Method and device for measuring porosity and residual iron content of coke in a blast furnace hearth

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of method and equipment for measuring and calculating coke porosity and residual iron content of blast furnace hearth, and relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, specifically comprising: blast furnace is prepared to reduce material surface preparation work, iron tapping in the process of reducing material surface, the actual iron output P is counted 实际 ;After reducing material surface reaches the center line of tuyere, it is blown out, forms net molten iron layer, molten iron coke mixed layer and net coke layer, and measures material surface data from furnace top access hole using phased array radar;According to the loading table, the theoretical iron output P 理论 of blast furnace is calculated, the difference P between actual iron output and theoretical iron output is obtained, and the net molten iron layer volume V 净 is calculated according to measured data and blast furnace type data;According to the theoretical calculation formula of difference P and the net molten iron layer volume V 净 obtained by solving, the coke porosity ε of hearth and residual iron content P 残 are calculated, the present application measures the porosity of coke in hearth and bottom, obtains the slag iron content contained in hearth and bottom, and provides data support for the formulation of iron tapping system in daily production of blast furnace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, and more specifically, to a method and equipment for measuring the porosity of coke and the amount of residual iron in the blast furnace hearth. Background Technology

[0002] Blast furnace ironmaking is a continuous smelting process in a closed, high-temperature vertical reactor where iron ore is reduced to liquid pig iron by the heat and reducing agent provided by coke combustion. Inside the furnace, there is a counter-current movement from top to bottom, with the furnace charge descending and the gas rising, completing a series of physicochemical reactions such as reduction, melting, and slag-iron separation in the high-temperature zone.

[0003] In the hearth and bottom areas of the blast furnace, coke is immersed in molten iron and slag. The coke skeleton and the molten slag and iron fill and are in close contact with each other. The gaps between coke particles are fully filled by high-temperature molten iron and slag, forming a dense state of solid-liquid coexistence. Coke acts as a skeleton supporting the lower part of the hearth. The gaps between the particles are narrow and interconnected. Molten iron slowly permeates, collects, and flows in the gaps of the coke. The interface between the slag-iron phase and the coke solid phase is clear. The gaps are filled with high-temperature molten medium, and heat and mass transfer is sufficient. The overall state is stable, dense, and permeable, which not only ensures the smooth collection of slag and iron but also maintains good air permeability and liquid permeability, ensuring the safe and stable working state of the hearth and bottom.

[0004] The hearth, as the core reaction and iron storage area of ​​the blast furnace, is located at the bottom of the furnace. Coke consumption is highest in the tuyeres' swirling zone, while at the front of the swirling zone, a region in the center of the blast furnace forms where coke is replaced very slowly. This region, called the dead coke pile, is considered cone-shaped with a relatively dense surface structure. The hearth bottom has the following characteristics: ① Molten iron and slag are stored in the gaps between the coke blocks in the hearth. ② Solid coke is pressed to the bottom by the gravity of the charge. ③ The coke "dead coke pile" is a cone-shaped coke layer located below the softening zone and the active coke zone; the coke here originates from the coke added from the center of the blast furnace. ④ This coke is not or only minimally affected by CO2 erosion, and its consumption rate is very low.

[0005] The porosity of coke in the hearth and bottom region of a blast furnace determines the amount of slag and iron that the hearth can hold, playing a crucial role in the formulation of the blast furnace tapping system. As the core supporting framework of the lower part of the hearth, the porosity of coke under normal, natural stacking conditions can be measured using various methods. It is generally believed that the porosity between coke particles in the upper blocky zone of the blast furnace is maintained at 40%–45% under normal conditions, and can reach about 50% under good operating conditions. However, the conditions in the hearth and bottom region are significantly different: firstly, the coke in the hearth and bottom region undergoes degradation during descent, resulting in a significant reduction in particle size; secondly, the coke column in the hearth and bottom region experiences high pressure and a high compression ratio. Therefore, the porosity of coke in the hearth and bottom region is much lower than that in the upper part of the blast furnace. Traditional methods can only measure the porosity of coke under natural stacking conditions (45-50%), and cannot measure the porosity under hearth and bottom conditions, thus failing to accurately calculate the amount of slag and iron that the hearth and bottom can hold. The industry believes that the porosity of the hearth under condition differs significantly from that under natural condition (estimated to be 20-30%), but traditional measurement methods are not very accurate in detecting the porosity of coke in this area. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and equipment for measuring the porosity of coke and the amount of residual iron in the hearth of a blast furnace, thereby measuring the porosity of the hearth bottom under working conditions and thus accurately calculating the amount of slag and iron that the hearth bottom can hold.

[0007] The embodiments of this application are implemented as follows: This application provides a method for measuring the porosity of coke and residual iron content in a blast furnace hearth, characterized by the following steps: Step a: Prepare the blast furnace for lowering the charge level. Tap iron during the process of lowering the charge level to the tuyeres, and record the actual iron output P. 实际 ; Step b: After the material level reaches the center line of the tuyeres, the air is stopped, forming a clean molten iron layer, a molten iron and coke mixed layer, and a clean coke layer. The material level data is measured by phased-array radar through the inspection hole on the top of the furnace. Step c: Calculate the theoretical iron output P of the blast furnace based on the charging schedule. 理论 The difference between the actual iron output and the theoretical iron output was obtained. P, calculate the net iron bed volume V based on the measured data and blast furnace type data. 净 ; Step d, based on the difference The theoretical calculation formula for P, and the net iron molten layer volume V obtained by solving. 净 The coke porosity ε and residual iron content P in the hearth were calculated. 残 .

[0008] In some alternative implementations, the material level preparation work in step a includes changing the mix ratio, increasing the coke ratio, replacing damaged tuyeres, welding and repairing cracked furnace lining, making a deep probe, and preparing artificial gas equipment.

[0009] In some alternative implementations, the material level data in step b includes the top cone height H1 of the net coke layer and the stack angle α.

[0010] In some optional implementations, the blast furnace type data in step c includes the height H2 of the net coke layer corresponding to the dead material column in the blast furnace, the height H3 of the molten iron and coke mixed layer corresponding to the dead material column in the blast furnace, and the bottom cone height H4 of the molten iron and coke mixed layer.

[0011] In some alternative implementations, the net molten iron layer volume V in step c 净 The calculation formula is as follows: V 净 =S×H FP -(S×H4) / 3 In the formula, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the hearth, and H is... FP This refers to the height of the net iron layer at the bottom of the furnace. Based on the principle that the buoyancy of each mass point at a radial position in the blast furnace hearth equals the weight of the coke in that region, the following geometric relationship exists: H1 / H4 = H2 / H3 = (H1 + H2) / (H3 + H4) =( ρ 铁 -ρ 焦 ) / ρ 焦 Based on the above geometric relationships, we can conclude that: H4=( H1×ρ 焦 ) / ( ρ 铁 -ρ 焦 ) Height H of net iron layer at the bottom of the furnace FP The calculation formula is as follows: H FP = H 风底 -( H2 + H3) H2= H 风铁 + H 开口垂深 In the formula, H 风底 H is the distance between the tuyeres and the furnace bottom. 风铁 H is the distance between the iron tap and the air outlet. 开口垂深 ρ represents the vertical depth achieved by the opening machine. 铁 Let ρ be the density of molten iron. 焦 The density of coke; H3 is calculated based on its geometric relationship with H2, yielding the net iron layer volume V. 净 After calculating the values ​​of all parameters in the formula, V is obtained. 净 .

[0012] In some alternative implementations, the net molten iron layer volume V in step c 净 This is a theoretical value. In reality, the blast furnace bottom will experience some erosion. If the erosion volume is V... 侵 The actual value of the net iron layer volume is: V' 净 =V 净 +V 侵 .

[0013] In some alternative implementations, the difference described in step d The theoretical formula for calculating P is as follows: P= V' 净 ×(1-ε)×ρ 铁 Difference in the formula P, the actual value of the net iron water layer volume V' 净 and ρ 铁 All values ​​are known; by substituting them into the above formula, the porosity ε of the coke in the hearth can be calculated.

[0014] In some alternative implementations, the residual iron amount P in step d is... 残 The calculation formula is as follows: P 残 = V' 净 ×ρ 铁 +V 混 ×ρ 铁 ×ε In the formula V 混 The volume of the dead stock in the hot-coke mixture layer is as follows: V 混 =S×H3+(S×H4) / 3.

[0015] In some alternative implementations, the material level reduction process in step a includes: stopping the feeding, controlling the furnace top temperature by spraying water on the furnace top while burning the material column in the blower, recovering the gas and gradually reducing the airflow, so that the material level is steadily reduced to the tuyeres area.

[0016] A device, characterized in that it includes at least one processor, said at least one processor being connected to... At least one memory is coupled, and the at least one processor is configured to read a program stored in the at least one memory to execute the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This invention provides a method and equipment for measuring the porosity of coke in the hearth and the amount of residual iron in a blast furnace. By measuring the porosity of the coke in the hearth and bottom under normal operating conditions, the amount of slag and iron contained in the hearth and bottom can be obtained, which facilitates the formulation of production and iron tapping systems and process parameters for blast furnaces. At the same time, it can provide data support for the shutdown and residual iron discharge plan or the calculation of the heat balance of blast after blast furnace shutdown and maintenance. If the maintenance does not involve the hearth and bottom and the residual iron is not discharged, the amount of iron in the blast furnace can be calculated, providing important data for the calculation of the heat balance of blast after blast furnace shutdown and maintenance, thereby selecting a reasonable coke ratio for blast furnace startup. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the state distribution inside the hearth after the blast furnace feed surface reaches the tuyeres, according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0023] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The features and performance of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0025] This application utilizes the opportunity of the blast furnace charge level dropping to the tuyere to calculate the porosity and residual iron content of the coke. Blast furnace charge level dropping refers to the process where the blast furnace stops charging, continues to send air to burn the coke inside, and gradually lowers the charge level from the normal charge line to near the tuyere / hearth, preparing for shutdown maintenance, addressing thick build-up, and replacing the furnace lining. The core of this process is safe temperature control, prevention of gas explosions, and maximizing gas recovery.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, after the blast furnace charge level drops to the tuyeres, the blast furnace charge becomes lighter. Due to the high specific gravity of molten iron, the coke is no longer at the bottom due to the greater buoyancy of the molten iron, forming a clean molten iron layer (the area surrounded by PQGSF), a molten iron and coke mixed layer (the area surrounded by GSFED), and a clean coke layer (the area surrounded by DEBAC). Among them, BC is the tuyeres centerline, ED is the molten iron level line, and PQ is the furnace bottom line. The stratification law of the state of the material column caused by the buoyancy of the material column is as follows: (1) The actual amount of iron produced during the process of lowering the material surface of the blast furnace is necessarily less than the theoretical amount of iron produced. This difference is due to the molten iron sinking to the bottom of the blast furnace, the buoyancy lifting the coke at the bottom of the furnace, the molten iron filling, and forming a clean iron layer; (2) The vertical stratification height of each radial mass unit at the bottom of the blast furnace hearth follows the buoyancy of each point lifting the weight of the material column in each area. Therefore, the upper surface of the material surface is a positive cone because the coke stack angle is positive, and the part soaked in molten iron is an inverted cone because of the weight of the material column; (3) The uppermost cone size of the material surface (including the natural stack angle and the height of the material surface) is measured by phased radar after the material surface is lowered.

[0027] This method is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1: Prepare the blast furnace by adjusting the feed level, including changing the mix ratio, increasing the coke ratio, replacing damaged tuyeres, welding and repairing cracked furnace lining, fabricating a deep probe, and preparing artificial gas equipment. Tap the iron during the process of lowering the feed level to the tuyeres, and record the actual iron output P. 实际 .

[0028] Step 2: After the material level reaches the center line of the tuyeres, the air is stopped, forming a clean iron layer, a mixed iron and coke layer, and a clean coke layer. The material level data is measured from the inspection hole on the top of the furnace using phased radar, including the height H1 of the top cone of the clean coke layer and the stacking angle α.

[0029] Step 3: Calculate the theoretical iron output P of the blast furnace based on the charging schedule. 理论 The difference between the actual iron output and the theoretical iron output was obtained. P, calculate the net iron bed volume V based on the measured data and blast furnace type data. 净 The details are as follows: V 净 =S×H FP -(S×H4) / 3 In the formula, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the hearth, and H is... FP This refers to the height of the net iron layer at the bottom of the furnace. Based on the principle that the buoyancy of each mass point at a radial position in the blast furnace hearth equals the weight of the coke in that region, the following geometric relationship exists: H1 / H4 = H2 / H3 = (H1 + H2) / (H3 + H4) =( ρ 铁 -ρ 焦 ) / ρ 焦 Based on the above geometric relationships, we can conclude that: H4=( H1×ρ 焦 ) / ( ρ 铁 -ρ 焦 ) Height H of net iron layer at the bottom of the furnace FP The calculation formula is as follows: H FP = H 风底 -( H2 + H3) H2= H 风铁 + H 开口垂深 In the formula, H 风底 H is the distance between the tuyeres and the furnace bottom. 风铁 H is the distance between the iron tap and the air outlet. 开口垂深 ρ represents the vertical depth achieved by the opening machine. 铁 Let ρ be the density of molten iron. 焦 This refers to the density of coke.

[0030] H3 is calculated based on its geometric relationship with H2, yielding the net iron layer volume V. 净 After calculating the values ​​of all parameters in the formula, V is obtained. 净 .

[0031] In reality, the bottom of a blast furnace may experience some erosion. If the erosion volume is V... 侵 The actual value of the net iron layer volume is: V' 净 =V 净 +V 侵 .

[0032] Step 4: Based on the difference The theoretical calculation formula for P, and the net iron molten layer volume V obtained by solving. 净 The coke porosity ε and residual iron content P in the hearth were calculated. 残 The details are as follows: Difference The theoretical formula for calculating P is as follows: P= V' 净 ×(1-ε)×ρ 铁 Difference in the formula P, the actual value of the net iron water layer volume V' 净 and ρ 铁 All values ​​are known; by substituting them into the above formula, the porosity ε of the coke in the hearth can be calculated.

[0033] In some alternative implementations, the residual iron amount P in step d is... 残 The calculation formula is as follows: P 残 = V' 净 ×ρ 铁 +V 混 ×ρ 铁 ×ε In the formula V 混 The volume of the dead stock in the hot-coke mixture layer is as follows: V 混 =S×H3+(S×H4) / 3.

[0034] Example 1 A certain blast furnace has an effective volume of 1800m³ 3 The hearth height is 4.2m, the dead iron layer height at the bottom is 2.05m, the total number of tuyeres is 26, the hearth radius is 9.8m, and the hearth cross-sectional area is 75.4m². 2 The distance between the tuyeres and the taphole is 3.4m, and the distance between the tuyeres and the furnace bottom is 5.45m. The vertical height of the taphole reaching the furnace before and after the charge level is lowered and the furnace is shut down is 0.7m. The density of molten iron is 7.0t / m³. 3 The true density of coke is 1.0 t / m³. 3 The blast furnace was shut down for major repairs, with the burden level lowered, and residual iron released.

[0035] The steps for calculating hearth porosity and residual iron content are as follows: The first step is to prepare the blast furnace by lowering the charge level. During the lowering process, iron is tapped and the actual amount of iron tapped is recorded. The theoretical iron output of the charge column is calculated to be 900 tons, while the actual iron output is 680 tons.

[0036] The second step is to lower the material level to the center line of the tuyeres and then stop the ventilation, allowing the top temperature to gradually and naturally decrease. The gas system is then handled according to gas safety regulations. After ensuring the gas safety at the furnace top, the furnace top inspection port is opened. The material level data is measured using phased-array radar through the furnace top inspection port. For example... Figure 1 The cone height H1 = 2.85m, and the coke stack angle α = 31° inside the blast furnace.

[0037] Step 3: Calculate based on the measured data and the furnace type itself: 1) Calculate the theoretical iron output of the blast furnace according to the charging schedule, and the difference between the actual iron output and the theoretical iron output. P = 220 tons; 2) Calculate the furnace bottom erosion volume V based on relevant data from the blast furnace hearth erosion model. 侵 =5m 3 ; 3) Calculate H2 based on the blast furnace type data. H2 = distance between the center line of the tuyere and the center line of the taphole + height difference (vertical depth of the taphole) caused by the tapping angle of the tapping machine. That is, H2 = 3.4m + 0.7m = 4.1m. 4) According to the equation H1 / H4=H2 / H3=(H1+H2) / (H3+H4)=(ρ 铁 -ρ 焦 ) / ρ 焦 Calculate H3 = 0.68m and H4 = 0.48m; 5) Calculate the net iron layer at the bottom of the blast furnace (H). FP H FP =Distance between tuyeres and furnace bottom - H2 - H3 = 5.45 - 4.1 - 0.68 = 0.67m; 6) Calculate the volume of the net iron layer and the coke-molten iron mixing layer: According to V' 净 =S×H FP -(S×H4) / 3+ V 侵 Calculate V' 净 ; V' 净 =75.4 0.67-75.4 0.48 / 3 + 5 = 43.45m 3 ; V 混 =S×H3+(S×H4) / 3=75.4 0.68 + 75.4 0.48 / 3 = 87.7m 3 ; 7) Finally, calculate the porosity and residual iron content: According to the equation P= V' 净 ×(1-ε)×ρ 铁 The porosity ε was calculated to be 0.28 = 28%. According to P 残 = V' 净 ×ρ 铁 +V 混 ×ρ 铁 Calculate ×ε, P 残 = 43.5 7+87.7 0.28 7 = 476.4 tons.

[0038] Based on the calculated residual iron content, after the blast furnace discharges 450 tons of residual iron, the residual iron is basically discharged, the discharge of residual iron is stopped, and the next construction procedure begins.

[0039] Example 2 A certain blast furnace has an effective volume of 3700m³. 3 The hearth is 5m high, the dead iron layer at the bottom is 2.2m high, there are 36 tuyeres, the hearth radius is 13.4m, the hearth cross-sectional area is 140.9m², the distance between the tuyeres and the taphole is 4.2m, the distance between the tuyeres and the bottom is 6.55m, and the vertical height of the taphole reaching the furnace before and after the charge level is lowered and the furnace is shut down is 0.8m. The density of molten iron is 7.0t / m³. 3 The true density of coke is 1.0 t / m³. 3 The blast furnace is shut down for maintenance with the burden level lowered, and no residual iron is discharged. The steps for calculating the hearth porosity and residual iron content are as follows.

[0040] The first step is to prepare the blast furnace by lowering the charge level. During the lowering process, iron is tapped and the actual amount of iron tapped is recorded. The theoretical iron tapping amount of the charge column is calculated to be 1780 tons, while the actual iron tapping amount is 1390 tons.

[0041] The second step is to lower the material level to the center line of the tuyeres and then stop the blast furnace, allowing the top temperature to gradually and naturally decrease. The gas system is then handled according to gas safety regulations. After ensuring gas safety at the furnace top, the furnace top inspection port is opened. The material level data is measured using phased-array radar through the furnace top inspection port. The cone height H1 = 3.87m, and the coke's angle of repose within the blast furnace α = 30°.

[0042] Step 3: Calculate based on the measured data and the furnace type itself: 1) Calculate the theoretical iron output of the blast furnace according to the charging schedule, and the difference between the actual iron output and the theoretical iron output. P = 390 tons; 2) Based on relevant data from the blast furnace hearth erosion model, the erosion volume at the furnace bottom, V_erosion, is calculated to be 5m³. 3 ; 3) Based on H2 = distance between the center line of the tuyere and the center line of the taphole (4.2m) + height difference (vertical depth of the taphole) caused by the tapping angle of the tapping machine (0.8m), we can conclude that H2 = 5m; 4) According to the equation H1 / H4=H2 / H3=(H1+H2) / (H3+H4)=(ρ 铁 -ρ 焦 ) / ρ 焦 Calculate H3 = 0.83m and H4 = 0.64m; 5) Calculate H FP = Distance between tuyeres and furnace bottom - H2 - H3, H FP =6.55-5-0.83=0.72m; 6) According to V' 净 =S×HFP -(S×H4) / 3+ V 侵 Calculate V' 净 ; V' 净 ==140.9 0.72-140.9 0.64 / 3 + 5 = 76.3m 3 ; V 混 =S×H3+(S×H4) / 3=140.9 0.83 + 140.9 0.64 / 3 = 147m 3 ; 7) Finally, calculate the porosity and residual iron content: According to the equation P= V' 净 ×(1-ε)×ρ 铁 The porosity ε was calculated to be 0.27 = 27%. According to P 残 = V' 净 ×ρ 铁 +V 混 ×ρ 铁 Calculate ×ε, P 残 = 76.3 7+147 0.27 7 = 811 tons.

[0043] Based on the calculation results, the residual iron content was taken into account when calculating the coke ratio for subsequent blast furnace restart, providing data for blast furnace recovery.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the porosity of coke and residual iron content in a blast furnace hearth, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step a: Prepare the blast furnace for lowering the charge level. Tap iron during the process of lowering the charge level to the tuyeres, and record the actual iron output P. 实际 ; Step b: After the material level reaches the center line of the tuyeres, the air is stopped, forming a clean molten iron layer, a molten iron and coke mixed layer, and a clean coke layer. The material level data is measured by phased-array radar through the inspection hole on the top of the furnace. Step c: Calculate the theoretical iron output P of the blast furnace based on the charging schedule. 理论 The difference between the actual iron output and the theoretical iron output was obtained. P, calculate the net iron bed volume V based on the measured data and blast furnace type data. 净 ; Step d, based on the difference The theoretical calculation formula for P, and the net iron molten layer volume V obtained by solving. 净 The coke porosity ε and residual iron content P in the hearth were calculated. 残 .

2. The method for measuring the coke porosity and residual iron content in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation work for lowering the material level in step a includes changing the mix ratio, increasing the coke ratio, replacing damaged tuyeres, welding and repairing cracked furnace skin, making a deep probe, and preparing artificial gas equipment.

3. A method for measuring the porosity of coke and residual iron content in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The material surface data mentioned in step b includes the top cone height H1 of the net coke layer and the stack angle α.

4. The method for measuring the coke porosity and residual iron content in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blast furnace type data mentioned in step c includes the height H2 of the net coke layer corresponding to the dead material column in the blast furnace, the height H3 of the molten iron and coke mixed layer corresponding to the dead material column in the blast furnace, and the bottom cone height H4 of the molten iron and coke mixed layer.

5. The method for measuring the coke porosity and residual iron content in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 4, characterized in that, The volume V of the net molten iron layer mentioned in step c 净 The calculation formula is as follows: In 净 =S×H FP -(S×H4) / 3 In the formula, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the hearth, and H is... FP This refers to the height of the net iron layer at the bottom of the furnace. Based on the principle that the buoyancy of each mass point at a radial position in the blast furnace hearth equals the weight of the coke in that region, the following geometric relationship exists: H1 / H4 = H2 / H3 = (H1 + H2) / (H3 + H4) =( p 铁 -r 焦 ) / p 焦 Based on the above geometric relationships, we can conclude that: H4=( H1×ρ 焦 ) / ( p 铁 -r 焦 ) Height H of net iron layer at the bottom of the furnace FP The calculation formula is as follows: H FP = H 风底 -( H2+ H3) H2= H 风铁 + H 开口垂深 In the formula, H 风底 H is the distance between the tuyeres and the furnace bottom. 风铁 H is the distance between the iron tap and the air outlet. 开口垂深 ρ represents the vertical depth achieved by the opening machine. 铁 Let ρ be the density of molten iron. 焦 The density of coke; H3 is calculated based on its geometric relationship with H2, yielding the net iron layer volume V. 净 After calculating the values ​​of all parameters in the formula, V is obtained. 净 .

6. The method for measuring the coke porosity and residual iron content in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 5, characterized in that, The volume V of the net molten iron layer mentioned in step c 净 This is a theoretical value. In reality, the blast furnace bottom will experience some erosion. If the erosion volume is V... 侵 The actual value of the net iron layer volume is: V' 净 =V 净 +V 侵 。 7. The method for measuring the coke porosity and residual iron content in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 6, characterized in that, The difference mentioned in step d The theoretical formula for calculating P is as follows: P= V' 净 ×(1-e)×r 铁 Difference in the formula P, the actual value of the net iron water layer volume V' 净 and ρ 铁 All values ​​are known; by substituting them into the above formula, the porosity ε of the coke in the hearth can be calculated.

8. The method for measuring the coke porosity and residual iron content in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 7, characterized in that, The residual iron amount P mentioned in step d 残 The calculation formula is as follows: P 残 = V' 净 ×ρ 铁 +V 混 ×ρ 铁 ×ε In the formula V 混 The volume of the dead stock in the hot-coke mixture layer is as follows: In 混 =S×H3+(S×H4) / 3.

9. A method for measuring the porosity of coke and residual iron content in a blast furnace hearth according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, The process of lowering the material level in step a includes: stopping the feeding, controlling the furnace top temperature by spraying water on the furnace top while burning the material column in the blower, recovering the gas and gradually reducing the airflow, so that the material level can be steadily lowered to the tuyeres area.

10. A device, characterized in that, Includes at least one processor, said at least one processor and At least one memory is coupled, and the at least one processor is configured to read a program stored in the at least one memory to execute the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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