comparison and Traffic Calculation: Determine if the system will perform actual measurements. With target threshold In comparison, when any indicator exceeds the standard, the design flow rate q of the gate control section is calculated using the water environment capacity and pollutant attenuation model. i q j ;

[0092] S4. Gate scheduling under different operating conditions: Output control signals to the gate control system according to the logic of operating conditions 1, 2, and 3 to complete the gate's full opening, partial opening, or closing; The effluent from the wetland tributary purification system is selected to flow into the main river, return to the second tributary, or return to the first tributary based on the water quality results.

[0093] S5. Flood safety assessment: Real-time reading of water level gauge; if the water level reaches the flood level, all gates will be forced to open for flood discharge.

[0094] S6. Iterative Cycle: Continuously collect monitoring data and repeat steps S2-S5 to achieve dynamic and continuous regulation of the river section.

[0095] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0096] (1) This invention focuses on monitoring the water quality of the river section to meet the standards and regulating the water level. It uses a detection system and a level gauge to monitor the river water conditions in real time and uses an intelligent control system to reasonably determine the opening and closing of gates and pumping stations, which can ensure that the water quality monitoring section meets the standards in a timely, accurate and effective manner.

[0097] (2) This invention makes reasonable use of existing sluice gates and pumping stations in the river channels, and rationally regulates the water level of each river channel, adapting to local conditions. It makes full use of the self-purification capacity of each tributary river channel, with low investment costs, good purification effect, green ecology, and no secondary pollution.

[0098] (3) This invention is flexible in operation, requires little investment, and has low cost. Real-time regulation of river water is achieved through an intelligent control system. Simultaneously, monitoring parameters are set according to surface water environmental quality standards, resulting in more comprehensive control over water quality and level. Attached Figure Description

[0099] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system and method;

[0100] Figure 2 A flowchart of a complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system and method;

[0101] Figure 3 This is a plan view of a complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system and method.

[0102] In the picture:

[0103] 1. Main channel; 2. Gate control system; 3. Monitoring system; 4. Tributary purification system; 5. Judgment system; 1. Main channel; 1-1. Main channel body; 2-1. First gate; 2-2. Second gate; 2-3. Third gate; 2-4. Fourth gate; 2-5. Fifth gate; 3-1. First water quality detection device; 3-3. Second water quality detection device; 3-5. Third water quality detection device; 3-2. First water quantity monitoring device; 3-4. Second water quantity monitoring device; 3-6. Third water quantity monitoring device; 3-7. First level gauge; 3-8. Second level gauge; 3-9. Third level gauge; 4-1. First tributary channel; 4-2. Second tributary channel; 4-3. Third tributary channel; 4-4. Fourth tributary channel. Detailed Implementation

[0104] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0105] Please see Figure 1-3 A complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system includes a main channel (1), a gate control system (2), a monitoring system (3), a tributary purification system (4), and a judgment system (5).

[0106] The main channel (1) includes the main channel body (1-1);

[0107] The gate control system (2) includes multiple tributary river gates, namely the first gate (2-1), the second gate (2-2), the third gate (2-3), the fourth gate (2-4), the fifth gate (2-5), and the sixth gate (2-6). The first gate (2-1) is located at the water inlet of the second tributary river (4-2), the second gate (2-2) is located at the water inlet of the third tributary river (4-3), and the third gate (2-3), the fourth gate (2-4), the fifth gate (2-5), and the sixth gate (2-6) are all located at the water outlet of the wetland tributary purification system (4-4). Each gate receives instructions from the judgment system (5) to complete the actions of full opening, partial opening, and closing.

[0108] The monitoring system (3) includes multiple sets of water quality monitoring devices, water quantity monitoring devices, and level gauges; the first water quality monitoring device (3-1), the first water quantity monitoring device (3-2), and the first level gauge (3-7) are installed at the inlet of the second tributary (4-2); the second water quality monitoring device (3-3), the second water quantity monitoring device (3-4), and the second level gauge (3-8) are installed at the inlet of the third tributary (4-3); the third water quality monitoring device (3-5), the third water quantity monitoring device (3-6), and the third level gauge (3-9) are installed at the outlet of the wetland tributary purification system (4-4); the monitoring system (3) transmits the collected water quality, water quantity, and level data in real time to the judgment system (5);

[0109] The tributary purification system (4) includes the first tributary (4-1), the second tributary (4-2), the third tributary (4-3), and the wetland tributary purification system (4-4). The upstream water of the first tributary (4-1) flows in three directions, which flow into the main channel (1-1) via the second tributary (4-2), the third tributary (4-3), and the wetland tributary purification system (4-4), respectively. The wetland tributary purification system (4-4) has an outlet return purification channel, and the outlet water can flow back to the second tributary (4-2) or the first tributary (4-1) for further purification.

[0110] The judgment system (5) communicates with the monitoring system (3) and the gate control system (2) to receive monitoring data, perform pollutant concentration calculation, water environment capacity calculation, gate control section design flow rate calculation, and output gate control commands according to preset working conditions.

[0111] The judgment system (5) executes three working condition logics, and the control gate control system (2) completes the scheduling:

[0112] Operating Condition 1: Water quality of the first tributary (4-1) is C i ≤C0 meets the control standard, the first gate (2-1), the second gate (2-2), and the third gate (2-3) are all opened, and the water flows smoothly into the main river channel (1-1).

[0113] Condition 2: Water quality does not meet requirements, but water level does.

[0114] (1) Water quality of tributary rivers (4-1) C0≤C i ≤1.2C0 does not meet the water quality standard, but does not exceed 20% of the standard. It can rely on the self-purification capacity of the subsequent second tributary (2-2) and third tributary (2-3) to meet the water quality requirements of the main channel. i ≥Q i ·α·β,q j ≥Q j When the water level meets the control requirements (α·β), the first gate (2-1) and the second gate (2-2) of the second tributary (4-2) and the third tributary (4-3) are partially opened, and the flow rates are q. i q j As the water level rises, the water flow mainly flows into the main river channel (1-1) through the wetland tributary purification system (4-4).

[0115] (2) Water quality of tributary rivers (4-1) i ≥1.2C0 does not meet the water quality standards and exceeds the standards by 20%. Therefore, the self-purification capacity of the subsequent second tributary (2-2) and third tributary (2-3) cannot be relied upon to meet the water quality requirements of the main channel. Furthermore, q i≤Q i ·α·β,q j ≤Q j ·α·β, but the water level meets the control requirements. At this time, the first gate (2-1) and the second gate (2-2) are closed, raising the water level of the first tributary channel (4-1). The water flows through the wetland tributary purification system (4-4) for purification. When the effluent quality C of the wetland tributary purification channel (4-4) is... i When C0 ≤ C meets the water quality requirements, the fourth gate (2-4) opens, and the fifth gate (2-5) and the sixth gate (2-6) close, allowing water to flow into the main channel (1-1). When the effluent water quality C0 ≤ C i When the water quality standard is not met (≤1.2C0), but does not exceed the standard by more than 20%, the sixth gate (2-6) is opened, and the fourth gate (2-4) and the fifth gate (2-5) are closed. The water flows into the second tributary channel (4-2) for purification; the effluent water quality C i When the water quality standard is not met and exceeds the standard by 20%, the fifth gate (2-5) is opened, the second gate (2-4) and the sixth gate (2-6) are closed, and the water flows back into the first tributary channel (4-1) for further purification.

[0116] (3) Condition 3: Water quality and water level do not meet the requirements, and water quantity is used as the judgment standard;

[0117] (1) When the water volume does not exceed 20% of the controlled water volume, the water quality is divided into two situations:

[0118] ① If the water quality does not meet the water quality standard requirements but does not exceed the standard by more than 20%, the water quality can be improved by relying on the self-purification capacity of the subsequent second tributary (2-2) and third tributary (2-3) to meet the water quality requirements of the main channel. At this time, the third gate (2-3) of the wetland tributary purification channel (4-4) is opened, and the water flows smoothly. The first gate (2-1) and the second gate (2-2) of the second tributary (4-2) and third tributary (4-3) are partially opened, and the flow rates are q respectively. i q j ;

[0119] ② The water quality does not meet the water quality standards, exceeding the standards by 20%. The self-purification capacity of the subsequent second tributary (2-2) and third tributary (2-3) cannot be relied upon to meet the water quality requirements entering the main river. The water flow mainly converges into the wetland tributary purification channel (4-4) before flowing into the main river. Simultaneously, for water safety, and q i ≥Q i ·α·β,q j ≥Q jWhen α·β, the first gate (2-1) and the second gate (2-2) of the second tributary (4-2) and the third tributary (4-3) are partially opened in real time according to the water volume, and the water flow rates are q respectively. i q j When the effluent quality of the wetland tributary purification channel (4-4) meets the water quality requirements, the fourth gate (2-4) is opened, and the fifth gate (2-5) and the sixth gate (2-6) are closed, allowing the water to flow into the main channel (1-1). When the effluent quality does not meet the water quality standards but does not exceed the water quality requirements by 20%, the sixth gate (2-6) is opened, and the fourth gate (2-4) and the fifth gate (2-5) are closed, allowing the water to flow into the second tributary channel (4-2) for purification. When the effluent quality does not meet the water quality standards and exceeds the water quality requirements by 20%, the fifth gate (2-5) is opened, and the second gate (2-4) and the sixth gate (2-6) are closed, allowing the water to flow back into the first tributary channel (4-1) for further purification.

[0120] (2) When the water volume exceeds 20% of the controlled water volume, the first gate (2-1), the second gate (2-2), and the third gate (2-3) are all opened, and the water flows smoothly and directly into the main river channel;

[0121] In operating conditions 2 and 3,

[0122] q i The designed flow rate (m) of the first tributary (4-1) flowing into the second tributary (4-2) section. 3 / s;

[0123] q j The designed flow rate (m) of the first tributary (4-1) flowing into the second tributary (4-2) section. 3 / s;

[0124] Qi represents the river flow rate between the second tributary channel (4-2) and the main channel (1-1), in meters. 3 / s;

[0125] Q j The flow rate between the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1) is expressed in m³. 3 / s;

[0126] α is the flow coefficient, and the value of α varies depending on the season, water quality, and water quantity. The values ​​are as follows: High water season: α = 0.25-0.20; Normal water season: α = 0.25-0.20; Low water season: α = 0.30-0.35.

[0127] β is the flow rate coefficient. The value of β varies depending on the inflow volume of the first tributary (4-1). The values ​​can be found in the table below:

[0128] Flow coefficient Control water volume to 20%-50%. Control the water volume to 50%-80%. Control the water volume to 80%-100%. Control water volume to 100%-120%. β 0.5-0.75 0.75-1.0 1.0-1.1 1.1-1.2

[0129] 4. A complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the judgment system (5) calculates the design flow rate q at the gate control section. i q j It includes the following steps:

[0130] (1) Screening water quality data that exceeds standards:

[0131] The judgment system (5) makes a preliminary judgment on the data transmitted by the monitoring system and performs subsequent calculations on the water quality data that does not meet the standards; the calculation of pollutant concentration in the river section is based on the formula.

[0132]

[0133] In the formula: C L The pollutant concentration (mg / L) after flowing through a distance L;

[0134] L is the longitudinal distance (m) along the river section;

[0135] u is the average flow velocity (m / s) of the river cross section under the design flow rate.

[0136] C S The concentration of pollutants in the upstream water (mg / L).

[0137] (2) Formula for calculating the water environmental capacity of the second tributary channel (4-2):

[0138]

[0139] In the formula: W i Environmental capacity (g / s);

[0140] Q i The average flow rate (m³) of the driest month over the past ten years between the second tributary (4-2) and the main channel (1-1) under a 90% guarantee rate. 3 Since the upstream water flow is not a fixed value, the probability of a flow rate greater than a certain flow rate is selected as the design hydrological condition. Generally, a 90% guarantee rate is selected as the design hydrological condition.

[0141] q i The designed flow rate (m) of the first tributary (4-1) flowing into the second tributary (4-2) section. 3 / s;

[0142] C0 represents the water quality target (mg / L);

[0143] u is the average flow velocity of the river section (m / s);

[0144] Y represents the overall degradation coefficient of pollutants, with a value ranging from 0.09 to 0.15d. -1 .

[0145] (3) Calculate the pollutant content W between the second tributary (4-2), the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1). i 2 W i 3 ;

[0146] W i 2 =C k 2 (Q) i -q i )

[0147] W i 3 =C k 3 (Q) j -q j )

[0148] In the formula: q i The design flow rate (m) for the first tributary (4-1) flowing into the second tributary (4-2) section. 3 / s;

[0149] q j The design flow rate (m) for the first tributary (4-1) flowing into the second tributary (4-2) section. 3 / s;

[0150] Qi represents the river flow rate between the second tributary channel (4-2) and the main channel (1-1), in meters. 3 / s;

[0151] Q j The flow rate between the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1) is expressed in m³. 3 / s;

[0152] W i 2 The existing pollutant concentration, in mg / L, is between the second tributary (4-2) and the main channel (1-1).

[0153] W i 3 The existing pollutant concentration, in mg / L, is between the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1).

[0154] C k2 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the first tributary (4-1) and the second tributary (4-2) is expressed in mg / L.

[0155] C k 3 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the first tributary (4-1) and the third tributary (4-3) is expressed in mg / L.

[0156] (4) Calculate the content W of degradable pollutants between the second tributary (4-2), the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1). i 2 W i 3 ;

[0157] W i降 2 =W i 2 ·Y

[0158] W i降 3 =W i 3 ·Y

[0159] W i降 2 The content of degradable pollutants, in mg / L, is between the cross-section of the second tributary (4-2) and the main channel (1-1).

[0160] W i降 3 The content of degradable pollutants, in mg / L, is between the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1).

[0161] Y represents the overall degradation coefficient of pollutants, with a value ranging from 0.09 to 0.15d. -1 .

[0162] The value of K varies depending on the season, water quality, and water quantity. The values ​​can be found in the table below.

[0163] Degradation coefficient High water season Ping Shui Ji Dry season Y 0.13-0.15 0.11-0.13 0.09-0.11

[0164] (5) Calculate the design flow rate of the first tributary (4-1) into the cross-sections of the second tributary (4-2) and the third tributary (4-3):

[0165] q k 2 =(W i 2 -W i 2 +Wi降 2 ) / C k 2 (k=1, 2, 3...)

[0166] q k 3 =(W i 2 -W i 2 +W i降 2 ) / C k 2 (k=1, 2, 3...)

[0167] q i =min(q) k 3 (k=1, 2, 3...)

[0168] q j =min(q) k 3 (k=1, 2, 3...)

[0169] In the formula:

[0170] W i Environmental capacity (g / s);

[0171] q i q j The designed flow rate for the gate control section is m. 3 / s

[0172] C k 2 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the first tributary (4-1) and the second tributary (4-2) is expressed in mg / L.

[0173] C k 3 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the first tributary (4-1) and the third tributary (4-3) is expressed in mg / L.

[0174] q k 2 The design flow rate (m) for the gate control section (4-2) is calculated based on the data of the kth pollutant. 3 / s;

[0175] q k 3 The design flow rate (m) for the gate control section (4-3) is calculated based on the data of the kth pollutant. 3 / s;

[0176] W i 2 The existing pollutant concentration, in mg / L, is between the second tributary (4-2) and the main channel (1-1).

[0177] W i 3 The existing pollutant concentration, in mg / L, is between the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1).

[0178] W i降 2 The content of degradable pollutants, in mg / L, is between the cross-section of the second tributary (4-2) and the main channel (1-1).

[0179] W i降 3 The content of degradable pollutants, in mg / L, is the content of pollutants between the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1).

[0180] A system and method for regulating water quality and quantity at complex river confluences, characterized by the following specific steps:

[0181] (1) Set the water quality standards that the river channel needs to meet;

[0182] According to the surface water environmental quality standards released by the industry, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus are set as the basic items of the surface water environmental quality standards, and these indicators are named C1, C2, C3, and C4 respectively.

[0183] According to the water quality standards to be achieved, input the data of C1, C2, C3 and C4 into the judgment system (5) respectively;

[0184] (2) Purify the water coming from upstream;

[0185] The upstream water first enters the first tributary channel (4-1), and the data is transmitted to the monitoring system via the water quality monitoring devices (3-1, 3-3, 3-5), water quantity monitoring devices (3-2, 3-4, 3-6), the first level gauge (3-7), the second level gauge (3-8), and the third level gauge (3-9) at each gate control section. The system then monitors the indicators detected by these devices, including C1. i C2 i C3 i C4 i ,

[0186] C k i These represent the data of the kth pollutant measured by the detection systems at different gate control sections (i=1, 2, 3);

[0187] (3) Determine whether the gate is open;

[0188] The detection system will detect data C1 i C2 i C3 i C4 i The data is passed to the judgment system, which compares it with C1, C2, C3, and C4 respectively.

[0189] C k i ≤C k (k=1, 2, 3, 4) (i=2, 3, 4 represent the monitoring sections 4-2, 4-3, and 4-4 of the tributary river, respectively, and the effluent monitoring section of the wetland purification system (4-4))

[0190] C k i The data detected at each gate control section;

[0191] C k To determine the data input into the system;

[0192] If all conditions are met, the opening command will be sent to the gate control system (2), the gate station will be fully opened, and the water will flow smoothly through;

[0193] If any one of the conditions is not met, a closing command will be sent to the gate control system (2), and the gate station will be partially opened. The degree of opening is calculated.

[0194] (4) Extreme flooding conditions

[0195] The gate control section is equipped with a first level gauge (3-7), a second level gauge (3-8), and a third level gauge (3-9) to monitor the river water level; the gate will open to lower the water level when the river water level meets the following formula.

[0196] To lower the water level in the river channel and prevent flooding:

[0197] h a ≥H

[0198] h a a = 7, 8, 9, which is the river water level measured by the level gauge at gate station 3-a;

[0199] H represents the river flood level;

[0200] The flood discharge flow rate can be calculated using the following formula:

[0201]

[0202] Q_discharge is the flood discharge flow rate, m³ / s;

[0203] μ is the flow coefficient;

[0204] b is the width of the water passage section, in meters;

[0205] e represents the gate opening height, in meters (m).

[0206] g is the acceleration due to gravity, m / s² 2 ;

[0207] h a a = 7, 8, 9 are the river water levels measured by the level gauge at gate station 3-a, in meters;

[0208] h a+1 The depth is measured in meters (m) after the gate station.

[0209] A method for regulating water quality and quantity at complex river confluences includes the following steps:

[0210] S1. Preset water quality standards: Dissolved oxygen, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus are selected as core control indicators. The target thresholds C1, C2, C3, and C4 of each indicator are entered in the judgment system (5).

[0211] S2. Real-time monitoring and data collection: When the upstream water of the first tributary (4-1) enters the control area, the monitoring system (3) collects water quality data from each cross-section using various monitoring devices. , flow rate, water level data and upload them to the judgment system (5); Representing the Monitoring section number Measured concentrations of the pollutants;

[0212] S3, Data Comparison and Traffic Calculation: The judgment system (5) will measure the actual traffic flow. With target threshold In comparison, when any indicator exceeds the standard, the design flow rate q of the gate control section is calculated using the water environment capacity and pollutant attenuation model. i q j ;

[0213] S4. Gate scheduling under different working conditions: Output control signals to the gate control system (2) according to the logic of working condition 1, working condition 2, and working condition 3 to complete the gate fully opening, partially opening, or closing; The effluent from the wetland tributary purification system (4-4) is selected to flow into the main river, return to the second tributary river (4-2), or return to the first tributary river (4-1) according to the water quality results.

[0214] S5. Flood safety assessment: Real-time reading of water level gauge; if the water level reaches the flood level, all gates will be forced to open for flood discharge.

[0215] S6. Iterative Cycle: Continuously collect monitoring data and repeat steps S2-S5 to achieve dynamic and continuous regulation of the river section.

[0216] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water quality and quantity regulation system for complex river confluences, characterized in that, It includes the main river channel (1), gate control system (2), monitoring system (3), tributary purification system (4), and judgment system (5); The main channel (1) includes the main channel body (1-1); The gate control system (2) includes multiple tributary river gates, and the multiple tributary river gates receive instructions from the judgment system (5) to complete the actions of full opening, partial opening, and closing. The monitoring system (3) includes multiple sets of water quality monitoring devices, water quantity monitoring devices, and liquid level gauges. The monitoring system (3) transmits the collected water quality, water quantity, and liquid level data in real time to the judgment system (5). The tributary purification system (4) includes multiple tributary channels and a wetland tributary purification system (4-4), and the wetland tributary purification system (4-4) has an effluent return purification channel; The judgment system (5) is connected to the monitoring system (3) and the gate control system (2) to receive monitoring data, perform pollutant concentration calculation, water environment capacity calculation, gate control section design flow rate calculation, and output gate control commands according to preset working conditions.

2. The water quality and quantity regulation system for complex river confluences according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple tributary channel gates are designated as the first gate (2-1), the second gate (2-2), the third gate (2-3), the fourth gate (2-4), the fifth gate (2-5), and the sixth gate (2-6). The first gate (2-1) is located at the inlet of the second tributary channel (4-2), the second gate (2-2) is located at the inlet of the third tributary channel (4-3), and the third gate (2-3), fourth gate (2-4), fifth gate (2-5), and sixth gate (2-6) are all located at the outlet of the wetland tributary purification system (4-4).

3. The complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multiple sets of water quality monitoring devices are respectively a first water quality monitoring device (3-1), a second water quality monitoring device (3-3), and a third water quality monitoring device (3-5). The first water quality monitoring device (3-1), the first water quantity monitoring device (3-2), and the first liquid level gauge (3-7) are installed at the water inlet of the second tributary (4-2). The multiple sets of water quantity monitoring devices are respectively the first water quantity monitoring device (3-2), the second water quantity monitoring device (3-4), the third water quantity monitoring device (3-6), the second water quality monitoring device (3-3), the second water quantity monitoring device (3-4), and the second level gauge (3-8) installed at the water inlet of the third tributary (4-3); The multiple sets of level gauges are respectively the first level gauge (3-7), the second level gauge (3-8), and the third level gauge (3-9). The third water quality monitoring device (3-5), the third water quantity monitoring device (3-6), and the third level gauge (3-9) are installed at the outlet of the wetland tributary purification system (4-4). The monitoring system (3) transmits the collected water quality, water quantity, and level data in real time to the judgment system (5).

4. A complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multiple tributary channels are the first tributary channel (4-1), the second tributary channel (4-2), and the third tributary channel (4-3). The water from the upstream of the first tributary channel (4-1) flows in three directions, which flow into the main channel (1-1) through the second tributary channel (4-2), the third tributary channel (4-3), and the wetland tributary purification system (4-4). The wetland tributary purification system (4-4) has a water return purification channel, and the water can flow back to the second tributary channel (4-2) or the first tributary channel (4-1) for further purification.

5. A complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The judgment system (5) executes three working condition logics to control the gate control system (2) to complete the scheduling: Operating Condition 1: Water quality of the first tributary (4-1) is C i ≤C0 meets the control standard, the first gate (2-1), the second gate (2-2), and the third gate (2-3) are all opened, and the water flows smoothly into the main river channel (1-1). Condition 2: Water quality does not meet requirements, but water level does. (1) Water quality of tributary rivers (4-1) C0≤C i ≤1.2C0 does not meet the water quality standard, but does not exceed 20% of the standard. It can rely on the self-purification capacity of the subsequent second tributary (2-2) and third tributary (2-3) to meet the water quality requirements of the main channel. i ≥Q i ·α·β,q j ≥Q j When the water level meets the control requirements (α·β), the first gate (2-1) and the second gate (2-2) of the second tributary (4-2) and the third tributary (4-3) are partially opened, and the flow rates are q. i q j As the water level rises, the water flow mainly flows into the main river channel (1-1) through the wetland tributary purification system (4-4). (2) Water quality of tributary rivers (4-1) i ≥1.2C0 does not meet the water quality standards and exceeds the standards by 20%. Therefore, the self-purification capacity of the subsequent second tributary (2-2) and third tributary (2-3) cannot be relied upon to meet the water quality requirements of the main channel. Furthermore, q i ≤Q i ·α·β,q j ≤Q j ·α·β, but the water level meets the control requirements. At this time, the first gate (2-1) and the second gate (2-2) are closed, raising the water level of the first tributary channel (4-1). The water flows through the wetland tributary purification system (4-4) for purification. When the effluent quality C of the wetland tributary purification channel (4-4) is... i When C0 ≤ C meets the water quality requirements, the fourth gate (2-4) opens, and the fifth gate (2-5) and the sixth gate (2-6) close, allowing water to flow into the main channel (1-1). When the effluent water quality C0 ≤ C i When the water quality standard is not met (≤1.2C0), but does not exceed the standard by more than 20%, the sixth gate (2-6) is opened, and the fourth gate (2-4) and the fifth gate (2-5) are closed. The water flows into the second tributary channel (4-2) for purification; the effluent water quality C i When the water quality standard is not met and exceeds the standard by 20%, the fifth gate (2-5) is opened, the second gate (2-4) and the sixth gate (2-6) are closed, and the water flows back into the first tributary channel (4-1) for further purification. Condition 3: If neither water quality nor water level meets the control requirements, water quantity will be the primary criterion for judgment. (1) When the incoming water volume does not exceed 20% of the controlled water volume: ① If the water quality exceeds the standard by ≤20%, the third gate (2-3) will be opened, and the first gate (2-1) and the second gate (2-2) will be partially opened; ② If the water quality exceeds the standard by more than 20%, the water will preferentially enter the wetland tributary purification system (4-4); when q i ≥Q i ·α·β,q j ≥Q j When α·β, the first gate (2-1) and the second gate (2-2) are partially opened; the wetland water discharge is executed according to the water discharge branch logic of sub-item (2) of working condition 2; (2) When the incoming water volume exceeds the controlled water volume by 20%, the first gate (2-1), the second gate (2-2), and the third gate (2-3) are all opened, and the water flows directly into the main channel body (1-1).

6. A complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flow coefficient α is set as follows: α = 0.20-0.25 during the wet season; α = 0.20-0.25 during the normal season; α = 0.30-0.35 during the dry season. The flow coefficient β is determined according to the proportion of inflow to controlled water volume: 20%-50%, β=0.5-0.75; 50%-80%, β=0.75-1.0; 80%-100%, β=1.0-1.1; 100%-120%, β=1.1-1.

2.

7. A complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The judgment system (5) calculates the design flow rate q of the gate control section. i q j It includes the following steps: (1) Screening water quality data exceeding standards and using a river section pollutant attenuation model to calculate pollutant concentrations along the river: In the formula: C L The pollutant concentration after flowing through a distance L; L is the longitudinal distance along the river section; u is the average flow velocity of the river cross section under the design flow rate; C S This refers to the concentration of pollutants in the upstream water. (2) Calculate the water environment capacity of the second tributary channel (4-2). : In the formula: W i For environmental capacity; Q i The average flow rate of the driest month over the past ten years between the second tributary (4-2) and the main channel (1-1) under a 90% guarantee rate; q i The design flow rate of water flowing from the first tributary (4-1) into the second tributary (4-2) section; C0 is the water quality target; u is the average flow velocity of the river section; Y represents the overall degradation coefficient of pollutants; (3) Calculate the existing pollutant content at the cross-section from the second tributary (4-2), the third tributary (4-3) to the main channel (1-1): W i 2 =C k 2 (Q i -q i ) W i 3 =C k 3 (Q j -q j ) In the formula: q i The design flow rate for the section where the first tributary (4-1) flows into the second tributary (4-2); q j The design flow rate for the section where the first tributary (4-1) flows into the second tributary (4-2); Qi is the river flow rate between the second tributary channel (4-2) and the main channel (1-1); Q j The flow rate is the river flow rate between the third tributary channel (4-3) and the main channel (1-1). W i 2 The existing amount of pollutants between the second tributary (4-2) and the main channel (1-1) section; W i 3 The existing amount of pollutants between the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1) section; C k 2 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the first tributary (4-1) and the second tributary (4-2) cross sections; C k 3 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the first tributary (4-1) and the third tributary (4-3) cross sections; (4) Calculate the content W of degradable pollutants between the second tributary (4-2), the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1). i 2 W i 3 ; W i降 2 =W i 2 ·Y W i降 3 =W i 3 ·Y W i降 2 The content of degradable pollutants between the second tributary (4-2) and the main channel (1-1); W i降 3 The content of degradable pollutants between the third tributary channel (4-3) and the main channel (1-1); Y represents the overall degradation coefficient of pollutants, with a value ranging from 0.09 to 0.15d. -1 (5) Calculate the corresponding flow rate q at the gate control section for each pollutant. k 2 q k 3 The minimum value of the calculated results for each pollutant is taken as the final design flow rate. q k 2 =(W i 2 -W i 2 +W i降 2 ) / C k 2 (k=1、2、3.....) q k 3 =(W i 2 -W i 2 +W i降 2 ) / C k 2 (k=1、2、3.....) q i =min(q k 3 ,k=1、2、3......) q j =min(q k 3 ,k=1、2、3......) In the formula: W i For environmental capacity; q i q j Design the flow rate for the gate control section; C k 2 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the first tributary (4-1) and the second tributary (4-2) cross sections; C k 3 The mass concentration of the kth pollutant in the river between the first tributary (4-1) and the third tributary (4-3) cross sections; q k 2 The design flow rate of the gate control section (4-2) is calculated based on the data of the kth pollutant. q k 3 The design flow rate of the gate control section (4-3) is calculated based on the data of the kth pollutant. W i 2 The existing amount of pollutants between the second tributary (4-2) and the main channel (1-1) section; W i 3 The existing amount of pollutants between the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1) section; W i降 2 The content of degradable pollutants between the second tributary (4-2) and the main channel (1-1); W i降 3 The content of degradable pollutants between the third tributary (4-3) and the main channel (1-1) cross sections.

8. A complex river confluence water quality and quantity regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Set up flood emergency protection logic; the first level gauge (3-7), the second level gauge (3-8), and the third level gauge (3-9) collect the river water level h in real time. a When h a ≥H, where H is the river flood level, the judgment system (5) outputs a full-open command, and all gates are forcibly opened to release floodwater; the flood discharge flow rate is calculated according to the following formula: Q represents the flood discharge flow rate. μ is the flow coefficient; b is the width of the water passage section; e represents the gate opening height; g is the acceleration due to gravity; h a a = 7, 8, 9 are the river water levels measured by the level gauge at gate station 3-a; h a+1 This is the water depth measured after the gate station.

9. A method for regulating the water quality and quantity at the confluence of complex rivers, characterized in that, The system described in any one of claims 1-8 is used to perform the following steps: S1. Preset water quality standards: Dissolved oxygen, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus are selected as core control indicators. The target thresholds C1, C2, C3, and C4 of each indicator are entered in the judgment system (5). S2. Real-time monitoring and data collection: When the upstream water of the first tributary (4-1) enters the control area, the monitoring system (3) collects water quality data from each cross-section using various monitoring devices. , flow rate, water level data and upload them to the judgment system (5); Representing the Monitoring section number Measured concentrations of the pollutants; S3, Data Comparison and Traffic Calculation: The judgment system (5) will measure the actual traffic flow. With target threshold contrast; When any indicator exceeds the standard, the design flow rate q of the gate control section is calculated using the water environment capacity and pollutant attenuation model. i q j ; S4. Gate scheduling under different working conditions: Output control signals to the gate control system (2) according to the logic of working condition 1, working condition 2, and working condition 3 to complete the gate fully opening, partially opening, or closing; The effluent from the wetland tributary purification system (4-4) is selected to flow into the main river, return to the second tributary river (4-2), or return to the first tributary river (4-1) according to the water quality results. S5. Flood safety assessment: Real-time reading of water level gauge; if the water level reaches the flood level, all gates will be forced to open for flood discharge. S6. Iterative Cycle: Continuously collect monitoring data and repeat steps S2-S5 to achieve dynamic and continuous regulation of the river section.

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