Automatic switching communication interface circuit and electronic device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of ship electronics, and provides an automatic switching communication interface circuit and an electronic device. The automatic switching communication interface circuit comprises a first switching module, a second switching module, a control module and an interface module. The application realizes the adaptive docking of two protocol external devices through a single interface module, without arranging two groups of independent interfaces on the panel at the same time. The control module can automatically identify the protocol of the external device according to the pressure difference between the first end and the second end thereof, automatically control the actions of the first switching module and the second switching module, realize the automatic switching of the NMEA0183 interface circuit and the NMEA2000 interface circuit, without manual intervention, reduce the number of external interfaces, save the device panel space, relieve the layout pressure of the connectors of the miniaturized marine electronic device panel, and improve the use flexibility of the external interfaces of the marine electronic device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of marine electronic technology, and in particular relates to an automatic switching communication interface circuit and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] NMEA0183 and NMEA2000 are two mainstream communication interface standards in the field of marine electronic equipment, widely used in marine equipment such as navigation instruments, sensors, and shipboard display terminals. NMEA0183 is an asynchronous serial communication protocol, while NMEA2000 is based on the CAN bus for network communication. The hardware electronic characteristics and communication frame formats of the two are incompatible, and their external interfaces cannot be directly interoperated.

[0003] Existing marine electronic equipment uses a protocol-bound design for its external interfaces: the NMEA0183 interface can only connect to NMEA0183 external devices, and the NMEA2000 interface can only connect to NMEA2000 external devices. For fully functional marine electronic equipment, to ensure compatibility with both types of external devices, separate NMEA0183 and NMEA2000 interfaces need to be installed on the product casing. Dual external interfaces occupy significant physical space on the device panel. Due to limitations in device casing size and connector layout, implementation is difficult in miniaturized marine electronic equipment with limited overall dimensions and panel space. This often results in a choice between only one interface (NMEA0183 or NMEA2000), making it incompatible with external devices using either protocol. Furthermore, when the external device protocol differs from the marine electronic equipment's external interface protocol, direct connection is impossible, leading to poor flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an automatic switching communication interface circuit and electronic device, which can solve the problem that existing marine electronic devices are only configured with NMEA0183 or NMEA2000 interfaces and cannot be compatible with external devices of the two protocols.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an automatic switching communication interface, including a first switching module, a second switching module, a control module, and an interface module; a first terminal of the interface module is simultaneously connected to a first terminal of the first switching module and a first terminal of the control module, a second terminal of the interface module is simultaneously connected to a second terminal of the first switching module and a second terminal of the control module, a third terminal of the interface module is connected to a first terminal of the second switching module, and a fourth terminal of the interface module is connected to a second terminal of the second switching module; the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth terminals of the first switching module are respectively used to connect to the non-inverting input terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit and the NMEA2000 interface circuit. The power supply terminal, the inverting input terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, and the common ground terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit are connected. The first control terminal of the first switching module and the first control terminal of the second switching module are both connected to the power supply voltage. The second control terminal of the first switching module, the third terminal of the control module, and the second control terminal of the second switching module are interconnected. The fourth terminal of the control module is grounded. The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth terminals of the second switching module are respectively used to connect to the non-inverting output terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the non-inverting terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the inverting output terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, and the inverting terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit. The interface module is used to connect to external devices. When connecting to an NMEA0183 external device, its first to fourth terminals correspond to the non-inverting input, inverting input, non-inverting output, and inverting output terminals of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, respectively. When connecting to an NMEA2000 external device, its first to fourth terminals correspond to the power supply terminal, common ground terminal, non-inverting terminal, and inverting terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, respectively. The control module is used to control its third and fourth terminals to disconnect when the voltage difference between its first and second terminals is less than or equal to a preset voltage, so that the second control terminals of the first switching module and the second switching module are both disconnected from ground. The control module also... When the voltage difference between its first and second terminals exceeds a preset voltage, the first switching module controls its third and fourth terminals to conduct, thereby grounding both the second control terminals of the first and second switching modules. The first switching module, when its second control terminal is disconnected from ground, connects its first and third terminals and its second and fifth terminals; when its second control terminal is grounded, it connects its first and fourth terminals and its second and sixth terminals. The second switching module, when its second control terminal is disconnected from ground, connects its first and third terminals and its second and fifth terminals; when its second control terminal is grounded, it connects its first and fourth terminals and its second and sixth terminals.

[0006] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the control module includes an optocoupler and a first diode; a first input terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected to both the first terminal of the interface module and the first terminal of the first switching module, a second input terminal of the optocoupler is connected to both the second terminal of the interface module and the second terminal of the first switching module, a first output terminal of the optocoupler is connected to both the second control terminal of the first switching module and the second control terminal of the second switching module, and the second output terminal of the optocoupler is grounded.

[0007] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the control module further includes a first resistor; a first end of the first resistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to both the first end of the interface module and the first end of the first switching module.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the control module further includes a second diode; the cathode of the second diode is connected to both the first input terminal of the optocoupler and the anode of the first diode, and the anode of the second diode is connected to both the second input terminal of the optocoupler, the second terminal of the interface module, and the second terminal of the first switching module.

[0009] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first switching module includes a first relay; the first common terminal of the first relay is connected to both the first terminal of the interface module and the first terminal of the control module, the second common terminal of the first relay is connected to both the second terminal of the interface module and the second terminal of the control module, the first normally closed terminal of the first relay is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the first normally open terminal of the first relay is connected to the power supply terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the second normally closed terminal of the first relay is connected to the inverting input terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the second normally open terminal of the first relay is connected to the common ground terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the first terminal of the coil in the first relay is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second terminal of the coil in the first relay is connected to both the third terminal of the control module and the second control terminal of the second switching module.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the second switching module includes a second relay; the first common terminal of the second relay is connected to the third terminal of the interface module, the second common terminal of the second relay is connected to the fourth terminal of the interface module, the first normally closed terminal of the second relay is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the first normally open terminal of the second relay is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the second normally closed terminal of the second relay is connected to the inverting output terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the second normally open terminal of the second relay is connected to the inverting output terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the first terminal of the coil in the second relay is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second terminal of the coil in the second relay is simultaneously connected to the second control terminal of the first switching module and the third terminal of the control module.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the automatic switching communication interface circuit further includes a freewheeling module; the first end of the freewheeling module is connected to the first end of the coil in the first relay, and the second end of the freewheeling module is simultaneously connected to the second end of the coil in the first relay, the second end of the coil in the second relay, and the third end of the control module. The freewheeling module is used to provide a freewheeling path for the coils in the first relay and the second relay.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the freewheeling module includes a third diode; the cathode of the third diode is connected to a first end of the coil in the first relay, and the anode of the third diode is simultaneously connected to a second end of the coil in the first relay, a second end of the coil in the second relay, and a third end of the control module.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the automatic switching communication interface circuit further includes a current limiting module; the first terminal of the current limiting module is connected to a power supply voltage, and the second terminal of the current limiting module is simultaneously connected to the first terminal of the coil in the first relay and the first terminal of the coil in the second relay. The current limiting module is used to limit the current flowing into the coil of the first relay and the coil of the second relay.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including the automatic switching communication interface circuit described in any one of the first aspects.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments in this application compared with the prior art are: This application provides an automatic switching communication interface circuit, including a first switching module, a second switching module, a control module, and an interface module. The first terminal of the interface module is connected to both the first terminal of the first switching module and the first terminal of the control module; the second terminal of the interface module is connected to both the second terminal of the first switching module and the second terminal of the control module; the third terminal of the interface module is connected to the first terminal of the second switching module; and the fourth terminal of the interface module is connected to the second terminal of the second switching module. The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth terminals of the first switching module are respectively used to connect to the non-inverting input terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the power supply terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, and the N... The inverting input terminal of the MEA0183 interface circuit and the common ground terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit are connected. The first control terminal of the first switching module and the first control terminal of the second switching module are both connected to the power supply voltage. The second control terminal of the first switching module, the third terminal of the control module and the second control terminal of the second switching module are interconnected. The fourth terminal of the control module is grounded. The third, fourth, fifth and sixth terminals of the second switching module are respectively used to connect to the non-inverting output terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the non-inverting terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the inverting output terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit and the inverting terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit.

[0016] The interface module is used to connect external devices. When connecting to an NMEA0183 external device, its first to fourth terminals correspond to the non-inverting input, inverting input, non-inverting output, and inverting output terminals of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, respectively. When connecting to an NMEA2000 external device, its first to fourth terminals correspond to the power supply terminal, common ground terminal, non-inverting terminal, and inverting terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, respectively. The control module is used to disconnect its third and fourth terminals when the voltage difference between its first and second terminals is less than or equal to a preset voltage (indicating that the interface module is connected to an NMEA0183 external device), thereby disconnecting the second control terminals of both the first and second switching modules from ground. The control module is also used to connect its third and fourth terminals when the voltage difference between its first and second terminals is greater than a preset voltage (indicating that the interface module is connected to an NMEA2000 external device), thereby grounding the second control terminals of both the first and second switching modules. The first switching module is used to connect its first terminal to the third terminal and its second terminal to the fifth terminal when its second control terminal is disconnected from ground; and to connect its first terminal to the fourth terminal and its second terminal to the sixth terminal when its second control terminal is grounded. The second switching module is used to connect its first terminal to the third terminal and its second terminal to the fifth terminal when its second control terminal is disconnected from ground; and to connect its first terminal to the fourth terminal and its second terminal to the sixth terminal when its second control terminal is grounded.

[0017] The automatic switching communication interface circuit provided in this application is equipped with a single-channel interface module. The interface module can be connected to an NMEA0183 external device or an NMEA2000 external device. When the interface module is connected to the NMEA0183 external device, the voltage difference between the first and second terminals of the control module is less than or equal to a preset voltage, and the third and fourth terminals of the control module are disconnected. This disconnects the second control terminals of both the first and second switching modules from ground. Thus, the first switching module connects its first and third terminals and its second and fifth terminals, and the second switching module connects its first and third terminals and its second and fifth terminals. Ultimately, the connection between the NMEA0183 external device and the NMEA0183 interface circuit is achieved, enabling normal communication between the NMEA0183 external device and marine electronic equipment. When the interface module is connected to an external device of NMEA2000, the voltage difference between the first and second terminals of the control module is greater than the preset voltage, which controls the third and fourth terminals to conduct. This causes the second control terminals of both the first and second switching modules to be grounded. Thus, the first switching module conducts its first and fourth terminals and its second and sixth terminals, and the second switching module conducts its first and fourth terminals and its second and sixth terminals. Ultimately, this achieves the connection between the external device of NMEA2000 and the NMEA2000 interface circuit, enabling normal communication between the external device of NMEA2000 and marine electronic equipment.

[0018] This application enables the adaptation and connection of external devices with two protocols through a single-channel interface module, eliminating the need to arrange two independent interfaces on the panel simultaneously. Furthermore, the control module can automatically identify the protocol of the external device based on the pressure difference between its first and second terminals, and automatically control the operation of the first and second switching modules to achieve automatic switching between the NMEA0183 interface circuit and the NMEA2000 interface circuit without manual intervention. This reduces the number of external interfaces, saves equipment panel space, alleviates the pressure on the plug-in layout of miniaturized marine electronic equipment panels, and improves the flexibility of using external interfaces of marine electronic equipment.

[0019] It is understandable that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the NMEA2000 interface connecting to an external device connected to the NMEA2000. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the NMEA0183 interface connecting to an external device connected to the NMEA0183. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic switching communication interface circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a circuit connection diagram of an automatic switching communication interface circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a circuit connection diagram of an automatic switching communication interface circuit provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic switching communication interface circuit provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic switching communication interface circuit provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a circuit connection diagram of an automatic switching communication interface circuit provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external device connected to NMEA0183 in this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the NMEA2000 external device that this application is used to connect to.

[0022] In the diagram: 10. Automatic switching communication interface circuit; 101. First switching module; 102. Second switching module; 103. Control module; 104. Interface module; 105. Freewheeling module; 106. Current limiting module; 20. NMEA0183 interface circuit; 30. NMEA2000 interface circuit; 40. NMEA0183 external device; 50. NMEA2000 external device. Detailed Implementation

[0023] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0024] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0025] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0026] As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if [the described condition or event] is detected" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "once determined," "in response to determination," "once [the described condition or event] is detected," or "in response to detection of [the described condition or event]."

[0027] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0029] The existing marine electronic equipment interfaces are designed with protocol binding: the NMEA2000 interface can only connect to NMEA2000 external devices, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the NMEA0183 interface can only connect to external devices connected to the NMEA0183, such as... Figure 2 As shown. For marine electronic equipment that needs to be compatible with two types of external devices, NMEA0183 and NMEA2000 interfaces must be provided on the product casing respectively. However, these two interfaces occupy a lot of panel space. Due to the limitations of the device casing size and connector layout, it is difficult to arrange them simultaneously on miniaturized marine electronic equipment with a compact overall shape and limited panel space. As a result, most miniaturized marine electronic equipment can only choose one type of interface and cannot be compatible with external devices of the other protocol. When the external device protocol and the marine electronic equipment interface protocol are inconsistent, they cannot be directly connected, resulting in poor flexibility of use.

[0030] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an automatic switching communication interface circuit. This circuit enables the adaptation and connection of external devices using two different protocols through a single interface module, eliminating the need for two separate sets of interfaces on the panel. Furthermore, the control module automatically identifies the external device protocol based on the pressure difference between its first and second terminals, automatically controlling the operation of the first and second switching modules to achieve automatic switching between the NMEA0183 and NMEA2000 interface circuits without manual intervention. This reduces the number of external interfaces, saves panel space, alleviates the pressure on connector layout in miniaturized marine electronic equipment panels, and improves the flexibility of using external interfaces in marine electronic equipment.

[0031] To illustrate the technical solution described in this application, specific embodiments are provided below.

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an automatic switching communication interface circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the automatic switching communication interface circuit 10 includes a first switching module 101, a second switching module 102, a control module 103, and an interface module 104. The first terminal of the interface module 104 is connected to both the first terminal of the first switching module 101 and the first terminal of the control module 103. The second terminal of the interface module 104 is connected to both the second terminal of the first switching module 101 and the second terminal of the control module 103. The third terminal of the interface module 104 is connected to the first terminal of the second switching module 102. The fourth terminal of the interface module 104 is connected to the second terminal of the second switching module 102. The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth terminals of the first switching module 101 are respectively used to connect to the non-inverting input terminal RDA of the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20, the power supply terminal CAN_S of the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30, and the NMEA01... The inverting input terminal RDB of the 83 interface circuit 20 and the common ground terminal CAN_C of the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30 are connected. The first control terminal of the first switching module 101 and the first control terminal of the second switching module 102 are both connected to the power supply voltage VCC. The second control terminal of the first switching module 101, the third terminal of the control module 103 and the second control terminal of the second switching module 102 are interconnected. The fourth terminal of the control module 103 is grounded. The third, fourth, fifth and sixth terminals of the second switching module 102 are respectively used to connect to the non-inverting output terminal TDA of the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20, the non-inverting terminal CAN_H of the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30, the inverting output terminal TDB of the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20 and the inverting terminal CAN_L of the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30.

[0033] Specifically, the interface module 104 is used to connect external devices. When connecting to the NMEA0183 external device 40, its first to fourth terminals correspond to the non-inverting input terminal RDA, the inverting input terminal RDB, the non-inverting output terminal TDA, and the inverting output terminal TDB of the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20, respectively. When connecting to the NMEA2000 external device 50, its first to fourth terminals correspond to the power supply terminal CAN_S, the common ground terminal CAN_C, the non-inverting terminal CAN_H, and the inverting terminal CAN_L of the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30, respectively. The control module 103 is used to disconnect its third and fourth terminals when the voltage difference between its first and second terminals is less than or equal to a preset voltage (indicating that the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA0183 external device 40), thereby disconnecting the second control terminals of both the first switching module 101 and the second switching module 102 from ground. The control module 103 is also used to connect its third and fourth terminals when the voltage difference between its first and second terminals is greater than a preset voltage (indicating that the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA2000 external device 50), thereby grounding the second control terminals of both the first switching module 101 and the second switching module 102. The first switching module 101 is used to connect its first and third terminals and its second and fifth terminals when its second control terminal is disconnected from ground; and to connect its first and fourth terminals and its second and sixth terminals when its second control terminal is grounded. The second switching module 102 is used to connect its first terminal to the third terminal and its second terminal to the fifth terminal when its second control terminal is disconnected from ground; and to connect its first terminal to the fourth terminal and its second terminal to the sixth terminal when its second control terminal is grounded. In this embodiment, the preset voltage is 6V.

[0034] The automatic switching communication interface circuit 10 provided in this application is equipped with a single-channel interface module 104. The interface module 104 can be connected to an NMEA0183 external device 40 or an NMEA2000 external device 50. When the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA0183 external device 40, the voltage difference between the first and second terminals of the control module 103 is less than or equal to a preset voltage, and its third and fourth terminals are disconnected. This causes the second control terminals of the first switching module 101 and the second switching module 102 to be disconnected from ground. Thus, the first switching module 101 connects its first and third terminals and its second and fifth terminals, and the second switching module 102 connects its first and third terminals and its second and fifth terminals. This ultimately enables the NMEA0183 external device 40 to connect with the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20, thereby enabling normal communication between the NMEA0183 external device 40 and the marine electronic equipment. When the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA2000 external device 50, the voltage difference between the first and second terminals of the control module 103 is greater than the preset voltage, which controls the third and fourth terminals to conduct. This causes the second control terminals of the first switching module 101 and the second control terminals of the second switching module 102 to be grounded. Thus, the first switching module 101 conducts its first and fourth terminals and its second and sixth terminals, and the second switching module 102 conducts its first and fourth terminals and its second and sixth terminals. This ultimately enables the connection between the NMEA2000 external device 50 and the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30, allowing the NMEA2000 external device 50 to communicate normally with the marine electronic equipment.

[0035] This application achieves the adaptation and connection of external devices with two protocols through a single-channel interface module 104, eliminating the need to arrange two independent interfaces on the panel simultaneously. Furthermore, the control module 103 can automatically identify the protocol of the external device based on the pressure difference between its first and second terminals, and automatically control the operation of the first switching module 101 and the second switching module 102 to achieve automatic switching between the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20 and the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30 without manual intervention. This reduces the number of external interfaces, saves equipment panel space, alleviates the pressure on the plug layout of miniaturized marine electronic equipment panels, and improves the flexibility of using external interfaces of marine electronic equipment.

[0036] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 4As shown, the control module 103 includes an optocoupler U1 and a first diode D1. The first input terminal of the optocoupler U1 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to both the first terminal of the interface module 104 and the first terminal of the first switching module 101. The second input terminal of the optocoupler U1 is connected to both the second terminal of the interface module 104 and the second terminal of the first switching module 101. The first output terminal of the optocoupler U1 is connected to both the second control terminal of the first switching module 101 and the second control terminal of the second switching module 102. The second output terminal of the optocoupler U1 is grounded. In this embodiment, the first diode D1 is a 6V Zener diode.

[0037] Specifically, when the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA0183 external device 40, the voltage difference between the RDA signal and the RDB signal is ±2~±6V. This voltage difference is insufficient to turn on the first diode D1, so the optocoupler U1 cannot be turned on. Consequently, the second control terminal of the first switching module 101 and the second control terminal of the second switching module 102 are disconnected from ground. At this time, the first switching module 101 connects its first terminal to its third terminal and its second terminal to its fifth terminal, and the second switching module 102 connects its first terminal to its third terminal and its second terminal to its fifth terminal, thus ultimately achieving the connection between the NMEA0183 external device 40 and the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20.

[0038] When the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA2000 external device 50, the voltage difference between the CAN_S signal and the CAN_C signal is 9V~16V. This voltage difference can break down the first diode D1, thereby turning on the optocoupler U1. This causes the second control terminal of the first switching module 101 and the second control terminal of the second switching module 102 to be grounded. At this time, the first switching module 101 connects its first terminal to the fourth terminal and its second terminal to the sixth terminal, and the second switching module 102 connects its first terminal to the fourth terminal and its second terminal to the sixth terminal, thus achieving the connection between the NMEA2000 external device 50 and the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30.

[0039] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the control module 103 also includes a first resistor R1; the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to both the first end of the interface module 104 and the first end of the first switching module 101. Specifically, the first resistor R1 is a current-limiting resistor.

[0040] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5As shown, the control module 103 also includes a second diode D2; the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to both the first input terminal of the optocoupler U1 and the anode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to both the second input terminal of the optocoupler U1, the second terminal of the interface module 104, and the second terminal of the first switching module 101. In this embodiment, the second diode D2 is a Schottky diode.

[0041] Specifically, the second diode D2 is used to provide reverse connection protection for the internal light-emitting diode of the optocoupler U1.

[0042] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first switching module 101 includes a first relay; the first common terminal 11 of the first relay is connected to the first terminal of the interface module 104 and the first terminal of the control module 103; the second common terminal 21 of the first relay is connected to the second terminal of the interface module 104 and the second terminal of the control module 103; the first normally closed terminal 12 of the first relay is connected to the non-inverting input terminal RDA of the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20; the first normally open terminal 14 of the first relay is connected to the power supply terminal CAN_S of the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30; the second normally closed terminal 22 of the first relay is connected to the inverting input terminal RDB of the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20; the second normally open terminal 24 of the first relay is connected to the common ground terminal CAN_C of the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30; the first terminal A1 of the coil in the first relay is connected to the power supply voltage VCC; and the second terminal A2 of the coil in the first relay is connected to the third terminal of the control module 103 and the second control terminal of the second switching module 102.

[0043] Specifically, when the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA0183 external device 40, the voltage difference between the RDA signal and the RDB signal is ±2~±6V. This voltage difference is insufficient to turn on the first diode D1, so the optocoupler U1 cannot be turned on. Consequently, the second terminal A2 of the coil in the first relay and the second control terminal of the second switching module 102 are disconnected from ground. At this time, the first common terminal 11 of the first relay is connected to the first normally closed terminal 12, and the second common terminal 21 is connected to the second normally closed terminal 22. The second switching module 102 connects its first terminal to the third terminal and its second terminal to the fifth terminal, thus achieving the connection between the NMEA0183 external device 40 and the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20.

[0044] When the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA2000 external device 50, the voltage difference between the CAN_S signal and the CAN_C signal is 9V~16V. This voltage difference can break down the first diode D1, thereby turning on the optocoupler U1, which in turn grounds the second terminal A2 of the coil in the first relay and the second control terminal of the second switching module 102. At this time, the first common terminal 11 of the first relay is connected to the first normally open terminal 14, and the second common terminal 21 is connected to the second normally open terminal 24. The second switching module 102 connects its first terminal to the fourth terminal and its second terminal to the sixth terminal, thus achieving the connection between the NMEA2000 external device 50 and the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30.

[0045] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second switching module 102 includes a second relay; the first common terminal 11 of the second relay is connected to the third terminal of the interface module 104, the second common terminal 21 of the second relay is connected to the fourth terminal of the interface module 104, the first normally closed terminal 12 of the second relay is used to connect to the non-inverting output terminal TDA of the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20, the first normally open terminal 14 of the second relay is used to connect to the non-inverting terminal CAN_H of the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30, the second normally closed terminal 22 of the second relay is used to connect to the inverting output terminal TDB of the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20, the second normally open terminal 24 of the second relay is used to connect to the inverting terminal CAN_L of the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30, the first terminal A1 of the coil in the second relay is connected to the power supply voltage VCC, and the second terminal A2 of the coil in the second relay is simultaneously connected to the second control terminal of the first switching module 101 and the third terminal of the control module 103.

[0046] Specifically, when the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA0183 external device 40, the voltage difference between the RDA signal and the RDB signal is ±2~±6V. This voltage difference is insufficient to turn on the first diode D1, so the optocoupler U1 cannot be turned on. Consequently, the second terminal A2 of the coil in the first relay and the second terminal A2 of the coil in the second relay are disconnected from ground. At this time, the first common terminal 11 of the first relay is connected to the first normally closed terminal 12, and the second common terminal 21 is connected to the second normally closed terminal 22. The first common terminal 11 of the second relay is connected to the first normally closed terminal 12, and the second common terminal 21 is connected to the second normally closed terminal 22. Finally, the connection between the NMEA0183 external device 40 and the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20 is realized.

[0047] When the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA2000 external device 50, the voltage difference between the CAN_S signal and the CAN_C signal is 9V~16V. This voltage difference can break down the first diode D1, thereby turning on the optocoupler U1, which in turn grounds the second terminal A2 of the coil in the first relay and the second terminal A2 of the coil in the second relay. At this time, the first common terminal 11 of the first relay is connected to the first normally open terminal 14, and the second common terminal 21 is connected to the second normally open terminal 24. The first common terminal 11 of the second relay is connected to the first normally open terminal 14, and the second common terminal 21 is connected to the second normally open terminal 24. Finally, the connection between the NMEA2000 external device 50 and the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30 is realized.

[0048] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the automatic switching communication interface circuit 10 also includes a freewheeling module 105; the first end of the freewheeling module 105 is connected to the first end A1 of the coil in the first relay, and the second end of the freewheeling module 105 is simultaneously connected to the second end A2 of the coil in the first relay, the second end A2 of the coil in the second relay, and the third end of the control module 103. Specifically, the freewheeling module 105 is used to provide a freewheeling path for the coils in the first relay and the coils in the second relay.

[0049] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the freewheeling module 105 includes a third diode D3; the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the first terminal A1 of the coil in the first relay, and the anode of the third diode D3 is simultaneously connected to the second terminal A2 of the coil in the first relay, the second terminal A2 of the coil in the second relay, and the third terminal of the control module 103.

[0050] Specifically, the third diode D3 is used to provide a freewheeling path for the coils in the first relay and the coils in the second relay.

[0051] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, the automatic switching communication interface circuit 10 also includes a current limiting module 106; the first end of the current limiting module 106 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC, and the second end of the current limiting module 106 is simultaneously connected to the first end of the coil in the first relay and the first end of the coil in the second relay.

[0052] Specifically, the current limiting module 106 is used to limit the current flowing into the coil of the first relay and the coil of the second relay.

[0053] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 8As shown, the current limiting module 106 includes a second resistor R2; the first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is simultaneously connected to the first end of the coil in the first relay and the first end of the coil in the second relay.

[0054] Specifically, the second resistor R2 is used to limit the current flowing into the coil of the first relay and the coil of the second relay.

[0055] Figure 9 The connection relationship is shown when interface module 104 is connected to external device 40 of NMEA0183. For example... Figure 9 As shown, when the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA0183 external device 40, the voltage difference between the RDA signal and the RDB signal is ±2~±6V. This voltage difference is insufficient to turn on the first diode D1, so the optocoupler U1 cannot be turned on. Consequently, the second terminal A2 of the coil in the first relay and the second terminal A2 of the coil in the second relay are disconnected from ground. At this time, the first common terminal 11 of the first relay is connected to the first normally closed terminal 12, and the second common terminal 21 is connected to the second normally closed terminal 22. The first common terminal 11 of the second relay is connected to the first normally closed terminal 12, and the second common terminal 21 is connected to the second normally closed terminal 22. Finally, the connection between the NMEA0183 external device 40 and the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20 is realized.

[0056] Figure 10 The connection relationship is shown when the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA2000 external device 50. For example... Figure 10 As shown, when the interface module 104 is connected to the NMEA2000 external device 50, the voltage difference between the CAN_S signal and the CAN_C signal is 9V~16V. This voltage difference can break down the first diode D1, thereby turning on the optocoupler U1, and then grounding the second terminal A2 of the coil in the first relay and the second terminal A2 of the coil in the second relay. At this time, the first common terminal 11 of the first relay is connected to the first normally open terminal 14, and the second common terminal 21 is connected to the second normally open terminal 24. The first common terminal 11 of the second relay is connected to the first normally open terminal 14, and the second common terminal 21 is connected to the second normally open terminal 24. Finally, the connection between the NMEA2000 external device 50 and the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30 is realized.

[0057] In summary, when interface module 104 is connected to NMEA0183 external device 40, the voltage difference between the first and second terminals of control module 103 is small, the first diode D1 is not conducting, the optocoupler U1 is cut off, and both the first and second relays do not operate. Their common terminal is connected to the normally closed terminal, thereby connecting NMEA0183 external device 40 with NMEA0183 interface circuit 20. When interface module 104 is connected to NMEA2000 external device 50, the voltage difference between the first and second terminals of control module 103 is large, the first diode D1 breaks down and conducts, the optocoupler U1 conducts, and both the first and second relays operate. Their common terminal is connected to the normally open terminal, thereby connecting NMEA2000 external device 50 with NMEA2000 interface circuit 30. Therefore, this application can automatically identify and adapt external devices with both NMEA0183 and NMEA2000 protocols based on the differential pressure through a single interface module 104, realizing automatic switching between the NMEA0183 interface circuit 20 and the NMEA2000 interface circuit 30 without manual intervention.

[0058] This application also provides an electronic device, including the automatic switching communication interface circuit described above. Since the electronic device provided in this application adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated upon here. The electronic device is a marine electronic device.

[0059] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0060] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic switching communication interface circuit, characterized in that, It includes a first switching module, a second switching module, a control module, and an interface module. The first terminal of the interface module is connected to both the first terminal of the first switching module and the first terminal of the control module. The second terminal of the interface module is connected to both the second terminal of the first switching module and the second terminal of the control module. The third terminal of the interface module is connected to the first terminal of the second switching module, and the fourth terminal of the interface module is connected to the second terminal of the second switching module. The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth terminals of the first switching module are respectively used to connect to the non-inverting input terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the power supply terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, and the NMEA0183 interface circuit. The inverting input terminal of the interface circuit is connected to the common ground terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit. The first control terminal of the first switching module and the first control terminal of the second switching module are both connected to the power supply voltage. The second control terminal of the first switching module, the third terminal of the control module, and the second control terminal of the second switching module are interconnected. The fourth terminal of the control module is grounded. The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth terminals of the second switching module are respectively used to connect to the non-inverting output terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the non-inverting terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the inverting output terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, and the inverting terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit. The interface module is used to connect to external devices. When connecting to an NMEA0183 external device, its first to fourth terminals correspond to the non-inverting input, inverting input, non-inverting output, and inverting output terminals of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, respectively. When connecting to an NMEA2000 external device, its first to fourth terminals correspond to the power supply terminal, common ground terminal, non-inverting terminal, and inverting terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, respectively. The control module is used to control its third and fourth terminals to disconnect when the voltage difference between its first and second terminals is less than or equal to a preset voltage, so that the second control terminals of the first switching module and the second switching module are both disconnected from ground. The control module also... When the voltage difference between its first and second terminals exceeds a preset voltage, the first switching module controls its third and fourth terminals to conduct, thereby grounding both the second control terminals of the first and second switching modules. The first switching module, when its second control terminal is disconnected from ground, connects its first and third terminals and its second and fifth terminals; when its second control terminal is grounded, it connects its first and fourth terminals and its second and sixth terminals. The second switching module, when its second control terminal is disconnected from ground, connects its first and third terminals and its second and fifth terminals; when its second control terminal is grounded, it connects its first and fourth terminals and its second and sixth terminals.

2. The automatic switching communication interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes an optocoupler and a first diode; the first input terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected to both the first terminal of the interface module and the first terminal of the first switching module, the second input terminal of the optocoupler is connected to both the second terminal of the interface module and the second terminal of the first switching module, the first output terminal of the optocoupler is connected to both the second control terminal of the first switching module and the second control terminal of the second switching module, and the second output terminal of the optocoupler is grounded.

3. The automatic switching communication interface circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module further includes a first resistor; a first end of the first resistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to both the first end of the interface module and the first end of the first switching module.

4. The automatic switching communication interface circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module further includes a second diode; the cathode of the second diode is connected to both the first input terminal of the optocoupler and the anode of the first diode, and the anode of the second diode is connected to both the second input terminal of the optocoupler, the second terminal of the interface module, and the second terminal of the first switching module.

5. The automatic switching communication interface circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switching module includes a first relay; the first common terminal of the first relay is connected to both the first terminal of the interface module and the first terminal of the control module, the second common terminal of the first relay is connected to both the second terminal of the interface module and the second terminal of the control module, the first normally closed terminal of the first relay is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the first normally open terminal of the first relay is connected to the power supply terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the second normally closed terminal of the first relay is connected to the inverting input terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the second normally open terminal of the first relay is connected to the common ground terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the first terminal of the coil in the first relay is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second terminal of the coil in the first relay is connected to both the third terminal of the control module and the second control terminal of the second switching module.

6. The automatic switching communication interface circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second switching module includes a second relay; the first common terminal of the second relay is connected to the third terminal of the interface module, the second common terminal of the second relay is connected to the fourth terminal of the interface module, the first normally closed terminal of the second relay is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the first normally open terminal of the second relay is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the second normally closed terminal of the second relay is connected to the inverting output terminal of the NMEA0183 interface circuit, the second normally open terminal of the second relay is connected to the inverting output terminal of the NMEA2000 interface circuit, the first terminal of the coil in the second relay is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second terminal of the coil in the second relay is simultaneously connected to the second control terminal of the first switching module and the third terminal of the control module.

7. The automatic switching communication interface circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The automatic switching communication interface circuit also includes a freewheeling module; the first end of the freewheeling module is connected to the first end of the coil in the first relay, and the second end of the freewheeling module is simultaneously connected to the second end of the coil in the first relay, the second end of the coil in the second relay, and the third end of the control module. The freewheeling module is used to provide a freewheeling path for the coils in the first relay and the second relay.

8. The automatic switching communication interface circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The freewheeling module includes a third diode; the cathode of the third diode is connected to the first end of the coil in the first relay, and the anode of the third diode is simultaneously connected to the second end of the coil in the first relay, the second end of the coil in the second relay, and the third end of the control module.

9. The automatic switching communication interface circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The automatic switching communication interface circuit also includes a current limiting module; the first end of the current limiting module is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second end of the current limiting module is simultaneously connected to the first end of the coil in the first relay and the first end of the coil in the second relay. The current limiting module is used to limit the current flowing into the coil of the first relay and the coil of the second relay.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the automatic switching communication interface circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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