Main power distribution network fault recording multi-source atlas intelligent comparison and recognition diagnosis method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of pre-diagnosis and health management, in particular to a main and distribution network fault recording multi-source graph intelligent comparison and recognition diagnosis method, comprising the following steps: obtaining fault time interval recording, protection action recording, switch state recording and primary connection relationship, determining state change events and event occurrence sequence, generating candidate fault event paths according to the primary connection relationship and the event occurrence sequence, constructing a current fault subgraph and matching with historical fault subgraphs, determining conflict events and reverse tracing when the multi-source recording relationship is inconsistent, redefining the event range and matching again, and determining the fault type and associated equipment. The present application constrains the fault path by event correlation and electrical connection relationship and event occurrence sequence, so that the recording information, protection action and switch state participate in the fault process comparison, and the matching range is redefined by reverse tracing, thereby reducing the influence of local recording differences on fault determination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pre-diagnosis and health management technology, and in particular to a method for intelligent comparison and identification diagnosis of multi-source fault waveforms in main distribution networks. Background Technology

[0002] The field of pre-diagnosis and health management technology mainly focuses on the continuous analysis of the status changes of equipment or systems during operation. Its basic process is to first obtain monitoring records that can reflect the operating status, then combine historical status and event processes to determine the current stage of the status, and use the judgment results as the basis for subsequent diagnosis and treatment.

[0003] Among them, the traditional main and distribution network fault waveform multi-source spectrum intelligent comparison and identification diagnostic method refers to the method of associating and identifying the waveform information formed when a fault occurs in the main network and distribution network. Typically, the fault waveform recording device records the voltage and current waveforms before and after the fault, the protection device records the protection action process, and the monitoring terminal records the switch status and corresponding time. Then, the fault process is organized according to the electrical connection relationship between the equipment and the time correspondence of each record. The waveform changes formed by the fault are compared with the wiring relationship and the existing fault records. The fault type and corresponding equipment are determined based on the waveform change position, the sequence of protection actions, and the connection position of the faulty equipment.

[0004] Traditional fault diagnosis in main and distribution networks relies on correlation judgment based on waveform changes, the sequence of protection actions, switch status, and primary wiring relationships. However, waveform records, protection action records, and switch status records are generated by different devices. When there are differences in the granularity and time base of the records, the correspondence between the records depends on a single time matching. Electrical connection relationships and event sequence relationships are difficult to participate in the same judgment process simultaneously. When inconsistencies occur in local records, the comparison process is limited in its expression of the fault propagation process, and the determination of fault type and corresponding equipment is easily affected by differences in local records. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault waveform maps in main distribution networks. Addressing the differences in data format, recording sequence, and equipment correspondence among fault waveform records, protection action records, and switch status records, this method converts fault information from different sources into state change events with equipment and time associations. It then combines primary wiring relationships to form candidate fault event paths. Through structural matching between the current fault sub-map and historical fault sub-maps, and consistency verification between multi-source information, it reverse-tracks and re-matches events with conflicting relationships. This allows the fault diagnosis process to revolve around electrical connection relationships, the sequence of events, and the correspondence between events and equipment, thereby determining the fault type and associated equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a method for intelligent comparison and diagnostic identification of multi-source fault recordings in main distribution networks, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Acquire waveform recordings generated by the fault recording device, protection action records generated by the protection device, and switch status records generated by the monitoring terminal within the fault time interval, and read the primary wiring relationship; based on the fault time interval, determine state change events from the waveform recordings, protection action records, and switch status records respectively, establish the association between the state change events and the corresponding electrical equipment, determine the waveform anomaly location, protection action object, and switch status change location based on the association, and determine the chronological order of the events; generate candidate fault event paths based on the primary wiring relationship and the chronological order of the events; construct the current fault based on the candidate fault event paths. The system generates a subgraph of faults and performs structural matching between the current fault subgraph and historical fault subgraphs in the historical fault spectrum. When the abnormal location of the waveform, the object of protection action, and the location of the switch state change satisfy the corresponding relationship of the equipment, the order of action, and the path position relationship, the matching result is retained. When any of the above relationships are not satisfied, a conflict event is identified and reverse correction is performed. The reverse correction includes tracing along the path of the candidate fault event towards the fault initiation direction, redefining the range of events participating in the matching, reconstructing the current fault subgraph based on the redefined range of events, and performing structural matching again. The fault type and associated equipment are determined based on the retained matching result or the matching result obtained from the re-structural matching.

[0008] Further, the determination of the state change event includes: determining the waveform change position in the waveform recording within the fault time interval, and determining the event corresponding to the waveform change position as a waveform recording event; determining the protection action time in the protection action record, and determining the event corresponding to the protection action time as a protection action event; determining the switch state change time in the switch state record, and determining the event corresponding to the switch state change time as a switch state event; establishing associations between the waveform recording event, the protection action event, and the switch state event and the electrical equipment that generated the corresponding record; determining the location of the electrical equipment associated with the waveform recording event as the waveform recording abnormal location, determining the electrical equipment associated with the protection action event as the protection action object, and determining the location of the electrical equipment associated with the switch state event as the switch state change location.

[0009] Furthermore, determining the order of events includes: sorting the occurrence times of the waveform recording event, the protection action event, and the switch status event according to their respective occurrence times; when the occurrence times of different events have a distinguishable temporal order within the fault time interval, the corresponding sorting result is determined as the order of events; when the occurrence times of different events do not have a distinguishable temporal order, the association between the corresponding event and the electrical equipment is retained, but no temporal association is established between the corresponding events.

[0010] Further, the generation of the candidate fault event path includes: determining the electrical connection relationship between the electrical devices corresponding to each state change event based on the primary wiring relationship; establishing a path association for the state change events that have the electrical connection relationship and whose event occurrence sequence satisfies the sequential relationship; when the electrical devices corresponding to adjacent state change events do not have the electrical connection relationship, or the event occurrence sequence does not satisfy the sequential relationship, terminating the extension of the corresponding path direction, and forming the candidate fault event path from the state change events that satisfy the electrical connection relationship and whose event occurrence sequence satisfies the sequential relationship.

[0011] Furthermore, the construction of the current fault subgraph includes: identifying electrical devices in the candidate fault event path as device nodes, identifying state change events associated with each electrical device as event nodes; establishing electrical connection relationships between the device nodes based on the primary wiring relationship, establishing temporal relationships between the event nodes based on the order of event occurrence, and establishing attribution relationships between the event nodes and the device nodes based on the association between the state change events and the corresponding electrical devices; the current fault subgraph is jointly defined by the electrical connection relationships, the temporal relationships, and the attribution relationships.

[0012] Further, the structural matching of the current fault subgraph and the historical fault subgraph includes: determining the device structure correspondence according to the electrical connection relationship between the device nodes, determining the event sequence correspondence according to the temporal relationship between the event nodes, and determining the event device correspondence according to the affiliation relationship between the event nodes and the device nodes; when the device structure correspondence, the event sequence correspondence, and the event device correspondence all satisfy the correspondence in the historical fault subgraph, the matching result is formed; when any of the correspondences is not satisfied, the corresponding historical fault subgraph is excluded from the matching result.

[0013] Furthermore, the consistency verification of the abnormal waveform location, the protection action object, and the switch state change location includes: determining the equipment correspondence between the electrical equipment corresponding to the abnormal waveform location and the protection action object based on the primary wiring relationship; determining the action sequence relationship between the event corresponding to the protection action object and the event corresponding to the abnormal waveform location based on the event occurrence sequence relationship; and determining whether the switch state change location is located within the candidate fault event path; when the equipment correspondence, the action sequence relationship, and the path position relationship all satisfy the corresponding candidate fault event path, the corresponding matching result is retained; when any of the relationships is not satisfied, the corresponding event is determined as the conflict event.

[0014] Furthermore, the reverse correction corresponding to the conflict event includes: determining the position of the conflict event in the candidate fault event path, and tracing back step by step along the candidate fault event path towards the fault initiation direction to the state change events that have temporal correlation and electrical connection with the conflict event; re-checking the traced state change events with the corresponding records in the waveform recording, the protection action record, and the switch status record; when the correspondence is satisfied, including the corresponding state change event in the redefined event range; when the correspondence is not satisfied, excluding the corresponding state change event; reconstructing the current fault subgraph based on the redefined event range and performing structural matching again.

[0015] Further, the determination of the fault type and associated device includes: mapping the retained matching results or the matching results formed by re-structural matching to the historical fault subgraphs in the historical fault map, and determining the candidate fault type and candidate associated device corresponding to each matching result; when multiple matching results correspond to the same candidate fault type and point to the same candidate associated device, the corresponding candidate fault type and candidate associated device are determined as the fault type and associated device; when the candidate fault type or candidate associated device of multiple matching results is inconsistent, the matching results are screened out according to the structural correspondence rate calculated based on the number of corresponding quantities of electrical connection relationship of device nodes, timing relationship of event nodes and attribution relationship between event nodes and device nodes, the matching result with the highest structural correspondence rate is retained, and the fault type and associated device are determined according to the retained matching results.

[0016] Furthermore, the construction of the historical fault map includes: reading historical fault records with determined fault types and faulty equipment from a preset storage space; extracting the waveform recording events, protection action events, and switch status events according to the historical fault time intervals corresponding to the historical fault records; establishing the association between each event and the corresponding electrical equipment; establishing the electrical connection relationship between equipment nodes based on the primary wiring relationship corresponding to the occurrence of the historical fault; establishing the temporal relationship between event nodes based on the order of occurrence of each event; and establishing the attribution relationship between the event node and the equipment node based on the association between each event and the corresponding electrical equipment; forming the historical fault sub-graph from the equipment node, the event node, the electrical connection relationship, the temporal relationship, and the attribution relationship; and establishing the association between the historical fault sub-graph and the corresponding fault type and faulty equipment to form the historical fault map.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] This invention extracts state change events from waveform records, protection action records, and switch status records within the same fault time interval, and establishes the association between state change events and electrical equipment, enabling records from different sources to participate in diagnosis with a unified event relationship. Candidate fault event paths are generated based on primary wiring relationships and the order of event occurrence, and then the current fault subgraph is constructed and structurally matched with historical fault subgraphs, allowing temporal and electrical connection relationships to jointly participate in fault judgment. When the relationship between multiple source records does not meet the consistency condition, the event range is redefined by identifying conflicting events and tracing back, which reduces the interference of local record differences on the determination of fault type and associated equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall data relationship for fault recording multi-source spectrum diagnosis of the main distribution network;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between state change events and electrical equipment, and the sequence of events;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between candidate fault event paths and the current fault subgraph.

[0023] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural matching and consistency verification between the current fault subgraph and the historical fault subgraph.

[0024] Figure 5 A diagram illustrating the reverse tracing of conflict events and the redefinition of the event scope;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the correspondence between the matching results, fault types, and associated devices. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following detailed implementation method, based on the technical solution and scope of protection text described in this invention, illustrates the feasible process of the intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault waveform recordings in the main distribution network. Waveform recordings refer to the voltage and current waveform records generated by the fault waveform recording device within the fault time interval; protection action records refer to the protection actions and their timing generated by the protection device within the fault time interval; switch status records refer to the switch status and its change timing generated by the monitoring terminal within the fault time interval; primary wiring relationships are used to represent the electrical connection relationships between the electrical equipment participating in this fault analysis. State change events are events determined from the above-mentioned different source records and that can be associated with the corresponding electrical equipment, including waveform recording events, protection action events, and switch status events. Candidate fault event paths are formed by organizing state change events that satisfy electrical connection relationships and event occurrence sequences according to the connection relationships between the corresponding electrical equipment. The current fault subgraph represents the equipment nodes, event nodes, and their electrical connections, timing relationships, and attribution relationships involved in the current fault. The historical fault subgraph uses a relationship representation method corresponding to the current fault subgraph and is constructed from historical fault records of fault types and faulty equipment that have been determined. The matching result represents the intermediate result after the current fault subgraph and the historical fault subgraph have formed a correspondence in terms of equipment structure relationships, event sequence relationships, and event-equipment relationships. The fault type and associated equipment are the diagnostic results formed after completing consistency checks and necessary reverse corrections.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 6This embodiment provides an intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault waveform maps in a main distribution network. In this embodiment, a fault process with a defined fault time interval is used as the current processing object. The waveform records generated by the fault recording device, the protection action records generated by the protection device, and the switch status records generated by the monitoring terminal are used as multi-source inputs. The primary wiring relationships corresponding to the electrical equipment involved in the multi-source inputs are read. During processing, complete records from different sources are not directly used as independent final judgment criteria. Instead, events that can characterize state changes are first identified from each record. Then, a correspondence between events and electrical equipment is established, and the primary wiring relationships and the order of event occurrences are used to limit events that can enter the same candidate fault event path. The candidate fault event path is further converted into the current fault sub-graph and structurally matched with the historical fault graph established from historical fault records. After the structural matching results are obtained, consistency verification is performed on the waveform anomaly location, protection action object, and switch status change location. When the correspondence is not satisfied, the range of events participating in the matching is traced back through the location of the conflicting event, and the current fault sub-graph is reconstructed. The fault type and associated equipment are then determined based on the retained matching results or the results obtained from the rematch. The specific steps are as follows.

[0028] S1: Obtain the waveform recordings generated by the fault recording device, the protection action records generated by the protection device, and the switch status records generated by the monitoring terminal within the fault time interval, and read the wiring relationship once.

[0029] The fault time interval serves as the common time range for multi-source records during this processing. For waveform recordings, only the records whose times fall within the fault time interval and are used to represent changes in voltage and current states before and after the fault are read. For protection action records, the protection actions falling within the fault time interval and their corresponding action times are read. For switch status records, the switch status falling within the fault time interval and their corresponding status change times are read. This ensures that subsequent waveform recordings, protection action records, and switch status records all correspond to the same fault process, avoiding the inclusion of events from different fault processes into the same graph construction.

[0030] The primary wiring relationship, along with the aforementioned records, is processed subsequently. In this embodiment, the primary wiring relationship is not used as an independent diagnostic conclusion, but rather to determine whether the electrical devices corresponding to each state change event have an electrical connection that can be continuously expressed in the candidate fault event path. When reading the primary wiring relationship, the electrical devices involved in the current fault time interval are used as associated objects, and content that describes the connection relationship between the corresponding electrical devices is retained. This content is subsequently called when generating candidate fault event paths, establishing the device node connection relationship in the current fault subgraph, and performing consistency checks.

[0031] The output generated by S1 includes waveform recordings, protection action records, switch status records, and primary wiring relationships corresponding to the current fault time interval. These outputs are directly called by S2. The fault time interval is used to limit the extraction range of state change events, the three types of records are used to generate state change events from different sources, and the primary wiring relationships are used to constrain the path associations between events.

[0032] S2, based on the fault time interval, determines the state change events from the waveform record, protection action record and switch status record respectively, establishes the association between the state change events and the corresponding electrical equipment, determines the order of events, and generates candidate fault event paths based on the primary wiring relationship and the order of events.

[0033] S211, determine the waveform change position corresponding to the waveform recording event within the fault time interval. During processing, examine the voltage and current waveforms within the fault time interval along the time sequence of the waveform recording itself. The position where the waveform state changes before and after can be distinguished is taken as the waveform change position. The occurrence time of the waveform change position in the waveform recording, the electrical equipment that generated the corresponding waveform recording, and the corresponding waveform state change are collectively used as the event basis for the waveform recording event. The determination of the waveform change position is based on the ability to distinguish the voltage or current waveform state changes before and after within the fault time interval, and combines the time sequence and data scale of the fault waveform recording to identify the corresponding change position, ensuring that the determined waveform change position reflects the occurrence time of the waveform recording event and the corresponding waveform state change. The determined waveform recording events then proceed to event sorting and equipment association processing.

[0034] S212, within the fault time interval, read the protection action time from the protection action record, determine the protection action corresponding to the protection action time as a protection action event, and maintain the correspondence between each protection action event and the electrical equipment that generated the corresponding protection action record. The occurrence time of the protection action event is directly adopted from the action time recorded in the protection action record, without replacing the occurrence time of the protection action event itself with the occurrence time of the waveform recording event, so that events from different sources retain the time basis for the formation of their respective records before subsequent sorting.

[0035] In step S213, the switch status record is read within the fault time interval to determine the moment when the switch status changes. The corresponding switch status change is identified as a switch status event, and each switch status event is associated with the electrical equipment that generated the corresponding switch status record. The location of the electrical equipment associated with the waveform recording event is identified as the waveform recording abnormality location, the electrical equipment associated with the protection action event is identified as the protection action object, and the location of the electrical equipment associated with the switch status event is identified as the switch status change location. After steps S211 to S213, waveform recording events, protection action events, and switch status events all have corresponding event sources, occurrence times, and associated electrical equipment. Thus, the three types of events can enter a unified event sequence determination process without changing their respective record sources.

[0036] S221, Determine the chronological order of events. The occurrence times of waveform recording events, protection action events, and switch status events are all limited to the same fault time interval and arranged according to their own recorded occurrence times. For any two events requiring a chronological order, if the occurrence times of the two events can form a clear precedence and follower order, the corresponding order is recorded as the chronological relationship between the two events, and the ordering result is used to generate candidate fault event paths. When the recording times of two events are the same, or the time information in the records is insufficient to distinguish the chronological order, the actual recording order is not replaced by an arbitrary order, and no chronological association is established between the two events, but the association between each event and its corresponding electrical equipment is still retained. Therefore, the chronological order of events only represents the chronological order that can be directly distinguished by the recording time.

[0037] S222: Based on the primary wiring relationship, determine the electrical connection relationship between the electrical devices corresponding to the state change events, and use the electrical connection relationship and the event occurrence sequence relationship formed in S221 together as the conditions for establishing candidate fault event paths. For state change events that form a continuous sequence according to the time of event occurrence, check whether the electrical devices associated with adjacent state change events have a corresponding electrical connection relationship in the primary wiring relationship. When the event occurrence sequence relationship satisfies the sequential relationship and there is an electrical connection relationship between the corresponding electrical devices, establish a path association between the two state change events, so that the later state change event continues to extend along the path of the earlier state change event.

[0038] When the electrical equipment corresponding to adjacent state change events does not have an electrical connection relationship represented by a single wiring relationship, even if the two events are adjacent in time, they will not be merged into the same candidate fault event path, and the path extension in the corresponding direction will be terminated. When the corresponding electrical equipment has an electrical connection relationship, but the order of the events does not satisfy the sequential relationship, a path association between the two events will also not be established. For state change events that have already formed a path association, they are organized continuously according to the order of the events and the electrical connection order between the corresponding electrical equipment, and candidate fault event paths are formed from state change events that satisfy the above two conditions.

[0039] When multiple event combinations satisfy the above conditions exist, each candidate fault event path retains its own state change events, the electrical equipment corresponding to each state change event, the sequence of events within the path, and the connection relationships of the electrical equipment within the path. The final fault device is not selected directly based on a single event in stage S2. The candidate fault event paths output by S2 are called by S3 to construct the current fault subgraph that can simultaneously express device relationships and event relationships.

[0040] S3. Construct the current fault subgraph based on the candidate fault event path and perform structural matching with the historical fault subgraph in the historical fault map.

[0041] S311, Construct the current fault subgraph. Identify the electrical devices associated with state change events in the candidate fault event path as device nodes, and define the state change events associated with each electrical device as event nodes. Device nodes are used to carry the identity of the electrical devices and the primary wiring relationships between them during this fault process. Event nodes are used to carry the position and sequence of waveform recording events, protection action events, or switch status events within the fault time interval.

[0042] Based on the wiring relationship read in S1, electrical connection relationships between equipment nodes are established in the current fault subgraph. Based on the event sequence determined in S221, temporal relationships are established between event nodes with a clear chronological order. Based on the correspondence between state change events and electrical equipment established in S211 to S213, attribution relationships are established between event nodes and equipment nodes. For events that cannot be distinguished by a chronological order, temporal relationships between corresponding event nodes are not established, but the attribution relationship between event nodes and corresponding equipment nodes is retained. The current fault subgraph is formed by equipment nodes, event nodes, electrical connection relationships, temporal relationships, and attribution relationships, transforming the originally sequentially organized events in the candidate fault event path into a graphical representation that can be structurally compared according to node relationships.

[0043] S312, Construct and retrieve historical fault maps. Historical fault maps are derived from historical fault records in a pre-stored storage space, where fault types and faulty equipment have been identified. Each historical fault record used to construct the historical fault map has a corresponding historical fault time interval and can retrieve waveform recordings, protection action records, and switch status records of the same category as the current processing. Based on the corresponding historical fault time interval, determine historical waveform events, historical protection action events, and historical switch status events from the historical fault records. The event determination method is consistent with the event meanings in S211 to S213, and establish the association between each historical event and the electrical equipment that generated the corresponding historical record.

[0044] Electrical connections between historical equipment nodes are established based on the wiring relationships at the time of the corresponding historical faults. Timing relationships between historical event nodes are established based on the distinguishable chronological order of historical events. Furthermore, attribution relationships between historical event nodes and historical equipment nodes are established based on the association between historical events and corresponding electrical equipment. These historical equipment nodes, historical event nodes, and the aforementioned three types of relationships form a historical fault subgraph. Each historical fault subgraph is associated with the identified fault type and faulty equipment in the corresponding historical fault record. Multiple historical fault subgraphs with corresponding fault types and faulty equipment form a historical fault map. When subsequent structural matching returns to historical fault subgraphs, the corresponding fault type and faulty equipment can be obtained through association, rather than directly generating the final fault conclusion from a single recorded waveform.

[0045] S321, perform structural matching between the current fault subgraph and historical fault subgraphs. Matching is performed according to equipment structural relationships, event sequence relationships, and event-equipment relationships to form corresponding judgments. For equipment nodes in the current fault subgraph, based on the electrical connection relationships between equipment nodes, historical equipment nodes with corresponding connection relationships are searched in the historical fault subgraphs to be compared, and a corresponding equipment structural correspondence is formed accordingly. This correspondence is used to limit the location of historical equipment participating in subsequent event comparisons, ensuring that event comparisons are not performed independently of the equipment connection structure.

[0046] Within the node range where the equipment structure correspondence is established, the temporal sequence relationship between event nodes in the current fault subgraph is compared with the temporal sequence relationship between corresponding historical event nodes in the historical fault subgraph. When the corresponding events have a consistent sequential organization relationship in the two subgraphs, an event sequence correspondence is formed; for event nodes in the current fault subgraph that do not have a established temporal sequence relationship, no artificial addition of the order is made before they participate in the event sequence correspondence judgment.

[0047] After the equipment structure correspondence and event sequence correspondence are determined, the attribution relationship between event nodes and equipment nodes in the current fault subgraph is further compared with the attribution relationship between corresponding nodes in the historical fault subgraph. When corresponding waveform events, protection action events, or switch status events belong to equipment nodes that are consistent with the equipment structure correspondence, an event-equipment correspondence is formed.

[0048] When the device structure correspondence, event sequence correspondence, and event device correspondence all satisfy the correspondence in the same historical fault subgraph, the historical fault subgraph is retained as the matching result obtained from the structure matching. If any correspondence is not satisfied, the corresponding historical fault subgraph is excluded from the current matching result. For cases where multiple historical fault subgraphs simultaneously satisfy all correspondences, S3 retains multiple matching results and sends them to S4 for multi-source consistency verification, without directly forming the final diagnostic result from any historical fault subgraph during the structure matching stage.

[0049] S4. When the abnormal location of the waveform recording, the object of the protection action, and the location of the switch status change satisfy the corresponding relationship of the equipment, the order of action, and the path position relationship, the matching result is retained.

[0050] The consistency check processes each matching result formed in S3, and calls the wiring relationship read by S1, the sequence of events determined by S2, and the candidate fault event path. The abnormal location of the waveform recording corresponds to the location of the electrical equipment associated with the waveform recording event, the protection action object corresponds to the electrical equipment associated with the protection action event, and the switch state change location corresponds to the position of the electrical equipment associated with the switch state event in the candidate fault event path.

[0051] S411, Determine the equipment correspondence. Based on the primary wiring relationship and the equipment structure correspondence in the current matching result, check whether the electrical equipment corresponding to the abnormal waveform location and the protection action object can fall into the equipment connection structure represented by the current candidate fault event path. When the equipment location corresponding to the waveform event and the equipment location corresponding to the protection action event can be expressed by the equipment nodes and electrical connection relationships in the current candidate fault event path, and are consistent with the corresponding equipment node relationships in the current matching result, the equipment correspondence is determined to be satisfied; otherwise, the equipment correspondence is determined to be unsatisfactory.

[0052] S412, determine the sequence of actions. Read the protection action event corresponding to the protection action object and the recording event corresponding to the abnormal recording location, and call the event sequence relationship formed in S221. When two events have established a clear timing relationship, and the timing relationship matches the event organization order in the current candidate fault event path, the action sequence relationship is satisfied. When the recording times of two events cannot form a distinguishable order, since S221 has not established a corresponding timing association, the action sequence relationship is not supplemented by manual sorting, and the action sequence relationship does not enter the satisfied state.

[0053] S413, Determine the path position relationship. Check whether the electrical equipment associated with the switch state event corresponding to the switch state change location belongs to the device node in the current candidate fault event path, and check whether the switch state event enters the current fault subgraph as a state change event included in the current candidate fault event path. When both conditions can be corresponded to the node relationships in the current candidate fault event path and the current fault subgraph, the path position relationship is determined to be satisfied; when the switch state change location is outside the candidate fault event path, or the corresponding switch state event has not established a relationship with the path, the path position relationship is determined to be unsatisfactory.

[0054] The device correspondence, action sequence, and path location relationships are jointly verified based on the same matching result. When all three relationships are satisfied, the corresponding matching result is retained and proceeds to S6. If any of the three relationships is not satisfied, the corresponding historical fault subgraph is not directly used as the diagnostic conclusion; instead, the process proceeds to S5 to determine the conflict event and perform reverse correction. Thus, structural matching and consistency verification form a progressive relationship: structural matching first determines candidate results that satisfy the graph structure, and consistency verification then limits the results that can continue to be used for fault type and associated device determination based on the multi-source record relationship corresponding to the current fault.

[0055] S5. When any relationship is not satisfied, identify the conflict event and perform reverse correction. The reverse correction includes tracing back along the candidate fault event path to the fault initiation direction, redefining the scope of events participating in the matching, reconstructing the current fault subgraph and performing structural matching again.

[0056] S511, determine the conflicting events and their positions in the candidate fault event path. For the first occurrence of a non-compliant state in S4 regarding equipment correspondence, action sequence, or path position relationship, determine the corresponding event causing the non-compliance. If the equipment correspondence is non-compliant, the waveform recording event or protection action event that forms the inconsistency between the equipment and the corresponding equipment is used as the current verification position; if the action sequence is non-compliant, the position of the protection action event that cannot form the required timing relationship with the corresponding waveform recording event is used as the current verification position; if the path position relationship is non-compliant, the position of the corresponding switch status event is used as the current verification position. The event corresponding to the current verification position is identified as a conflicting event, and the location of the conflicting event is marked in the candidate fault event path.

[0057] S512, trace back step-by-step from the conflict event towards the fault start direction of the candidate fault event path. Each tracing is based on the simultaneous existence of a temporal correlation between the previous event and the current event, and an electrical connection between the corresponding electrical equipment. If a state change event preceding the conflict event in the candidate fault event path can be continuously traced back along the established path relationship with the conflict event, then the state change events to be verified are obtained one by one according to the existing event order in the path. Tracing terminates when reaching the fault start end of the candidate fault event path; if there is no preceding state change event with both temporal correlation and electrical connection before reaching the fault start end, tracing terminates at that position, without crossing broken path relationships to search for other unrelated events.

[0058] S513, the obtained state change events are re-verified against the corresponding records in the waveform recordings, protection action records, and switch status records. For waveform recording events, it is verified whether the waveform change position corresponding to the waveform event can still be found in the waveform recordings within the current fault time interval, and whether the electrical equipment associated with the waveform event is the electrical equipment that generated the corresponding waveform recording. For protection action events, it is verified whether the protection action content and the protection action time correspond to the protection action record, and the corresponding electrical equipment is verified. For switch status events, it is verified whether the switch status change and the change time correspond to the switch status record, and the corresponding electrical equipment is verified. This re-verification does not change the original record content; it only determines whether the event relationships in the candidate fault event path still have corresponding original records as a basis.

[0059] When a status change event to be verified can be consistent with the corresponding source record and the corresponding electrical equipment, the status change event is retained in the redefined event scope. When the correspondence between the status change event and the source record is not satisfied, or the electrical equipment associated with the event does not correspond to the electrical equipment that generated the corresponding record, the status change event is excluded from the redefined event scope. Status change events that are not included in the tracing scope and do not involve current conflict relationships will not have their established event source relationships changed due to this reverse verification.

[0060] S514, reconstruct the current fault subgraph based on the redefined event scope. For state change events retained within the redefined event scope, redetermine the corresponding event nodes and associated device nodes; still establish the electrical connection relationships between device nodes based on the primary wiring relationship, establish the temporal relationship between event nodes based on the retained event occurrence sequence relationship, and establish the attribution relationship based on the association between the state change event and the corresponding electrical equipment. Excluded state change events do not enter the reconstructed current fault subgraph; therefore, the event nodes directly corresponding to the excluded events and the temporal and attribution relationships formed by the event nodes do not participate in the restructure matching.

[0061] In step S515, the reconstructed current fault subgraph is again structurally matched with the historical fault subgraphs in the historical fault map according to the same relationship type as in step S321, sequentially determining the equipment structure correspondence, event sequence correspondence, and event equipment correspondence. When all three types of correspondence satisfy the correspondence in the same historical fault subgraph, a matching result obtained from the restructuring is formed; if any correspondence is not satisfied, the corresponding historical fault subgraph is excluded. In this embodiment, the reverse correction is triggered by the conflict event determined in step S4, and the tracing termination condition is either the fault start point of the candidate fault event path or the absence of a preceding event that satisfies the conditions for continuing tracing. After redefining the scope of events participating in the restructuring based on the tracing result, the restructuring is then performed.

[0062] Through the above processing, conflict information will not directly cause all events in the entire candidate fault event path to be discarded as invalid information. Instead, the location of the conflict event in the existing path, as well as the timing association and electrical connection relationship, are used to limit the range of events that need to be rechecked, so that the current fault sub-diagram that re-enters the structural matching maintains a traceable correspondence with the original waveform record, protection action record, switch status record and primary wiring relationship.

[0063] S6. Determine the fault type and associated equipment based on the retained matching results or the matching results obtained from restructured matching.

[0064] In S611, the matching results retained in S4 and the matching results obtained from the restructured matching in S5 are respectively mapped to the historical fault subgraphs in the historical fault map. Since the association between the historical fault subgraphs and the determined fault types and faulty devices was established when constructing the historical fault map in S312, each matching result entering S6 can obtain candidate fault types and candidate associated devices along the corresponding historical fault subgraph. The fault types and associated devices obtained at this time are still considered as candidate results, and the final diagnostic result is not directly formed by a single underlying waveform change position, a single protection action, or a single switch state.

[0065] S612, when multiple matching results correspond to the same candidate fault type and point to the same candidate associated device, the candidate fault type and candidate associated device are determined as the fault type and associated device for this fault. The determination process uses the consistent pointing of multiple matching results as a condition, and retains the association relationship that can be traced back to the corresponding historical fault subgraph, the current fault subgraph, and the candidate fault event path, so that the final result can be mapped to the device structure relationship, event sequence relationship, and event device relationship involved in the judgment.

[0066] S613, when the candidate fault types corresponding to multiple matching results are inconsistent, or the candidate associated devices are inconsistent, count the number of corresponding electrical connection relationships between device nodes, temporal relationships between event nodes, and affiliation relationships between event nodes and device nodes in the historical fault subgraphs and the current fault subgraphs corresponding to each matching result; divide the sum of the number of these three types of relationships by the larger value of the total number of these three types of relationships in the two subgraphs to obtain the structural correspondence rate. Compare the structural correspondence rates of each matching result, retain the matching result with the highest structural correspondence rate, and filter out the remaining matching results.

[0067] After screening, if multiple remaining matching results all correspond to the same candidate fault type and the same candidate associated device, then the fault type and associated device are determined according to S612. Thus, the final fault diagnosis result is formed after the current fault subgraph is constructed, the historical fault subgraph structure is matched, the consistency of multi-source relationships is verified, and the necessary conflict event reverse correction is performed. All intermediate results used can be traced back to the corresponding relationships in waveform records, protection action records, switch status records, primary wiring relationships, and historical fault maps.

[0068] In the complete processing chain of this embodiment, waveform recordings, protection action records, and switch status records first generate state change events from different sources within the same fault time interval. These state change events then form candidate fault event paths based on their sequence of occurrence and primary wiring relationships. These candidate fault event paths, through the relationships between device nodes and event nodes, constitute the current fault subgraph. The current fault subgraph is compared with historical fault subgraphs in terms of device structure relationships, event sequence relationships, and event-device relationships to generate matching results. These matching results are then subjected to consistency checks on the waveform anomaly location, protection action object, and switch status change location. When the consistency relationship is valid, the corresponding matching result is retained; when the consistency relationship is invalid, a conflict event triggers reverse tracing and re-limits the event scope, ensuring that the data used for re-structuring and matching still corresponds to the original multi-source records. The final diagnostic result is determined by the matching results retained after the above processing, forming a continuous data retrieval relationship from data source to intermediate events, paths, subgraphs, matching results, fault types, and associated devices.

[0069] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent comparison and diagnostic identification of multi-source fault waveforms in main distribution networks, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Acquire waveform records generated by the fault recording device, protection action records generated by the protection device, and switch status records generated by the monitoring terminal within the fault time interval, and read the wiring relationship once; Based on the fault time interval, state change events are determined from the waveform recording, the protection action recording, and the switch status recording, respectively. The state change events include waveform recording events, protection action events, and switch status events. The association between the state change events and the corresponding electrical equipment is established. Based on the association, the location of the waveform anomaly, the protection action object, and the location of the switch status change are determined, and the order of occurrence of the events is determined. Candidate fault event paths are generated according to the primary wiring relationship and the order of occurrence of the events. The current fault subgraph is constructed based on the candidate fault event paths, and its structure is matched with the historical fault subgraphs in the historical fault map. When the abnormal location of the waveform recording, the object of the protection action, and the location of the switch status change satisfy the corresponding relationship of the equipment, the sequence of actions, and the path position relationship, the matching result is retained. When any relationship is not satisfied, a conflict event is identified and reverse correction is performed. The reverse correction includes tracing back along the candidate fault event path to the fault initiation direction, redefining the scope of events participating in the matching, reconstructing the current fault subgraph, and performing structural matching again. The fault type and associated equipment are determined based on the retained matching results or the matching results obtained from restructured matching.

2. The intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault recordings in main distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the state change event is determined, the waveform change position in the waveform recording is determined within the fault time interval, the protection action event corresponding to the protection action time in the protection action record is determined, and the switch state event corresponding to the switch state change time in the switch state record is determined. The waveform event, the protection action event, and the switch state event are then associated with the electrical equipment that generated the corresponding record. The location of the electrical equipment associated with the waveform recording event is determined as the waveform recording abnormality location, the electrical equipment associated with the protection action event is determined as the protection action object, and the location of the electrical equipment associated with the switch state event is determined as the switch state change location.

3. The intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault recordings in main distribution networks according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the order of events includes: sorting the occurrence times of the waveform recording event, the protection action event, and the switch status event; when the occurrence times of different events have a distinguishable temporal order within the fault time interval, the corresponding sorting result is determined as the order of events; when the occurrence times of different events do not have a distinguishable temporal order, the association between the corresponding event and the electrical equipment is retained, but no temporal association is established between the corresponding events.

4. The intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault recordings in main distribution networks according to claim 2, characterized in that, The generation of the candidate fault event path includes: determining the electrical connection relationship between the electrical devices corresponding to each state change event based on the primary wiring relationship; establishing path associations for the state change events that have electrical connection relationships and whose event occurrence sequence satisfies the sequential relationship; when the electrical devices corresponding to adjacent state change events do not have electrical connection relationships, or the event occurrence sequence does not satisfy the sequential relationship, terminating the extension of the corresponding path direction, and forming the candidate fault event path from the state change events that satisfy the electrical connection relationships and whose event occurrence sequence satisfies the sequential relationship.

5. The intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault recordings in main distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the current fault subgraph includes: identifying electrical devices in the candidate fault event path as device nodes, identifying the state change events associated with each electrical device as event nodes; establishing electrical connection relationships between device nodes based on the primary wiring relationship, establishing temporal relationships between event nodes based on the order of event occurrence, and establishing attribution relationships between event nodes and device nodes based on the association between the state change events and the corresponding electrical devices; the current fault subgraph is jointly defined by the electrical connection relationships, the temporal relationships, and the attribution relationships.

6. The intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault recordings in main distribution networks according to claim 5, characterized in that, The structural matching between the current fault subgraph and the historical fault subgraph includes: determining the device structure correspondence according to the electrical connection relationship between the device nodes, determining the event sequence correspondence according to the temporal relationship between the event nodes, and determining the event device correspondence according to the affiliation relationship between the event nodes and the device nodes; when the device structure correspondence, the event sequence correspondence, and the event device correspondence all satisfy the correspondence in the historical fault subgraph, a matching result is formed; when any correspondence is not satisfied, the corresponding historical fault subgraph is excluded from the matching result.

7. The intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault recordings in main distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The consistency verification of the abnormal waveform location, the protection action object, and the switch state change location includes: determining the equipment correspondence between the electrical equipment corresponding to the abnormal waveform location and the protection action object based on the primary wiring relationship; determining the action sequence relationship between the event corresponding to the protection action object and the event corresponding to the abnormal waveform location based on the event occurrence sequence relationship; and determining whether the switch state change location is located within the candidate fault event path. When the equipment correspondence, the action sequence relationship, and the path position relationship all satisfy the corresponding candidate fault event path, the corresponding matching result is retained; when any relationship is not satisfied, the corresponding event is determined to be the conflict event.

8. The intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault recordings in main distribution networks according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reverse correction corresponding to the conflict event includes: determining the position of the conflict event in the candidate fault event path, and tracing back the state change events that have temporal correlation and electrical connection with the conflict event step by step along the candidate fault event path towards the fault initiation direction; re-checking the traced state change events with the corresponding records in the waveform record, the protection action record, and the switch status record; when the correspondence is satisfied, the corresponding state change event is included in the redefined event range; when the correspondence is not satisfied, the corresponding state change event is excluded; reconstructing the current fault subgraph based on the redefined event range and performing structural matching again.

9. The intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault recordings in main distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the fault type and associated equipment includes: mapping the retained matching results or the matching results formed by restructure matching to the historical fault subgraphs in the historical fault map, and determining the candidate fault type and candidate associated equipment corresponding to each matching result; when multiple matching results correspond to the same candidate fault type and point to the same candidate associated equipment, the corresponding candidate fault type and candidate associated equipment are determined as the fault type and associated equipment; when the candidate fault types or candidate associated equipment of multiple matching results are inconsistent, the number of electrical connection relationships of equipment nodes, timing relationships of event nodes, and attribution relationships between event nodes and equipment nodes corresponding to each matching result in the historical fault subgraphs and the current fault subgraphs are counted, and the sum of the number of the three types of mutual correspondences is divided by the larger value of the total number of the three types of relationships in the two subgraphs to obtain the structural correspondence rate; the matching result with the highest structural correspondence rate is retained, and the fault type and associated equipment are determined based on the retained matching result.

10. The intelligent comparison and diagnostic method for multi-source fault recordings in main distribution networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the historical fault map includes: reading historical fault records of known fault types and faulty equipment from a preset storage space, extracting the waveform recording events, the protection action events, and the switch status events according to the historical fault time intervals corresponding to the historical fault records, and establishing the association between each event and the corresponding electrical equipment; The electrical connection relationship between equipment nodes is established based on the wiring relationship corresponding to the occurrence of historical faults; the temporal relationship between event nodes is established based on the order of occurrence of each event; and the attribution relationship between event nodes and equipment nodes is established based on the association between each event and the corresponding electrical equipment. The historical fault subgraph is formed by the device nodes, event nodes, electrical connection relationships, timing relationships, and attribution relationships. The historical fault subgraph is then associated with the corresponding fault types and faulty devices to form the historical fault map.

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