BIM-based plate joint design optimization and rapid installation integrated system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of plate jointing optimization, and particularly discloses a plate jointing design optimization and rapid installation integrated system based on BIM, which comprises the following modules: a preprocessing module: reading an installation area BIM model, extracting area geometric dimensions, wall contour, and basic data such as obstacle position and size, and providing original space information for jointing design; a jointing pre-design module: storing plate standard dimensions and initial jointing rules containing adjacent wall jointing width, and completing initial plate cutting and splicing in the BIM model based on the rules to generate a complete set of initial jointing lines; and a jointing optimization module: dividing the initial jointing into rigid lines and flexible lines, setting a reduction gradient threshold and a width floating interval, taking the optimal comprehensive effect of the flexible line jointing as a target, adjusting the adjacent wall jointing width according to the gradient threshold under the constraint of the floating interval, outputting an optimized jointing line, and finally guiding on-site plate installation according to the line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of panel joint optimization technology, specifically to a BIM-based integrated system for panel joint design optimization and rapid installation. Background Technology

[0002] In existing building decoration projects, the design of panel joints is mostly optimized with the goal of minimizing material waste. The conventional approach is to measure the total dimensions of the installation area, arrange the panels one by one along the boundary based on the standard specifications, and finally use the remaining corner areas as edge trim panels.

[0003] However, existing technologies generally adopt a unified layout logic, failing to separate the necessary rigid edge finishing areas around wall boundaries and door and window openings from the optimizable areas of the central large surface. Boundary finishing is entirely a passive leftover product after layout, with random and uncontrollable width, which easily results in narrow edge finishing strips that are too narrow. This not only disrupts the visual integrity of the facade but also generates a large amount of small scraps that cannot be reused. At the same time, designers need to repeatedly adjust the layout to balance the edge finishing effect and waste, which is inefficient and makes it difficult to achieve the optimal synergy between aesthetics and material utilization, thus increasing the overall construction cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated system for optimizing panel joint design and rapid installation based on BIM, thereby solving the following technical problems.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A BIM-based integrated system for optimizing panel joint design and rapid installation includes: Preprocessing module: used to acquire the BIM model of the installation area, and extract the geometric dimensions, wall outline and fixed obstacle information of the installation area based on the BIM model. The fixed obstacle information includes the fixed obstacle position and fixed obstacle size. Joint pre-design module: used to store initial joint rules and preset standard dimensions of panels. The stored initial joint rules include the initial adjacent wall joint width. Based on the stored initial joint rules, the initial panels are cut and spliced ​​in the BIM model to obtain the initial joint lines of the panels in the installation area. Joint optimization module: Divides the initial joint line into rigid and flexible lines, sets a reduction gradient threshold, and sets a preset floating range; with the goal of maximizing the joint effect index of the flexible line, and constrained by the preset floating range, adjusts the value of the initial adjacent wall joint width based on the reduction gradient threshold to obtain an optimized joint line, and installs the panels in the installation area based on the optimized joint line.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the process of obtaining the BIM model of the installation area includes: The installation area is scanned on-site using a 3D laser scanner to collect raw point cloud data of the installation area. The raw point cloud data is then processed by site stitching, noise filtering, and normalization to generate spatial point cloud data of the installation area. Fixed obstacle areas in the spatial point cloud data are then identified to obtain a BIM model of the installation area.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the process of identifying fixed obstacle regions in the spatial point cloud data includes: Obtain a pre-stored initial 3D model of the installation area, which is a 3D model of the installation area when there are no fixed obstacles; compare the spatial point cloud data with the initial 3D model in the same spatial coordinate system, obtain redundant point cloud data in the spatial point cloud data, and record several independent point cloud regions composed of redundant point cloud data as fixed obstacles.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the process of determining the position of the fixed obstacle is as follows: obtain the geometric center of the fixed obstacle, obtain the point cloud that is closest to the geometric center in terms of Euclidean distance, denoted as the center point cloud, and obtain the coordinates of the center point cloud in the spatial coordinate system, denoted as the position of the fixed obstacle.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the initial adjacent wall gap width is the preset gap width between the board and the wall of the installation area at the outline of the wall of the installation area.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the specific content of the initial jointing rule includes, based on the initial adjacent wall joint width, designing the layout of the panels in the center of the installation area with the goal of minimizing the consumption of jointing material.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the process of setting the preset floating range includes: Let the initial adjacent wall joint width be k, and the reduction gradient threshold be t. Then the preset floating range is set to [kZ×t, k+Z×t], where Z is a preset integer multiple of the threshold.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the process for determining the jointing effect index of the flexible route includes: Based on the outline of the wall, determine the vertical centerline of the installation area. The seams located to the left of the vertical centerline are designated as left seams, and the seams located to the right of the vertical centerline are designated as right seams. Mirror the vertical centerline as an axis of symmetry to obtain mirror seams for each left seam on the right side of the vertical centerline. For any right seam, obtain the mirror seam closest to the right seam and designate it as the closest mirror seam. Group the right seam and the closest mirror seam together and determine the distance between the right seam and the closest mirror seam within the group, designated as the geometric deviation. Obtain the average geometric deviation Ave of all groups and the current seam material consumption to obtain the seam effect index Q of the flexible route, which is Q=K1×Ave+K2×L×q, where K1 and K2 are preset weighting coefficients, and K1+K2=1, L is the length of the flexible route, and q is the material consumption per unit length of seam.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the process of dividing the initial seam line into a rigid route and a flexible route includes: In the initial jointing line, the joints between the board and the wall of the installation area at the perimeter of the installation area are recorded as rigid lines, and all joints other than rigid lines are recorded as flexible lines.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention employs BIM 3D point cloud modeling combined with a three-segment modular joint optimization architecture. It accurately generates a site-specific BIM model through 3D laser scanning point cloud reconstruction, automatically extracting wall outlines and obstacle coordinates to avoid human measurement errors. It completely distinguishes between rigid edge joints between adjacent walls and flexible central joints, eliminating the passive generation of random narrow edge strips and significantly reducing non-reusable scrap materials, thus lowering material waste and construction waste disposal costs. Furthermore, this invention constructs a comprehensive joint effect index that balances aesthetics and material consumption. It quantifies facade symmetry and aesthetics through the geometric deviation of the central axis mirror, combined with joint material consumption... The weighted calculation of the comprehensive score breaks away from the traditional limitation of focusing solely on minimizing material consumption. The weights can be adjusted according to different scenarios to achieve optimal synergy between visual regularity and material utilization. Furthermore, a gradient floating constraint is set for the width of the adjacent wall joints, allowing for iterative fine-tuning of boundary dimensions within the acceptable aesthetic range. This floating range constraint enables rapid iterative optimization, eliminating the need for designers to repeatedly adjust the layout manually and significantly improving the efficiency of joint design. In addition, the optimized joint lines of this invention can directly guide the prefabrication of panels and on-site assembly, reducing on-site secondary cutting and hole-opening rectification processes, lowering the probability of rework, and shortening the on-site construction cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the integrated system for optimizing panel joint design and rapid installation based on BIM of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the optimized joint line in the integrated system for optimizing and rapidly installing panel joints based on BIM, as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this invention is an integrated system for optimizing panel joint design and rapid installation based on BIM, comprising: Preprocessing module: used to acquire the BIM model of the installation area, and extract the geometric dimensions, wall outline and fixed obstacle information of the installation area based on the BIM model. The fixed obstacle information includes the fixed obstacle position and fixed obstacle size. It should be noted that this invention is suitable for standardized construction scenarios of interior decorative walls, ceiling metal panels, and wood veneer panels. It relies on 3D laser scanning to complete the digital modeling of the on-site space; by scanning and collecting original point cloud data of the entire area, the dimensional deviation caused by manual on-site measurement is eliminated; then, site stitching, noise filtering, and coordinate normalization are performed in sequence to unify the spatial reference of all point clouds and eliminate invalid noise interference; the processed spatial point cloud is compared with the unobstructed initial 3D model in the same coordinate system, and redundant independent point cloud areas are extracted as fixed obstacles to accurately identify obstructing components such as doors, windows, air vents, and structural columns; then, the center point cloud is matched with the geometric center of the obstacle through Euclidean distance to lock the precise coordinate size of the obstacle, and the geometric dimensions of the installation area, the outline of the wall, and the complete set of BIM basic parameters of the obstacle are completely extracted; In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of obtaining the BIM model of the installation area includes: The installation area is scanned on-site using a 3D laser scanner to collect the original point cloud data of the installation area; the original point cloud data is then processed by site stitching, noise filtering, and normalization to generate spatial point cloud data of the installation area, and fixed obstacle areas in the spatial point cloud data are identified to obtain a BIM model of the installation area. The process of identifying fixed obstacle regions in the spatial point cloud data includes: Obtain a pre-stored initial 3D model of the installation area, which is a 3D model of the installation area when there are no fixed obstacles; compare the spatial point cloud data with the initial 3D model in the same spatial coordinate system, obtain redundant point cloud data in the spatial point cloud data, and record several independent point cloud regions composed of redundant point cloud data as fixed obstacles. The process of determining the position of the fixed obstacle is as follows: obtain the geometric center of the fixed obstacle, obtain the point cloud that is closest to the geometric center in terms of Euclidean distance, and denot it as the center point cloud; obtain the coordinates of the center point cloud in the spatial coordinate system, and denot it as the position of the fixed obstacle. Joint pre-design module: used to store initial joint rules and preset standard dimensions of panels. The stored initial joint rules include the initial adjacent wall joint width. Based on the stored initial joint rules, the initial panels are cut and spliced ​​in the BIM model to obtain the initial joint lines of the panels in the installation area. It should be noted that this invention is designed for mass production and detailed design of commercial and residential interior decorative panels. It has a built-in storage unit that stores a library of universal standard panel dimensions, initial adjacent wall joint width parameters, and basic layout rules. It prioritizes retrieving preset initial adjacent wall joint width parameters to pre-define the rigid edge joint area between the wall and the panel, thus locking in the material consumption for this part. Then, with the minimum joint material consumption as the basic optimization goal, it completes virtual cutting and splicing simulation of the panels within the BIM model area, generating a complete initial joint line covering the entire installation area. It generates a standardized basic layout scheme, clearly defining the boundary rigid joint area and the central adjustable flexible joint area. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the initial adjacent wall joint width is the preset gap width between the board and the wall of the installation area at the outline of the wall of the installation area. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific content of the initial jointing rule includes, based on the initial adjacent wall joint width, designing the layout of the panels in the center of the installation area with the goal of minimizing the consumption of jointing material; Joint optimization module: Divides the initial joint line into rigid and flexible lines, sets a reduction gradient threshold, and sets a preset floating range; with the goal of maximizing the joint effect index of the flexible line, and constrained by the preset floating range, adjusts the value of the initial adjacent wall joint width based on the reduction gradient threshold to obtain an optimized joint line, and installs the panels in the installation area based on the optimized joint line; It should be noted that this invention is applicable to interior decorative panel construction scenarios where both facade aesthetics and material utilization are required. First, the initial joint lines are binary-divided, separating the rigid, non-adjustable adjacent wall lines from the flexible, central lines with fine-tuning potential. Based on the initial adjacent wall joint width, gradient adjustment threshold, and integer multiple constraints, a width floating range is generated to limit the adjustment range of the adjacent wall edge width, preventing the edge dimensions from exceeding reasonable construction and visual limits. A mirror comparison logic is constructed based on the area's vertical central axis to calculate the geometric symmetry deviation of the joints, and a comprehensive joint effect index is established by integrating joint length and unit material consumption. With the optimal index as the iteration target, the adjacent wall joint width is cyclically fine-tuned according to a fixed gradient threshold, completing iterative optimization within the floating range constraints to output the optimal joint line. Finally, based on the optimized line, standardized layout drawings are output to guide panel prefabrication and on-site installation, simultaneously balancing facade symmetry and aesthetics with material waste, eliminating passively generated narrow edge trims, and reducing on-site secondary cutting operations. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of dividing the initial seam line into a rigid line and a flexible line includes: In the initial jointing line, the joint between the board and the wall of the installation area at the perimeter of the installation area is recorded as a rigid line, and all joints other than the rigid line are recorded as flexible lines. It is understandable that the essential difference between rigid and flexible routes lies in the fact that the degree of freedom to adjust the corresponding seam width belongs to different types of constraints. The joint width corresponding to the rigid route is determined by the physical expansion and contraction requirements of the board material itself in the given installation environment, the unavoidable accumulation of tolerances during construction and installation, and the minimum functional thickness that the boundary sealing structure must meet. This width is mandatory and cannot be eliminated. No matter how the board layout is adjusted, the width occupied by the rigid route must be reserved. Otherwise, the board will arch and deform due to thermal expansion and contraction, or it will not be able to be placed due to insufficient installation gaps. Therefore, the existence of the rigid route is determined by the hard conditions at the physical and functional levels and does not participate in the free optimization guided by aesthetics. The joint width corresponding to the flexible route is an additional width that can be actively adjusted beyond the rigid consumption width mentioned above, within the range of human visual perception difference threshold. The increase or decrease of this width will not cause obvious visual perception of the change in the width of the edge at normal observation distance, but it provides a key buffer space for the overall layout. Furthermore, when a fixed obstacle is identified within the installation area, the process of dividing the initial seam line into a rigid route and a flexible route also includes: Extract the outer boundary contour of the fixed obstacle and equate it to an additional boundary inside the wall in the panel layout calculation logic; include the joint between the panel and the outer boundary of the fixed obstacle in the calculation scope of rigid consumable joint, and determine the rigid consumable width value corresponding to the joint based on the material expansion and contraction requirements, installation tolerances and sealing requirements of the fixed obstacle's location, so as to ensure that the joint is not included in the range of flexible optimizable width control; In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of setting the preset floating range includes: Let the initial adjacent wall joint width be k, and the reduction gradient threshold be t. Then the preset floating range is set to [kZ×t, k+Z×t], where Z is a preset integer multiple threshold. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process for determining the jointing effect index of the flexible route includes: Based on the outline of the wall, determine the vertical centerline of the installation area. The seams located to the left of the vertical centerline are designated as left seams, and the seams located to the right of the vertical centerline are designated as right seams. Mirror the vertical centerline as an axis of symmetry to obtain mirror seams for each left seam on the right side of the vertical centerline. For any right seam, obtain the mirror seam closest to the right seam and designate it as the closest mirror seam. Group the right seam and the closest mirror seam together and determine the distance between the right seam and the closest mirror seam within the group, designated as the geometric deviation. Obtain the average geometric deviation Ave of all groups, and obtain the current seam material consumption to obtain the seam effect index Q of the flexible route: Q = K1 × Ave + K2 × L × q, where K1 and K2 are preset weight coefficients, and K1 + K2 = 1, L is the length of the flexible route, and q is the material consumption per unit length of seam. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two preset weighting coefficients in the joint optimization module used to obtain the comprehensive joint effect index correspond to the joint symmetry and aesthetics dimension and the material consumption cost dimension, respectively. The pre-configuration process includes: The system reads the BIM scene tags of the installation area output by the preprocessing module, identifies the application scene category of the current construction area, and retrieves the initial weight combination of the corresponding scene from the pre-stored weight template library according to the identified application scene category. The weight template library has preset benchmark weight ratios for aesthetic dimension and material consumable dimension under different application scenes. The system imports two parameters, namely the unit purchase cost of board material and the facade decoration acceptance standard of the current project, and performs proportional calibration and correction on the retrieved initial weight combination to finally obtain two preset weight coefficients. It should be noted that the geometric deviation is used to quantify the overall symmetry of the seam layout relative to the vertical central axis of the wall. Specifically, after spatially mirroring the seam lines on the left side of the wall, the resulting ideal symmetry line represents the position where the right seam should appear if the wall is perfectly symmetrical. At this point, the geometric deviation obtained by calculating the distance between the ideal symmetry line and the actual right seam line essentially measures the overall offset of the actual layout on the right relative to the expected perfectly symmetrical layout. This overall offset is not a local deviation of a single seam, but a comprehensive reflection of the degree of asymmetry of all seams on the wall. The larger the offset, the further the actual layout deviates from the perfect symmetry in space, and the stronger the sense of left-right imbalance perceived by the viewer. The smaller the offset, the closer the left and right seams are to mirror each other in spatial distribution, and the more balanced and stable the visual effect of the wall. By normalizing the geometric deviations based on half the total width of the wall, the influence of the absolute size of the wall is eliminated, allowing for lateral comparison of the symmetry between walls of different scales. The normalized index can be directly embedded into the objective function of the active control optimization module, serving as one of the quantitative bases for measuring the aesthetic quality of the solution during optimization. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of obtaining the optimized seam line includes: The initial adjacent wall joint width is used as the decision variable to be optimized, and a preset floating range is set for each decision variable as a value boundary constraint. The preset floating range limits the upward adjustment range of the initial adjacent wall joint width relative to its minimum necessary value. A comprehensive joint effect index is constructed as the optimization target. The joint effect index is used to calculate the comprehensive score of joint material consumption and overall aesthetics corresponding to the current adjacent wall joint width scheme. Using the rigid route corresponding to the initial adjacent wall joint width as the starting point for iterative optimization, the gradient vector of the rigid route at the current adjacent wall joint width relative to each decision variable is calculated, and the gradient vector indicates the adjustment direction of each joint effect index; In each iteration, the current value of each seam width is adjusted along the direction indicated by the gradient vector, the step size is adjusted to the gradient reduction threshold, an updated rigid route scheme is generated, and the gradient vector is recalculated; the iteration process is repeated, and when the magnitude of the gradient vector decays to less than the preset gradient reduction threshold, it is determined that the optimization has converged to a local optimum, the iteration is stopped, and the rigid route scheme corresponding to the current iteration step is merged with the corresponding flexible optimizable width, and the optimized seam line is output, such as... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the installation area, where the gray area represents all the seams, and the white area in the center of the installation area represents the cut and assembled panels. It is understandable that the width of each rigid consumable joint is set as an adjustable variable within a preset floating range, rather than a fixed and unique value. The lower limit of the preset floating range is the minimum necessary width of the rigid consumable joint to meet the requirements of material expansion and contraction, installation tolerance, and sealing. The upper limit is the width value after adding a visually imperceptible allowable increment to the minimum necessary width. Using the preset floating range as a constraint, the actual value of each rigid consumable joint is simultaneously fine-tuned during the optimization solution process, so that the cumulative gap error in the entire panel layout system is absorbed within the tolerance space jointly formed by the floating ranges of each rigid consumable joint, while ensuring that all panels in the large central area remain as standard whole panels without cutting.

[0019] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based integrated system for optimizing panel joint design and rapid installation, characterized in that, include: Preprocessing module: used to acquire the BIM model of the installation area, and extract the geometric dimensions, wall outline and fixed obstacle information of the installation area based on the BIM model. The fixed obstacle information includes the fixed obstacle position and fixed obstacle size. Joint pre-design module: used to store initial joint rules and preset standard dimensions of panels. The stored initial joint rules include the initial adjacent wall joint width. Based on the stored initial joint rules, the initial panels are cut and spliced ​​in the BIM model to obtain the initial joint lines of the panels in the installation area. The seam optimization module divides the initial seam line into rigid and flexible routes, sets a reduction gradient threshold, and sets a preset floating range. With the goal of maximizing the jointing effect index of the flexible route, and constrained by a preset floating range, the initial adjacent wall joint width is adjusted based on the reduction gradient threshold to obtain an optimized jointing line. The panels are then installed within the installation area based on the optimized jointing line.

2. The integrated system for BIM-based panel joint design optimization and rapid installation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the BIM model of the installation area includes: The installation area is scanned on-site using a 3D laser scanner to collect raw point cloud data of the installation area. The raw point cloud data is then processed by site stitching, noise filtering, and normalization to generate spatial point cloud data of the installation area. Fixed obstacle areas in the spatial point cloud data are then identified to obtain a BIM model of the installation area.

3. The integrated system for BIM-based panel joint design optimization and rapid installation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The process of identifying fixed obstacle regions in the spatial point cloud data includes: Obtain a pre-stored initial 3D model of the installation area, which is a 3D model of the installation area when there are no fixed obstacles; compare the spatial point cloud data with the initial 3D model in the same spatial coordinate system, obtain redundant point cloud data in the spatial point cloud data, and record several independent point cloud regions composed of redundant point cloud data as fixed obstacles.

4. The integrated system for BIM-based panel joint design optimization and rapid installation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The process of determining the position of the fixed obstacle is as follows: obtain the geometric center of the fixed obstacle, obtain the point cloud that is closest to the geometric center in terms of Euclidean distance, and denote it as the center point cloud; obtain the coordinates of the center point cloud in the spatial coordinate system, and denote it as the position of the fixed obstacle.

5. The integrated system for BIM-based panel joint design optimization and rapid installation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The initial adjacent wall gap width is the preset gap width between the board and the wall of the installation area at the outline of the wall of the installation area.

6. The integrated system for BIM-based panel joint design optimization and rapid installation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific content of the initial jointing rule includes, based on the initial adjacent wall joint width, designing the layout of the panels in the center of the installation area with the goal of minimizing the consumption of jointing material.

7. The integrated system for BIM-based panel joint design optimization and rapid installation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of setting the preset floating range includes: Let the initial adjacent wall joint width be k, and the reduction gradient threshold be t. Then the preset floating range is set to [kZ×t, k+Z×t], where Z is a preset integer multiple of the threshold.

8. The integrated system for BIM-based panel joint design optimization and rapid installation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process for determining the jointing effect index of the flexible route includes: Based on the outline of the wall, determine the vertical centerline of the installation area. The seams located to the left of the vertical centerline are designated as left seams, and the seams located to the right of the vertical centerline are designated as right seams. Mirror the vertical centerline as an axis of symmetry to obtain mirror seams for each left seam on the right side of the vertical centerline. For any right seam, obtain the mirror seam closest to the right seam and designate it as the closest mirror seam. Group the right seam and the closest mirror seam together and determine the distance between the right seam and the closest mirror seam within the group, designated as the geometric deviation. Obtain the average geometric deviation Ave of all groups and the current seam material consumption to obtain the seam effect index Q of the flexible route, which is Q=K1×Ave+K2×L×q, where K1 and K2 are preset weighting coefficients, and K1+K2=1, L is the length of the flexible route, and q is the material consumption per unit length of seam.

9. The integrated system for BIM-based panel joint design optimization and rapid installation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of dividing the initial seam line into rigid and flexible routes includes: In the initial jointing line, the joints between the board and the wall of the installation area at the perimeter of the installation area are recorded as rigid lines, and all joints other than rigid lines are recorded as flexible lines.

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